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Kim D, Kim H. Analysis of Optimal Treatment Starting Time for Photothermal Therapy Through Analysis of Diffusion Behavior of Gold Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3167-3186. [PMID: 38585473 PMCID: PMC10999192 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s452470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to its distinct advantage of non-invasive application in treatment, photothermal therapy (PTT) is being studied by many researchers to reduce the need for surgical incisions. It is characterized by the injection of nanoparticles into biological tissue as photothermal agents (PTAs) which diffuse within the tissue. In this study, the diffusion behavior of various doses of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) injected into tumor tissues is analyzed and the effectiveness of PTT at each elapsed time after injection is confirmed by numerical analysis. Methods The diffusion behavior of AuNPs within biological tissues is assessed using the convection-diffusion equation, while the temperature distribution is determined using the Pennes bioheat transfer equation. In addition, the effect of the diffusion behavior of AuNPs on the effectiveness of PTT is quantitatively confirmed by analyzing the temperature distribution in the medium through the apoptotic variable. Numerical simulation parameters are selected with doses ranging from 100 to 400 μg/mL, elapsed time after injection from 1 min to 24 h, and laser power ranging from 0 to 1 W. Results After evaluating PTT's efficacy in every situation, it was discovered that a dosage of 100-300 μg/mL produced the best therapeutic result, with the highest impact occurring 12 hours after injection. In contrast, when the dosage was 400 μg/mL, the highest therapeutic effect was achieved after 18 hours post-injection. Additionally, it was discovered that the ideal laser power at each injection dose was 0.22, 0.14, 0.12, and 0.12 W, respectively. Conclusion The conditions required to achieve the optimal treatment effect at each dosage, presented here, are expected to accelerate the commercialization of PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyuk Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Korea
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Hu Z, Mao L, Liu X, Xing X, Zhang L, Zhou Q, Song C. A novel discrete linkage-type electrode for radiofrequency-induced intestinal anastomosis. MINIM INVASIV THER 2024; 33:71-79. [PMID: 38219217 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2023.2291439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For decades, radiofrequency (RF)-induced tissue fusion has garnered great attention due to its potential to replace sutures and staples for anastomosis of tissue reconstruction. However, the complexities of achieving high bonding strength and reducing excessive thermal damage present substantial limitations of existing fusion devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study proposed a discrete linkage-type electrode to carry out ex vivo RF-induced intestinal anastomosis experiments. The anastomotic strength was examined by burst pressure and shear strength test. The degree of thermal damage was monitored through an infrared thermal imager. And the anastomotic stoma fused by the electrode was further investigated through histopathological and ultrastructural observation. RESULTS The burst pressure and shear strength of anastomotic tissue can reach 62.2 ± 3.08 mmHg and 8.73 ± 1.11N, respectively, when the pressure, power and duration are 995 kPa, 160 W and 13 s, and the thermal damage can be controlled within limits. Histopathological and ultrastructural observation indicate that an intact and fully fused stomas with collagenic crosslink can be formed. CONCLUSION The discrete linkage-type electrode presents favorable efficiency and security in RF-induced tissue fusion, and these results are informative to the design of electrosurgical medical devices with controllable pressure and energy delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Mao
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyan Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xupo Xing
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Linying Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengli Song
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Xing X, Song C. A novel electrode for reducing tissue thermal damage in radiofrequency-induced intestinal anastomosis. MINIM INVASIV THER 2024; 33:80-89. [PMID: 38147884 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2023.2297774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to design a novel electrode for reducing tissue thermal damage in radiofrequency-induced intestinal anastomosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We developed and compared two electrodes (Ring electrode, and Plum electrode with reduced section of the middle fusion area by nearly 80% arising from novel structural design) by performing ex-vivo experiments and finite element analysis. RESULTS In contrast to the Ring electrode group, slightly higher mean strength is acquired with the tensile force and burst pressure results increasing from 9.7 ± 1.47 N, 84.0 ± 5.99 mmHg to 11.1 ± 1.71 N, 89.4 ± 6.60 mmHg, respectively, as well as a significant reduction in tissue thermal damage for the Plum electrode group, with compression pressure of 20 kPa, RF energy of 120 W and welding duration of 8 s applied to the target regions to achieve anastomosis. Besides, the novel structural design of the Plum electrode can counteract the tension generated by intestinal peristalsis and enhance the biomechanical strength of the anastomotic area. The histological observation showed that the fusion area of the two-layer intestinal tissue is tightly connected with decreased thickness. CONCLUSION The novel electrode (Plum electrode) could reduce tissue thermal damage in radiofrequency-induced intestinal anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupo Xing
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengli Song
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Wang B, Zang L, Lu Y, Zhan M, Sun T, Zhou Y, Song C. Simulation-guided development of advanced PID control algorithm for skin cooling in radiofrequency lipolysis. Biomed Mater Eng 2024:BME230185. [PMID: 38517766 DOI: 10.3233/bme-230185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical outcomes of bipolar radiofrequency (RF) lipolysis, a prevalent non-invasive fat reduction procedure, hinge on the delicate balance between effective lipolysis and patient safety, with skin overheating and subsequent tissue damage as primary concerns. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate a novel bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis technique, safeguarding the skin through an innovative PID temperature control algorithm. METHODS Utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, a two-dimensional fat and skin tissue model was established, simulating various PID temperature control schemes. The crux of the simulation involved a comparative analysis of different PID temperatures at 45 °C, 50 °C, and 55 °C and constant power strategies, assessing their implications on skin temperature. Concurrently, a custom bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis device was developed, with ex vivo experiments conducted using porcine tissue for empirical validation. RESULTS The findings indicated that with PID settings of Kp = 7, Ki = 2, and Kd = 0, and skin temperature control at 45 °C or 50 °C, the innovative PID-based epidermal temperature control strategy successfully maintained the epidermal temperature within a safe range. This maintenance was achieved without compromising the effectiveness of RF lipolysis, significantly reducing the risk of thermal damage to the skin layers. CONCLUSION Our research confirms the substantial practical utility of this advanced PID-based bipolar RF lipolysis technique in clinical aesthetic procedures, enhancing patient safety during adipose tissue ablation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianru Zang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Yingxi Lu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengying Zhan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengli Song
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Huang J, Wu J, Chen Y, Xu T, Wang K, Rui Y. Experimental study on the mechanical properties and thermal damage of laser welding the ruptured flexor digitorum longus tendons. J Biophotonics 2024; 17:e202300373. [PMID: 38010349 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of laser parameters on the performance of tendon tissue, experiments were conducted and the process of laser-assisted tendon welding was studied. Several conclusions were drawn by analyzing the effects of laser parameters on the tensile strength, microstructure, and collagen content of tendon tissue incisions. The optimal parameters for laser welding tendon tissue were found to be a laser power of 5 W, a scanning speed of 150 mm/s, and a defocus amount of 0 mm, resulting in a laser energy density of 32.164 J/cm2 . At these parameters, the percentage of inactivated cells due to thermal damage was only 23.78%, and the tensile strength of the tendon tissue incisions reached 0.61 MPa. Additionally, the collagen content around the incision was measured to be 33.679%, composed of type I and type III collagens, with the latter accounting for 50.714% of the total collagen content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjin Wu
- School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Kehong Wang
- School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfeng Rui
- Southeast University, Zhong da Hospital Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing, China
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Bai H, Wang R, Dai Y, Xue Y. Optimizing milling parameters based on full factorial experiment and backpropagation artificial neural network of lamina milling temperature prediction model. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:201-214. [PMID: 37302049 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milling operations of laminae in spinal surgery generate high temperatures, which can lead to thermal injury and osteonecrosis and affect the biomechanical effects of implants, ultimately leading to surgical failure. OBJECTIVE In this paper, a backpropagation artificial neural network (Bp-ANN) temperature prediction model was developed based on full factorial experimental data of laminae milling to optimize the milling motion parameters and to improve the safety of robot-assisted spine surgery. METHODS A full factorial experiment design were used to analyze the parameters affecting the milling temperature of laminae. The experimental matrixes were established by collecting the corresponding cutter temperature Tc and bone surface temperature Tb for the milling depth, feed speed and different bone densities. The Bp-ANN lamina milling temperature prediction model was constructed from experiment data. RESULTS Increasing milling depth increases bone surface and cutter temperature. Increasing feed speed had little effect on cutter temperature, but decreased bone surface temperature. Increasing bone density of laminae increased cutter temperature. The Bp-ANN temperature prediction model had best training results in the 10th epoch, and there is no overfitting (training set R= 0.99661, validation set R= 0.85003, testing set R= 0.90421, all temperature data set R= 0.93807). The goodness of fit R of Bp-ANN was close to 1, indicating that the predicted temperature was in good agreement with the experiment measurements. CONCLUSION This study can help spinal surgery-assisted robot to select appropriate motion parameters at different density bones to improve lamina milling safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Kim D, Kim H. Analysis of temperature behavior in biological tissue in photothermal therapy according to laser irradiation angle. