1
|
Silfwerbrand L, Ekselius L, Koike Y, Gingnell M. A Japanese translation of the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality. Ups J Med Sci 2024; 129:10349. [PMID: 38571888 PMCID: PMC10989215 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v129.10349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Swedish Universities Scales of Personality (SSP) is a personality measurement tool with a short test battery of high psychometric quality, previously not availiable in Japanese. Methods We translated the SSP into Japanese and administered it to 103 Japanese nationals. For 11 of the 13 SSP scales in the Japanese version of the SSP (SSP-J11), the Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.50 to 0.82 with good internal scale reliability. Results A principal factor analysis replicated the previous work by identifying the same three principal dimensions of Neuroticism, Aggression, and Extraversion factors. Conclusion The resulting three-factor SSP-J11 shows acceptable reliability and should provide informative insights about personality traits in research and clinical practice in a Japanese context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lykke Silfwerbrand
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yasuharu Koike
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Malin Gingnell
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Madsen BÅ, Fure SCR, Andelic N, Løke D, Løvstad M, Røe C, Howe EI. Exploring the Association between Personality Traits, Symptom Burden, and Return to Work after Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4654. [PMID: 37510769 PMCID: PMC10380528 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) experience persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Personality factors have been linked to PPCS, yet, the association between personality traits and outcomes after mTBI is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between personality traits, PPCS, and return to work (RTW) in patients with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data from eighty-seven participants with mild-to-moderate TBI were analyzed. Sociodemographic, injury, and work characteristics and depressive symptoms were recorded 2-3 months post-injury. Personality traits were measured using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3. PPCS and RTW were assessed 15 months post-injury. Multiple linear regression models were performed. The factors associated with more severe PPCS were female sex, higher levels of neuroticism, openness to experience and conscientiousness, extra-cranial injuries, and depressive symptoms. The factors associated with lower RTW were female sex, higher levels of neuroticism, and conscientiousness. However, after controlling for PPCS, personality traits were no longer significantly associated with RTW. In conclusion, specific personality traits were associated with more severe PPCS and may be indirectly associated with RTW via PPCS. Hence, personality traits may be important to assess to identify patients at risk of less favorable outcomes after mild-to-moderate TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikte Å Madsen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje C R Fure
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nada Andelic
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Løke
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital Trust, 1453 Nesoddtangen, Norway
| | - Marianne Løvstad
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital Trust, 1453 Nesoddtangen, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie Røe
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Emilie Isager Howe
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baldodia A, Sharma R, Tewari S. Personality traits, oral health beliefs, and periodontal parameters in patients with periodontitis. Quintessence Int 2023; 54:200-208. [PMID: 36472887 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b3648947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recognizing the construct of the Big Five personality factors with health beliefs could help in better evaluation of distinctive factors that may impact a patient's behavioral responses with reference to compliance to primary and secondary preventive measures in periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to explore association among the personality traits, oral health beliefs, and periodontal parameters in patients with periodontitis. METHOD AND MATERIALS The present single-centered, cross-sectional study consisted of 118 systemically healthy participants with generalized periodontitis stage II and III with grade B. The neuroticism-extraversion-openness five-factor inventory 3 (NEO-FFI-3) instrument was applied to assess personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness). The oral health belief questionnaire was administered to determine five oral health beliefs, namely perceived seriousness (PS), benefit of preventative practices (BPP), benefit of plaque control (BPC), efficacy of clinicians (EC), and perceived importance (I). RESULTS Spearman correlation analysis revealed that BPP and BPC were inversely correlated with neuroticism. Extraversion was positively correlated with the personality traits openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, whereas it was inversely correlated with neuroticism. Binomial logistic regression showed that the predictor "very low" and "low" levels of conscientiousness were positive and significant for clinical attachment loss ≥ 4.89 mm (b = 1.90 and 1.55; standard error = 0.70 and 0.72, P = .007 and .033), with odds ratios of 6.73 (95% CI 1.68 to 26.95) and 4.75 (95% CI 1.13 to 19.83). CONCLUSION The intensity of an individual's perception of the benefits of clinicians achieving dental health is directly correlated with levels of conscientiousness. Trends of higher odds ratios for clinical attachment loss were observed with decreasing levels of conscientiousness. (Quintessence Int 2023;54:200-208; doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b3648947).
