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Gu T, Lu L, Xu W, Zeng T, Tian Y, Chen B, Chen L, Shen J, Li G. Immunopotentiators improve the antioxidant defense, apoptosis, and immune response in Shaoxing ducklings. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101641. [PMID: 35007929 PMCID: PMC8749333 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The abuse of antibiotics for agricultural purposes has been under scrutiny. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find antibiotic substitutes in animal production. The effects of chlorogenic acid, β-D-Glucan, astragalus flavone, CpG-DNA, and chicken IgG on spleen antioxidant capacity, apoptosis, and the immune response in Shaoxing ducklings were investigated in this study. The ducklings treated with β-D-Glucan, astragalus flavone, CpG-DNA, and chicken IgG showed significant reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. The five immunopotentiators facilitated caspase 3 expression and reduced Bcl2 expression in the spleen. Compared to the control group, the protein level of COX2 was significantly upregulated in the chlorogenic acid, CpG-DNA, and chicken IgG groups. The protein level of iNOS expression was significantly improved in all immunopotentiator groups, except for the astragalus flavone group. The five immunopotentiators induced IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-β, TNF-α, RIG-I, TLR3, and TLR7 gene expression. In summary, chlorogenic acid, β-D-Glucan, astragalus flavone, CpG-DNA, and chicken IgG, as immunopotentiators, improved the innate immune response in the ducklings, which not only provides a new avenue for the development of efficient approaches to prevent pathogen infections, but also offers an alternative to antibiotics in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Gu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Bindan Chen
- Zhejiang Guowei Technology Co., Ltd, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Junda Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Guoqin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
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Glavinic U, Rajkovic M, Vunduk J, Vejnovic B, Stevanovic J, Milenkovic I, Stanimirovic Z. Effects of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Extract on Honey Bees Infected with Nosema ceranae. Insects 2021; 12:915. [PMID: 34680684 DOI: 10.3390/insects12100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Nosema ceranae affects honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) causing nosemosis disease that often induces serious problems in apiculture. Antibiotic fumagillin is the only licenced treatment against nosemosis, but its effectiveness is questioned and its usage associated with risk of bee mortality and appearance of residues in bee products. In search for alternative treatment for the control of nosemosis, water crude extract of Agaricus bisporus was tested on bees in laboratory (cage) experiments. Bee survival and food consumption were monitored together with Nosema infection level and expression of five genes (abaecin, hymenoptaecin, defensin, apidaecin, and vitellogenin) were evaluated in bees sampled on days 7 and 15. Apart from the gene for defensin, the expression of all tested genes was up-regulated in bees supplemented with A. bisporus extract. Both anti-Nosema and immune protective effects of A. bisporus extract were observed when supplementation started at the moment of N. ceranae infection or preventively (before or simultaneously with the Nosema infection). Abstract Agaricus bisporus water crude extract was tested on honey bees for the first time. The first part of the cage experiment was set for selecting one concentration of the A. bisporus extract. Concentration of 200 µg/g was further tested in the second part of the experiment where bee survival and food consumption were monitored together with Nosema infection level and expression of five genes (abaecin, hymenoptaecin, defensin, apidaecin, and vitellogenin) that were evaluated in bees sampled on days 7 and 15. Survival rate of Nosema-infected bees was significantly greater in groups fed with A. bisporus-enriched syrup compared to those fed with a pure sucrose syrup. Besides, the anti-Nosema effect of A. bisporus extract was greatest when applied from the third day which coincides with the time of infection with N. ceranae. Daily food consumption did not differ between the groups indicating good acceptability and palatability of the extract. A. bisporus extract showed a stimulative effect on four out of five monitored genes. Both anti-Nosema and nutrigenomic effects of A. bisporus extract were observed when supplementation started at the moment of N. ceranae infection or preventively (before or simultaneously with the infection).
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Glavinic U, Stevanovic J, Ristanic M, Rajkovic M, Davitkov D, Lakic N, Stanimirovic Z. Potential of Fumagillin and Agaricus blazei Mushroom Extract to Reduce Nosema ceranae in Honey Bees. Insects 2021; 12:282. [PMID: 33806001 PMCID: PMC8064457 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the infection level and colony strength, Nosema ceranae, a microsporidian endoparasite of the honey bee may have significant consequences on the health, reproduction and productivity of bee colonies. Despite exerting some side effects, fumagillin is most often used for Nosema control. In this study, in a cage experiment, N. ceranae infected bees were treated with fumagillin or the extract of Agaricus blazei mushroom, a possible alternative for Nosema control. Bee survival, Nosema spore loads, the expression levels of immune-related genes and parameters of oxidative stress were observed. Fumagillin treatment showed a negative effect on monitored parameters when applied preventively to non-infected bees, while a noticeable anti-Nosema effect and protection from Nosema-induced immunosuppression and oxidative stress were proven in Nosema-infected bees. However, a protective effect of the natural A. blazei extract was detected, without any side effects but with immunostimulatory activity in the preventive application. The results of this research suggest the potential of A. blazei extract for Nosema control, which needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Glavinic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, Bul. Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.); (M.R.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jevrosima Stevanovic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, Bul. Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.); (M.R.); (Z.S.)
