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Abstract
This study examines how gender interacts with polyvictimization patterns in survivors' health problems using 8,587 survivors of intimate partner violence from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, a nationally representative sample collected in 2010. Polyvictimization included six categories that were created in our previous work: sexual violence, physical and psychological violence, coercive control, multiple violence, stalking, and psychological aggression. Multiple violence was associated with chronic pain, headache, difficulty sleeping, and poor health perception. Females experiencing coercive control were more likely to have chronic pain than males. The appropriate assessment of gendered patterns of polyvictimization, and relevant subsequent services and support will better address health problems among survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkag Cho
- School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Woojong Kim
- Social Work Program, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Abbie Nelson
- School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer Allen
- School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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2
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Labanca M, Gianò M, Franco C, Rezzani R. Orofacial Pain and Dentistry Management: Guidelines for a More Comprehensive Evidence-Based Approach. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2854. [PMID: 37685392 PMCID: PMC10486623 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial pain represents one of the most common health problems that negatively affects the activities of daily living. However, the mechanisms underlying these conditions are still unclear, and their comprehensive management is often lacking. Moreover, even if pain is a common symptom in dentistry, differential diagnostic procedures are needed to exclude other pain origins. Misinterpretation of the pain origin, in fact, can lead to misdiagnosis and to subsequent mismanagement. Pain in the orofacial area is the most common reason for patients to visit the dentist, but this area is complex, and the pain could be associated with the hard and soft tissues of the head, face, oral cavity, or to a dysfunction of the nervous system. Considering that the origins of orofacial pain can be many and varied, a thorough assessment of the situation is necessary to enable the most appropriate diagnostic pathway to be followed to achieve optimal clinical and therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Labanca
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (C.F.); (R.R.)
- Italian Society for the Study of Orofacial Pain (Società Italiana Studio Dolore Orofacciale—SISDO), 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marzia Gianò
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (C.F.); (R.R.)
| | - Caterina Franco
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (C.F.); (R.R.)
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (C.F.); (R.R.)
- Italian Society for the Study of Orofacial Pain (Società Italiana Studio Dolore Orofacciale—SISDO), 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Ciarambino T, Crispino P, Buono P, Giordano V, Trama U, Iodice V, Leoncini L, Giordano M. Efficacy and Safety of Vaccinations in Geriatric Patients: A Literature Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1412. [PMID: 37766089 PMCID: PMC10537287 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progressive lengthening of the average age of the population, especially in some countries such as Italy, vaccination of the elderly is a fixed point on which most of the public health efforts are concentrating as epidemic infectious diseases, especially those of the winter, have a major impact on the progression of severe disease, hospitalization, and death. The protection of the elderly against acute infectious diseases should not only limit mortality but also have a positive impact on the fragility of these people in terms of less disability and fewer care needs. However, vaccination of the elderly population differs in efficacy and safety compared to that of other population categories since aging and the consequent loss of efficiency of the immune system lead to a reduction in the immunogenicity of vaccines without achieving a lasting antibody coverage. There are various strategies to avoid the failure of immunization by vaccines such as resorting to supplementary doses with adjuvant vaccines, increasing the dosage of the antigen used, or choosing to inoculate the serum relying on various routes of administration of the vaccine. Vaccination in the elderly is also an important factor in light of growing antibiotic resistance because it can indirectly contribute to combating antibiotic resistance, reducing theoretically the use of those agents. Furthermore, vaccination in old age reduces mortality from infectious diseases preventable with vaccines and reduces the same rate of resistance to antibiotics. Given the importance and complexity of the topic, in this review, we will deal with the main aspects of vaccination in the elderly and how it can influence mortality and healthcare costs, especially in those countries where population aging is more evident. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed to identify all types of studies published up to 31 May 2023 that examined the association between vaccination and the elderly. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers (PC and TC) who independently extracted the following data and assessed the quality of each study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ciarambino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Marcianise, ASL Caserta, 81031 Caserta, Italy
- Direzione di Staff Direzione Generale Tutela per la Salute Regione Campania, 80143 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (U.T.)
| | - Pietro Crispino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Latina, ASL Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Pietro Buono
- Direzione di Staff Direzione Generale Tutela per la Salute Regione Campania, 80143 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (U.T.)
