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Gao Y, Dong X, Wang R, Hao F, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Lin G. Exogenous Calcium Alleviates Oxidative Stress Caused by Salt Stress in Peanut Seedling Roots by Regulating the Antioxidant Enzyme System and Flavonoid Biosynthesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:233. [PMID: 38397831 PMCID: PMC10886236 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the adversity stresses plants face, and antioxidant defense mechanisms play an essential role in plant resistance. We investigated the effects of exogenous calcium on the antioxidant defense system in peanut seedling roots that are under salt stress by using indices including the transcriptome and absolute quantitative metabolome of flavonoids. Under salt stress conditions, the antioxidant defense capacity of enzymatic systems was weakened and the antioxidant capacity of the linked AsA-GSH cycle was effectively inhibited. In contrast, the ascorbate biosynthesis pathway and its upstream glycolysis metabolism pathway became active, which stimulated shikimate biosynthesis and the downstream phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway, resulting in an increased accumulation of flavonoids, which, as one of the antioxidants in the non-enzymatic system, provide hydroxyl radicals to scavenge the excess reactive oxygen species and maintain the plant's vital activities. However, the addition of exogenous calcium caused changes in the antioxidant defense system in the peanut root system. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the antioxidant capacity of the AsA-GSH cycle were enhanced. Therefore, glycolysis and phenylpropanoid metabolism do not exert antioxidant function, and flavonoids were no longer synthesized. In addition, antioxidant enzymes and the AsA-GSH cycle showed a trade-off relationship with sugars and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guolin Lin
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.G.); (X.D.); (R.W.); (F.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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Qiu XY, Huang WQ, Zeng G, Yue WB, Zhang CY, Zhi JR. Enzymatic activity and development of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in response to exogenous calcium treatments of kidney bean plants. J Econ Entomol 2024; 117:311-322. [PMID: 38181509 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is an agricultural pest threatening various horticultural crops worldwide. Inducing plant resistance is an ecologically beneficial and potentially effective method for controlling F. occidentalis. As an essential nutrient element, exogenous calcium enhances plant-induced resistance. This study investigated the effects of CaCl2 on the secondary metabolites of kidney bean plants and detoxifying and digestive enzymes in F. occidentalis. We found that treatment of plants and treatment time and also the interactions of the 2 factors significantly affected secondary metabolites contents (tannin, flavonoids, total phenol, alkaloid, and lignin) of kidney bean leaves, which indicated that that the effect of treatment of plants on secondary metabolites varied with treatment time. Moreover, when thrips fed on CaCl2-treated plants, the activities of detoxifying enzymes, enzymes glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 substantially increased compared to those in which thrips fed on control plants. However, the activity of carboxylesterase significantly decreased. The detoxifying enzyme genes CL992.contig6, CYP4PN1, and CYP4PJ2 were significantly upregulated at 24 and 48 h. The activities of digestive enzymes (α-amylase, chymotrypsin, and lipase) increased substantially in F. occidentalis. The digestive enzyme gene, FoAMY-1, was significantly upregulated at 24 and 48 h after treatment. The pupation rate and pupal weight of F. occidentalis were significantly reduced. The results indicated that exogenous CaCl2-induced metabolic changes in kidney bean plants and altered the enzymatic activity and development of F. occidentalis that fed upon them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Qiu
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wan-Qing Huang
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company, Tongren Branch, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Guang Zeng
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Resources and Environment, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, Guizhou, China
| | - Wen-Bo Yue
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Chang-Yu Zhang
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun-Rui Zhi
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Fan Y, Ma J, Liu Y, Tan X, Li X, Xu E, Xu L, Luo A. Heat Stress Alleviation by Exogenous Calcium in the Orchid Dendrobium nobile Lindl: A Biochemical and Transcriptomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14692. [PMID: 37834139 PMCID: PMC10572151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth of Dendrobium nobile is sensitive to heat stress. To find an effective method for enhancing heat tolerance, this study investigated the relieving effect of exogenous calcium at different concentrations (0 mmol/L, 5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L, 15 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L CaCl2) on heat stress in D. nobile. Principal component analysis was used to screen the optimal exogenous calcium concentration, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal its possible heat tolerance mechanism. The results showed that compared with the T0, a 10 mmol/L calcium treatment: increased