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Alqadi SF. Diabetes Mellitus and Its Influence on Oral Health: Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:107-120. [PMID: 38222034 PMCID: PMC10785684 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s426671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases all over the world. The effect of this endocrine disease on body systems cannot be ignored, where its oral side effects are well distinguished. As this disease incident is increasing dramatically, it is essential for the health care providers to be fully aware of the disease diagnosis, management and to deal with it in a full confident. This review discusses the disease itself, its complications, methods of diagnosis as well as its management. Furthermore, oral manifestations and dental considerations that should be followed when treating patients with diabetes mellitus have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Fuad Alqadi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medinah, 42353, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
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2
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G P, Ramalingam K, Ramani P. Unveiling the Unspoken: Exploring Oral Manifestations of Psychological Disorders. Cureus 2024; 16:e52967. [PMID: 38406056 PMCID: PMC10894318 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychological variables also interact closely with several tissues and systems leading to several diseases. The oral cavity is also linked to potential physical manifestations of psychological origin. Oral symptoms such as facial pain, oral dysaesthesia, extreme palatal erosion, or self-inflicted harm are perhaps the first or sole signs of mental health issues. It is crucial to remember that oral symptoms are frequently complex. Different people may respond differently to psychological variables and varied oral health. It is essential for dentists and medical professionals to recognize and resolve these vital problems. In this review, we have summarized the changes to oral mucosa and hard tissues and other pain disorders associated with psychological factors. Oral manifestations of a few known psychological disorders are also enumerated. This review emphasizes the role of the dentist in identifying the underlying psychological factors with oral changes. In conclusion, continuous dental care should be insisted on for patients with known mental illness to improve their quality of life. Oral health should be taken into account as part of the heightened emphasis on the overall physical well-being of those suffering from severe mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadharshini G
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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3
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Nazemisalman B, Zarabadi MS. Oral manifestation as the only sign of Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8410. [PMID: 38213932 PMCID: PMC10781892 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message The manifestations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis can be limited in the oral cavity, including gingival recession, tooth mobility, and bone destruction. Dentists play a crucial role in the early detection and management of these oral symptoms, which can significantly impact the overall prognosis and quality of life for patients with this serious disease. Abstract The hyperplastic activity of bone marrow can lead to excessive histocyte proliferation, called Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Based on the accumulation location, it has various organ involvement, including skin, bone, and so forth. Oral manifestations such as tooth involvement, bone lesions, mucosal ulcers, and periodontal problems can occur, and they might be the only manifestation of LCH. A subtle diagnosis is crucial and can be started with dental examinations. A 5-year-old girl was examined with the chief complaint of gingival recession with no pain, caries, or calculus. The clinical and radiographical assessment led to further immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluations. The diagnosis was LCH based on S-100 and cluster of differentiation 1a (CD1a) markers. LCH can involve different cells and tissues locally or generally. The early detection and treatment of LCH increase children's survival rate and quality of future life. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is important among dentists. They must consider that abnormal mobility, gingival, or periodontal problems with no logical cause might warn about a latent problem. Sometimes extraction of loose teeth is not the end of treatment; it is the start of neglecting a serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nazemisalman
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
| | - Mobina Sadat Zarabadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
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Vizcarra Ruiz LA, Sarmiento Hernández SN, Villalobos Rodelo JJ. [Oral pathologies in pediatric patients related to juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus and considerations in stomatological management. A review]. Rev Cient Odontol (Lima) 2023; 11:e179. [PMID: 38312465 PMCID: PMC10831998 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1104-2023-179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Juvenile lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is a rheumatic disease that affects the functioning of internal organs and is multisystemic. It is a chronic condition and is usually associated with very significant morbidity, which is higher in children and adolescents than in adults. Objectives Describe and identify the most current concepts of jSLE, etiology, epidemiology of the disease, semiology, oral manifestations, as well as treatment, consequences and differences with systemic lupus erythematosus in adults (aSLE). Materials and methods A literature search was carried out in PubMed, Ebsco, SciELO, and ELSEVIER, using the key words, "Juvenile lupus erythematosus","dental caries", "oral manifestation", "children dentistry". Aimed at studies carried out in humans between 2010 to 2023 and the most relevant topics related to this disease were analyzed. Results The information that was collected corresponds to the last 13 years, with the purpose of making an update on the topic of study, 750 articles were reviewed which were analyzed with the inclusion and exclusion criteria but only 50 met these criteria articles. Conclusion Dental care in patients with SLEj is a challenge, since there are different considerations that we must take into account before carrying out any treatment, since they present alterations in the joints, salivary glands and failures of multiple organs. It is important to know the different differential diagnoses for unequivocal detection of the disease. In the presence of signs and symptoms based on the criteria of jSLE or early onset, a consultation with the immunology area is recommended to confirm or rule out this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Aglaeé Vizcarra Ruiz
- Division de Odontopediatria, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa. Sinaloa, Mexico. , Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Division de Odontopediatria Facultad de Odontologia Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa. Sinaloa Mexico
| | - Selya Nayjaa Sarmiento Hernández
- Division de Maestria en Odontologia Integral del Nino y Adolescente, Facultad de Odontologia de la Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa. Sinaloa, Mexico. , Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Division de Maestria en Odontologia Integral del Nino y Adolescente Facultad de Odontologia Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Sinaloa Mexico
| | - Juan José Villalobos Rodelo
- Division de Maestria en Odontologia Integral del Nino y Adolescente, Facultad de Odontologia de la Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa. Sinaloa, Mexico. , Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Division de Maestria en Odontologia Integral del Nino y Adolescente Facultad de Odontologia Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Sinaloa Mexico