Collapse
|
4
|
Zakershahrak M, Brennan D. Personality traits and income inequalities in self-rated oral and general health. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12893. [PMID: 35996974 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The association of low income with poor health is widely recognized, but why some low-income individuals do not experience poor health remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether greater positive personality trait scores modify the association between income and oral and general health-related quality of life (OHRQoL and HRQoL) among a representative sample of the South Australian population. Cross-sectional self-rated questionnaire data from a sample of 3645 adults in 2015-2016 were used for secondary analysis. In four factorial ANOVA models, the main effects, interaction, and effect modification of personality traits [measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI)] on the association between income and OHRQoL [measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14)] and HRQoL [measured using the European Quality of Life indicator (EQ-5D-3L)] were assessed. In the low-income group, participants with greater TIPI scale scores had lower means for the OHIP-14 and the EQ-5D-3L (better OHRQoL and HRQoL). Greater emotional stability scores modified the association between low income and HRQoL and OHRQoL. Stronger positive personality traits, such as emotional stability, appear to ameliorate the adverse effect of income inequalities in health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrsa Zakershahrak
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miskulin I, Simic I, Pavlovic N, Kovacevic J, Fotez I, Kondza G, Palenkic H, Bilic-Kirin V, Kristic M, Miskulin M. Personality Traits of Croatian University Students with Internet Addiction. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 35735383 DOI: 10.3390/bs12060173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific personality traits may predispose individuals to various forms of addictive behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the association between personality traits of university students and Internet addiction (IA). A sample of 1051 university students was recruited from the largest university in Eastern Croatia. A structured anonymous questionnaire that included questions regarding students’ sociodemographic information and Internet usage patterns, the Young Internet Addiction Test and Big Five Inventory served as a research tool. The study revealed that 1.0% of the studied sample expressed severe IA while 24.6% of study participants expressed some signs of addiction. The IA was detected in 576 (80.0%) students who used the Internet mainly for social networking, in 30 (78.9%) students who mainly used it for online gaming, and in 153 (52.2%) students who mainly used it for university assignments (p < 0.001). Higher neuroticism, higher extraversion, and higher openness to new experiences were connected with IA in general (p < 0.001). Higher neuroticism, higher extraversion, and higher openness to new experiences were significantly associated with addictive behavior during social networking (p < 0.001). Higher extraversion and higher openness to new experiences were significantly associated with addictive behavior during Internet usage for university assignments (p = 0.025), while there were no significant associations between specific personality traits and addictive behavior during online gaming (p = 0.059). Personality traits must be taken into account while developing programs and implementing interventions for preventing IA in the university student population.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rabadi RI, Rabadi AD. Validation of the Psychometric Properties of the NEO-FFI-3 in an Arabic Context. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:947-956. [PMID: 34262365 PMCID: PMC8275114 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s312829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The present study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the psychometric properties of the Arabic adaptation of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-3) to be used in research of personality inventory in the Arabic context. Methods It is a validation study of an Arabic version (NEO-AR) of the NEO-FFI-3. An online version was used to collect 1306 samples using convenient sampling in two phases. The collected data tested the validity of the inventory by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while reliability was verified using Cronbach’s alpha after an Arabic version was conjured using forward translation, testing, and back-translation. Results The principal axis factoring (PAF) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) are the analyses used to validate the factorial structure of the NEO-FFI-3 (NEO-AR). The reproduction of the original structure of NEO-FFI was proven using PAF, and CFA revealed a satisfactory fit of single-factor models for the five dimensions. The reliability analysis showed high values of internal consistency, which are congruent with previous international adaptations of the NEO-FFI-3. Conclusion The findings of the current study suggest that the Arabic version of the NEO-FFI-3 (NEO-AR) is a reliable and robust instrument to measure the five dimensions of personality of the Five-Factor Model facets as the original North America NEO-FFI-3. The results imply that the approach measuring psychological characteristics is successful across different cultures as in previous studies and the Arab World in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem I Rabadi
