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Li X, Li Y, Zhang S, Gao Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Chen L. Electrochemical Lithium Deposition on Li xTi 5O 12. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:18867-18873. [PMID: 38588445 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have been regarded as one of the most promising next-generation high-energy-density storage devices. However, uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth leads to low Coulombic efficiencies and severe safety issues, hindering the commercialization of LMBs. Reducing the diffusion barrier of lithium is beneficial for uniform lithium deposition. Herein, a composite is constructed with Li4Ti5O12 as the skeleton of metallic lithium (Li@LixTi5O12) because Li4Ti5O12 is a "zero-strain" material and exhibits a low lithium diffusion barrier. It was found that the symmetric cells of Li@LixTi5O12 can stably cycle for over 400 h at 1 mA cm-2 in the carbonate electrolyte, significantly exceeding the usual lifespan (∼170 h) of the symmetric cell using a lithium metal electrode. In a full cell with Li@LixTi5O12 as the anode, the cathode LiFePO4 delivers a capacity retention of 78.2% after 550 cycles at 3.6C rate and an N/P ratio = 8.0. This study provides new insights for designing a practical lithium anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yixin Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Simeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yurui Gao
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liquan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Liu Y, Xiao K, Yang S, Sun J, Li S, Liu X, Cai D, Zhang Y, Nie H, Yang Z. Organic Electrolyte Additive: Dual Functions Toward Fast Sulfur Conversion and Stable Li Deposition for Advanced Li-S Batteries. Small 2024:e2309890. [PMID: 38420897 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is of great potential for the next generation energy storage device due to the high specific capacity energy density. However, the sluggish kinetics of S redox and the dendrite Li growth are the main challenges to hinder its commercial application. Herein, an organic electrolyte additive, i.e., benzyl chloride (BzCl), is applied as the remedy to address the two issues. In detail, BzCl can split into Bz· radical to react with the polysulfides, forming a Bz-S-Bz intermediate, which changes the conversion path of S and improves the kinetics by accelerating the S splitting. Meanwhile, a tight and robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) rich in inorganic ingredients namely LiCl, LiF, and Li2 O, is formed on the surface of Li metal, accelerating the ion conductivity and blocking the decomposition of the solvent and lithium polysulfides. Therefore, the Li-S battery with BzCl as the additive remains high capacity of 693.2 mAh g-1 after 220 cycles at 0.5 C with a low decay rate of 0.11%. This work provides a novel strategy to boost the electrochemical performances in both cathode and anode and gives a guide on the electrolyte design toward high-performance Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kuikui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jiangdong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shirui Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Dong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yinhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Huagui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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Lee S, Cho S, Choi H, Kim S, Jeong I, Lee Y, Choi T, Bae H, Kim JH, Park S. Bottom Deposition Enables Stable All-Solid-State Batteries with Ultrathin Lithium Metal Anode. Small 2024:e2311652. [PMID: 38361217 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Modern strides in energy storage underscore the significance of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) predicated on solid electrolytes and lithium (Li) metal anodes in response to the demand for safer batteries. Nonetheless, ASSBs are often beleaguered by non-uniform Li deposition during cycling, leading to compromised cell performance from internal short circuits and hindered charge transfer. In this study, the concept of "bottom deposition" is introduced to stabilize metal deposition based on the lithiophilic current collector and a protective layer composed of a polymeric binder and carbon black. The bottom deposition, wherein Li plating ensues between the protective layer and the current collector, circumvents internal short circuits and facilitates uniform volumetric changes of Li. The prepared functional binder for the protective layer presents outstanding mechanical robustness and adhesive properties, which can withstand the volume expansion caused by metal growth. Furthermore, its excellent ion transfer properties promote uniform Li bottom deposition even under a current density of 6 mA·cm-2 . Also, scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals a consistent plating/stripping morphology of Li after cycling. Consequently, the proposed system exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance when assessed within the ASSB framework, operating under a configuration marked by a high Li utilization rate reliant on an ultrathin Li.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyeop Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeen Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Insu Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesun Choi
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Energy Materials Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongyeul Bae
- Secondary Battery Materials Research Laboratory, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST), 67 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Kim
