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Cazalis V, Santini L, Lucas PM, González-Suárez M, Hoffmann M, Benítez-López A, Pacifici M, Schipper AM, Böhm M, Zizka A, Clausnitzer V, Meyer C, Jung M, Butchart SHM, Cardoso P, Mancini G, Akçakaya HR, Young BE, Patoine G, Di Marco M. Prioritizing the reassessment of data-deficient species on the IUCN Red List. Conserv Biol 2023; 37:e14139. [PMID: 37394972 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite being central to the implementation of conservation policies, the usefulness of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is hampered by the 14% of species classified as data-deficient (DD) because information to evaluate these species' extinction risk was lacking when they were last assessed or because assessors did not appropriately account for uncertainty. Robust methods are needed to identify which DD species are more likely to be reclassified in one of the data-sufficient IUCN Red List categories. We devised a reproducible method to help red-list assessors prioritize reassessment of DD species and tested it with 6887 DD species of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). For each DD species in these groups, we calculated its probability of being classified in a data-sufficient category if reassessed today from covariates measuring available knowledge (e.g., number of occurrence records or published articles available), knowledge proxies (e.g., remoteness of the range), and species characteristics (e.g., nocturnality); calculated change in such probability since last assessment from the increase in available knowledge (e.g., new occurrence records); and determined whether the species might qualify as threatened based on recent rate of habitat loss determined from global land-cover maps. We identified 1907 species with a probability of being reassessed in a data-sufficient category of >0.5; 624 species for which this probability increased by >0.25 since last assessment; and 77 species that could be reassessed as near threatened or threatened based on habitat loss. Combining these 3 elements, our results provided a list of species likely to be data-sufficient such that the comprehensiveness and representativeness of the IUCN Red List can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Cazalis
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luca Santini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Pablo M Lucas
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela González-Suárez
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Ana Benítez-López
- Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Michela Pacifici
- Global Mammal Assessment Programme, Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Aafke M Schipper
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Böhm
- Global Center for Species Survival, Indianapolis Zoological Society, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Alexander Zizka
- Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Meyer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences and Geography, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Jung
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Group, Biodiversity and Natural Resources Management Programme, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Stuart H M Butchart
- BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giordano Mancini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - H Reşit Akçakaya
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), Gland, Switzerland
| | | | - Guillaume Patoine
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Moreno Di Marco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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2
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Maasri A, Jähnig SC, Adamescu MC, Adrian R, Baigun C, Baird DJ, Batista‐Morales A, Bonada N, Brown LE, Cai Q, Campos‐Silva JV, Clausnitzer V, Contreras‐MacBeath T, Cooke SJ, Datry T, Delacámara G, De Meester L, Dijkstra KB, Do VT, Domisch S, Dudgeon D, Erös T, Freitag H, Freyhof J, Friedrich J, Friedrichs‐Manthey M, Geist J, Gessner MO, Goethals P, Gollock M, Gordon C, Grossart H, Gulemvuga G, Gutiérrez‐Fonseca PE, Haase P, Hering D, Hahn HJ, Hawkins CP, He F, Heino J, Hermoso V, Hogan Z, Hölker F, Jeschke JM, Jiang M, Johnson RK, Kalinkat G, Karimov BK, Kasangaki A, Kimirei IA, Kohlmann B, Kuemmerlen M, Kuiper JJ, Kupilas B, Langhans SD, Lansdown R, Leese F, Magbanua FS, Matsuzaki SS, Monaghan MT, Mumladze L, Muzon J, Mvogo Ndongo PA, Nejstgaard JC, Nikitina O, Ochs C, Odume O, Opperman JJ, Patricio H, Pauls S, Raghavan R, Ramírez A, Rashni B, Ross‐Gillespie V, Samways MJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt‐Kloiber A, Seehausen O, Shah DN, Sharma S, Soininen J, Sommerwerk N, Stockwell JD, Suhling F, Tachamo Shah RD, Tharme RE, Thorp JH, Tickner D, Tockner K, Tonkin JD, Valle M, Vitule J, Volk M, Wang D, Wolter C, Worischka S. Cover Image. Ecol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Maasri A, Jähnig SC, Adamescu MC, Adrian R, Baigun C, Baird DJ, Batista-Morales A, Bonada N, Brown LE, Cai Q, Campos-Silva JV, Clausnitzer V, Contreras-MacBeath T, Cooke SJ, Datry T, Delacámara G, De Meester L, Dijkstra KDB, Do VT, Domisch S, Dudgeon D, Erös T, Freitag H, Freyhof J, Friedrich J, Friedrichs-Manthey M, Geist J, Gessner MO, Goethals P, Gollock M, Gordon C, Grossart HP, Gulemvuga G, Gutiérrez-Fonseca PE, Haase P, Hering D, Hahn HJ, Hawkins CP, He F, Heino J, Hermoso V, Hogan Z, Hölker F, Jeschke JM, Jiang M, Johnson RK, Kalinkat G, Karimov BK, Kasangaki A, Kimirei IA, Kohlmann B, Kuemmerlen M, Kuiper JJ, Kupilas B, Langhans SD, Lansdown R, Leese F, Magbanua FS, Matsuzaki SIS, Monaghan MT, Mumladze L, Muzon J, Mvogo Ndongo PA, Nejstgaard JC, Nikitina O, Ochs C, Odume ON, Opperman JJ, Patricio