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Sandall EL, Maureaud AA, Guralnick R, McGeoch MA, Sica YV, Rogan MS, Booher DB, Edwards R, Franz N, Ingenloff K, Lucas M, Marsh CJ, McGowan J, Pinkert S, Ranipeta A, Uetz P, Wieczorek J, Jetz W. A globally integrated structure of taxonomy to support biodiversity science and conservation. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:1143-1153. [PMID: 37684131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
All aspects of biodiversity research, from taxonomy to conservation, rely on data associated with species names. Effective integration of names across multiple fields is paramount and depends on the coordination and organization of taxonomic data. We assess current efforts and find that even key applications for well-studied taxa still lack commonality in taxonomic information required for integration. We identify essential taxonomic elements from our interoperability assessment to support improved access and integration of taxonomic data. A stronger focus on these elements has the potential to involve taxonomic communities in biodiversity science and overcome broken linkages currently limiting research capacity. We encourage a community effort to democratize taxonomic expertise and language in order to facilitate maximum interoperability and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Sandall
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Aurore A Maureaud
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Robert Guralnick
- Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Melodie A McGeoch
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, Department of Environment and Genetics, LaTrobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanina V Sica
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew S Rogan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Douglas B Booher
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Robert Edwards
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nico Franz
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kate Ingenloff
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Maisha Lucas
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Charles J Marsh
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jennifer McGowan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Conservation Ecology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ajay Ranipeta
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Peter Uetz
- Center for Biological Data Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - John Wieczorek
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation, Durham, NC, USA
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Escobari B, Borsch T, Kilian N. Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae). PhytoKeys 2023; 234:61-106. [PMID: 37860599 PMCID: PMC10582726 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.234.107750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The Gynoxyoid clade of the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) until now included the five genera Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Nordenstamia, Paracalia and Paragynoxys as diagnosed using selected morphological characters. In their pre-phylogenetic circumscription, the genera Aequatorium and Paragynoxys were considered to inhabit the northern Andes in contrast to Nordenstamia and Paracalia that occur in the central Andes. The most species-rich genus, Gynoxys, was believed to be distributed throughout the Andes. We use a recently established plastid phylogenomic framework that rendered Gynoxys paraphyletic to further evaluate the delimitation of genera in the Gynoxyoid clade. We examine the morphological variation of all members of the Gynoxyoid to identify characters potentially informative at genus level. This results in a matrix of eleven, mostly multistate characters, including those originally used to diagnose these genera. The ancestral character state inference displays a high level of homoplasy, but nevertheless supports the recognition of four genera. Aequatorium is characterised by white radiate capitula. Paracalia and Paragynoxys share white flowers and floral characteristics, such as flower opening and length of disc flowers lobes, as plesiomorphic states, but differ in habit (scandent shrubs vs. trees). Paracalia also retained white flowers, but its two species are characterised by the absence of outer phyllaries. The genera Gynoxys and Nordenstamia comprise species with yellow capitula which appear to be a derived feature in the Gynoxyoids. The genus Nordenstamia, with eight species, is synonymised under Gynoxys since molecular evidence shows its species nested within various parts of the Gynoxys subclade and the morphological variation of Nordenstamia falls well within that of Gynoxys. With the goal to assign all species to four genera (Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Paracalia and Paragynoxys), we assess the states for the eleven characters for all members of the Gynoxyoids and generate new ETS and ITS sequences for 171 specimens belonging to 49 species to further support their generic placement. We provide a taxonomic treatment for the four genera recognised here including amended diagnoses and morphological descriptions. Furthermore, a species-level taxonomic backbone is elaborated for all genera using electronic tools that list 158 currently accepted names and synonyms (209 names in total) with the respective protologue and type information, as well as notes on the current understanding of species limits. Eleven names are newly synonymised, two are lectotypified and eight are newly transferred to other genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Escobari
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Casilla, La Paz, 10077, Bolivia
| | - Thomas Borsch
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Norbert Kilian
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
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Dauby G, Zaiss R, Blach-Overgaard A, Catarino L, Damen T, Deblauwe V, Dessein S, Dransfield J, Droissart V, Duarte MC, Engledow H, Fadeur G, Figueira R, Gereau RE, Hardy OJ, Harris DJ, de Heij J, Janssens S, Klomberg Y, Ley AC, Mackinder BA, Meerts P, van de Poel JL, Sonké B, Sosef MSM, Stévart T, Stoffelen P, Svenning JC, Sepulchre P, van der Burgt X, Wieringa JJ, Couvreur TLP. RAINBIO: a mega-database of tropical African vascular plants distributions. PhytoKeys 2016:1-18. [PMID: 28127234 PMCID: PMC5234546 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.74.9723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The tropical vegetation of Africa is characterized by high levels of species diversity but is undergoing important shifts in response to ongoing climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressures. Although our knowledge of plant species distribution patterns in the African tropics has been improving over the years, it remains limited. Here we present RAINBIO, a unique comprehensive mega-database of georeferenced records for vascular plants in continental tropical Africa. The geographic focus of the database is the region south of the Sahel and north of Southern Africa, and the majority of data originate from tropical forest regions. RAINBIO is a compilation of 13 datasets either publicly available or personal ones. Numerous in depth data quality checks, automatic and manual via several African flora experts, were undertaken for georeferencing, standardization of taxonomic names and identification and merging of duplicated records. The resulting RAINBIO data allows exploration and extraction of distribution data for 25,356 native tropical African vascular plant species, which represents ca. 89% of all known plant species in the area of interest. Habit information is also provided for 91% of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Dauby
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; Laboratoire d'évolution Biologique et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP160/12, avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; CESAB / FRB, Domaine du Petit Arbois, Av. Louis Philibert, Aix-en-Provence, 13100, France
| | - Rainer Zaiss
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR AMAP, Boulevard de la Lironde TA A-51 / PS 2 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Blach-Overgaard
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Luís Catarino
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Theo Damen
- Wageningen University, Biosystematics Group, Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Deblauwe
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique Africaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Écologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, PO Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Steven Dessein
- Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | | | - Vincent Droissart
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR AMAP, Boulevard de la Lironde TA A-51 / PS 2 34398 Montpellier, France; Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique Africaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Écologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, PO Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa & Madagascar Department, St. Louis, United States of America
| | - Maria Cristina Duarte
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Henry Engledow
- Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Geoffrey Fadeur
- Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique Africaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Rui Figueira
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto. Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal; CEABN/InBio, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada "Professor Baeta Neves", Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Roy E Gereau
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa & Madagascar Department, St. Louis, United States of America
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Laboratoire d'évolution Biologique et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP160/12, avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - David J Harris
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Janneke de Heij
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands; Picturae, De Droogmakerij 12, 1851LX Heiloo, The Netherlands
| | | | - Yannick Klomberg
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, CZ-12843, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra C Ley
- Institut für Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, University Halle-Wittenberg, Neuwerk 21, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | | | - Pierre Meerts
- Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique Africaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; Laboratoire d'Ecologie végétale et Biogéochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Bonaventure Sonké
- Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Écologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, PO Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marc S M Sosef
- Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Tariq Stévart
- Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique Africaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium; Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa & Madagascar Department, St. Louis, United States of America
| | - Piet Stoffelen
- Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Pierre Sepulchre
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Jan J Wieringa
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands; Wageningen University, Biosystematics Group, Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L P Couvreur
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Écologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, PO Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands
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