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2252668. [PMID: 37661750 PMCID: PMC10478739 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2252668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The type of death of biological tissue varies with temperature and is broadly classified as apoptosis and necrosis. A new treatment called photothermal therapy is being studied on this basis. Photothermal therapy is a treatment technique based on photothermal effects and has the advantage of not requiring incisions and, therefore, no bleeding. In this study, a numerical analysis of photothermal therapy for squamous cell carcinoma was performed. Photothermal agents used were gold nanoparticles, and the photothermal therapy effect was confirmed by changing the angle of the laser irradiating the tumor tissue. The effectiveness of photothermal therapy was quantitatively assessed on the basis of three apoptotic variables. Further, the volume fraction of gold nanoparticles in the tumor tissue and laser intensity with optimal therapeutic effect for different laser irradiation angles were studied. Thus, the findings of this study can aid the practical implementation of photothermal therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyuk Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Nandakumar N, Iyyer S, Mohan T, Nair SV, Sathy BN. Smart Design for Hybrid Bioprinting of Scalable and Viable Tissue Constructs. Tissue Eng Part A 2023. [PMID: 37930736 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid bioprinting uses sequential printing of melt-extruded biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and cell-encapsulated bioink in a predesigned manner using high- and low-temperature print heads for the fabrication of robust three-dimensional (3D) biological constructs. However, the high-temperature print head and melt-extruded polymer cause irreversible thermal damage to the bioprinted cells, and it affects viability and functionality of 3D bioprinted biological constructs. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop innovative approaches to protect the bioprinted cells, coming into contact or at close proximities to the melt-extruded thermoplastic polymer and the high-temperature print head during hybrid bioprinting. Therefore, this study investigated the potential of iterating the structural architecture pattern (SAP) of melt-printed thermoplastic layers and the cell printing pattern (CPP) to protect the cells from temperature-associated damage during hybrid bioprinting. A novel SAP for printing the thermoplastic polymer and an associated CPP for minimizing thermal damage to the 3D bioprinted construct have been developed. The newly developed SAP- and CPP-based hybrid bioprinted biological constructs showed significantly low thermal damage compared to conventionally hybrid bioprinted biological constructs. The results from this study suggest that the newly developed SAP and CPP can be an improved hybrid bioprinting strategy for developing living constructs at the human scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niji Nandakumar
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Subramania Iyyer
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology and Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Thadi Mohan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Shantikumar V Nair
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Binulal N Sathy
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
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Barnett E, Heaton JT, Petrillo RH, Purnell P, Burns JA. Minimizing Thermal Damage During Thulium Laser-Assisted Partial Arytenoidectomy: Pulsed Versus Continuous Cutting in an Ex-Vivo Calf Model. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:1355-1360. [PMID: 36824026 DOI: 10.1177/00034894231157648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 2 µm-wavelength thulium laser is an effective cutter during partial arytenoidectomy, but thermal trauma can damage adjacent laryngeal tissue. Pulsing laser energy may reduce trauma when compared to continuous-wave cutting. This study measured temperature changes, thermal trauma, and time to complete partial arytenoidectomy, with and without pulsing, in an ex-vivo calf model. METHODS Tissue temperature and time to complete a trans-cartilaginous cut were measured during partial arytenoidectomy on ex-vivo calf vocal folds (N = 24) using a thulium laser in continuous-wave (CW, N = 12) and pulsed-wave (PW, N = 12) modes. Energy was 5 W for CW and PW cuts; pulse-widths were 250, 500, and 750 ms. Thermal damage was analyzed histologically by measuring the depth of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inactivation perpendicular to the laser-cut edge at the vocal process. Paired t-tests compared CW and PW modes. RESULTS Change in temperature was lower using CW (6.5°C) compared to PW modes (250 ms = 18°; 500 ms = 16°; 750 = 19°; P < .05). Trans-cartilaginous cuts were completed faster using CW (37 seconds) compared to PW (250 ms = 136 seconds; 500 ms = 61 seconds; 750 = 44 seconds; P < .05), and both modes delivered the same total Joules. The average depth of LDH depletion (thermal damage) was similar for all cuts. CONCLUSIONS 1. Thulium laser cuts in continuous-mode unexpectedly produced less tissue heating yet created similar thermal damage than pulsed-mode cuts during simulated partial arytenoidectomy. 2. Trans-cartilaginous cuts were completed significantly faster in continuous-mode as compared to pulsed-mode cutting. 3. Pulsing the thulium laser does not minimize thermal damage compared to continuous wave cutting during thulium laser-assisted partial arytenoidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James T Heaton
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery - Harvard Medical School, Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert H Petrillo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery - Harvard Medical School, Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip Purnell
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery - Harvard Medical School, Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James A Burns
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery - Harvard Medical School, Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Cao P, Shi D, Li D, Zhu Z, Zhu J, Zhang J, Bai R. Modeling and in vivo experimental validation of 1,064 nm laser interstitial thermal therapy on brain tissue. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1237394. [PMID: 37869141 PMCID: PMC10588634 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1237394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) at 1064 nm is widely used to treat epilepsy and brain tumors; however, no numerical model exists that can predict the ablation region with careful in vivo validation. Methods In this study, we proposed a model with a system of finite element methods simulating heat transfer inside the brain tissue, radiative transfer from the applicator into the brain tissue, and a model for tissue damage. Results To speed up the computation for practical applications, we also validated P1-approximation as an efficient and fast method for calculating radiative transfer by comparing it with Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, we validated the proposed numerical model in vivo on six healthy canines and eight human patients with epilepsy and found strong agreement between the predicted temperature profile and ablation area and the magnetic resonance imaging-measured results. Discussion Our results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the model in predicting the ablation area of 1,064 nm LITT, which is important for presurgical planning when using LITT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dingsheng Shi
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou GenLight MedTech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ding Li
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou GenLight MedTech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhoule Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ruiliang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Khorasani A. Thermal damage map prediction during irreversible electroporation with U-Net. Electromagn Biol Med 2023; 42:182-192. [PMID: 38156621 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2023.2299212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in cancer treatment with irreversible electroporation (IRE) have led to a renewed interest in developing a treatment planning system based on Deep-Learning methods. This paper will give an account of U-Net, as a Deep-Learning architecture usage for predicting thermal damage area during IRE. In this study, an irregular shape of the liver tumor with MIMICS and 3-Matic software was created from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images. To create electric field distribution and thermal damage maps in IRE, COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3 finite element analysis was performed. It was decided to use the pair needle, single bipolar, and multi-tine electrodes with different geometrical parameters as electrodes. The U-Net was designed as a Deep-Learning network to train and predict the thermal damage area from electric field distribution in the IRE. The average DICE coefficient and accuracy of trained U-Net for predicting thermal damage area on test data sets were 0.96 and 0.98, respectively, for the dataset consisting of all electrode type electric field intensity images. This is the first time that U-Net has been used to predict thermal damage area. The results of this research support the idea that the U-Net can be used for predicting thermal damage areas during IRE as a treatment planning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Khorasani
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Kravets M, Cedeño-Pinos C, Abea A, Guàrdia MD, Muñoz I, Bañón S. Validation of Pasteurisation Temperatures for a Tomato-Oil Homogenate ( salmorejo) Processed by Radiofrequency or Conventional Continuous Heating. Foods 2023; 12:2837. [PMID: 37569107 PMCID: PMC10417326 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmorejo is a viscous homogenate based on tomato, olive oil and breadcrumbs commercialised as a "fresh-like" pasteurised-chilled purée. Due to its penetration, dielectric heating by radiofrequency (RF) might improve pasteurisation results of conventional heating (CH). The objective was to validate the pasteurisation temperature (70-100 °C, at 5 °C intervals) for salmorejo processed by RF (operating at 27.12 MHz for 9.08 s) or conventional (for 10.9 s) continuous heating. The main heat-induced changes include: orangeness, flavour homogenisation, loss of freshness, thickening, loss of vitamin C and lipid oxidation. Both CH and RF equivalent treatments allowed a strong reduction of total and sporulated mesophilic microorganisms and an adequate inhibition of the pectin methylesterase, peroxidase and, to a lesser extent, polyphenol oxidase but did not inhibit the polygalacturonase enzyme. Pasteurisation at 80 °C provided a good equilibrium in levels of microbiological and enzymatic inhibition and thermal damage to the product. Increasing this temperature does not improve enzyme inactivation levels and salmorejo may become overheated. A "fresh-like" good-quality salmorejo can be obtained using either conventional or radiofrequency pasteurisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kravets
- Department of Food Technology and Science and Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.K.); (C.C.-P.)
| | - Cristina Cedeño-Pinos
- Department of Food Technology and Science and Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.K.); (C.C.-P.)
| | - Andrés Abea
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries IRTA-Food Technology Program, Finca Camps i Armet, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain; (A.A.); (M.D.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Maria Dolors Guàrdia
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries IRTA-Food Technology Program, Finca Camps i Armet, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain; (A.A.); (M.D.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Israel Muñoz
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries IRTA-Food Technology Program, Finca Camps i Armet, Monells, 17121 Girona, Spain; (A.A.); (M.D.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Sancho Bañón
- Department of Food Technology and Science and Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.K.); (C.C.-P.)
