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Sun X, Li Y, Sun Y, Wu Q, Wang L. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in Populus simonii × P. nigra. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2748. [PMID: 38473994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Major latex proteins, or MLPs, are crucial to plants' capacity to grow, develop, and endure biotic and abiotic stresses. The MLP gene family has been found in numerous plants, but little is known about its role in Populus simonii × P. nigra. This study discovered and assessed 43 PtMLP genes that were unevenly dispersed throughout 12 chromosomes in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, gene structure, conserved motifs, and protein localization. Based on their phylogeny and protein structural characteristics, three separate subclasses of PtMLP family were identified. Segmental and tandem duplication were found to be essential variables in the expansion of the PtMLP genes. The involvement of the PtMLP genes in growth and development, as well as in the responses to different hormones and stresses, was demonstrated by cis-regulatory element prediction. The PtMLP genes showed varying expression patterns in various tissues and under different conditions (cold, salt, and drought stress), as demonstrated in RNA-Seq databases, suggesting that PsnMLP may have different functions. Following the further investigation of the genes demonstrating notable variations in expression before and after the application of three stresses, PsnMLP5 was identified as a candidate gene. Subsequent studies revealed that PsnMLP5 could be induced by ABA treatment. This study paves the way for further investigations into the MLP genes' functional mechanisms in response to abiotic stressors, as well as the ways in which they can be utilized in poplar breeding for improved stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
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Li J, Zeng R, Huang Z, Gao H, Liu S, Gao Y, Yao S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, Chen T. Genome-wide characterization of major latex protein gene family in peanut and expression analyses under drought and waterlogging stress. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1152824. [PMID: 37143875 PMCID: PMC10151671 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1152824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Peanut is an important oilseed crop around the world which provides vegetable oil, protein and vitamins for humans. Major latex-like proteins (MLPs) play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their biological function in peanut is still unclear. In this study, a genome-wide identification of MLP genes in cultivated peanut and two diploid ancestor species was analyzed to determine their molecular evolutionary characteristics and the expression profile under drought and waterlogging stress conditions. Firstly, a total of 135 MLP genes were identified from the genome of tetraploid peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and two diploid species Arachis. duranensis and Arachis. ipaensis. Then, phylogenetic analysis revealed that MLP proteins were divided into five different evolutionary groups. These genes were distributed unevenly at the ends of chromosomes 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 in three Arachis species. The evolution of MLP gene family in peanut was conserved and led by tandem and segmental duplication. The prediction analysis of cis-acting elements showed that the promoter region of peanut MLP genes contained different proportions of transcription factors, plant hormones-responsive elements and so on. The expression pattern analysis showed that they were differentially expressed under waterlogging and drought stress. These results of this study provide a foundation for further research on the function of the important MLP genes in peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lei Zhang
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang, ; Tingting Chen,
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Nawrot R, Warowicka A, Rudzki PJ, Musidlak O, Dolata KM, Musijowski J, Stolarczyk EU, Goździcka-Józefiak A. Combined Protein and Alkaloid Research of Chelidonium majus Latex Reveals CmMLP1 Accompanied by Alkaloids with Cytotoxic Potential to Human Cervical Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111838. [PMID: 34769268 PMCID: PMC8584587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chelidonium majus L. is a latex-bearing plant used in traditional folk medicine to treat human papillomavirus (HPV)-caused warts, papillae, and condylomas. Its latex and extracts are rich in many low-molecular compounds and proteins, but there is little or no information on their potential interaction. We describe the isolation and identification of a novel major latex protein (CmMLP1) composed of 147 amino acids and present a model of its structure containing a conserved hydrophobic cavity with high affinity to berberine, 8-hydroxycheleritrine, and dihydroberberine. CmMLP1 and the accompanying three alkaloids were present in the eluted chromatographic fractions of latex. They decreased in vitro viability of human cervical cancer cells (HPV-negative and HPV-positive). We combined, for the first time, research on macromolecular and low-molecular-weight compounds of latex-bearing plants in contrast to other studies that investigated proteins and alkaloids separately. The observed interaction between latex protein and alkaloids may influence our knowledge on plant defense. The proposed toolbox may help in further understanding of plant disease resistance and in pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nawrot
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (O.M.); (K.M.D.); (A.G.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-829-5931
| | - Alicja Warowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Józef Rudzki
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Rydygiera Street 8, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.R.); (J.M.); (E.U.S.)
| | - Oskar Musidlak
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (O.M.); (K.M.D.); (A.G.-J.)
| | - Katarzyna Magdalena Dolata
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (O.M.); (K.M.D.); (A.G.-J.)
| | - Jacek Musijowski
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Rydygiera Street 8, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.R.); (J.M.); (E.U.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Urszula Stolarczyk
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Rydygiera Street 8, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.R.); (J.M.); (E.U.S.)
| | - Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (O.M.); (K.M.D.); (A.G.-J.)
