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Laumeier R, Brändle M, Rödel MO, Brunzel S, Brandl R, Pinkert S. The global importance and interplay of colour-based protective and thermoregulatory functions in frogs. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8117. [PMID: 38114472 PMCID: PMC10730650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-scale studies have shown that colour lightness variation can have important physiological implications in ectotherms, with darker species having greater heating rates, as well as protection against pathogens and photooxidative damage. Using data for 41% (3059) of all known frog and toad species (Anura) from across the world, we reveal ubiquitous and strong clines of decreasing colour lightness towards colder regions and regions with higher pathogen pressure and UVB radiation. The relative importance of pathogen resistance is higher in the tropics and that of thermoregulation is higher in temperate regions. The results suggest that these functions influence colour lightness evolution in anurans and filtered for more similarly coloured species under climatic extremes, while their concurrent importance resulted in high within-assemblage variation in productive regions. Our findings indicate three important functions of colour lightness in anurans - thermoregulation, pathogen and UVB protection - and broaden support for colour lightness-environment relationships in ectotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Laumeier
- Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Department of Biodiversity and Species Conservation, Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Forestry, University of Applied Science Erfurt, Leipziger Straße 77, 99085, Erfurt, Germany.
| | - Martin Brändle
- Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mark-Oliver Rödel
- Department of Evolutionary Diversity Dynamics, Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunzel
- Department of Biodiversity and Species Conservation, Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Forestry, University of Applied Science Erfurt, Leipziger Straße 77, 99085, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Conservation Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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2
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Novella-Fernandez R, Brandl R, Pinkert S, Zeuss D, Hof C. Seasonal variation in dragonfly assemblage colouration suggests a link between thermal melanism and phenology. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8427. [PMID: 38114459 PMCID: PMC10730518 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenology, the seasonal timing of life events, is an essential component of diversity patterns. However, the mechanisms involved are complex and understudied. Body colour may be an important factor, because dark-bodied species absorb more solar radiation, which is predicted by the Thermal Melanism Hypothesis to enable them to thermoregulate successfully in cooler temperatures. Here we show that colour lightness of dragonfly assemblages varies in response to seasonal changes in solar radiation, with darker early- and late-season assemblages and lighter mid-season assemblages. This finding suggests a link between colour-based thermoregulation and insect phenology. We also show that the phenological pattern of dragonfly colour lightness advanced over the last decades. We suggest that changing seasonal temperature patterns due to global warming together with the static nature of solar radiation may drive dragonfly flight periods to suboptimal seasonal conditions. Our findings open a research avenue for a more mechanistic understanding of phenology and spatio-phenological impacts of climate warming on insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Novella-Fernandez
- Technical University of Munich, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany.
| | - Roland Brandl
- Department of Ecology-Animal Ecology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Conservation Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Department of Geography-Environmental Informatics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hof
- Technical University of Munich, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany
- Department of Global Change Ecology, Biocentre, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Sandall EL, Maureaud AA, Guralnick R, McGeoch MA, Sica YV, Rogan MS, Booher DB, Edwards R, Franz N, Ingenloff K, Lucas M, Marsh CJ, McGowan J, Pinkert S, Ranipeta A, Uetz P, Wieczorek J, Jetz W. A globally integrated structure of taxonomy to support biodiversity science and conservation. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:1143-1153. [PMID: 37684131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
All aspects of biodiversity research, from taxonomy to conservation, rely on data associated with species names. Effective integration of names across multiple fields is paramount and depends on the coordination and organization of taxonomic data. We assess current efforts and find that even key applications for well-studied taxa still lack commonality in taxonomic information required for integration. We identify essential taxonomic elements from our interoperability assessment to support improved access and integration of taxonomic data. A stronger focus on these elements has the potential to involve taxonomic communities in biodiversity science and overcome broken linkages currently limiting research capacity. We encourage a community effort to democratize taxonomic expertise and language in order to facilitate maximum interoperability and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Sandall
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Aurore A Maureaud
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Robert Guralnick
- Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Melodie A McGeoch
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, Department of Environment and Genetics, LaTrobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanina V Sica
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew S Rogan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Douglas B Booher
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Robert Edwards
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nico Franz
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kate Ingenloff
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Maisha Lucas
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Charles J Marsh
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jennifer McGowan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Conservation Ecology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ajay Ranipeta
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Peter Uetz
- Center for Biological Data Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - John Wieczorek
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Biodiversity & Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation, Durham, NC, USA
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4
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Franke S, Pinkert S, Brandl R, Thorn S. Modeling the extinction risk of European butterflies and odonates. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9465. [PMID: 36381396 PMCID: PMC9643075 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect populations have become increasingly threatened during the last decades due to climate change and landuse intensification. Species characteristics driving these threats remain poorly understood. Trait‐based analyses provide a straight‐forward approach to gain a mechanistic understanding of species' extinction risk, guiding the development of conservation strategies. We combined morphological traits and phylogenetic relationship for 332 European species of butterflies and 115 species of odonates (dragon and damselflies) to model their red list status via phylogenetically controlled ordered logistic regression. We hypothesized that extinction risk increases with increasing body volume and wing area, decreasing range size, and is larger for brighter species. All investigated traits exhibited a strong phylogenetic signal. When controlling for phylogenetic relationship, we found that extinction risk of butterflies increased with decreasing range size. The extinction risk of odonates showed no relationship with the selected traits. Our results show that there is no universal trait defining the extinction risk of our investigated insect taxa. Furthermore, evolutionary history, measured as the phylogenetically predicted part of our analyzed traits, poorly predicted extinction risk. Our study confirms the focus of conservation measures on European butterfly species with small range sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Franke
- Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Conservation Ecology, Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Simon Thorn
- Hessian Agency for Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology State Institute for the Protection of Birds Gießen Germany
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5
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Engelhardt EK, Biber MF, Dolek M, Fartmann T, Hochkirch A, Leidinger J, Löffler F, Pinkert S, Poniatowski D, Voith J, Winterholler M, Zeuss D, Bowler DE, Hof C. Consistent signals of a warming climate in occupancy changes of three insect taxa over 40 years in central Europe. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3998-4012. [PMID: 35535680 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent climate and land-use changes are having substantial impacts on biodiversity, including population declines, range shifts, and changes in community composition. However, few studies have compared these impacts among multiple taxa, particularly because of a lack of standardized time series data over long periods. Existing data sets are typically of low resolution or poor coverage, both spatially and temporally, thereby limiting the inferences that can be drawn from such studies. Here, we compare climate and land-use driven occupancy changes in butterflies, grasshoppers, and dragonflies using an extensive data set of highly heterogeneous observation data collected in the central European region of Bavaria (Germany) over a 40-year period. Using occupancy models, we find occupancies (the proportion of sites occupied by a species in each year) of 37% of species have decreased, 30% have increased and 33% showed no significant trend. Butterflies and grasshoppers show strongest declines with 41% of species each. By contrast, 52% of dragonfly species increased. Temperature preference and habitat specificity appear as significant drivers of species trends. We show that cold-adapted species across all taxa have declined, whereas warm-adapted species have increased. In butterflies, habitat specialists have decreased, while generalists increased or remained stable. The trends of habitat generalists and specialists both in grasshoppers and semi-aquatic dragonflies, however did not differ. Our findings indicate strong and consistent effects of climate warming across insect taxa. The decrease of butterfly specialists could hint towards a threat from land-use change, as especially butterfly specialists' occurrence depends mostly on habitat quality and area. Our study not only illustrates how these taxa showed differing trends in the past but also provides hints on how we might mitigate the detrimental effects of human development on their diversity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Katharina Engelhardt
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Matthias F Biber
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Fartmann
- Department of Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Jan Leidinger
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Franz Löffler
- Department of Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Conservation Ecology, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Poniatowski
- Department of Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Johannes Voith
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt/Bavarian Environment Agency, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Michael Winterholler
- Bavarian State Ministry of the Environment and Consumer Protection, München, Germany
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Department of Environmental Informatics, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Diana E Bowler
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research-iDiv-Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Hof
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Pinkert S, Zeuss D, Dijkstra KB, Kipping J, Clausnitzer V, Brunzel S, Brandl R. Front Cover. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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7
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Acquah‐Lamptey D, Brändle M, Brandl R, Pinkert S. Temperature-driven color lightness and body size variation scale to local assemblages of European Odonata but are modified by propensity for dispersal. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:8936-8948. [PMID: 32884669 PMCID: PMC7452777 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous macrophysiological studies suggested that temperature-driven color lightness and body size variations strongly influence biogeographical patterns in ectotherms. However, these trait-environment relationships scale to local assemblages and the extent to which they can be modified by dispersal remains largely unexplored. We test whether the predictions of the thermal melanism hypothesis and the Bergmann's rule hold for local assemblages. We also assess whether these trait-environment relationships are more important for species adapted to less stable (lentic) habitats, due to their greater dispersal propensity compared to those adapted to stable (lotic) habitats.We quantified the color lightness and body volume of 99 European dragon- and damselflies (Odonata) and combined these trait information with survey data for 518 local assemblages across Europe. Based on this continent-wide yet spatially explicit dataset, we tested for effects temperature and precipitation on the color lightness and body volume of local assemblages and assessed differences in their relative importance and strength between lentic and lotic assemblages, while accounting for spatial and phylogenetic autocorrelation.The color lightness of assemblages of odonates increased, and body size decreased with increasing temperature. Trait-environment relationships in the average and phylogenetic predicted component were equally important for assemblages of both habitat types but were stronger in lentic assemblages when accounting for phylogenetic autocorrelation.Our results show that the mechanism underlying color lightness and body size variations scale to local assemblages, indicating their general importance. These mechanisms were of equal evolutionary significance for lentic and lotic species, but higher dispersal ability seems to enable lentic species to cope better with historical climatic changes. The documented differences between lentic and lotic assemblages also highlight the importance of integrating interactions of thermal adaptations with proxies of the dispersal ability of species into trait-based models, for improving our understanding of climate-driven biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Acquah‐Lamptey
- Faculty of BiologyDepartment of Ecology – Animal EcologyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Martin Brändle
- Faculty of BiologyDepartment of Ecology – Animal EcologyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Faculty of BiologyDepartment of Ecology – Animal EcologyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Faculty of BiologyDepartment of Ecology – Animal EcologyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA
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Pinkert S, Zeuss D, Dijkstra KB, Kipping J, Clausnitzer V, Brunzel S, Brandl R. Climate–diversity relationships underlying cross‐taxon diversity of the African fauna and their implications for conservation. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pinkert
- Faculty of Biology Ecology – Animal Ecology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven CT USA