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Mauceri R, Coppini M, Cascio A, Trizzino M, Crivello V, Florena AM, Campisi G. Oral Secondary Syphilis in an HIV-Positive Transgender Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:231. [PMID: 37886916 PMCID: PMC10605375 DOI: 10.3390/dj11100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syphilis is a worldwide sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum. In most cases, the oral manifestations of syphilis infection are associated with cutaneous involvement. However, the present case report is noteworthy since the oral lesions are the sole clinical sign in an HIV-positive transgender patient. CASE PRESENTATIONS We reported an uncommon case of secondary syphilis in a 37-year-old seropositive transgender male, whose diagnostic suspect was based only on oral mucosal lesions. The patient was referred to the Oral Medicine Unit for the presence of multiple undiagnosed painful oral lesions. The intraoral examination revealed the presence of white and red plaques on the right and the left buccal mucosa and several painful lesions localized on the upper and lower labial mucosa. No cutaneous lesions were observed. Considering the sexual history of the patient and clinical findings, secondary syphilis infection was suspected. The serologic analysis was conducted, and the diagnosis of syphilis was confirmed. Moreover, to exclude the presence of oral epithelial dysplasia or malignant disease, an incisional biopsy was performed. DISCUSSION Compared to the literature data, oral lesions as lone signs of secondary syphilis infection are uncommon, especially in HIV-positive patients. Syphilis and HIV coinfection create a concerning situation as they interact synergistically, leading to an increased risk of transmission and faster disease progression. CONCLUSIONS This case report emphasizes the importance of considering syphilis as a diagnostic possibility, even when oral lesions are the only clinical manifestations, especially in HIV-positive patients. Comprehensive evaluation, including a detailed sexual history and careful oral examination, is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (DiChirOnS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Fragile Patients, Department of Rehabilitation, Fragility, and Continuity of Care, University Hospital Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Martina Coppini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (DiChirOnS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (V.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Marcello Trizzino
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (V.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Valentina Crivello
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (V.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Ada Maria Florena
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (V.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (DiChirOnS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Fragile Patients, Department of Rehabilitation, Fragility, and Continuity of Care, University Hospital Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Sarasati A, Agustina D, Surboyo MDC. The Oral Lesion in the COVID-19 Patient: Is It True Oral Manifestation or Not? Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4357-4385. [PMID: 37424667 PMCID: PMC10329433 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s411615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Many previously reported publications mentioned that oral lesion in COVID-19 patients was varied. The term oral manifestations refer to pathognomonic features that are found consistently with a specific cause and effect. In this context, the oral manifestation of COVID-19 was inconclusive. This systematic review aimed to analyse previously reported publications related to oral lesions in COVID-19 patients to define as oral manifestations or not. The PRISMA guidelines were implemented in this review. Methods All umbrella reviews, systematic reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, comprehensive reviews, and original and non-original studies were included. Twenty-one of systematic review, 32 original studies and 68 non-original studies reported the oral lesion in COVID-19 patients. Results Most of the publications mentioned that ulcers, macular, pseudomembranes and crusts were frequent oral lesions. The reported oral lesions in COVID-19 patients did not show any pathognomonic features and might be unrelated directly to COVID-19 infections, however, more likely due to gender, age, underlying diseases, and medication. Conclusion The oral lesions found in previous studies do not have pathognomonic features and are inconsistent. Therefore, the reported oral lesion, in present time, cannot be defined as an oral manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andari Sarasati
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Agustina
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Khongsit AK, Kumar S, Gupta B, Kumar S. An unusual case of oral sarcoidosis: A diagnostic dilemma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:607. [PMID: 38033961 PMCID: PMC10683891 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_552_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a rare type of multi-organ granulomatous disease. It is characterised by non-caseating necrotising granulomatous inflammation. The exact mechanism causing the disease is unknown due to its variation of manifestation in patients. The clinical presentation of this disease is protean, and often, patients remain asymptomatic throughout life. The most commonly affected organ by sarcoidosis is the lung accounting for up to 90% of all cases. Oral manifestation is a relatively rare presentation of sarcoidosis, and there are only a few cases reported till date. In this case report, the authors present a case of oral sarcoidosis of the retromolar trigone region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kar Khongsit
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brijnandan Gupta
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gangadaran V, Balasubramanian M. Significance of Oral Manifestations in the Diagnosis of Severe Phenytoin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Rare Case. Cureus 2023; 15:e37585. [PMID: 37069839 PMCID: PMC10105007 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenytoin is a commonly used anticonvulsant drug for the prophylaxis of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures, and neurosurgery-related seizure prevention. Phenytoin-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare but life-threatening condition. Close monitoring of blood counts may be necessary for patients receiving phenytoin, as delay in diagnosis or withdrawal of the drug can be life-threatening. Clinical manifestations of phenytoin-induced thrombocytopenia are usually reported within one to three weeks after drug initiation. In this article, we report a unique case of drug-induced thrombocytopenia that manifested as multiple hemorrhagic lesions in the oral mucous membrane three months after phenytoin initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinodh Gangadaran
- Department of Dentistry, Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
| | - Manonmani Balasubramanian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
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Sharan J, Mohapatra S, Chhabra G, Padhi S, Biswal S, Barhate UH, Jena AK. Gingival hyperplasia: An initial oral manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:201-206. [PMID: 37152465 PMCID: PMC10159087 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_54_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Various systemic diseases can manifest oral signs and symptoms early, which may be crucial for diagnosis and outlining the treatment plan. This case report highlights the presentation of acute leukemia (a malignancy of white blood cells) in a young female. An 11-year-old girl presented with gingival overgrowth and bleeding from the gingiva, weakness, and recent history of weight loss. A detailed workup consisting of complete blood count, bone marrow examination, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and molecular studies were carried out. The investigations confirmed the infiltration of blast cells of myelomonocytic origin, and a confirmatory diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (French-American-British classification M5) was made. The patient was put on induction chemotherapy and responded well. She developed febrile neutropenia following chemotherapy, which was managed conservatively. Gingival overgrowth subsided after the chemotherapy, and at the time of discharge, she was asymptomatic and hemodynamically stable. The oral health-care professionals must recognize that gingival overgrowth/enlargement may represent an initial manifestation of an underlying systematic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Sharan
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sonali Mohapatra
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Gaurav Chhabra
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Somanath Padhi
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sandhya Biswal
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Uday Hemant Barhate
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jena
