1
|
Kis VK, Kovács Z, Czigány Z. Improved Method for Electron Powder Diffraction-Based Rietveld Analysis of Nanomaterials. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:444. [PMID: 38470774 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Multiphase nanomaterials are of increasing importance in material science. Providing reliable and statistically meaningful information on their average nanostructure is essential for synthesis control and applications. In this paper, we propose a novel procedure that simplifies and makes more effective the electron powder diffraction-based Rietveld analysis of nanomaterials. Our single step in-TEM method allows to obtain the instrumental broadening function of the TEM directly from a single measurement without the need for an additional X-ray diffraction measurement. Using a multilayer graphene calibration standard and applying properly controlled acquisition conditions on a spherical aberration-corrected microscope, we achieved the instrumental broadening of ±0.01 Å in terms of interplanar spacing. The shape of the diffraction peaks is modeled as a function of the scattering angle using the Caglioti relation, and the obtained parameters for instrumental broadening can be directly applied in the Rietveld analysis of electron diffraction data of the analyzed specimen. During peak shape analysis, the instrumental broadening parameters of the TEM are controlled separately from nanostructure-related peak broadening effects, which contribute to the higher reliability of nanostructure information extracted from electron diffraction patterns. The potential of the proposed procedure is demonstrated through the Rietveld analysis of hematite nanopowder and two-component Cu-Ni nanocrystalline thin film specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktória K Kis
- HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Mineralogy, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Kovács
- Department of Materials Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/a, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Czigány
- HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu H, Liedienov N, Zatovsky I, Butenko D, Fesych I, Xu W, Song C, Li Q, Liu B, Pashchenko A, Levchenko G. The Multifunctionality of Lanthanum-Strontium Cobaltite Nanopowder: High-Pressure Magnetic Studies and Excellent Electrocatalytic Properties for OER. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:3605-3620. [PMID: 38207161 PMCID: PMC10811629 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous study of magnetic and electrocatalytic properties of cobaltites under extreme conditions expands the understanding of physical and chemical processes proceeding in them with the possibility of their further practical application. Therefore, La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 (LSCO) nanopowders were synthesized at different annealing temperatures tann = 850-900 °C, and their multifunctional properties were studied comprehensively. As tann increases, the rhombohedral perovskite structure of the LSCO becomes more single-phase, whereas the average particle size and dispersion grow. Co3+ and Co4+ are the major components. It has been found that LSCO-900 shows two main Curie temperatures, TC1 and TC2, associated with a particle size distribution. As pressure P increases, average ⟨TC1⟩ and ⟨TC2⟩ increase from 253 and 175 K under ambient pressure to 268 and 180 K under P = 0.8 GPa, respectively. The increment of ⟨dTC/dP⟩ for the smaller and bigger particles is sufficiently high and equals 10 and 13 K/GPa, respectively. The magnetocaloric effect in the LSCO-900 nanopowder demonstrates an extremely wide peak δTfwhm > 50 K that can be used as one of the composite components, expanding its working temperature window. Moreover, all LSCO samples showed excellent electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process (overpotentials of only 265-285 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2) with minimal η10 for LSCO-900. Based on the experimental data, it was concluded that the formation of a dense amorphous layer on the surface of the particles ensures high stability as a catalyst (at least 24 h) during electrolysis in 1 M KOH electrolyte.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Future
Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Nikita Liedienov
- State
Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Future
Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Donetsk
Institute for Physics and Engineering named after O.O. Galkin, NASU, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - Igor Zatovsky
- F.D.
Ovcharenko Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry, NASU, Kyiv 03142, Ukraine
| | - Denys Butenko
- Department
of Physics, Southern University of Science
and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Igor Fesych
- Taras
Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01030 , Ukraine
- Institute
of Magnetism NASU and MESU, Kyiv 03142, Ukraine
| | - Wei Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Chunrui Song
- Baicheng
Normal University, Baicheng 137099, China
| | - Quanjun Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Future
Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Future
Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Aleksey Pashchenko
- State
Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Future
Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Donetsk
Institute for Physics and Engineering named after O.O. Galkin, NASU, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
- Institute
of Magnetism NASU and MESU, Kyiv 03142, Ukraine
| | - Georgiy Levchenko
- State
Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Future
Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Donetsk
Institute for Physics and Engineering named after O.O. Galkin, NASU, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim J, Lee H, Lee J, Yoo H, Jo I, Lee H. Solution Combustion Synthesis of Ni-Based Nanocatalyst Using Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Nickel-Carbon Nanotube Growth Behavior. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7191. [PMID: 38005120 PMCID: PMC10673081 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