- Secondary Battery Materials Research Laboratory, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST), 67 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Energy Materials Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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Hu X, Ma Y, Qian J, Qu W, Li Y, Luo R, Wang H, Zhou A, Chen Y, Shi K, Li L, Wu F, Chen R. Self-Induced Dual-Layered Solid Electrolyte Interphase with High Toughness and High Ionic Conductivity for Ultra-Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2303710. [PMID: 37571811 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is considered as one of the most promising candidates of anode material for high-specific-energy batteries, while irreversible chemical reactions always occur on the Li surface to continuously consume active Li, electrolyte. Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer has been regarded as the key component in protecting Li metal anode. Herein, a controllable dual-layered SEI for Li metal anode in a scalable, low-loss manner is constructed. The SEI is self-induced by the predeposited LiAlO2 (LAO) layer during the initial cycles, in which the outer organic layer is produced due to the electrons tunneling through LAO, resulting in the reduction of electrolyte. The robust inner LAO layer can promote uniform Li deposition owing to its favorable mechanical strength and ionic conductivity, and the outer organic layer can further improve the stability of SEI. Benefiting from the remarkable effects of this dual-layered SEI, enhanced electrochemical performance of the LAO-Li anode is achieved. Additionally, a large-size LAO-Li sample can be easily obtained, and the preparation of the modified Li metal anode shows huge potential for large-scale production. This work highlights the tremendous potential of this self-induced dual-layered SEI for the commercialization of Li metal anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yitian Ma
- School of Materials, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ji Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Wenjie Qu
- Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai, 200245, China
| | - Yu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Rui Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huirong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Anbin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Keqing Shi
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
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5
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Jiang Z, Meng C, Zhu W, Yuan M, Chen G, Hou R, Li A, Chen X, Song H. Interfacial Anchored Sesame Ball-like Ag/C To Guide Lithium Even Plating and Stripping Behavior. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:1934-1943. [PMID: 36573627 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is a candidate anode for the next generation of high-energy density secondary batteries. Unfortunately, Li metal anodes (LMAs) are extremely reactive with electrolytes to accumulate uncontrolled dendrites and to generate unwanted parasitic electrochemical reactions. Much attention has been focused on carbon materials to address these issues. Ulteriorly, the failure mechanism investigation of lithiophilic sites on carbon materials has been not taken seriously. Herein, we design a new type of sesame ball-like carbon sphere (AgNPs@CS, an average diameter of ∼700 nm) with uniformly interfacial anchored silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which is used as the dendrite-free Li metal anode host. This anchored structure significantly enhances reversible and chemical affinity of Li, effectively inhibiting "dead Li". In addition, the protective effect of the carbon layer can avoid the damage of lithiophilic AgNPs in the carbon matrix. With a plating/striping capacity of 2 mA h cm-2, the AgNPs@CS electrode can be cycled over 2400 h at 0.5 mA cm-2. When the stripping voltage increases to 1 V, the AgNPs@CS electrode also enables excellent cycling stability to achieve over 260 cycles (1 mA cm-2, 1 mA h cm-2) and 130 cycles (2 mA cm-2, 1 mA h cm-2). This material by electrochemical characterization highlights the efficacy of this facile method for developing dendrite-free LMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applied Technology, Qinghai University, Xining810016, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Wanxiong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Man Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
| | - Huaihe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Chen Q, Hou G, Tang Y. Pulsed Current Boosts the Stability of the Lithium Metal Anode and the Improvement of Lithium-Oxygen Battery Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:50414-50423. [PMID: 36306246 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-oxygen batteries have received extensive attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity, but problems such as high charging overpotential and poor cycling performance hinder their practical application. Herein, a pulsed current, which merits its relaxation phenomenon, is applied during the charging cycle to address the abovementioned problems. Pulsed charging can not only reduce the charging overpotential, but also control the mass transfer and distribution of lithium ions. As a result, the uniform deposition of lithium ions on the anode surface is realized, the repeated rupture and formation of the solid electrolyte interphase is reduced, and the growth of the lithium dendrites is successfully suppressed, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting lithium metal from excessive consumption. When the pulsed charging duty ratio (Ton/Toff) is 1:1, after 25 cycles, the lithium-oxygen battery anode still presents a relatively flat and dense deposition surface, which is obviously better than the loose and rough surface after normal cycling. In addition, the protective effect of pulsed charging on the lithium metal anodes of lithium-oxygen batteries is also verified by the construction of other lithium-based batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zhenkai Zhou