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Pergolini D, Palaia G, De Angelis R, Rocchetti F, Podda GM, Tenore G, Del Vecchio A, Relucenti M, Romeo U. SEM Evaluation of Thermal Effects Produced by a 445 nm Laser on Implant Surfaces. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:148. [PMID: 37366671 DOI: 10.3390/dj11060148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate thermal effects on implant surfaces using a 445 nm diode laser (Eltech K-Laser Srl, Treviso, Italy) with different power settings and irradiation modalities. Fifteen new implants (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) were irradiated to evaluate surface alteration. Each implant was divided into two zones: the anterior and posterior areas. The anterior coronal areas were irradiated with a distance of 1 mm between the optical fiber and the implant; the anterior apical ones were irradiated with the fiber in contact with the implant. Instead, the posterior surfaces of all of the implants were not irradiated and used as control surfaces. The protocol comprised two cycles of laser irradiation, lasting 30 s each, with a one-minute pause between them. Different power settings were tested: a 0.5 W pulsed beam (T-on 25 ms; T-off 25 ms), a 2 W continuous beam and a 3 W continuous beam. Lastly, through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, dental implants' surfaces were evaluated to investigate surface alterations. No surface alterations were detected using a 0.5 W laser beam with a pulsed mode at a distance of 1 mm. Using powers of irradiation of 2 W and 3 W with a continuous mode at 1 mm from the implant caused damage on the titanium surfaces. After the irradiation protocol was changed to using the fiber in contact with the implant, the surface alterations increased highly compared to the non-contact irradiation modality. The SEM results suggest that a power of irradiation of 0.5 W with a pulsed laser light emission mode, using an inactivated optical fiber placed 1 mm away from the implant, could be used in the treatment of peri-implantitis, since no implant surface alterations were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pergolini
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaspare Palaia
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo De Angelis
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Rocchetti
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Podda
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tenore
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Romeo
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
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14
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Feng J, Zhang L, Qi J, Huang L. Histological damage characteristics and quantitive analysis of porcine skin with non-insulated microneedle radiofrequency. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13396. [PMID: 37357651 PMCID: PMC10264746 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, the microneedle radiofrequency (MRF) has been widely used for skin rejuvenation, but histological studies on the immediate trauma caused by different parameters of non-insulated RF microneedles METHODS: The skin of three pigs was treated with different needle depths, pulse widths and energy levels of non-insulated microneedle RF. Samples were collected before, immediately, and 2 weeks after treatment. The immediate histological response of each group was assessed and quantified by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining and Victoria Blue staining. RESULTS In the treatment of non-insulated microneedle RF, different energy levels affected mainly the range of thermal damage (p = 0.044), and different needle depths affected mainly the depth of the cavity (p = 0.022). But the width of the coagulation zone width was determined by different factors. There was no significant difference in the histology of immediate damage caused by different pulse widths. Reepithelialization of the epidermis and basic wound repair can be completed within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION Non-insulated RF microneedle therapy is an effective and safe treatment that can stimulate dermal wound healing with less thermal coagulation and a wide range of reversible thermal damage. However, it should be noted that the set needle depth may not correspond to the actual penetration depth, nor to the actual depth of histologic trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Feng
- Laser Aesthetic CenterPlastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ling Zhang
- Laser Aesthetic CenterPlastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jun Qi
- Laser Aesthetic CenterPlastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lvping Huang
- Laser Aesthetic CenterPlastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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15
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Liu Z, Yao Z, Jiang W, Wang J. Analysis of the influence of surgical robot drilling parameters on the temperature of skull drilling based on Box-Behnken design. Sci Prog 2023; 106:368504231180027. [PMID: 37292010 PMCID: PMC10450303 DOI: 10.1177/00368504231180027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is easy to cause thermal damage to the bone tissue when the surgical robot performs skull drilling to remove bone flaps, due to the large diameter of the drill bit, the large heat-generating area, and the long drilling time. Therefore, in order to reduce the thermal damage during the robot-assisted skull drilling process, the relationship between the drilling parameters and the drilling temperature during the skull drilling was studied in this paper. Firstly, a dynamic numerical simulation model of the skull drilling process was established by ABAQUS, and a temperature simulation plan for skull drilling was designed based on the Box-Behnken method. Then according to the simulation results, a quadratic regression model of drill diameter, feed rate, drill speed, and drilling temperature was established by using the multiple regression method. By analyzing the regression model, the influence of drilling parameters on the drilling temperature was clarified. Finally, the bone drilling experiment was carried out, and the error percentage was lower than 10.5% through the experiment to verify the reliability of the conclusion, and a safety strategy was proposed to ensure the safety of the surgical drilling process based on this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education (Tianjin University of Technology), Tianjin, China
| | - Zhancheng Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education (Tianjin University of Technology), Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education (Tianjin University of Technology), Tianjin, China
| | - Jutao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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16
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Wang Z, Ma Y, Yuan B, Wu C, Li C, Sun S. Development of Laser Processing Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3659. [PMID: 37050719 PMCID: PMC10098682 DOI: 10.3390/s23073659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to its exceptional advantages, such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, and good fatigue resistance, carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is frequently utilized in aerospace, aviation, automotive, rail transportation, and other areas. Composite components typically need to be joined and integrated. In the equipment manufacturing industry, the most used methods for processing composite components are cutting, drilling, and surface treatment. The quality of CFRP is significantly impacted by traditional mechanical processing, causing flaws like delamination, burrs, and tears. Laser processing technology has emerged as a crucial method for processing CFRP for its high quality, non-contact, simple control, and automation features. The most recent research on the laser processing of CFRP is presented in this paper, supporting scientists and engineers who work in the field in using this unconventional manufacturing technique. This paper gives a general overview of the key features of laser processing technology and the numerous machining techniques available. The concepts and benefits of laser processing technology are discussed in terms of the material properties, mode of operation, and laser characteristics, as well as the methods to achieve high efficiency, low damage, and high precision. This paper reviews the research development of laser processing of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, and a summary of the factors affecting the quality of CFRP laser processing. Therefore, the research content of this article can be used as a theoretical basis for reducing thermal damage and improving the processing quality of laser-processed composite materials, while, on this basis, we analyze the development trend of CFRP laser processing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghe Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Z.W.); (Y.M.); (B.Y.)
| | - Yao Ma
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Z.W.); (Y.M.); (B.Y.)
| | - Boshi Yuan
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Z.W.); (Y.M.); (B.Y.)
| | - Chunting Wu
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Z.W.); (Y.M.); (B.Y.)
| | - Changqing Li
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shuwei Sun
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Beijing 100012, China
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Chen C, Wang A, Zheng Z, Zhao Q, Shi Z, Bao Y. A Study on Drilling of CFRP/Ti Stacks: Temperature Field and Thermal Damage of the Interface Region. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16072586. [PMID: 37048880 PMCID: PMC10095450 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP)/titanium alloy (Ti) stacks have been widely used in aviation field due to the superior mechanical properties. During integrated drilling of CFRP/Ti stacks, serious damage occurs in the CFRP layer because of the disparate properties of two stack components. Heat accumulation and thermal induced damage are typical and critical issue during drilling stacks, especially in the interface region. In this study, in order to deeply analyze the thermal influence of the interface region, a numerical model based on the finite difference method is developed to predict the three-dimensional drilling temperature field. Experiments with accurate measurement point are conducted to valid the rational of temperature prediction model. The results confirm that the temperature distributions predicted by numerical study have good agreements with the experimental results and the maximum error is about 10.3%. Furtherly, based on the drilling experiments, it can be found that thermal damage induced by cutting heat occurs as discoloration rings around the hole which could cause the elastic modulus of resin matrix decrease. An empirical model of thermal damage with maximum drilling temperature of the interface region are developed with the correlation of R2 = 0.97. The findings point out that as the maximum drilling temperature exceeds 410 °C, serious thermal damage could occur in the resin matrix of CFRP layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Aixu Wang
- Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Zhanli Shi
- Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yongjie Bao
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
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18
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Strakas D, Dionysopoulos D, Tolidis K, Meister J. Evaluation of cutting efficiency and thermal damage during soft tissue surgery with 940 nm-diode laser: An ex vivo study. Lasers Surg Med 2023; 55:294-304. [PMID: 36740362 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate quantitatively the cutting efficiency and the thermal effects in the surrounding soft tissues of incisions that are induced by a 940 nm-diode laser with different power settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four gingival samples were prepared from the lower jaws of freshly slaughtered German-land race pigs and were randomly divided into 9 groups (n = 6) according to the adjusted output power (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6 W). Five incisions were implemented for each sample using a diode laser (940 nm) in continuous wave with an initiated tip resulting in 30 incisions for each experimental group utilizing a three-dimensional computer-controlled micropositioner. The samples were prepared for histometric evaluation using a transmitted light microscope. The cutting depth and width and the thermal damage were recorded for each sample and the efficiency factor γ was calculated. RESULTS The highest cutting efficiency (γz = 0.81 ± 0.03) exhibited the group with 5 W output power (p < 0.05), while the lowest (γz = 0.45 ± 0.11) showed the 1-W group (p < 0.05). Over 3.5 W there was a rapid increase in the size of thermal damage of the incisions, especially for 6 W, which presented the largest. CONCLUSIONS The most effective power parameters of diode laser (940 nm) for soft tissue surgery were from 3 to 5 W. The outcomes of the current study may help to establish clinical protocols for the use of diode lasers (940 nm) in soft tissue surgery in contact mode assisting dental professionals to achieve optimal clinical results and avoid complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Strakas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dionysopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kosmas Tolidis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jörg Meister