H, Pauls SU, Raghavan R, Ramírez A, Rashni B, Ross-Gillespie V, Samways MJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt-Kloiber A, Seehausen O, Shah DN, Sharma S, Soininen J, Sommerwerk N, Stockwell JD, Suhling F, Tachamo Shah RD, Tharme RE, Thorp JH, Tickner D, Tockner K, Tonkin JD, Valle M, Vitule J, Volk M, Wang D, Wolter C, Worischka S. A global agenda for advancing freshwater biodiversity research. Ecol Lett 2021; 25:255-263. [PMID: 34854211 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Global freshwater biodiversity is declining dramatically, and meeting the challenges of this crisis requires bold goals and the mobilisation of substantial resources. While the reasons are varied, investments in both research and conservation of freshwater biodiversity lag far behind those in the terrestrial and marine realms. Inspired by a global consultation, we identify 15 pressing priority needs, grouped into five research areas, in an effort to support informed stewardship of freshwater biodiversity. The proposed agenda aims to advance freshwater biodiversity research globally as a critical step in improving coordinated actions towards its sustainable management and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Maasri
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mihai C Adamescu
- Research Center in Systems Ecology and Sustainability, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rita Adrian
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudio Baigun
- Universidad Nacional de San Martin, San Martin, Argentina
| | - Donald J Baird
- Environment & Climate Change Canada/University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Núria Bonada
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee E Brown
- School of Geography & water@leeds, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Qinghua Cai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Viola Clausnitzer
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Luc De Meester
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Van Tu Do
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Sami Domisch
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tibor Erös
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | | | - Joerg Freyhof
- Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Martin Friedrichs-Manthey
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mark O Gessner
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Technology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Georges Gulemvuga
- International Commission for Congo-Ubangui-Sangha Basin, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
| | | | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Hans Jürgen Hahn
- University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz and Landau, Germany.,Institute for Groundwater Ecology IGÖ GmbH, Landau, Germany
| | | | - Fengzhi He
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Oulu, Finland
| | - Virgilio Hermoso
- Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya, Solsona, Spain
| | - Zeb Hogan
- University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Franz Hölker
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Jeschke
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Meilan Jiang
- Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Gregor Kalinkat
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bakhtiyor K Karimov
- Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Jan J Kuiper
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Kupilas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.,University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone D Langhans
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Leioa, Spain.,University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael T Monaghan
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Levan Mumladze
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tiblis, Georgia
| | - Javier Muzon
- Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda, Avellaneda, Argentina
| | | | - Jens C Nejstgaard
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Clifford Ochs
- University of Mississippi, University Park, Mississippi, USA
| | | | | | | | - Steffen U Pauls
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Rajeev Raghavan
- Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India
| | - Alonso Ramírez
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bindiya Rashni
- Institute of Applied Science, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | | | | | - Ralf B Schäfer
- University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz and Landau, Germany
| | | | - Ole Seehausen
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Nike Sommerwerk
- Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Frank Suhling
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Klement Tockner
- Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Mireia Valle
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA.,AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Jean Vitule
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Martin Volk
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ding Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Christian Wolter