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Guangya Hou
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Tang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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7
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Tan L, Zhou J, Ding F, Wang S, Li M, Li H, Yi C. Collaborative Assembly of a Fluorine-Enriched Heterostructured Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Ultralong-Life Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:43917-43925. [PMID: 36107732 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries have become potential high-energy storage devices because lithium metal has excellent theoretical capacity and low reduction potential. Unfortunately, the reckless growth of lithium dendrites leads to the decrease in Coulombic efficiency and the attenuation of cycle performance. Herein, we propose a collaborative assembly approach for a fluorine-enriched heterostructured solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on lithium metal to enable stable and ultralong-life lithium metal batteries. The fluorine-enriched heterostructured SEI consists of an artificial precursor substrate K2ZrF6 and an epigenetically assembled LiF layer, and the composite structure cooperatively realizes the rapid conduction of Li+ ions and inhibits the formation of lithium dendrites. Benefiting from the heterostructured SEI, the symmetric cell exhibits an ultralong-time stable cycle of more than 7000 h at a high current and capacity density (4 mA cm-2 and 4 mA h cm-2, respectively), much longer than that of the lithium cell. Besides, the LiFePO4 full battery (LFP||Li-Zr) enables substantially enhanced cyclability over 800 cycles at 1 C. This work paves the way for dendrite-free and long-life lithium metal batteries with well-balanced heterostructured SEI engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijng 100029, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liguo Tan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junjie Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijng 100029, China
| | - Siyang Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenyi Yi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Yang Z, Li M, Lu G, Wang Y, Wei J, Hu X, Li Z, Li P, Xu C. High-Performance Composite Lithium Anodes Enabled by Electronic/Ionic Dual-Conductive Paths for Solid-State Li Metal Batteries. Small 2022; 18:e2202911. [PMID: 35810467 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) promise high energy density and high safety by employing high-capacity Li metal anode and solid-state electrolytes. However, the construction of the composite Li metal electrode is a neglected but important subject when the extensive research focuses on the interface between the solid electrolyte Li6.4 La3 Zr1.4 Ta0.6 O12 and Li metal anode. Here, an electronic-ionic conducting composite Li metal anode consisting of Li-Al alloy and LiF is constructed to achieve the stable electronic-ionic transport channel and the intimate interface contact, which can realize the uniform Li deposition and the efficiency utilization of lithium in composite Li metal electrode. Therefore, the symmetric battery with composite Li metal electrode exhibits the high critical current density with 1.2 mA cm-2 and stable cycle for 1500 h at 0.3 mA cm-2 , 25 °C. Moreover, the SSLMBs matched with LiFePO4 and LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 achieve the outstanding electrochemical performance, verifying the feasibility of composite Li metal electrode in various SSLMBs systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuguang Yang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Guanjie Lu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- National University of Singapore (Chongqing) Research Institute, Chongqing, 401123, China
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zongyang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Penghua Li
- College of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Chaohe Xu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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9
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Zhang W, Xu B, Zhang L, Li W, Li S, Zhang J, Jiang G, Cui Z, Song H, Grundish N, Shi K, Zhang B, Fan Y, Pan F, Liu Q, Du L. Co 4 N-Decorated 3D Wood-Derived Carbon Host Enables Enhanced Cathodic Electrocatalysis and Homogeneous Lithium Deposition for Lithium-Sulfur Full Cells. Small 2022; 18:e2105664. [PMID: 34854562 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of sulfur conversion in the cathode and the nonuniform deposition of lithium metal at the anode result in severe capacity decay and poor cycle life for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Resolving these deficiencies is the most direct route toward achieving practical cells of this chemistry. Herein, a vertically aligned wood-derived carbon plate decorated with Co4 N nanoparticles host (Co4 N/WCP) is proposed that can serve as a host for both the sulfur cathode and the metallic lithium anode. This Co4 N/WCP electrode host drastically enhances the reaction kinetics in the sulfur cathode and homogenizes the electric field at the anode for the uniform lithium plating. Density functional theory calculations confirm the experimental observations that Co4 N/WCP provides a lower energy barrier for the polysulfide redox reaction in the cathode and a low adsorption energy for lithium deposition at the anode. Employing the Co4 N/WCP host at both electrodes in a S@Co4 N/WCP||Li@Co4 N/WCP full cell delivers a specific capacity of 807.9 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at a 1 C rate. Additional experiments are performed with high areal sulfur loading of 4 mg cm-2 to demonstrate the viability of this strategy for producing practical Li-S cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Biyi Xu