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Faculty of Geography Environmental Informatics Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Jens Kipping
- Department of Architecture Faculty Management and Geoinformation University of Applied Sciences Anhalt Köthen Germany
- BioCart Kipping, Environmental Consultant Taucha Germany
| | | | - Stefan Brunzel
- Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Biodiversity and Species Conservation University of Applied Sciences Erfurt Erfurt Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Faculty of Biology Ecology – Animal Ecology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
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9
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Pinkert S, Friess N, Zeuss D, Gossner MM, Brandl R, Brunzel S. Mobility costs and energy uptake mediate the effects of morphological traits on species' distribution and abundance. Ecology 2020; 101:e03121. [PMID: 33460060 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Individuals of large or dark-colored ectothermic species often have a higher reproduction and activity than small or light-colored ones. However, investments into body size or darker colors should negatively affect the fitness of individuals as they increase their growth and maintenance costs. Thus, it is unlikely that morphological traits directly affect species' distribution and abundance. Yet, this simplification is frequently made in trait-based ecological analyses. Here, we integrated the energy allocation strategies of species into an ecophysiological framework to explore the mechanisms that link species' morphological traits and population dynamics. We hypothesized that the effects of morphological traits on species' distribution and abundance are not direct but mediated by components of the energy budget and that species can allocate more energy towards dispersal and reproduction if they compensate their energetic costs by reducing mobility costs or increasing energy uptake. To classify species' energy allocation strategies, we used easily measured proxies for the mobility costs and energy uptake of butterflies that can be also applied to other taxa. We demonstrated that contrasting effects of morphological traits on distribution and abundance of butterfly species offset each other when species' energy allocation strategies are not taken into account. Larger and darker butterfly species had wider distributions and were more abundant if they compensated the investment into body size and color darkness (i.e., melanin) by reducing their mobility costs or increasing energy uptake. Adults of darker species were more mobile and foraged less compared to lighter colored ones, if an investment into melanin was indirectly compensated via a size-dependent reduction of mobility costs or increase of energy uptake. Our results indicate that differences in the energy allocations strategies of species account for a considerable part of the variation in species' distribution and abundance that is left unexplained by morphological traits alone and ignoring these differences can lead to false mechanistic conclusions. Therefore, our findings highlight the potential of integrating proxies for species' energy allocation strategies into trait-based models not only for understanding the physiological mechanisms underlying variation in species' distribution and abundance, but also for improving predictions of the population dynamics of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pinkert
- Faculty of Biology, Animal Ecology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, 35043, Germany.,Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Biodiversity and Conservation, University of Applied Sciences Erfurt, Erfurt, 99085, Germany
| | - Nicolas Friess
- Faculty of Geography, Environmental Informatics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Faculty of Geography, Environmental Informatics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - Martin M Gossner
- Forest Entomology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Roland Brandl
- Faculty of Biology, Animal Ecology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunzel
- Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Biodiversity and Conservation, University of Applied Sciences Erfurt, Erfurt, 99085, Germany
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Franke S, Brandl R, Heibl C, Mattivi A, Müller J, Pinkert S, Thorn S. Predicting regional hotspots of phylogenetic diversity across multiple species groups. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Franke
- Department of Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Department of Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Angelina Mattivi
- Fritz & Grossmann (environmental planning) Horb am Necker Germany
| | - Jörg Müller
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III) Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Rauhenebrach Germany
- Bavarian Forest National Park Grafenau Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Simon Thorn
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III) Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Rauhenebrach Germany
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Abstract
Recent results on the thermal biology of unicellular fungi provide evidence that pigmentation is an ancient adaptation for harvesting solar radiation. A new model system promises novel opportunities for quantifying radiative heat transfer and improving biophysical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Ecology - Animal Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; Department of Biodiversity and Species Conservation, University of Applied Sciences Erfurt, 99085 Erfurt, Germany.
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Stelbrink P, Pinkert S, Brunzel S, Kerr J, Wheat CW, Brandl R, Zeuss D. Colour lightness of butterfly assemblages across North America and Europe. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1760. [PMID: 30741964 PMCID: PMC6370790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin-based dark colouration is beneficial for insects as it increases the absorption of solar energy and protects against pathogens. Thus, it is expected that insect colouration is darker in colder regions and in regions with high humidity, where it is assumed that pathogen pressure is highest. These relationships between colour lightness, insect distribution, and climate between taxa and subtaxa across continents have never been tested and compared. Here we analysed the colour lightness of nearly all butterfly species of North America and Europe using the average colour lightness of species occurring within 50 km × 50 km grid cells across both continents as the dependent variable and average insolation, temperature and humidity within grid cells as explanatory variables. We compared the direction, strength and shape of these relationships between butterfly families and continents. On both continents, butterfly assemblages in colder and more humid regions were generally darker coloured than assemblages in warmer and less humid regions. Although these relationships differed in detail between families, overall trends within families on both continents were similar. Our results add further support for the importance of insect colour lightness as a mechanistic adaptation to climate that influences biogeographical patterns of species distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Stelbrink
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology - Animal Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology - Animal Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Forestry, Department of Biodiversity and Species Conservation, University of Applied Science Erfurt, Leipziger Strasse 77, 99085, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunzel
- Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Forestry, Department of Biodiversity and Species Conservation, University of Applied Science Erfurt, Leipziger Strasse 77, 99085, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Jeremy Kerr
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Roland Brandl