We studied the influence of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) content used as combustion fuel when fabricating nickel oxide (NiO) nanocatalysts via solution combustion synthesis, as well as the growth behavior of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using this catalyst. Nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO3)2∙6H2O) was used as the metal precursor (an oxidizer), and the catalysts were synthesized by adjusting the molar ratio of fuel (EDTA) to oxidizer in the range of 1:0.25 to 2.0. The results of the crystal structure analysis showed that as the EDTA content increased beyond the chemical stoichiometric balance with Ni(NO3)2∙6H2O (F/O = 0.25), the proportion of Ni metal within the catalyst particles decreased, and only single-phase NiO was observed. Among the synthesized catalysts, the smallest crystallite size was observed with a 1:1 ratio of Ni ions to EDTA. However, an increase in the amount of EDTA resulted in excessive fuel supply, leading to an increase in crystallite size. Microstructure analysis revealed porous NiO agglomerates due to the use of EDTA, and differences in particle growth based on the fuel ratio were observed. We analyzed the growth behavior of CNTs grown using NiO nanocatalysts through catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD). As the F/O ratio increased, it was observed that the catalyst particles grew excessively beyond hundreds of nanometers, preventing further CNT growth and leading to a rapid termination of CNT growth. Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the structural characteristics of CNTs, and it was found that the ID/IG ratio indicated the highest CNT crystallinity near an F/O ratio of 1:1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Kim
- School of Convergence Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hwanseok Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Hyunjo Yoo
- School of Convergence Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Ilguk Jo
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoo Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kozień D, Żeliszewska P, Szermer-Olearnik B, Adamczyk Z, Wróblewska A, Szczygieł A, Węgierek-Ciura K, Mierzejewska J, Pajtasz-Piasecka E, Tokarski T, Cios G, Cudziło S, Pędzich Z. Synthesis and Characterization of Boron Carbide Nanoparticles as Potential Boron-Rich Therapeutic Carriers. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6534. [PMID: 37834671 PMCID: PMC10573554 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Boron carbide is one of the hardest materials in the world which can be synthesized by various methods. The most common one is a carbothermic or magnesiothermic reduction of B2O3 performed at high temperatures, where the obtained powder still requires grinding and purification. The goal of this research is to present the possibility of synthesizing B4C nanoparticles from elements via vapor deposition and modifying the morphology of the obtained powders, particularly those synthesized at high temperatures. B4C nanoparticles were synthesized in the process of direct synthesis from boron and carbon powders heated at the temperature of 1650 °C for 2 h under argon and characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and dynamic light scattering measurements. The physicochemical characteristics of B4C nanoparticles were determined, including the diffusion coefficients, hydrodynamic diameter, electrophoretic mobilities, and zeta potentials. An evaluation of the obtained B4C nanoparticles was performed on several human and mouse cell lines, showing the relation between the cytotoxicity effect and the size of the synthesized nanoparticles. Assessing the suitability of the synthesized B4C for further modifications in terms of its applicability in boron neutron capture therapy was the overarching goal of this research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Kozień
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Paulina Żeliszewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Bożena Szermer-Olearnik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (B.S.-O.); (A.W.); (A.S.); (K.W.-C.); (J.M.); (E.P.-P.)
| | - Zbigniew Adamczyk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Anna Wróblewska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (B.S.-O.); (A.W.); (A.S.); (K.W.-C.); (J.M.); (E.P.-P.)
| | - Agnieszka Szczygieł
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (B.S.-O.); (A.W.); (A.S.); (K.W.-C.); (J.M.); (E.P.-P.)
| | - Katarzyna Węgierek-Ciura
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (B.S.-O.); (A.W.); (A.S.); (K.W.-C.); (J.M.); (E.P.-P.)
| | - Jagoda Mierzejewska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (B.S.-O.); (A.W.); (A.S.); (K.W.-C.); (J.M.); (E.P.-P.)
| | - Elżbieta Pajtasz-Piasecka
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (B.S.-O.); (A.W.); (A.S.); (K.W.-C.); (J.M.); (E.P.-P.)
| | - Tomasz Tokarski
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Grzegorz Cios
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Stanisław Cudziło
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2 Street, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Pędzich
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Anwar A, Kanwal Q, Sadiqa A, Razaq T, Khan IH, Javaid A, Khan S, Tag-Eldin E, Ouladsmane M. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Analysis of High Surface Area Strontium-Substituted Calcium Phosphate Nanostructures for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14527. [PMID: 37833975 PMCID: PMC10572144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous microwave-assisted flow synthesis has been used as a simple, more efficient, and low-cost route to fabricate a range of nanosized (<100 nm) strontium-substituted calcium phosphates. In this study, fine nanopowder was synthesized via a continuous flow synthesis with microwave assistance from the solutions of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (with strontium nitrate as Sr2+ ion source) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate at pH 10 with a time duration of 5 min. The morphological characterization of the obtained powder has been carried out by employing techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. The chemical structural analysis to evaluate the surface properties was made by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Zeta potential analysis was performed to evaluate the colloidal stability of the particles. Antimicrobial studies were performed for all the compositions using four bacterial strains and an opportunistic human fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. It was found that the nanoproduct with high strontium content (15 wt% of strontium) showed pronounced antibacterial potential against M. luteus while it completely arrested the fungal growth after 48 h by all of its concentrations. Thus the synthesis strategy described herein facilitated the rapid production of nanosized Sr-substituted CaPs with excellent biological performance suitable for a bone replacement application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Qudsia Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (Q.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Ayesha Sadiqa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (Q.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Tabassam Razaq
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Iqra Haider Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.H.K.); (A.J.)
| | - Arshad Javaid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.H.K.); (A.J.)