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Mair L, Bennun LA, Brooks TM, Butchart SHM, Bolam FC, Burgess ND, Ekstrom JMM, Milner-Gulland EJ, Hoffmann M, Ma K, Macfarlane NBW, Raimondo DC, Rodrigues ASL, Shen X, Strassburg BBN, Beatty CR, Gómez-Creutzberg C, Iribarrem A, Irmadhiany M, Lacerda E, Mattos BC, Parakkasi K, Tognelli MF, Bennett EL, Bryan C, Carbone G, Chaudhary A, Eiselin M, da Fonseca GAB, Galt R, Geschke A, Glew L, Goedicke R, Green JMH, Gregory RD, Hill SLL, Hole DG, Hughes J, Hutton J, Keijzer MPW, Navarro LM, Nic Lughadha E, Plumptre AJ, Puydarrieux P, Possingham HP, Rankovic A, Regan EC, Rondinini C, Schneck JD, Siikamäki J, Sendashonga C, Seutin G, Sinclair S, Skowno AL, Soto-Navarro CA, Stuart SN, Temple HJ, Vallier A, Verones F, Viana LR, Watson J, Bezeng S, Böhm M, Burfield IJ, Clausnitzer V, Clubbe C, Cox NA, Freyhof J, Gerber LR, Hilton-Taylor C, Jenkins R, Joolia A, Joppa LN, Koh LP, Lacher TE, Langhammer PF, Long B, Mallon D, Pacifici M, Polidoro BA, Pollock CM, Rivers MC, Roach NS, Rodríguez JP, Smart J, Young BE, Hawkins F, McGowan PJK. A metric for spatially explicit contributions to science-based species targets. Nat Ecol Evol 2021; 5:836-844. [PMID: 33833421 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Convention on Biological Diversity's post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework will probably include a goal to stabilize and restore the status of species. Its delivery would be facilitated by making the actions required to halt and reverse species loss spatially explicit. Here, we develop a species threat abatement and restoration (STAR) metric that is scalable across species, threats and geographies. STAR quantifies the contributions that abating threats and restoring habitats in specific places offer towards reducing extinction risk. While every nation can contribute towards halting biodiversity loss, Indonesia, Colombia, Mexico, Madagascar and Brazil combined have stewardship over 31% of total STAR values for terrestrial amphibians, birds and mammals. Among actions, sustainable crop production and forestry dominate, contributing 41% of total STAR values for these taxonomic groups. Key Biodiversity Areas cover 9% of the terrestrial surface but capture 47% of STAR values. STAR could support governmental and non-state actors in quantifying their contributions to meeting science-based species targets within the framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Mair
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Leon A Bennun
- The Biodiversity Consultancy, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas M Brooks
- IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.,World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), University of The Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.,Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stuart H M Butchart
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK
| | - Friederike C Bolam
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK
| | - Neil D Burgess
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK.,GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Domitilla C Raimondo
- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.,IUCN Species Survival Commission, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ana S L Rodrigues
- CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Xiaoli Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bernardo B N Strassburg
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and Environment, Pontifical Catholic University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Craig R Beatty
- IUCN, Washington DC, USA.,World Wildlife Fund, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Alvaro Iribarrem
- Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and Environment, Pontifical Catholic University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Lacerda
- International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo F Tognelli
- Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA.,IUCN-Conservation International Biodiversity Assessment Unit, Washington DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Maxime Eiselin
- IUCN National Committee of The Netherlands, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Arne Geschke
- Integrated Sustainability Analysis, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Romie Goedicke
- IUCN National Committee of The Netherlands, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M H Green
- Stockholm Environment Institute York, Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK
| | - Richard D Gregory
- RSPB, Sandy, UK.,Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Samantha L L Hill
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Hughes
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marco P W Keijzer
- IUCN National Committee of The Netherlands, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laetitia M Navarro
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Andrew J Plumptre
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Key Biodiversity Areas Secretariat, BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Hugh P Possingham
- The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aleksandar Rankovic
- Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences Po, Paris, France
| | - Eugenie C Regan
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK.,Springer Nature, London, UK
| | - Carlo Rondinini
- Global Mammal Assessment Programme, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew L Skowno
- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carolina A Soto-Navarro
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK.,Luc Hoffmann Institute, Gland, Switzerland
| | - Simon N Stuart
- Synchronicity Earth, London, UK.,IUCN Species Survival Commission, Bath, UK.,A Rocha International, London, UK
| | | | | | - Francesca Verones
- Industrial Ecology Programme, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Leonardo R Viana
- Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA.,Sustainable Forestry Initiative Inc., Washington DC, USA
| | - James Watson
- Wildlife Conservation Society, New York City, NY, USA.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simeon Bezeng
- BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Colin Clubbe
- Conservation Science Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London, UK
