1
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Tian L, Xu R, Chen D, Ananjeva NB, Brown RM, Min MS, Cai B, Mijidsuren B, Zhang B, Guo X. Range-Wide Phylogeography and Ecological Niche Modeling Provide Insights into the Evolutionary History of the Mongolian Racerunner ( Eremias argus) in Northeast Asia. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1124. [PMID: 38612363 PMCID: PMC11011046 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mongolian racerunner, Eremias argus, is a small lizard endemic to Northeast Asia that can serve as an excellent model for investigating how geography and past climate change have jointly influenced the evolution of biodiversity in this region. To elucidate the processes underlying its diversification and demography, we reconstructed the range-wide phylogeographic pattern and evolutionary trajectory, using phylogenetic, population genetic, landscape genetic, Bayesian phylogeographic reconstruction and ecological niche modeling approaches. Phylogenetic analyses of the mtDNA cyt b gene revealed eight lineages that were unbounded by geographic region. The genetic structure of E. argus was mainly determined by geographic distance. Divergence dating indicated that E. argus and E. brenchleyi diverged during the Mid-Pliocene Warm Period. E. argus was estimated to have coalesced at~0.4351 Ma (Marine Isotope Stage 19). Bayesian phylogeographic diffusion analysis revealed out-of-Inner Mongolia and rapid colonization events from the end of the Last Interglacial to the Last Glacial Maximum, which is consistent with the expanded suitable range of the Last Glacial Maximum. Pre-Last Glacial Maximum growth of population is presented for most lineages of E. argus. The Glacial Maximum contraction model and the previous multiple glacial refugia hypotheses are rejected. This may be due to an increase in the amount of climatically favorable habitats in Northeast Asia. Furthermore, E. argus barbouri most likely represents an invalid taxon. The present study is the first to report a range-wide phylogeography of reptiles over such a large region in Northeast Asia. Our results make a significant contribution towards understanding the biogeography of the entire Northeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Tian
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610223, China; (L.T.); (R.X.); (B.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610223, China; (L.T.); (R.X.); (B.C.)
| | - Dali Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Natalia B. Ananjeva
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia;
| | - Rafe M. Brown
- Biodiversity Institute, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| | - Mi-Sook Min
- Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bo Cai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610223, China; (L.T.); (R.X.); (B.C.)
| | - Byambasuren Mijidsuren
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 210153, Mongolia;
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China;
| | - Xianguang Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610223, China; (L.T.); (R.X.); (B.C.)
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2
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Cherepanov GO, Gordeev DA, Melnikov DA, Ananjeva NB. Osteoderm Development during the Regeneration Process in Eurylepis taeniolata Blyth, 1854 (Scincidae, Sauria, Squamata). J Dev Biol 2023; 11:22. [PMID: 37367476 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoderms are bony structures that develop within the dermal layer of the skin in vertebrates and are very often found in different lizard families. Lizard osteoderms are diverse in topography, morphology, and microstructure. Of particular interest are the compound osteoderms of skinks, which are a complex of several bone elements known as osteodermites. We present new data on the development and regeneration of compound osteoderms based on the results of a histological and Computed Microtomography (micro-CT) study of a scincid lizard: Eurylepis taeniolata. The specimens studied are stored in the herpetological collections of the Saint-Petersburg State University and Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences located in St. Petersburg, Russia. The topography of osteoderms in the integuments of the original tail area and its regenerated part was studied. A comparative histological description of the original and regenerated osteoderms of Eurylepis taeniolata is presented for the first time. The first description of the development of compound osteoderm microstructure in the process of caudal regeneration is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady O Cherepanov
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gordeev
- Department of Biology and Bioengineering, Institute of Natural Sciences, Volgograd State University, 400062 Volgograd, Russia
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3
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Amarasinghe AAT, Masroor R, Lalremsanga HT, Weerakkody S, Ananjeva NB, Campbell PD, Kennedy‐Gold SR, Bandara SK, Bragin AM, Gayan AKA, Sharma VR, Sayyed A, Biakzuala L, Kanishka AS, Ganesh SR, Ineich I, de Silva A, Wickramasinghe LJM, Seneviratne SS, Poyarkov NA, Vogel G, Jablonski D. Integrative approach resolves the systematics of barred wolf snakes in the
Lycodon striatus
complex (Reptilia, Colubridae). ZOOL SCR 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amarasinghe A. Thasun Amarasinghe
- Herpetology Lab Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) Research Center for Biosystematics & Evolution The National Research & Innovation Agency (BRIN; Government of Indonesia) Cibinong Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia
| | - Rafaqat Masroor
- Zoological Sciences Division, Pakistan Museum of Natural History Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Hmar T. Lalremsanga
- Developmental Biology and Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Mizoram University Aizawl Mizoram India
| | - Sanjaya Weerakkody
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Department of Zoology & Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka
| | - Natalia B. Ananjeva
- Division of Herpetology and Ornithology Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | | | - Stevie R. Kennedy‐Gold
- Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Herpetology, Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Andrey M. Bragin
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia
- Joint Russian‐Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Atthanagoda K. A. Gayan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka
| | - Vivek R. Sharma
- Department of Zoology Government Model Science College Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Amit Sayyed
- Wildlife Protection and Research Society Maharashtra India
| | - Lal Biakzuala
- Developmental Biology and Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Mizoram University Aizawl Mizoram India
| | | | | | - Ivan Ineich
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution et Biodiversit, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, École Pratique des Hautes Études Université des Antilles, CNRS Paris France
| | - Anslem de Silva
- Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS) Gampola Sri Lanka
| | | | - Sampath S. Seneviratne
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Department of Zoology & Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka
| | - Nikolay A. Poyarkov
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia
- Joint Russian‐Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Gernot Vogel
- Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology Heidelberg Germany
| | - Daniel Jablonski
- Department of Zoology Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
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4
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Liu S, Hou M, Ananjeva NB, Rao D. Four new species of the genus Diploderma Hallowell, 1861 (Squamata, Agamidae) from China. Zookeys 2023; 1148:167-207. [DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1148.97706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Four new species of Diploderma are described from Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, southwestern China, based on an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological and genetic data. The first new species from Danba County, Sichuan Province, is morphologically most similar and phylogenetically closely related to D. flaviceps, but it can be diagnosed from the latter by having a relatively much shorter tail and by a genetic distance of 4.4% in the ND2 gene; the second new species from Muli County, Sichuan Province, is phylogenetically closely related to D. daochengense, D. yongshengense, and D. yulongense, but it can be diagnosed from the latter three species by having a pale yellow gular spot and by genetic distances of 5.6–6.7% in the ND2 gene; the third new species from Jiulong County, Sichuan Province, is morphologically most similar and phylogenetically closely related to D. angustelinea, but it can be diagnosed from the latter by having a relatively much longer tail and by a genetic distance of 2.8% in the ND2 gene; and the last new species from Weixi County, Yunnan Province, is phylogenetically closely related to D. aorun, but it can be diagnosed from the latter by having a pale yellow gular spot and by a genetic distance of 2.9% in the ND2 gene. Our work brings the number of species within the genus Diploderma to 46.