- School of Applied Humanities and Languages, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11190, Jordan
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Sense of coherence is the perception of the world as coherent. Its conceptual
similarities to the Big Five personality traits have been demonstrated. We
therefore investigated the relationship between sense of coherence and the Big
Five. In total, 1088 Japanese youths completed the 29-item Sense of Coherence
Scale and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. Neuroticism was negatively
correlated and extraversion was positively correlated with comprehensibility
(r = −.47, .35), manageability (r = −.44,
.26), and meaningfulness (r = −.28, .30). These correlations
were strong, and the overlap between the two scales was about 36 percent. While
the Big Five are related to sense of coherence, their differences cannot be
ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuki Ueno
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bach B, Sellbom M, Kongerslev M, Simonsen E, Krueger RF, Mulder R. Deriving ICD-11 personality disorder domains from dsm-5 traits: initial attempt to harmonize two diagnostic systems. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 136:108-117. [PMID: 28504853 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The personality disorder domains proposed for the ICD-11 comprise Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Dissociality, Disinhibition, and Anankastia, which are reasonably concordant with the higher-order trait domains in the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders. METHOD We examined (i) whether designated DSM-5 trait facets can be used to describe the proposed ICD-11 trait domains, and (ii) how these ICD-11 trait features are hierarchically organized. A mixed Danish derivation sample (N = 1541) of 615 psychiatric out-patients and 925 community participants along with a US replication sample (N = 637) completed the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Sixteen PID-5 traits were designated to cover features of the ICD-11 trait domains. RESULTS Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) analyzes showed that the designated traits were meaningfully organized in the proposed ICD-11 five-domain structure as well as other recognizable higher-order models of personality and psychopathology. Model fits revealed that the five proposed ICD-11 personality disorder domains were satisfactorily resembled, and replicated in the independent US sample. CONCLUSION The proposed ICD-11 personality disorder domains can be accurately described using designated traits from the DSM-5 personality trait system. A scoring algorithm for the ICD-11 personality disorder domains is provided in appendix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Bach
- Center of Excellence on Personality Disorder, Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Hospital Slagelse, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - M Sellbom
- University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - M Kongerslev
- Center of Excellence on Personality Disorder, Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Hospital Slagelse, Slagelse, Denmark.,University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - E Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Hospital Slagelse, Slagelse, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R F Krueger
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, US
| | - R Mulder
- University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Amos SP, Homan GJ, Sollo N, Ahlers-Schmidt CR, Engel M, Rawlins P. The Relationship of Personality Style and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children. Kans J Med 2017; 10:26-29. [PMID: 29472963 PMCID: PMC5733411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was to identify personality correlates of children with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). The Jungian Personality Type dimensions primarily considered were Sensing/Intuiting and Perceiving/Judging. A Sensing child is likely to be very present-centered. A Perceiving child tends to be curious and resist order and structure. METHODS Children attending a general pediatric clinic with a diagnosis of ADHD were eligible to participate. Enrolled children were administered the Murphy-Meisgeier Type Indicator for Children. Binomial tests were performed comparing Perceiving and Sensing personality components to accepted population rates. RESULTS Participants (n = 117) were predominantly male (78%) with a median age of 10 years. The Sensing trait (72%) was more prevalent than expected, though prevalence for the Perceiving trait (44%) did not differ from population rates. CONCLUSION Personality types occasioned with the diagnosis of ADHD could be useful in establishing/normalizing treatment regimens and approaches to assist these children and their families better.