the average leaf length, leaf width, plant height, and fresh matter accumulation of D. nobile by 76%, 103.39%, 12.97%, and 12.24%, respectively (p < 0.05); significantly increased chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), carotenoids(Car), ascorbic acid (ASA), glutathione (GSH), and flavonoids by 15.72%, 8.54%, 11.88%, 52.17%, 31.54%, and 36.12%, respectively; and effectively enhanced the enzyme activity of the antioxidant system, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) by 1.38, 1.61, and 2.16 times, respectively (p < 0.05); At the same time, the treatment can effectively reduce the yellow leaf rate and defoliation rate of D. nobile under heat stress. The principal component analysis method and membership function were used to calculate the D value to rank the relief effects of each calcium treatment group, and the results also showed that 10 mmol/L CaCl2 had the best relief effect. Transcriptomics testing identified 7013 differentially expressed genes, of which 2719 were upregulated, and 294 were downregulated. Among them, genes such as HSPA1s, HSP90A, HSPBP1, ATG8, COMT, REF1, E1.11.1.7, along with transcription factors such as MYB, bHLH, WRKY, and NAC, formed the network of tolerance to heat stress in D. nobile. This study provides new insights for improving the cultivation techniques of D. nobile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aoxue Luo
- Department of Landscape Plants, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Feng D, Wang X, Gao J, Zhang C, Liu H, Liu P, Sun X. Exogenous calcium: Its mechanisms and research advances involved in plant stress tolerance. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1143963. [PMID: 37025147 PMCID: PMC10070993 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1143963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are various environmental factors that inhibit a normal plant growth and limit the crop productivity. Plant scientists have been attempting for a long time to understand how plants respond to these stresses and find an effective and feasible solution in mitigating their adverse impacts. Exogenous calcium ion as an essential element for the plant growth, development and reproduction has proven to be effective in alleviating plant stresses through enhancing its resistance or tolerance against them. With a comprehensive review of most recent advances and the analysis by VOSviewer in the researches on this focus of "exogenous calcium" and "stress" for last decade, this paper summarizes the mechanisms of exogenous calcium that are involved in plant defensive responses to abiotic stresses and classifies them accordingly into six categories: I) stabilization of cell walls and membranes; II) regulation of Na+ and K+ ratios; III) regulation of hormone levels in plants; IV) maintenance of photosynthesis; V) regulation of plant respiratory metabolism and improvement of root activities; and VI) induction of gene expressions and protein transcriptions for the stress resistance. Also, the progress and advances from the updated researches on exogenous calcium to alleviate seven abiotic stresses such as drought, flooding, salinity, high temperature, low temperature, heavy metals, and acid rain are outlined. Finally, the future research perspectives in agricultural production are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Feng
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs/Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoan Sun
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
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He L, Yan J, Ding X, Jin H, Zhang H, Cui J, Zhou Q, Yu J. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and microRNAs associated with exogenous calcium-mediated enhancement of hypoxic tolerance in cucumber seedlings ( Cucumis sativus L.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 13:994268. [PMID: 36684729 PMCID: PMC9846352 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plants often suffer from hypoxic stress due to flooding caused by extreme weather. Hypoxia usually leads to restricted oxygen supply and alters metabolic patterns from aerobic to anaerobic. Cucumber roots are fragile and highly sensitive to damage from hypoxic stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory mechanism of exogenous calcium alleviating hypoxic stress in cucumber through transcriptome and small RNAs analysis. Three treatments were performed in this paper, including untreated-control (CK), hypoxic stress (H), and hypoxic stress + exogenous calcium treatment (H + Ca2+). A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, 1,463 DEGs between CK vs H, 3,399 DEGs between H vs H + Ca2+, and 5,072 DEGs between CK vs H + Ca2+, respectively. KEGG analysis of DEGs showed that exogenous calcium could activate hormone signaling pathways (ethylene, ABA, IAA and cytokinin), transcription factors (MYB, MYB-related, bHLH, bZIP, and WRKY), calcium signaling and glycolysis pathway to mitigating hypoxic stress in cucumber seedlings. Additionally, miRNA and their target genes were detected and predicted between treatments. The target genes of these miRNAs revealed that auxin, cellulose synthase, and mitochondrial ribosomal related genes (Csa2G315390, Csa6G141390, Csa4G053280, and Csa6G310480) probably play in the improvement of the hypoxic tolerance of cucumber seedlings through exogenous calcium application. In short, our data adds new information to the mechanism of exogenous calcium mitigation of hypoxic stress injury in cucumber seedlings at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong He
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotao Ding