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology - Animal Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology - Animal Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany. .,Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Auer F, Ingenhag D, Pinkert S, Kracker S, Hacein-Bey-Abina S, Cavazzana M, Gombert M, Martin-Lorenzo A, Lin MH, Vicente-Dueñas C, Sánchez-García I, Borkhardt A, Hauer J. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase prevents pro-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by functioning as a negative regulator in Rag1 deficient pro-B cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75797-75807. [PMID: 29100269 PMCID: PMC5652663 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is essential for somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination in mature B-cells, while AID was also shown to play a role in developing pre-BCR/BCR-positive B-cells of the bone marrow. To further elucidate a potential function of Aid in the bone marrow prior to V(D)J-recombination, we utilized an in vivo model which exerts a B-cell developmental arrest at the pro-B cell stage with low frequencies of pro-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pro-B ALL) development. Therefore, p19Arf-/-Rag1-/- (AR) mice were crossed with Aid-deficient mice (ARA). Surprisingly, loss of Aid expression in pro-B cells accelerated pro-B ALL incidence from 30% (AR) to 98% (ARA). This effect was Aid dose dependent, since Aid+/- animals of the same background displayed a significantly lower incidence (83%). Furthermore, B-cell-specific Aid up-regulation was observed in Aid-competent pro-B ALLs. Additional whole exome/sanger sequencing of murine pro-B ALLs revealed an accumulation of recurrent somatic Jak3 (p.R653H, p.V670A) and Dnm2 (p.G397R) mutations, which highlights the importance of active IL7R signaling in the pro-B ALL blast cells. These findings were further supported by an enhanced proliferative potential of ARA pro-B cells compared to Aid-competent cells from the same genetic background. In summary, we show that both Aid and Rag1 act as a negative regulators in pro-B cells, preventing pro-B ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Auer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Deborah Ingenhag
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Kracker
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Human Lymphohematopoiesis Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Salima Hacein-Bey-Abina
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1022, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Chimie Paris-Tech, Paris, France.,Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Hôpital Kremlin-Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le-Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marina Cavazzana
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Human Lymphohematopoiesis Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Michael Gombert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alberto Martin-Lorenzo
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/ Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Min-Hui Lin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Isidro Sánchez-García
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/ Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Pinkert S, Bechly G, Nel A. First record of hawker dragonflies from Eocene Baltic amber (Odonata: Anisoptera: Gomphaeschnidae). Zootaxa 2017; 4272:263-275. [PMID: 28610295 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Based on three specimens, the first record of hawker dragonflies from Baltic amber is described in a new genus with two new species: Elektrogomphaeschna peterthieli gen. et sp. nov. and E. annekeae sp. nov.. They belong to the family Gomphaeschnidae and are tentatively attributed to the extinct subfamily Gomphaeschnaoidinae. The latter was previously only known from Cretaceous fossils and is here shown to have survived the K-Pg mass extinction event. This discovery also confirms the still higher diversity of Gomphaeschnidae during the Paleogene compared to the Neogene that was dominated by the more derived Aeshnidae sensu stricto.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pinkert
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology - Animal Ecology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany..
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15
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Walther DM, Kasturi P, Zheng M, Pinkert S, Vecchi G, Ciryam P, Morimoto RI, Dobson CM, Vendruscolo M, Mann M, Hartl FU. Widespread Proteome Remodeling and Aggregation in Aging C. elegans. Cell 2017; 168:944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Rühl G, Niedl AG, Patronov A, Siewert K, Pinkert S, Kalemanov M, Friese MA, Attfield KE, Antes I, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. Multiple sclerosis: Molecular mimicry of an antimyelin HLA class I restricted T-cell receptor. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2016; 3:e241. [PMID: 27231714 PMCID: PMC4871805 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify target antigens presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 to the myelin-reactive human T-cell receptor (TCR) 2D1, which was originally isolated from a CD8+ T-cell clone recognizing proteolipid protein (PLP) in the context of HLA-A*03:01, we employed a new antigen search technology. METHODS We used our recently developed antigen search technology that employs plasmid-encoded combinatorial peptide libraries and a highly sensitive single cell detection system to identify endogenous candidate peptides of mice and human origin. We validated candidate antigens by independent T-cell assays using synthetic peptides and refolded HLA:peptide complexes. A molecular model of HLA-A*02:01:peptide complexes was obtained by molecular dynamics simulations. RESULTS We identified one peptide from glycerolphosphatidylcholine phosphodiesterase 1, which is identical in mice and humans and originates from a protein that is expressed in many cell types. When bound to HLA-A*02:01, this peptide cross-stimulates the PLP-reactive HLA-A3-restricted TCR 2D1. Investigation of molecular details revealed that the peptide length plays a crucial role in its capacity to bind HLA-A*02:01 and to activate TCR 2D1. Molecular modeling illustrated the 3D structures of activating HLA:peptide complexes. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that our antigen search technology allows us to identify new candidate antigens of a presumably pathogenic, autoreactive, human CD8+ T-cell-derived TCR. They further illustrate how this TCR, which recognizes a myelin peptide bound to HLA-A*03:01, may cross-react with an unrelated peptide presented by the protective HLA class I allele HLA-A*02:01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Anna G Niedl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Atanas Patronov
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Maria Kalemanov
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Kathrine E Attfield
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
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17
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Walther DM, Kasturi P, Zheng M, Pinkert S, Vecchi G, Ciryam P, Morimoto RI, Dobson CM, Vendruscolo M, Mann M, Hartl FU. Widespread Proteome Remodeling and Aggregation in Aging C. elegans. Cell 2016; 161:919-32. [PMID: 25957690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging has been associated with a progressive decline of proteostasis, but how this process affects proteome composition remains largely unexplored. Here, we profiled more than 5,000 proteins along the lifespan of the nematode C. elegans. We find that one-third of proteins change in abundance at least 2-fold during aging, resulting in a severe proteome imbalance. These changes are reduced in the long-lived daf-2 mutant but are enhanced in the short-lived daf-16 mutant. While ribosomal proteins decline and lose normal stoichiometry, proteasome complexes increase. Proteome imbalance is accompanied by widespread protein aggregation, with abundant proteins that exceed solubility contributing most to aggregate load. Notably, the properties by which proteins are selected for aggregation differ in the daf-2 mutant, and an increased formation of aggregates associated with small heat-shock proteins is observed. We suggest that sequestering proteins into chaperone-enriched aggregates is a protective strategy to slow proteostasis decline during nematode aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk M Walther
