1
|
Cunha FA, Sampaio I, Carneiro J, Vogt RC, Mittermeier RA, Rhodin AG, Andrade MC. A New South American Freshwater Turtle of the Genus Mesoclemmys from the Brazilian Amazon (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae). Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2022. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1524.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio A.G. Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca/PPGEAP, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará/UFPA, Campus Universitário do Guamá, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Cep.: 66.075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil [; andrade
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará/UFPA, Campus Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, Cep.: 68.600-000, Bragança, Pará, Brazil [; ]
| | - Jeferson Carneiro
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará/UFPA, Campus Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, Cep.: 68.600-000, Bragança, Pará, Brazil [; ]
| | - Richard C. Vogt
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade/CBIO, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazônia/INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Cep.: 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Anders G.J. Rhodin
- Chelonian Research Foundation, 564 Chittenden Drive, Arlington, Vermont 05250 USA []
| | - Marcelo C. Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca/PPGEAP, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará/UFPA, Campus Universitário do Guamá, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Cep.: 66.075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil [; andrade
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eppley TM, Reuter KE, Sefczek TM, Tinsman J, Wright PC, Mittermeier RA. Field research stations are key to global conservation targets. Nature 2022; 612:33. [DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-04136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
3
|
Eichler Vercillo U, Gonçalves Morato R, de Almeida Cunha A, de Marco P, Strier KB, Mittermeier RA, Luiz de Andrade Franco J. Action Plans for Species Conservation are an Important Tool to Meet Global and National Biodiversity Targets – a Study Case in Brazil. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
4
|
Reuter KE, Andriantsaralaza S, Hansen MF, LaFleur M, Jerusalinsky L, Louis EE, Ratzimbazafy J, Williamson EA, Mittermeier RA. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Primate Research and Conservation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091214. [PMID: 35565640 PMCID: PMC9099823 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made it harder to effectively protect and manage biodiversity, and this could make it more difficult for countries to show progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Here, we surveyed experts in early 2022 from 30 countries to collect data on the impacts of COVID-19 on non-human primate research and conservation initiatives. Of the 93 experts that responded to our survey, we found that 39% had not been able to visit any of their field sites since March 2020 and only one out of ten had managed to achieve at least 76–100% of their planned primate-related work since March 2020. Six out of ten respondents (61%) felt that primate conservation efforts in protected areas were worse than before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and one-third (33%) felt hunting was happening more frequently than before. This study provides evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on progress towards achieving SDG15 (Life on Land) and provides practical lessons learned for biodiversity conservation efforts moving forward. Abstract There is evidence to suggest that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may hamper our achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Here, we use non-human primates as a case study to examine the impacts of COVID-19 on the ability to achieve biodiversity conservation and management sustainability targets. We collected data through a survey of members of the IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group from January to March 2022. Of the 93 experts that responded to our survey, we found that 39% had not been able to visit any of their field sites since March 2020, 54% said they had less funding available for their primate-related work, and only one out of ten said they had managed to achieve at least 76–100% of their planned primate-related work since March 2020. Six out of ten respondents (61%) felt that primate conservation efforts in protected areas were worse than before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and one-third (33%) felt hunting was happening more frequently than before. This study provides evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on progress towards achieving the SDGs, and provides practical lessons learned for biodiversity conservation efforts moving forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim E. Reuter
- Lemur Love, San Diego, CA 92122, USA
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Malene Friis Hansen
- IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Executive Committee, c/o Re:wild, Austin, TX 78767, USA
- The Long-Tailed Macaque Project, 5000 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0PB, UK
| | - Marni LaFleur
- Lemur Love, San Diego, CA 92122, USA
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Leandro Jerusalinsky
- IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Executive Committee, c/o Re:wild, Austin, TX 78767, USA
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Primatas Brasileiros, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio/CPB), Cabedelo 58010-480, Brazil
| | - Edward E. Louis
- Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE 68107, USA
| | - Jonah Ratzimbazafy
- IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Executive Committee, c/o Re:wild, Austin, TX 78767, USA
- Groupe D’étude et de Recherche Sur Les Primates (GERP), Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Elizabeth A. Williamson
- IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Executive Committee, c/o Re:wild, Austin, TX 78767, USA
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Russell A. Mittermeier
- IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Executive Committee, c/o Re:wild, Austin, TX 78767, USA
- Re:wild, Austin, TX 78767, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marsh CJ, Sica YV, Burgin CJ, Dorman WA, Anderson RC, del Toro Mijares I, Vigneron JG, Barve V, Dombrowik VL, Duong M, Guralnick R, Hart JA, Maypole JK, McCall K, Ranipeta A, Schuerkmann A, Torselli MA, Lacher T, Mittermeier RA, Rylands AB, Sechrest W, Wilson DE, Abba AM, Aguirre LF, Arroyo‐Cabrales J, Astúa D, Baker AM, Braulik G, Braun JK, Brito J, Busher PE, Burneo SF, Camacho MA, Cavallini P, de Almeida Chiquito E, Cook JA, Cserkész T, Csorba G, Cuéllar Soto E, da Cunha Tavares V, Davenport TRB, Deméré T, Denys C, Dickman CR, Eldridge MDB, Fernandez‐Duque E, Francis CM, Frankham G, Franklin WL, Freitas T, Friend JA, Gadsby EL, Garbino GST, Gaubert P, Giannini N, Giarla T, Gilchrist JS, Gongora J, Goodman SM, Gursky‐Doyen S, Hackländer K, Hafner MS, Hawkins M, Helgen KM, Heritage S, Hinckley A, Hintsche S, Holden M, Holekamp KE, Honeycutt RL, Huffman BA, Humle T, Hutterer R, Ibáñez Ulargui C, Jackson SM, Janecka J, Janecka M, Jenkins P, Juškaitis R, Juste J, Kays R, Kilpatrick CW, Kingston T, Koprowski JL, Kryštufek B, Lavery T, Lee TE, Leite YLR, Novaes RLM, Lim BK, Lissovsky A, López‐Antoñanzas R, López‐Baucells A, MacLeod CD, Maisels FG, Mares MA, Marsh H, Mattioli S, Meijaard E, Monadjem A, Morton FB, Musser G, Nadler T, Norris RW, Ojeda A, Ordóñez‐Garza N, Pardiñas UFJ, Patterson BD, Pavan A, Pennay M, Pereira C, Prado J, Queiroz HL, Richardson M, Riley EP, Rossiter SJ, Rubenstein DI, Ruelas D, Salazar‐Bravo J, Schai‐Braun S, Schank CJ, Schwitzer C, Sheeran LK, Shekelle M, Shenbrot G, Soisook P, Solari S, Southgate R, Superina M, Taber AB, Talebi M, Taylor P, Vu Dinh T, Ting N, Tirira DG, Tsang S, Turvey ST, Valdez R, Van Cakenberghe V, Veron G, Wallis J, Wells R, Whittaker D, Williamson EA, Wittemyer G, Woinarski J, Zinner D, Upham NS, Jetz W. Expert range maps of global mammal distributions harmonised to three taxonomic authorities. J Biogeogr 2022; 49:979-992. [PMID: 35506011 PMCID: PMC9060555 DOI: 10.1111/jbi.14330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Comprehensive, global information on species' occurrences is an essential biodiversity variable and central to a range of applications in ecology, evolution, biogeography and conservation. Expert range maps often represent a species' only available distributional information and play an increasing role in conservation assessments and macroecology. We provide global range maps for the native ranges of all extant mammal species harmonised to the taxonomy of the Mammal Diversity Database (MDD) mobilised from two sources, the Handbook of the Mammals of the World (HMW) and the Illustrated Checklist of the Mammals of the World (CMW). LOCATION Global. TAXON All extant mammal species. METHODS Range maps were digitally interpreted, georeferenced, error-checked and subsequently taxonomically aligned between the HMW (6253 species), the CMW (6431 species) and the MDD taxonomies (6362 species). RESULTS Range maps can be evaluated and visualised in an online map browser at Map of Life (mol.org) and accessed for individual or batch download for non-commercial use. MAIN CONCLUSION Expert maps of species' global distributions are limited in their spatial detail and temporal specificity, but form a useful basis for broad-scale characterizations and model-based integration with other data. We provide georeferenced range maps for the native ranges of all extant mammal species as shapefiles, with species-level metadata and source information packaged together in geodatabase format. Across the three taxonomic sources our maps entail, there are 1784 taxonomic name differences compared to the maps currently available on the IUCN Red List website. The expert maps provided here are harmonised to the MDD taxonomic authority and linked to a community of online tools that will enable transparent future updates and version control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles J. Marsh
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Yanina V. Sica
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Connor J. Burgin
- Department of BiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Wendy A. Dorman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Robert C. Anderson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Isabel del Toro Mijares
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Jessica G. Vigneron
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Vijay Barve
- Florida Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Victoria L. Dombrowik
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Michelle Duong
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Robert Guralnick
- Florida Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Julie A. Hart
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- New York Natural Heritage ProgramState University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestryAlbanyNew YorkUSA
| | - J. Krish Maypole
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Kira McCall
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Ajay Ranipeta
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Anna Schuerkmann
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Michael A. Torselli
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Thomas Lacher
- Department of Ecology and Conservation BiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Re:wildAustinTexasUSA
| | | | | | | | - Don E. Wilson
- National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Agustín M. Abba
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE‐UNLP‐CONICET)La Plata, Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Luis F. Aguirre
- Centro de Biodiversidad y GenéticaUniversidad Mayor de San SimónCochabambaBolivia
| | | | - Diego Astúa
- Departamento de ZoologiaUniversidade Federal de PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
| | - Andrew M. Baker
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Biodiversity and Geosciences ProgramQueensland MuseumBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Gill Braulik
- School of BiologyUniversity of St. AndrewsSt. Andrews, FifeUK
| | | | - Jorge Brito
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO)QuitoEcuador
| | - Peter E. Busher
- College of General StudiesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Santiago F. Burneo
- Sección Mastozoología, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesPontificia Universidad Católica del EcuadorQuitoEcuador
| | - M. Alejandra Camacho
- Sección Mastozoología, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesPontificia Universidad Católica del EcuadorQuitoEcuador
| | | | | | - Joseph A. Cook
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of BiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Tamás Cserkész
- Department of ZoologyHungarian Natural History MuseumBudapestHungary
| | - Gábor Csorba