| | - Safia Khan
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - ElSayed Tag-Eldin
- Shandong Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Mohamed Ouladsmane
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Matyszczak G, Jóźwik P, Zybert M, Yedzikhanau A, Krawczyk K. Dye-Modified, Sonochemically Obtained Nano-SnS 2 as an Efficient Photocatalyst for Metanil Yellow Removal. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5774. [PMID: 37687465 PMCID: PMC10488508 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the possibility of modification of SnS2 powder through sonochemical synthesis with the addition of an organic ligand. For that purpose, two organic dyes are used, Phenol Red and Anthraquinone Violet. All obtained powders are characterized using XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, and UV-Vis investigations. Synthesized samples showed composition and structural properties typical for sonochemically synthesized SnS2. However, investigation with the Tauc method revealed that SnS2 powder modified with Phenol Red exhibits a significant shift in value of optical bandgap to 2.56 eV, while unmodified SnS2 shows an optical bandgap value of 2.42 eV. The modification of SnS2 powder with Anthraquinone Violet was unsuccessful. The obtained nanopowders were utilized as photocatalysts in the process of Metanil Yellow degradation, revealing that SnS2 modified with Phenol Red shows about 23% better performance than the unmodified one. The mean sonochemical efficiency of the performed synthesis is also estimated as 9.35 µg/W.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Matyszczak
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Jóźwik
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Gen. Sylwester Kaliski Street 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zybert
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Yedzikhanau
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Buketov A, Sapronov O, Klevtsov K, Kim B. Functional Polymer Nanocomposites with Increased Anticorrosion Properties and Wear Resistance for Water Transport. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3449. [PMID: 37631509 PMCID: PMC10458151 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Corrosive destruction and hydroabrasive wear is a serious problem in the operation of machine parts and water transport mechanisms. It is promising to develop new composite materials with improved properties to increase the reliability of transport vehicles. In this regard, the use of new polymer-based materials, which are characterized by improved anticorrosion properties and wear resistance, is promising. In this work, therefore, for the formation of multifunctional protective coatings, epoxy dian oligomer brand ED-20, polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) hardener, a mixture of nanodispersed compounds with a dispersion of 30-90 nm, fillers Agocel S-2000 and Waltrop with a dispersion of 8-12 μm, and particles of iron slag with a dispersion of 60-63 μm are used for the formation of multifunctional protective coatings. Using the method of mathematically planning the experiment, the content of additives of different physico-chemical natures in the epoxy binder is optimized to obtain fireproof coatings with improved operational characteristics. A mathematical model is developed for optimizing the content of components in the formation of protective anticorrosion and wear-resistant coatings for means of transport as a result of the complex effect of a mixture of nanodispersed compounds, iron scale, and Waltrop. Based on the mathematical planning of the experiment, new regularities of increasing the corrosion resistance and resources of the means of transport are established through the formation of four different protective coatings, which are tested for resistance to aggressive environments (technical water-CAS No. 7732-18-5, gasoline-CAS No. 64742-82-1, acetone-CAS No. 67-64-1, I-20A lubricant-CAS No. 64742-62-7, sodium solutions-CAS No. 1310-73-2, and sulfuric acid-CAS No. 7664-93-9) and hydroabrasive wear resistances. A study of the change in the permeability index in aggressive environments is additionally carried out, taking into account the rational ratio of dispersive fillers in the epoxy binder, which made it possible to create an effective barrier to the penetration of aggressive water molecules into the base. A decrease in the permeability of protective coatings by 2.0-3.3 times relative to the epoxy matrix is achieved. In addition, the wear resistance of the developed materials under the action of hydroabrasion is investigated. The relative resistance of the CM to the action of hydroabrasion was found by the method of materials and coatings testing on the gas-abrasive wear with a centrifugal accelerator. This method enables one to model the real process of the wear of mechanism parts under the hydroabrasive action. It is shown that the coefficient of the wear resistance of the developed materials is 1.3 times higher than that of the polymer matrix, which indicates the resistance of the composites to the influence of hydroabrasive environment. As a result, modified epoxy composite protective coatings with improved anticorrosion properties and wear resistance under hydroabrasive conditions are developed. It is established that the protective coating filled with particles of a mixture of nanodispersed compounds (30-90 nm), iron scale (60-63 μm), and Waltrop (8-12 μm) has the lowest permeability indicators. The permeability in natural conditions of such a coating during the time t = 300 days of the study is χ = 0.5%, which is 3.6 times less than the similar indicators of the epoxy matrix. It is substantiated that the protective coating filled with particles of a mixture of nanodispersed compounds (30-90 nm), iron scale (60-63 μm), and Agocel S-2000 (8-12 μm) is characterized by the highest indicators of wear resistance. The coefficient of wear resistance under the action of hydroabrasion of such a coating is K = 1.75, which is 1.3 times higher than the similar indicators of the original epoxy matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Buketov
- Department of Transport Technologies and Mechanical Engineering, Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ushakova Avenue, 20, 73003 Kherson, Ukraine; (A.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Oleksandr Sapronov
- Department of Transport Technologies and Mechanical Engineering, Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ushakova Avenue, 20, 73003 Kherson, Ukraine; (A.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Kostyantyn Klevtsov
- Department of Transport Technologies and Mechanical Engineering, Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ushakova Avenue, 20, 73003 Kherson, Ukraine; (A.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Boksun Kim
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baumann V, Popa K, Walter O, Rivenet M, Senentz G, Morel B, Konings RJ. Synthesis of Nanocrystalline PuO 2 by Hydrothermal and Thermal Decomposition of Pu(IV) Oxalate: A Comparative Study. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:340. [PMID: 36678093 PMCID: PMC9865700 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the hydrothermal conversion of actinide (IV) oxalates into nanometric actinide dioxides (AnO2) has begun to be investigated as an alternative to the widely implemented thermal decomposition method. We present here a comparison between the hydrothermal and the conventional thermal decomposition of Pu(IV) oxalate in terms of particle size, morphology and residual carbon content. A parametric study was carried out in order to define the temperature and time applied in the hydrothermal conversion of tetravalent Pu-oxalate into PuO2 and to optimize the reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Baumann
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karin Popa
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Olaf Walter
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Murielle Rivenet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | | | - Rudy J.M. Konings