- Material Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Longhai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Shulian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Guoxing Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Song
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Nicholas Grundish
- Material Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kaixiang Shi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bingkai Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yan Fan
- Medical Devices Research & Testing Center of SCUT, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Quanbing Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Du
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
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10
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Wang M, Ren Z, Lin H, Peng Z, Li Z, Li H, Shen Y, He H, Wang D, Zheng J, Wang M. Realizing Compact Lithium Deposition via Elaborative Nucleation and Growth Regulation for Stable Lithium-Metal Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:34248-34257. [PMID: 34236167 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metallic lithium (Li) has been regarded as an ideal candidate for anode materials in next-generation high-energy-density batteries. However, a ubiquitous spongy Li deposition results in low reversibility, huge interfacial impedance, and even safety issues, hindering its practical application. Herein, we proposed a bifunctional electrolyte (BiFE) to avoid the spongy Li deposition, in which lithium nitrate (LiNO3) facilitates a uniform granular Li nucleation via forming a kinetically favorable solid electrolyte interphase and silicon dioxide (SiO2) adsorbs anions to stabilize the electric field distribution near the electrode surface. Such a BiFE provides an even Li+ ion flux for the subsequent growth of electrochemical Li deposition, which was verified by ζ potential, Raman spectra, and specific capacitance characterizations, thus realizing a compact and uniform Li deposition via elaborative nucleation and growth regulation. An improved Li Coulombic efficiency of 99.1% can be achieved within BiFE. When used in Cu∥Li half-cells and Li∥Li symmetric cells, the high Li utilization prolonged the cycling life span to above 300 cycles and 1200 h, respectively. The compact Li deposition also resisted the corrosion of polysulfides to enhance the cycling performance of Li∥S full cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqin Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhongmin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Huan Lin
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiyong He
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Deyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jieyun Zheng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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11
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Yang G, Zhang S, Weng S, Li X, Wang X, Wang Z, Chen L. Anionic Effect on Enhancing the Stability of a Solid Electrolyte Interphase Film for Lithium Deposition on Graphite. Nano Lett 2021; 21:5316-5323. [PMID: 34080870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbons and their lithium composites have been utilized as lithium deposition substrates to address issues such as the huge volume variation and dendritic growth of lithium. However, new problems have appeared, including the severe exfoliation of the graphite particles and the instability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film when metallic lithium is plated on the graphite. Herein, we enhance the stability of the SEI film on the graphite substrate for lithium deposition in an electrolyte of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) dissolved in the carbonate solvent, thereby improving the lithium plating/stripping cycle on it. The FSI- anion was found to be responsible for the formation of a compact SEI film under the lithium plating potential and could protect the graphite substrate. These findings refresh the understanding of the SEI stability and provide a suggestion on the design and development of electrolytes for the lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Simeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Suting Weng
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies Co. Ltd., Liyang 213300, Jiangsu China
| | - Zhaoxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liquan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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12