- Center of Dento-Maxilo-Facial Medicine, Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
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19
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Tu L, Zhou YU, Wang P, Wang H, Mao LIN, Hou J, Liu Z, Song C. Minimizing thermal damage using self-cooling jaws for radiofrequency intestinal tissue fusion. MINIM INVASIV THER 2023; 32:33-41. [PMID: 36519801 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2022.2155064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiofrequency (RF)-induced tissue fusion shows great potential in sealing intestinal tissue without foreign materials. To improve the performance of RF-induced tissue fusion, a novel self-cooling jaw has been designed to minimize thermal damage during the fusion. MATERIAL AND METHODS The prototype of self-cooling jaws was developed and manufactured. A total number of 60 mucosa-to-mucosa fusions were conducted using ex-vivo porcine intestinal segments with the proposed design and conventional bipolar jaws. The effects of intestinal fusion were evaluated based on temperature curves, burst pressure, thermal damage, and histological appearances. RESULTS The self-cooling jaws showed significant decrease in temperature during the fusion process. An optimal burst pressure (5.7 ± 0.5 kPa) and thermal damage range (0.9 ± 0.1 mm) were observed when the applied RF power was 100 W. The thermal damage range of the prototype has almost decreased 36% in comparison with the conventional bipolar jaws (1.4 ± 0.1 mm). The histological observation revealed that a decrease of thermal damage was achieved through the application of self-cooling jaws. CONCLUSIONS The self-cooling jaws were proved to be effective for reducing the thermal damage during RF-induced tissue fusion, which could potentially promote the clinical application of tissue fusion techniques in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyong Tu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Y U Zhou
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiyao Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - L I N Mao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Hou
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyue Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengli Song
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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20
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Wang Y, Cui J, Deng J, Zhou H. Experimental Study of Thermally Damaged Concrete under a Hygrothermal Environment by Using a Combined Infrared Thermal Imaging and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1040. [PMID: 36770046 PMCID: PMC9918911 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a combined inspection method for thermally damaged concrete under a hygrothermal environment. Experiments were conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Concrete samples with different water-cement ratios (W/C = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) and moisture contents (dried, 50% saturated, fully saturated) were exposed to elevated temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, infrared thermal imaging (IRT), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurements, and mechanical tests were carried out for the damaged concrete samples. The mechanical behavior of thermally damaged concrete with different degrees of water saturation was examined based on mechanical testing. The results show that water can affect the compressive strength and UPV of concrete under certain circumstances, and the residual strength and the heating temperature of the thermally damaged concrete can be evaluated by IRT and UPV measurements. When 50% saturated concrete specimens with a W/C ratio of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 are exposed to 200 °C, 12.6%, 27.4%, and 34.6% increases in normalized compressive strength were observed before dropping to approximately 40% at 800 °C. With various moisture contents, the normalized compressive strength variation can be up to 40% at 400 °C in cases with W/C = 0.5 and 0.7. As for UPV, it generally decreases with the increase in moisture content when the peak temperature is 800 °C. On the contrary, whether concrete is saturated or not, there is little difference in temperature change in IRT detection. To obtain a more precise evaluation of concrete structures, IRT can be used to scan a large area to determine the damaged concrete area and areas suspected to be damaged, while UPV could be used to detect concrete members in suspected areas after the completion of IRT scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of High-Speed Railway Construction Technology, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Jiajie Cui
- Logistic Management Office, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
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Chamani F, Pyle MM, Shrestha TB, Sebek J, Bossmann SH, Basel MT, Sheth RA, Prakash P. In Vitro Measurement and Mathematical Modeling of Thermally-Induced Injury in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36765619 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal therapies are under investigation as part of multi-modality strategies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In the present study, we determined the kinetics of thermal injury to pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and evaluated predictive models for thermal injury. Cell viability was measured in two murine pancreatic cancer cell lines (KPC, Pan02) and a normal fibroblast (STO) cell line following in vitro heating in the range 42.5-50 °C for 3-60 min. Based on measured viability data, the kinetic parameters of thermal injury were used to predict the extent of heat-induced damage. Of the three thermal injury models considered in this study, the Arrhenius model with time delay provided the most accurate prediction (root mean square error = 8.48%) for all cell lines. Pan02 and STO cells were the most resistant and susceptible to hyperthermia treatments, respectively. The presented data may contribute to studies investigating the use of thermal therapies as part of pancreatic cancer treatment strategies and inform the design of treatment planning strategies.
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Gangadhara B, Mariappan P. A vector finite element approach to temperature dependent parameters of microwave ablation for liver cancer. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2023; 39:e3661. [PMID: 36385734 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microwave ablation (MWA) is a minimally invasive treatment for cancer that uses electromagnetic waves to kill the tumor cells without significantly damaging the surrounding healthy cells. A three-state cell death model calculates the thermal damage around the Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor in the liver tissue. The temperature profile is simulated for a single-slot co-axial antenna with a 1 mm air slot located near the tip of the antenna to produce an adequate amount of heat. The aims of this study are (1) to use the vector/edge finite element method (VFEM) to simulate the electromagnetic wave propagation to obtain the specific absorption rate, which is an input for the bio-heat equation that predicts the heat distribution in the liver tissue during MWA treatment, and (2) to compare the computational costs of VFEM and the finite element method (FEM) when different types of input powers and dielectric properties are used in the wave propagation equation. This study claims that the accuracy level increases marginally with less computation cost while using VFEM for temperature-dependent wave propagation equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boregowda Gangadhara
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Chindepalle, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Panchatcharam Mariappan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Chindepalle, Andhra Pradesh, India
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23
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Sierra A, Corrales M, Kolvatzis M, Panthier F, Piñero A, Traxer O. Thermal Injury and Laser Efficiency with Holmium YAG and Thulium Fiber Laser-An In Vitro Study. J Endourol 2022; 36:1599-1606. [PMID: 35793107 DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate using an inanimate model the thermal injury and laser efficiency on high frequency, high energy, and its combination in hands of junior and experienced urologists during holmium YAG (Ho:YAG) and Thulium fiber laser (TFL) lithotripsy. Methods: A Cyber: Ho 150 WTM and Fiber Dust TFL (Quanta System) with 200 μm core-diameter laser fibers (LF) were used in a saline in vitro ureteral model. Each participant (five junior and five experienced urologists) performed 32 sessions of 5-minute lasering (125 mm3 phantom BegoStones™), comparing four modes (3 J/5 Hz [1.5 W], 0.3 J/20 Hz [6 W], 1.2 J/5 Hz [6 W], and 1.2 J/20 Hz [24 W]). Transparent tip and cleaved LF, and digital and fiberoptic ureteroscopes were also compared. Ureteral damage was classified in a scale (0-5) according to the burns and holes seen in the ureteral model's surface. Results: High-power (HP) setting (24 W) was associated with higher delivered energy and higher ablation rates (ARs) in both lasers (p < 0.001). For the same power setting (6 W), there was no difference in delivered energy or stone ARs. Regardless the settings, a higher AR was observed with TFL than with Ho:YAG (0.5Δ mg/s ± 0.33 vs 0.39 Δmg/s ± 0.31, p = 0.002) laser. Higher mean AR was found with cleaved tip vs transparent tip (p = 0.03) in TFL. For both lasers, higher ureteral damage was observed in the 24 W group (p = 0.006) and in the junior urologists (p = 0.03). Between 6 W groups, different types of lesions were found and junior urologist have more lesions when high frequency was used, for both Ho:YAG (p = 0.05) and TFL (p = 0.04). Conclusion: More stone ARs and reduced operative time are observed in HP settings; however, more ureteral thermic-related damage is produced. When comparing the same power, higher energy or frequency does not modify the AR. Nonetheless, more ureteral thermic-related thermal damage is observed in high-frequency settings in unexperienced hands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Sierra
- Sorbonne University, GRC Urolithiasis No. 20, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Urology, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Mariela Corrales
- Sorbonne University, GRC Urolithiasis No. 20, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Urology, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Merkourios Kolvatzis
- Sorbonne University, GRC Urolithiasis No. 20, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Urology, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Panthier
- Sorbonne University, GRC Urolithiasis No. 20, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Urology, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Adrià Piñero
- Sorbonne University, GRC Urolithiasis No. 20, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Urology, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Traxer
- Sorbonne University, GRC Urolithiasis No. 20, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Urology, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
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Kim D, Kim H. Study on the Optimal Treatment Condition Control of Photothermal Therapy under Various Cooling Time Ratios of Lasers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy is a treatment technique that has attracted attention as an alternative to conventional surgical techniques. It is based on the photothermal effect, wherein light energy is converted into thermal energy, and facilitates rapid recovery after treatment. This study employed various laser irradiation conditions and presented conditions with the optimal treatment effects through a numerical analysis based on heat transfer. A skin layer comprising four stages containing squamous cell carcinoma was targeted, and the treatment effect was confirmed by varying the heating conditions of the laser and volume fraction of gold nanoparticles. The therapeutic effect was confirmed through both the apoptosis retention ratio, which quantitatively estimated the degree of maintenance of the apoptosis temperature range within the tumor, and the thermal hazard retention value, which quantitatively calculates the amount of thermal damage to the surrounding normal tissues. Finally, the optimal treatment conditions were determined based on the laser intensity, cooling time ratio, and volume fraction of injected gold nanoparticles through numerical analysis.
