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Ji BC, Hsiao YP, Tsai CH, Chang SJ, Hsu SC, Liu HC, Huang YP, Lien JC, Chung JG. Cantharidin impairs cell migration and invasion of A375.S2 human melanoma cells by suppressing MMP-2 and -9 through PI3K/NF-κB signaling pathways. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:729-738. [PMID: 25667452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer patient death. Melanoma is a highly important metastasis in human cancer. Cantharidin (CTD), identified as an active component of natural mylabris (Mylabris phalerata Pallas), induces apoptosis in many human cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the anti-metastasis effects of CTD in human melanoma cancer A375.S2 cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure CTD-induced cytotoxic effects in A375.S2 cells. Wound healing assay indicated that CTD suppressed the migration of A375.S2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The Matrigel Transwell Assay was used for cell migration and invasion examination and the results showed that CTD inhibited both. Gelatin zymography was used to investigate the activities of MMP-2/9 and the results indicated that CTD inhibited the enzymatic activities of MMP-2/9 in A375.S2 cells. The protein expression of A375.S2 cells following incubation with CTD was examined by western blotting and the results showed that CTD decreased the expression of ERK1/2, PI3K, FAK, MMP-2, -9, COX-2, NF-κB p65, TIMP 1, TIMP 2, VEFG, uPA, Rho A, GRB2, ROCK-1 and Ras, but increased the expressions of p38, JNK, p-c-jun and PKC. Based on those observations, we suggest that CTD may be used as a novel anti-cancer metastasis agent of human melanoma cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Chuan Ji
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C. General Education Center, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Ping Hsiao
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Dermatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung Hung Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Jen Chang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Chun Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Chung Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jin-Cherng Lien
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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