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Huang J, Ruan X, Tian T, Xu Y, Hu L, Sun Y. miR-20b attenuates airway inflammation by regulating TXNIP and NLRP3 inflammasome in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mice. J Asthma 2023; 60:2040-2051. [PMID: 37167014 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2213332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway and is associated with pyroptosis. microRNAs (miRNAs) underlie pathogenic mechanism in asthma. This study is expected to evaluate the role of miR-20b in asthma-induced airway inflammation via regulating thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. METHODS The asthmatic mouse model was established via ovalbumin (OVA) induction. Expressions of miR-20b, TXNIP, and NLRP3 in lung tissues were determined. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was appraised, cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were counted and categorized, and histopathological damage was observed. Levels of inflammatory and pyroptotic cytokines were measured. The binding relationship of miR-20b and TXNIP was testified. Co-location and interaction between TXNIP and NLRP3 were detected. Mice were infected with the lentivirus packaged with pcDNA3.1-TXNIP or pcDNA3.1-NLRP3 for joint experiments to observe the pathological changes of mice. RESULTS miR-20b was poorly expressed, while TXNIP and NLRP3 were highly expressed in OVA-induced mice. miR-20b overexpression attenuated airway inflammation and pyroptosis, manifested by alleviation of histopathological damage, declined numbers of total cells and inflammatory cells, lowered bronchial hyperresponsiveness, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory and pyroptotic cytokines, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines. miR-20b targeted TXNIP and inhibited TXNIP expression, and TXNIP can bind to NLRP3 and upregulated NLRP3 expression. Upregulation of TXNIP or NLRP3 could reverse the protecting role of miR-20b overexpression in OVA-induced mice. CONCLUSION miR-20b inhibited TXNIP expression to reduce the binding of TXNIP and NLRP3, thus restricting pyroptosis and airway inflammation of asthmatic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyuan Huang
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xingya Ruan
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yingchen Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Xu TM, Chen B, Jin ZX, Yin XF, Zhang PX, Jiang BG. The anatomical, electrophysiological and histological observations of muscle contraction units in rabbits: a new perspective on nerve injury and regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:228-232. [PMID: 34100460 PMCID: PMC8451562 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.315228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the conventional view a muscle is composed of intermediate structures before its further division into microscopic muscle fibers. Our experiments in mice have confirmed this intermediate structure is composed of the lamella cluster formed by motor endplates, the innervating nerve branches and the corresponding muscle fibers, which can be viewed as an independent structural and functional unit. In this study, we verified the presence of these muscle construction units in rabbits. The results showed that the muscular branch of the femoral nerve sent out 4–6 nerve branches into the quadriceps and the tibial nerve sent out 4–7 nerve branches into the gastrocnemius. When each nerve branch of the femoral nerve was stimulated from the most lateral to the medial, the contraction of the lateral muscle, intermediate muscle and medial muscle of the quadriceps could be induced by electrically stimulating at least one nerve branch. When stimulating each nerve branch of the tibial nerve from the lateral to the medial, the muscle contraction of the lateral muscle 1, lateral muscle 2, lateral muscle 3 and medial muscle of the gastrocnemius could be induced by electrically stimulating at least one nerve branch. Electrical stimulation of each nerve branch resulted in different electromyographical waves recorded in different muscle subgroups. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed most of the nerve branches around the neuromuscular junctions consisted of one individual neural tract, a few consisted of two or more neural tracts. The muscles of the lower limb in the rabbit can be subdivided into different muscle subgroups, each innervated by different nerve branches, thereby allowing much more complex muscle activities than traditionally stated. Together, the nerve branches and the innervated muscle subgroups can be viewed as an independent structural and functional unit. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital (approval No. 2019PHE027) on October 20, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Min Xu
