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Lérida-Viso A, Estepa-Fernández A, García-Fernández A, Martí-Centelles V, Martínez-Máñez R. Biosafety of mesoporous silica nanoparticles; towards clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115049. [PMID: 37573951 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted the attention of chemists, who have developed numerous systems for the encapsulation of a plethora of molecules, allowing the use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for biomedical applications. MSNs have been extensively studied for their use in nanomedicine, in applications such as drug delivery, diagnosis, and bioimaging, demonstrating significant in vivo efficacy in different preclinical models. Nevertheless, for the transition of MSNs into clinical trials, it is imperative to understand the characteristics that make MSNs effective and safe. The biosafety properties of MSNs in vivo are greatly influenced by their physicochemical characteristics such as particle shape, size, surface modification, and silica framework. In this review, we compile the most relevant and recent progress in the literature up to the present by analyzing the contributions on biodistribution, biodegradability, and clearance of MSNs. Furthermore, the ongoing clinical trials and the potential challenges related to the administration of silica materials for advanced therapeutics are discussed. This approach aims to provide a solid overview of the state-of-the-art in this field and to encourage the translation of MSNs to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Lérida-Viso
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106 Torre A 7ª planta. 46026, Valencia, Spain; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3. 46012, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Alejandra Estepa-Fernández
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3. 46012, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Alba García-Fernández
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3. 46012, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València, IIS La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106 Torre A 7ª planta. 46026, Valencia, Spain; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3. 46012, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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Cheng Y, Tao J, Zhang Y, Xi L, Han R, Xu M, Lee SMY, Ge W, Gan Y, Zheng Y. Shape and Shear Stress Impact on the Toxicity of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37167021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are widely used in the biomedical field because of their unique and excellent properties. However, the potential toxicity of different shaped MSNs via injection has not been fully studied. This study aims to systematically explore the impact of shape and shear stress on the toxicity of MSNs after injection. An in vitro blood flow model was developed to investigate the cytotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms of spherical MSNs (S-MSN) and rodlike MSNs (R-MSN) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results suggested that the interactions between MSNs and HUVECs under the physiological flow conditions were significantly different from that under static conditions. Whether under static or flow conditions, R-MSN showed better cellular uptake and less oxidative damage than S-MSN. The main mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by R-MSN was due to shear stress-dependent mechanical damage of the cell membrane, while the toxicity of S-MSN was attributed to mechanical damage and oxidative damage. The addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) alleviated the toxicity of S-MSN by reducing cellular uptake and oxidative stress under static and flow conditions. Moreover, the in vivo results showed that both S-MSN and R-MSN caused cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish and mouse models due to the high shear stress, especially in the heart. S-MSN led to severe oxidative damage at the accumulation site, such as liver, spleen, and lung in mice, while R-MSN did not cause significant oxidative stress. The results of in vitro blood flow and in vivo models indicated that particle shape and shear stress are crucial to the biosafety of MSNs, providing new evidence for the toxicity mechanisms of the injected MSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jinsong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Long Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Run Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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3
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Fang L, Zhou H, Cheng L, Wang Y, Liu F, Wang S. The application of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a drug delivery vehicle in oral disease treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1124411. [PMID: 36864881 PMCID: PMC9971568 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1124411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) hold promise as safer and more effective medication delivery vehicles for treating oral disorders. As the drug's delivery system, MSNs adapt to effectively combine with a variety of medications to get over systemic toxicity and low solubility issues. MSNs, which operate as a common nanoplatform for the co-delivery of several compounds, increase therapy effectiveness and show promise in the fight against antibiotic resistance. MSNs offer a noninvasive and biocompatible platform for delivery that produces long-acting release by responding to minute stimuli in the cellular environmen. MSN-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of periodontitis, cancer, dentin hypersensitivity, and dental cavities have recently been developed as a result of recent unparalleled advancements. The applications of MSNs to be embellished by oral therapeutic agents in stomatology are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Fang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huoxiang Zhou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI) College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Liu, ; Suping Wang,