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Prasad Kasturi
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Giulia Vecchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Prajwal Ciryam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | | | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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18
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Evers C, Kaufmann L, Seitz A, Paramasivam N, Granzow M, Karch S, Fischer C, Hinderhofer K, Gdynia G, Elsässer M, Pinkert S, Schlesner M, Bartram CR, Moog U. Exome sequencing reveals a novelCWF19L1mutation associated with intellectual disability and cerebellar atrophy. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:1502-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Evers
- Institute of Human Genetics; Heidelberg University; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lilian Kaufmann
- Institute of Human Genetics; Heidelberg University; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Angelika Seitz
- Department of Neuroradiology; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg; Heidelberg University; Germany
| | - Martin Granzow
- Institute of Human Genetics; Heidelberg University; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Stephanie Karch
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Neurology; Heidelberg University Hospital; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christine Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics; Heidelberg University; Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Georg Gdynia
- Institute of Pathology; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- German Cancer Research Center; Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Tumor Pathology; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Elsässer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prenatal Medicine; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility (GPCF); High Throughput Sequencing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Claus R. Bartram
- Institute of Human Genetics; Heidelberg University; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ute Moog
- Institute of Human Genetics; Heidelberg University; Heidelberg Germany
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19
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Arakawa A, Siewert K, Stöhr J, Besgen P, Kim SM, Rühl G, Nickel J, Vollmer S, Thomas P, Krebs S, Pinkert S, Spannagl M, Held K, Kammerbauer C, Besch R, Dornmair K, Prinz JC. Melanocyte antigen triggers autoimmunity in human psoriasis. J Exp Med 2015; 212:2203-12. [PMID: 26621454 PMCID: PMC4689169 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a common T cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease with a suspected autoimmune pathogenesis. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I allele, HLA-C*06:02, is the main psoriasis risk gene. Epidermal CD8(+) T cells are essential for psoriasis development. Functional implications of HLA-C*06:02 and mechanisms of lesional T cell activation in psoriasis, however, remained elusive. Here we identify melanocytes as skin-specific target cells of an HLA-C*06:02-restricted psoriatic T cell response. We found that a Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 T cell receptor (TCR), which we had reconstituted from an epidermal CD8(+) T cell clone of an HLA-C*06:02-positive psoriasis patient specifically recognizes HLA-C*06:02-positive melanocytes. Through peptide library screening, we identified ADAMTS-like protein 5 (ADAMTSL5) as an HLA-C*06:02-presented melanocytic autoantigen of the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 TCR. Consistent with the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1-TCR reactivity, we observed numerous CD8(+) T cells in psoriasis lesions attacking melanocytes, the only epidermal cells expressing ADAMTSL5. Furthermore, ADAMTSL5 stimulation induced the psoriasis signature cytokine, IL-17A, in CD8(+) T cells from psoriasis patients only, supporting a role as psoriatic autoantigen. This unbiased analysis of a TCR obtained directly from tissue-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells reveals that in psoriasis HLA-C*06:02 directs an autoimmune response against melanocytes through autoantigen presentation. We propose that HLA-C*06:02 may predispose to psoriasis via this newly identified autoimmune pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julia Stöhr
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Besgen
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Song-Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jens Nickel
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Gene Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- German Cancer Research Center, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Spannagl
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Claudia Kammerbauer
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Besch
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg C Prinz
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
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20
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Röger C, Pozzuto T, Klopfleisch R, Kurreck J, Pinkert S, Fechner H. Expression of an engineered soluble coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor by a dimeric AAV9 vector inhibits adenovirus infection in mice. Gene Ther 2015; 22:458-66. [PMID: 25786873 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunosuppressed (IS) patients, such as recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, occasionally develop severe and fatal adenovirus (Ad) infections. Here, we analyzed the potential of a virus receptor trap based on a soluble coxsackievirus and Ad receptor (sCAR) for inhibition of Ad infection. In vitro, a dimeric fusion protein, sCAR-Fc, consisting of the extracellular domain of CAR and the Fc portion of human IgG1 and a monomeric sCAR lacking the Fc domain, were expressed in cell culture. More sCAR was secreted into the cell culture supernatant than sCAR-Fc, but it had lower Ad neutralization activity than sCAR-Fc. Further investigations showed that sCAR-Fc reduced the Ad infection by a 100-fold and Ad-induced cytotoxicity by ~20-fold. Not only was Ad infection inhibited by sCAR-Fc applied prior to infection, it also inhibited infection when used to treat ongoing Ad infection. In vivo, sCAR-Fc was delivered to IS mice by an AAV9 vector, resulting in persistent and high (>40 μg ml(-1)) sCAR-Fc serum levels. The sCAR-Fc serum concentration was sufficient to significantly inhibit hepatic and cardiac wild-type Ad5 infection. Treatment with sCAR-Fc did not induce side effects. Thus, sCAR-Fc virus receptor trap may be a promising novel therapeutic for treatment of Ad infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Röger
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Pozzuto
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Klopfleisch
- Department of Vetrinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 15, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Kurreck
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Pinkert
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Fechner
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, Germany