| | | | - Ugo Trama
- Direzione di Staff Direzione Generale Tutela per la Salute Regione Campania, 80143 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (U.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Iodice
- ASL Caserta, Direttore Sanitario Aziendale, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Laura Leoncini
- ASL Caserta, Direttore Sanitario, P.O. Marcianise, 81025 Marcianise, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania, L. Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy;
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Pramono LA. We Need Epidemiological Study from Our Own Population. Acta Med Indones 2023; 55:133-135. [PMID: 37524605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data is a valuable source for decision-making in a clinical setting or from a public health perspective. It serves not only direct purposes by supporting evidence-based treatment but also indirectly contributes to guidelines and policies in healthcare services. Currently, there remains a pressing need for further epidemiological or population-based studies to be conducted in Indonesia. The availability of health data and information specifically from the Indonesian population is still limited and highly sought after. It is common for us to depend on epidemiological data from foreign countries, but this practice can introduce bias into our decision-making process due to the disparities between their conditions and our own.Indonesia possesses a distinct socio-demographic and health landscape, setting it apart from other countries. The diverse range of diseases, risk factors, healthcare access, health equity, and geographical characteristics all contribute to the uniqueness and variability of health problems within the nation. Specific regions across the Indonesian archipelago encounter health issues that are distinct to their locations. Infectious diseases, particularly tropical diseases, and nutrient deficiencies continue to present significant challenges in numerous provinces throughout Indonesia. Variations are observed across different areas and timeframes of study. These dynamic and variable factors make population studies particularly intriguing. It is the responsibility of clinicians, researchers, and epidemiologists to delve into the intricacies of the population and study its health problems comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentius Aswin Pramono
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Department of Internal Medicine, St Carolus Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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Saepudin M, Pranaka RN, Umboh HH, Wardoyo S. Risk factors associated with rabies incidence in rabies endemic areas in West Kalimantan. Germs 2022; 12:472-477. [PMID: 38021177 PMCID: PMC10660222 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2022.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Rabies remains a significant health problem in many parts of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that rabies is a disease neglected in its management and has become a problem, especially in poor areas. It is estimated that 55,000 rabies deaths occurred worldwide in 2018. From 2015 to 2019, there were 404,306 cases of rabigenic wounds inflicted by animal bites in Indonesia, with 544 deaths. West Kalimantan Province is one of the areas endemic to rabies and one of the five provinces with the highest number of deaths due to rabies. Methods This was a case-control study of patients who presented to the health service for potentially-rabigenic wounds inflicted by animal bites and being diagnosed with rabies exposure. The post-mortem examination was carried out to support the diagnosis of exposure to rabies. Cases were defined as those who had experienced dog bites from the health services medical register from 2015 to 2019. Controls were defined as those who lived in the same area as patients from the cases group and were owners of potentially rabigenic animals. The research was performed in Landak and Sanggau Regencies, West Kalimantan. Results The results showed an association between the following risk factors and the incidence of rabies: animal care (p=0.033), rabies vaccine (p=0.006), and behavior (p=0.011), while other risk factors were knowledge (p=1.000) and attitude (p=0.840). Conclusions The study's findings inform rabies prevention and eradication, particularly in the province of West Kalimantan, which has experienced issues related to the population power of rabies-transmitting animals, as well as the process of vaccinating rabies-transmitting animals and a lack of public awareness. These factors have a significant impact on the prevalence of rabies, as dogs in the province of West Kalimantan have rabies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Saepudin
- Dr, M. Kes, Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak, Pontianak, 78241, Indonesia
| | - Resky Nanda Pranaka
- SKM, Research and Development Agency of West Kalimantan Province, Pontianak, 78121, Indonesia
| | - Huibert Hendrian Umboh
- drh, Department of Agriculture and Livestock Farming West Kalimantan Province, Pontianak, 78121, Indonesia
| | - Slamet Wardoyo
- SST, Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, 60282, Indonesia
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Mashimo S, Hogan T, Nishida S, Watanabe Y, Matsuki Y, Suhara H, Yoshida N. Influence of Surveillance Methods in the Detection of Sports Injuries and Illnesses. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:1119-1127. [PMID: 36237647 PMCID: PMC9528695 DOI: 10.26603/001c.37852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological data on sports injuries and illnesses depend on the surveillance methodology and the definition of the health problems. The effect of different surveillance methods on the data collection has been investigated for overuse injuries, but not for other health problems such as traumatic injuries and illnesses. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the new surveillance method developed by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center (OSTRC), which is based on any complaint definition (new method), to identify health problems compared with the traditional surveillance method, which is based on time loss definition. Study design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods A total of 62 Japanese athletes were prospectively followed-up for 18 weeks to assess differences in health problems identified by both new and traditional methods. Every week, the athletes completed the Japanese version of the OSTRC questionnaire (OSTRC-H2.JP), whereas the teams' athletic trainers registered health problems with a time loss definition. The numbers of health problems identified via each surveillance method were calculated and compared with each other to assess any differences between their results. Results The average weekly response rate to the OSTRC-H2.JP was 82.1% (95% CI, 79.8-84.3). This new method recorded 3.1 times more health problems (3.1 times more injuries and 2.8 times more illnesses) than the traditional method. The difference between both surveillance methods' counts was greater for overuse injuries (5.3 times) than for traumatic injuries (2.5 times). Conclusions This study found that the new method captured more than three times as many health problems as the traditional method. In particular, the difference between both methods' counts was greater for overuse injuries than for traumatic injuries. Level of evidence 2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonoko Mashimo
- Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Osaka Electro-Communication University
| | - Takaaki Hogan
- Media Communication Center, Osaka Electro-Communication University
| | - Satoru Nishida
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Yumi Watanabe
- Department of Physical Therapy, Riseisha College of Medicine and Sport
| | - Yuya Matsuki
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University of Advanced Science
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Yoshimoto-Suzuki Y, Hasegawa D, Hosoya Y, Saito G, Nagase K, Gunji M, Kobayashi K, Ishida Y, Manabe A, Ozawa M. Significance of active screening for detection of health problems in childhood cancer survivors. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:947646. [PMID: 36275067 PMCID: PMC9583383 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.947646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) have a lifelong increased risk of chronic health problems, most of which are associated with the curative therapies. Recent studies have suggested that prospective active screening using comprehensive assessments for CCSs is superior in identifying undiagnosed chronic health problems. METHODS To assess the significance of active screening using comprehensive medical examinations for detecting chronic health problems in multiple organ systems in CCSs, we retrospectively compared the frequency and severity of health problems between two different cohorts of CCSs in a single institution: 110 CCSs who visited the outpatient clinic for regular follow-ups between December 2010 and December 2015 (regular follow-up group) vs. 58 CCSs who underwent comprehensive medical examinations between February 2016 and September 2019 (active screening group). CCSs were defined as patients aged ≥ 18 years who had been diagnosed as having childhood cancer ≥ 10 years before and had survived without cancer for ≥ 5 years. RESULTS Patient characteristics were similar between the two groups except for primary diagnosis (more brain tumors and embryonal tumors in the active screening group) and treatment history (more alkylating agents used and surgical interventions performed in the active screening group). The prevalence and the median number of health problems were significantly higher in the active screening group than in the regular follow-up group: 93% vs. 67% and 1.0 [0.0-8.0] vs. 2.0 [0.0-7.0] respectively. In term of organ-specific health problems, pulmonary dysfunction, neurocognitive impairment, ocular abnormalities, and dental abnormalities were identified more in the active screening group, partly because these problems had not been assessed in the regular follow-up group. Nevertheless, the prevalence of grade 3-5 health problems was similar between the two groups, except for pulmonary dysfunction. CONCLUSION Active screening using comprehensive medical examinations was effective for identifying health problems in CCSs. Although the prevalence of severe problems identified by both approaches was similar, comprehensive medical examinations could detect overlooked problems such as severe pulmonary dysfunction, dental maldevelopment, and borderline intellectual functioning, which might have an impact on quality of life in CCSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Yoshimoto-Suzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Course of Advanced and Specialized Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hosoya
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Go Saito
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nagase
- Department of Nursing, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Gunji
- Department of Nursing, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kobayashi
- Department of Child & Family Health Nursing, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishida
- Pediatric Medical Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Atsushi Manabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Miwa Ozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Hjort Telhede E, Arvidsson S, Karlsson S. Nursing staff's experiences of how weighted blankets influence resident's in nursing homes expressions of health. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 17:2009203. [PMID: 34904541 PMCID: PMC8740773 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.2009203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The most common treatment for resident’s health problems is pharmacological. Little research has been done on how an intervention with a non-pharmacological method, such as a weighted blanket, Through the nursing staff view, we can learn how weighted blankets influence resident’s health in nursing homes. The aim of this study was to explore nursing staff’s experiences of how an intervention with weighted blankets influenced resident’s expressions of health. Methods The study had a descriptive qualitative design with semi-structured interviews with 20 nursing staff working in nursing homes, and an inductive content analysis was applied. Results The nursing staff expressed that the weighted blanket positively influenced resident’s health in the areas of sleep, physical activity, and psychological behaviour. The weighted blanket made them fall asleep faster, sleep was uninterrupted andthey felt more rested in the morning. The nursing staff observed an increased level of activity as the resident became more energetic . The nursing staff also experienced reduced negative psychological behaviours like anxiety and worrying. Conclusion This study indicated that the weighted blanket changed the health expression of resident in several crucial areas. Deep pressure treatment indicates an alternative health-improved treatment for resident in nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susann Arvidsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Staffan Karlsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.,Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Min A, Kang M, Hong HC. Sickness Presenteeism in Shift and Non-Shift Nurses: Using the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18063236. [PMID: 33800982 PMCID: PMC8004057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nurses have reported higher rates of sickness presenteeism than other workers, which is particularly problematic because this problem is linked to care quality and patient safety. This secondary data analysis study aimed to identify the prevalence of sickness presenteeism and explore related factors among shift and non-shift nurses using the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. A total of 272 nurses in Korean hospitals were included. The survey included questions on working conditions, health status, and sickness presenteeism. A multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of sickness presenteeism. Overall, 21.8% of the participants reported experiencing sickness presenteeism; shift nurses experienced more sickness presenteeism than non-shift nurses. Sickness presenteeism was greater in shift nurses who did not have rest breaks during work and in nurses who experienced quick return. Additionally, the odds of sickness presenteeism were approximately four times greater in shift nurses who experienced sleep disturbance and about four times higher in shift nurses who experienced health problems. Among non-shift nurses, the odds of sickness presenteeism were about 15 times greater in those who worked ≥53 h per week. Nurse managers and administrators should prevent sickness presenteeism in hospital nurses to provide quality care and enhance productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.M.); (H.C.H.)
| | - Minkyung Kang
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-258-7657
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.M.); (H.C.H.)
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Åberg C, Gillsjö C, Hallgren J, Berglund M. "It is like living in a diminishing world": older persons' experiences of living with long-term health problems - prior to the STRENGTH intervention. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 15:1747251. [PMID: 32275201 PMCID: PMC7178864 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2020.1747251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ageing is often associated with multiple long-term health problems influencing older persons’ well-being in daily living. It is not unusual that the point of interest in research is often on the management of the actual health problem instead of being holistic and person-centred. Purpose: To describe the phenomenon of living with long-term health problems that influence daily living, from the older persons’ perspective. Methods: Qualitative individual interviews were conducted with 34 older persons living with long-term health problems. The data were analysed using a Reflected Lifeworld Research (RLR) approach, grounded in phenomenology. Results: Life with long-term health problems entails living in a diminishing world. It entails living in uncertainty, not being able to trust one’s own ability. The freedom to make decisions of your own is deprived by relatives and health-care providers. Living with long-term health problems entails being dependent on support in daily life and a strive to maintain meaningfulness in daily living. Conclusions: The results address a need for extended individual and holistic guidance and support in living with long-term health problems to increase the older person’s sense of well-being and meaning in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Åberg
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.,School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Catharina Gillsjö
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.,College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jenny Hallgren
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.,School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Mia Berglund
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
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Pisutsan P, Soonthornworasiri N, Matsee W, Phumratanaprapin W, Punrin S, Leowattana W, Mansanguan C, Leshem E, Piyaphanee W. Incidence of health problems in travelers to Southeast Asia: a prospective cohort study. J Travel Med 2019; 26:5520737. [PMID: 31218345 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taz045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies of the incidence of health problems among travelers to Southeast Asia. The current study sought to determine the incidence of self-reported health problems among travelers visiting the region. METHODS A prospective questionnaire-based study was conducted among travelers from high-income countries who visited Southeast Asia. Participants were enrolled at time of their pre-travel visit at Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Travelers were prospectively followed by self-administered questionnaires 2 weeks after arrival, upon return to their home country and 2 weeks after return. RESULTS During January 2018-February 2019, 359 travelers were enrolled in Bangkok, Thailand, and the first questionnaire was administered. Follow-up