- Department of ZoologyHungarian Natural History MuseumBudapestHungary
| | | | - Valeria da Cunha Tavares
- Vale Technological InstituteBelémParáBrazil
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, CCEN/DSEUniversidade Federal da ParaíbaJoão PessoaPBBrazil
| | - Tim R. B. Davenport
- Species Conservation & Science (Africa)Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)ArushaTanzania
| | | | - Christiane Denys
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB)Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (CNRS)ParisFrance
| | - Christopher R. Dickman
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Mark D. B. Eldridge
- Australian Museum Research InstituteAustralian MuseumSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Eduardo Fernandez‐Duque
- Department of Anthropology and School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Charles M. Francis
- Canadian Wildlife ServiceEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Greta Frankham
- Australian Museum Research InstituteAustralian MuseumSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - William L. Franklin
- Deparment of Natural Resource Ecology and EnvironmentIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Thales Freitas
- Departamento de GenéticaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - J. Anthony Friend
- Department of BiodiversityConservation and AttractionsAlbanyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | | | | | - Philippe Gaubert
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité BiologiqueUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierToulouseFrance
| | - Norberto Giannini
- Unidad Ejecutora LilloCONICET ‐ Fundación Miguel LilloSan Miguel de Tucumán, TucumánArgentina
| | - Thomas Giarla
- Department of BiologySiena CollegeLoudonvilleNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Jaime Gongora
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Steven M. Goodman
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Klaus Hackländer
- Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game ManagementUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesWienAustria
| | - Mark S. Hafner
- Museum of Natural ScienceLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Melissa Hawkins
- National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Kristofer M. Helgen
- Australian Museum Research InstituteAustralian MuseumSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Steven Heritage
- Duke Lemur Center, Museum of Natural HistoryDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | | | - Mary Holden
- Department of MammalogyAmerican Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kay E. Holekamp
- Department of Integrative BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | | | | | - Tatyana Humle
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and EcologySchool of Anthropology and Conservation, University of KentCanterburyUK
| | | | | | | | - Jan Janecka
- Department of Biological SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Mary Janecka
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Paula Jenkins
- Mammal Group, Vertebrates DivisionDepartment of Life Sciences, The Natural History MuseumLondonUK
| | | | | | - Roland Kays
- North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Tigga Kingston
- Department of Biological SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexasUSA
| | | | | | - Tyrone Lavery
- Fenner School of Environment and SocietyThe Australian National UniversityActonAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Thomas E. Lee
- Department of BiologyAbilene Christian UniversityAbileneTexasUSA
| | - Yuri L. R. Leite
- Departamento de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoVitóriaEspiríto SantoBrazil
| | | | - Burton K. Lim
- Department of Natural HistoryRoyal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | - Raquel López‐Antoñanzas
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier (ISE‐M, UMR 5554, UM/CNRS/IRD/EPHE)MontpellierFrance
| | | | | | - Fiona G. Maisels
- Wildlife Conservation SocietyGlobal Conservation ProgramNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of StirlingStirlingUK
| | | | - Helene Marsh
- Division of Tropical Environments and SocietiesCentre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - Stefano Mattioli
- Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology and Wildlife Management, Department of Life SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Erik Meijaard
- Borneo FuturesBandar Seri BegawanBABrunei Darussalam
| | - Ara Monadjem
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of EswatiniKwaluseniEswatini
- Department of Zoology & Entomology, Mammal Research InstituteUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | | | - Grace Musser
- Jackson School of GeosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Tilo Nadler
- Cuc Phuong CommuneNho Quan DistrictNinh BInh, ProvinceVietnam
| | - Ryan W. Norris
- Evolution, Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityLimaOhioUSA
| | - Agustina Ojeda
- Instituto Argentino de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA)‐CCT Mendoza‐CONICETMendozaArgentina
| | | | | | - Bruce D. Patterson
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ana Pavan
- Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Michael Pennay
- NSW National Parks and Wildlife ServiceQueanbeyanNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | | | - Helder L. Queiroz
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá – IDSMTeféAmazonasBrazil
| | | | - Erin P. Riley
- Department of AnthropologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stephen J. Rossiter
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Daniel I. Rubenstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Dennisse Ruelas
- Museo de Historia NaturalUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, LimaLimaPeru
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (ISEM, UMR 5554 CNRS‐IRD‐UM)Université de MontpellierMontpellier Cedex 5France
| | | | - Stéphanie Schai‐Braun
- Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game ManagementUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Cody J. Schank
- Re:wildAustinTexasUSA
- Department of Geography and the EnvironmentThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | | | - Lori K. Sheeran
- Department of Anthropology and Museum StudiesCentral Washington UniversityEllensburgWAUSA
| | - Myron Shekelle
- Department of AnthropologyWestern Washington UniversityBellinghamWAUSA
| | - Georgy Shenbrot
- Mitrani Department of Desert EcologyJacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen‐Gurion University of the NegevMidreshet Ben‐GurionIsrael
| | - Pipat Soisook
- Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History MuseumPrince of Songkhla UniversityHatyai, SongkhlaThailand
| | - Sergio Solari
- Instituto de BiologíaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
| | | | - Mariella Superina
- IMBECU, CCT CONICET Mendoza – UNCuyoParque Gral. San MartínMendozaArgentina
| | - Andrew B. Taber
- Forestry DivisionFood and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsRomeItaly
| | - Maurício Talebi
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da NaturezaDeptartamento de Ciências AmbientaisUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) ‐ Campus Diadema, DiademaSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Thong Vu Dinh
- Institute of Ecology and Biological ResourcesVietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoiVietnam
| | - Nelson Ting
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of OregonEugeneOregonUSA
| | | | - Susan Tsang
- Department of MammalogyAmerican Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Raul Valdez
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation EcologyNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA
| | - Victor Van Cakenberghe
- Laboratory for Functional Morphology, Biology DepartmentUniversity of Antwerp, Campus Drie EikenAntwerpen (Wilrijk)Belgium
| | - Geraldine Veron
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRSSorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des AntillesParisFrance
| | | | - Rod Wells
- Biological Sciences, College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversityAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Danielle Whittaker
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in ActionMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | | | - George Wittemyer
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - John Woinarski
- Research Institute for the Environment and LivelihoodsCharles Darwin UniversityCasuarinaNorthern TerritoryAustralia
| | - Dietmar Zinner
- German Primate Center (DPZ)Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGöttingenGermany
| | - Nathan S. Upham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- School of Life SciencesArizona State UniversityTempeArizonaUSA
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global ChangeYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strier KB, Melo FR, Mendes SL, Valença-Montenegro MM, Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA, Jerusalinsky L. Science, Policy, and Conservation Management for a Critically Endangered Primate in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Front Conserv Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.734183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-standing concerns about the status of the world's endangered primates have stimulated significant international efforts, such as the primate action plans published by the Primate Specialist Group of the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Species Survival Commission. However, national-level action plans that bring together diverse scientific experts, non-governmental organizations, and governmental agencies to focus on improving the status of endangered species are generally rare. Here, we highlight one such plan published a decade ago, the Brazilian National Action Plan for the Conservation of Muriquis, which promoted the integration of scientific findings about the behavioral ecology, demography, and genetics of northern muriquis with conservation measures supported by the Brazilian government. This plan provided a holistic framework for the development of an effective national strategy that has contributed to significant advances in research and management applied to the conservation of this Critically Endangered species. We hope that this model for muriquis will stimulate conservationists around the world to pursue integrative national-level sponsorship of action plans on behalf of other endangered species.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wiedenfeld DA, Alberts AC, Angulo A, Bennett EL, Byers O, Contreras‐MacBeath T, Drummond G, da Fonseca GAB, Gascon C, Harrison I, Heard N, Hochkirch A, Konstant W, Langhammer PF, Langrand O, Launay F, Lebbin DJ, Lieberman S, Long B, Lu Z, Maunder M, Mittermeier RA, Molur S, Khalifa al Mubarak R, Parr MJ, Ratsimbazafy J, Rhodin AGJ, Rylands AB, Sanderson J, Sechrest W, Soorae P, Supriatna J, Upgren A, Vié J, Zhang L. Conservation resource allocation, small population resiliency, and the fallacy of conservation triage. Conserv Biol 2021; 35:1388-1395. [PMID: 33484006 PMCID: PMC8518633 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Some conservation prioritization methods are based on the assumption that conservation needs overwhelm current resources and not all species can be conserved; therefore, a conservation triage scheme (i.e., when the system is overwhelmed, species should be divided into three groups based on likelihood of survival, and efforts should be focused on those species in the group with the best survival prospects and reduced or denied to those in the group with no survival prospects and to those in the group not needing special efforts for their conservation) is necessary to guide resource allocation. We argue that this decision-making strategy is not appropriate because resources are not as limited as often assumed, and it is not evident that there are species that cannot be conserved. Small population size alone, for example, does not doom a species to extinction; plants, reptiles, birds, and mammals offer examples. Although resources dedicated to conserving all threatened species are insufficient at present, the world's economic resources are vast, and greater resources could be dedicated toward species conservation. The political framework for species conservation has improved, with initiatives such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and other international agreements, funding mechanisms such as The Global Environment Facility, and the rise of many nongovernmental organizations with nimble, rapid-response small grants programs. For a prioritization system to allow no extinctions, zero extinctions must be an explicit goal of the system. Extinction is not inevitable, and should not be acceptable. A goal of no human-induced extinctions is imperative given the irreversibility of species loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ariadne Angulo
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group3701 Lake Shore Blvd. W, P.O. Box 48586TorontoONM8W 1P5Canada
| | | | - Onnie Byers
- IUCN SSC Conservation Planning Specialist Group12101 Johnny Cake Ridge RoadApple ValleyMN55124U.S.A.