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5
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Liu S, Hou M, Rao D, Ananjeva NB. Three new species of Diploderma Hallowell, 1861 (Squamata, Agamidae) from the Hengduan Mountain Region, south-western China. Zookeys 2022; 1131:1-30. [PMID: 36761463 PMCID: PMC9836577 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1131.86644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new species of Diploderma are described from the Hengduan Mountain Region in south-western China, based on morphological and genetic data. The first new species from Yulong County, Yunnan Province is morphologically most similar and phylogenetically closely related to D.brevicauda, but it can be diagnosed from the latter by having a relatively longer tail; the second new species from Xiangcheng County, Sichuan Province is phylogenetically closely related to D.bowoense, but it can be diagnosed from the latter by the absence of a distinct gular spot; and the third new species from Yongsheng County, Yunnan Province is phylogenetically closely related to D.yulongense, but it can be diagnosed from the latter by having different colourations of the ventral and ventrolateral surfaces of the body. Taxonomy and diversity survey are the basis of species conservation, our discoveries contributing to better conservation of the species of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, ChinaKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina,Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, ChinaKunming Natural History Museum of ZoologyKunmingChina
| | - Mian Hou
- College of Continuing (Online) Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, ChinaSichuan Normal UniversityChengduChina
| | - Dingqi Rao
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, ChinaKunming Natural History Museum of ZoologyKunmingChina
| | - Natalia B. Ananjeva
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab., 1, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaZoological Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. PetersburgRussia
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6
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Orlov NL, Snetkov PB, Ermakov OA, Nguyen TT, Ananjeva NB. Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a New Cryptic Species of <i>Xenopeltis</i> Gray, 1831 (Ophidia: Macrostomata: Pythonoidea: Xenopeltidae) from Central Highlands, Vietnam. RUSS J HERPETOL 2022. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2022-29-4-237-249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a new cryptic snake species of the genus Xenopeltis from Central Highlands of Vietnam: Kon Plông District, Kon Tum Province based both on morphological and molecular data. Xenopeltis intermedius sp. nov. is distinguished from the two known species by a combination of the following morphological characters. Xenopeltis intermedius sp. nov. differs from X. unicolor and X. hainanensis by the number of ventrals and subcaudals. The skull is less elongated than in X. unicolor and somewhat more elongate than in X. hainanensis. X. intermedius demonstrates differences in size, shape proportions and relief of the parietal bone and the number of teeth from X. hainanensis and X. unicolor. We provide a COI-based estimation of diversity of the genus Xenopeltis. Genetic divergence (p-distance) between Xenopeltis sp. nov. from Kon Tum Province, Central Highlands region of Vietnam, and two other congeners was 5.7% (for X. hainanensis) and 12.9% (for X. unicolor). The new species is currently known only from one locality from Central Highland and was recorded from 1500 to 2500 m a.s.l. in the evergreen polydominant forests in the mountainous regions of Kon Tum Province. This is the third species of Xenopeltis from Vietnam.
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7
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Cox N, Young BE, Bowles P, Fernandez M, Marin J, Rapacciuolo G, Böhm M, Brooks TM, Hedges SB, Hilton-Taylor C, Hoffmann M, Jenkins RKB, Tognelli MF, Alexander GJ, Allison A, Ananjeva NB, Auliya M, Avila LJ, Chapple DG, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Cogger HG, Colli GR, de Silva A, Eisemberg CC, Els J, Fong G A, Grant TD, Hitchmough RA, Iskandar DT, Kidera N, Martins M, Meiri S, Mitchell NJ, Molur S, Nogueira CDC, Ortiz JC, Penner J, Rhodin AGJ, Rivas GA, Rödel MO, Roll U, Sanders KL, Santos-Barrera G, Shea GM, Spawls S, Stuart BL, Tolley KA, Trape JF, Vidal MA, Wagner P, Wallace BP, Xie Y. A global reptile assessment highlights shared conservation needs of tetrapods. Nature 2022; 605:285-290. [PMID: 35477765 PMCID: PMC9095493 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive assessments of species’ extinction risks have documented the extinction crisis1 and underpinned strategies for reducing those risks2. Global assessments reveal that, among tetrapods, 40.7% of amphibians, 25.4% of mammals and 13.6% of birds are threatened with extinction3. Because global assessments have been lacking, reptiles have been omitted from conservation-prioritization analyses that encompass other tetrapods4–7. Reptiles are unusually diverse in arid regions, suggesting that they may have different conservation needs6. Here we provide a comprehensive extinction-risk assessment of reptiles and show that at least 1,829 out of 10,196 species (21.1%) are threatened—confirming a previous extrapolation8 and representing 15.6 billion years of phylogenetic diversity. Reptiles are threatened by the same major factors that threaten other tetrapods—agriculture, logging, urban development and invasive species—although the threat posed by climate change remains uncertain. Reptiles inhabiting forests, where these threats are strongest, are more threatened than those in arid habitats, contrary to our prediction. Birds, mammals and amphibians are unexpectedly good surrogates for the conservation of reptiles, although threatened reptiles with the smallest ranges tend to be isolated from other threatened tetrapods. Although some reptiles—including most species of crocodiles and turtles—require urgent, targeted action to prevent extinctions, efforts to protect other tetrapods, such as habitat preservation and control of trade and invasive species, will probably also benefit many reptiles. An extinction-risk assessment of reptiles shows that at least 21.1% of species are threatened by factors such as agriculture, logging, urban development and invasive species, and that efforts to protect birds, mammals and amphibians probably also benefit many reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Cox
- Biodiversity Assessment Unit, IUCN-Conservation International, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Philip Bowles
- Biodiversity Assessment Unit, IUCN-Conservation International, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Miguel Fernandez
- NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA.,Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation and Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.,Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Julie Marin
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IAME, Bobigny, France
| | - Giovanni Rapacciuolo
- Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Monika Böhm
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Thomas M Brooks
- IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.,World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), University of The Philippines, Los Baños, The Philippines.,Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - S Blair Hedges