questionnaires were returned by 191, 96 and 64 participants 2 weeks later, at the end of the trip and 2 weeks after return, respectively. A total of 6094 travel days were included in the final analysis. The incidence of acute diarrhea per month per 1000 travelers was 217 [95% confidence interval (CI), 189-248] episodes; skin problems, 197 (95% CI, 170-227); respiratory symptoms, 133 (95% CI, 111-158); fever, 49 (95% CI, 36-65); and potential rabies exposure, 34 (95% CI, 24-48). The incidence of acute diarrhea episodes per month per 1000 travelers was significantly higher during the first 2 weeks of travel compared with subsequent weeks of travel: 325 (95% CI, 291-362) vs 132 (95% CI, 110-1157) (P < 0.05). The incidence of outpatient visits and hospitalizations per month per 1000 travelers was 49 (95% CI, 36-65) and 5 (95% CI, 2-10), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective cohort study we observed substantial burden of acute diarrhea and skin and respiratory symptoms among travelers to Southeast Asia. The higher incidence of diarrhea in the first 2 weeks of travel should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phimphan Pisutsan
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Wasin Matsee
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerapong Phumratanaprapin
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suda Punrin
- Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wattana Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayasin Mansanguan
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eyal Leshem
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Watcharapong Piyaphanee
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
There are few reported cases of malingering in children in developed countries, but none has been reported among Nigerian children. This could be because of missed diagnosis, thus creating the impression that malingering is rare in children. Ability to clearly establish that a client has a primary motive behind feigning the illness is a major to look for in malingering. We present a case of a 5-year-old boy with a history of recurrent abnormal body movement and shaking of his body which on detailed evaluation revealed the intention behind his presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasola Julius Oke
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Yetunde Justina Osundare
- Department of Paediatrics, Wesley Guild Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatobi Faith Folarin
- Department of Paediatrics, Wesley Guild Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria
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Ahmad W, Ahmad A, Ali MD, Amin Y, Sheikh SA, Usmani A, Otaibi RA, Rashidi SA, Salih NA, Mostafa OA. A Questionnaire-based Study for Weight Loss by Using Herbal Drugs in Dammam (Eastern Region), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2019; 11:248-253. [PMID: 31555031 PMCID: PMC6662045 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_102_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a common health problem and it is increasing around the world. Herbal drugs are the most commonly used alternative treatment for weight reduction. The aim of this study was to identify the most commonly used plants for the treatment of obesity or to reduce the weight of patients with obesity and to determine the usage rate of herbal drugs in Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on people who were overweight and obese in Dammam (Eastern Region), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, by using pretested questionnaire. Participants were randomly selected for this questionnaire study. P value was calculated by using chi-square test. Results: A total of 500 participants were selected, of which 355 participants completed the questionnaire-based study and the remaining 145 were excluded from the study. The majority (n = 190, 53.52%, P > 0.05) used herbal drugs to reduce weight. The most commonly used herbal drugs included green tea (53.52%, P > 0.05), ginger (31.54%, P < 0.01), and flax seed (17.46%, P < 0.01). However, nearly 35% of participants stated that they had unwanted effects; therefore, majority of the participants stated they would use herbal drugs in future to reduce weight. Conclusion: This investigation showed that the treatment to reduce weight of those who were overweight or obese by herbal drugs and the usage rate of herbal drugs/fruits/vegetables were high in Dammam. Further investigations are required to prove the efficacy of herbal drugs and their side effects for the treatment of obesity. A community awareness program is essential to explain the positive and adverse effects of herbal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad D Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sukainah A Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anjum Usmani
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan A Otaibi
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A Rashidi
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura A Salih
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omnia A Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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14
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Kim YS, Park J, Rhee KY, Kim HM. A Comparison between the Second Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) and the First KWCS. Saf Health Work 2015; 6:85-9. [PMID: 26106506 PMCID: PMC4476191 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study was designed to assess the changes in working conditions through a comparative analysis of the characteristics of working conditions in 2006 and 2010. Methods We performed a comparative analysis of the data related to the first Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) and the second KWCS in the categories of demographic characteristics, quality of labor, exposure to hazards, and health problems. Results From our analysis of the demographic characteristics, we saw an increase in labor force participation rate of women and elderly people. As a result of the investigation with regards to working hours, the ratio of employees who worked for ≥ 49 hours per week was decreased and the ratio of employees who worked for ≥ 40 h/wk increased. As for exposure to hazards, exposure to tobacco smoke notably decreased in 2010 compared with 2006. With regards to health problems, there was a sharp increase in the number of people who complained of muscle pain in their arms and legs. Conclusion KWCS data included many aspects of working conditions as a nationwide sample. In addition, because this is a periodic nationwide survey, the labor force, working hours, harmful factor exposure, and the change in health problems characteristics according to the flow of time could be investigated. The information comparing the main results of the first survey conducted in 2006 and the second survey conducted in 2010 obtained through this study can be used as an important base material for the establishment of the national policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Kim