| | - Neil A Cox
- Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA.,IUCN-Conservation International Biodiversity Assessment Unit, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jörg Freyhof
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leah R Gerber
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lian Pin Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas E Lacher
- Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Global Wildlife Conservation, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Penny F Langhammer
- Global Wildlife Conservation, Austin, TX, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Barney Long
- Global Wildlife Conservation, Austin, TX, USA
| | - David Mallon
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Michela Pacifici
- Global Mammal Assessment Programme, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Beth A Polidoro
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.,School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Malin C Rivers
- Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK
| | - Nicolette S Roach
- Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Global Wildlife Conservation, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jon Paul Rodríguez
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela.,Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Investigation (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela.,Provita, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | | | | | - Philip J K McGowan
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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5
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Hochkirch A, Samways MJ, Gerlach J, Böhm M, Williams P, Cardoso P, Cumberlidge N, Stephenson PJ, Seddon MB, Clausnitzer V, Borges PAV, Mueller GM, Pearce-Kelly P, Raimondo DC, Danielczak A, Dijkstra KDB. A strategy for the next decade to address data deficiency in neglected biodiversity. Conserv Biol 2021; 35:502-509. [PMID: 32656858 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Measuring progress toward international biodiversity targets requires robust information on the conservation status of species, which the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species provides. However, data and capacity are lacking for most hyperdiverse groups, such as invertebrates, plants, and fungi, particularly in megadiverse or high-endemism regions. Conservation policies and biodiversity strategies aimed at halting biodiversity loss by 2020 need to be adapted to tackle these information shortfalls after 2020. We devised an 8-point strategy to close existing data gaps by reviving explorative field research on the distribution, abundance, and ecology of species; linking taxonomic research more closely with conservation; improving global biodiversity databases by making the submission of spatially explicit data mandatory for scientific publications; developing a global spatial database on threats to biodiversity to facilitate IUCN Red List assessments; automating preassessments by integrating distribution data and spatial threat data; building capacity in taxonomy, ecology, and biodiversity monitoring in countries with high species richness or endemism; creating species monitoring programs for lesser-known taxa; and developing sufficient funding mechanisms to reduce reliance on voluntary efforts. Implementing these strategies in the post-2020 biodiversity framework will help to overcome the lack of capacity and data regarding the conservation status of biodiversity. This will require a collaborative effort among scientists, policy makers, and conservation practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, c/o IUCN, Gland, 1196, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Samways
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Justin Gerlach
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- Peterhouse, Cambridge, CB2 1RD, U.K
| | - Monika Böhm
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, U.K
| | | | - Pedro Cardoso
- IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, c/o IUCN, Gland, 1196, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00100, Finland
- CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo, 9700-042, Portugal
| | - Neil Cumberlidge
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, 49855, U.S.A
| | - P J Stephenson
- IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, c/o IUCN, Gland, 1196, Switzerland
- Science & Economic Knowledge Unit, IUCN, Gland, 1196, Switzerland
- Ecosystem Management Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Mary B Seddon
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- IUCN SSC Mollusc Specialist Group, Exbourne, Okehampton, EX20 3RD, U.K
| | - Viola Clausnitzer
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- Senckenberg Research Institute, Görlitz, 02826, Germany
| | - Paulo A V Borges
- Department of Biogeography, IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation Committee, c/o Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
- IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, c/o IUCN, Gland, 1196, Switzerland
- CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo, 9700-042, Portugal
| | - Gregory M Mueller
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, 60022, U.S.A
| | | | | | - Anja Danielczak
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Trier, D-54286, Germany
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6
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Pinkert S, Zeuss D, Dijkstra KB, Kipping J, Clausnitzer V, Brunzel S, Brandl R. Front Cover. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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7