| | - Suping Wang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Liu, ; Suping Wang,
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Wang X, Zheng M, Raza F, Liu Y, Wei Y, Qiu M, Su J. Recent Developments in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Tumor Theranostic Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:151-164. [PMID: 34766889 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666211111152839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to the advantages of adjustable pore size, easy surface modification, high biocompatibility, and so on, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted lots of attention. And they are widely used in the fields of biology and medicine research, mostly focusing on drug and gene delivery and bioimaging. This review introduces several commonly used synthetic methods of MSNs and the latest progress of MSNs in tumor therapy and diagnosis, mainly including the study about modified MSNs as drug carriers and the application of MSNs in bioimaging. The deficiencies of MSNs' application and prospects for its future clinical transformation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mengyuan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Faizal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiqi Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Balmori A, Sandu R, Gheorghe D, Botea-Petcu A, Precupas A, Tanasescu S, Sánchez-García D, Borrós S. Revising Protein Corona Characterization and Combining ITC and Nano-DSC to Understand the Interaction of Proteins With Porous Nanoparticles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:650281. [PMID: 34708023 PMCID: PMC8542777 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.650281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure of nanoparticles (NPs) to biological fluids leads to the formation of a protein coating that is known as protein corona (PC). Since PC formation is influenced by the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles, the understanding of the interplay of the factors that participate in this process is crucial for the development of nanomaterials as cell-targeted delivery vehicles. In general, it is accepted that the PC formation is a complex and dynamic process, which depends on the composition of the medium and the properties of the NP mainly size, shape, and superficial charge. Interestingly, although the interaction between the protein and the NP is essentially a superficial phenomenon, the influence of the roughness of the nanoparticle surface has been scarcely studied. In this work, the influence of superficial roughness and porosity has been studied with the aid of nanodifferential scanning calorimetry (nano-DSC) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as an NP model. The interaction process of the proteins with the NP surface was analyzed by ITC measurements, while the stability and denaturation of the proteins was monitored by nano-DSC. Thanks to the complementarity of these two techniques, a more complete insight into the PC formation on the pores has been accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Balmori
- Grup D'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romica Sandu
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Gheorghe
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Botea-Petcu
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurica Precupas
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - David Sánchez-García
- Grup D'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup D'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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Martinez-Erro S, Navas F, Romaní-Cubells E, Fernández-García P, Morales V, Sanz R, García-Muñoz RA. Kidney-Protector Lipidic Cilastatin Derivatives as Structure-Directing Agents for the Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7968. [PMID: 34360733 PMCID: PMC8348040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanomaterials have emerged as promising vehicles in controlled drug delivery systems due to their ability to selectively transport, protect, and release pharmaceuticals in a controlled and sustained manner. One drawback of these drug delivery systems is their preparation procedure that usually requires several steps including the removal of the structure-directing agent (surfactant) and the later loading of the drug into the porous structure. Herein, we describe the preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, as drug delivery systems from structure-directing agents based on the kidney-protector drug cilastatin in a simple, fast, and one-step process. The concept of drug-structure-directing agent (DSDA) allows the use of lipidic derivatives of cilastatin to direct the successful formation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The inherent pharmacological activity of the surfactant DSDA cilastatin-based template permits that the MSNs can be directly employed as drug delivery nanocarriers, without the need of extra steps. MSNs thus synthesized have shown good sphericity and remarkable textural properties. The size of the nanoparticles can be adjusted by simply selecting the stirring speed, time, and aging temperature during the synthesis procedure. Moreover, the release experiments performed on these materials afforded a slow and sustained drug release over several days, which illustrates the MSNs potential utility as drug delivery system for the cilastatin cargo kidney protector. While most nanotechnology strategies focused on combating the different illnesses this methodology emphasizes on reducing the kidney toxicity associated to cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rafael A. García-Muñoz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University (URJC), C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.-E.); (F.N.); (E.R.-C.); (P.F.-G.); (V.M.); (R.S.)