- Safety and Health Policy Research Department, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jungsun Park
- Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyonsan-si, Korea
| | - Kyung Yong Rhee
- Safety and Health Policy Research Department, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hye Min Kim
- Safety and Health Policy Research Department, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA, Ulsan, Korea
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15
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Abstract
Disinfection and sterilization in hospitals, is of increasing concern. Nosocomial infections can be defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation. They affect 1 in 10 patients admitted to hospital. Nosocomial infections are associated with a great deal of morbidity, mortality, and increased financial burden
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Revelas
- Department of Pathological, General Hospital of St.Nicolaos, Crete-Greece
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16
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A wide range of health problems has been reported in elderly post-stroke patients. AIM The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence and timing of health problems identified by patient interviews and scrutiny of primary health care and municipality elderly health care records during the first post-stroke year. METHODS A total of 390 consecutive patients, ≥65 years, discharged alive from hospital after a stroke event, were followed for 1 year post-admission. Information on the health care situation during the first post-stroke year was obtained from primary health care and municipal elderly health care records and through interviews with the stroke survivors, at 1 week after discharge, and 3 and 12 months after hospital admission. RESULTS More than 90% had some health problem at some time during the year, while based on patient record data only 4-8% had problems during a given week. The prevalence of interview-based health problems was generally higher than record-based prevalence, and the ranking order was moderately different. The most frequently interview-reported problems were associated with perception, activity, and tiredness, while the most common record-based findings indicated pain, bladder and bowel function, and breathing and circulation problems. There was co-occurrence between some problems, such as those relating to cognition, activity, and tiredness. CONCLUSIONS Almost all patients had a health problem during the year, but few occurred in a given week. Cognitive and communication problems were more common in interview data than record data. Co-occurrence may be used to identify subtle health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Olai
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine Section, Uppsala, Sweden.
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite many activities to prevent risky alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults there is an increase of alcohol intoxications in the group of ten to twenty year old juveniles. OBJECTIVES This report gives an overview about the recent literature as well as the German federal prevention system regarding activities concerning behavioral and policy prevention of risky alcohol consumption among children, adolescents and young adults. Furthermore, effective components of prevention activities are identified and the efficiency and efficacy of ongoing prevention programs is evaluated. METHODS A systematic literature review is done in 34 databases using Bool'sche combinations of the key words alcohol, prevention, treatment, children, adolescents and young adults. RESULTS 401 studies were found and 59 studies were selected for the health technology assessment (HTA). Most of the studies are done in USA, nine in Germany. A family strengthening program, personalized computer based intervention at schools, colleges and universities, brief motivational interventions and policy elements like increase of prices and taxes proved effective. DISCUSSION Among the 59 studies there are three meta-analyses, 15 reviews, 17 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 18 cohort studies. Despite the overall high quality of the study design, many of them have methodological weaknesses (missing randomization, missing or too short follow-ups, not clearly defined measurement parameters). The transferability of US-results to the German context is problematic. Only a few prevention activities reach a sustainable reduction of frequency and/or amount of alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION The HTA-report shows the need to develop specific and target group focused prevention activities for the German situation. Essential for that is the definition of target goals (reduction of consumption, change of behaviour) as well as the definition and empirical validation of risky alcohol consumption. The efficacy of prevention activities should be proven before they are launched. At present activities for the reduction or prevention of risky alcohol consumption are not sufficiently evaluated in Germany concerning their sustainable efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Korczak
- GP Forschungsgruppe, Institut für Grundlagen- und Programmforschung, Munich, Germany
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