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bosak A, Dubois M, Korobkina E, Lychagin E, Muzychka A, Nekhaev G, Nesvizhevsky V, Nezvanov A, Saerbeck T, Schweins R, Strelkov A, Turlybekuly K, Zhernenkov K. Effect of Nanodiamond Sizes on the Efficiency of the Quasi-Specular Reflection of Cold Neutrons. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:703. [PMID: 36676440 PMCID: PMC9866128 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials can intensively scatter and/or reflect radiation. Such processes and materials are of theoretical and practical interest. Here, we study the quasi-specular reflections (QSRs) of cold neutrons (CNs) and the reflections of very cold neutrons (VCNs) from nanodiamond (ND) powders. The fluorination of ND increased its efficiency by removing/replacing hydrogen, which is otherwise the dominant cause of neutron loss due to incoherent scattering. The probability of the diffuse reflection of VCNs increased for certain neutron wavelengths by using appropriate ND sizes. Based on model concepts of the interaction of CNs with ND, and in reference to our previous work, we assume that the angular distribution of quasi-specularly reflected CNs is narrower, and that the probability of QSRs of longer wavelength neutrons increases if we increase the characteristic sizes of NDs compared to standard detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs). However, the probability of QSRs of CNs with wavelengths below the cutoff of ~4.12 Å decreases due to diffraction scattering on the ND crystal lattice. We experimentally compared the QSRs of CNs from ~4.3 nm and ~15.0 nm ND. Our qualitative conclusions and numerical estimates can help optimize the parameters of ND for specific practical applications based on the QSRs of CNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Dubois
- Clermont Auvergne INP, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR6296, 24 Av. Blaise Pascal, F-63178 Aubière, France
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Egor Lychagin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Alexei Muzychka
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Grigory Nekhaev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Valery Nesvizhevsky
- Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Nezvanov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Thomas Saerbeck
- Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Strelkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Kylyshbek Turlybekuly
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev Str. 2, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibragimova Str. 1, Almaty 0500032, Kazakhstan
| | - Kirill Zhernenkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
- JCNS at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungzentrum Jülich GmbH, 1 Lichtenbergstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Javed S, Sultan MH, Alam MI, Sivadasan D, Ahsan W, Jabeen A, Jaafari MHA, Hawthan MHA, Byti AH. Application of Box-Behnken Design in the Optimization and Preparation of Salicylic Acid Nanopowder using Solvent-Free Green Mechanochemical Approach. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2023; 15:29-34. [PMID: 37313539 PMCID: PMC10259742 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_577_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the imperative progressions within the pharmaceutical industry, especially drugs, is the expanded utilization of materials in order to enhance its dissolution, solubility and bioavailability. Planetary ball monomill approach can be the latest entrant to Green nanotechnology - being solvent-free, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable particle size reduction approach. Objectives Salicylic acid nanopowder (SA-NP) was aimed to be prepared using planetary ball monomill by dry milling technique to enhance its solubility and bioavailability. Methods Various milling parameters such as milling speed, milling time and number of balls was varied and their effect on dependent responses including size (nm) and polydispersity indices (PDI) were evaluated using a 3-Factorial-3-Level Box-Behnken statistical design. Particle size and PDI analysis was performed using light scattering technique. Results The particle size of salicylic acid obtained by optimizing the dry milling parameters was Z-Average (d.nm): 776.3 nm and PDI: 0.600 up to Z-Average (d. nm): 205.0 nm and PDI: 0.383. Conclusions Dry milling can be used for the preparation of nanopowders of drug candidates with poor water-solubility issues. Present day medications have nano-scaled active ingredients which are rapidly absorbed by the human body as compared to the conventional ones. Enlarged surface area increases the solubility of the drug, thereby improves its bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamama Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad H. Sultan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Intakhab Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Durgaramani Sivadasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waquar Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamena Jabeen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Azaheer H. Byti
- PharmD Students, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fisenko NA, Solomatov IA, Simonenko NP, Mokrushin AS, Gorobtsov PY, Simonenko TL, Volkov IA, Simonenko EP, Kuznetsov NT. Atmospheric Pressure Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanoscale SnO 2 and Its Application in Microextrusion Printing of a Thick-Film Chemosensor Material for Effective Ethanol Detection. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:9800. [PMID: 36560169 PMCID: PMC9784031 DOI: 10.3390/s22249800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The atmospheric pressure solvothermal (APS) synthesis of nanocrystalline SnO2 (average size of coherent scattering regions (CSR)-7.5 ± 0.6 nm) using tin acetylacetonate as a precursor was studied. The resulting nanopowder was used as a functional ink component in microextrusion printing of a tin dioxide thick film on the surface of a Pt/Al2O3/Pt chip. Synchronous thermal analysis shows that the resulting semiproduct is transformed completely into tin dioxide nanopowder at 400 °C within 1 h. The SnO2 powder and the resulting film were shown to have a cassiterite-type structure according to X-ray diffraction analysis, and IR spectroscopy was used to establish the set of functional groups in the material composition. The microstructural features of the tin dioxide powder were analyzed using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy: the average size of the oxide powder particles was 8.2 ± 0.7 nm. Various atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were employed to investigate the topography of the oxide film and to build maps of surface capacitance and potential distribution. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of the printed SnO2 film was studied using impedance spectroscopy. The chemosensory properties of the formed material when detecting H2, CO, NH3, C6H6, C3H6O and C2H5OH, including at varying humidity, were also examined. It was demonstrated that the obtained SnO2 film has an increased sensitivity (the sensory response value was 1.4-63.5) and selectivity for detection of 4-100 ppm C2H5OH at an operating temperature of 200 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A. Fisenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
- Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya sq., Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Ivan A. Solomatov
- Basic Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Science, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, 20 Myasnsitskaya str., Moscow 101978, Russia