| | - Topiltzin Contreras‐MacBeath
- Centro de Investigaciones BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAvenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico
| | - Gláucia Drummond
- Fundação BiodiversitasAvenida Celso Porfírio Machado No. 1813, BelvedereBelo HorizonteMG30320–400Brazil
| | | | - Claude Gascon
- The Global Environment Facility1818 H Street NW Rm N8‐800WashingtonDC20433U.S.A.
| | - Ian Harrison
- Conservation InternationalArlingtonVA22202U.S.A.
| | - Nicolas Heard
- Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation FundP.O. Box 13112Abu DhabiUAE
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography and IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservation CommitteeTrier UniversityTrier54286Germany
| | - William Konstant
- Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation403 Poplar RoadFlourtownPA19031U.S.A.
| | | | | | - Frederic Launay
- Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation FundP.O. Box 13112Abu DhabiUAE
- PantheraNew YorkNY10018U.S.A.
| | | | - Susan Lieberman
- Wildlife Conservation Society2300 Southern Blvd.BronxNY10460U.S.A.
| | - Barney Long
- Global Wildlife ConservationAustinTX78704U.S.A.
| | - Zhi Lu
- Center for Nature and Society, School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Michael Maunder
- Center for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenryn CampusCornwallTR10 9FEU.K.
| | | | - Sanjay Molur
- Zoo Outreach Organization12 Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti – Kalapatti Road, SaravanampattiCoimbatoreTamil Nadu641 035India
| | - Razan Khalifa al Mubarak
- Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation FundP.O. Box 13112Abu DhabiUAE
- Environment Agency ‐ Abu DhabiP.O. Box 45553Abu DhabiUAE
| | | | - Jonah Ratsimbazafy
- Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Primates de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
| | | | | | | | | | - Pritpal Soorae
- Environment Agency ‐ Abu DhabiP.O. Box 45553Abu DhabiUAE
| | - Jatna Supriatna
- Department of BiologyFMIPA, University of IndonesiaDepok16421Indonesia
| | - Amy Upgren
- American Bird ConservancyThe PlainsVA20198U.S.A.
| | | | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Ministry of EducationInstitute of EcologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rhodin AG, Seminoff JA, Mittermeier RA, Goode EV. Honoring the Legacy of Peter C.H. Pritchard. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2020. [DOI: 10.2744/1071-8443.19.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heather Keith
- Griffith Climate Change Response Program, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brendan Mackey
- Griffith Climate Change Response Program, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
| | - Virginia Young
- International Climate and Forest Programme, part of the Australian Rainforest Conservation Society, Bardon, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Acerbi A, Kerhoas D, Webber AD, McCabe G, Mittermeier RA, Schwitzer C. The impact of the “World's 25 Most Endangered Primates” list on scientific publications and media. J Nat Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Stallings JR, Mittermeier RA. The black-tailed marmoset (Callithrix argentata melanura) recorded from paraguay. Am J Primatol 2020; 4:159-163. [PMID: 31991957 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1350040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/1982] [Revised: 12/02/1982] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The black-tailed marmoset (Callithrix argentata melanura) occurs in central-western Brazil and adjacent parts of Bolivia, and is the only member of the genus (Callithrix) to occur naturally outside Brazil. Data presented in this paper extend the range of this marmoset at least 200 km to the southwest into yet another country, Paraguay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Russell A Mittermeier
- World Wildlife Fund US, Washington, DC, and Department of Anatomical Sciences, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jones JPG, Ratsimbazafy J, Ratsifandrihamanana AN, Watson JEM, Andrianandrasana HT, Cabeza M, Cinner JE, Goodman SM, Hawkins F, Mittermeier RA, Rabearisoa AL, Rakotonarivo OS, Razafimanahaka JH, Razafimpahanana AR, Wilmé L, Wright PC. Madagascar: Crime threatens biodiversity. Science 2019; 363:825. [PMID: 30792294 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw6402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia P G Jones
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK.
| | - Jonah Ratsimbazafy
- Department of Anthropology and Durable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - James E M Watson
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | | | - Mar Cabeza
- Global Change and Conservation Lab, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joshua E Cinner
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD 4814, Australia
| | | | - Frank Hawkins
- IUCN North America Office, Washington, DC 20009, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rhodin AG, Stanford CB, Dijk PPV, Eisemberg C, Luiselli L, Mittermeier RA, Hudson R, Horne BD, Goode EV, Kuchling G, Walde A, Baard EH, Berry KH, Bertolero A, Blanck TE, Bour R, Buhlmann KA, Cayot LJ, Collett S, Currylow A, Das I, Diagne T, Ennen JR, Forero-Medina G, Frankel MG, Fritz U, García G, Gibbons JW, Gibbons PM, Shiping G, Guntoro J, Hofmeyr MD, Iverson JB, Kiester AR, Lau M, Lawson DP, Lovich JE, Moll EO, Páez VP, Palomo-Ramos R, Platt K, Platt SG, Pritchard PC, Quinn HR, Rahman SC, Randrianjafizanaka ST, Schaffer J, Selman W, Shaffer HB, Sharma DS, Haitao S, Singh S, Spencer R, Stannard K, Sutcliffe S, Thomson S, Vogt RC. Global Conservation Status of Turtles and Tortoises (Order Testudines). Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2018. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1348.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla Eisemberg
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia [; sydney
| | - Luca Luiselli
- Institute for Development Ecology Conservation and Cooperation, Rome, Italy [
| | | | - Rick Hudson
- Turtle Survival Alliance, Charleston, South Carolina USA [; awalde@turtles
| | - Brian D. Horne
- Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, New York USA [; ]
| | - Eric V. Goode
- Turtle Conservancy, New York, New York USA [; ross@ turtleconservancy.org]
| | - Gerald Kuchling
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia []
| | - Andrew Walde
- Turtle Survival Alliance, Charleston, South Carolina USA [; awalde@turtles
| | | | - Kristin H. Berry
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Riverside, California USA [kristin_berry
| | | | | | - Roger Bour
- Laboratoire des Reptiles et Amphibiens, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France [bour.ro
| | - Kurt A. Buhlmann
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina USA [kbuhlmann@earth
| | | | - Sydney Collett
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia [; sydney
| | - Andrea Currylow
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA [;
| | - Indraneil Das
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia []
| | - Tomas Diagne
- African Chelonian Institute, Ngaparou, Senegal [fondsdev@ yahoo.fr]
| | - Joshua R. Ennen
- Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute, Chattanooga, Tennessee USA []
| | | | | | - Uwe Fritz
- Museum für Tierkunde, Senckenberg Dresden, Germany []
| | - Gerardo García
- Chester Zoo, Upton by Chester, Chester, United Kingdom []
| | - J. Whitfield Gibbons
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina USA [kbuhlmann@earth
| | | | - Gong Shiping
- Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, China []
| | - Joko Guntoro
- Satucita Foundation, Aceh, Indonesia [jokoguntoro@ gmail.com]
| | | | | | - A. Ross Kiester
- Turtle Conservancy, New York, New York USA [; ross@ turtleconservancy.org]
| | - Michael Lau
- Hong Kong Wetlands Conservation Association, Hong Kong, China []
| | - Dwight P. Lawson
- Oklahoma City Zoo and Botanical Garden, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma USA []
| | - Jeffrey E. Lovich
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, Arizona USA [jeffrey_lovich@
| | | | | | | | | | - Steven G. Platt
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Yangon, Myanmar [sgplatt@gmail. com]
| | | | - Hugh R. Quinn
- Turtle Conservation Fund, Kirksville, Missouri USA []
| | | | | | - Jason Schaffer
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia []
| | - Will Selman
- Millsaps College, Jackson, Mississippi USA []
| | - H. Bradley Shaffer
- La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Californ
| | | | - Shi Haitao
- Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China [haitao-shi@263. net]
| | | | - Ricky Spencer
- Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia []
| | - Kahleana Stannard
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia [; sydney
| | - Sarah Sutcliffe
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia [; sydney
| | - Scott Thomson
- Chelonian Research Institute, Oviedo, Florida USA []
| | - Richard C. Vogt
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil []
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Estrada A, Garber PA, Mittermeier RA, Wich S, Gouveia S, Dobrovolski R, Nekaris K, Nijman V, Rylands AB, Maisels F, Williamson EA, Bicca-Marques J, Fuentes A, Jerusalinsky L, Johnson S, Rodrigues de Melo F, Oliveira L, Schwitzer C, Roos C, Cheyne SM, Martins Kierulff MC, Raharivololona B, Talebi M, Ratsimbazafy J, Supriatna J, Boonratana R, Wedana M, Setiawan A. Primates in peril: the significance of Brazil, Madagascar, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo for global primate conservation. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4869. [PMID: 29922508 PMCID: PMC6005167 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primates occur in 90 countries, but four-Brazil, Madagascar, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)-harbor 65% of the world's primate species (439) and 60% of these primates are Threatened, Endangered, or Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017-3). Considering their importance for global primate conservation, we examine the anthropogenic pressures each country is facing that place their primate populations at risk. Habitat loss and fragmentation are main threats to primates in Brazil, Madagascar, and Indonesia. However, in DRC hunting for the commercial bushmeat trade is the primary threat. Encroachment on primate habitats driven by local and global market demands for food and non-food commodities hunting, illegal trade, the proliferation of invasive species, and human and domestic-animal borne infectious diseases cause habitat loss, population declines, and extirpation. Modeling agricultural expansion in the 21st century for the four countries under a worst-case-scenario, showed a primate range contraction of 78% for Brazil, 72% for Indonesia, 62% for Madagascar, and 32% for DRC. These pressures unfold in the context of expanding human populations with low levels of development. Weak governance across these four countries may limit effective primate conservation planning. We examine landscape and local approaches to effective primate conservation policies and assess the distribution of protected areas and primates in each country. Primates in Brazil and Madagascar have 38% of their range inside protected areas, 17% in Indonesia and 14% in DRC, suggesting that the great majority of primate populations remain vulnerable. We list the key challenges faced by the four countries to avert primate extinctions now and in the future. In the short term, effective law enforcement to stop illegal hunting and illegal forest destruction is absolutely key. Long-term success can only be achieved by focusing local and global public awareness, and actively engaging with international organizations, multinational businesses and consumer nations to reduce unsustainable demands on the environment. Finally, the four primate range countries need to ensure that integrated, sustainable land-use planning for economic development includes the maintenance of biodiversity and intact, functional natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Estrada
- Institute of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul A. Garber
- Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Serge Wich
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology and Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Liverpool John Moores University and University of Amsterdam, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sidney Gouveia
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | | | - K.A.I. Nekaris
- Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Vincent Nijman
- Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Fiona Maisels
- Global Conservation Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, NY, USA
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - Agustin Fuentes
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Leandro Jerusalinsky
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Steig Johnson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo
- Universidade Federal de Goiás and Dept. Eng. Florestal, Campus UFV, UFV, Viçosa, Brazil, Jataí Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (DCIEN/FFP/UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Christian Roos
- Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susan M. Cheyne
- Borneo Nature Foundation, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Cecilia Martins Kierulff
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Instituto Pri-Matas and Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Brigitte Raharivololona
- Mention Anthropobiologie et Développement Durable, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Mauricio Talebi
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonah Ratsimbazafy
- Groupe d’étude et de recherche sur les primates (Gerp), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jatna Supriatna
- Graduate Program in Conservation Biology, Department of Biology FMIPA, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Ramesh Boonratana
- Mahidol University International College, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Made Wedana
- The Aspinall Foundation–Indonesia Program, Bandung West Java, Indonesia
| | - Arif Setiawan
- SwaraOwa, Coffee and Primate Conservation Project, Java, Central Java, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lei R, Frasier CL, Hawkins MTR, Engberg SE, Bailey CA, Johnson SE, McLain AT, Groves CP, Perry GH, Nash SD, Mittermeier RA, Louis EE. Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Sportive Lemurs (genus Lepilemur) Recovered from Mitogenomes with Inferences for Madagascar Biogeography. J Hered 2018; 108:107-119. [PMID: 28173059 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esw072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Lepilemuridae includes 26 species of sportive lemurs, most of which were recently described. The cryptic morphological differences confounded taxonomy until recent molecular studies; however, some species’ boundaries remain uncertain. To better understand the genus Lepilemur, we analyzed 35 complete mitochondrial genomes representing all recognized 26 sportive lemur taxa and estimated divergence dates. With our dataset we recovered 25 reciprocally monophyletic lineages, as well as an admixed clade containing Lepilemur mittermeieri and Lepilemur dorsalis. Using modern distribution data, an ancestral area reconstruction and an ecological vicariance analysis were performed to trace the history of diversification and to test biogeographic hypotheses. We estimated the initial split between the eastern and western Lepilemur clades to have occurred in the Miocene. Divergence of most species occurred from the Pliocene to the Pleistocene. The biogeographic patterns recovered in this study were better addressed with a combinatorial approach including climate, watersheds, and rivers. Generally, current climate and watershed hypotheses performed better for western and eastern clades, while speciation of northern clades was not adequately supported using the ecological factors incorporated in this study. Thus, multiple mechanisms likely contributed to the speciation and distribution patterns in Lepilemur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runhua Lei
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Cynthia L Frasier
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Melissa T R Hawkins
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shannon E Engberg
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Carolyn A Bailey
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Steig E Johnson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Adam T McLain
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Colin P Groves
- School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - George H Perry
- Departments of Anthropology and Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Edward E Louis
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jones HP, Campbell KJ, Burke AM, Baxter GS, Hanson CC, Mittermeier RA. Introduced non-hominid primates impact biodiversity and livelihoods: management priorities. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Boubli JP, da Silva MN, Rylands AB, Nash SD, Bertuol F, Nunes M, Mittermeier RA, Byrne H, Silva FE, Röhe F, Sampaio I, Schneider H, Farias IP, Hrbek T. How many pygmy marmoset (Cebuella Gray, 1870) species are there? A taxonomic re-appraisal based on new molecular evidence. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 120:170-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
Estrada A, Garber PA, Rylands AB, Roos C, Fernandez-Duque E, Di Fiore A, Nekaris KAI, Nijman V, Heymann EW, Lambert JE, Rovero F, Barelli C, Setchell JM, Gillespie TR, Mittermeier RA, Arregoitia LV, de Guinea M, Gouveia S, Dobrovolski R, Shanee S, Shanee N, Boyle SA, Fuentes A, MacKinnon KC, Amato KR, Meyer ALS, Wich S, Sussman RW, Pan R, Kone I, Li B. Impending extinction crisis of the world's primates: Why primates matter. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1600946. [PMID: 28116351 PMCID: PMC5242557 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 572] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates, our closest biological relatives, play important roles in the livelihoods, cultures, and religions of many societies and offer unique insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and the threat of emerging diseases. They are an essential component of tropical biodiversity, contributing to forest regeneration and ecosystem health. Current information shows the existence of 504 species in 79 genera distributed in the Neotropics, mainland Africa, Madagascar, and Asia. Alarmingly, ~60% of primate species are now threatened with extinction and ~75% have declining populations. This situation is the result of escalating anthropogenic pressures on primates and their habitats-mainly global and local market demands, leading to extensive habitat loss through the expansion of industrial agriculture, large-scale cattle ranching, logging, oil and gas drilling, mining, dam building, and the construction of new road networks in primate range regions. Other important drivers are increased bushmeat hunting and the illegal trade of primates as pets and primate body parts, along with emerging threats, such as climate change and anthroponotic diseases. Often, these pressures act in synergy, exacerbating primate population declines. Given that primate range regions overlap extensively with a large, and rapidly growing, human population characterized by high levels of poverty, global attention is needed immediately to reverse the looming risk of primate extinctions and to attend to local human needs in sustainable ways. Raising global scientific and public awareness of the plight of the world's primates and the costs of their loss to ecosystem health and human society is imperative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Estrada
- Institute of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul A. Garber
- Department of Anthropology, Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Anthony B. Rylands
- Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - Christian Roos
- Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Anthony Di Fiore
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78705, USA
| | | | - Vincent Nijman
- Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, U.K
| | - Eckhard W. Heymann
- Abteilung Verhaltensökologie und Soziobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joanna E. Lambert
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1350 Pleasant Street UCB 233, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Francesco Rovero
- Tropical Biodiversity Section, MUSE—Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Claudia Barelli
- Tropical Biodiversity Section, MUSE—Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Joanna M. Setchell
- Department of Anthropology, and Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Research Centre, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Thomas R. Gillespie