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Pinkert S, Zeuss D, Dijkstra KB, Kipping J, Clausnitzer V, Brunzel S, Brandl R. Climate–diversity relationships underlying cross‐taxon diversity of the African fauna and their implications for conservation. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pinkert
- Faculty of Biology Ecology – Animal Ecology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven CT USA
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Faculty of Geography Environmental Informatics Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Jens Kipping
- Department of Architecture Faculty Management and Geoinformation University of Applied Sciences Anhalt Köthen Germany
- BioCart Kipping, Environmental Consultant Taucha Germany
| | | | - Stefan Brunzel
- Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Biodiversity and Species Conservation University of Applied Sciences Erfurt Erfurt Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Faculty of Biology Ecology – Animal Ecology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
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8
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Harvey JA, Heinen R, Armbrecht I, Basset Y, Baxter-Gilbert JH, Bezemer TM, Böhm M, Bommarco R, Borges PAV, Cardoso P, Clausnitzer V, Cornelisse T, Crone EE, Dicke M, Dijkstra KDB, Dyer L, Ellers J, Fartmann T, Forister ML, Furlong MJ, Garcia-Aguayo A, Gerlach J, Gols R, Goulson D, Habel JC, Haddad NM, Hallmann CA, Henriques S, Herberstein ME, Hochkirch A, Hughes AC, Jepsen S, Jones TH, Kaydan BM, Kleijn D, Klein AM, Latty T, Leather SR, Lewis SM, Lister BC, Losey JE, Lowe EC, Macadam CR, Montoya-Lerma J, Nagano CD, Ogan S, Orr MC, Painting CJ, Pham TH, Potts SG, Rauf A, Roslin TL, Samways MJ, Sanchez-Bayo F, Sar SA, Schultz CB, Soares AO, Thancharoen A, Tscharntke T, Tylianakis JM, Umbers KDL, Vet LEM, Visser ME, Vujic A, Wagner DL, WallisDeVries MF, Westphal C, White TE, Wilkins VL, Williams PH, Wyckhuys KAG, Zhu ZR, de Kroon H. International scientists formulate a roadmap for insect conservation and recovery. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:174-176. [PMID: 31907382 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-1079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Harvey
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Robin Heinen
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Armbrecht
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Yves Basset
- ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | | | - T Martijn Bezemer
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Böhm
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Riccardo Bommarco
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paulo A V Borges
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of Azores, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas-Douwe B Dijkstra
- IUCN SSC Freshwater Conservation Committee, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lee Dyer
- Biology Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Jacintha Ellers
- Department of Ecological Sciences, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Fartmann
- Department of Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | - Michael J Furlong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Justin Gerlach
- IUCN SSC Terrestrial Invertebrate Red List Authority, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rieta Gols
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dave Goulson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Jan-Christian Habel
- Evolutionary Zoology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nick M Haddad
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, USA
| | - Caspar A Hallmann
- Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marie E Herberstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Alice C Hughes
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan, China
| | - Sarina Jepsen
- The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Portland, OR, USA
| | - T Hefin Jones
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Bora M Kaydan
- Biotechnology Application and Research Centre, Çukurova University, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey
| | - David Kleijn
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tanya Latty
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon R Leather
- Crop & Environment Science, Harper Adams University, Newport, UK
| | - Sara M Lewis
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Bradford C Lister
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - John E Losey
- Entomology Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Lowe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Craig R Macadam
- Buglife - The Invertebrate Conservation Trust, Peterborough, UK
| | | | | | - Sophie Ogan
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Michael C Orr
- Key Laboratory for Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Thai-Hong Pham
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature & Graduate School of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Simon G Potts
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Reading University, Reading, UK
| | - Aunu Rauf
- Department of Plant Protection, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Tomas L Roslin
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael J Samways
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | | | - Sim A Sar
- National Agricultural Research Institute, Lae, Papua New Guinea
| | - Cheryl B Schultz
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, British Columbia, USA
| | - António O Soares
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of Azores, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anchana Thancharoen