- Center for Biodiversity, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Craig Hilton-Taylor
- Science & Data Centre: Biodiversity Assessment & Knowledge Team, IUCN, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- Conservation and Policy, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Richard K B Jenkins
- Science & Data Centre: Biodiversity Assessment & Knowledge Team, IUCN, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcelo F Tognelli
- Biodiversity Assessment Unit, IUCN-Conservation International, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Graham J Alexander
- Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Natalia B Ananjeva
- Department of Herpetology, Zoological Institute, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mark Auliya
- Department of Herpetology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luciano Javier Avila
- Grupo Herpetología Patagónica (GHP-LASIBIBE), Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - David G Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diego F Cisneros-Heredia
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Museo de Zoología, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical iBIOTROP, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.,Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Harold G Cogger
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guarino R Colli
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Anslem de Silva
- South Asia Regional Office, Crocodile Specialist Group, Gampols, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Johannes Els
- Environment and Protected Areas Authority, Government of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ansel Fong G
- Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad (BIOECO), Museo de Historia Natural "Tomás Romay", Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Tandora D Grant
- Conservation Science & Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Noriko Kidera
- Department of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan.,National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Marcio Martins
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shai Meiri
- School of Zoology & the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicola J Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Juan Carlos Ortiz
- Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Johannes Penner
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gilson A Rivas
- Museo de Biología, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Mark-Oliver Rödel
- Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uri Roll
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Kate L Sanders
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Glenn M Shea
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney School of Veterinary Science B01, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Bryan L Stuart
- Section of Research & Collections, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Krystal A Tolley
- Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Marcela A Vidal
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | | | | | - Yan Xie
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Abstract
A new species of Cyrtodactylus is described based on five specimens collected from the karst formations of Maguan County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The new species is recognized by having a unique combination of morphological characters: medium body size, ventrolateral folds present without interspersed tubercles, 7 – 9 precloacal pores in a continuous series, enlarged femoral scales present and continuous with pore-bearing precloacal scales, femoral pores on each enlarged femoral scale in males, 1 – 4 postcloacal tubercles on each side, subcaudals enlarged, a black postocular streak extending from posterior corner of eye rearwards to above tympanum, nuchal loop discontinuous, 6 – 7 black irregular dorsal bands between limbs, most bands discontinuous. Genetically, uncorrected sequence divergences of the ND2 gene and its flanking tRNAs between the new species and investigated congeners ranged from 12.5% to 18.2%.
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9
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Orlov NL, Ermakov OA, Nguyen TT, Ananjeva NB. A new record of odd-scaled snake (Serpentes, Xenodermidae) from Vietnam: expanded description of Parafimbrios vietnamensis based on integrative taxonomy. Zookeys 2021; 1048:79-89. [PMID: 34305420 PMCID: PMC8282596 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1048.66477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the combination of molecular and morphological data, we herein report the second known finding of the xenodermid snake species Parafimbriosvietnamensis Ziegler, Ngo, Pham, Nguyen, Le & Nguyen, 2018. The male individual was found in the Yen Bai Province of northwestern Vietnam, more than 200 km from the type locality in Lai Chau Province. Genetic divergence between the newly-collected male and the holotype was low (1.7%), and is in agreement with morphological data that supports that they are conspecific. We give a detailed description of the morphological characters and coloration of the new record and provide an expanded diagnosis of P.vietnamensis. Parafimbrios is a poorly-understood genus, and our recent discovery brings the total number of known specimens of the genus to nine, 1/3 of them having been found in Vietnam (one specimen of P.lao and now two specimens of P.vietnamensis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai L Orlov
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Oleg A Ermakov
- Penza State University, Krasnaya ul. 40, Penza, 440026, Russia Penza State University Penza Russia
| | - Tao Thien Nguyen
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Natalia B Ananjeva
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
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10
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Buehler MD, Zoljargal P, Purvee E, Munkhbayar K, Munkhbaatar M, Batsaikhan N, Ananjeva NB, Orlov NL, Papenfuss TJ, Roldán-Pińa D, Douchindorj , Grismer LL, Oaks JR, Brown RM, Grismer JL. The Results of Four Recent Joint Expeditions to the Gobi Desert: Lacertids and Agamids. RUSS J HERPETOL 2021. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-1-15-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The National University of Mongolia, the Mongolian State University of Education, the University of Nebraska, and the University of Kansas conducted four collaborative expeditions between 2010 and 2014, resulting in accounts for all species of lacertid and agamid, except Phrynocephalus kulagini. These expeditions resulted in a range extension for Eremias arguta and the collection of specimens and tissues across 134 unique localities. In this paper we summarize the species of the Agamidae (Paralaudakia stoliczkana, Ph. hispidus, Ph. helioscopus, and Ph. versicolor) and Lacertidae (E. argus, E. arguta, E. dzungarica, E. multiocellata, E. przewalskii, and E. vermiculata) that were collected during these four expeditions. Further, we provide a summary of all species within these two families in Mongolia. Finally, we discuss issues of Wallacean and Linnaean shortfalls for the herpetofauna of the Mongolian Gobi Desert, and provide future directions for studies of community assemblages and population genetics of reptile species in the region.