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Jenke A, Holzhauser L, Löbel M, Savvatis K, Wilk S, Weithäuser A, Pinkert S, Tschöpe C, Klingel K, Poller W, Scheibenbogen C, Schultheiss HP, Skurk C. Adiponectin promotes coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis by suppression of acute anti-viral immune responses. Basic Res Cardiol 2014; 109:408. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-014-0408-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Raychaudhuri S, Loew C, Körner R, Pinkert S, Theis M, Hayer-Hartl M, Buchholz F, Hartl F. Interplay of Acetyltransferase EP300 and the Proteasome System in Regulating Heat Shock Transcription Factor 1. Cell 2014; 156:975-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Holzhauser L, Loebel M, Jenke A, Becher PM, Pinkert S, Fechner H, Poller W, Schultheiss HP, Scheibenbogen C, Skurk C. FOXO3a regulates viral load and inflammation in acute Coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis - role of NK cell function. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.3506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Sharma K, Vabulas RM, Macek B, Pinkert S, Cox J, Mann M, Hartl FU. Quantitative proteomics reveals that Hsp90 inhibition preferentially targets kinases and the DNA damage response. Mol Cell Proteomics 2011; 11:M111.014654. [PMID: 22167270 PMCID: PMC3316734 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.014654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing importance of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors as chemotherapeutic agents in diseases such as cancer, their global effects on the proteome remain largely unknown. Here we use high resolution, quantitative mass spectrometry to map protein expression changes associated with the application of the Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG). In depth data obtained from five replicate SILAC experiments enabled accurate quantification of about 6,000 proteins in HeLa cells. As expected, we observed activation of a heat shock response with induced expression of molecular chaperones, which refold misfolded proteins, and proteases, which degrade irreparably damaged polypeptides. Despite the broad range of known Hsp90 substrates, bioinformatics analysis revealed that particular protein classes were preferentially affected. These prominently included proteins involved in the DNA damage response, as well as protein kinases and especially tyrosine kinases. We followed up on this observation with a quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of about 4,000 sites, which revealed that Hsp90 inhibition leads to much more down- than up-regulation of the phosphoproteome (34% down versus 6% up). This study defines the cellular response to Hsp90 inhibition at the proteome level and sheds light on the mechanisms by which it can be used to target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Sharma
- Departments of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Olzscha H, Schermann SM, Woerner AC, Pinkert S, Hecht MH, Tartaglia GG, Vendruscolo M, Hayer-Hartl M, Hartl FU, Vabulas RM. Amyloid-like aggregates sequester numerous metastable proteins with essential cellular functions. Cell 2011; 144:67-78. [PMID: 21215370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is linked with neurodegeneration and numerous other diseases by mechanisms that are not well understood. Here, we have analyzed the gain-of-function toxicity of artificial β sheet proteins that were designed to form amyloid-like fibrils. Using quantitative proteomics, we found that the toxicity of these proteins in human cells correlates with the capacity of their aggregates to promote aberrant protein interactions and to deregulate the cytosolic stress response. The endogenous proteins that are sequestered by the aggregates share distinct physicochemical properties: They are relatively large in size and significantly enriched in predicted unstructured regions, features that are strongly linked with multifunctionality. Many of the interacting proteins occupy essential hub positions in cellular protein networks, with key roles in chromatin organization, transcription, translation, maintenance of cell architecture and protein quality control. We suggest that amyloidogenic aggregation targets a metastable subproteome, thereby causing multifactorial toxicity and, eventually, the collapse of essential cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Olzscha
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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Lakshmipathy SK, Gupta R, Pinkert S, Etchells SA, Hartl FU. Versatility of trigger factor interactions with ribosome-nascent chain complexes. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:27911-23. [PMID: 20595383 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.134163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Trigger factor (TF) is the first molecular chaperone that interacts with nascent chains emerging from bacterial ribosomes. TF is a modular protein, consisting of an N-terminal ribosome binding domain, a PPIase domain, and a C-terminal domain, all of which participate in polypeptide binding. To directly monitor the interactions of TF with nascent polypeptide chains, TF variants were site-specifically labeled with an environmentally sensitive NBD fluorophore. We found a marked increase in TF-NBD fluorescence during translation of firefly luciferase (Luc) chains, which expose substantial regions of hydrophobicity, but not with nascent chains lacking extensive hydrophobic segments. TF remained associated with Luc nascent chains for 111 +/- 7 s, much longer than it remained bound to the ribosomes (t((1/2)) approximately 10-14 s). Thus, multiple TF molecules can bind per nascent chain during translation. The Escherichia coli cytosolic proteome was classified into predicted weak and strong interactors for TF, based on the occurrence of continuous hydrophobic segments in the primary sequence. The residence time of TF on the nascent chain generally correlated with the presence of hydrophobic regions and the capacity of nascent chains to bury hydrophobicity. Interestingly, TF bound the signal sequence of a secretory protein, pOmpA, but not the hydrophobic signal anchor sequence of the inner membrane protein FtsQ. On the other hand, proteins lacking linear hydrophobic segments also recruited TF, suggesting that TF can recognize hydrophobic surface features discontinuous in sequence. Moreover, TF retained significant affinity for the folded domain of the positively charged, ribosomal protein S7, indicative of an alternative mode of TF action. Thus, unlike other chaperones, TF appears to employ multiple mechanisms to interact with a wide range of substrate proteins.
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Abstract
It is widely believed that the modular organization of cellular function is reflected in a modular structure of molecular networks. A common view is that a “module” in a network is a cohesively linked group of nodes, densely connected internally and sparsely interacting with the rest of the network. Many algorithms try to identify functional modules in protein-interaction networks (PIN) by searching for such cohesive groups of proteins. Here, we present an alternative approach independent of any prior definition of what actually constitutes a “module”. In a self-consistent manner, proteins are grouped into “functional roles” if they interact in similar ways with other proteins according to their functional roles. Such grouping may well result in cohesive modules again, but only if the network structure actually supports this. We applied our method to the PIN from the Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD) and found that a representation of the network in terms of cohesive modules, at least on a global scale, does not optimally represent the network's structure because it focuses on finding independent groups of proteins. In contrast, a decomposition into functional roles is able to depict the structure much better as it also takes into account the interdependencies between roles and even allows groupings based on the absence of interactions between proteins in the same functional role. This, for example, is the case for transmembrane proteins, which could never be recognized as a cohesive group of nodes in a PIN. When mapping experimental methods onto the groups, we identified profound differences in the coverage suggesting that our method is able to capture experimental bias in the data, too. For example yeast-two-hybrid data were highly overrepresented in one