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Agroecology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jason M Tylianakis
- Bio-protection Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kate D L Umbers
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise E M Vet
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel E Visser
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ante Vujic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - David L Wagner
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Michiel F WallisDeVries
- De Vlinderstichting (Dutch Butterfly Conservation) & Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catrin Westphal
- Functional Agrobiodiversity, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas E White
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vicky L Wilkins
- IUCN SSC Mid Atlantic Island Invertebrate Specialist Group, IUCN, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Insect Pests and Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hans de Kroon
- Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Clausnitzer V, Simaika JP, Samways MJ, Daniel BA. Dragonflies as flagships for sustainable use of water resources in environmental education. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1533015x.2017.1333050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John P. Simaika
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Michael J. Samways
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
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Remmers W, Gameiro J, Schaberl I, Clausnitzer V. Elephant (Loxodonta africana) footprints as habitat for aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in Kibale National Park, south-west Uganda. Afr J Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Remmers
- University of Koblenz-Landau; Universitaetsstr. 1 56070 Koblenz Germany
| | - João Gameiro
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa; 1749-016 Campo Grande Lisboa Portugal
| | | | - Viola Clausnitzer
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz; Am Museum 1 02826 Görlitz Germany
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Darwall WRT, Holland RA, Smith KG, Allen D, Brooks EGE, Katarya V, Pollock CM, Shi Y, Clausnitzer V, Cumberlidge N, Cuttelod A, Dijkstra KDB, Diop MD, García N, Seddon MB, Skelton PH, Snoeks J, Tweddle D, Vié JC. Implications of bias in conservation research and investment for freshwater species. Conserv Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-263x.2011.00202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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12
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Hoffmann M, Hilton-Taylor C, Angulo A, Böhm M, Brooks TM, Butchart SHM, Carpenter KE, Chanson J, Collen B, Cox NA, Darwall WRT, Dulvy NK, Harrison LR, Katariya V, Pollock CM, Quader S, Richman NI, Rodrigues ASL, Tognelli MF, Vié JC, Aguiar JM, Allen DJ, Allen GR, Amori G, Ananjeva NB, Andreone F, Andrew P, Aquino Ortiz AL, Baillie JEM, Baldi R, Bell BD, Biju SD, Bird JP, Black-Decima P, Blanc JJ, Bolaños F, Bolivar-G W, Burfield IJ, Burton JA, Capper DR, Castro F, Catullo G, Cavanagh RD, Channing A, Chao NL, Chenery AM, Chiozza F, Clausnitzer V, Collar NJ, Collett LC, Collette BB, Cortez Fernandez CF, Craig MT, Crosby MJ, Cumberlidge N, Cuttelod A, Derocher AE, Diesmos AC, Donaldson JS, Duckworth JW, Dutson G, Dutta SK, Emslie RH, Farjon A, Fowler S, Freyhof J, Garshelis DL, Gerlach J, Gower DJ, Grant TD, Hammerson GA, Harris RB, Heaney LR, Hedges SB, Hero JM, Hughes B, Hussain SA, Icochea M J, Inger RF, Ishii N, Iskandar DT, Jenkins RKB, Kaneko Y, Kottelat M, Kovacs KM, Kuzmin SL, La Marca E, Lamoreux JF, Lau MWN, Lavilla EO, Leus K, Lewison RL, Lichtenstein G, Livingstone SR, Lukoschek V, Mallon DP, McGowan PJK, McIvor A, Moehlman PD, Molur S, Muñoz Alonso A, Musick JA, Nowell K, Nussbaum RA, Olech W, Orlov NL, Papenfuss TJ, Parra-Olea G, Perrin WF, Polidoro BA, Pourkazemi M, Racey PA, Ragle JS, Ram M, Rathbun G, Reynolds RP, Rhodin AGJ, Richards SJ, Rodríguez LO, Ron SR, Rondinini C, Rylands AB, Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Sanciangco JC, Sanders KL, Santos-Barrera G, Schipper J, Self-Sullivan C, Shi Y, Shoemaker A, Short FT, Sillero-Zubiri C, Silvano DL, Smith KG, Smith AT, Snoeks J, Stattersfield AJ, Symes AJ, Taber AB, Talukdar BK, Temple HJ, Timmins R, Tobias JA, Tsytsulina K, Tweddle D, Ubeda C, Valenti SV, van Dijk PP, Veiga LM, Veloso A, Wege DC, Wilkinson M, Williamson EA, Xie F, Young BE, Akçakaya HR, Bennun L, Blackburn TM, Boitani L, Dublin HT, da Fonseca GAB, Gascon C, Lacher TE, Mace GM, Mainka SA, McNeely JA, Mittermeier RA, Reid GM, Rodriguez JP, Rosenberg AA, Samways MJ, Smart J, Stein BA, Stuart SN. The impact of conservation on the status of the world's vertebrates. Science 2010; 330:1503-9. [PMID: 20978281 DOI: 10.1126/science.1194442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Using data for 25,780 species categorized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, we present an assessment of the status of the world's vertebrates. One-fifth of species are classified as Threatened, and we show that this figure is increasing: On average, 52 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians move one category closer to extinction each year. However, this overall pattern conceals the impact of conservation successes, and we show that the rate of deterioration would have been at least one-fifth again as much in the absence of these. Nonetheless, current conservation efforts remain insufficient to offset the main drivers of biodiversity loss in these groups: agricultural expansion, logging, overexploitation, and invasive alien species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hoffmann
- IUCN SSC Species Survival Commission, c/o United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK.