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11
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Weinell JL, Barley AJ, Siler CD, Orlov NL, Ananjeva NB, Oaks JR, Burbrink FT, Brown RM. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic range evolution in cat-eyed snakes, Boiga (Serpentes: Colubridae). Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The genus Boiga includes 35, primarily arboreal snake species distributed from the Middle East to Australia and many islands in the western Pacific, with particularly high species diversity in South-East Asia. Despite including the iconic mangrove snakes (Boiga dendrophila complex) and the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis; infamous for avian extinctions on small islands of the Pacific), species-level phylogenetic relationships and the biogeographic history of this ecologically and morphologically distinct clade are poorly understood. In this study, we sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA for 24 Boiga species and used these data to estimate a robust phylogenetic inference, in order to (1) test the hypothesis that Boiga is monophyletic, (2) evaluate the validity of current species-level taxonomy and (3) examine whether geographic range evolution in Boiga is consistent with expectations concerning dispersal and colonization of vertebrates between continents and islands. Our results support the prevailing view that most dispersal events are downstream – from continents to oceanic islands – but we also identify a role for upstream dispersal from oceanic islands to continents. Additionally, the novel phylogeny of Boiga presented here is informative for updating species-level taxonomy within the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Weinell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Anthony J Barley
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Cameron D Siler
- Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Nikolai L Orlov
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia B Ananjeva
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jamie R Oaks
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Frank T Burbrink
- Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafe M Brown
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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12
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Orlov NL, Ananjeva NB, Nguyen TT. New Record and Distribution of the Genus Goniurosaurus Barbour, 1908 (Eublapharidae, Sauria, Reptilia) in Vietnam. RUSS J HERPETOL 2020. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-3-179-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The paper described the distribution of the eublepharid lizards of the genus Goniurosaurus in Vietnam and a new first record of Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi, which was made westwards of the Song Hong River.
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13
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Ananjeva NB, Milto KD, Barabanov AV, Golynsky EA. An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A. Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia. Zootaxa 2020; 4722:zootaxa.4722.2.1. [PMID: 32230629 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A complete catalogue is provided for the type specimens of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A. Zarudny and stored mostly in the herpetological collection of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZISP), as of August 2018. The collection contains 270 type specimens, representing 51 taxa (species and/or subspecies) of one family of turtles, one amphisbaenia family, five lizard families and four snake families from 74 type localities. As a result of studying Zarudny's collections, mainly from Iran, was the description by A. M. Nikolsky of two new genera, Microgecko and Diplometopon, and 42 species and subspecies (varieties). Twenty-two of these taxa are regarded currently as valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia B Ananjeva
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia..
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14
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Milto KD, Saber SA, Nagy AM, Nazarov RA, Melnikov DA, Ananjeva NB. First Report on the Reptile Diversity of Wadi El Gemal National Park, Eastern Desert, Egypt. RUSS J HERPETOL 2019. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-3-175-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Macey JR, Schulte JAI, Ananjeva NB, Dyke ETV, Wang Y, Orlov N, Shafiei S, Robinson MD, Dujsebayeva T, Freund GS, Fischer CM, Liu D, Papenfuss TJ. A molecular phylogenetic hypothesis for the Asian agamid lizard genus Phrynocephalus reveals discrete biogeographic clades implicated by plate tectonics. Zootaxa 2018; 4467:1-81. [PMID: 30313432 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4467.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships of the agamid lizard genus Phrynocephalus are described in the context of plate tectonics. A near comprehensive taxon sampling reports three data sets: (1) mitochondrial DNA from ND1 to COI (3' end of ND1, tRNAGln, tRNAIle, tRNAMet, ND2, tRNATrp, tRNAAla, tRNAAsn, tRNACys, tRNATyr, and the 5' end of COI) with 1761 aligned positional sites (1595 included, 839 informative), (2) nuclear RAG-1 DNA with 2760 aligned positional sites (342 informative), and (3) 25 informative allozyme loci with 213 alleles (107 informative when coded as presence/absence). It is hypothesized that Phrynocephalus phyletic patterns and speciation reflect fault lines of ancient plates now in Asia rejuvenated by the more recent Indian and Arabian plate collisions. Molecular estimates of lineage splits are highly congruent with geologic dates from the literature. A southern origin for the genus in Southwest Asia is resolved in phylogenetic estimates and a northern origin is statistically rejected. On the basis of monophyly and molecular evidence several taxa previously recognized as subspecies are recognized as species: P. hongyuanensis, P. sogdianus, and P. strauchi as "Current Status"; Phrynocephalus bannikovi, Phrynocephalus longicaudatus, Phrynocephalus turcomanus, and Phrynocephalus vindumi are formally "New Status". Phylogenetic evaluation indicates a soft substrate habitat of sand for the shared ancestor of modern Phrynocephalus. Size diversity maximally overlaps in the Caspian Basin and northwestern Iranian Plateau. The greatest species numbers of six in sympatry and regional allopatry are found in the southern Caspian Basin and southern Helmand Basin, both from numerous phylogenetic lineages in close proximity attributed to tectonic induced events.
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Key Words
- Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae, Phrynocephalus, Asia, biogeography, evolution, phylogenetics, tectonics, mitochondrial DNA, RAG-1, allozyme
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Affiliation(s)
- J Robert Macey
- Genomics, Department of Biosciences, Merritt College, 12500 Campus Drive, Oakland, CA 94619, USA Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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16
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Nazarov RA, Radjabizadeh M, Poyarkov, Jr. NA, Ananjeva NB, Melnikov DA, Rastegar-Pouyani E. A New Species of Frog-Eyed Gecko, Genus Teratoscincus Strauch, 1863 (Squamata: Sauria: Sphaerodactylidae), from Central Iran. RUSS J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2019-24-4-291-310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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Zinenko O, Stümpel N, Mazanaeva L, Bakiev A, Shiryaev K, Pavlov A, Kotenko T, Kukushkin O, Chikin Y, Duisebayeva T, Nilson G, Orlov NL, Tuniyev S, Ananjeva NB, Murphy RW, Joger U. Mitochondrial phylogeny shows multiple independent ecological transitions and northern dispersion despite of Pleistocene glaciations in meadow and steppe vipers (Vipera ursinii and Vipera renardi). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 84:85-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Abstract
New collections of Teratoscincus from China and reexamination of type specimens in the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, reveal that T. roborowskii Bedriaga, «1905» (1906), is a valid species. The type locality given by Bedriaga is in error and is here corrected to the Turpan Depression, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China where the species is endemic. Two additional species inhabit China, T. przewalskii (in the Taklimakan Desert, Hami Depression, Junggar Depression, and part of the Gobi Desert of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and adjacent provinces) and T. scincus (in the Ili River Valley of extreme western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region).