| | - Nikolay P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Artem S. Mokrushin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Philipp Yu. Gorobtsov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Tatiana L. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan A. Volkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Elizaveta P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikolay T. Kuznetsov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aleksenskii A, Bleuel M, Bosak A, Chumakova A, Dideikin A, Dubois M, Korobkina E, Lychagin E, Muzychka A, Nekhaev G, Nesvizhevsky V, Nezvanov A, Schweins R, Shvidchenko A, Strelkov A, Turlybekuly K, Vul’ A, Zhernenkov K. Effect of Particle Sizes on the Efficiency of Fluorinated Nanodiamond Neutron Reflectors. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11113067. [PMID: 34835831 PMCID: PMC8620422 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Over a decade ago, it was confirmed that detonation nanodiamond (DND) powders reflect very cold neutrons (VCNs) diffusively at any incidence angle and that they reflect cold neutrons quasi-specularly at small incidence angles. In the present publication, we report the results of a study on the effect of particle sizes on the overall efficiency of neutron reflectors made of DNDs. To perform this study, we separated, by centrifugation, the fraction of finer DND nanoparticles (which are referred to as S-DNDs here) from a broad initial size distribution and experimentally and theoretically compared the performance of such a neutron reflector with that from deagglomerated fluorinated DNDs (DF-DNDs). Typical commercially available DNDs with the size of ~4.3 nm are close to the optimum for VCNs with a typical velocity of ~50 m/s, while smaller and larger DNDs are more efficient for faster and slower VCN velocities, respectively. Simulations show that, for a realistic reflector geometry, the replacement of DF-DNDs (a reflector with the best achieved performance) by S-DNDs (with smaller size DNDs) increases the neutron albedo in the velocity range above ~60 m/s. This increase in the albedo results in an increase in the density of faster VCNs in such a reflector cavity of up to ~25% as well as an increase in the upper boundary of the velocities of efficient VCN reflection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Aleksenskii
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Marcus Bleuel
- National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alexei Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexandra Chumakova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Artur Dideikin
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Marc Dubois
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF UME 6296), Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, 24 av. Blaise Pascal, F-63178 Aubière, France;
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Egor Lychagin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Dubna State University, Universitetskaya 19, 141982 Dubna, Russia
| | - Alexei Muzychka
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Grigory Nekhaev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Valery Nesvizhevsky
- Institut Max von Laue–Paul Langevin, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Nezvanov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue–Paul Langevin, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France;
| | - Alexander Shvidchenko
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Alexander Strelkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kylyshbek Turlybekuly
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev Str. 2, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibragimova Str. 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexander Vul’
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Kirill Zhernenkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
- JCNS at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forshungzentrum Julich GmbH, 1 Lichtenbergstrasse, G-85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gevorkyan E, Rucki M, Krzysiak Z, Chishkala V, Zurowski W, Kucharczyk W, Barsamyan V, Nerubatskyi V, Mazur T, Morozow D, Siemiątkowski Z, Caban J. Analysis of the Electroconsolidation Process of Fine-Dispersed Structures Out of Hot Pressed Al 2O 3-WC Nanopowders. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14216503. [PMID: 34772030 PMCID: PMC8585290 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of alumina–tungsten carbide nanocomposite was investigated. Characteristics of the densification and sintering were analyzed considering both the nano-size particle starting powders and the processing stages. Different heating rates were generated during densification and consolidation with a maximal load was applied only after a temperature of 1000 °C was reached. Due to the varying dominance of different physical processes affecting the grains, appropriate heating rates and pressure at different stages ensured that a structure with submicron grains was obtained. With directly applied alternating current, it was found that the proportion Al2O3 (50 wt.%)–WC provided the highest fracture toughness, and a sintering temperature above 1600 °C was found to be disadvantageous. High heating rates and a short sintering time enabled the process to be completed in 12 min, saving energy and time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Gevorkyan
- Wagon Engineering and Production Quality, Ukraine State University of Railway Transport, 7 Feuerbach Sq., 61010 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (E.G.); (V.N.)
| | - Mirosław Rucki
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zbigniew Krzysiak
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Z.K.)
| | - Volodymyr Chishkala
- Department of Reactor Engineering Materials and Physical Technologies, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Wojciech Zurowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Wojciech Kucharczyk
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Voskan Barsamyan
- Chair of Applied Physics, National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Vanadzor Branch, Vanadzor 2011, Armenia;
| | - Volodymyr Nerubatskyi
- Wagon Engineering and Production Quality, Ukraine State University of Railway Transport, 7 Feuerbach Sq., 61010 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (E.G.); (V.N.)
| | - Tomasz Mazur
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Dmitrij Morozow
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zbigniew Siemiątkowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jacek Caban
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
This study aimed to produce electrospun nanofibers from a polyvinyl butyral polymer (PVB) solution enriched with red and grey selenium nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopic analysis was used to observe the samples, evaluate the fiber diameters, and reveal eventual artifacts in the nanofibrous structure. Average fiber diameter is determined by manually measuring the diameters of randomly selected fibers on scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images. The obtained nanofibers are amorphous with a diameter of approximately 500 nm, a specific surface area of approx. 8 m2 g−1, and 5093 km cm−3 length. If the red and grey selenium nanoparticles were produced in powder form and suspended to the ethanolic solution of PVB then they were located inside and outside the fiber. When selenium nanoparticles were synthesized in the PVB solution, then they were located only inside the fiber. These nanofiber sheets enriched with selenium nanoparticles could be a good candidate for high-efficiency filter materials and medical applications.
Collapse
|
15
|
Samokhin A, Alekseev N, Astashov A, Dorofeev A, Fadeev A, Sinayskiy M, Kalashnikov Y. Preparation of W-C-Co Composite Micropowder with Spherical Shaped Particles Using Plasma Technologies. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4258. [PMID: 34361452 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of obtaining composite micropowders of the W-C-Co system with a spherical particle shape having a submicron/nanoscale internal structure was experimentally confirmed. In the course of work carried out, W-C-Co system nanopowders with the average particle size of approximately 50 nm were produced by plasma-chemical synthesis. This method resulted in the uniform distribution of W, Co and C among the nanoparticles of the powder in the nanometer scale range. Dense microgranules with an average size of 40 microns were obtained from the nanopowders by spray drying. The spherical micropowders with an average particle size of 20 microns were received as a result of plasma treatment of 25.36 microns microgranule fraction. The spherical particles obtained in the experiments had a predominantly dense microstructure and had no internal cavities. The influence of plasma treatment process parameters on dispersity, phase, and chemical composition of spherical micropowders and powder particles microstructure has been established.