- Departments of Environmental Sciences and Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Math and Science Center, Suite E510, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | - Miguel de Guinea
- Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, U.K
| | - Sidney Gouveia
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dobrovolski
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-290, Brazil
| | - Sam Shanee
- Neotropical Primate Conservation, 23 Portland Road, Manchester M32 0PH, U.K
- Asociación Neotropical Primate Conservation Perú, 1187 Avenida Belaunde, La Esperanza, Yambrasbamba, Bongará, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Noga Shanee
- Neotropical Primate Conservation, 23 Portland Road, Manchester M32 0PH, U.K
- Asociación Neotropical Primate Conservation Perú, 1187 Avenida Belaunde, La Esperanza, Yambrasbamba, Bongará, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Sarah A. Boyle
- Department of Biology, Rhodes College, 2000 North Parkway, Memphis, TN 38112, USA
| | - Agustin Fuentes
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Katherine C. MacKinnon
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Katherine R. Amato
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Avenue, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Andreas L. S. Meyer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19020, Curitiba, PR 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Serge Wich
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert W. Sussman
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ruliang Pan
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia (M309), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Inza Kone
- Centre Suisse des Recherches Scientifiques, Université de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Baoguo Li
- Xi’an Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Byrne H, Rylands AB, Carneiro JC, Alfaro JWL, Bertuol F, da Silva MNF, Messias M, Groves CP, Mittermeier RA, Farias I, Hrbek T, Schneider H, Sampaio I, Boubli JP. Phylogenetic relationships of the New World titi monkeys (Callicebus): first appraisal of taxonomy based on molecular evidence. Front Zool 2016; 13:10. [PMID: 26937245 PMCID: PMC4774130 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Titi monkeys, Callicebus, comprise the most species-rich primate genus—34 species are currently recognised, five of them described since 2005. The lack of molecular data for titi monkeys has meant that little is known of their phylogenetic relationships and divergence times. To clarify their evolutionary history, we assembled a large molecular dataset by sequencing 20 nuclear and two mitochondrial loci for 15 species, including representatives from all recognised species groups. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using concatenated maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses, allowing us to evaluate the current taxonomic hypothesis for the genus. Results Our results show four distinct Callicebus clades, for the most part concordant with the currently recognised morphological species-groups—the torquatus group, the personatus group, the donacophilus group, and the moloch group. The cupreus and moloch groups are not monophyletic, and all species of the formerly recognized cupreus group are reassigned to the moloch group. Two of the major divergence events are dated to the Miocene. The torquatus group, the oldest radiation, diverged c. 11 Ma; and the Atlantic forest personatus group split from the ancestor of all donacophilus and moloch species at 9–8 Ma. There is little molecular evidence for the separation of Callicebus caligatus and C. dubius, and we suggest that C. dubius should be considered a junior synonym of a polymorphic C. caligatus. Conclusions Considering molecular, morphological and biogeographic evidence, we propose a new genus level taxonomy for titi monkeys: Cheracebus n. gen. in the Orinoco, Negro and upper Amazon basins (torquatus group), Callicebus Thomas, 1903, in the Atlantic Forest (personatus group), and Plecturocebus n. gen. in the Amazon basin and Chaco region (donacophilus and moloch groups). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-016-0142-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Byrne
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Room 315, Peel Building, Salford, UK
| | | | - Jeferson C Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Bragança, Pará Brazil
| | - Jessica W Lynch Alfaro
- Department of Anthropology, Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Fabricio Bertuol
- Evolution and Animal Genetics Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Maria N F da Silva
- Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | | | - Colin P Groves
- School of Archaeology & Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Izeni Farias
- Evolution and Animal Genetics Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Evolution and Animal Genetics Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Bragança, Pará Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Bragança, Pará Brazil
| | - Jean P Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Room 315, Peel Building, Salford, UK ; Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rylands AB, Heymann EW, Lynch Alfaro J, Buckner JC, Roos C, Matauschek C, Boubli JP, Sampaio R, Mittermeier RA. Taxonomic review of the New World tamarins (Primates: Callitrichidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eckhard W. Heymann
- Department of Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology; German Primate Center; Leibniz Institute for Primate Research; Göttingen Germany
| | - Jessica Lynch Alfaro
- Institute for Society and Genetics and Department of Anthropology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Janet C. Buckner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Christian Roos
- Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory; German Primate Center; Leibniz Institute for Primate Research; Göttingen Germany
| | - Christian Matauschek
- Department of Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology; German Primate Center; Leibniz Institute for Primate Research; Göttingen Germany
| | - Jean P. Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences; University of Salford; Manchester UK
| | - Ricardo Sampaio
- National Research Center for Carnivore Conservation (CENAP/ICMBio); Atibaia SP Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lei R, McLain AT, Frasier CL, Taylor JM, Bailey CA, Engberg SE, Ginter AL, Nash SD, Randriamampionona R, Groves CP, Mittermeier RA, Louis EE. A New Species in the GenusCheirogaleus(Cheirogaleidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1896/052.029.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
22
|
Kormos CF, Bertzky B, Jaeger T, Shi Y, Badman T, Hilty JA, Mackey BG, Mittermeier RA, Locke H, Osipova E, Watson JE. A Wilderness Approach under the World Heritage Convention. Conserv Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril F. Kormos
- The WILD Foundation; P.O. Box 9451 Berkeley CA 94709 USA
- International Union for Conservation of Nature; World Commission on Protected Areas
| | - Bastian Bertzky
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC); Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES); Via Enrico Fermi 2749 21027 Ispra VA Italy
- International Union for Conservation of Nature; Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland Switzerland
| | - Tilman Jaeger
- Independent Consultant and Adviser to the IUCN World Heritage Programme; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Yichuan Shi
- International Union for Conservation of Nature; Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland Switzerland
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC); 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 0DL UK
| | - Tim Badman
- International Union for Conservation of Nature; Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland Switzerland
| | - Jodi A. Hilty
- Independent Ecologist; 1447 Ash Dr. Bozeman MT 59715 USA
| | - Brendan G. Mackey
- Griffith Climate Change Response Program; Griffith University; Parklands Drive Southport QLD 4215 Australia
| | | | - Harvey Locke
- Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative; Box 4887 Banff T1L 1G1 Alberta Canada
| | - Elena Osipova
- International Union for Conservation of Nature; Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland Switzerland
| | - James E.M. Watson
- Wildlife Conservation Society; Global Conservation Program; Bronx NY 10460 USA
- School of Geography; Planning and Environmental Management; University of Queensland; St. Lucia QLD 4222 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Goettsch B, Hilton-Taylor C, Cruz-Piñón G, Duffy JP, Frances A, Hernández HM, Inger R, Pollock C, Schipper J, Superina M, Taylor NP, Tognelli M, Abba AM, Arias S, Arreola-Nava HJ, Baker MA, Bárcenas RT, Barrios D, Braun P, Butterworth CA, Búrquez A, Caceres F, Chazaro-Basañez M, Corral-Díaz R, Del Valle Perea M, Demaio PH, Duarte de Barros WA, Durán R, Yancas LF, Felger RS, Fitz-Maurice B, Fitz-Maurice WA, Gann G, Gómez-Hinostrosa C, Gonzales-Torres LR, Patrick Griffith M, Guerrero PC, Hammel B, Heil KD, Hernández-Oria JG, Hoffmann M, Ishihara MI, Kiesling R, Larocca J, León-de la Luz JL, Loaiza S CR, Lowry M, Machado MC, Majure LC, Ávalos JGM, Martorell C, Maschinski J, Méndez E, Mittermeier RA, Nassar JM, Negrón-Ortiz V, Oakley LJ, Ortega-Baes P, Ferreira ABP, Pinkava DJ, Porter JM, Puente-Martinez R, Gamarra JR, Pérez PS, Martínez ES, Smith M, Manuel Sotomayor M Del C J, Stuart SN, Muñoz JLT, Terrazas T, Terry M, Trevisson M, Valverde T, Van Devender TR, Véliz-Pérez ME, Walter HE, Wyatt SA, Zappi D, Alejandro Zavala-Hurtado J, Gaston KJ. High proportion of cactus species threatened with extinction. Nat Plants 2015; 1:15142. [PMID: 27251394 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A high proportion of plant species is predicted to be threatened with extinction in the near future. However, the threat status of only a small number has been evaluated compared with key animal groups, rendering the magnitude and nature of the risks plants face unclear. Here we report the results of a global species assessment for the largest plant taxon evaluated to date under the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List Categories and Criteria, the iconic Cactaceae (cacti). We show that cacti are among the most threatened taxonomic groups assessed to date, with 31% of the 1,478 evaluated species threatened, demonstrating the high anthropogenic pressures on biodiversity in arid lands. The distribution of threatened species and the predominant threatening processes and drivers are different to those described for other taxa. The most significant threat processes comprise land conversion to agriculture and aquaculture, collection as biological resources, and residential and commercial development. The dominant drivers of extinction risk are the unscrupulous collection of live plants and seeds for horticultural trade and private ornamental collections, smallholder livestock ranching and smallholder annual agriculture. Our findings demonstrate that global species assessments are readily achievable for major groups of plants with relatively moderate resources, and highlight different conservation priorities and actions to those derived from species assessments of key animal groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Goettsch