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19
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Ananjeva NB, Dujsebayeva TN. SEM Study of Skin Sense Organs in Two <i>Uromastyx</i> Species (Sauria: Agamidae) and <i>Sphenodon punctatus</i> (Rhynchocephalia: Sphenodontidae). RUSS J HERPETOL 2011. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-1997-4-1-46-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
External morphology and distribution of sense organs in the integument of Uromastyx assmussi and U. hardwickii and also of tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus were studied using SEM. Bristless skin organs in both species of Uromastyx and Sphenodon have large diameter (to 160 μm) and are few in the number (0 – 1 per scale) on cephalic and flank body scales. The reduction of sense organ number is discussed with respect of possible significance of this character in agamid system.
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20
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Guo X, Dai X, Chen D, Papenfuss TJ, Ananjeva NB, Melnikov DA, Wang Y. Phylogeny and divergence times of some racerunner lizards (Lacertidae: Eremias) inferred from mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene segments. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 61:400-12. [PMID: 21767655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Eremias, or racerunners, is a widespread lacertid genus occurring in China, Mongolia, Korea, Central Asia, Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe. It has been through a series of taxonomic revisions, but the phylogenetic relationships among the species and subgenera remain unclear. In this study, a frequently studied region of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA was used to (i) reassess the phylogenetic relationships of some Eremias species, (ii) test if the viviparous species form a monophyletic group, and (iii) estimate divergence time among lineages using a Bayesian relaxed molecular-clock approach. The resulting phylogeny supports monophyly of Eremias sensu Szczerbak and a clade comprising Eremias, Acanthodactylus and Latastia. An earlier finding demonstrating monophyly of the subgenus Pareremias is corroborated, with Eremias argus being the sister taxon to Eremias brenchleyi. We present the first evidence that viviparous species form a monophyletic group. In addition, Eremias przewalskii is nested within Eremias multiocellata, suggesting that the latter is likely a paraphyletic species or a species complex. Eremias acutirostris and Eremias persica form a clade that is closely related to the subgenus Pareremias. However, the subgenera Aspidorhinus, Scapteira, and Rhabderemias seem not to be monophyletic, respectively. The Bayesian divergence-time estimation suggests that Eremias originated at about 9.9 million years ago (with the 95% confidence interval ranging from 7.6 to 12 Ma), and diversified from Late Miocene to Pleistocene. Specifically, the divergence time of the subgenus Pareremias was dated to about 6.3 million years ago (with the 95% confidence interval ranging from 5.3 to 8.5 Ma), which suggests that the diversification of this subgenus might be correlated with the evolution of an East Asian monsoon climate triggered by the rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau approximately 8 Ma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianguang Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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21
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Bauer AM, Parham JF, Brown RM, Stuart BL, Grismer L, Papenfuss TJ, Böhme W, Savage JM, Carranza S, Grismer JL, Wagner P, Schmitz A, Ananjeva NB, Inger RF. Availability of new Bayesian-delimited gecko names and the importance of character-based species descriptions. Proc Biol Sci 2011; 278:490-2; discussion 493-5. [PMID: 20961901 PMCID: PMC3025678 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Bauer
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| | - James F. Parham
- Alabama Museum of Natural History, University of Alabama, Box 870340, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Rafe M. Brown
- Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Dyche Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Bryan L. Stuart
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, 11 West Jones Street, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA
| | - Lee Grismer
- Department of Biology, La Sierra University, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, CA 92515, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Böhme
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jay M. Savage
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Salvador Carranza
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesse L. Grismer
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
- Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Dyche Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Philipp Wagner
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmitz
- Department of Herpetology and Ichthyology, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, C.P. 6434, CH-1211, Genèva 6, Switzerland
| | - Natalia B. Ananjeva
- Division of Herpetology and Ornithology, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab.,1, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Robert F. Inger
- Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Hoffmann M, Hilton-Taylor C, Angulo A, Böhm M, Brooks TM, Butchart SHM, Carpenter KE, Chanson J, Collen B, Cox NA, Darwall WRT, Dulvy NK, Harrison LR, Katariya V, Pollock CM, Quader S, Richman NI, Rodrigues ASL, Tognelli MF, Vié JC, Aguiar JM, Allen DJ, Allen GR, Amori G, Ananjeva NB, Andreone F, Andrew P, Aquino Ortiz AL, Baillie JEM, Baldi R, Bell BD, Biju SD, Bird JP, Black-Decima P, Blanc JJ, Bolaños F, Bolivar-G W, Burfield IJ, Burton JA, Capper DR, Castro F, Catullo G, Cavanagh RD, Channing A, Chao NL, Chenery AM, Chiozza F, Clausnitzer V, Collar NJ, Collett LC, Collette BB, Cortez Fernandez CF, Craig MT, Crosby MJ, Cumberlidge N, Cuttelod A, Derocher AE, Diesmos AC, Donaldson JS, Duckworth JW, Dutson G, Dutta SK, Emslie RH, Farjon A, Fowler S, Freyhof J, Garshelis DL, Gerlach J, Gower DJ, Grant TD, Hammerson GA, Harris RB, Heaney LR, Hedges SB, Hero JM, Hughes B, Hussain SA, Icochea M J, Inger RF, Ishii N, Iskandar DT, Jenkins RKB, Kaneko Y, Kottelat M, Kovacs KM, Kuzmin SL, La Marca E, Lamoreux JF, Lau MWN, Lavilla EO, Leus