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Candelaria MDE, Chua NMM, Kee SH. Evaluation of Heat-Induced Damage in Concrete Using Machine Learning of Ultrasonic Pulse Waves. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7914. [PMID: 36431399 PMCID: PMC9692534 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the applicability of using ultrasonic wave signals in detecting early fire damage in concrete. This study analyzed the reliability of using the linear (wave velocity) and nonlinear (coherence) parameters from ultrasonic pulse measurements and the applicability of machine learning in assessing the thermal damage of concrete cylinders. While machine learning has been used in some damage detections for concrete, its feasibility has not been fully investigated in classifying thermal damage. Data was collected from laboratory experiments using concrete specimens with three different water-to-binder ratios (0.54, 0.46, and 0.35). The specimens were subjected to different target temperatures (100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C, and 600 °C) and another set of cylinders was subjected to room temperature (20 °C) to represent the normal temperature condition. It was observed that P-wave velocities increased by 0.1% to 10.44% when the concretes were heated to 100 °C, and then decreased continuously until 600 °C by 48.46% to 65.80%. Conversely, coherence showed a significant decrease after exposure to 100 °C but had fluctuating values in the range of 0.110 to 0.223 thereafter. In terms of classifying the thermal damage of concrete, machine learning yielded an accuracy of 76.0% while the use of P-wave velocity and coherence yielded accuracies of 30.26% and 32.31%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Doreen Esplana Candelaria
- Department of ICT Integrated Ocean Smart Cities Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Institute of Civil Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Nhoja Marie Miranda Chua
- Department of ICT Integrated Ocean Smart Cities Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kee
- Department of ICT Integrated Ocean Smart Cities Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
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Prado MCO, Nwizu NN, Patel SA, Streckfus CF, Zezell DM, Barros J. Thermal damage and excision time of micro and super pulsed diode lasers: A comparative ex vivo analysis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1655-1663. [PMID: 36218194 PMCID: PMC9760131 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate thermal damage and cutting efficiency of micro and super pulsed diode lasers. The secondary aim was to suggest a guideline to perform simple surgical excisions adequate for histopathological evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten groups of 10 specimens of pig tongues were excised using a blade (G1), a micro pulsed (G2-G9), and a super pulsed diode (G10) lasers. Different output power, pulse duration, pulse interval, and duty cycle were tested. Quantitative measures of thermal damage and excision times were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The control group (G1) presented no thermal damage. Within the laser groups (G2-G10), no statistically significant differences in depth of thermal damage (µm) were noted. G3 showed significantly less area of thermal damage (mm2 ) when compared with G7 and G9 (p < .05). The median excision time of the control group and super pulsed diode laser group were significantly lower (p < .001) than the micro pulsed diode laser groups. CONCLUSIONS The cutting efficiency of the super pulsed diode laser is comparable to traditional blade, and with appropriate parameters, these lasers can produce predictable surgical outcomes with less collateral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariliza C. O. Prado
- Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and ApplicationsIPEN‐CNEN/SPSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ngozi N. Nwizu
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Shalizeh A. Patel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Charles F. Streckfus
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Denise Maria Zezell
- Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and ApplicationsIPEN‐CNEN/SPSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Juliana Barros
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
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Dantas E, Orlande HRB, Dulikravich GS. Thermal ablation effects on rotors that characterize functional re-entry cardiac arrhythmia. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2022; 38:e3614. [PMID: 35543287 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermal ablation is a well-established successful treatment for cardiac arrhythmia, but it still presents limitations that require further studies and developments. In the rotor-driven functional re-entry arrhythmia, tissue heterogeneity results on the generation of spiral/scroll waves and wave break dynamics that may cause dangerous sustainable fibrillation. The selection of the target region to perform thermal ablation to mitigate this type of arrhythmia is challenging, since it considerably affects the local electrophysiology dynamics. This work deals with the numerical simulation of the thermal ablation of a cardiac muscle tissue and its effects on the dynamics of rotor-driven functional re-entry arrhythmia. A non-homogeneous two-dimensional rectangular region is used in the present numerical analysis, where radiofrequency ablation is performed. The electrophysiology problem for the propagation of the action potential in the cardiac tissue is simulated with the Fenton-Karma model. Thermal damage caused to the tissue by the radiofrequency heating is modeled by the Arrhenius equation. The effects of size and position of a heterogeneous region in the original muscle tissue were first analyzed, in order to verify the possible existence of the functional re-entry arrhythmia during the time period considered in the simulations. For each case that exhibited re-entry arrhythmia, six different ablation procedures were analyzed, depending on the position of the radiofrequency electrode and heating time. The obtained results revealed the effects of different model parameters on the existence and possible mitigation of the functional re-entry arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eber Dantas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politécnica/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helcio R B Orlande
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politécnica/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - George S Dulikravich
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, MAIDROC Lab., Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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Zhang W, Lin Y. Modified method of cervical conization with hybrid use of a cold knife and an electric knife for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221106414. [PMID: 35726589 PMCID: PMC9218449 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221106414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the feasibility and surgical outcome of the modified method of cervical conization with hybrid use of a cold knife and an electric knife. Methods A retrospective analysis of cervical conization for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was performed between January 2020 and December 2020. Traditional cold knife conization and modified conization were used. The clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between these methods. Results Ninety-two patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were included. Traditional conization was performed in 46 patients, and the modified method was used in 46 patients. There were no differences in clinical characteristics, such as age, menopausal status, and conization height, between the methods. Intraoperative blood loss with the modified method was significantly lower than that with traditional conization (27.6 ± 4.7 vs 51.3 ± 18.3 mL). Postoperative vaginal bleeding requiring emergent measures, such as prolonged gauze compression, sutures, or electrocautery, was significantly less with the modified method than with traditional conization (4.3% vs 17.4%). A median follow-up of 10.2 months showed no significant difference in persistence or recurrence between the methods. Conclusions The modified method of cervical conization with hybrid use of cold and electric knives may be a good alternative to traditional cold knife conization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315012, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315012, China
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Kim D, Kim H. Optimization of Photothermal Therapy Treatment Effect under Various Laser Irradiation Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115928. [PMID: 35682607 PMCID: PMC9180462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The photothermal effect refers to a phenomenon in which light energy is converted into heat energy, and in the medical field, therapeutics based on this phenomenon are used for anticancer treatment. A new treatment technique called photothermal therapy kills tumor tissue through a temperature increase and has the advantages of no bleeding and fast recovery. In this study, the results of photothermal therapy for squamous cell carcinoma in the skin layer were analyzed numerically for different laser profiles, intensities, and radii and various concentrations of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). According to the heat-transfer theory, the temperature distribution in the tissue was calculated for the conditions under which photothermal therapy was performed, and the therapeutic effect was quantitatively confirmed through three apoptotic variables. In addition, the laser intensity and the volume fraction of AuNPs were optimized, and the results provide useful criteria for optimizing the treatment effects in photothermal therapy.
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Ran T, Lin C, Ma T, Qin Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Li C, Wang M. Ultra-Pulsed CO 2 Laser Osteotomy: A New Method for the Bone Preparation of Total Knee Arthroplasty. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:858862. [PMID: 35573227 PMCID: PMC9096707 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.858862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can achieve long-term biological fixation, but its application is limited by the risk of early aseptic loosening. One of the important reasons for early aseptic loosening is that mechanical osteotomy tools cannot achieve ideal bone preparation because of poor accuracy and serious bone tissue damage produced by them. Therefore, we designed an ultra-pulsed CO2 laser osteotomy system to solve these problems. To reveal the safety at the tissue and cell levels of the ultra-pulsed CO2 laser osteotomy system, a series of experiments on distal femur osteotomy in animals were performed. Then, the bone surface characteristics were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, and the bone thermal and mechanical damage was evaluated via histological analysis. Finally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were inoculated on the bone surfaces prepared by the two osteotomy tools, and the effect of cell adhesion was analyzed through a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). We successfully achieved TKA bone preparation of animal knees with the ultra-pulsed CO2 laser osteotomy system. Moreover, the biological evaluation results indicated that compared with the traditional mechanical saw, the laser can preserve the natural bone structure and cause no thermal damage to the bone. In addition, CLSM examination results showed that the laser-cut bone surface was more conducive to cell adhesion and infiltration than the bone surface cut by a mechanical saw. Overall, these results indicate that ultra-pulsed CO2 laser can achieve non-invasive bone cutting, which can be a new option for TKA bone preparation and has the potential to lead in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfei Ran
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanchuan Lin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Amy Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tianying Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinyin Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wiedl S, Karlinger P, Schemme M, List M, Ruckdäschel H. Comparison of Melting Processes for WPC and the Resulting Differences in Thermal Damage, Emissions and Mechanics. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:3393. [PMID: 35591727 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The necessity for resource-efficient manufacturing technologies requires new developments within the field of plastic processing. Lightweight design using wood fibers as sustainable reinforcement for thermoplastics might be one solution. The processing of wood fibers requires special attention to the applied thermal load. Even at low processing temperatures, the influence of the dwell time, temperature and shear force is critical to ensure the structural integrity of fibers. Therefore, this article compares different compounding rates for polypropylene with wood fibers and highlights their effects on the olfactory, visual and mechanical properties of the injection-molded part. The study compares one-step processing, using an injection-molding compounder (IMC), with two-step processing, using a twin-scew-extruder (TSE), a heating/cooling mixer (HCM) and an internal mixer (IM) with subsequent injection molding. Although the highest fiber length was achieved by using the IMC, the best mechanical properties were achieved by the HCM and IM. The measured oxidation induction time and volatile organic compound content indicate that the lowest amount of thermal damage occurred when using the HCM and IM. The advantage of one-time melting was evened out by the dwell time. The reinforcement of thermoplastics by wood fibers depends more strongly on the structural integrity of the fibers compared to their length and homogeneity.
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Kim D, Kim H. Numerical Study on Death of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Various Shapes of Gold Nanoparticles Using Photothermal Therapy. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22041671. [PMID: 35214586 PMCID: PMC8880560 DOI: 10.3390/s22041671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to increased exposure to ultraviolet radiation caused by increased outdoor activities, the incidence of skin cancer is increasing. Incision is the most typical method for treating skin cancer, and various treatments that can minimize the risks of incision surgery are being investigated. Among them, photothermal therapy is garnering attention because it does not cause bleeding and affords rapid recovery. In photothermal therapy, tumor death is induced via temperature increase. In this study, a numerical study based on heat transfer theory was conducted to investigate the death of squamous cell carcinoma located in the skin layer based on various shapes of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) used in photothermal therapy. The quantitative correlation between the conditions of various AuNPs and the laser intensity that yields the optimal photothermal treatment effect was derived using the effective apoptosis ratio. It was confirmed that optimal conditions exist for maximizing apoptosis within a tumor tissue and minimizing the thermal damage to surrounding normal tissues when using AuNPs under various conditions. Furthermore, it is envisioned that research result will be utilized as a standard for photothermal treatment in the future.