Collapse
|
10
|
Crescentini C, Capurso V. Mindfulness meditation and explicit and implicit indicators of personality and self-concept changes. Front Psychol 2015; 6:44. [PMID: 25688222 PMCID: PMC4310269 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The scientific interest on mindfulness meditation (MM) has significantly increased in the last two decades probably because of the positive health effects that this practice exerts in a great variety of clinical and non-clinical conditions. Despite attention regulation, emotional regulation, and body awareness have been argued to be critical mechanisms through which MM improves well-being, much less is known on the effects of this practice on personality. Here we review the current state of knowledge about the role of MM in promoting changes in practitioners’ personality profiles and self-concepts. We first focus on studies that investigated the relations between mindfulness and personality using well-known self-report inventories such as the Five-Factor model of personality traits and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Second, based on the intrinsic limitations of these explicit personality measures, we review a key set of results showing effects of MM on implicit, as well as explicit, self-representations. Although the research on MM and personality is still in its infancy, it appears that this form of meditative practice may notably shape individuals’ personality and self-concept toward more healthy profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviana Capurso
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Udine Udine, Italy ; Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between the Bar-on EQ-I and the Occupational Personality Questionnaire OPQ32i to determine if there is a link between self- and other-reported Emotional Intelligence and personality traits. Data was obtained from 329 managers working in the IT and Finance sectors and included multi-source (360°) measures of Emotional Intelligence. Results indicated construct overlap and correlations between some elements of Emotional Intelligence and the OPQ32i with a stronger relationship between 360 measures of Emotional Intelligence and personality. On both the self-report measure of EQ-I and the 360 measure the mood scale showed a strongest link with personality factors. Measures of Emotional Intelligence which include a 360 component may thus provide a more useful indicator of an individual's ability to manage their own feelings and those of others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Furnham
- Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London London, UK
| | - Mary-Clare Race
- Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London London, UK
| | - Adrienne Rosen
- Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hur Y, Cho AR, Kim S. The characteristics of medical students' personality types and interpersonal needs. Korean J Med Educ 2013; 25:309-316. [PMID: 25804965 PMCID: PMC8813406 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2013.25.4.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Medical students' personality types and interpersonal needs must be considered. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of personality types and interpersonal needs. METHODS A total of 171 students in Konyang University College of Medicine were examined using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior (FIRO-B). The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, and one-sample proportion test. RESULTS The proportion of the 4 pairs of MBTI dimensions were Extroversion (E)-Introversion (I) (53.2% vs. 46.8%), Sensing (S)-Intuition (N) (63.2% vs. 36.8%), Thinking (T)-Feeling (F) (59.7% vs. 40.4%), and Judging (J)-Perceiving (P) (56.1% vs. 43.9%). The predominant personality types were ISTJ (16.4%), ESTJ (14.0%), and ESFJ (10.5%). The level of interpersonal needs were medium rage that was inclusion (mean=8.1), control (mean=8.8), affection (mean=8.1), expressed behavior (mean=12.1), wanted behavior (mean=12.9), and overall interpersonal needs (mean=25.0). Of the basic social needs, males and females differed significantly with regard to control needs (p=0.028). CONCLUSION Educational programs that take into account personality types and characteristics of interpersonal needs are crucial in providing effective medical education. Our results suggest that the characteristics of personality types and interpersonal needs should be considered in developing an interpersonal relations improvement program for medical students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sun Kim
- Corresponding Author: Sun Kim Department of Medical Education, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea Tel: +82.2.2258.7203 Fax: +82.2.2258.7794