K, Lewison RL, Lichtenstein G, Livingstone SR, Lukoschek V, Mallon DP, McGowan PJK, McIvor A, Moehlman PD, Molur S, Muñoz Alonso A, Musick JA, Nowell K, Nussbaum RA, Olech W, Orlov NL, Papenfuss TJ, Parra-Olea G, Perrin WF, Polidoro BA, Pourkazemi M, Racey PA, Ragle JS, Ram M, Rathbun G, Reynolds RP, Rhodin AGJ, Richards SJ, Rodríguez LO, Ron SR, Rondinini C, Rylands AB, Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Sanciangco JC, Sanders KL, Santos-Barrera G, Schipper J, Self-Sullivan C, Shi Y, Shoemaker A, Short FT, Sillero-Zubiri C, Silvano DL, Smith KG, Smith AT, Snoeks J, Stattersfield AJ, Symes AJ, Taber AB, Talukdar BK, Temple HJ, Timmins R, Tobias JA, Tsytsulina K, Tweddle D, Ubeda C, Valenti SV, van Dijk PP, Veiga LM, Veloso A, Wege DC, Wilkinson M, Williamson EA, Xie F, Young BE, Akçakaya HR, Bennun L, Blackburn TM, Boitani L, Dublin HT, da Fonseca GAB, Gascon C, Lacher TE, Mace GM, Mainka SA, McNeely JA, Mittermeier RA, Reid GM, Rodriguez JP, Rosenberg AA, Samways MJ, Smart J, Stein BA, Stuart SN. The impact of conservation on the status of the world's vertebrates. Science 2010; 330:1503-9. [PMID: 20978281 DOI: 10.1126/science.1194442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Using data for 25,780 species categorized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, we present an assessment of the status of the world's vertebrates. One-fifth of species are classified as Threatened, and we show that this figure is increasing: On average, 52 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians move one category closer to extinction each year. However, this overall pattern conceals the impact of conservation successes, and we show that the rate of deterioration would have been at least one-fifth again as much in the absence of these. Nonetheless, current conservation efforts remain insufficient to offset the main drivers of biodiversity loss in these groups: agricultural expansion, logging, overexploitation, and invasive alien species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hoffmann
- IUCN SSC Species Survival Commission, c/o United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK.
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Melville J, Hale J, Mantziou G, Ananjeva NB, Milto K, Clemann N. Historical biogeography, phylogenetic relationships and intraspecific diversity of agamid lizards in the Central Asian deserts of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2009; 53:99-112. [PMID: 19460448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Central Asian agamid lizards are ecologically and morphologically diverse, occurring across a broad range of desert environments in this biogeographically important region. It is probable that past climatic shifts have significantly influenced the diversification patterns and distributions of the agamid lizards of this region. To assess this within a phylogenetic framework we sequenced a approximately 1200 bp region of mitochondrial DNA and a approximately 1200 bp nuclear gene (RAG-1), incorporating both inter- and intraspecific sampling across Central Asian agamids. Our topology and divergence time estimates support an Eocene origin of the Agaminae subfamily on the Indian subcontinent, coinciding with the collision of India into Eurasia. The onset of aridification in Central Asia during the Late Oligocene, resulting from the retreat of the Paratethys Sea and the intensified uplift of the Tibetan-Himalayan complex, probably played an important role in the diversification of Phrynocephalus, one of the three genera studied. Intensification of aridity and geologic events in the Plio-Pleistocene and Quaternary glacial cycling probably had a significant influence on intraspecific diversification patterns within Phrynocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Melville
- Department of Sciences, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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24
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Macey JR, Kuehl JV, Larson A, Robinson MD, Ugurtas IH, Ananjeva NB, Rahman H, Javed HI, Osman RM, Doumma A, Papenfuss TJ. Socotra Island the forgotten fragment of Gondwana: unmasking chameleon lizard history with complete mitochondrial genomic data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2008; 49:1015-8. [PMID: 18832039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Robert Macey
- Department of Biology, Merritt College, 12500 Campus Drive, Oakland, CA 94619, USA.
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25
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26
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Macey JR, Schulte JA, Strasburg JL, Brisson JA, Larson A, Ananjeva NB, Wang Y, Parham JF, Papenfuss TJ. Assembly of the eastern North American herpetofauna: new evidence from lizards and frogs. Biol Lett 2007; 2:388-92. [PMID: 17148411 PMCID: PMC1686176 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2006.0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Darwin first recognized the importance of episodic intercontinental dispersal in the establishment of worldwide biotic diversity. Faunal exchange across the Bering Land Bridge is a major example of such dispersal. Here, we demonstrate with mitochondrial DNA evidence that three independent dispersal events from Asia to North America are the source for almost all lizard taxa found in continental eastern North America. Two other dispersal events across Beringia account for observed diversity among North American ranid frogs, one of the most species-rich groups of frogs in eastern North America. The contribution of faunal elements from Asia via dispersal across Beringia is a dominant theme in the historical assembly of the eastern North American herpetofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Robert Macey
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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27
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Macey JR, Fong JJ, Kuehl JV, Shafiei S, Ananjeva NB, Papenfuss TJ, Boore JL. The complete mitochondrial genome of a gecko and the phylogenetic position of the Middle Eastern Teratoscincus keyserlingii. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2005; 36:188-93. [PMID: 15904865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Revised: 03/18/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Robert Macey
- Department of Evolutionary Genomics, DOE Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.