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Zhang M, Gao Y, Zhang X, Ding Z, Wang X, Jiang W, Zhao C. Evaluation of efficacy of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in primary hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Ultrasound 2022; 50:227-235. [PMID: 34984687 PMCID: PMC9303728 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasonographically (US)-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). METHODS A total of 35 patients who received MWA treatment in our hospital between August, 2019 and January, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus levels, and improvement in clinical symptoms were recorded before and after MWA. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Paired-sample t-tests and paired sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to indicate PTH, calcium, and P levels before and after ablation. Postoperative complications were statistically analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MWA on PHPT patients. RESULTS A total of 38 parathyroid nodules in 35 PHPT patients were completely ablated at one time. These results indicated that MWA could effectively destroy parathyroid tissue and decrease the concentrations of PTH, calcium, and phosphorus compared with those before MWA, and the effect was sustained. Moreover, MWA improved clinical symptoms, and improved quality of life of patients. None of patients developed tracheal and esophageal injuries, peripheral hematoma, infection, or other serious complications. CONCLUSION US-guided MWA has shown to be an effective and safe approach to treat PHPT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Zhang
- Department of Abdominal UltrasoundThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Yuxiu Gao
- Department of Abdominal UltrasoundThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Abdominal UltrasoundThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Zhaoyan Ding
- Department of Abdominal UltrasoundThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Xinya Wang
- Department of Abdominal UltrasoundThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Health Management CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Abdominal UltrasoundThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
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Sebek J, Cappiello G, Rahmani G, Zeinali N, Keating M, Fayemiwo M, Harkin J, McDaid L, Gardiner B, Sheppard D, Senanayake R, Gurnell M, O’Halloran M, Dennedy MC, Prakash P. Image-based computer modeling assessment of microwave ablation for treatment of adrenal tumors. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:1264-1275. [PMID: 36137605 PMCID: PMC9820798 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2125590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the feasibility of delivering microwave ablation for targeted treatment of aldosterone producing adenomas using image-based computational models. METHODS We curated an anonymized dataset of diagnostic 11C-metomidate PET/CT images of 14 patients with aldosterone producing adenomas (APA). A semi-automated approach was developed to segment the APA, adrenal gland, and adjacent organs within 2 cm of the APA boundary. The segmented volumes were used to implement patient-specific 3D electromagnetic-bioheat transfer models of microwave ablation with a 2.45 GHz directional microwave ablation applicator. Ablation profiles were quantitatively assessed based on the extent of the APA target encompassed by an ablative thermal dose, while limiting thermal damage to the adjacent normal adrenal tissue and sensitive critical structures. RESULTS Across the 14 patients, adrenal tumor volumes ranged between 393 mm3 and 2,395 mm3. On average, 70% of the adrenal tumor volumes received an ablative thermal dose of 240CEM43, while limiting thermal damage to non-target structures, and thermally sparing 83.5-96.4% of normal adrenal gland. Average ablation duration was 293 s (range: 60-600 s). Simulations indicated coverage of the APA with an ablative dose was limited when the axis of the ablation applicator was not well aligned with the major axis of the targeted APA. CONCLUSIONS Image-based computational models demonstrate the potential for delivering microwave ablation to APA targets within the adrenal gland, while limiting thermal damage to surrounding non-target structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sebek
- Mike Wiegers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Grazia Cappiello
- Translational Medical Devices Lab, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - George Rahmani
- Department of Radiology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Republic Ireland
| | - Nooshin Zeinali
- Mike Wiegers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Muireann Keating
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic Ireland
| | - Michael Fayemiwo
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Jim Harkin
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Liam McDaid
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Bryan Gardiner
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Declan Sheppard
- Department of Radiology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Republic Ireland
| | | | - Mark Gurnell
- Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin O’Halloran
- Translational Medical Devices Lab, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - M. Conall Dennedy
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic Ireland
| | - Punit Prakash
- Mike Wiegers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.,Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Punit Prakash, 3078 Engineering Hall, 1701D Platt St, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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Zhong Y, Wei Y, Min N, Guan Q, Zhao J, Zhu J, Hu H, Geng R, Hong C, Ji Y, Li J, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Li X. Comparative healing of swine skin following incisions with different surgical devices. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:1514. [PMID: 34790720 PMCID: PMC8576679 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Electrosurgical technology is widely used in surgical dissection and hemostasis, but the generated heat creates thermal injury to adjacent tissues and delays wound healing. The plasma blade (PB) applies pulsed radiofrequency (RF) to generate electrical plasma along the edge of a thin, flat, insulated electrode, minimizing collateral tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate wound healing in swine skin following incision with a new surgical system that applies low-temperature plasma (NTS-100), a foreign PB, conventional electrosurgery (ES), and a scalpel blade. Methods In vitro porcine skin and an in vivo porcine skin model were used in this study. Full-thickness skin incisions 3 cm in length were made on the dorsum of each animal for each of the 5 surgical procedures at 0, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. The timing of the surgical procedures allowed for wound-healing data points at 1, 2, 3, and 6 weeks accordingly. Local operating temperature and blood loss were quantified. Wounds were harvested at designated time points, tested for wound tensile strength, and examined histologically for scar formation and tissue damage. Results Local operating temperature was reduced significantly with NTS-100 (cut mode 83.12±23.55 °C; coagulation mode 90.07±10.6 °C) compared with PB (cut mode 94.46±11.48 °C; coagulation mode 100.23±6.58 °C, P<0.05) and ES (cut mode 208.99±34.33 °C, P<0.01; coagulation mode 233.37±28.69 °C, P<0.01) in vitro. Acute thermal damage from NTS-100 was significantly less than ES incisions (cut mode: 247.345±42.274 versus 495.295±103.525 µm, P<0.01; coagulation mode: 351.419±127.948 versus 584.516±31.708 µm, P<0.05). Bleeding, histological scoring of injury, and wound strength were equivalent for the NTS-100 and PB incisions. Conclusions The local operating temperature of NTS-100 was lower than PB, and NTS-100 had similarly reliable safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhong
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufan Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Min
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyu Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junyong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huayu Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Geng
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyan Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yashuang Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqiong Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiru Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Liu RJ, Dong JY, Wang MW, Yuan QL, Ji WY, Xu JC, Liu WW, Su SC, Ng KW, Tang ZK, Wang SP. Efficiency Improvement of Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes via Thermal Damage Suppression with HATCN. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:49058-49065. [PMID: 34633792 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With many advantages including superior color saturation and efficiency, quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are considered a promising candidate for the next-generation displays. Emission uniformity over the entire device area is a critical factor to the overall performance and reliability of QLEDs. In this work, we performed a thorough study on the origin of dark spots commonly observed in operating QLEDs and developed a strategy to eliminate these defects. Using advanced cross section fabrication and imaging techniques, we discovered the occurrence of voids in the organic hole transport layer and directly correlated them to the observed emission nonuniformity. Further investigations revealed that these voids are thermal damages induced during the subsequent thermal deposition of other functional layers and can act as leakage paths in the device. By inserting a thermo-tolerant 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HATCN) interlayer with an optimized thickness, the thermally induced dark spots can be completely suppressed, leading to a current efficiency increase by 18%. We further demonstrated that such a thermal passivation strategy can work universally for various types of organic layers with low thermal stability. Our findings here provide important guidance in enhancing the performances and reliability of QLEDs and also other sandwich-structured devices via the passivation of heat-sensitive layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jun Liu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Meng-Wei Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Qi-Lin Yuan
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
- Key Lab of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wen-Yu Ji
- Key Lab of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Xu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Shi-Chen Su
- Institute of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511517, China
| | - Kar-Wei Ng
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Zi-Kang Tang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Shuang-Peng Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
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De Landro M, Felli E, Collins T, Nkusi R, Baiocchini A, Barberio M, Orrico A, Pizzicannella M, Hostettler A, Diana M, Saccomandi P. Prediction of In Vivo Laser-Induced Thermal Damage with Hyperspectral Imaging Using Deep Learning. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:6934. [PMID: 34696147 DOI: 10.3390/s21206934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Thermal ablation is an acceptable alternative treatment for primary liver cancer, of which laser ablation (LA) is one of the least invasive approaches, especially for tumors in high-risk locations. Precise control of the LA effect is required to safely destroy the tumor. Although temperature imaging techniques provide an indirect measurement of the thermal damage, a degree of uncertainty remains about the treatment effect. Optical techniques are currently emerging as tools to directly assess tissue thermal damage. Among them, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has shown promising results in image-guided surgery and in the thermal ablation field. The highly informative data provided by HSI, associated with deep learning, enable the implementation of non-invasive prediction models to be used intraoperatively. Here we show a novel paradigm “peak temperature prediction model” (PTPM), convolutional neural network (CNN)-based, trained with HSI and infrared imaging to predict LA-induced damage in the liver. The PTPM demonstrated an optimal agreement with tissue damage classification providing a consistent threshold (50.6 ± 1.5 °C) for the damage margins with high accuracy (~0.90). The high correlation with the histology score (r = 0.9085) and the comparison with the measured peak temperature confirmed that PTPM preserves temperature information accordingly with the histopathological assessment.