Collapse
|
16
|
Aleksenskii A, Bleuel M, Bosak A, Chumakova A, Dideikin A, Dubois M, Korobkina E, Lychagin E, Muzychka A, Nekhaev G, Nesvizhevsky V, Nezvanov A, Schweins R, Shvidchenko A, Strelkov A, Turlybekuly K, Vul' A, Zhernenkov K. Clustering of Diamond Nanoparticles, Fluorination and Efficiency of Slow Neutron Reflectors. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1945. [PMID: 34443779 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neutrons can be an instrument or an object in many fields of research. Major efforts all over the world are devoted to improving the intensity of neutron sources and the efficiency of neutron delivery for experimental installations. In this context, neutron reflectors play a key role because they allow significant improvement of both economy and efficiency. For slow neutrons, Detonation NanoDiamond (DND) powders provide exceptionally good reflecting performance due to the combination of enhanced coherent scattering and low neutron absorption. The enhancement is at maximum when the nanoparticle diameter is close to the neutron wavelength. Therefore, the mean nanoparticle diameter and the diameter distribution are important. In addition, DNDs show clustering, which increases their effective diameters. Here, we report on how breaking agglomerates affects clustering of DNDs and the overall reflector performance. We characterize DNDs using small-angle neutron scattering, X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, neutron activation analysis, dynamical light scattering, infra-red light spectroscopy, and others. Based on the results of these tests, we discuss the calculated size distribution of DNDs, the absolute cross-section of neutron scattering, the neutron albedo, and the neutron intensity gain for neutron traps with DND walls.
Collapse
|
17
|
Al-Salem SM, El-Eskandarani MS, Constantinou A. Can plastic waste management be a novel solution in combating the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)? A short research note. Waste Manag Res 2021; 39:910-913. [PMID: 33323044 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x20978444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The year 2020 has been noted to be one of major calamity the world over, in which the majority of efforts in research and development have been dedicated towards combating the threat of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Ever since the announcement of COVID-19 as a pandemic, such efforts were dedicated towards the research of its spread and vaccination. Yet still, the world might reach a resolution via an environmental solution that various entities have overlooked, with a plethora of environmental benefits vis-à-vis waste management. In this short communication, the possibility of using plastic solid waste as a substrate to employ copper, and copper alloys and their nanocomposite nanopowders to be used as permanent surface protective coats, is presented. The fact that we present such materials to be of waste origin, is an added value advantage to their beneficial advantage of developing various commodities and products that could be used in our daily lives. Furthermore, the fact that such recyclable materials are susceptible to antiviral properties and chemicals, is an added value that we should not neglect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Achilleas Constantinou
- London South Bank University, UK
- University College London (UCL), UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim D, Hirayama Y, Liu Z, Kwon H, Kobashi M, Takagi K. Highly Conductive Al/Al Interfaces in Ultrafine Grained Al Compact Prepared by Low Oxygen Powder Metallurgy Technique. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1182. [PMID: 33946182 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The low oxygen powder metallurgy technique makes it possible to prepare full-dense ultrafine-grained (UFG) Al compacts with an average grain size of 160 nm by local surface bonding at a substantially lower temperature of 423 K from an Al nanopowder prepared by a low oxygen induction thermal plasma process. By atomic level analysis using transmission electron microscopy, it was found that there was almost no oxide layer at the Al/Al interfaces (grain boundaries) in UFG Al compact. The electrical conductivity of the UFG Al compact reached 3.5 × 107 S/m, which is the same level as that of the cast Al bulk. The Vickers hardness of the UFG Al compact of 1078 MPa, which is 8 times that of the cast Al bulk, could be explained by the Hall-Petch law. In addition, fracture behavior was analyzed by conducting a small punch test. The as-sintered UFG Al compact initially fractured before reaching its ultimate strength due to its large number of grain boundaries with a high misorientation angle. Ultimate strength and elongation were enhanced to 175 MPa and 24%, respectively, by reduction of grain boundaries after annealing, indicating that high compatibility of strength and elongation can be realized by appropriate microstructure control.
Collapse
|
19
|
Manchili SK, Wendel J, Hryha E, Nyborg L. Analysis of Iron Oxide Reduction Kinetics in the Nanometric Scale Using Hydrogen. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1276. [PMID: 32629776 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Iron nanopowder could be used as a sintering aid to water-atomised steel powder to improve the sintered density of metallurgical (PM) compacts. For the sintering process to be efficient, the inevitable surface oxide on the nanopowder must be reduced at least in part to facilitate its sintering aid effect. While appreciable research has been conducted in the domain of oxide reduction of the normal ferrous powder, the same cannot be said about the nanometric counterpart. The reaction kinetics for the reduction of surface oxide of iron nanopowder in hydrogen was therefore investigated using nonisothermal thermogravimetric (TG) measurements. The activation energy values were determined from the TG data using both isoconversional Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method and the Kissinger approach. The values obtained were well within the range of reported data. The reaction kinetics of Fe2O3 as a reference material was also depicted and the reduction of this oxide proceeds in two sequential stages. The first stage corresponds to the reduction of Fe2O3 to Fe3O4, while the second stage corresponds to a complete reduction of oxide to metallic Fe. The activation energy variation over the reduction process was observed and a model was proposed to understand the reduction of surface iron oxide of iron nanopowder.