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28
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Pang J, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Hoelzel AR, Papenfuss TJ, Zeng X, Ananjeva NB, Zhang YP. A phylogeny of Chinese species in the genus Phrynocephalus (Agamidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2003; 27:398-409. [PMID: 12742745 DOI: 10.1016/s1055-7903(03)00019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the phylogenetic relationships among most Chinese species of lizards in the genus Phrynocephalus (118 individuals collected from 56 populations of 14 well-defined species and several unidentified specimens) using four mitochondrial gene fragments (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, cytochrome b, and ND4-tRNA(LEU)). The partition-homogeneity tests indicated that the combined dataset was homogeneous, and maximum-parsimony (MP), neighbor-joining (NJ), maximum-likelihood (ML) and Bayesian (BI) analyses were performed on this combined dataset (49 haplotypes including outgroups for 2058bp in total). The maximum-parsimony analysis resulted in 24 equally parsimonious trees, and their strict consensus tree shows that there are two major clades representing the Chinese Phrynocephalus species: the viviparous group (Clade A) and the oviparous group (Clade B). The trees derived from Bayesian, ML, and NJ analyses were topologically identical to the MP analysis except for the position of P. mystaceus. All analyses left the nodes for the oviparous group, the most basal clade within the oviparous group, and P. mystaceus unresolved. The phylogenies further suggest that the monophyly of the viviparous species may have resulted from vicariance, while recent dispersal may have been important in generating the pattern of variation among the oviparous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Pang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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Ananjeva NB, Dujsebayeva TN, Joger U. Morphological Study of the Squamate Integument: More Evidence for the Metataxon Status of Leiolepidinae. J HERPETOL 2001. [DOI: 10.2307/1565972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Macey JR, Schulte JA, Larson A, Ananjeva NB, Wang Y, Pethiyagoda R, Rastegar-Pouyani N, Papenfuss TJ. Evaluating trans-tethys migration: an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics. Syst Biol 2000; 49:233-56. [PMID: 12118407 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/49.2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A phylogenetic tree for acrodont lizards (Chamaeleonidae and Agamidae) is established based on 1434 bases (1041 informative) of aligned DNA positions from a 1685-1778 base pair region of the mitochondrial genome. Sequences from three protein-coding genes (ND1, ND2, and COI) are combined with sequences from eight intervening tRNA genes for samples of 70 acrodont taxa and two outgroups. Parsimony analysis of nucleotide sequences identifies eight major clades in the Acrodonta. Most agamid lizards are placed into three distinct clades. One clade is composed of all taxa occurring in Australia and New Guinea; Physignathus cocincinus from Southeast Asia is the sister taxon to the Australia-New Guinea clade. A second clade is composed of taxa occurring from Tibet and the Indian Subcontinent east through South and East Asia. A third clade is composed of taxa occurring from Africa east through Arabia and West Asia to Tibet and the Indian Subcontinent. These three clades contain all agamid lizards except Uromastyx, Leiolepis, and Hydrosaurus, which represent three additional clades of the Agamidae. The Chamaeleonidae forms another clade weakly supported as the sister taxon to the Agamidae. All eight clades of the Acrodonta contain members occurring on land masses derived from Gondwanaland. A hypothesis of agamid lizards rafting with Gondwanan plates is examined statistically. This hypothesis suggests that the African/West Asian clade is of African or Indian origin, and the South Asian clade is either of Indian or Southeast Asian origin. The shortest tree suggests a possible African origin for the former and an Indian origin for the latter, but this result is not statistically robust. The Australia-New Guinea clade rafted with the Australia-New Guinea plate and forms the sister group to a Southeast Asian taxon that occurs on plates that broke from northern Australia-New Guinea. Other acrodont taxa are inferred to be associated with the plates of Afro-Arabia and Madagascar (Chameleonidae), India (Uromastyx), or southeast Asia (Hydrosaurus and Leiolepis). Introduction of different biotic elements to Asia by way of separate Gondwanan plates may be a major theme of Asian biogeography. Three historical events may be responsible for the sharp faunal barrier between Southeast Asia and Australia-New Guinea, known as Wallace's line: (1) primary vicariance caused by plate separations; (2) secondary contact of Southeast Asian plates with Eurasia, leading to dispersal from Eurasia into Southeast Asia, and (3) dispersal of the Indian fauna (after collision of that subcontinent) to Southeast Asia. Acrodont lizards show the first and third of these biogeographic patterns and anguid lizards exhibit the second pattern. Modern faunal diversity may be influenced primarily by historical events such as tectonic collisions and land bridge connections, which are expected to promote episodic turnover of continental faunas by introducing new faunal elements into an area. Repeated tectonic collisions may be one of the most important phenomena promoting continental biodiversity. Phylogenetics is a powerful method for investigating these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Box 1137, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA.
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Macey JR, Ananjeva NB, Wang Y, Papenfuss TJ. Phylogenetic Relationships among Asian Gekkonid Lizards Formerly of the Genus Cyrtodactylus Based on Cladistic Analyses of Allozymic Data: Monophyly of Cyrtopodion and Mediodactylus. J HERPETOL 2000. [DOI: 10.2307/1565422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Macey JR, Schulte JA, Kami HG, Ananjeva NB, Larson A, Papenfuss TJ. Testing hypotheses of vicariance in the agamid lizard Laudakia caucasia from mountain ranges on the northern Iranian Plateau. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2000; 14:479-83. [PMID: 10712852 DOI: 10.1006/mpev.1999.0722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA.