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Kim D, Kim H. Induction of Apoptotic Temperature in Photothermal Therapy under Various Heating Conditions in Multi-Layered Skin Structure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011091. [PMID: 34681748 PMCID: PMC8538441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, photothermal therapy has attracted attention as an alternative treatment to conventional surgical techniques because it does not lead to bleeding and patients quickly recover after treatment compared to incisional surgery. Photothermal therapy induces tumor cell death through an increase in the temperature using the photothermal effect, which converts light energy into thermal energy. This study was conducted to perform numerical analysis based on heat transfer to induce apoptosis of tumor tissue under various heating conditions in photothermal therapy. The Monte Carlo method was applied to evaluate a multi-layered skin structure containing squamous cell carcinoma. Tissue-equivalent phantom experiments verified the numerical model. Based on the effective apoptosis retention ratio, the numerical analysis results showed the quantitative correlation for the laser intensity, volume fraction of gold nanorods injected into the tumor, and cooling time. This study reveals optimal conditions for maximizing apoptosis within tumor tissue while minimizing thermal damage to surrounding tissues under various heating conditions. This approach may be useful as a standard treatment when performing photothermal therapy.
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Barnat N, Grisey A, Gerold B, Yon S, Anquez J, Aubry JF. Vein wall shrinkage induced by thermal coagulation with high-intensity-focused ultrasound: numerical modeling and in vivo experiments in sheep. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 37:1238-1247. [PMID: 33164625 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1834626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicose veins are a common disease that may significantly affect quality of life. Different approaches are currently used in clinical practice to treat this pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS In thermal therapy (radiofrequency or laser therapy), the vein is directly heated to a high temperature to induce vein wall coagulation, and the heat induces denaturation of the intramural collagen, which results macroscopically in vein shrinkage. Thermal vein shrinkage is a physical indicator of the efficiency of endovenous treatment. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a noninvasive technique that can thermally coagulate vein walls and induce vein shrinkage. In this study, we evaluated the vein shrinkage induced in vivo by extracorporeal HIFU ablation of sheep veins: six lateral saphenous veins (3.4mm mean diameter) were sonicated for 8 s with 3MHz continuous waves. Ultrasound imaging was performed before and immediately post-HIFU to quantify the HIFU-induced shrinkage. RESULTS Luminal constriction was observed in 100% (6/6) of the treated veins. The immediate findings showed a mean diameter constriction of 53%. The experimental HIFU-induced shrinkage data were used to validate a numerical model developed to predict the thermally induced vein contraction during HIFU treatment. CONCLUSIONS This model is based on the use of the k-wave library and published contraction rates of vessels immersed in hot water baths. The simulation results agreed well with those of in vivo experiments, showing a mean percent difference of 5%. The numerical model could thus be a valuable tool for optimizing ultrasound parameters as functions of the vein diameter, and future clinical trials are anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Barnat
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Theraclion, Malakoff, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean-François Aubry
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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Pan J, Tan H, Shi J, Wang Z, Sterkers O, Jia H, Wu H. Thermal Safety of Endoscopic Usage in Robot-Assisted Middle Ear Surgery: An Experimental Study. Front Surg 2021; 8:659688. [PMID: 34055869 PMCID: PMC8160440 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.659688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The widespread application of endoscopic ear surgery (EES), performed through the external auditory canal, has revealed the limitations of the one-handed technique. The RobOtol® (Collin ORL, Bagneux, France) otological robotic system has been introduced to enable two-handed procedures; however, the thermal properties of dedicated endoscopes, which are usually used in neurosurgery, called "neuro-endoscopes," have not yet been clarified for the robotic systems. In this study, we aimed to profile the thermal characteristics of two dedicated neuro-endoscopes, as compared to endoscopes used routinely in manual EES, called "oto-endoscopes," and defined by a smaller diameter and shorter length, and to discuss the safe application of robotic assistance in EES. Methods: Two neuro-endoscopes (3.3 mm, 25 cm, 0°/30°) were studied using two routine light sources (LED/xenon), and two routine oto-endoscopes (3 mm, 14 cm, 0°/30°) were initially measured to provide a comprehensive comparison. Light intensities and temperatures were measured at different power settings. The thermal distributions were measured in an open environment and a human temporal bone model of EES. The cooling measures were also studied. Results: Light intensity was correlated with stabilized tip temperatures (P < 0.01, R 2 = 0.8719). Under 100% xenon power, the stabilized temperatures at the tips of 0°, 30° neuro-endoscopes, and 0°, 30° oto-endoscopes were 96.1, 60.1, 67.8, and 56.4°C, respectively. With 100% LED power, the temperatures decreased by about 10°C, respectively. For the 0° neuro-endoscope, the illuminated area far away 1cm from the tip was below 37°C when using more than 50% both power, while this distance for 30° neuro-endoscope was 0.5 cm. In the EES temporal bone model, the round window area could reach 59.3°C with the 0° neuro-endoscope under 100% xenon power. Suction resulted in a ~1-2°C temperature drop, while a 10 mL saline rinse gave a baseline temperature which lasted for 2.5 min. Conclusion: Neuro-endoscope causes higher thermal releasing in the surgical cavity of ESS, which should be especially cautious in the robotic system usage. Applying submaximal light intensity, a LED source and intermittent rinsing should be considered for the safer robot-assisted EES using a neuro-endoscope that allows a two-handed surgical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyue Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Olivier Sterkers
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,APHP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Pitié Salpêtrière, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Unit of Otology, Auditory Implants and Skull Base Surgery, Paris, France
| | - Huan Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Horikoshi S, Arai Y, Serpone N. In Search of the Driving Factor for the Microwave Curing of Epoxy Adhesives and for the Protection of the Base Substrate against Thermal Damage. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082240. [PMID: 33924444 PMCID: PMC8069247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used controlled microwaves to elucidate the response of adhesive components to microwaves and examined the advantages of microwave radiation in curing epoxy adhesives. Curing of adhesives with microwaves proceeded very rapidly, even though each component of the adhesive was not efficiently heated by the microwaves. The reason the adhesive cured rapidly is that microwave heating was enhanced by the electrically charged (ionic) intermediates produced by the curing reaction. In contrast, the cured adhesive displayed lower microwave absorption and lower heating efficiency, suggesting that the cured adhesive stopped heating even if it continued to be exposed to microwaves. This is a definite advantage in the curing of adhesives with microwaves, as, for example, adhesives dropped onto polystyrene could be cured using microwave heating without degrading the polystyrene base substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Horikoshi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3238-4662
| | - Yuhei Arai
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan;
| | - Nick Serpone
- PhotoGreen Laboratory, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Li X, Li J, Cui X, Hu X, Yu P, Sun G. The Thermal Damage of Canine Vocal Fold by CO 2 Laser Under Different Laser Emission Mode. Ear Nose Throat J 2021; 101:17S-23S. [PMID: 33719628 DOI: 10.1177/0145561321999262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to review the differences between continuous wave (CW) and UltraPulse (UP) on thermal damage of the laser with different power. METHODS Four adult beagle dogs underwent transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) using CO2 laser. The laser emission mode and power was CW (3 W, 5 W, and 8 W) and UP (3 W and 5 W), respectively. The tissue from 4 animals was evaluated histologically on postoperative days 1 and 3. The thermal damage of the laser was measured using slide scan system via SlideViewer version 1.5.5.2 software. RESULTS All dogs underwent TLM uneventfully. Under microscope examined, the laser damage area was composed of 2 parts: the vaporized zone (VPZ) and thermal damage area. The thermal damage area can be divided into thermal coagulative necrosis area (TCN) and hydropic degeneration area. The width of VPZ and TCN in UP mode was less than that in CW mode (P < .01). The data indicate that lower laser power created less thermal damage (P < .01). In addition, the width of VPZ on postoperative day 3 was less than that on postoperative day 1 (P < .01). CONCLUSION CO2 laser with UP and lower power could decrease the laser thermal damage and may offer more prompt wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumao Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xidong Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqi Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbin Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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De Landro M, Espíritu García-Molina I, Barberio M, Felli E, Agnus V, Pizzicannella M, Diana M, Zappa E, Saccomandi P. Hyperspectral Imagery for Assessing Laser-Induced Thermal State Change in Liver. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21020643. [PMID: 33477656 PMCID: PMC7831494 DOI: 10.3390/s21020643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the potential of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to monitor the thermal outcome of laser ablation therapy used for minimally invasive tumor removal. Our main goal is the establishment of indicators of the thermal damage of living tissues, which can be used to assess the effect of the procedure. These indicators rely on the spectral variation of temperature-dependent tissue chromophores, i.e., oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, and water. Laser treatment was performed at specific temperature thresholds (from 60 to 110 °C) on in-vivo animal liver and was assessed with a hyperspectral camera (500-995 nm) during and after the treatment. The indicators were extracted from the hyperspectral images after the following processing steps: the breathing motion compensation and the spectral and spatial filtering, the selection of spectral bands corresponding to specific tissue chromophores, and the analysis of the areas under the curves for each spectral band. Results show that properly combining spectral information related to deoxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, lipids, and water allows for the segmenting of different zones of the laser-induced thermal damage. This preliminary investigation provides indicators for describing the thermal state of the liver, which can be employed in the future as clinical endpoints of the procedure outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina De Landro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy; (M.D.L.); (I.E.G.-M.); (E.Z.)
| | | | - Manuel Barberio
- IHU-Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (M.B.); (E.F.); (V.A.); (M.P.); (M.D.)