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Dong W, Wang K, Han J, Yu Y, Liu G, Li C, Tong P, Li W, Yang C, Lu Z. Regulating Lithium Electrodeposition with Laser-Structured Current Collectors for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:8417-8425. [PMID: 33587588 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) are promising electrochemical energy storage devices with high energy densities. However, the extreme reactivity of metallic lithium, the large volumetric change of the electrode during cycling, and the notorious dendrite formation issues lead to low cyclic stability and safety concerns, hindering the practical application of LMBs. In particular, the intrinsic tendency of uneven lithium deposition and the large internal electrode stress lead to the piecing of solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs), thereby resulting in fast decay of the anode. We develop a facile laser processing technique to fabricate laser-structured copper foils (LSCFs) that are able to regulate the lithium deposition kinetics and increase the cycle life of LMBs. By simply scribing commercial foils using a 355 nm laser, microstructural features with fish-scale patterns are obtained. The lithium deposition follows a drastically different mode on the LSCF compared with commercial planar copper foils which relieves the internal stress of lithium and prohibits the piecing of SEI. A high Coulombic efficiency of >96% of the lithium metal anode is maintained for over 100 cycles on the LSCF at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 and an areal capacity of 1 mAh cm-2 while the benchmark decayed to below 80% after 50 cycles. Full cells based on LiFePO4 cathodes display a reasonable specific capacity of 125 mAh g-1 over 300 cycles at a rate of 1 C. This work provides a fast yet effective laser-based approach to construct highly stable lithium metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Han
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Peifei Tong
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Yang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ziheng Lu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
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13
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Chen XR, Zhao BC, Yan C, Zhang Q. Review on Li Deposition in Working Batteries: From Nucleation to Early Growth. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2004128. [PMID: 33432664 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is one of the most promising alternative anode materials of next-generation high-energy-density batteries demanded for advanced energy storage in the coming fourth industrial revolution. Nevertheless, disordered Li deposition easily causes short lifespan and safety concerns and thus severely hinders the practical applications of Li metal batteries. Tremendous efforts are devoted to understanding the mechanism for Li deposition, while the final deposition morphology tightly relies on the Li nucleation and early growth. Here, the recent progress in insightful and influential models proposed to understand the process of Li deposition from nucleation to early growth, including the heterogeneous model, surface diffusion model, crystallography model, space charge model, and Li-SEI model, are highlighted. Inspired by the abovementioned understanding on Li nucleation and early growth, diverse anode-design strategies, which contribute to better batteries with superior electrochemical performance and dendrite-free deposition behavior, are also summarized. This work broadens the horizon for practical Li metal batteries and also sheds light on more understanding of other important metal-based batteries involving the metal deposition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bo-Chen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chong Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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14
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Gao T, Rainey C, Lu W. Piezoelectric Mechanism and a Compliant Film to Effectively Suppress Dendrite Growth. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:51448-51458. [PMID: 33140949 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show a piezoelectric mechanism that effectively suppresses dendrite growth using a compliant piezoelectric film as a separator or coating. When an electrode surface starts to lose stability upon lithium deposition, any protrusion causes film stretching, generating a local piezoelectric overpotential that suppresses deposition on the protrusion. Lithium ions thus spontaneously deposit to a flat surface. By proposing a theory that couples electrochemistry and piezoelectricity, we quantify the suppression effect and growth morphology. We find that the dendrite-suppression capability is over 5 × 105 stronger than the limit of mechanical blocking by any separators or solid-state electrolytes. Surprisingly, the mechanism ensures deposition to form a flat surface even if the initial substrate surface has significant protrusions, suggesting its robustness and effectiveness against manufacturing defects. We show that the mechanism is so strong that even a weak piezoelectric material is highly effective, opening up a wide range of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhan Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Colton Rainey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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15