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Nery FVR, Souza DAS, Dantas JBDL, Martins GB, Reis SRDA, Medrado ARAP. Oral manifestations in patients diagnosed with psoriasis: A systematic review. Spec Care Dentist 2023; 43:29-39. [PMID: 35714330 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the main types of oral lesions associated with psoriasis. METHODS AND RESULTS It was a systematic review, based on a search performed in the PubMed/Medline, and Scielo databases, and an associated manual search. Descriptors were selected from DeCs/MeSH and the PICOS strategy (population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study design) was applied. Randomized clinical trials and retrospective and prospective studies published from 2000 to 2022 were included, according to the PRISMA parameters (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis), registered in the PROSPERO platform. The STROBE quality scale (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology) was also used. One hundred fourteen articles were identified using the search strategy, and nine articles were found in the manual search. Of the sixty-six preselected articles, seven were included in the study. Although it was not possible to identify a specific oral lesion associated with psoriasis, there was a greater occurrence of geographic tongue, fissured tongue, and Candida sp. infection CONCLUSION: Evidence shows that although patients with psoriasis may exhibit lesions in the oral mucosa, they are not specific to this condition. Further epidemiological studies are needed to address the association of psoriasis with possible changes in the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliana Borges de Lima Dantas
- PhD student of the Pos-graduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems in the Institute of Health Sciences of the Federal University of Bahia, Professor at Bahiana - School of Medicine and Public Health, Professor of Adventist College of Bahia, Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Botelho Martins
- PhD in Clinical Stomatology from PUC-RS, Associate Professor of Health Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Impact of Rheumatic Diseases on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Cureus 2022; 14:e32268. [PMID: 36483518 PMCID: PMC9726272 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) represents a part of the general health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This OHRQoL indicates someone's subjective knowledge of a patient's oral health status, which is mostly associated with physical conditions and general HRQoL issues. A report by the World Health Organization labeled rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases as the second most reported cause of disability worldwide. Considering their potential influence on the masticatory system, rheumatic diseases (RDs) can significantly affect oral health and the quality of life. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of RDs on OHRQoL, including oral complaints, oral habits, oral functions, and dental care. Materials and methods This cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted in multi-governmental medical and dental institutions in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The research was approved by the ethics committee Institutional Review Board (IRB). The validated surveys were distributed to the subjects manually. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.0 software, and all parameters were expressed in frequencies and percentages. Results The study included 108 patients: 10 males (9.3%) and 98 (90.7%) females. Approximately 81% of the study group reported occasional changes in the quality of life caused by oral or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) problems. Dental caries and periodontal diseases were the most commonly reported complaints (73.1%). Regarding oral manifestations of RDs affecting the quality of life, 91.7% of participants never experienced difficulty speaking and taste changes; pain and discomfort in the mouth were always present in 4.6% of the participants. Conclusion Patients with RDs exhibited reduced OHRQoL, with several differences between the entities. Specifically, OHRQoL decreased in diseases with more oral manifestations, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which showed a high percentage in this study (SLE, about 27.8%; RA, 62%).
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Xie Y, Jiang S, Jiang Y, Qiu Y, Luo X, Chen Q. Follicular lymphoma manifests as multiple erosive and proliferative lesions of the oral mucosa: case report and brief literature review. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:514. [PMCID: PMC9675221 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erosion is one of the most common and basic lesions of oral mucosal diseases. Long-term refractory oral erosions, induced by autoimmune blistering diseases, infectious diseases, malignant diseases, and some rare conditions, may substantially reduce the quality of life of patients or even constitute a life-threatening condition, resulting in a clinical dilemma regarding the accurate diagnosis and precise management of these diseases. As a special type of malignant lymphoma, most lesions of follicular lymphoma (FL) in the oral mucosa present as masses or swelling of the oral mucosa, while emerging novel presentations lead to intractable diagnoses. Hence, diagnostic algorithms for such diseases are clinically required. Case presentation A 55-year-old female patient presented to the clinic with long-lasting oral mucosal erosions and proliferative lesions. Blood tests, pathological examinations of oral lesions including haematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining, and direct immunofluorescence precluded all of the potential diagnoses described previously. Unexpectedly, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and abdominal CT of the patient revealed a dense mass in the retroperitoneal area, and the final diagnosis of the retroperitoneal mass was FL. After three courses of chemotherapy conducted by the haematologist, the erosion and proliferative lesions in the patient's oral mucosa had significantly improved. HE and immunohistochemical staining results of intraoral lesions also confirmed it as oral FL. The successful diagnosis of FL in this case is of great clinical significance, as the oral and abdominal FL were treated in a timely manner to avoid unfavourable outcomes. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of FL that exhibited widespread erosions interspersed with proliferative lesions. Clinicians should be aware of oral FL or seek systemic factors in the presence of similar refractory oral erosions when treatment is non-responsive and the diagnosis is intractable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - You Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yulang Xie
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Sixin Jiang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
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13
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Doceda MV, Gavriiloglou M, Petit C, Huck O. Oral Health Implications of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Oral Health Prev Dent 2022; 20:207-218. [PMID: 35481345 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b2960801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES The aim of this sytematic review was to evaluate the potential association of COVID-19 infection with oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Screening in different databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Embase databases) was performed to identify relevant articles, focusing on the oral health of patients with COVID-19, and published up to November 2021. 5194 articles were identified, and 29 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Patients presenting more severe periodontal or dental diseases were at an increased risk of developing COVID-19 complications and being admitted to intensive care units. According to the included articles, U-shaped lingual papillitis and aphthous-like ulcers on the tongue are the most frequent lesions assessed in the oral cavity of COVID-19 patients, while xerostomia seems to be an early COVID-19 diagnostic symptom. Apart from the presence of the virus, the global lockdown had a detrimental impact on oral health. The occurrence of dental emergencies was augmented during this time due to the postponement of numerous non-emergency dental procedures. CONCLUSIONS The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in periodontal tissues and salivary fractions may explain the presence of oral lesions during the infection. However, the virus's direct or indirect effect on oral mucosa is unclear. It is important to consider that these manifestations might be attributed to underlying comorbidities, or co-existing or subsequent lesions produced by local irritants.