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lemogne C, Consoli SM, Geoffroy-Perez B, Coeuret-Pellicer M, Nabi H, Melchior M, Limosin F, Zins M, Ducimetière P, Goldberg M, Cordier S. Personality and the risk of cancer: a 16-year follow-up study of the GAZEL cohort. Psychosom Med 2013; 75:262-71. [PMID: 23513238 PMCID: PMC3977138 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0b013e31828b5366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Large-scale prospective studies do not support an association between neuroticism and extroversion with cancer incidence. However, research on other personality constructs is inconclusive. This longitudinal study examined the associations between four personality measures, Type 1, "suppressed emotional expression"; Type 5, "rational/antiemotional"; hostility; and Type A with cancer incidence. METHODS Personality measures were available for 13,768 members in the GAZEL cohort study (baseline assessment in 1993). Follow-up for diagnoses of primary cancers was obtained from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2009. Associations between personality and cancer incidence were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards analyses and adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 16.0 years (range, 9 days-16 years), 1139 participants were diagnosed as having a primary cancer. The mean duration between baseline and cancer diagnosis was 9.3 years. Type 1 personality was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio per standard deviation = 0.81, 95% confidence interval = 0.68-0.97, p = .02). Type 5 personality was not associated with prostate, breast, colorectal, or smoking-related cancers, but was associated with other cancers (hazard ratio per standard deviation = 1.17, 95% confidence interval = 1.04-1.31, p = .01). Hostility was associated with an increased risk of smoking-related cancers, which was explained by smoking habits, and Type A was not associated with any of the cancer endpoints. CONCLUSIONS Several personality measures were prospectively associated with the incidence of selected cancers. These links may warrant further epidemiological studies and investigations about potential biobehavioral mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Lemogne
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dragoş D, Ionescu O, Ojog DG, Tănăsescu MD. Psychoemotional features in irritable bowel syndrome. J Med Life 2012; 5:398-409. [PMID: 23346240 PMCID: PMC3539839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To delineate the psychological profile of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHOD A triple questionnaire of 614 items (including psychological and medical ones) was given to 10192 respondents and the results were analyzed by means of Cronbach alpha and Chi square test, together with an ad-hoc designed method that implied ranking and outliers detecting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Anxiety and depression are general psychological tendencies unspecifcally linked with IBS. Among the features with a relatively more specific correlation with IBS, tension has the strongest association, followed by the inclination to endure unacceptable situations, preoccupation for health, and susceptibility, and then by fear of failure and sense of demanding profession. IBS individuals readily accept a subordinate position, which may be connected to their history of tyrannical parents, and also to their preoccupation for authority factors. The sense of being treated unfairly by the authority persons during the school years nuances this last feature. Some features that bring some nuances to this psychological portrait are: contemplative nature and analyzing tendency, preoccupation with health issues, a reserved, unsociable, and precautious nature, clinging to known circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Dragoş
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine Bucharest, 1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - O Ionescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine Bucharest
| | - DG Ojog
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine Bucharest
| | - MD Tănăsescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine Bucharest, 1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dragos D, Ionescu O, Micut R, Ojog DG, Tanasescu MD. Psychoemotional features of a doubtful disorder: functional dyspepsia. J Med Life 2012; 5:260-76. [PMID: 23144666 PMCID: PMC3493967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To delineate the psychological profile of individuals prone to FD-like symptoms (FDLS). METHOD A triple questionnaire of 614 items (including psychological and medical ones) was given to 10192 respondents, the results were analyzed by means of Cronbach alpha, and Chi square test, together with an ad-hoc designed method that implied ranking and outliers detecting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS FDLS appears to be an accompanying feature of many (if not most) human emotions and are more frequent in anxious, timid, pessimistic, discontent, irascible, tense, success-doubting, unexpected-dreading individuals, bothered by persistent thoughts and tormented by the professional requirements and the lack of time. A higher degree of specificity might have: chiefly fear of failure, susceptibility, and tension, secondarily emotivity, fear of unpredictable events, sense of insufficient time, preoccupation with authority factors, and tendency to endure unacceptable situations, and also faulty patience and lack of punctuality. Rumination appears to be the psychological tendency most strongly associated with FD. Nocturnal epigastric pain seems to indicate a submissive nature but a rather responsibilities-free childhood, while early satiety is associated with inclination to work and responsibility and preoccupation with self-image. The superposition of FD symptoms with biliary and esophageal symptoms cast a doubt over the distinctness and even the materiality of the various functional digestive disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Dragos
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, 1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - O Ionescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