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Zhang J, Shi J, Wen X, Zhao Y, Guo J. Properties of Thin Lithium Metal Electrodes in Carbonate Electrolytes with Realistic Parameters. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:32863-32870. [PMID: 32584024 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To understand the baseline performance of lithium (Li) anode in liquid electrolytes, the electrochemical and physical properties of the Li anode are studied with realistic parameters, including thin thickness (50 μm), practical areal capacity (1-4 mA h cm-2), practical areal current (0.5-2 mA cm-2), and low electrolyte/capacity ratio. Two different Li salts, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), are used to probe the effects of the electrolyte chemistry and concentration. The cycling of Li/Li symmetric cells, combined with the scanning electron microscopic investigation, demonstrates that the soft-short of Li/Li cells is induced by the continuous volume expansion of Li electrodes during cycling instead of dendrites. The volume change of a Li electrode is dictated by the depth of deposition and stripping (i.e., areal capacity) and the electrolyte/capacity ratio, with no strong correlation with the type of Li salt and concentration. On the other hand, the average Coulombic efficiency (CE) measurement demonstrates inherent correlation with the type of Li salt and its concentration in the electrolyte. Li electrode surface chemical analysis indicates that the fluoride-rich surface layer formed in the LiPF6 electrolyte can be detrimental to both CE and Li deposition-stripping overpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jiayan Shi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Wen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Juchen Guo
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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16
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Zhu Y, Meng F, Sun N, Huai L, Wang M, Ren F, Li Z, Peng Z, Huang F, Gu H, Wang D. Suppressing Sponge-Like Li Deposition via AlN-Modified Substrate for Stable Li Metal Anode. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:42261-42270. [PMID: 31657890 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sponge-like lithium (Li) deposition results in high-surface-area morphology that harmfully accelerates the side reactions between Li and electrolyte, arousing serious safety issues of next high energy density Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we propose a strategy to suppress the sponge-like Li deposition by plating Li metal on aluminum nitride (AlN)-modified substrates. For a practical Li deposition of 4 mAh cm-2 on a AlN-modified copper (Cu) electrode, the roughness and thickness of the as-deposited Li layer are only ∼10% and ∼50% of those for the Li layer deposited on bare Cu. Only based on the compacted Li deposition layer without any other protective remedies, the AlN-modified Cu electrode could provide a Li cycling life of 5 times longer than that on bare Cu, and an AlN-modified carbon felt was proved as an efficient interlayer to boost the cycling stability of Li||LiFePO4 batteries. These results demonstrate the high importance of suppressing the sponge-like Li deposition for high energy density LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Genome Institute , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Fanping Meng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Liyuan Huai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Muqin Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Feihong Ren
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Zhendong Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Feng Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
| | - Hui Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Genome Institute , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Deyu Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , China
- Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies , Liyang 213300 , China
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17
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Zhang C, Lyu R, Lv W, Li H, Jiang W, Li J, Gu S, Zhou G, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Wu J, Yang QH, Kang F. A Lightweight 3D Cu Nanowire Network with Phosphidation Gradient as Current Collector for High-Density Nucleation and Stable Deposition of Lithium. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1904991. [PMID: 31549760 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal anodes with high energy density are important for further development of next-generation batteries. However, inhomogeneous Li deposition and dendrite growth hinder their practical utilization. 3D current collectors are widely investigated to suppress dendrite growth, but they usually occupy a large volume and increase the weight of the system, hence decreasing the energy density. Additionally, the nonuniform distribution of Li ions results in low utilization of the porous structure. A lightweight, 3D Cu nanowire current collector with a phosphidation gradient is reported to balance the lithiophilicity with conductivity of the electrode. The phosphide gradient with good lithiophilicity and high ionic conductivity enables dense nucleation of Li and its steady deposition in the porous structure, realizing a high pore utilization. Specifically, the homogenous deposition of Li leads to the formation of an oriented texture on the electrode surface at high capacities. A high mass loading (≈44 wt%) of Li with a capacity of 3 mAh cm-2 and a high average Coulombic efficiency of 97.3% are achieved. A lifespan of 300 h in a symmetrical cell is obtained at 2 mA cm-2 , implying great potential to stabilize lithium metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ruiyang Lyu
- Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huan Li
- Nanoyang Group, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Wei Jiang
- Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jia Li
- Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sichen Gu
- Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhijia Huang
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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18