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14
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Nijakowski K, Wyzga S, Singh N, Podgórski F, Surdacka A. Oral Manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11. [PMID: 35456297 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the human population by revealing many health problems, including within the oral cavity. This systematic review was designed to answer the question "Is there a relationship between oral manifestations and SARS-CoV-2 infection?". Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-seven studies were included (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Based on the meta-analysis, nearly two-thirds of the SARS-CoV-2 positive patients reported oral symptoms, in particular taste alterations, xerostomia and ulcerations (54.73% [95% CI: 46.28-63.04%], 37.58% [95% CI: 26.35-49.53%], and 21.43% [95% CI: 13.17-31.06%], respectively). In conclusion, despite the conducted systematic review, the increased prevalence of oral manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection cannot be clearly established due to the possible association of other factors, e.g., individual or environmental factors.
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15
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Höglund Wetter M, Mattsson U. Oral manifestations of extranodal lymphomas - a review of the literature with emphasis on clinical implications for the practicing dentist. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:401-410. [PMID: 35108151 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.2020896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lymphoma is a heterogenous group of malignant tumours with proliferation of lymphoid cells or their precursors. Lymphomas in the head and neck region are usually found in Waldeyer's ring. Intraoral lymphomas are rare and the clinical presentation and roentgenological appearance may resemble other and benign conditions, entailing a risk for diagnostic delay. The objective of the present literature review was to identify subjective symptoms, clinical presentations and roentgenological appearances which should raise suspicion of lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature review identified 41 case series with head and neck lymphomas (n = 3880) and 384 case reports (n = 567 cases) of intraoral lymphomas. Information of demographics, clinical presentation, subjective symptoms and roentgenological appearance was registered. RESULTS The most common clinical presentation was a broad-based swelling or bulging mass with or without simultaneous ulceration, frequently with a relatively rapid growth pattern. Subjective symptoms varied considerably. Intraosseous lymphomas were frequently associated with paresthaesia or numbness. The most common roentgenological finding was a radiolucency with diffuse demarcation. CONCLUSIONS The clinical presentation, symptomatology and roentgenological appearance of intraoral lymphomas varied. Diagnostic delay was usually associated with a lymphoma initially misdiagnosed as a lesion of dental aetiology or a reactive lesion. Inadequate healing after tooth extraction or symptoms of numbness or pain without obvious dental origin should merit further clinical and roentgenological examination. Biopsy is indicated when there is the slightest doubt of the true nature of mucosal lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulf Mattsson
- Clinic of Medical Dentistry, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Oral pathology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden
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16
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James A, Gunasekaran N, Thayalan D, Krishnan R, Mahalingam R. Diagnosing oral lesions in immunocompromised individuals: A case report with a review of literature. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:S139-S142. [PMID: 35450247 PMCID: PMC9017828 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_281_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lesions are often the first tell-tale sign for human immunodeficiency virus infections (HIV). Numerous oral lesions have been associated with HIV infections, some lesions such as candidiasis being more common than others. Regular oral screening can aid in identifying such lesions allowing for the early diagnosis of HIV and help in monitoring the progression of HIV in such individuals. We report a case of a family who manifested with oral lesions consistent with HIV. A review of literature on diagnosing immunocompromised individuals in clinical practice has also been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha James
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nandhini Gunasekaran
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dineshkumar Thayalan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajkumar Krishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Mahalingam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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Park GC, Bang SY, Lee HW, Choi KU, Kim JM, Shin SC, Cheon YI, Sung ES, Lee M, Lee JC, Kim HS, Lee BJ. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 immunolocalization and oral manifestations of COVID-19. Oral Dis 2022; 28 Suppl 2:2456-2464. [PMID: 35000261 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry into the host cells depends on the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). We investigated the distribution of ACE2- and TMPRSS2-expressing cells in various oral tissues to identify the underlying mechanism of oral manifestations in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Subjects We analysed the expression patterns of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the oral mucosa (tongue, palate, and buccal mucosa), trigeminal ganglion, vessels, and salivary glands of 9 Sprague-Dawley rats using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. RESULTS ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were strongly expressed in the intermediate layer of the squamous epithelia of tongue papillae and buccal mucosa. ACE2- and TMPRSS2-positive cells were observed in the taste buds of the tongue. Additionally, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were co-expressed in the ductal epithelium and acinar cells of salivary glands. Furthermore, both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were stained in the neuronal cell body of trigeminal ganglia, but not in Schwann cells. Moreover, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were expressed in capillaries, but not in venules/arterioles. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 can spread the suprabasal area of squamous epithelia of the oral mucosa, invades taste bud, trigeminal nerve, parotid gland, and microvessel, resulting in oral manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Cheol Park
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Bang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National Universtiy and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyoun Wook Lee
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Kyung Un Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Pusan National Universtiy and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National Universtiy and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National Universtiy and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yong-Il Cheon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National Universtiy and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eui-Suk Sung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Minhyung Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jin-Choon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National Universtiy and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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18
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Khodavirdipour A, Asadimanesh M, Masoumi SA. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Blueprints on the Oral Manifestation of COVID-19: A Case Report. Glob Med Genet 2021; 8:183-185. [PMID: 34877577 PMCID: PMC8635811 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsegmented positive-sense RNA enveloped RNA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can result in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This virus is from β-coronaviridae family of viruses. The common signs and symptoms of COVID-19 include pyrexia, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia, cephalgia, diarrhea, and nausea. Physicians and dentists around the world could directly link the COVID-19 and oral diseases such as ageusia and anosmia. After time passes, different aspects of symptoms of the diseases have been discovered. Research suggests that the oral cavity is the most vulnerable region for the virus because of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor abundance in the mouth. In this case report (no. of patients = 6), we would like to report significant findings in patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 reported to our clinic during May 2021 complaining about the oral manifestation of it such as xerostomia, gingival inflammation, and cracked teeth. All patients are younger than 40 years with no history of dental complaints and oral diseases. Fortunately, these symptoms are not life threatening and treatable/manageable by current treatment options. To date, there is no clear proof of how and via which pathway, SARS-CoV-2 genomic blueprint causes the oral manifestation of COVID-19 beside ACE2 receptor which is the only known biopathway for such incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Khodavirdipour