| | - R Micut
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
| | - DG Ojog
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
| | - MD Tanasescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, 1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Eigenhuis A, Kamphuis JH, Noordhof A. Development and validation of the Dutch brief form of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ-BF-NL). Assessment 2012; 20:565-75. [PMID: 22609728 DOI: 10.1177/1073191112444920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the development and psychometric properties of the Dutch brief form of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ-BF-NL). Representative samples from the Netherlands (N = 1,055) and the United States (N = 1,153) and a Dutch student sample (N = 987) were used for development, cross- and external validation, respectively. The authors' strategy for item selection and scale validation replicated the development of the U.S. brief form (MPQ-BF). Internal consistencies were generally good and comparable to the U.S. version, as were correlations with the U.S. full-length scales and higher order structure. Moreover, convergent and divergent patterns were consistent with prediction, with Positive Emotionality related to social and activating behavior, Negative Emotionality to anxiety, and Constraint to reversed impulsivity and externalizing behaviors. In sum, the MPQ-BF-NL provides the Dutch-Flemish language area with a personality inventory well suited for both psychopathology research and clinical practice and offers new opportunities for fundamental and cross-cultural studies on personality.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dragoş D, Ojog DG, Tănăsescu MD. Questionnaire about psychology/disease correlation – II. J Med Life 2011; 4:356-63. [PMID: 22514567 PMCID: PMC3227158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To further evaluate the adequacy of the items in our questionnaire aimed at unraveling the possible correlations between psychological features and internal disorders. This paper is dedicated to the items exploring the individual’s interaction with other people. Method. The items are divided into several subdomains. For each subdomain, we have calculated the correlations between the items of the respective subdomain (inner associations) and with the items in other subdomains (outer associations) by means of chi square test or Fisher exact test as dictated by statistical reasons. We examined the answers from our first 10192 respondents. Results and conclusions. Many inter-item correlations are the consequence of higher or lesser degrees of synonymy. Those within a given subdomain confirm the adequate allocation of items. Those bridging different subdomains may point either to incorrect assignments, or to semantic inclusion relations. Other results are not explicable by semantic similarity, and probably reveal psychological subtleties, such as: most individuals have a sense of undeservedness when badly treated by other people; those easily hurt by insults and humiliations have a propensity to timidity and/or emotivity; the subjects who shun conflicts are more prone to persistent thoughts, brooding people are more sensitive and more prone to conflicts, injustice-indignant people frequently get into conflict although they declare to be bothered by dissent etc. But at the heart of all the PFs in the Interaction-with-other-people domain there seems to be the sense of being undervalued, which should probably be the key issue to be addressed by any therapeutic interventions for diseases psychoemotionally determined by disturbed interpersonal relationships. Abbreviations: PF = psychological feature; Chisq = chi-square; OdRa = odds ratio; OdRaCL = odds ratio confidence limits; ErrProb = probability of error
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Dragoş
- "Carol Davila” University of Medicine Bucharest, 1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - DG Ojog
- "Carol Davila” University of Medicine Bucharest
| | - MD Tănăsescu
- "Carol Davila” University of Medicine Bucharest, 1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hur Y, Lee KH. Analysis of medical students' enneagram personality types, stress, and developmental level. Korean J Med Educ 2011; 23:175-84. [PMID: 25812610 PMCID: PMC8813533 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2011.23.3.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this research was to examine the medical students' personality with stress and developmental level. The study explored three overarching topics: How are medical students' personality types reflected in an enneagram? Are there any differences between subtypes of stress points? How are the students' developmental levels by gender, academic level, and enneatypes? METHODS The subjects were 414 medical students in three Korean medical schools. Enneagram Personality Types Inventory (Korean version) was used. These enneatypes were divided into four subtypes: centers of intelligence, hornevian triads, self-consciousness, and harmonic group. Enneatypes and stress points were analyzed statistically by frequency and percentage of enneatypes, chi-square test, and ANOVA. RESULTS Distribution of enneatypes; type 9 was the most frequent class (n=136, 32.9%). Types 1, 3, 4, and 9 had more disintegrated students than other types (chi2=59.2, p=0.000). Subtype analysis; in body-centered type more students were disintegrated than integrated or mediocre (chi2=25.8, p=0.000). In behavior patterns, aggressive and passive types showed more disintegration (chi2=25.2, p=0.000), and in self-consciousness groups only inner order types showed integration (chi2=19.3, p=0.001). In harmonic group, positive outlook types contained the most disintegrated students (chi2=20.5, p=0.000). Majority of medical students were in disintegrated developmental status. CONCLUSION A program should be developed for students to know their ego-identity plainly and overcome their disintegration, based on their enneatypes. Such a program will help students improve their ways of thinking or their behavior and become more secure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yera Hur