particular group. Thus, there is more structure in protein-interaction networks than cohesive modules alone and we believe this finding can significantly improve automated function prediction algorithms. Cellular function is widely believed to be organized in a modular fashion. On all scales and at all levels of complexity, relatively independent sub-units perform relatively independent sub-tasks. This functional modularity must be reflected in the topology of molecular networks. But how a functional module should be represented in an interaction network is an open question. On a small scale, one can identify a protein-complex as a module in protein-interaction networks (PIN), i.e., modules are understood as densely linked (interacting) groups of proteins, that are only sparsely interacting with the rest of the network. In this contribution, we show that extrapolating this concept of cohesively linked clusters of proteins as modules to the scale of the entire PIN inevitably misses important and functionally relevant structure inherent in the network. As an alternative, we introduce a novel way of decomposing a network into functional roles and show that this represents network structure and function more efficiently. This finding should have a profound impact on all module assisted methods of protein function prediction and should shed new light on how functional modules can be represented in molecular interaction networks in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg Schultz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Reichardt
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Complexity Sciences Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Blenk S, Engelmann JC, Pinkert S, Weniger M, Schultz J, Rosenwald A, Müller-Hermelink HK, Müller T, Dandekar T. Explorative data analysis of MCL reveals gene expression networks implicated in survival and prognosis supported by explorative CGH analysis. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:106. [PMID: 18416826 PMCID: PMC2442114 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B cell lymphoma and accounts for 6% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. On the genetic level, MCL is characterized by the hallmark translocation t(11;14) that is present in most cases with few exceptions. Both gene expression and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) data vary considerably between patients with implications for their prognosis. Methods We compare patients over and below the median of survival. Exploratory principal component analysis of gene expression data showed that the second principal component correlates well with patient survival. Explorative analysis of CGH data shows the same correlation. Results On chromosome 7 and 9 specific genes and bands are delineated which improve prognosis prediction independent of the previously described proliferation signature. We identify a compact survival predictor of seven genes for MCL patients. After extensive re-annotation using GEPAT, we established protein networks correlating with prognosis. Well known genes (CDC2, CCND1) and further proliferation markers (WEE1, CDC25, aurora kinases, BUB1, PCNA, E2F1) form a tight interaction network, but also non-proliferative genes (SOCS1, TUBA1B CEBPB) are shown to be associated with prognosis. Furthermore we show that aggressive MCL implicates a gene network shift to higher expressed genes in late cell cycle states and refine the set of non-proliferative genes implicated with bad prognosis in MCL. Conclusion The results from explorative data analysis of gene expression and CGH data are complementary to each other. Including further tests such as Wilcoxon rank test we point both to proliferative and non-proliferative gene networks implicated in inferior prognosis of MCL and identify suitable markers both in gene expression and CGH data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Blenk
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Poller W, Suckau L, Pinkert S, Fechner H. RNA Interference and MicroRNA Modulation for the Treatment of Cardiac Disorders. RNA Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine and Research 2008. [PMCID: PMC7121055 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-78709-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current status and challenges of RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA modulation strategies for the treatment of myocardial disorders are discussed and related to the classical gene therapeutic approaches of the past decade. Section 2 summarizes the key issues of current vector technologies which determine if they may be suitable for clinical translation of experimental RNAi or microRNA therapeutic protocols. We then present and discuss examples dealing with the potential of cardiac RNAi therapy. First, an approach to block a key early step in the pathogenesis of a virus-induced cardiomyopathy by RNAi targeting of a cellular receptor for cardiopathogenic viruses (Section 3). Second, an approach to improve cardiac function by RNAi targeting of late pathway of heart failure pathogenesis common to myocardial disorders of multiple etiologies. This strategy is directed at myocardial Ca2+ homeostasis which is disturbed in heart failure due to coronary heart disease, heart valve dysfunction, cardiac inflammation, or genetic defects (Section 4). Whereas the first type of strategies (directed at early pathogenesis) need to be tailor-made for each different type of pathomechanism, the second type (targeting late common pathways) has a much broader range of application. This advantage of the second type of approaches is of key importance since enormous efforts need to be undertaken before any regulatory RNA therapy enters the stage of possible clinical translation. If then the number of patients eligible for this protocol is large, the actual transformation of the experimental therapy into a new therapeutic option of clinical importance is far more likely to occur.
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Sipo I, Fechner H, Pinkert S, Suckau L, Wang X, Weger S, Poller W. Differential internalization and nuclear uncoating of self-complementary adeno-associated virus pseudotype vectors as determinants of cardiac cell transduction. Gene Ther 2007; 14:1319-29. [PMID: 17611587 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently it was shown that several new pseudotyped adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors support cardioselective expression of transgenes. The molecular mechanisms underlying this propensity for cardiac cell transduction are not well understood. We comparatively analyzed AAV vector attachment, internalization, intracellular trafficking, and nuclear uncoating of recombinant self-complementary (sc) AAV2.2 versus pseudotyped scAAV2.6 vectors expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) in cells of cardiac origin. In cardiac-derived HL-1 cells and primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (PNCMs), expression of GFP increased rapidly after incubation with scAAV2.6-GFP, but remained low after scAAV2.2-GFP. Internalization of scAAV2.6-GFP was more efficient than that of scAAV2.2-GFP. Nuclear translocation was similarly efficient for both, but differential nuclear uncoating rates emerged as a key additional determinant of transduction: 30% of all scAAV2.6-GFP genomes translocated to the nucleus became uncoated within 48 h, but only 16% of scAAV2.2-GFP genomes. In contrast to this situation in cells of cardiac origin, scAAV2.2-GFP displayed more efficient internalization and similar (tumor cell line HeLa) or higher (human microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC)) uncoating rates than scAAV.2.6-GFP in non-cardiac cell types. In summary, both internalization and nuclear uncoating are key determinants of cardiac transduction by scAAV2.6 vectors. Any in vitro screening for the AAV pseudotype most suitable for cardiac gene therapy - which is desirable since it may allow significant reductions in vector load in upcoming clinical trials--needs to quantitate both key steps in transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sipo