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Card. G. Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy
| | - Eric Felli
- IHU-Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (M.B.); (E.F.); (V.A.); (M.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Vincent Agnus
- IHU-Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (M.B.); (E.F.); (V.A.); (M.P.); (M.D.)
| | | | - Michele Diana
- IHU-Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (M.B.); (E.F.); (V.A.); (M.P.); (M.D.)
- Research Institute against Cancer of the Digestive System IRCAD, 67091 Strasbourg, France
- ICube Laboratory, Photonics Instrumentation for Health, 67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Emanuele Zappa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy; (M.D.L.); (I.E.G.-M.); (E.Z.)
| | - Paola Saccomandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy; (M.D.L.); (I.E.G.-M.); (E.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Ortner VK, Sahu A, Haedersdal M, Rajadhyaksha M, Rossi AM. Assessment of laser-induced thermal damage in fresh skin with ex vivo confocal microscopy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 84:e19-e21. [PMID: 32948344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinzent Kevin Ortner
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiskberg, Denmark.
| | - Aditi Sahu
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiskberg, Denmark
| | - Milind Rajadhyaksha
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anthony Mario Rossi
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Tu L, Zhou Y, Song C, Li Y, Chen L, Xue Y. Preliminary study of a control algorithm for radio-frequency-induced intestinal tissue fusion. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 36:1297-1306. [PMID: 31856611 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2019.1702723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: A control algorithm for radio-frequency-induced intestinal tissue fusion was developed to explore the effects of different control parameters on intestinal tissue fusion.Materials and methods: Radio-frequency-induced fusion was performed on ex vivo small intestine tissue. The effect on the fusion was observed by changing the control parameters (power, interval time, and terminal impedance) in the algorithm. The quality of fusion was evaluated using the burst pressure and thermal damage measurement. Histological evaluation was used to assess the fusion quality indirectly.Results: A maximum burst pressure of 8.460 ± 0.2674 KPa was acquired when the power was set to 100 W, the interval time was set to 2000 ms, and the terminal impedance was set to 50 Ω. Moreover, the thermal damage range increased with an increase in power but decreased with an increase in the interval time and terminal impedance. Furthermore, the thermal damage range and temperature were presumably related.Conclusions: For an ex vivo small intestine tissue, the appropriate control parameters could be set when the power was approximately 100 W, the interval time was approximately 2000 ms, and the terminal impedance was approximately 50 Ω. This study could provide a basis for the selection of control parameters for intestinal tissue fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyong Tu
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengli Song
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinmin Xue
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Youssef HM, Alghamdi NA. Characterization of Thermal Damage Due to Two-Temperature High-Order Thermal Lagging in a Three-Dimensional Biological Tissue Subjected to a Rectangular Laser Pulse. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E922. [PMID: 32316198 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of lasers and thermal transfers on the skin is fundamental in medical and clinical treatments. In this paper, we constructed and applied bioheat transfer equations in the context of a two-temperature heat conduction model in order to discuss the three-dimensional variation in the temperature of laser-irradiated biological tissue. The amount of thermal damage in the tissue was calculated using the Arrhenius integral. Mathematical difficulties were encountered in applying the equations. As a result, the Laplace and Fourier transform technique was employed, and solutions for the conductive temperature and dynamical temperature were obtained in the Fourier transform domain.
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Rong HT, Liu DW. Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs associated with thermal injury in epidermal stem cells based on RNA-sequencing. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2218-2228. [PMID: 32104287 PMCID: PMC7027234 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research indicates that epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) play an important role in promoting wound healing, but the mechanism of action of these cells during wound repair following thermal damage remains unclear. In the present study, the trypsin digestion method was used to isolate human EpSCs and the cells were incubated in a 51.5°C water tank for 35 sec to construct a thermal injury model. The differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using high-throughput sequencing technology, and bioinformatic methods were used to predict their target genes and signaling pathways that may be involved in wound repair. A total of 33 miRNAs including, hsa-miR-1973, hsa-miR-4485-3p, hsa-miR-548-5p, hsa-miR-212-3p and hsa-miR-4461 were upregulated, whereas 21 miRNAs including, hsa-miR-4520-5p, hsa-miR-4661-5p, hsa-miR-191-3p, hsa-miR-129-5p, hsa-miR-147b and hsa-miR-6868-3p were downregulated following thermal injury of the human EpSCs. The bioinformatic analysis indicated that the differentially expressed miRNAs are involved in biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, cell growth apoptosis, cell adhesion and migration. The results showed that there is a differential expression pattern of miRNAs after thermal injury of human EpSCs and these differences are involved in the regulation of the wound healing process. These findings provide new clues for further study of the wound healing mechanism and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Rong
- Burns Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - De-Wu Liu
- Burns Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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O'Brien TJ, Lorenzo MF, Zhao Y, Neal Ii RE, Robertson JL, Goldberg SN, Davalos RV. Cycled pulsing to mitigate thermal damage for multi-electrode irreversible electroporation therapy. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 36:953-963. [PMID: 31542973 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2019.1657187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluates the effects of various pulsing paradigms, on the irreversible electroporation (IRE) lesion, induced electric current, and temperature changes using a perfused porcine liver model. Materials and methods: A 4-monopolar electrode array delivered IRE therapy varying the pulse length and inter-pulse delay to six porcine mechanically perfused livers. Pulse paradigms included six forms of cycled pulsing schemes and the conventional pulsing scheme. Finite element models provided further insight into the effects of cycled pulsing on the temperature and thermal injury distribution. Results: 'Single pulse cycle with no interpulse delay' deposited maximum average energy (2.34 ± 0.35 kJ) and produced the largest ratio of thermally damaged tissue area and IRE ablation area from all other pulse schemes (18.22% ± 8.11, p < .0001 all pairwise comparisons). These compared favorably to the conventional algorithm (2.09 ± 0.37 kJ, 3.49% ± 2.20, p < .0001, all comparisons). Though no statistical significance was found between groups, the '5 pulse cycle, 0 s delay' pulse paradigm produced the largest average IRE ablation cross sectional area (11.81 ± 1.97 cm2), while conventional paradigm yielded an average of 8.90 ± 0.91 cm2. Finite element modeling indicated a '10 pulse cycle, 10 s delay' generated the least thermal tissue damage and '1 pulse cycle, 0 s delay' pulse cycle sequence the most (0.47 vs. 3.76 cm2), over a lengthier treatment time (16.5 vs. 6.67 minutes). Conclusions: Subdividing IRE pulses and adding delays throughout the treatment can reduce white tissue coagulation and electric current, while maintaining IRE treatment sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J O'Brien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA , USA
| | - Melvin F Lorenzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA , USA
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA , USA
| | | | - John L Robertson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA , USA
| | - S Nahum Goldberg
- Department of Radiology , Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA , USA
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Tinoco A, Gonçalves J, Silva C, Cavaco-Paulo A, Ribeiro A. Crystallin Fusion Proteins Improve the Thermal Properties of Hair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:298. [PMID: 31709253 PMCID: PMC6823552 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Styling hair with straightening irons is a popular daily hair routine that significantly damage the hair keratin fiber due to the high temperature applied. In this study, we investigate the effect of two fusion proteins based on the human eye γD-crystallin conjugated with a keratin-based peptide (KP-Cryst Wt and KP-Cryst Mut) on hair exposed to thermal damage. The mutant form was designed to improve protein stability and promote interaction with the hair. Through the study, it was demonstrated the protection of Asian and Caucasian virgin hair's structure by the pretreatments with the KP-Cryst fusion proteins. After hair thermal exposure, a higher water content was quantified by TGA on the hair fibers pretreated with the fusion proteins (about 38% for the KP-Cryst Wt and 44% for the KP-Cryst Mut). Also, negligible alterations in hair fibers' stiffness were observed after iron application, demonstrating the proteins capacity to effectively prevent the conversion of keratin α-helix structure into β-sheets. The results proved the capacity of the fusion proteins to bind to hair and protect it against high temperatures', supporting the development of new formulations based on the KP-Cryst proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tinoco
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - José Gonçalves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Artur Ribeiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Fan Z, Duan W, Zhang X, Mei X, Wang W, Cui J. Influence of Preheating on the Microstructure Evolution of Laser Re-Melting Thermal Barrier Coatings/Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloy Multilayer System. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E3088. [PMID: 31546710 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Laser surface re-melting (LSR) is a well-known method to improve the properties of atmospheric plasma-spraying thermal barrier coatings (APS TBCs) by eliminating the voids, incompletely melted particles and layered-structure. Laser energy density should be carefully selected to reduce the exposed thermal damage of the underlying single crystal (SX) matrix. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to identify the effect of introducing induction heating to laser modifying of APS TBCs coated on Ni-based SX superalloy. The results indicated that the preheating of the substrate can lower the laser energy threshold that is required for continuously re-melting the coating. It proved that, in LSR processing of a APS TBCs/ SX matrix multilayer system, the combined method of adopting the low laser energy and preheating at elevated temperature is an effective means of minimizing the cracking susceptibility of top ceramic coating, resulting from decreasing the mismatch strain between the re-melted layer and residual APS TBCs, which can significantly improve the segmented crack condition in terms of crack dimension and crack density. Moreover, this combined method can remarkably lower heat input into an SX matrix and correspondingly the interface stored energy induced by pulsed laser thermal shock, which can effectively lower the tendency for surface recrystallization after the subsequent heat treatment.
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