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijun Jin
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Cui
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Dushi Green Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jizhu Yu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Huang WQ, Zeng G, Zhi JR, Qiu XY, Yin ZJ. Exogenous Calcium Suppresses the Oviposition Choices of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Promotes the Attraction of Orius similis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) by Altering Volatile Blend Emissions in Kidney Bean Plants. Insects 2022; 13:1127. [PMID: 36555037 PMCID: PMC9785530 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Frankliniella occidentalis is a destructive pest of horticultural plants, while Orius similis is a natural enemy of thrips. It has been demonstrated that exogenous calcium could induce plant defenses against herbivore attack. We examined whether CaCl2 supplementation altered the volatile emissions of kidney bean plants, which influence the oviposition preference of F. occidentalis. We also assessed the influence of volatile cues on O. similis. Using Y-tube olfactometer tests, we found that exogenous CaCl2 treatment inhibited the selectivity of F. occidentalis but attracted O. similis. In addition, CaCl2 treatment reduced the oviposition preference of F. occidentalis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that CaCl2 treatment altered the number and relative abundance of the volatile compounds in kidney bean plants and that (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, β-lonone, and (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal might be potential olfactory cues. Furthermore, the results of the six-arm olfactometer test indicated that 1-octen-3-ol (10-2 μL/μL), β-lonone (10-2 μL/μL), and (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal (10-3 μL/μL) repelled F. occidentalis but attracted O. similis. Overall, our results suggested that exogenous CaCl2 treatment induced defense responses in kidney bean plants, suggesting that CaCl2 supplementation may be a promising strategy to enhance the biological control of F. occidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qing Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guang Zeng
- Department of Resources and Environment, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Jun-Rui Zhi
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin-Yue Qiu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhen-Juan Yin
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Li H, Huang S, Ren C, Weng X, Zhang S, Liu L, Pei J. Optimal exogenous calcium alleviates the damage of Snow-melting agent to Salix matsudana seedlings. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:928092. [PMID: 36247589 PMCID: PMC9554415 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the main component of snowmelt agents, NaCl is widely used in northern winters and significantly impacts the expected growth of garden plants in north China. Salix matsudana is also faced with salt stress caused by snowmelt, which seriously affects its development as the main tree species in the northern landscape. However, how exogenous calcium alleviates salt stress in Salix matsudana is not yet clear. In this study, the indicators of growth indices, photosynthetic characteristics and stress resistance were measured by hydroponic assays in combination with three NaCl conditions (0, 50 and 200 mmol·L-1) and five calcium concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mmol·L-1). The study's results indicated that the application of exogenous calcium remarkably promoted the growth of Salix matsudana seedlings under NaCl stress. When the exogenous calcium concentration was 10 mmol·L-1, the plant height and basal diameter of Salix matsudana seedlings increased significantly, and the biomass of all parts reached the maximum (P< 0.05). Exogenous calcium can substantially improve the photosynthesis of Salix matsudana seedlings under salt stress. The photosynthetic parameters, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic product synthesis of Salix matsudana seedlings were significantly increased at an exogenous calcium concentration of 10 mmol·L-1, and the photosynthetic level of Salix matsudana seedlings reached the highest value. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F v /F m, F v /F 0) of Salix matsudana seedlings were significantly decreased under different concentrations of NaCl stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency (F v /F m) and potential photochemical efficiency (F v /F 0) of Salix matsudana seedlings peaked when the exogenous calcium concentration was 10 mmol·L-1, which was significantly higher than that of the other treatments (P< 0.05). The water use efficiency of Salix matsudana was affected considerably by NaCl stress. The WUE and iWUE peak values of Salix matsudana were significantly higher than those of other calcium concentrations at 10 mmol·L-1 (P< 0.05). Exogenous calcium can increase the activities of CAT, SOD and POD enzymes in Salix matsudana seedlings under different NaCl concentrations. Under NaCl stress, adding exogenous calcium promoted the survival rate and growth of Salix matsudana seedlings. In conclusion, the optimum exogenous calcium concentration for Salix matsudana seedlings was 10 mmol·L-1. High or low concentrations of exogenous calcium did not achieve the best results in alleviating salt stress in Salix matsudana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Changtu, China
| | - Shenglan Huang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Changtu, China