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Li W, Kim UH, Dolocan A, Sun YK, Manthiram A. Formation and Inhibition of Metallic Lithium Microstructures in Lithium Batteries Driven by Chemical Crossover. ACS Nano 2017; 11:5853-5863. [PMID: 28502161 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The formation of metallic lithium microstructures in the form of dendrites or mosses at the surface of anode electrodes (e.g., lithium metal, graphite, and silicon) leads to rapid capacity fade and poses grave safety risks in rechargeable lithium batteries. We present here a direct, relative quantitative analysis of lithium deposition on graphite anodes in pouch cells under normal operating conditions, paired with a model cathode material, the layered nickel-rich oxide LiNi0.61Co0.12Mn0.27O2, over the course of 3000 charge-discharge cycles. Secondary-ion mass spectrometry chemically dissects the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on extensively cycled graphite with virtually atomic depth resolution and reveals substantial growth of Li-metal deposits. With the absence of apparent kinetic (e.g., fast charging) or stoichiometric restraints (e.g., overcharge) during cycling, we show lithium deposition on graphite is triggered by certain transition-metal ions (manganese in particular) dissolved from the cathode in a disrupted SEI. This insidious effect is found to initiate at a very early stage of cell operation (<200 cycles) and can be effectively inhibited by substituting a small amount of aluminum (∼1 mol %) in the cathode, resulting in much reduced transition-metal dissolution and drastically improved cyclability. Our results may also be applicable to studying the unstable electrodeposition of lithium on other substrates, including Li metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangda Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Un-Hyuck Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrei Dolocan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yang-Kook Sun
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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19
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Xie K, Wei W, Yuan K, Lu W, Guo M, Li Z, Song Q, Liu X, Wang JG, Shen C. Toward Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition via Structural and Interfacial Synergistic Effects of 3D Graphene@Ni Scaffold. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:26091-26097. [PMID: 27617633 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its ultrahigh specific capacity and low electrochemical potential, lithium (Li) metal is regarded as one of the most attractive anode materials for next-generation lithium batteries. Nevertheless, the commercialization of Li-metal-based rechargeable batteries (LiMBs) has been retarded by the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites, as well as the resulting poor cycle stability and safety hazards. In this work, a 3D graphene@Ni scaffold has been proposed to accomplish dendrite-free Li deposition via structural and interfacial synergistic effects. Due to the intrinsic high surface area used to reduce the effective electrode current density and the surface-coated graphene working as an artificial protection layer to provide high cycle stability as well as suppress the growth of Li dendrites, the Coulombic efficiencies of Li deposition on 3D graphene@Ni foam after 100 cycles can be sustained as high as 96, 98, and 92% at the current densities of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mA cm-2, respectively, which shows more excellent cycle stability than that of its planar Cu foil and bare Ni foam counterparts. The results obtained here demonstrate that the comprehensive consideration of multiaspect factors could be more help to enhance the performance of Li metal anode so as to achieve its real application in next-generation LiMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wenfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wei Lu
- University Research Facility in Materials Characterization and Device Fabrication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | | | - Qiang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xingrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jian-Gan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072, China
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Krämer Y, Birkenmaier C, Feinauer J, Hintennach A, Bender CL, Meiler M, Schmidt V, Dinnebier RE, Schleid T. A new method for quantitative marking of deposited lithium by chemical treatment on graphite anodes in lithium-ion cells. Chemistry 2015; 21:6062-5. [PMID: 25765564 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for the marking of deposited lithium on graphite anodes from large automotive lithium-ion cells (≥6 Ah) is presented. Graphite anode samples were extracted from two different formats (cylindrical and pouch cells) of pristine and differently aged lithium-ion cells. The samples present a variety of anodes with various states of lithium deposition (also known as plating). A chemical modification was performed to metallic lithium deposited on the anode surface due to previous plating with isopropanol (IPA). After this procedure an oxygenated species was detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which later was confirmed as Li2 CO3 by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). A valuation of the covered area by Li2 CO3 was carried out with an image analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and quantitative Rietveld refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Krämer
- Deutsche ACCUmotive GmbH & Co. KG, Neue Straße 95, 73230 Kirchheim unter Teck (Germany), Fax: (+49) 711-3052-127780.
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