| | - Marko Ristanic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, Bul. Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.); (M.R.); (Z.S.)
| | - Milan Rajkovic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, Bul. Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.); (M.R.); (Z.S.)
| | - Dajana Davitkov
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nada Lakic
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Statistics, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Zoran Stanimirovic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, Bul. Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.); (M.R.); (Z.S.)
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Abdel-Rahim M, Bahattab O, Nossir F, Al-Awthan Y, Khalil RH, Mohamed R. Dietary Supplementation of Brown Seaweed and/or Nucleotides Improved Shrimp Performance, Health Status and Cold-Tolerant Gene Expression of Juvenile Whiteleg Shrimp during the Winter Season. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:175. [PMID: 33806929 PMCID: PMC8005024 DOI: 10.3390/md19030175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Sargassumpolycystum and nucleotides- supplemented diets to improve immune response and cold-tolerance of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Four treatments were evaluated: T1, the control, shrimp received only a basal diet; T2, a basal diet with 500 ppm nucleotides; T3, a basal diet with 500 ppm S.polycystum powdered; T4, a basal diet with 500 ppm nucleotides and 500 ppm S.polycystum powdered. Shrimp were fed experimental diets for 56 days. Results revealed shrimp fed T4 diet exhibited the best significant improvement in water quality, survival, growth, and feed utilization indices followed by T2, and T3, while T1 showed the worst values. Additionally, nonspecific immune responses (phagocytosis (%), lysozyme, phenoloxidase, super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total nitric oxide) were improved with 1.7-3.2-fold in T4 higher than T1. Histomorphology of hepatopancreas in T4 showed the most increased activation of the hepatic glandular duct system compared with the other treatments. Moreover, nucleotides/seaweed-supplemented diets upregulated relative expression of cMnSOD, Penaeidin4, and heat shock protein70 (HSP70) genes, while translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) was downregulated. In conclusion, the synergistic effects of both S. polycystum and nucleotides have many advantages as a growth promoter, immunostimulant, antimicrobial, and cold-tolerant stimulant to L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdel-Rahim
- Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo 21556, Egypt;
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (O.B.); (Y.A.-A.)
| | - Fatma Nossir
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Yahya Al-Awthan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (O.B.); (Y.A.-A.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen
| | - Riad H. Khalil
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt;
| | - Radi Mohamed
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
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Reyes-Becerril M, Alamillo E, Trasviña A, Hirono I, Kondo H, Jirapongpairoj W, Ascencio-Valle F, Angulo C. In vivo and in vitro studies using larval and adult antigens from Neobenedenia melleni on immune response in yellowtail (Seriola lalandi). J Fish Dis 2017; 40:1497-1509. [PMID: 28422295 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Neobenedenia melleni is a monogenean parasite that causes significant mortality and economic losses in fish aquaculture. Changes in the antigenic composition of this parasite occur during its developmental stages. In this study, we evaluated humoral parameters in serum and transcriptional immune responses of yellowtail naturally infected with N. melleni. In addition, in vitro assays were performed to study the stimulatory effects of antigens from larvae and adults on spleen leucocytes from non-infected fish at 6 and 24 h post-stimulation. The results showed enhanced total protein, myeloperoxidase and antiprotease activities in N. melleni-infected fish compared with non-infected ones. The induction of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in spleen leucocytes during natural infection with N. melleni suggests that these immune-related genes play an important role in the initiation of the immune defence mechanism for controlling parasite infection. Interestingly, the magnitude of in vitro responses of spleen leucocytes was dependent on the parasitic stage. An important stimulation of gene expression by adult antigens on spleen leucocytes was observed. Differential expression patterns of TLRs and target cytokines in yellowtail leucocytes in both in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that the quality of yellowtail immune response is conditioned by N. melleni development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology and Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico
| | - E Alamillo
- Immunology and Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico
| | - A Trasviña
- Immunology and Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico
| | - I Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - W Jirapongpairoj
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F Ascencio-Valle
- Immunology and Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico
| | - C Angulo
- Immunology and Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico
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