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education; Trauma Center, Peking University People's Hospital; National Trauma Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zong-Xue Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yin
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Guo Jiang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education; Trauma Center, Peking University People's Hospital; National Trauma Medical Center, Beijing, China
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Olsson LM, Lindmark GE, Israelsson ACE, Korkocic D, Hammarström SG, Hammarström MKC. CEACAM5, KLK6, SLC35D3, POSTN, and MUC2 mRNA Analysis Improves Detection and Allows Characterization of Tumor Cells in Lymph Nodes of Patients Who Have Colon Cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2021; 64:1354-63. [PMID: 34192710 DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis is the single most important prognostic risk factor for recurrence in patients with colon cancer who have undergone curative surgery. The routine method for detecting disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes is microscopic examination of one or a few hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections by a trained pathologist. This method, however, is insensitive mainly because less than 1% of the lymph node volume is examined, leading to misclassification. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether analysis of a selected group of biomarker mRNAs improves detection and characterization of lymph node metastases/micrometastases compared with the routine method. DESIGN This study is a side-by-side comparison of biomarker mRNA analysis and histopathology of 185 lymph nodes from patients with colon cancer representing stages I to IV, and an investigation of the importance of lymph node tissue volume for tumor cell detection. SETTINGS This is a collaborative study between a high-volume central hospital and a preclinical university institution. PATIENTS Fifty-seven patients who had undergone tumor resection for colon cancer were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes measured were mRNA copies per 18S rRNA copy of CEACAM5, KLK6, SLC35D3, POSTN, and MUC2 by multiplex assay and metastases/micrometastases detected by histopathology. RESULTS The number of tumor cell-positive lymph nodes was 1.33-fold higher based on CEACAM5 mRNA levels compared with histopathological examination. Increasing the tissue volume analyzed for CEACAM5 levels from an 80-µm section to half a lymph node increased the number of positive nodes from 34 of 107 to 80 of 107 (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the number of positive nodes for the aggressiveness marker KLK6 increased from 9 of 107 to 24 of 107. LIMITATIONS Only a limited number of individual lymph nodes per patient was available for analysis. CONCLUSIONS mRNA analysis of CEACAM5, KLK6, and SLC35D3 improves the detection of tumor cells in lymph nodes from patients surgically treated for colon cancer, and, together with POSTN and MUC2, it further allows characterization of the tumor cells with respect to aggressiveness and the tumor cell environment. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B650. EL ANLISIS DE ARNM DE CEACAM, KLK, SLCD, POSTN Y MUC MEJORA LA DETECCIN Y PERMITE LA CARACTERIZACIN DE CLULAS TUMORALES EN LOS GANGLIOS LINFTICOS DE PACIENTES CON CNCER DE COLON ANTECEDENTES:Las metástasis en los ganglios linfáticos son el factor de riesgo pronóstico más importante de recurrencia en pacientes con cáncer de colon que se han sometido a cirugía curativa. El método de rutina para detectar células tumorales diseminadas en los ganglios linfáticos es el examen microscópico de una o algunas secciones de tejido teñidas con hematoxilina-eosina por un patólogo capacitado. Sin embargo, este método es