- Department of Medical Education, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Keum-Ho Lee
- Department of Medical Education, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tikkanen R, Auvinen-Lintunen L, Ducci F, Sjöberg RL, Goldman D, Tiihonen J, Ojansuu I, Virkkunen M. Psychopathy, PCL-R, and MAOA genotype as predictors of violent reconvictions. Psychiatry Res 2011; 185:382-6. [PMID: 20850185 PMCID: PMC3506166 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Revised: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Revised Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R) has shown a moderate association with violence. The efficacy of PCL-R in varying monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genotypes is, however, unexamined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PCL-R and psychopathy on the risk for violent reconvictions among 167 MAOA genotyped alcoholic offenders. Violent reconvictions and PCL-R scores among violent offenders were assessed after a 7-year non-incarcerated follow-up. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the alcohol exposure and age-adjusted effect of PCL-R score and psychopathy on the risk for reconvictions among differing MAOA genotypes. Results suggest that the PCL-R total score predicts impulsive reconvictions among high-activity MAOA offenders (6.8% risk increase for every one-point increase in PCL-R total score, P = 0.015), but not among low-activity MAOA offenders, whereas antisocial behavior and attitudes predicted reconvictions in both genotypes (17% risk increase among high-activity MAOA offenders and 12.8% increase among low-activity MAOA offenders for every one-point increase in factor 2 score). Both narcissistic self-image with related interpersonal style (factor 1 score) and psychopathy (PCL-R ≥ 30) failed to predict future violence. Results suggest that the efficacy of PCL-R is altered by MAOA genotype, alcohol exposure, and age, which seems important to note when PCL-R is used for risk assessments that will have legal or costly preventive work consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roope Tikkanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dragoş D, Ojog DG, Pănescu OM, Rusu EC, Tănăsescu MD. Questionnaire about psychology/disease correlation-I. J Med Life 2011; 4:40-56. [PMID: 21505574 PMCID: PMC3056422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The existing personality inventories are exploring too general psychological features so that the possible psychology/disease associations might be leveled out. OBJECTIVE We attempt to build a tool to explore the possible correlation between certain psychological features and the most common internal disorders. METHOD We have used two questionnaires containing many pairs of synonymous items (necessary for assessing the consistency of the answers). The items are divided into four main domains: preoccupation for the basal conditions of existence (health/ disease/ death, fear, money, lodging); interaction with other people; action, will/ volition, self-assertion; and preoccupation with the exterior. In this first article we are presenting the correlations between items of the first domain, based on the answers from our first 3138 respondents. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The concern about health is best reflected by general formulations. The desire for security is best expressed by items combining the worry about money and dwelling, and worst by items reflecting the eagerness to gain, keep or judiciously spend money. Among the various fears, those of future, darkness, and loneliness are better indicators of security concern. In assessing the anxiety about safety/ security, specific worries are more revelatory than the general ones. Precaution and inclination for order are the best indicators for the aspiration to stability. Poorer ones are the desire for cleanliness and the tendency to attachment. Health and security concerns seem to be consistently linked. The consistency evaluating system will be based upon pairs of synonymous items correlated with a10(-200) or less error probability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Dragoş
- ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy BucharestRomania
,1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital BucharestRomania
| | - DG Ojog
- ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy BucharestRomania
| | - OM Pănescu
- ‘Psyho Global Consult’ Ltd., BucharestRomania
| | - EC Rusu
- ‘Spiru Haret’ University, Faculty of Sociology–Psychology, BucharestRomania
| | - MD Tănăsescu
- ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy BucharestRomania
,1st Internal Medicine Department, University Emergency Hospital BucharestRomania
| |
Collapse
|