- International Union for Conservation of Nature, Global Species Programme, Sheraton House, Castle Park, Cambridge CB3 0AX, UK
| | - Craig Hilton-Taylor
- International Union for Conservation of Nature, Global Species Programme, Sheraton House, Castle Park, Cambridge CB3 0AX, UK
| | - Gabriela Cruz-Piñón
- Departamento Académico de Biología Marina Carretera al Sur Km 5.5, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Col. El Mezquitito, La Paz, BCS C.P. 23080, Mexico
| | - James P Duffy
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Anne Frances
- NatureServe, 4600 N. Fairfax Dr., 7th Floor, Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA
| | - Héctor M Hernández
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Deleg. Coyoacán, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Richard Inger
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Caroline Pollock
- International Union for Conservation of Nature, Global Species Programme, Sheraton House, Castle Park, Cambridge CB3 0AX, UK
| | - Jan Schipper
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- Conservation &Science Department, Phoenix Zoo, 455 N. Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, Arizona 85008, USA
| | - Mariella Superina
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología de la Fauna Silvestre, IMBECU, CCT CONICET Mendoza, Avda. Dr. Adrián Ruiz Leal, S/N°, Parque General San Martín, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Nigel P Taylor
- Singapore Botanic Gardens and National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569, Singapore
| | - Marcelo Tognelli
- International Union for Conservation of Nature-Conservation International, Biodiversity Assessment Unit, Betty &Gordon Moore Center for Science &Oceans, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, Virginia 22202, USA
| | - Agustín M Abba
- División Zoología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, UNLP, CONICET, Paseo del Bosque s/n, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Salvador Arias
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Hilda J Arreola-Nava
- Instituto de Botánica del Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, km. 15.5 carr. a Nogales, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45110, Mexico
| | - Marc A Baker
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, Arizona 85287-4501, USA
| | - Rolando T Bárcenas
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular y Ecología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Aeropuerto, Carretera a Chichimequillas km. 2.5, Querétaro, Querétaro C.P. 76140, Mexico
| | - Duniel Barrios
- Jardín Botánico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, Carretera El Rocío Km 3 1/2 Calabazar, Boyeros, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Charles A Butterworth
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, Arizona 85287-4501, USA
| | - Alberto Búrquez
- Unidad Hermosillo, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 1354, Hermosillo, Sonora C.P. 83000, México
| | - Fátima Caceres
- Herbarium arequipense HUSA, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Av. Daniel Alcides Carrión s/n, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Miguel Chazaro-Basañez
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad Veracruzana, Zona Universitaria, Xalapa, Veracruz C.P. 91000, Mexico
| | - Rafael Corral-Díaz
- Pulsar Group, LLC, Environmental Consulting and Services, 565 Bluff Canyon Circle, El Paso, TX 79912, USA
| | - Mario Del Valle Perea
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UNCA, Avenida General Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Pablo H Demaio
- Temperate South American Plants, Specialist Group, IUCN, Colanchanga S/N, Río Ceballos, Córdoba 5111, Argentina
| | - Williams A Duarte de Barros
- Herbario MVM, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, 25 de Mayo 582, Casilla de Correo 399, Montevideo C.P. 11.000, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Durán
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 # 130 Col. Chuburná, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97200, México
| | - Luis Faúndez Yancas
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- BIOTA, Gestión y Consultorías Ambientales Ltda., Av. Miguel Claro 1224, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | - George Gann
- The Institute for Regional Conservation, Delray Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos Gómez-Hinostrosa
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Deleg. Coyoacán, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | | | | | - Pablo C Guerrero
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160C, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 780-0024, Chile
| | - Barry Hammel
- Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 23166-0299, USA
| | | | - José Guadalupe Hernández-Oria
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Tropical, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland CH-1196, Switzerland
- United Nations Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK
| | - Mario Ishiki Ishihara
- El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carr. Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n, Barrio de María Auxiliadora, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas C.P. 29290, Mexico
| | | | - João Larocca
- Fundação Gaia-Estrada Capão da Fonte, s/n°, Caixa Postal: 353, Cep: 96690-000, Pantano, Grande/RS, Brazil
| | - José Luis León-de la Luz
- Herbarium HCIB, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, SC, Apdo. postal 128, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23000, Mexico
| | - Christian R Loaiza S
- Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana "Benjamín Carrión", Núcleo de Loja/Sección de Ciencias Naturales y Ecología, Colón 13 - 12 y Bernardo Valdivieso, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Martin Lowry
- International Organization for Succulent Plant Study, 83, Seaton Road, Hessle, Hull, UK
| | - Marlon C Machado
- Herbario HUEFS, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia CEP 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Majure
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- Desert Botanical Garden, 1201 N Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, AZ 85281, USA
| | - José Guadalupe Martínez Ávalos
- Instituto de Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Calle División del Golfo No 356, Col. Libertad, Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas C.P 87019, México
| | - Carlos Martorell
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Deleg. Coyoacán, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Joyce Maschinski
- Kushlan Tropical Science Institute, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, 10901 Old Cutler Rd., Coral Gables, Miami, Florida 33156, USA
| | - Eduardo Méndez
- Botánica y Fitosociología-IADIZA-CCT-CONICET-MENDOZA, Avda. Dr. Adrián Ruiz Leal, S/N°, Parque General San Martín, C.P. 5500, Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - Jafet M Nassar
- Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Carretera Panamericana km 11, Apdo. 20632, Altos de Pipe, Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Vivian Negrón-Ortiz
- US Fish &Wildlife Service, 1601 Balboa, Ave., Panama City, Florida 32405, USA
- Department of Biology, Miami University, 501 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA
| | - Luis J Oakley
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNR, C.C. N° 14, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Pablo Ortega-Baes
- LABIBO, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta-CONICET, Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - Ana Beatriz Pin Ferreira
- Asociación Etnobotánica Paraguaya, Dr. Hassler 6378 entre R.I.4 Curupayty y R.I. 2 Ytororó, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Donald J Pinkava
- Desert Botanical Garden, 1201 N Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, AZ 85281, USA
| | - J Mark Porter
- Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500 N. College Ave., Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | | | - José Roque Gamarra
- Museo de Historia Natural, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Patricio Saldivia Pérez
- BIOTA, Gestión y Consultorías Ambientales Ltda., Av. Miguel Claro 1224, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emiliano Sánchez Martínez
- Jardín Botánico Regional de Cadereyta "Ing. Manuel González de Cosío", Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Querétaro, Camino a la antigua Hacienda de Tovares sin número, Cadereyta de Montes, Querétaro C.P. 76500, Mexico
| | | | | | - Simon N Stuart
- International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland CH-1196, Switzerland
- United Nations Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK
- Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22202, USA
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
- Al Ain Zoo, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - José Luis Tapia Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 # 130 Col. Chuburná, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97200, México
| | - Teresa Terrazas
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Deleg. Coyoacán, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Martin Terry
- Sul Ross State University, Alpine, Texas 79832, USA
| | - Marcelo Trevisson
- Instituto Superior "Arturo U. Illia" (ISAUI), Olsacher 99, Villa Carlos Paz, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Teresa Valverde