insensible principalmente porque se examina menos del 1% del volumen de los ganglios linfáticos, lo que conduce a una clasificación errónea.OBJETIVO:Investigar si el análisis de un grupo seleccionado de ARNm de biomarcadores mejora la detección y caracterización de metástasis / micrometástasis en los ganglios linfáticos en comparación con el método de rutina.DISEÑO:Una comparación en paralelo del análisis de ARNm de biomarcadores y la histopatología de 185 ganglios linfáticos de pacientes con cáncer de colon que representan las etapas I-IV, e investigación de la importancia del volumen de tejido de los ganglios linfáticos para la detección de células tumorales.ENTORNO CLINICO:Estudio colaborativo entre un hospital central de alto volumen y una institución universitaria preclínica.PACIENTES:Cincuenta y siete pacientes que han sido sometidos a resección tumoral por cáncer de colon.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE VALORACION:copias de ARNm / copia de ARNr 18S de CEACAM5, KLK6, SLC35D3, POSTN y MUC2 mediante análisis múltiple y metástasis / micrometástasis detectadas por histopatología.RESULTADOS:El número de ganglios linfáticos con células tumorales positivas fue 1,33 veces mayor según los niveles de ARNm de CEACAM5 en comparación con el examen histopatológico. El aumento del volumen de tejido analizado para los niveles de CEACAM5 de una sección de 80 µm a la mitad de un ganglio linfático aumentó el número de ganglios positivos de 34/107 a 80/107 (p <0,0001). De manera similar, el número de nodos positivos para el marcador de agresividad KLK6 aumentó de 9/107 a 24/107.LIMITACIONES:Solo un número limitado de ganglios linfáticos individuales / paciente estuvo disponible para el análisis.CONCLUSIONES:El análisis de ARNm de CEACAM5, KLK6 y SLC35D3 mejora la detección de células tumorales en los ganglios linfáticos de pacientes con cáncer de colon tratados quirúrgicamente y, junto con POSTN y MUC2, permite además la caracterización de las células tumorales con respecto a la agresividad y el entorno celular tumoral. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B650.
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Wang H, Zhang N, Li L, Yang P, Ma Y. Menaquinone 4 Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice through Dual Regulation of Bone Remodeling. Nutrients 2021; 13:2570. [PMID: 34444729 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies showed that higher vitamin K (VK) consumption correlates with a reduced risk of osteoporosis, yet the dispute remains about whether VK is effective in improving bone mineral density (BMD). We sought to discover the anti-osteoporotic effect of menaquinone-4 (MK-4) and evaluate the expression of critical genes related to bone formation and bone resorption pathways in the body. Fifty female C57BL/6 mice (aged 13 weeks) were randomly arranged to a sham-operated group (SHAM, treated with corn oil) and four ovariectomized groups that were administered corn oil (OVX group), estradiol valerate (EV, 2 mg/kg body weight as the positive control), low or high doses of VK (LVK and HVK; 20 and 40 mg MK-4/kg body weight, respectively) by gavage every other day for 12 weeks. Body and uterine weight, serum biochemical indicators, bone microarchitecture, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the mRNA expression of critical genes related to bone formation and bone resorption pathways were assessed. Either dose of MK-4 supplementation increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP), decreased the undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP, p < 0.05) levels, and presented higher BMD, percent bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and lower trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) and structure model index (SMI, p < 0.05) compared with the OVX group. Additionally, both doses of MK4 increased the mRNA expression of Runx2 and Bmp2 (p < 0.05), whereas the doses down-regulated Pu.1 and Nfatc1 (p < 0.05) mRNA expression, the high dose decreased Osx and Tgfb (p < 0.05) mRNA expression, and the low dose decreased Mitd and Akt1 (p < 0.05) mRNA expression. These data show the dual regulatory effects of MK-4 on bone remodeling in ovariectomized mice: the promotion of bone anabolic activity and inhibition of osteoclast differentiation, which provides a novel idea for treating osteoporosis.