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Groeneveld LF, Clausnitzer V, Hadrys H. Convergent evolution of gigantism in damselflies of Africa and South America? Evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2007; 42:339-46. [PMID: 16945555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Revised: 05/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Extreme large body size is rare in modern Zygoptera (damselflies). Only the South and Central American damselfly family Pseudostigmatidae and one African species, Coryphagrion grandis, share the morphological trait of gigantism. By means of phylogenetic analyses using two mitochondrial markers (16S rDNA and ND1) and one nuclear marker (EF1) in combination with an existing morphological data set, we trace the evolution of gigantism in damselflies. Individual and combined data sets were analyzed using the maximum parsimony, minimum evolution and maximum likelihood algorithms. Regardless of the algorithm used and the data set analyzed all principal tree topologies support a monophyly of the damselfly taxa displaying giant body size. This supports the view that the evolution of gigantism in damselflies from Africa and South America is not the result of convergent evolution due to strikingly similar habitat preferences, but rather the result of close genealogical relationship. Because modern odonates evolved before the split of Africa from Gondwanaland, the proposed phylogeny suggests that C. grandis represents a Gondwana relict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn F Groeneveld
- ITZ, Ecology and Evolution, TiHo Hannover, Bünteweg 17d, D-30559 Hannover, Germany
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Clausnitzer V, Churchfield S, Hutterer R. Habitat occurrence and feeding ecology of Crocidura montis
and Lophuromys flavopunctatus
on Mt. Elgon, Uganda. Afr J Ecol 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2028.2003.00386.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Clausnitzer V. A checklist of the dragonflies (Odonata) of Kenya. Afr J Ecol 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2028.1999.00192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Clausnitzer V. Territorial behaviour of a rainforest dragonfly Notiothemis robertsi (Odonata: Libellulidae): proposed functions of specific behavioural patterns. J Zool (1987) 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Clausnitzer V, Clausnitzer R. [Muscle function therapy of the orofacial area]. Kinderarztl Prax 1989; 57:61-70. [PMID: 2657186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Many disabilities, motorial disorders, tics, behaviour disturbances, habits, greater or smaller dysfunctions in the oral system and speech and voice damages concern the paediatrician in his daily practice. Very often these problems appear in combination or together with other pathologies, sometimes within difficult complex diseases. Different symptoms are mentioned helpful to the paediatrician. Often must be used diagnosis and therapy of different branches in a connected team-work. The demonstrated conception of the myofunctional therapy in the oro-facial system developed by the two authors, has to be seen in this respect. This conception has been tested on patients with dysgnathias, dyslalias and the two oro-facial dysfunctions deviate swallowing and habitual mouthbreathing. Characteristic features of this conception, its sources, its elements, its course, its methodical principles and its position in a paediatric complex therapy are demonstrated.
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Clausnitzer R, Clausnitzer V. [Correlation between dysgnathias and the dorsal or apical formation of the S sound]. Stomatol DDR 1986; 36:634-8. [PMID: 3473757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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