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Macey JR, Wang Y, Ananjeva NB, Larson A, Papenfuss TJ. Vicariant patterns of fragmentation among gekkonid lizards of the genus Teratoscincus produced by the Indian collision: A molecular phylogenetic perspective and an area cladogram for Central Asia. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1999; 12:320-32. [PMID: 10413626 DOI: 10.1006/mpev.1999.0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis is presented for gekkonid lizards of the genus Teratoscincus. Phylogenetic relationships of four of the five species are investigated using 1733 aligned bases of mitochondrial DNA sequence from the genes encoding ND1 (subunit one of NADH dehydrogenase), tRNA(Ile), tRNA(Gln), tRNA(Met), ND2, tRNA(Trp), tRNA(Ala), tRNA(Asn), tRNA(Cys), tRNA(Tyr), and COI (subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase). A single most parsimonious tree depicts T. przewalskii and T. roborowskii as a monophyletic group, with T. scincus as their sister taxon and T. microlepis as the sister taxon to the clade containing the first three species. The aligned sequences contain 341 phylogenetically informative characters. Each node is supported by a bootstrap value of 100% and the shortest suboptimal tree requires 29 additional steps. Allozymic variation is presented for proteins encoded by 19 loci but these data are largely uninformative phylogenetically. Teratoscincus species occur on tectonic plates of Gondwanan origin that were compressed by the impinging Indian Subcontinent, resulting in massive montane uplifting along plate boundaries. Taxa occurring in China (Tarim Block) form a monophyletic group showing vicariant separation from taxa in former Soviet Central Asia and northern Afghanistan (Farah Block); alternative biogeographic hypotheses are statistically rejected. This vicariant event involved the rise of the Tien Shan-Pamir and is well dated to 10 million years before present. Using this date for separation of taxa occurring on opposite sides of the Tien Shan-Pamir, an evolutionary rate of 0.57% divergence per lineage per million years is calculated. This rate is similar to estimates derived from fish, bufonid frogs, and agamid lizards for the same region of the mitochondrial genome ( approximately 0.65% divergence per lineage per million years). Evolutionary divergence of the mitochondrial genome has a surprisingly stable rate across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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Macey JR, Schulte JA, Ananjeva NB, Larson A, Rastegar-Pouyani N, Shammakov SM, Papenfuss TJ. Phylogenetic relationships among Agamid lizards of the Laudakia caucasia species group: testing hypotheses of biogeographic fragmentation and an area cladogram for the Iranian Plateau. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1998; 10:118-31. [PMID: 9751922 DOI: 10.1006/mpev.1997.0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships within the Laudakia caucasia species group on the Iranian Plateau were investigated using 1708 aligned bases of mitochondrial DNA sequence from the genes encoding ND1 (subunit one of NADH dehydrogenase), tRNAGln, tRNAIle, tRNAMet, ND2, tRNATrp, tRNAAla, tRNAAsn, tRNACys, tRNATyr, and COI (subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase). The aligned sequences contain 207 phylogenetically informative characters. Three hypotheses for historical fragmentation of Laudakia populations on the Iranian Plateau were tested. In two hypotheses, fragmentation of populations is suggested to have proceeded along continuous mountain belts that surround the Iranian Plateau. In another hypothesis, fragmentation is suggested to have resulted from a north-south split caused by uplifting of the Zagros Mountains in the late Miocene or early Pliocene [5-10 MYBP (million years before present)]. The shortest tree suggest the later hypothesis, and statistical tests reject the other two hypothesis. The phylogenetic tree is exceptional in that every branch is well supported. Geologic history provides dates for most branches of the tree. A plot of DNA substitutions against dates from geologic history refines the date for the north-south split across the Iranian Plateau to 9 MYBP (late Miocene). The rate of evolution for this segment of mtDNA is 0.65% (0.61-0.70%) change per lineage per million years. A hypothesis of area relationships for the biota of the Iranian Plateau is generated from the phylogenetic tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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Macey JR, Larson A, Ananjeva NB, Papenfuss TJ. Evolutionary shifts in three major structural features of the mitochondrial genome among iguanian lizards. J Mol Evol 1997; 44:660-74. [PMID: 9169559 DOI: 10.1007/pl00006190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A phylogenetic tree for major lineages of iguanian lizards is estimated from 1,488 aligned base positions (858 informative) of newly reported mitochondrial DNA sequences representing coding regions for eight tRNAs, ND2, and portions of ND1 and COI. Two well-supported groups are defined, the Acrodonta and the Iguanidae (sensu lato). This phylogenetic hypothesis is used to investigate evolutionary shifts in mitochondrial gene order, origin for light-strand replication, and secondary structure of tRNACys. These three characters shift together on the branch leading to acrodont lizards. Plate tectonics and the fossil record indicate that these characters changed in the Jurassic. We propose that changes to the secondary structure of tRNACys may destroy function of the origin for light-strand replication which, in turn, may facilitate shifts in gene order.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Box 1137, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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Macey JR, Larson A, Ananjeva NB, Fang Z, Papenfuss TJ. Two novel gene orders and the role of light-strand replication in rearrangement of the vertebrate mitochondrial genome. Mol Biol Evol 1997; 14:91-104. [PMID: 9000757 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Two novel mitochondrial gene arrangements are identified in an agamid lizard and a ranid frog. Statistical tests incorporating phylogeny indicate a link between novel vertebrate mitochondrial gene orders and movement of the origin of light-strand replication. A mechanism involving errors in light-strand replication and tandem duplication of genes is proposed for rearrangement of vertebrate mitochondrial genes. A second mechanism involving small direct repeats also is identified. These mechanisms implicate gene order as a reliable phylogenetic character. Shifts in gene order define major lineages without evidence of parallelism or reversal. The loss of the origin of light-strand replication from its typical vertebrate position evolves in parallel and, therefore, is a less reliable phylogenetic character. Gene junctions also evolve in parallel. Sequencing across multigenic regions, in particular transfer RNA genes, should be a major focus of future systematic studies to locate novel gene orders and to provide a better understanding of the evolution of the vertebrate mitochondrial genome.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- DNA Primers/genetics
- DNA Replication/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- Evolution, Molecular
- Gene Rearrangement
- Genome
- Lizards/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Multigene Family
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Transfer, Asn/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer, Asn/genetics
- RNA, Transfer, Cys/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer, Cys/genetics
- Ranidae/genetics
- Reptiles/genetics
- Vertebrates/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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Macey JR, Larson A, Ananjeva NB, Papenfuss TJ. Replication slippage may cause parallel evolution in the secondary structures of mitochondrial transfer RNAs. Mol Biol Evol 1997; 14:30-9. [PMID: 9000751 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Presence of the dihydrouridine (D) stem in the mitochondrial cysteine tRNA is unusually variable among lepidosaurian reptiles. Phylogenetic and comparative analyses of cysteine tRNA gene sequences identify eight parallel losses of the D-stem, resulting in D-arm replacement loops. Sampling within the monophyletic Acrodonta provides no evidence for reversal. Slipped-strand mispairing of noncontiguous repeated sequences during replication or direct replication slippage can explain repeats observed within cysteine tRNAs that contain a D-arm replacement loop. These two mechanisms involving replication slippage can account for the loss of the cysteine tRNA D-stem in several lepidosaurian lineages, and may represent general mechanisms by which the secondary structures of mitochondrial tRNAs are altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Macey
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia B. Ananjeva
- 1Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, SU-190034 Leningrad, USSR
| | - Rostislav A. Danov
- 2Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, SU-190034 Leningrad, USSR
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