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Xue NY, Ge DY, Dong RJ, Kim HH, Ren XJ, Tu Y. Effect of electroacupuncture on glial fibrillary acidic protein and nerve growth factor in the hippocampus of rats with hyperlipidemia and middle cerebral artery thrombus. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:137-142. [PMID: 32788468 PMCID: PMC7818884 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.286973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to reduce blood lipid level and improve cerebral ischemia in rats with hyperlipemia complicated by cerebral ischemia. However, there are few studies on the results and mechanism of the effect of EA in reducing blood lipid level or promoting neural repair after stroke in hyperlipidemic subjects. In this study, EA was applied to a rat model of hyperlipidemia and middle cerebral artery thrombosis and the condition of neurons and astrocytes after hippocampal injury was assessed. Except for the normal group, rats in other groups were fed a high-fat diet throughout the whole experiment. Hyperlipidemia models were established in rats fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks. Middle cerebral artery thrombus models were induced by pasting 50% FeCl3 filter paper on the left middle cerebral artery for 20 minutes on day 50 as the model group. EA1 group rats received EA at bilateral ST40 (Fenglong) for 7 days before the thrombosis. Rats in the EA1 and EA2 groups received EA at GV20 (Baihui) and bilateral ST40 for 14 days after model establishment. Neuronal health was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining in the brain. Hyperlipidemia was assessed by biochemical methods that measured total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein in blood sera. Behavioral analysis was used to confirm the establishment of the model. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and nerve growth factor in the hippocampal CA1 region. The results demonstrated that, compared with the model group, blood lipid levels significantly decreased, glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity was significantly weakened and nerve growth factor immunoreactivity was significantly enhanced in the EA1 and EA2 groups. The repair effect was superior in the EA1 group than in the EA2 group. These findings confirm that EA can reduce blood lipid, inhibit glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and promote nerve growth factor expression in the hippocampal CA1 region after hyperlipidemia and middle cerebral artery thrombosis. All experimental procedures and protocols were approved by the Animal Use and Management Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (approval No. BUCM-3-2018022802-1002) on April 12, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ying Xue
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Yu Ge
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Juan Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hyung-Hwan Kim
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Xiu-Jun Ren
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Tu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Yao LH, Zhang M, Huang MC, Wan ZX, Zhang WL, Yang X, Yang MZ, Chen Y, Tang YL. [Improvement program on pretreatment of acid decalcified tissue in hematoxylin-eosin staining]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 38:297-300. [PMID: 32573138 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the treatment conditions of acid decalcified specimens and improve the poor quality of sections and unclear structure of hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining caused by the change in pH in tooth and hard tissue after acid decalcification. METHODS A total of 20 cases of oral pathological specimens that contain hard tissues were decalcified and treated with routine treatment, concentrated ammonia water immersion treatment, and saturated lithium carbonate solution immersion treatment. The quality and HE staining effects of hard tissue sections treated with different methods were compared. RESULTS Compared with routine treatment, lithium carbonate saturated solution treatment showed complete sections. Hematoxylin is strongly stained, the nucleus is clear, and the cytoplasm is bright. CONCLUSIONS Soaking acid decalcified specimens in lithium carbonate saturated solution before embedding in dehydration can neutralize the acidic environment of the tissue. The quality of sections and HE staining effect are improved and are suitable for the pretreatment of acid decalcified tissue samples of oral pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mei-Chang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zi-Xin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei-Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ming-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Pang C, Zhang X, Huang M, Xie G, Liu S, Ye X, Zhang X. Dendrobium officinalis inhibited tumor growth in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:2683-2691. [PMID: 35117627 PMCID: PMC8797906 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2020.02.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common and lethal tumor in the world, and the number of patients who die from lung cancer is growing steadily. Because of conventional chemotherapy drugs’ poor tumor selectivity, side effects are significant. Conducting relevant studies and developing highly efficient and low toxicity anti-cancer drugs are urgently needed. Dendrobium officinale, which belongs to Orchidaceae aerophyte, has the characteristic of slow growth and lower natural propagation rate. In China, Dendrobium officinale has a very high value and is often referred to as the “gold of herbs”. According to reports in the literature, the active ingredients of Dendrobium officinale have anticancer activity and inhibit neovascularization’s potential. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Dendrobium officinale in A549 lung cancer cells and its potential involvement in slowing tumor growth. Methods We cultured A549 cells and established a cancer xenograft model in nude mice. Infused stomach with Dendrobium officinale was applied to the nude mouse model. Tumor volume and body weight were recorded. Results The results show that, compared with the negative control group, the gross tumor volume (GTV) of treatment groups decreased (all P<0.05), while the effect of the high concentration of the Dendrobium officinale was more significant than that found in the medium and low group. We believe that Dendrobium officinale exhibits a promising antitumor effect in the nude mouse tumor model. The best treatment concentrations for the nude mouse tumor model were achieved when treatment with the drug began about 7–15 days, and was more significant in high concentrations. Conclusions Dendrobium officinale has potent effects of inhibiting tumor on the nude mouse tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Xiuling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Guangyuan Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Xingjiang Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Xiliu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
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Wang WY, Meng LJ, Xu YJ, Gong T, Yang Y. Effects of 4% paraformaldehyde and modified Davidson's fluid on the morphology and immunohistochemistry of Xiang pig testes. J Toxicol Pathol 2020; 33:97-104. [PMID: 32425342 PMCID: PMC7218235 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2019-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Modified Davidson’s fluid (mDF) is a good fixative for morphological and antigen
preservation. However, recent studies have shown that 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) can better
preserve the actin structure in rodent testes. It remains controversial which of these
fixatives is best for testicular tissue. This study investigated the effects of both mDF
and 4% PFA on the morphology and antigen preservation of Xiang pig testes using
hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The stronger testis
penetration of mDF compared with that of 4% PFA was primarily manifested as testicular
color change and decrease in tissue weight loss. Testes fixed with 4% PFA displayed a
severe shrinkage of both the tubular and interstitial compartments and the seminiferous
tubule area decreased by 12.02% compared with that in mDF-fixed tissues. In contrast, IHC
results showed that 4% PFA fixation achieved better IHC-positive performance than mDF
fixation for antigens specifically expressed in germ cells, Leydig cells and Sertoli
cells. Due to this improved antigen preservation by 4% PFA fixation, the relative
immunoreactions intensity significantly increased by 39.8%, 27.8%, and 76.4%,
respectively, compared with that in mDF fixation. In summary, fixation of Xiang pig testes
with mDF was suitable for HE staining, while fixation with 4% PFA was more suitable for
IHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Li-Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Yong-Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Ting Gong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, No. 515 Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025 China
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Liu XY, Xu LY, Wang YJ, Liu X, Zhao Y, Lan H, Wu Q. [Effect and mechanism of essential oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum in microemulsion gel preparation on percutaneous delivery of complex components]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:4627-4633. [PMID: 31872657 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190910.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the transdermal enhancing effect of essential oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum(Z. bungeanum oil) in microemulsion gel(ZO-ME-gel) on permeation of different components,and reveal the transdermal enhancing mechanism of ZO-ME-gel. A series of components with different log P values were selected as model drugs and encapsulated in ZO-ME-gel to simplify and characterize the complex components of traditional Chinese medicine. The transdermal behavior of the model drugs was further examined using the improved Franz diffusion cell method. Then attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) studies and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining were used to investigate the effects of Z. bungeanum oil and ZO-ME-gel on keratin,intercellular lipids and microstructure of the stratum corneum(SC). The results showed that Z. bungeanum oil and ZO-ME-gel had a good transdermal enhancing effect on both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs,and the best effect was achieved when log P value was-0. 5. The transdermal enhancing mechanism of Z. bungeanum oil and ZO-ME-gel was related to affecting the order of the SC lipids,changing lipid fluidity and protein conformation,and disrupting the integrity of the SC structure. 5% Z. bungeanum oil had greater transdermal enhancing effect and destruction of SC structure than ZO-ME-gel. These results suggested that Z. bungeanum oil loaded in microemulsion gel still had a good transdermal enhancing effect although the effect was not as great as Z. bungeanum oil itself,in addition,ZO-ME-gel was less irritating to the skin and safer to use,which had a guiding role in the development and clinical application of Z. bungeanum oil-containing traditional Chinese medicine topical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