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Gao Y, Gao D, Shen J, Wang Q. A Review of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle Delivery Systems in Chemo-Based Combination Cancer Therapies. Front Chem 2020; 8:598722. [PMID: 33330389 PMCID: PMC7732422 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.598722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an important anti-tumor treatment in clinic to date, however, the effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy is limited by its poor selectivity, high systemic toxicity, and multidrug resistance. In recent years, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have become exciting drug delivery systems (DDS) due to their unique advantages, such as easy large-scale production, adjustable uniform pore size, large surface area and pore volumes. While mesoporous silica-based DDS can improve chemotherapy to a certain extent, when used in combination with other cancer therapies MSN based chemotherapy exhibits a synergistic effect, greatly improving therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we discuss the applications of MSN DDS for a diverse range of chemotherapeutic combination anti-tumor therapies, including phototherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy and other less common modalities. Furthermore, we focus on the characteristics of each nanomaterial and the synergistic advantages of the combination therapies. Lastly, we examine the challenges and future prospects of MSN based chemotherapeutic combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongruo Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Salinas Y, Brüggemann O, Monkowius U, Teasdale I. Visible Light Photocleavable Ruthenium-Based Molecular Gates to Reversibly Control Release from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10061030. [PMID: 32481603 PMCID: PMC7352806 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present hybrid mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSN) with visible light-sensitive ruthenium complexes acting as gates. Two different [Ru(bpy)2L1L2]2+ complexes were investigated by grafting [Ru(bpy)2(4AMP)2](PF6)2 (RC1) and [Ru(bpy)2(PPh3)Cl]Cl (RC2) via two or one ligands onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), to give MSN1-RC1 and MSN2-RC2, respectively. The pores were previously loaded with a common dye, safranin O, and release studies were conducted. The number and position of the ligands were shown to influence the photocages behavior and thus the release of the cargo. Release studies from MSN1-RC1 in acetonitrile showed that in the dark the amount of dye released was minimal after 300 min, whereas a significant increase was measured upon visible light irradiation (ca. 90%). While successful as a photochemically-controlled gated system, RC1 was restricted to organic solvents since it required cleavage of two ligands in order to be cleaved from the surface, and in water only one is cleaved. Release studies from the second nanomaterial MSN2-RC2, where the complex RC2 was bound to the MSN via only one ligand, showed stability under darkness and in aqueous solution up to 180 min and, rapid release of the dye when irradiated with visible light. Furthermore, this system was demonstrated to be reversible, since, upon heating to 80 °C, the system could effectively re-close the pores and re-open it again upon visible light irradiation. This work, thus, demonstrates the potential reversible gate mechanism of the ruthenium-gated nanomaterials upon visible light irradiation, and could be envisioned as a future design of photochemically-driven drug delivery nanosystems or on/off switches for nanorelease systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Salinas
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (O.B.); (I.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-732-2468-9075
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (O.B.); (I.T.)
| | - Uwe Monkowius
- Linz School of Education, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria;
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (O.B.); (I.T.)
