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Bonarota MS, Kosma DK, Barrios-Masias FH. Salt tolerance mechanisms in the Lycopersicon clade and their trade-offs. AoB Plants 2022; 14:plab072. [PMID: 35079327 PMCID: PMC8782609 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress impairs growth and yield in tomato, which is mostly cultivated in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. A number of wild tomato relatives (Solanum pimpinellifolium, S. pennellii, S. cheesmaniae and S. peruvianum) are endemic to arid coastal areas and able to withstand higher concentration of soil salt concentrations, making them a good genetic resource for breeding efforts aimed at improving salt tolerance and overall crop improvement. However, the complexity of salt stress response makes it difficult to introgress tolerance traits from wild relatives that could effectively increase tomato productivity under high soil salt concentrations. Under commercial production, biomass accumulation is key for high fruit yields, and salt tolerance management strategies should aim to maintain a favourable plant water and nutrient status. In this review, we first compare the effects of salt stress on the physiology of the domesticated tomato and its wild relatives. We then discuss physiological and energetic trade-offs for the different salt tolerance mechanisms found within the Lycopersicon clade, with a focus on the importance of root traits to sustain crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Sole Bonarota
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Dylan K Kosma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Felipe H Barrios-Masias
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
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Chitwood-Brown J, Vallad GE, Lee TG, Hutton SF. Breeding for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt of Tomato: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1673. [PMID: 34828278 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
For over a century, breeders have worked to develop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars with resistance to Fusarium wilt (Fol) caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Host resistance is the most effective strategy for the management of this disease. For each of the three Fol races, resistance has been introgressed from wild tomato species, predominately in the form of R genes. The I, I-2, I-3, and I-7 R genes have each been identified, as well as the corresponding Avr effectors in the fungus with the exception of Avr7. The mechanisms by which the R gene protein products recognize these effectors, however, has not been elucidated. Extensive genetic mapping, gene cloning, and genome sequencing efforts support the development of tightly-linked molecular markers, which greatly expedite tomato breeding and the development of elite, Fol resistant cultivars. These resources also provide important tools for pyramiding resistance genes and should support the durability of host resistance.
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Víquez-Zamora M, Vosman B, van de Geest H, Bovy A, Visser RGF, Finkers R, van Heusden AW. Tomato breeding in the genomics era: insights from a SNP array. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:354. [PMID: 23711327 PMCID: PMC3680325 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major bottle neck in genetic and linkage studies in tomato has been the lack of a sufficient number of molecular markers. This has radically changed with the application of next generation sequencing and high throughput genotyping. A set of 6000 SNPs was identified and 5528 of them were used to evaluate tomato germplasm at the level of species, varieties and segregating populations. RESULTS From the 5528 SNPs, 1980 originated from 454-sequencing, 3495 from Illumina Solexa sequencing and 53 were additional known markers. Genotyping different tomato samples allowed the evaluation of the level of heterozygosity and introgressions among commercial varieties. Cherry tomatoes were especially different from round/beefs in chromosomes 4, 5 and 12. We were able to identify a set of 750 unique markers distinguishing S. lycopersicum 'Moneymaker' from all its distantly related wild relatives. Clustering and neighbour joining analysis among varieties and species showed expected grouping patterns, with S. pimpinellifolium as the most closely related to commercial tomatoes earlier results. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that a SNP search in only a few breeding lines already provides generally applicable markers in tomato and its wild relatives. It also shows that the Illumina bead array generated data are highly reproducible. Our SNPs can roughly be divided in two categories: SNPs of which both forms are present in the wild relatives and in domesticated tomatoes (originating from common ancestors) and SNPs unique for the domesticated tomato (originating from after the domestication event). The SNPs can be used for genotyping, identification of varieties, comparison of genetic and physical linkage maps and to confirm (phylogenetic) relations. In the SNPs used for the array there is hardly any overlap with the SolCAP array and it is strongly recommended to combine both SNP sets and to select a core collection of robust SNPs completely covering the entire tomato genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Víquez-Zamora
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, AJ, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen Campus, PB Wageningen, 6807, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Vosman
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, AJ, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Henri van de Geest
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Bioscience, Plant Research International, P.O. Box 619, AP Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Bovy
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, AJ, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Richard GF Visser
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, AJ, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Finkers
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, AJ, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan W van Heusden
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, AJ, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, AB, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands
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