| | - Ling-Yan Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
| | - Yong-Jie Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
| | - Hai Lan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China
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Mohd Lazaldin MA, Iezhitsa I, Agarwal R, Bakar NS, Agarwal P, Mohd Ismail N. Time- and dose-related effects of amyloid beta1-40 on retina and optic nerve morphology in rats. Int J Neurosci 2018; 128:952-965. [PMID: 29488424 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1446953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amyloid beta (Aβ) is known to contribute to the pathophysiology of retinal neurodegenerative diseases such as glaucoma. Effects of intravitreal Aβ(1-42) on retinal and optic nerve morphology in animal models have widely been studied but not those of Aβ(1-40). Hence, we evaluated the time- and dose-related effects of intravitreal Aβ(1-40) on retinal and optic nerve morphology. Since oxidative stress and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are associated with Aβ-induced neuronal damage, we also studied dose and time-related effects of Aβ(1-40) on retinal oxidative stress and BDNF levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five groups of rats were intravitreally administered with vehicle or Aβ(1-40) in doses of 1.0, 2.5, 5 and 10 nmol. Animals were sacrificed and eyes were enucleated at weeks 1, 2 and 4 post-injection. The retinae were subjected to morphometric analysis and TUNEL staining. Optic nerve sections were stained with toluidine blue and were graded for neurodegenerative effects. The estimation of BDNF and markers of oxidative stress in retina were done using ELISA technique. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS It was observed that intravitreal Aβ(1-40) causes significant retinal and optic nerve damage up to day 14 post-injection and there was increasing damage with increase in dose. However, on day 30 post-injection both the retinal and optic nerve morphology showed a trend towards normalization. The observations made for retinal cell apoptosis, retinal glutathione, superoxide dismutase activity and BDNF were in accordance with those of morphological changes with deterioration till day 14 and recovery by day 30 post-injection. The findings of this study may provide a guide for selection of appropriate experimental conditions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aizuddin Mohd Lazaldin
- a Centre For Neuroscience Research, Faculty of Medicine , Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Igor Iezhitsa
- a Centre For Neuroscience Research, Faculty of Medicine , Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor , Malaysia.,b Research Institute of Pharmacology, Volgograd State Medical University , Volgograd , Russia
| | - Renu Agarwal
- a Centre For Neuroscience Research, Faculty of Medicine , Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Nor Salmah Bakar
- a Centre For Neuroscience Research, Faculty of Medicine , Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Puneet Agarwal
- c IMU Clinical School, International Medical University , Seremban , Malaysia
| | - Nafeeza Mohd Ismail
- a Centre For Neuroscience Research, Faculty of Medicine , Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor , Malaysia
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Wei L, Wang J, Cao Y, Ren Q, Zhao L, Li X, Wang J. Hyperbaric oxygenation promotes neural stem cell proliferation and protects the learning and memory ability in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:1752-1759. [PMID: 25973064 PMCID: PMC4396307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate whether hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) was an effective therapy for neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Seven-day-old rat pups were divided into 3 groups: sham, hypoxia-ischemia (HI) control and HI-HBO group. HBO was administered for HI rats daily. The pathologic changes in brain tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining. The immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect the Nestin and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) positive cells in hippocampal dentate gyrus region. The learning and memory function of rats was examined by Morris water maze. The HI rats showed obvious pathologic changes accompanied by levels decreasing and disorder arrangement of pyramidal cells, glial cells proliferation in postoperative, and nerve nuclei broken, while pathologic changes of rats in sham group was approximate to that in the HI + HBO group that was opposite to the HI group. Compared with the sham group, the Nestin and BrdU positive cells in HBO + HI group at different time points increased significantly (P < 0.01). Learning and memory function of rats in HI group was poor compared with the sham/HI + HBO group (P < 0.01), while that in HI + HBO group was approximate to that in sham group (P > 0.05). HBO treatment improved the learning and memory ability of the HI rats. HBO therapy may be effective for neonatal HIBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wei
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Medical Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yuntao Cao
- Department of Neonatal, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical CollegeZunyi 563003, China
| | - Qing Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Medical Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
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