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Deleg. Coyoacán, México, D.F. C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Thomas R Van Devender
- Sky Island Alliance, Inc, 300 E. University Blvd., Suite 270, Tucson, Arizona 85705, USA
| | - Mario Esteban Véliz-Pérez
- Herbario BIGU, Escuela de Biología, Facultad CC. QQ. y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Helmut E Walter
- The EXSIS project: cactaceae ex-situ &in-situ conservation, Casilla 175, Buin, Chile
| | - Sarah A Wyatt
- Global Environment Facility, 1818 H St NW P4-400, Washington, DC 20433, USA
| | - Daniela Zappi
- HLAA, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK
| | - J Alejandro Zavala-Hurtado
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ap. Postal 55-535, México, D.F. 09340, Mexico
| | - Kevin J Gaston
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mittermeier RA, van Dijk PP, Rhodin AG, Nash SD. Turtle Hotspots: An Analysis of the Occurrence of Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles in Biodiversity Hotspots, High-Biodiversity Wilderness Areas, and Turtle Priority Areas. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2015. [DOI: 10.2744/ccab-14-01-2-10.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
25
|
Lei R, Frasier CL, McLain AT, Taylor JM, Bailey CA, Engberg SE, Ginter AL, Randriamampionona R, Groves CP, Mittermeier RA, Jr EEL. Revision of Madagascar's Dwarf Lemurs (Cheirogaleidae:Cheirogaleus): Designation of Species, Candidate Species Status and Geographic Boundaries Based on Molecular and Morphological Data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1896/052.028.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
26
|
Yang B, Busch J, Zhang L, Ran J, Gu X, Zhang W, Du B, Xu Y, Mittermeier RA. China's Collective Forest Tenure Reform and the Future of the Giant Panda. Conserv Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment; Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Jonah Busch
- Center for Global Development; 2055 L St. NW, Fifth Floor Washington DC 20036 USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering; Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Jianghong Ran
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment; Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaodong Gu
- Sichuan Wildlife Resource Survey and Conservation Management Station; Chengdu 610081 China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Institute of Forestry Survey and Planning; Chengdu 610081 China
| | - Beibei Du
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment; Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
- Conservation International; 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington VA 22202 USA
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences; Pingdingshan University; Pingdingshan 467000 China
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Primatology as a discrete branch of science involving the study of primate behavior and ecology took off in the 1960s after discovery of the importance of primates as models for biomedical research and the realization that primates provide insights into the evolutionary history of humans. Osman Hill's unfortunately incomplete monograph series on the comparative anatomy and taxonomy of the primates(1) and the Napiers' 1967 A Handbook of Living Primates(2) recorded the world's view of primate diversity at this time. This taxonomy remained the baseline for nearly three decades, with the diversity of each genus being represented by some species, but extensively as subspecies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Rylands
- IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Schwitzer C, Chikhi L, Donati G, Irwin M, Johnson SE, Mittermeier RA, Peacock H, Ratsimbazafy J, Razafindramanana J, Louis EE, Colquhoun IC, Tinsman J, Dolch R, Lafleur M, Nash S, Patel E, Randrianambinina B, Rasolofoharivelo T, Wright PC. Protecting lemurs--response. Science 2014; 344:358-60. [PMID: 24763571 DOI: 10.1126/science.344.6182.358-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schwitzer
- Bristol Zoological Society, c/o Bristol Zoo Gardens, Clifton, Bristol BS8 3HA, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schwitzer C, Mittermeier RA, Johnson SE, Donati G, Irwin M, Peacock H, Ratsimbazafy J, Razafindramanana J, Louis EE, Chikhi L, Colquhoun IC, Tinsman J, Dolch R, LaFleur M, Nash S, Patel E, Randrianambinina B, Rasolofoharivelo T, Wright PC. Conservation. Averting lemur extinctions amid Madagascar's political crisis. Science 2014; 343:842-3. [PMID: 24558147 DOI: 10.1126/science.1245783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Schwitzer
- Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol BS8 3HA, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ranaivoarisoa JF, Zaonarivelo JR, Lei R, Johnson SE, Wyman TM, Mittermeier RA, E. Louis E. Rapid Survey and Assessment of the Northern Sportive Lemur,Lepilemur septentrionalis, in Northern Madagascar. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1896/052.027.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
31
|
Huebinger RM, Bickham JW, Rhodin AGJ, Mittermeier RA. Mitochondrial DNA Corroborates Taxonomy of the South American Chelid Turtles of the GeneraPlatemysandAcanthochelys. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2013. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-0800.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jonah Busch
- Conservation International, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jianghong Ran
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaodong Gu
- Sichuan Wildlife Resource Survey and Conservation Management Station, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Institute of Forestry Survey and Planning, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Beibei Du
- Conservation International, Beijing 100027, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Turner WR, Brandon K, Brooks TM, Gascon C, Gibbs HK, Lawrence KS, Mittermeier RA, Selig ER. Global Biodiversity Conservation and the Alleviation of Poverty. Bioscience 2012. [DOI: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
34
|
Lambertini M, Leape J, Marton-Lefèvre J, Mittermeier RA, Rose M, Robinson JG, Stuart SN, Waldman B, Genovesi P. Invasives: a major conservation threat. Science 2011; 333:404-5. [PMID: 21778380 DOI: 10.1126/science.333.6041.404-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
35
|
Collar NJ, Butchart SHM, Brooks TM, Mittermeier RA, Stuart SN. Biodiversity: Blessing Not Blunder. Bioscience 2011. [DOI: 10.1525/bio.2011.61.4.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
36
|
Rylands AB, Matauschek C, Aquino R, Encarnación F, Heymann EW, de la Torre S, Mittermeier RA. Erratum to: The range of the golden-mantle tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus (Milne-Edwards, 1878): distributions and sympatry of four tamarins in Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. Primates 2010. [PMCID: PMC3018265 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-010-0227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B. Rylands
- Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202 USA
| | - Christian Matauschek
- Abteilung Verhaltensoekologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolando Aquino
- C. I. Instituto Veterinario de Investigaciones Tropicales y de Altura, Universidad Nacional Mayor, Apartado 575, Iquitos, Loreto Perú
| | | | - Eckhard W. Heymann
- Abteilung Verhaltensoekologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stella de la Torre
- College of Life Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hoffmann M, Hilton-Taylor C, Angulo A, Böhm M, Brooks TM, Butchart SHM, Carpenter KE, Chanson J, Collen B, Cox NA, Darwall WRT, Dulvy NK, Harrison LR, Katariya V, Pollock CM, Quader S, Richman NI, Rodrigues ASL, Tognelli MF, Vié JC, Aguiar JM, Allen DJ, Allen GR, Amori G, Ananjeva NB, Andreone F, Andrew P, Aquino Ortiz AL, Baillie JEM, Baldi R, Bell BD, Biju SD, Bird JP, Black-Decima P, Blanc JJ, Bolaños F, Bolivar-G W, Burfield IJ, Burton JA, Capper DR, Castro F, Catullo G, Cavanagh RD, Channing A, Chao NL, Chenery AM, Chiozza F, Clausnitzer V, Collar NJ, Collett LC, Collette BB, Cortez Fernandez CF, Craig MT, Crosby MJ, Cumberlidge N, Cuttelod A, Derocher AE, Diesmos AC, Donaldson JS, Duckworth JW, Dutson G, Dutta SK, Emslie RH, Farjon A, Fowler S, Freyhof J, Garshelis DL, Gerlach J, Gower DJ, Grant TD, Hammerson GA, Harris RB, Heaney LR, Hedges SB, Hero JM, Hughes B, Hussain SA, Icochea M J, Inger RF, Ishii N, Iskandar DT, Jenkins RKB, Kaneko Y, Kottelat M, Kovacs KM, Kuzmin SL, La Marca E, Lamoreux JF, Lau MWN, Lavilla EO, Leus K, Lewison RL, Lichtenstein G, Livingstone SR, Lukoschek V, Mallon DP, McGowan PJK, McIvor A, Moehlman PD, Molur S, Muñoz Alonso A, Musick JA, Nowell K, Nussbaum RA, Olech W, Orlov NL, Papenfuss TJ, Parra-Olea G, Perrin WF, Polidoro BA, Pourkazemi M, Racey PA, Ragle JS, Ram M, Rathbun G, Reynolds RP, Rhodin AGJ, Richards SJ, Rodríguez LO, Ron SR, Rondinini C, Rylands AB, Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Sanciangco JC, Sanders KL, Santos-Barrera G, Schipper J, Self-Sullivan C, Shi Y, Shoemaker A, Short FT, Sillero-Zubiri C, Silvano DL, Smith KG, Smith AT, Snoeks J, Stattersfield AJ, Symes AJ, Taber AB, Talukdar BK, Temple HJ, Timmins R, Tobias JA, Tsytsulina K, Tweddle D, Ubeda C, Valenti SV, van Dijk PP, Veiga LM, Veloso A, Wege DC, Wilkinson M, Williamson EA, Xie F, Young BE, Akçakaya HR, Bennun L, Blackburn TM, Boitani L, Dublin HT, da Fonseca GAB, Gascon C, Lacher TE, Mace GM, Mainka SA, McNeely JA, Mittermeier RA, Reid GM, Rodriguez JP, Rosenberg AA, Samways MJ, Smart J, Stein BA, Stuart SN. The impact of conservation on the status of the world's vertebrates. Science 2010; 330:1503-9. [PMID: 20978281 DOI: 10.1126/science.1194442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Using data for 25,780 species categorized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, we present an assessment of the status of the world's vertebrates. One-fifth of species are classified as Threatened, and we show that this figure is increasing: On average, 52 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians move one category closer to extinction each year. However, this overall pattern conceals the impact of conservation successes, and we show that the rate of deterioration would have been at least one-fifth again as much in the absence of these. Nonetheless, current conservation efforts remain insufficient to offset the main drivers of biodiversity loss in these groups: agricultural expansion, logging, overexploitation, and invasive alien species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hoffmann