| | - Chengshuai Ren
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Changtu, China
| | - Xiaohang Weng
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Changtu, China
| | - Songzhu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Changtu, China
| | - Liying Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Changtu, China
| | - Jiubo Pei
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Zeng G, Zhi JR, Ye M, Xie W, Zhang T, Li DY, Liu L, Wu XB, Cao Y. Life Table and Preference Choice of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) for Kidney Bean Plants Treated by Exogenous Calcium. Insects 2021; 12:838. [PMID: 34564278 DOI: 10.3390/insects12090838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, is an invasive key pest that damages vegetables and ornamentals worldwide. The activation of induced resistance by chemicals may provide a simple and feasible way of achieving improvement of resistance to stress in crop plants, which is an important technology for the development of sustainable agriculture. Calcium (Ca) is an essential element for plants; numerous studies have shown that Ca can confer crop plants with resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. For the first time, we report the negative effects of exogenous Ca on kidney bean plants in relation to the performance of F. occidentalis, including a reduced preference of thrips. Therefore, Ca could potentially be used to control F. occidentalis. Abstract Exogenous calcium (Ca) has been used to induce host plant resistance in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, including from thrips attack. The aim of this study was to determine whether exogenously applied Ca affects the performance of Frankliniella occidentalis. We assessed the development time, total longevity, reproduction, and population parameters of F. occidentalis, and its preference choice on Ca-treated or untreated control kidney bean plants under laboratory conditions. The results showed that F. occidentalis fed on Ca-treated leaves had a longer developmental time but lower longevity (female and male) and fecundity than F. occidentalis fed on control leaves. Population parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0), were all found higher in control leaves than in Ca-treated leaves, and the mean generation time (T) was shorter. In preference choices, the number of thrips on control plants was higher than the number of thrips on Ca-treated kidney bean plants. Overall, our results indicated that exogenous Ca pretreatment on kidney bean plants affected the life history and preference choice of F. occidentalis, suggesting Ca might be used as a promising elicitor of inducible plant defense against thrips.
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Ma SY, Ma L, Xu B, Yang N, Zhang XH, Chai Q, Li S. [Physiological responses of symbiotic rhizobium pea to exogenous calcium under salt stress]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:969-977. [PMID: 32537994 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202003.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the effects of exogenous calcium on salt tolerance of nodule symbiotic pea, a pot experiment was conducted under salt stress (170 mmol·L-1) to examine the effects of exogenous CaCl2(0, 5 and 15 mmol·L-1) on physiological parameters of two pea cultivars, 'Dingwan 8' (salt tolerant) and 'Longwan 6' (salt sensitive), inoculated with rhizobium strains 15657, 15735 and Ca66. The results showed that plant biomass, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and the contents of proline (Pro) and soluble sugar (SS) were enhanced, but malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased, with rhizobium inoculation, CaCl2 application or CaCl2 application after rhizobium inoculation. Plant biomass and activities of SOD and POD and Pro content were increased significantly by the application of 15 mmol·L-1 CaCl2 after rhizobium inoculation. The application of CaCl2 after inoculation of rhizobium strain 15735 suitable for pea had limited effects on physiological parameters of pea plants, whereas the application of CaCl2 after inoculation of rhizobium (15657, Ca66) unsuitable for pea had obvious effects. The comprehensive analysis of membership function showed that pea treated with CaCl2 after rhizobium inoculation exhibited stronger salt tolerance, and 'Dingwan 8' plants treated with 15 mmol·L-1 CaCl2 after inoculation of rhizobium strain 15735 showed the strongest ability of salt tolerance with the highest membership function value of 0.814. In summary, compared with CaCl2 application or rhizobium inoculation alone, CaCl2 application after rhizobium inoculation could effectively enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation ability, reduce the damage of membrane lipid peroxidation, and consequently improve the salt tolerance of pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ying Ma
- Basic Experimental Educational Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xu-Hui Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiang Chai