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Fechner H, Pinkert S, Wang X, Sipo I, Suckau L, Kurreck J, Dörner A, Sollerbrant K, Zeichhardt H, Grunert HP, Vetter R, Schultheiss HP, Poller W. Coxsackievirus B3 and adenovirus infections of cardiac cells are efficiently inhibited by vector-mediated RNA interference targeting their common receptor. Gene Ther 2007; 14:960-71. [PMID: 17377597 PMCID: PMC7091640 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
As coxsackievirus B3 (CoxB3) and adenoviruses may cause acute myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy, isolation of the common coxsackievirus–adenovirus-receptor (CAR) has provided an interesting new target for molecular antiviral therapy. Whereas many viruses show high mutation rates enabling them to develop escape mutants, mutations of their cellular virus receptors are far less likely. We report on antiviral efficacies of CAR gene silencing by short hairpin (sh)RNAs in the cardiac-derived HL-1 cell line and in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (PNCMs). Treatment with shRNA vectors mediating RNA interference against the CAR resulted in almost complete silencing of receptor expression both in HL-1 cells and PNCMs. Whereas CAR was silenced in HL-1 cells as early as 24 h after vector treatment, its downregulation in PNCMs did not become significant before day 6. CAR knockout resulted in inhibition of CoxB3 infections by up to 97% in HL-1 cells and up to 90% in PNCMs. Adenovirus was inhibited by only 75% in HL-1 cells, but up to 92% in PNCMs. We conclude that CAR knockout by shRNA vectors is efficient against CoxB3 and adenovirus in primary cardiac cells, but the efficacy of this approach in vivo may be influenced by cell type-specific silencing kinetics in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fechner
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Pinkert
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - X Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - I Sipo
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Suckau
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Kurreck
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Dörner
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Sollerbrant
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Stockholm Branch, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Zeichhardt
- Department of Virology, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H-P Grunert
- Department of Virology, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Vetter
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H-P Schultheiss
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Poller
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Fechner H, Suckau L, Kurreck J, Sipo I, Wang X, Pinkert S, Loschen S, Rekittke J, Weger S, Dekkers D, Vetter R, Erdmann VA, Schultheiss HP, Paul M, Lamers J, Poller W. Highly efficient and specific modulation of cardiac calcium homeostasis by adenovector-derived short hairpin RNA targeting phospholamban. Gene Ther 2006; 14:211-8. [PMID: 17024101 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Impaired function of the phospholamban (PLB)-regulated sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump (SERCA2a) contributes to cardiac dysfunction in heart failure (HF). PLB downregulation may increase SERCA2a activity and improve cardiac function. Small interfering (si)RNAs mediate efficient gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi). However, their use for in vivo gene therapy is limited by siRNA instability in plasma and tissues, and by low siRNA transfer rates into target cells. To address these problems, we developed an adenoviral vector (AdV) transcribing short hairpin (sh)RNAs against rat PLB and evaluated its potential to silence the PLB gene and to modulate SERCA2a-mediated Ca(2+) sequestration in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (PNCMs). Over a period of 13 days, vector transduction resulted in stable > 99.9% ablation of PLB-mRNA at a multiplicity of infection of 100. PLB protein gradually decreased until day 7 (7+/-2% left), whereas SERCA, Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX1), calsequestrin and troponin I protein remained unchanged. PLB silencing was associated with a marked increase in ATP-dependent oxalate-supported Ca(2+) uptake at 0.34 microM of free Ca(2+), and rapid loss of responsiveness to protein kinase A-dependent stimulation of Ca(2+) uptake was maintained until day 7. In summary, these results indicate that AdV-derived PLB-shRNA mediates highly efficient, specific and stable PLB gene silencing and modulation of active Ca(2+) sequestration in PNCMs. The availability of the new vector now enables employment of RNAi for the treatment of HF in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fechner
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Gandhi TKB, Zhong J, Mathivanan S, Karthick L, Chandrika KN, Mohan SS, Sharma S, Pinkert S, Nagaraju S, Periaswamy B, Mishra G, Nandakumar K, Shen B, Deshpande N, Nayak R, Sarker M, Boeke JD, Parmigiani G, Schultz J, Bader JS, Pandey A. Analysis of the human protein interactome and comparison with yeast, worm and fly interaction datasets. Nat Genet 2006; 38:285-93. [PMID: 16501559 DOI: 10.1038/ng1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We present the first analysis of the human proteome with regard to interactions between proteins. We also compare the human interactome with the available interaction datasets from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) and fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Of >70,000 binary interactions, only 42 were common to human, worm and fly, and only 16 were common to all four datasets. An additional 36 interactions were common to fly and worm but were not observed in humans, although a coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that 9 of the interactions do occur in humans. A re-examination of the connectivity of essential genes in yeast and humans indicated that the available data do not support the presumption that the number of interaction partners can accurately predict whether a gene is essential. Finally, we found that proteins encoded by genes mutated in inherited genetic disorders are likely to interact with proteins known to cause similar disorders, suggesting the existence of disease subnetworks. The human interaction map constructed from our analysis should facilitate an integrative systems biology approach to elucidating the cellular networks that contribute to health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K B Gandhi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India
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Abstract
The Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool (SMART) is an online resource () used for protein domain identification and the analysis of protein domain architectures. Many new features were implemented to make SMART more accessible to scientists from different fields. The new ‘Genomic’ mode in SMART makes it easy to analyze domain architectures in completely sequenced genomes. Domain annotation has been updated with a detailed taxonomic breakdown and a prediction of the catalytic activity for 50 SMART domains is now available, based on the presence of essential amino acids. Furthermore, intrinsically disordered protein regions can be identified and displayed. The network context is now displayed in the results page for more than 350 000 proteins, enabling easy analyses of domain interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard R. Copley
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Birgit Pils
- Bioinformatik, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, University of Wuerzburg97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Bioinformatik, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, University of Wuerzburg97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schultz
- Bioinformatik, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, University of Wuerzburg97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Peer Bork
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 6221 387 8526; Fax: +49 6221 387 517;
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