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Yu T, Wang Y, Cai Q, Wu L. Efficacy of Ca 2+- or PO 4 3--conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles on dentinal tubule occlusion: an in-vitro assessment. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:173. [PMID: 32309320 PMCID: PMC7154387 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Maintaining a long-term biological effect of dental materials on dentinal tubule occlusion is one of the great technical challenges in dental clinics. In addition to physical treatment, chemical treatment to produce insoluble precipitates to seal dentinal tubules has been used. As dentin is mostly composed of calcium and phosphate complexes, in this study, we have developed a novel tubule-occluding material [Ca2+/PO43−@mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)] by separately conjugating either Ca2+ or PO43− with MSNs. Methods The shape and structure of the MSNs were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface morphology and chemical compositions of Ca2+@MSNs/PO43−@MSNs and Ca2+/PO43−@MSNs were examined using SEM and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The element distribution of Ca2+/PO43−@MSNs was detected using energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The sustained release ability of Ca2+@MSNs/PO43−@MSNs was detected using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The efficacy of Ca2+/PO43−@MSNs on dentinal tubule sealing was evaluated using SEM, and the results were analyzed by Image-Pro software to determine the best water-powder ratio. We also compared the sealing efficacy between Ca2+/PO43−@MSNs and NovaMin, which is currently used in clinics, under the simulated conditions of oral acidic corrosion and mechanical friction. Results Ca2+/PO43−@MSNs are a new type of tubule-occluding material with sustained release properties. The ratio of Ca2+@MSNs: PO43−@MSNs: H2O =0.015 g: 0.015 g: 150 µL exhibited an excellent sealing effect on dentinal tubules as well as resistance to oral acid corrosion and daily oral friction. Conclusions The novel dental material Ca2+/PO43−@MSNs demonstrates potential long-term effectiveness in sealing dentinal tubules and reducing dentin sensitivity, which is one of the most important problems in dental clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjia Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Cai
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110002, China
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Li X, He G, Jin H, Tao J, Li X, Zhai C, Luo Y, Liu X. Dual-Therapeutics-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Applied for Breast Tumor Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:46497-46503. [PMID: 31738505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A material that possesses high loading efficiency (in terms of delivering small molecular drugs, nucleic acids, peptides, and proteins) has various medical applications, such as in tumor diagnosis and gene therapy or chemotherapy of tumors. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are ideal nanocarriers for constructing drug delivery systems because of the unique mesoporous channels for encapsulation and the sustainable release of anticancer drugs. Herein, we demonstrate a doxorubicin (DOX)-peptides double-loaded and -response nanodrug (DMK nanoplatforms) as a multifunctional nanoplatform for chemotherapy of tumors. The nanoparticles are prepared by a surface modification strategy. The KLAK and DOX release in an acidic/reductive tumor microenvironment, which efficiently penetrate cell nuclei and generate the antitumor effect. Our study provides a new approach for developing a smart drug delivery nanosystem, particularly for peptides-guided pH-sensitive chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery, Nanjing Pukou Hospital , The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , 18 Puyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210031 , P.R. China
| | - Gao He
- Breast Disease Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , 300 Guangzhou Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210029 , P.R. China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery , The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University , 30 Tongyang North Road , Nantong , Jiangsu 226361 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery, Nanjing Pukou Hospital , The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , 18 Puyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210031 , P.R. China
| | - Xinping Li
- Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery, Nanjing Pukou Hospital , The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , 18 Puyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210031 , P.R. China
| | - Changyuan Zhai
- Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery, Nanjing Pukou Hospital , The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , 18 Puyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210031 , P.R. China
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 1239 Siping Road , Shanghai 200092 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- Breast Disease Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , 300 Guangzhou Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210029 , P.R. China
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11