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Zarpellon A, Matuck BF, Dolhnikoff M, Duarte-Neto AN, Maia G, Gomes SC, Sendyk DI, Souza SCOM, Mauad T, Saldiva PHN, Braz-Silva PH, da Silva LFF. Oral lesions and SARS-CoV-2: A postmortem study. Oral Dis 2021; 28 Suppl 2:2551-2555. [PMID: 34634156 PMCID: PMC8661960 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Zarpellon
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno F Matuck
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amaro N Duarte-Neto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,São Paulo Autopsy Service, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilvan Maia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara C Gomes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel I Sendyk
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana C O M Souza
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo H N Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo H Braz-Silva
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz F F da Silva
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,São Paulo Autopsy Service, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Bhujel N, Zaheer K, Singh RP. Oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:1024-30. [PMID: 34563354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a new disease that presents mainly with respiratory symptoms. However, it can present with a multitude of signs and symptoms that affect various body systems and several oral manifestations have also been reported. We carried out a systematic review to explore the types of oral mucosal lesions that have been reported in the COVID-19-related literature up to 25 March 2021. A structured electronic database search using Medline, Embase, and CINAHL, as well as a grey literature search using Google Scholar, revealed a total of 322 studies. After the removal of duplicates and completion of the primary and secondary filtering processes, 12 studies were included for final appraisal. In patients with COVID-19 infection, we identified several different types of oral mucosal lesions at various locations within the oral cavity. Most of the studies appraised had a high risk of bias according to the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. The current published literature does not allow differentiation as to whether the oral lesions were caused by the viral infection itself, or were related to oral manifestations secondary to existing comorbidities or the treatment instigated to combat the disease. It is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the possible link between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, and we hereby discuss our findings.
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21
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Riofrio G, Castillo S, Salcedo G, Alvitez-Temoche D, Watanabe R, Mayta-Tovalino F. Future Challenges of Covid-19 and Oral Manifestations in Daily Dental Practice: A Literature Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:242-247. [PMID: 34268185 PMCID: PMC8257013 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_21_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some patients reportedly present with oral manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). It is unknown if this is due to the virus itself or a side effect of treatment; however, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has been shown to have a predilection for angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors that are present in the respiratory tract, oral mucosa, tongue, and salivary glands, causing alterations in taste and smell. Therefore, the objective of this review was to present the future challenges of Covid-19 and oral manifestations in daily dental practice through a literature review. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scientific evidence in the databases Scopus and PubMed was searched using the Boolean operators. Articles published in Spanish and English between January and December 2020 were included. RESULTS Of the 89 articles found in Scopus, 69 were of the open access type and 20 were in the "others" category; only 22 scientific articles were found in PubMed. CONCLUSION It is important to take into account these clinical manifestations such as loss of taste and smell in order to detect the disease. Good oral hygiene is also recommended as a preventive measure to reduce viral load, which considerably reduces the probability of infecting other people who are in contact with the infected patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grecia Riofrio
- Academic Department, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Stephanny Castillo
- Academic Department, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriela Salcedo
- Academic Department, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Romel Watanabe
- Department of Rehabilitative Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Frank Mayta-Tovalino
- CHANGE Research Working Group, Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
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22
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Fernandes Matuck B, Dolhnikoff M, Maia GVA, Isaac Sendyk D, Zarpellon A, Costa Gomes S, Duarte-Neto AN, Rebello Pinho JR, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Sousa SCM, Mauad T, Saldiva PHDN, Braz-Silva PH, da Silva LFF. Periodontal tissues are targets for Sars-Cov-2: a post-mortem study. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 13:1848135. [PMID: 33391625 PMCID: PMC7717160 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1848135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ability of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 to spread is one of the determinants of the COVID-19 pandemic status. Until June 2020, global COVID-19 cases surpassed 10 million. Asymptomatic patients, with no respiratory impairment, are believed to be responsible for more than 80% of the transmission. Other viruses have been consistently detected in periodontal tissues. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in periodontal tissue. Methods: We conducted video-endoscope minimally invasive post-mortem biopsy in seven fatal cases of COVID-19, using a regular endoscope video system associated with a smartphone to locate periodontal tissue. We analyzed the samples using RT-PCR, to identify the SARS-CoV-2 RNA and histopathological analysis. Results: The seven studied autopsies with positive laboratory tests for COVID-19 included 57.14% of female patients at the average age of 47.4 (range 8 to 74). In five cases, periodontal tissue was positive for SARS-CoV-2 (RT-PCR). Histopathologic analyses showed morphologic alterations in the keratinocytes of the junctional epithelium, a vacuolization of the cytoplasm and nucleus and nuclear pleomorphism. Conclusion: We presented a biomolecular analysis obtained from minimally invasive autopsies. This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in periodontal tissue in COVID-19 positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilvan V. A. Maia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Isaac Sendyk
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Zarpellon
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara Costa Gomes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of Sao Paulo, Department of Gastroenterology, LIM-07, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michele Soares Gomes-Gouvêa
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of Sao Paulo, Department of Gastroenterology, LIM-07, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana C.O. M. Sousa
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo H. Braz-Silva
- Department of Stomatology, Division of General Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Institue of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Sinjari B, D'Ardes D, Santilli M, Rexhepi I, D'Addazio G, Di Carlo P, Chiacchiaretta P, Caputi S, Cipollone F. SARS-CoV-2 and Oral Manifestation: An Observational, Human Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3218. [PMID: 33036482 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and oral manifestations is still controversial. The aim of this observational study was to determine the oral manifestation of the hospitalized patients for COVID-19. A total of 20 patients met the inclusion criteria and gave their signed informed consent. A questionnaire of 32 questions regarding the oral and systemic health condition was administrated to these patients during the convalescence. A descriptive statistic was performed. Data were analysed through the use of χ2 test, to assess the statistical significance. A statistically significant increase of about 30% of reporting xerostomia during hospitalization was observed (p = 0.02). Meanwhile, a decrease of oral hygiene was observed during the hospitalization, even if a non-statistically significant difference was shown between the two study time points (before and after hospitalization). During the hospitalization period, 25% of patients reported impaired taste, 15% burning sensation, and 20% difficulty in swallowing. An interesting result was that among the systemic conditions, hypertension was observed in 39% of patients and mostly in female patients (62.5%). Further studies are necessary to better understand the symptoms of this new virus in order to faster detect its presence in humans. Probably, a multidisciplinary team following the COVID-19 patients could be of key importance in treating this disease.