Collapse
|
20
|
Al-Ghurabi EH, Shahabuddin M, Kumar NS, Asif M. Deagglomeration of Ultrafine Hydrophilic Nanopowder Using Low-Frequency Pulsed Fluidization. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10020388. [PMID: 32102201 PMCID: PMC7075313 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency flow pulsations were utilized to improve the hydrodynamics of the fluidized bed of hydrophilic ultrafine nanosilica powder with strong agglomeration behavior. A gradual fluidization of unassisted fluidized bed through stepwise velocity change was carried out over a wide range of velocities followed by a gradual defluidization process. Bed dynamics in different regions of the fluidized bed were carefully monitored using fast and sensitive pressure transducers. Next, 0.05-Hz square-wave flow pulsation was introduced, and the fluidization behavior of the pulsed fluidized bed was rigorously characterized to delineate its effect on the bed hydrodynamics by comparing it with one of the unassisted fluidized bed. Flow pulsations caused a substantial decrease in minimum fluidization velocity and effective agglomerate diameter. The frequencies and amplitudes of various events in different fluidized bed regions were determined by performing frequency domain analysis on real-time bed transient data. The pulsations and their effects promoted deagglomeration and improved homogeneity of the pulsed fluidized bed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim H. Al-Ghurabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (E.H.A.-G.)
| | - Mohammed Shahabuddin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nadavala Siva Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (E.H.A.-G.)
| | - Mohammad Asif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (E.H.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-56-981-7045
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Grigoriev S, Tarasova T, Gusarov A, Khmyrov R, Egorov S. Possibilities of Manufacturing Products from Cermet Compositions Using Nanoscale Powders by Additive Manufacturing Methods. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12203425. [PMID: 31635080 PMCID: PMC6829285 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Complicated wear-resistant parts made by selective laser melting (SLM) of powder material based on compositions of metal and ceramics can be widely used in mining, oil engineering, and other precision engineering industries. Ceramic-metal compositions were made using nanoscale powders by powder metallurgy methods. Optimal regimes were found for the SLM method. Chemical and phase composition, fracture toughness, and wear resistance of the obtained materials were determined. The wear rate of samples from 94 wt% tungsten carbide (WC) and 6 wt% cobalt (Co) was 1.3 times lower than that of a sample from BK6 obtained by the conventional methods. The hardness of obtained samples 2500 HV was 1.6 times higher than that of a sample from BK6 obtained by the traditional method (1550 HV).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Grigoriev
- Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN", Moscow 127055, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Tarasova
- Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN", Moscow 127055, Russia.
| | - Andrey Gusarov
- Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN", Moscow 127055, Russia.
| | - Roman Khmyrov
- Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN", Moscow 127055, Russia.
| | - Sergei Egorov
- Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN", Moscow 127055, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zykova A, Martyushev N, Skeeba V, Zadkov D, Kuzkin A. Influence of W Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-12%Si Alloys. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12060981. [PMID: 30934557 PMCID: PMC6470678 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A widespread method exerting the influence on the homogeneous formation of the microstructure and enhancement of strength properties of Al-Si alloys is a modification by super- and nanodispersed particles of different chemical compositions. In spite of the significant advances in the studies of the influence of various modifying compositions on the structure and mechanical properties of casted silumins, the literature contains no data about the influence of nanodispersed W-powder on formation of the structural-phase state and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys. The paper considers the influence of 0.01–0.5 mass % W nanopowder on the structural-phase state and mechanical properties of an Al-12%Si alloy. It has been established that 0.1 mass % of W is an optimal addition. It results in the uniform distribution of eutectic (α-Al + Si), a 1.5-time decrease in the size of the plates of eutectic Si, a change of the shape of coarse plates (coarse plate-like or acicular) into a fine fibrous one, and an enhancement of the mechanical properties by 16–20%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zykova
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Nikita Martyushev
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Vadim Skeeba
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20 Prospekt K. Marksa, Novosibirsk 630073, Russia.
| | - Denis Zadkov
- Saint-Petersburg Mining University, 2, 21 Line of Vasilyevsky Island, Saint Petersburg 199106, Russia.
| | - Andrey Kuzkin
- Saint-Petersburg Mining University, 2, 21 Line of Vasilyevsky Island, Saint Petersburg 199106, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the efficiency of red ginseng nanopowder in preventing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. The mice were divided into five groups: normal group (no immunisation), control (CIA), powdered red ginseng (PRG), nanopowdered red ginseng (NRG) and methotrexate (MTX). Administering MTX, PRG and NRG to arthritic mice significantly decreased spleen indexes, clinical and histological scores compared to control group. Serum analysis of NRG and MTX groups showed a reduction in the cytokines such as the levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in comparison to PRG group. The levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) in the NRG group were significantly lower than those of the PRG group. In summary, the present study indicated that NRG can be effective in preventing type II collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kyung Lee
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Choi
- b Department of Food Science and Technology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Soo Kwak
- b Department of Food Science and Technology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hyuk Chang
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shigeta M, Watanabe T. Effect of Saturation Pressure Difference on Metal-Silicide Nanopowder Formation in Thermal Plasma Fabrication. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2016; 6:E43. [PMID: 28344300 PMCID: PMC5302518 DOI: 10.3390/nano6030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A computational investigation using a unique model and a solution algorithm was conducted, changing only the saturation pressure of one material artificially during nanopowder formation in thermal plasma fabrication, to highlight the effects of the saturation pressure difference between a metal and silicon. The model can not only express any profile of particle size-composition distribution for a metal-silicide nanopowder even with widely ranging sizes from sub-nanometers to a few hundred nanometers, but it can also simulate the entire growth process involving binary homogeneous nucleation, binary heterogeneous co-condensation, and coagulation among nanoparticles with different compositions. Greater differences in saturation pressures cause a greater time lag for co-condensation of two material vapors during the collective growth of the metal-silicide nanopowder. The greater time lag for co-condensation results in a wider range of composition of the mature nanopowder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Shigeta
- Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Watanabe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim TH, Choi S, Park DW. Thermal Plasma Synthesis of Crystalline Gallium Nitride Nanopowder from Gallium Nitrate Hydrate and Melamine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2016; 6:nano6030038. [PMID: 28344295 PMCID: PMC5302524 DOI: 10.3390/nano6030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) nanopowder used as a blue fluorescent material was synthesized by using a direct current (DC) non-transferred arc plasma. Gallium nitrate hydrate (Ga(NO₃)₃∙xH₂O) was used as a raw material and NH₃ gas was used as a nitridation source. Additionally, melamine (C₃H₆N₆) powder was injected into the plasma flame to prevent the oxidation of gallium to gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃). Argon thermal plasma was applied to synthesize GaN nanopowder. The synthesized GaN nanopowder by thermal plasma has low crystallinity and purity. It was improved to relatively high crystallinity and purity by annealing. The crystallinity is enhanced by the thermal treatment and the purity was increased by the elimination of residual C₃H₆N₆. The combined process of thermal plasma and annealing was appropriate for synthesizing crystalline GaN nanopowder. The annealing process after the plasma synthesis of GaN nanopowder eliminated residual contamination and enhanced the crystallinity of GaN nanopowder. As a result, crystalline GaN nanopowder which has an average particle size of 30 nm was synthesized by the combination of thermal plasma treatment and annealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Regional Innovation Center for Environmental Technology of Thermal Plasma (RIC-ETTP), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Sooseok Choi
- Department of Nuclear and Energy Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Dong-Wha Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Regional Innovation Center for Environmental Technology of Thermal Plasma (RIC-ETTP), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Movahedi MM, Abdi A, Mehdizadeh A, Dehghan N, Heidari E, Masumi Y, Abbaszadeh M. Novel paint design based on nanopowder to protection against X and gamma rays. Indian J Nucl Med 2014; 29:18-21. [PMID: 24591777 PMCID: PMC3928744 DOI: 10.4103/0972-3919.125763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lead-based shields are the standard method of intraoperative radiation protection in the radiology and nuclear medicine department. Human lead toxicity is well documented. The lead used is heavy, lacks durability, is difficult to launder, and its disposal is associated with environmental hazards. The aim of this study was to design a lead free paint for protection against X and gamma rays. Materials and Methods: In this pilot st we evaluated several types of nano metal powder that seemed to have good absorption. The Monte Carlo code, MCNP4C, was used to model the attenuation of X-ray photons in paints with different designs. Experimental measurements were carried out to assess the attenuation properties of each paint design. Results: Among the different nano metal powder, nano tungsten trioxide and nano tin dioxide were the two most appropriate candidates for making paint in diagnostic photon energy range. Nano tungsten trioxide (15%) and nano tin dioxide (85%) provided the best protection in both simulation and experiments. After this step, attempts were made to produce appropriate nano tungsten trioxide-nano tin dioxide paints. The density of this nano tungsten trioxide-nano tin dioxide paint was 4.2 g/cm3. The MCNP simulation and experimental measurements for HVL (Half-Value Layer) values of this shield at 100 kVp were 0.25 and 0.23 mm, respectively. Conclusions: The results showed the cost-effective lead-free paint can be a great power in absorbing the X-rays and gamma rays and it can be used instead of lead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Movahedi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Adibe Abdi
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Mehdizadeh
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naser Dehghan
- Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Heidari
- Medical Student, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yusef Masumi
- Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadougi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Abbaszadeh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hazeri N, Tavanai H, Moradi AR. Production and properties of electrosprayed sericin nanopowder. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2012; 13:035010. [PMID: 27877498 PMCID: PMC5090287 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/13/3/035010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Sericin is a proteinous substrate that envelops fibroin (silk) fiber, and its recovery provides significant economical and social benefits. Sericin is an antibacterial agent that resists oxidation and absorbs moisture and UV light. In powder form, sericin has a wide range of applications in food, cosmetics and drug delivery. Asides from other techniques of producing powder, such as precipitation and spray drying, electrospraying can yield solid nanoparticles, particularly in the submicron range. Here, we report the production of sericin nanopowder by electrospraying. Sericin sponge was recovered from Bombyx mori cocoons through a high-temperature, high-pressure process, followed by centrifugation and freeze drying of the sericin solution. The electrospraying solution was prepared by dissolving the sericin sponge in dimethyl sulfoxide. We demonstrate that electrospraying is capable of producing sericin nanopowder with an average particle size of 25 nm, which is by far smaller than the particles produced by other techniques. The electrosprayed sericin nanopowder consists of small crystallites and exhibits a high moisture absorbance.
Collapse
|
28
|
Uda M, Okuyama H, Suzuki TS, Sakka Y. Hydrogen generation from water using Mg nanopowder produced by arc plasma method. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2012; 13:025009. [PMID: 27877487 PMCID: PMC5090637 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/13/2/025009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report that hydrogen gas can be easily produced from water at room temperature using a Mg nanopowder (30-1000 nm particles, average diameter 265 nm). The Mg nanopowder was produced by dc arc melting of a Mg ingot in a chamber with mixed-gas atmosphere (20% N2-80% Ar) at 0.1 MPa using custom-built nanopowder production equipment. The Mg nanopowder was passivated with a gas mixture of 1% O2 in Ar for 12 h in the final step of the synthesis, after which the nanopowder could be safely handled in ambient air. The nanopowder vigorously reacted with water at room temperature, producing 110 ml of hydrogen gas per 1 g of powder in 600 s. This amount corresponds to 11% of the hydrogen that could be generated by the stoichiometric reaction between Mg and water. Mg(OH)2 flakes formed on the surface of the Mg particles as a result of this reaction. They easily peeled off, and the generation of hydrogen continued until all the Mg was consumed.
Collapse
|