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Huang LY, Li ZZ, Ju LT, Sun PP, Wu GZ, Wu YM, Li J. [Effect of calcium on ion contents and expression of photosynthetic related genes in honeysuckle under salt stress]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:2452-2458. [PMID: 31359710 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190325.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous calcium can enhance the resistance of certain plants to abiotic stress. Research have demonstrated that exogenous calcium could enhances the resistance of honeysuckle under salt stress by promoting the transmission of photosynthetic electrons.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous calcium on the contents of Na~+,K~+,Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+)and the expression of photosynthetic related genes Cab and rbc L. In this study,we used ICP-OES to analysis ion contents and used qRT-PCR to analysis the expression patterns of Cab and rbc L. The results showed that CaCl_2 significantly enhanced the K~+-Na~+,Ca~(2+)-Na~+,Mg~(2+)-Na+ratio of honeysuckle treated with 50 and 100 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl. Meanwhile,Cab and rbc L were significantly up-regulated under short-term salt stress,and CaCl_2 promoted this trend. From the two gene expression patterns,rbc L rapidly up-regulated on the first day of stress and then decreased,and was more sensitive to environmental changes. In summary,exogenous calcium could alleviate salt stress and increase plant development by increasing intracellular K~+-Na~+,Ca~(2+)-Na~+,Mg~(2+)-Na+ratio,and the transient overexpression of Cab and rbc L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yao Huang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Long-Tai Ju
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Pan-Pan Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Guo-Zhen Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Yu-Meng Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Jia Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
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Huang LY, Li ZZ, Duan TY, Wang L, Zhang YQ, Li J. [Regulation of exogenous calcium on photosynthetic system of honeysuckle under salt stress]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:1531-1536. [PMID: 31090315 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190322.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous calcium can enhance the resistance of certain plants to abiotic stress. However,the role of calcium insaltstressed honeysuckle is unclear. The study is aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous calcium on the biomass,chlorophyll content,gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence of honeysuckle under salt stress. The results showed that the calcium-treated honeysuckle had better photochemical properties than the salt-stressed honeysuckle,such as PIABS,PItotal,which represents the overall activity of photosystemⅡ(PSⅡ),and related parameters for characterizing electron transport efficiency φP0,ψE0,φE0,σR,and φR are significantly improved. At the same time,the gas exchange parameters Gs,Ci,Trare also maintained at a high level. In summary,exogenous calcium protects the activity of PSⅡ,promotes the transmission of photosynthetic electrons,and maintains a high Ci,therefore enhances the resistance of honeysuckle under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yao Huang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Tong-Yao Duan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
| | - Jia Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan 250355,China
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Wang G, Bi A, Amombo E, Li H, Zhang L, Cheng C, Hu T, Fu J. Exogenous Calcium Enhances the Photosystem II Photochemistry Response in Salt Stressed Tall Fescue. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:2032. [PMID: 29250091 PMCID: PMC5715236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Calcium enhances turfgrass response to salt stress. However, little is known about PSII photochemical changes when exogenous calcium was applied in salinity-stressed turfgrass. Here, we probe into the rearrangements of PSII electron transport and endogenous ion accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) treated with exogenous calcium under salt stress. Three-month-old seedlings of genotype "TF133" were subjected to the control (CK), salinity (S), salinity + calcium nitrate (SC), and salinity + ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (SE). Calcium nitrate and ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid was used as exogenous calcium donor and calcium chelating agent respectively. At the end of a 5-day duration treatment, samples in SC regime had better photochemistry performance on several parameters than salinity only. Such as the Area (equal to the plastoquinone pool size), N (number of [Formula: see text] redox turnovers until Fm is reached), ψE0, or δRo (Efficiencdy/probability with which a PSII trapped electron is transferred from QA to QB or PSI acceptors), ABS/RC (Absorbed photon flux per RC). All the above suggested that calcium enhanced the electron transfer of PSII (especially beyond [Formula: see text]) and prevented reaction centers from inactivation in salt-stressed tall fescue. Furthermore, both grass shoot and root tissues generally accumulated more C, N, Ca2+, and K+ in the SC regime than S regime. Interrelated analysis indicated that ψE0, δRo, ABS/RC, C, and N content in shoots was highly correlated to each other and significantly positively related to Ca2+ and K+ content in roots. Besides, high salt increased ATP6E and CAMK2 transcription level in shoot at 1 and 5 day, respectively while exogenous calcium relieved it. In root, CAMK2 level was reduced by Salinity at 5 day and exogenous calcium recovered it. These observations involved in electron transport capacity and ion accumulation assist in understanding better the protective role of exogenous calcium in tall fescue under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aoyue Bi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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