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24
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Vereb T, Augusztin LÉ, Seres L, Piffkó J. Principles of dental care of transplanted patients. Orv Hetil 2020; 161:1506-1513. [PMID: 32886625 DOI: 10.1556/650.2020.31828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of organ transplants is being on the rise. State-of-the-art immunosuppressive therapies and modern peri- and postoperative care have significantly increased life expectancy of transplanted patients, therefore, dentists and oral surgeons may encounter these patients more frequently. Although the number of successful transplants in Hungary has recently exceeded ten thousand; there is still no dental treatment protocol for these patients. AIM The authors aimed to review and analyse the international literature about the perioperative dental care of transplanted patients based on good practice and evidence-based care protocols. MATERIAL AND METHOD A review and comparative analysis of the English and Hungarian literature between 2010 and 2019 was conducted in relation to the objective pursued. RESULTS The number of scientific papers in this topic is limited and their level of evidence is low. In our paper, the risk factors of transplantation and the cornerstones of perioperative, early and late postoperative dental management are described. Organ-specific considerations and possible oral manifestations of the applied medications are also presented. CONCLUSION Lifelong administered immunosuppressive medications and the resulting artificially weakened immune system require increased attention from dentists and other healthcare professionals during patient aftercare. Close cooperation between the treating physician/surgeon and the dentist is essential to maintain patient safety. Moreover, inflammatory disorders may put the patients at increased risk, so maintaining good oral hygiene is essential. Regular dental check-ups, early detection and adequate therapy can be the cornerstones of long-term uncomplicated survival. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(36): 1506-1513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Vereb
- Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Arc-, Állcsont- és Szájsebészeti Klinika,Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szeged, Kálvária sgt. 57., 6725
| | - Lilla Éva Augusztin
- Fogorvostudományi Kar, Szájsebészeti Tanszék,Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szeged
| | - László Seres
- Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Arc-, Állcsont- és Szájsebészeti Klinika,Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szeged, Kálvária sgt. 57., 6725
| | - József Piffkó
- Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Arc-, Állcsont- és Szájsebészeti Klinika,Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szeged, Kálvária sgt. 57., 6725
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25
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Irritable bowel disease (IBD) is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation of the entire digestive system, which includes the oral cavity. Oral manifestations of IBD includes aphthous ulcerations which may appear spontaneously and resemble episodes of active flare ups of IBD. The presence of oral mucosal ulcerations, in addition with other systemic symptoms and exclusion of other etiological causes, requires an interdisciplinary team approach to diagnose and manage. CASE PRESENTATION A 19-year-old female presented with significant ulcerations next to a surgical site after a tooth extraction and ridge preservation procedure. The patient reported a history of preexisting episodes of ulcerations and continued to develop ulcers while the surgical site was healing. A referral to a gastroenterologist lead to a confirmed diagnosis of IBD. CONCLUSION This case report presents a case of mucosal ulceration after surgical intervention that lead to the diagnosis of IBD. Appropriate and timely identification of oral manifestations of systemic disease conditions is key in early diagnosis and disease management. Connecting oral lesions to early presentation of systemic conditions potentially reduces a patient's systemic disease burden and improves their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Steigmann
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Celia Sommer
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Ansari R, Gheitani M, Heidari F, Heidari F. Oral cavity lesions as a manifestation of the novel virus (COVID-19). Oral Dis 2020; 27 Suppl 3:771-772. [PMID: 32510821 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ansari
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Gheitani
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Farrokh Heidari
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Heidari
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Oruba Z, Kaczmarzyk T, Urbańczyk K, Jurczyszyn A, Fornagiel S, Gałązka K, Bednarczyk A, Chomyszyn-Gajewska M. Intra oral manifestation of systemic AL amyloidosis with unique microscopic presentation of intracellular amyloid deposition in striated muscles. POL J PATHOL 2018; 69:200-4. [PMID: 30351869 DOI: 10.5114/pjp.2018.76705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the history of a 59-year old patient with systemic AL amyloidosis of intraoral manifestation. The patient first presented with complaints about dysphagia and remarkable enlargement of the tongue with highly reduced mobility, as well as bilateral submucosal thickenings on the cheeks. Histopathological examination of the incisional biopsy of the buccal mucosa and underlying tissues revealed AL amyloidosis. The microscopic presentation was, however, unique, as the amyloid deposits were present intracellularly in the striated muscles. The subsequent bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of primary amyloidosis/multiple myeloma - associated amyloidosis.