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Chen NT, Barth ED, Lee TH, Chen CT, Epel B, Halpern HJ, Lo LW. Highly sensitive electron paramagnetic resonance nanoradicals for quantitative intracellular tumor oxymetric images. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2963-2971. [PMID: 31118615 PMCID: PMC6503311 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s194779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Tumor oxygenation is a critical parameter influencing the efficacy of cancer therapy. Low levels of oxygen in solid tumor have been recognized as an indicator of malignant progression and metastasis, as well as poor response to chemo- and radiation therapy. Being able to measure oxygenation for an individual's tumor would provide doctors with a valuable way of identifying optimal treatments for patients. Methods: Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) in combination with an oxygen-measuring paramagnetic probe was performed to measure tumor oxygenation in vivo. Triarylmethyl (trityl) radical exhibits high specificity, sensitivity, and resolution for quantitative measurement of O2 concentration. However, its in vivo applications in previous studies have been limited by the required high dosage, its short half-life, and poor intracellular permeability. To address these limitations, we developed high-capacity nanoformulated radicals that employed fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled mesoporous silica nanoparticles (FMSNs) as trityl radical carriers. The high surface area nanostructure and easy surface modification of physiochemical properties of FMSNs enable efficient targeted delivery of highly concentrated, nonself-quenched trityl radicals, protected from environmental degradation and dilution. Results: We successfully designed and synthesized a tumor-targeted nanoplatform as a carrier for trityl. In addition, the nanoformulated trityl does not affect oxygen-sensing capacity by a self-relaxation or broadening effect. The FMSN-trityl exhibited high sensitivity/response to oxygen in the partial oxygen pressure range from 0 to 155 mmHg. Furthermore, MSN-trityl displayed outstanding intracellular oxygen mapping in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Conclusion: The highly sensitive nanoformulated trityl spin probe can profile intracellular oxygen distributions of tumor in a real-time and quantitative manner using in vivo EPRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Tzu Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Eugene D Barth
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tsung-Hsi Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Boris Epel
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Howard J Halpern
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Center for EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Leu-Wei Lo
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
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12
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Chu CH, Cheng SH, Chen NT, Liao WN, Lo LW. Microwave-Synthesized Platinum-Embedded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Dual-Modality Contrast Agents: Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1560. [PMID: 30925712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based imaging contrast agents have drawn tremendous attention especially in multi-modality imaging. In this study, we developed mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for use as dual-modality contrast agents for computed tomography (CT) and near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging (OI). A microwave synthesis for preparing naked platinum nanoparticles (nPtNPs) on MSNs (MSNs-Pt) was developed and characterized with physicochemical analysis and imaging systems. The high density of nPtNPs on the surface of the MSNs could greatly enhance the CT contrast. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed the MSNs-Pt compositions to be ~14% Pt by weight and TEM revealed an average particle diameter of ~50 nm and covered with ~3 nm diameter nPtNPs. To enhance the OI contrast, the NIR fluorescent dye Dy800 was conjugated to the MSNs-Pt nanochannels. The fluorescence spectra of MSNs-Pt-Dy800 were very similar to unconjugated Dy800. The CT imaging demonstrated that even modest degrees of Pt labeling could result in substantial X-ray attenuation. In vivo imaging of breast tumor-bearing mice treated with PEGylated MSNs-Pt-Dy800 (PEG-MSNs-Pt-Dy800) showed significantly improved contrasts in both fluorescence and CT imaging and the signal intensity within the tumor retained for 24 h post-injection.
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13
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Nigro A, Pellegrino M, Greco M, Comandè A, Sisci D, Pasqua L, Leggio A, Morelli C. Dealing with Skin and Blood-Brain Barriers: The Unconventional Challenges of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E250. [PMID: 30513731 PMCID: PMC6320758 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology for drug delivery are fostering significant progress in medicine and diagnostics. The multidisciplinary nature of the nanotechnology field encouraged the development of innovative strategies and materials to treat a wide range of diseases in a highly specific way, which allows reducing the drug dosage and, consequently, improving the patient's compliance. Due to their good biocompatibility, easy synthesis, and high versatility, inorganic frameworks represent a valid tool to achieve this aim. In this context, Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) are emerging in the biomedical field. For their ordered porosity and high functionalizable surface, achievable with an inexpensive synthesis process and being non-hazardous to biological tissues, MSNs offer ideal solutions to host, protect, and transport drugs to specific target sites. Extensive literature exists on the use of MSNs as targeted vehicles for systemic (chemo) therapy and for imaging/diagnostic purposes. However, the aim of this review is to give an overview of the last updates on the potential applications of the MSNs for Topical Drug Delivery (TDD) and as drug delivery systems into the brain, discussing their performances and advantages in dealing with these intriguing biological barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Nigro