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Yang CL, Liang S, Wang HY, Han LB, Wang FX, Cheng HQ, Wu XM, Qu ZL, Wu JH, Xia GX. Cotton major latex protein 28 functions as a positive regulator of the ethylene responsive factor 6 in defense against Verticillium dahliae. Mol Plant 2015; 8:399-411. [PMID: 25704161 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we identified a defense-related major latex protein (MLP) from upland cotton (designated GhMLP28) and investigated its functional mechanism. GhMLP28 transcripts were ubiquitously present in cotton plants, with higher accumulation in the root. Expression of the GhMLP28 gene was induced by Verticillium dahliae inoculation and was responsive to defense signaling molecules, including ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid. Knockdown of GhMLP28 expression by virus-induced gene silencing resulted in increased susceptibility of cotton plants to V. dahliae infection, while ectopic overexpression of GhMLP28 in tobacco improved the disease tolerance of the transgenic plants. Further analysis revealed that GhMLP28 interacted with cotton ethylene response factor 6 (GhERF6) and facilitated the binding of GhERF6 to GCC-box element. Transient expression assay demonstrated that GhMLP28 enhanced the transcription factor activity of GhERF6, which led to the augmented expression of some GCC-box genes. GhMLP28 proteins were located in both the nucleus and cytoplasm and their nuclear distribution was dependent on the presence of GhERF6. Collectively, these results demonstrate that GhMLP28 acts as a positive regulator of GhERF6, and synergetic actions of the two proteins may contribute substantially to protection against V. dahliae infection in cotton plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Yang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan Liang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hai-Yun Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li-Bo Han
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fu-Xin Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huan-Qing Cheng
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhan-Liang Qu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jia-He Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Gui-Xian Xia
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Beijing 100101, China.
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Chruszcz M, Ciardiello MA, Osinski T, Majorek KA, Giangrieco I, Font J, Breiteneder H, Thalassinos K, Minor W. Structural and bioinformatic analysis of the kiwifruit allergen Act d 11, a member of the family of ripening-related proteins. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:794-803. [PMID: 23969108 PMCID: PMC3783527 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The allergen Act d 11, also known as kirola, is a 17 kDa protein expressed in large amounts in ripe green and yellow-fleshed kiwifruit. Ten percent of all kiwifruit-allergic individuals produce IgE specific for the protein. Using X-ray crystallography, we determined the first three-dimensional structures of Act d 11, produced from both recombinant expression in Escherichia coli and from the natural source (kiwifruit). While Act d 11 is immunologically correlated with the birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and other members of the pathogenesis-related protein family 10 (PR-10), it has low sequence similarity to PR-10 proteins. By sequence Act d 11 appears instead to belong to the major latex/ripening-related (MLP/RRP) family, but analysis of the crystal structures shows that Act d 11 has a fold very similar to that of Bet v 1 and other PR-10 related allergens regardless of the low sequence identity. The structures of both the natural and recombinant protein include an unidentified ligand, which is relatively small (about 250 Da by mass spectrometry experiments) and most likely contains an aromatic ring. The ligand-binding cavity in Act d 11 is also significantly smaller than those in PR-10 proteins. The binding of the ligand, which we were not able to unambiguously identify, results in conformational changes in the protein that may have physiological and immunological implications. Interestingly, the residue corresponding to Glu45 in Bet v 1 (Glu46), which is important for IgE binding to the birch pollen allergen, is conserved in Act d 11, even though it is not in other allergens with significantly higher sequence identity to Bet v 1. We suggest that the so-called Gly-rich loop (or P-loop), which is conserved in all PR-10 allergens, may be responsible for IgE cross-reactivity between Bet v 1 and Act d 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,Corresponding authors: Maksymilian Chruszcz (), Wladek Minor (), MC: Phone: +1-803-777-7399; Fax +1-803-777-9521, WM: Phone: +1-434-243-6865; Fax: +1-434-982-1616
| | | | - Tomasz Osinski
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Karolina A. Majorek
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ivana Giangrieco
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, C.N.R., Via Pietro Castellino 111, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Jose Font
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, AKH-EBO-3Q, Vienna, 1090 Austria
| | - Konstantinos Thalassinos
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Wladek Minor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,Corresponding authors: Maksymilian Chruszcz (), Wladek Minor (), MC: Phone: +1-803-777-7399; Fax +1-803-777-9521, WM: Phone: +1-434-243-6865; Fax: +1-434-982-1616
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