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28
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El Howati A, Tappuni A. Systematic review of the changing pattern of the oral manifestations of HIV. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 9:e12351. [PMID: 30019446 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study paper was to review the reported prevalence of the oral manifestations of HIV (OM-HIV) worldwide since 1980, and to determine the global variation in its prevalence over time. PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar were searched. The filter "English" was used. The timeframe searched was 1980- 2015. The PRISMA flow chart was used. Data were extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute standardized data extraction form and transferred to SPSS version 22 for analysis. The systematic review of 97 studies (70 low bias risk) showed that the prevalence of OM-HIV continue to be significant in developing countries. Globally and through all the decades, oral candidiasis remained the most commonly encountered OM-HIV, including among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (26.2%). Hairy leukoplakia was more prevalent in Europe and America compared with Africa and Asia. Oral warts were reported more often in studies on patients receiving ART. Interestingly, salivary gland disease decreased in the developed world and increased in developing countries over time. Despite the changing pattern of these conditions over time, there is no evidence that the OM-HIV have become of less significance globally. Maintaining the drive for high-quality research in the subject will have an impact on less developed countries to help address oral health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma El Howati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Benghazi (Garyounis) University, Benghazi, Libya.,Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Libyan International Medical University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Anwar Tappuni
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Leiba M, Jarjoura S, Abboud W, Nagler A, Yahalom R, Duek A, Yarom N. Role of oral examination in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: A safe and simple way to detect light chain amyloidosis. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1343-1348. [PMID: 29791070 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Up to 30% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients have subclinical amyloid deposits. These patients are under-recognized and are more susceptible to drug toxicity, bleeding and death. Early diagnosis and adjustment of treatment are crucial. Biopsies of oral mucosa might be a potentially useful diagnostic tool. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics at presentation of oral amyloidosis in a large cohort of MM patients. METHODS The prevalence and characteristics of oral amyloidosis in a large cohort of MM patients who were referred for oral evaluation before and during bisphosphonate therapy were assessed, retrospectively. RESULTS Among 212 patients analysed, 13 (6%) were diagnosed with concomitant light chain (AL) amyloidosis. In 54% (n = 7), lesions in the oral cavity compatible with amyloid deposition were detected by examination. CONCLUSIONS The salient feature of this study is the high prevalence of oral manifestations among MM patients with amyloidosis. These results highlight the value of routine oral cavity examination and biopsy as a safe and simple method for detecting light chain amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merav Leiba
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.,Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suha Jarjoura
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Waseem Abboud
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Yahalom
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Adrian Duek
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Yarom
- Oral Medicine Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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30
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Bakhtiari S, Sehatpour M, Mortazavi H, Bakhshi M. Orofacial manifestations of adverse drug reactions: a review study. Med Pharm Rep 2018; 91:27-36. [PMID: 29440948 PMCID: PMC5808263 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse reaction to medication is common and may have a variety of clinical manifestations in the oral cavity. The present review paper aimed to describe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which might be encountered by dental practitioners in every discipline. Methods In this narrative review article, the specialized databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus, and reference books from the years 2000-2016 were used to find relevant documents by using MeSH terms: Adverse Drug Reaction, Drug induced, Medication Related, Mouth, Oral Manifestation, Tooth, Hard Tissue, Soft Tissue. Results The data were categorized in 4 groups as follows: saliva and salivary glands involvement, soft tissue (mucosal) involvement, hard tissue involvement, and non specific conditions (taste disorders, halitosis, neuropathies, movement disturbances, and infection). Most articles were about the adverse effect of drugs on the function of salivary glands, which often cause a decrease in saliva secretion. Other reactions were less common; meanwhile, the side effect of bisphosphonate was increasing in the alveolar bone, because of its unlimited prescription. Conclusion Oral health care providers should be familiar with such events, as they will be confronted with them in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Bakhtiari
- Oral Medicine Department, Dental Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Marziye Sehatpour
- Oral Medicine Department, Dental Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hamed Mortazavi
- Oral Medicine Department, Dental Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahin Bakhshi
- Oral Medicine Department, Dental Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant neoplasm of myeloid series defined by the presence of immature blast cells (>30%) in peripheral circulation. Oral manifestations are the potential indicators of systemic health and disease. Oral cavity is the frequently and early involved sites in AML. Gingival overgrowth due to leukemia is one such condition encountered by periodontists. Hence, understanding, identifying, and correlating oral manifestations with systemic diseases are the ultimate responsibility of every dental clinician because of its lethal and unpredictable course. In the present case, we are discussing an undiagnosed case of AML who presented to us with oral complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Singh Ratre
- Department of Periodontology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Gulati
- Department of Periodontology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shaleen Khetarpal
- Department of Periodontology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Parihar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Crincoli V, Di Comite M, Guerrieri M, Rotolo RP, Limongelli L, Tempesta A, Iannone F, Rinaldi A, Lapadula G, Favia G. Orofacial Manifestations and Temporomandibular Disorders of Sjögren Syndrome: An Observational Study. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:475-483. [PMID: 29559836 PMCID: PMC5859770 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.23044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS: Sjӧgren Syndrome is a disorder involving oral tissues, with xerostomia, dysgeusia, dysphagia, tooth decay, gingivitis, angular cheilitis and glossitis. Temporomandibular disorders are a generic term referred to clinical conditions involving the jaw muscles and temporomandibular joint. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral manifestations and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in Sjӧgren Syndrome (SS) patients compared with healthy people. METHODS: The study group included 72 SS patients (2 men, 70 women) diagnosed according to the American-European Consensus Group (AECG) Criteria. A randomly selected group of 72 patients, matched by sex and age, served as control group. The examination for TMD signs and symptoms was based on the standardized Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) through a questionnaire and clinical examination. RESULTS: SS patients complained more frequently (95.8%) of oral symptoms (xerostomia, dysgeusia, dysphagia) than controls (22.2%) (χ2= 80.66 p< 0.001). TMD symptoms (muscle pain on chewing, difficulty in mouth opening, arthralgia, headaches, tinnitus) were complained by 91.7% of SS patients and by 84.7% of controls (χ2= 1,667 p= 0,196). At the clinical examination, 91,7% of SS had at least one oral sign respect to 75 % of controls. The salivary flow measurements showed high statistical significance between the two groups (Unpaired test, p< 0,0001). Myofascial pain (caused by muscular contracture) was significantly higher in the study group than in the control one (p≤ 0,05). Furthermore 18,05% of SS patients showed deflection versus 5,5% of controls (χ2=5,402 p=0,020). CONCLUSIONS: Sjӧgren's Syndrome seems to play a role in temporomandibular joint disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Crincoli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Mariasevera Di Comite