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Marianna Greco
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Comandè
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Diego Sisci
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Luigi Pasqua
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Antonella Leggio
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Catia Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
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14
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Qiu K, Chen B, Nie W, Zhou X, Feng W, Wang W, Chen L, Mo X, Wei Y, He C. Electrophoretic Deposition of Dexamethasone-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles onto Poly(L-Lactic Acid)/Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:4137-48. [PMID: 26736029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of microcarriers as drug delivery vehicles into polymeric scaffold for bone regeneration has aroused increasing interest. In this study, the aminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs-NH2) were prepared and used as microcarriers for dexamethasone (DEX) loading. Poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLLA/PCL) nanofibrous scaffold was fabricated via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and served as template, onto which the drug-loaded MSNs-NH2 nanoparticles were deposited by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The physicochemical and release properties of the prepared scaffolds (DEX@MSNs-NH2/PLLA/PCL) were examined, and their osteogenic activities were also evaluated through in vitro and in vivo studies. The release of DEX from the scaffolds revealed an initial rapid release followed by a slower and sustained one. The in vitro results indicated that the DEX@MSNs-NH2/PLLA/PCL scaffold exhibited good biocompatibility to rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Also, BMSCs cultured on the DEX@MSNs-NH2/PLLA/PCL scaffold exhibited a higher degree of osteogenic differentiation than those cultured on PLLA/PCL and MSNs-NH2/PLLA/PCL scaffolds, in terms of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized matrix formation, and osteocalcin (OCN) expression. Furthermore, the in vivo results in a calvarial defect model of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats demonstrated that the DEX@MSNs-NH2/PLLA/PCL scaffold could significantly promote calvarial defect healing compared with the PLLA/PCL scaffold. Thus, the EPD technique provides a convenient way to incorporate osteogenic agents-containing microcarriers to polymer scaffold, and thus, prepared composite scaffold could be a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering application due to its capacity for delivery of osteogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wei Nie
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Weizhong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Liang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Youzhen Wei
- Reserch Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University , Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chuanglong He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
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15
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Yi Z, Hussain HI, Feng C, Sun D, She F, Rookes JE, Cahill DM, Kong L. Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles with redox-responsive short-chain gatekeepers for agrochemical delivery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:9937-46. [PMID: 25902154 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The controlled release of salicylic acid (SA), a key phytohormone, was mediated by using a novel decanethiol gatekeeper system grafted onto mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The decanethiol was conjugated only to the external surfaces of the MSNs through glutathione (GSH)-cleavable disulfide linkages and the introduction of a process to assemble gatekeepers only on the outer surface so that the mesopore area can be maintained for high cargo loading. Raman and nitrogen sorption isotherm analyses confirmed the successful linkage of decanethiol to the surface of MSNs. The in vitro release of SA from decanethiol gated MSNs indicated that the release rate of SA in an environment with a certain amount of GSH was significantly higher than that without GSH. More importantly, in planta experiments showed the release of SA from decanethiol gated MSNs by GSH induced sustained expression of the plant defense gene PR-1 up to 7 days after introduction, while free SA caused an early peak in PR-1 expression which steadily decreased after 3 days. This study demonstrates the redox-responsive release of a phytohormone in vitro and also indicates the potential use of MSNs in planta as a controlled agrochemical delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yi
- †Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Hashmath I Hussain
- ‡Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Chunfang Feng
- †Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Dequan Sun
- ‡Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Fenghua She
- †Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - James E Rookes
- ‡Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - David M Cahill
- ‡Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Lingxue Kong
- †Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
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16