- IUCN SSC Species Survival Commission, c/o United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rylands AB, Matauschek C, Aquino R, Encarnación F, Heymann EW, de la Torre S, Mittermeier RA. The range of the golden-mantle tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus (Milne-Edwards, 1878): distributions and sympatry of four tamarins in Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru [corrected]. Primates 2010; 52:25-39. [PMID: 20878203 PMCID: PMC3018295 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-010-0217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the range of the golden-mantle tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus (Milne Edwards, 1878), in Amazonian Peru and Ecuador is of particular relevance, not only because it is poorly known but also because it was on the basis of its supposed sympatry with the saddleback tamarin (S. fuscicollis lagonotus) that Thorington (Am J Primatol 15:367–371, 1988) argued that it is a distinct species rather than a saddleback tamarin subspecies, as was believed by Hershkovitz (Living new world monkeys, vol I. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1977). A number of surveys have been carried out since 1988 in the supposed range of S. tripartitus, in both Ecuador and Peru. Here we summarize and discuss these issues and provide a new suggestion for the geographic range of this species; that is, between the ríos Napo and Curaray in Peru and extending east into Ecuador. We also review current evidence for the distributions of Spix’s black-mantle tamarin (S. nigricollis nigricollis), Graells’ black-mantle tamarin (S. n. graellsi), and the saddleback tamarin (S. fuscicollis lagonotus), which are also poorly known, and examine the evidence regarding sympatry between them. We conclude that despite the existence of a number of specimens with collecting localities that indicate overlap in their geographic ranges, the fact that the four tamarin species are of similar size and undoubtedly very similar in their feeding habits militates strongly against the occurrence of sympatry among them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Rylands
- Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Affiliation(s)
- S N Stuart
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Buhlmann KA, Akre TSB, Iverson JB, Karapatakis D, Mittermeier RA, Georges A, Rhodin AGJ, van Dijk PP, Gibbons JW. A Global Analysis of Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Distributions with Identification of Priority Conservation Areas. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2009. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-0774.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
41
|
Mittermeier RA, Wallis J, Rylands AB, Ganzhorn JU, Oates JF, Williamson EA, Palacios E, Heymann EW, Kierulff MCM, Yongcheng L, Supriatna J, Roos C, Walker S, Cortés-Ortiz L, Schwitzer C. Primates in Peril: The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates 2008–2010. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1896/052.024.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
42
|
Hanson T, Brooks TM, Da Fonseca GAB, Hoffmann M, Lamoreux JF, Machlis G, Mittermeier CG, Mittermeier RA, Pilgrim JD. Warfare in biodiversity hotspots. Conserv Biol 2009; 23:578-87. [PMID: 19236450 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01166.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Conservation efforts are only as sustainable as the social and political context within which they take place. The weakening or collapse of sociopolitical frameworks during wartime can lead to habitat destruction and the erosion of conservation policies, but in some cases, may also confer ecological benefits through altered settlement patterns and reduced resource exploitation. Over 90% of the major armed conflicts between 1950 and 2000 occurred within countries containing biodiversity hotspots, and more than 80% took place directly within hotspot areas. Less than one-third of the 34 recognized hotspots escaped significant conflict during this period, and most suffered repeated episodes of violence. This pattern was remarkably consistent over these 5 decades. Evidence from the war-torn Eastern Afromontane hotspot suggests that biodiversity conservation is improved when international nongovernmental organizations support local protected area staff and remain engaged throughout the conflict. With biodiversity hotspots concentrated in politically volatile regions, the conservation community must maintain continuous involvement during periods of war, and biodiversity conservation should be incorporated into military, reconstruction, and humanitarian programs in the world's conflict zones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thor Hanson
- Human Ecosystems Study Group, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Louis EE, Engberg SE, McGuire SM, McCormick MJ, Randriamampionona R, Ranaivoarisoa JF, Bailey CA, Mittermeier RA, Lei R. Revision of the Mouse Lemurs,Microcebus(Primates, Lemuriformes), of Northern and Northwestern Madagascar with Descriptions of Two New Species at Montagne d'Ambre National Park and Antafondro Classified Forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1896/052.023.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
44
|
Schipper J, Chanson JS, Chiozza F, Cox NA, Hoffmann M, Katariya V, Lamoreux J, Rodrigues ASL, Stuart SN, Temple HJ, Baillie J, Boitani L, Lacher TE, Mittermeier RA, Smith AT, Absolon D, Aguiar JM, Amori G, Bakkour N, Baldi R, Berridge RJ, Bielby J, Black PA, Blanc JJ, Brooks TM, Burton JA, Butynski TM, Catullo G, Chapman R, Cokeliss Z, Collen B, Conroy J, Cooke JG, da Fonseca GAB, Derocher AE, Dublin HT, Duckworth JW, Emmons L, Emslie RH, Festa-Bianchet M, Foster M, Foster S, Garshelis DL, Gates C, Gimenez-Dixon M, Gonzalez S, Gonzalez-Maya JF, Good TC, Hammerson G, Hammond PS, Happold D, Happold M, Hare J, Harris RB, Hawkins CE, Haywood M, Heaney LR, Hedges S, Helgen KM, Hilton-Taylor C, Hussain SA, Ishii N, Jefferson TA, Jenkins RKB, Johnston CH, Keith M, Kingdon J, Knox DH, Kovacs KM, Langhammer P, Leus K, Lewison R, Lichtenstein G, Lowry LF, Macavoy Z, Mace GM, Mallon DP, Masi M, McKnight MW, Medellín RA, Medici P, Mills G, Moehlman PD, Molur S, Mora A, Nowell K, Oates JF, Olech W, Oliver WRL, Oprea M, Patterson BD, Perrin WF, Polidoro BA, Pollock C, Powel A, Protas Y, Racey P, Ragle J, Ramani P, Rathbun G, Reeves RR, Reilly SB, Reynolds JE, Rondinini C, Rosell-Ambal RG, Rulli M, Rylands AB, Savini S, Schank CJ, Sechrest W, Self-Sullivan C, Shoemaker A, Sillero-Zubiri C, De Silva N, Smith DE, Srinivasulu C, Stephenson PJ, van Strien N, Talukdar BK, Taylor BL, Timmins R, Tirira DG, Tognelli MF, Tsytsulina K, Veiga LM, Vié JC, Williamson EA, Wyatt SA, Xie Y, Young BE. The Status of the World's Land and Marine Mammals: Diversity, Threat, and Knowledge. Science 2008; 322:225-30. [PMID: 18845749 DOI: 10.1126/science.1165115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1037] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schipper
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Programme, IUCN, 28 Rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Andreone F, Carpenter AI, Cox N, du Preez L, Freeman K, Furrer S, Garcia G, Glaw F, Glos J, Knox D, Köhler J, Mendelson JR, Mercurio V, Mittermeier RA, Moore RD, Rabibisoa NHC, Randriamahazo H, Randrianasolo H, Raminosoa NR, Ramilijaona OR, Raxworthy CJ, Vallan D, Vences M, Vieites DR, Weldon C. The challenge of conserving amphibian megadiversity in Madagascar. PLoS Biol 2008; 6:e118. [PMID: 18462021 PMCID: PMC2365978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly diverse and so far apparently untouched by emergent diseases, Malagasy frogs nevertheless are threatened by ongoing habitat destruction, making pro-active conservation actions especially important for preserving this unique, pre-decline, amphibian fauna.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Andreone
- Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Mitigating climate change by reducing deforestation should involve incentives for countries that currently have high forest cover and low deforestation rates.
Collapse
|
47
|
Hoffmann M, Brooks TM, da Fonseca GAB, Gascon C, Hawkins AFA, James RE, Langhammer P, Mittermeier RA, Pilgrim JD, Rodrigues ASL, Silva JMC. Conservation planning and the IUCN Red List. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2008. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
48
|
Mittermeier RA, Ratsimbazafy J, Rylands AB, Williamson L, Oates JF, Mbora D, Ganzhorn JU, Rodríguez-Luna E, Palacios E, Heymann EW, Kierulff MCM, Yongcheng L, Supriatna J, Roos C, Walker S, Aguiar JM. Primates in Peril: The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates, 2006–2008. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1896/052.022.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
49
|
Coimbra-Filho AF, Mittermeier RA, Rylands AB, Mendes SL, Kierulff MCM, de S. Pinto LP. The Taxonomic Status of Wied's Black-tufted-ear Marmoset, Callithrix kuhlii (Callitrichidae, Primates). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1896/0898-6207.21.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
50
|
Brooks TM, Mittermeier RA, da Fonseca GAB, Gerlach J, Hoffmann M, Lamoreux JF, Mittermeier CG, Pilgrim JD, Rodrigues ASL. Global biodiversity conservation priorities. Science 2006; 313:58-61. [PMID: 16825561 DOI: 10.1126/science.1127609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 768] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The location of and threats to biodiversity are distributed unevenly, so prioritization is essential to minimize biodiversity loss. To address this need, biodiversity conservation organizations have proposed nine templates of global priorities over the past decade. Here, we review the concepts, methods, results, impacts, and challenges of these prioritizations of conservation practice within the theoretical irreplaceability/vulnerability framework of systematic conservation planning. Most of the templates prioritize highly irreplaceable regions; some are reactive (prioritizing high vulnerability), and others are proactive (prioritizing low vulnerability). We hope this synthesis improves understanding of these prioritization approaches and that it results in more efficient allocation of geographically flexible conservation funding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T M Brooks
- Conservation International, 1919 M Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|