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Luisa Limongelli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Tempesta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Rinaldi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lapadula
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Favia
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Italy
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Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is the autosomal dominant-inherited multisystem connective-tissue disorder, with a reported incidence of 1 in 10,000 individuals and equal distribution in both genders. The main clinical manifestation of this disorder consists of an exaggerated length of the upper and lower limbs, hyperlaxity, scoliosis, alterations in the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, and atypical bone overgrowth. Orofacial manifestations such as high-arched palate, hypodontia, long narrow teeth, bifid uvula, mandibular prognathism, and temporomandibular disorders are also common. Early diagnosis of MFS is essential to prevent the cardiovascular complications and treatment of orofacial manifestations, thus to increase the quality of life of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sivasankari
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Puducherry, India
| | - Philips Mathew
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Ravi David Austin
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sakthi Devi
- Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Puducherry, India
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Crincoli V, Fatone L, Fanelli M, Rotolo RP, Chialà A, Favia G, Lapadula G. Orofacial Manifestations and Temporomandibular Disorders of Systemic Scleroderma: An Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1189. [PMID: 27455250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroderma is a disorder involving oral and facial tissues, with skin hardening, thin lips, deep wrinkles, xerostomia, tongue rigidity, and microstomia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral manifestations and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) patients compared with healthy people. Eighty patients (6 men, 74 women) fulfilling ACR/EULAR SSc Criteria were enrolled. A randomly selected group of 80 patients, matched by sex and age served as control group. The examination for TMD signs and symptoms was based on the standardized Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) through a questionnaire and clinical examination. SSc patients complained more frequently (78.8%) of oral symptoms (Xerostomia, dysgeusia, dysphagia and stomatodynia) than controls (28.7%) (χ2 = 40.23 p = 0.001). TMD symptoms (muscle pain on chewing, difficulty in mouth opening, headaches) were complained by 92.5% of SSc patients and by 76.2% of controls (χ2 = 8.012 p = 0.005). At the clinical examination, 85% of SSc patients showed restricted opening versus 20.0% of controls (χ2 = 67.77 p = 0.001), 81.2% of SSc showed reduced right lateral excursion versus 50% of controls (χ2 = 17.316 p = 0.001); 73.8% of SSc showed limited left lateral excursion versus 53.8% of controls (χ2 = 6.924 p = 0.009); and 73.8% of SSc had narrow protrusion versus 56.2% of controls (χ2 = 5.385 p = 0.02).
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Wu YC, Wang YP, Chang JYF, Cheng SJ, Chen HM, Sun A. Oral manifestations and blood profile in patients with iron deficiency anemia. J Formos Med Assoc 2013; 113:83-7. [PMID: 24388269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia. This study evaluated whether IDA patients had specific oral manifestations and a particular blood profile compared to normal controls. METHODS The oral manifestations and mean red blood cell (RBC) count, corpuscular cell volume, RBC distribution width, Mentzer index, and Green and King index as well as blood concentrations of hemoglobin, iron, total iron binding capacity, vitamin B12, folic acid, and homocysteine in 75 IDA patients and in 150 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were measured and compared. RESULTS IDA patients had significantly higher frequencies of all oral manifestations than healthy controls (p < 0.001 for all), in which burning sensation of oral mucosa (76.0%), lingual varicosity (56.0%), dry mouth (49.3%), oral lichen planus (33.3%), and atrophic glossitis (26.7%) were the five leading oral manifestations for IDA patients. Moreover, IDA patients had significantly lower mean hemoglobin level, RBC count, corpuscular cell volume, Mentzer index, iron level, and vitamin B12 level (p < 0.001 for all except p = 0.003 for vitamin B12) as well as significantly higher mean RBC distribution width, Green and King index and total iron binding capacity level (p < 0.001 for all) than healthy controls. However, no significant difference in the mean blood folic acid or homocysteine level was found between 75 IDA patients and 150 healthy controls. CONCLUSION IDA patients have specific oral manifestations and a particular blood profile compared to normal controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Che Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Julia Yu-Fong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Shih-Jung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andy Sun
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic technique that permits the visualization of morphologic features that are not visible to the naked eye. It is currently widely used for examination of pigmented skin lesions and early detection of cutaneous melanoma. Dermoscopy of mucous membranes is significantly less investigated and less popular among clinicians.This article reviews current knowledge about characteristic dermoscopy features of pigmented lesions of the oral mucous membranes and lips. It has to emphasized that a major advantage of dermoscopy is the capability to exclude melanoma and avoid unnecessary excisional biopsies and extensive surgery, often resulting in significant disfigurement of face and oral cavity.It has to be pointed out that there is a necessity to intensify research, which would result in clear-cut dermoscopy criteria for mucosal melanoma and the need for constructing thin, flexible dermoscopes suitable for investigation of oral mucous membranes.
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Davoodi P, Hamian M, Nourbaksh R, Ahmadi Motamayel F. Oral Manifestations Related To CD4 Lymphocyte Count in HIV-Positive Patients. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2010; 4:115-9. [PMID: 23346337 PMCID: PMC3429960 DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2010.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims
The onset of opportunistic infections in HIV-positive patients is generally associated with a low CD4 count. Oral manifestations can be the first clinical sign of the infection and also determine the progression of disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral soft tissue manifestations and their relationship with the degree of immunosuppression observed in HIV-positive patients.
Materials and methods
100 HIV-positive patients were examined. Oral lesions were evaluated according to EEC clearing house criteria. The degree of immunosuppression was based on the CD4 count closest to the oral examination. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test and chi-square test.
Results
The most common oral lesions were rampant caries (54%), periodontal disease (44%), and hyperpigmentation (42%). Salivary glands enlargements and leukoplakia were associated with more severe immunosuppression.
Conclusion
According to the results, it seems that occurrence of only some of oral lesions are related to the degree of immunosuppression and such lesions can be considered as indicators of the progression of the HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorandokht Davoodi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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