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Chen X, Zhouhua W, Jie Z, Xinlu F, Jinqiang L, Yuwen Q, Zhiying H. Renal interstitial fibrosis induced by high-dose mesoporous silica nanoparticles via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 10:1-22. [PMID: 25565800 PMCID: PMC4275059 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s73538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the nephrotoxicity induced by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) is closely related to inflammation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a common rapid transcription factor associated with inflammation, plays an important role in the process of many kidney diseases. Acute toxicity assessment with a high-dose exposure is critical for the development of nanoparticle, as a part of standardized procedures for the evaluation of their toxicity. The present study was undertaken to observe the acute toxicity, predict the potential target organs of MSNs injury, and test the hypothesis that the NF-κB pathway plays a role in mediating the acute kidney injury and renal interstitial fibrosis in mice induced by MSNs. Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with MSNs at concentrations of 150, 300, or 600 mg/kg. All of the animals were euthanized 2 and 12 days after exposure, and the blood and kidney tissues were collected for further studies. In vitro, the cytotoxicity, fibrosis markers, and NF-κB pathway were measured in a normal rat kidney cell line (NRK-52E). Acute kidney injury was induced by MSNs in mice after 2 days, some renal tubules regenerated and renal interstitial fibrosis was also observed. The expression of fibrosis markers and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in the kidney homogenates increased after exposure to MSNs. The in vitro study showed that MSNs cause cytotoxicity in NRK-52E cells and increased the expression of fibrosis markers. In addition, the NF-κB pathway could be induced, and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway could alleviate the fibrosis caused by MSNs. We conclude that inflammation is a major effector of the acute kidney toxicity induced by MSNs and results in renal interstitial fibrosis, which is mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Zhouhua
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Jie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Xinlu
- Center of Laboratory Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Jinqiang
- Center of Laboratory Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Yuwen
- Center of Laboratory Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Zhiying
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Center of Laboratory Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Lin YC, Lin LY, Gao MY, Fang YP. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles synthesized from liquid crystal display manufacturing extracts as a potential candidate for a drug delivery carrier: evaluation of their safety and biocompatibility. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:3833-42. [PMID: 24143088 PMCID: PMC3798147 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s50991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized as a promising drug delivery carrier due to the large surface area and porous characteristics. Our previous study successfully recycled wastes from the liquid crystal display (LCD) industry as the silica precursor. In this study, we substantiated the possibility of applying this material as a drug carrier. MSNs synthesized from the extraction of wastes from the manufacture of LCD panels were characterized as having an average diameter of 100 nm, a surface area of 788 m2/g, a uniform pore size distribution of 3.8 nm, and a pore volume of up to 1.04 cm3/g. Methotrexate and camptothecin were entrapped in MSNs at about 33.88% and 75.12%, respectively. The cell viability assay demonstrated that MSNs at 1 μg/mL had no significant influence on human lung fibroblast (WI-38) cells or ovarian cancer (ES-2) cells. A lactate dehydrogenase assay also indicated no inflammation occurred. Moreover, a hemolytic erythrocyte test indicated that the dose range of <100 μg/mL showed that 5% of erythrocytes were affected. After exposure to biofluids, the ordered structure was slightly degraded. The results revealed that MSNs synthesized from extraction of wastes from the manufacture of LCD panels had a good entrapment capacity for hydrophobic drugs and controllable safety conditions; they may be applied as a drug delivery carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University, Taiwan
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Abstract
Despite the fact that pathogenic infections are widely treated by antibiotics in the clinic nowadays, the increasing risk of multidrug-resistance associated with abuse of antibiotics is becoming a major concern in global public health. The increased death toll caused by pathogenic bacterial infection calls for effective antibiotic alternatives. Lysozyme-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs⊂Lys) are reported as antibacterial agents that exhibit efficient antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo with low cytotoxicity and negligible hemolytic side effect. The Lys corona provides multivalent interaction between MSNs⊂Lys and bacterial walls and consequently raises the local concentration of Lys on the surface of cell walls, which promotes hydrolysis of peptidoglycans and increases membrane-perturbation abilities. The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of MSNs⊂Lys is fivefold lower than that of free Lys in vitro. The antibacterial efficacy of MSNs⊂Lys is evaluated in vivo by using an intestine-infected mouse model. Experimental results indicate that the number of bacteria surviving in the colon is three orders of magnitude lower than in the untreated group. These natural antibacterial enzyme-modified nanoparticles open up a new avenue for design and synthesis of next-generation antibacterial agents as alternatives to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Li
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
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