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Huang J, Lian SL, Han JH, Lu ZC, Ding Y. Pure platelet-rich plasma promotes semaphorin-3A expression: a novel insight to ameliorate intervertebral disk degeneration in vitro. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:789. [PMID: 37864189 PMCID: PMC10588088 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) can be effectively treated using platelet-rich plasma (PRP). While the exact process is fully understood, it is believed that using pure PRP (P-PRP) without leukocytes is a better option for preventing IVDD. Semaphorin-3A (Sema3A), an inhibitor of angiogenesis and innervation, is essential for preserving IVDD's homeostasis. Whether PRP prevents IVDD by modifying Sema3A has yet to receive much research. This work aims to clarify how P-PRP affects Sema3A when IVDD develops in vitro. METHODS Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) isolated from 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 10 ng/ml IL-1β and then treated with P-PRP or leukocyte platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) in vitro, followed by measuring cell proliferation, apoptosis and microstructures, inflammatory gene and Sema3A expression, as well as anabolic and catabolic protein expression by immunostaining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS In comparison with L-PRP, P-PRP had a higher concentration of growth factors but a lower concentration of inflammatory substances. P-PRP increased the proliferation of NPCs, while IL-1 relieved the amount of apoptosis due to its intervention. Anabolic genes, aggrecan, and collagen II had higher expression levels. MMP-3 and ADAMTS-4, two catabolic or inflammatory genes, showed lower expression levels. Sema3A activity was enhanced after P-PRP injection, whereas CD31 and NF200 expression levels were suppressed. CONCLUSIONS P-PRP enhanced the performance of NPCs in IVDD by modifying the NF-κB signaling pathway and encouraging Sema3A expression, which may offer new therapy options for IVDD. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE The findings provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of IVDD and show a novel light on the probable mechanism of PRP and the function of Sema3A in the progression of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Orthopedics of TCM Senior Department, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shi-Lin Lian
- Orthopedics of TCM Senior Department, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jia-Heng Han
- Orthopedics of TCM Senior Department, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zheng-Cao Lu
- Orthopedics of TCM Senior Department, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Orthopedics of TCM Senior Department, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Choi H, Kim DJ, Nam S, Lim S, Hwang JS, Park KS, Hong HS, Won Y, Shin MK, Chung E, Son Y. Substance P restores normal skin architecture and reduces epidermal infiltration of sensory nerve fiber in TNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 89:248-257. [PMID: 29269174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by intense pruritus and eczematous lesion. Substance P (SP) is an 11-amino-acid endogenous neuropeptide that belongs to the tachykinin family and several reports recently have supported the anti-inflammatory and tissue repairing roles of SP. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated whether SP can improve AD symptoms, especially the impaired skin barrier function, in 2, 4, 6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced chronic dermatitis of NC/Nga mice or not. METHOD AD-like dermatitis was induced in NC/Nga mice by repeated sensitization with TNCB for 5 weeks. The experimental group designations and topical treatments were as follows: vehicle group (AD-VE); SP group (AD-SP); and SP with NK1R antagonist CP99994 (AD-SP-A) group. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate epidermal differentiation, dermal integrity, and epidermal nerve innervation in AD-like lesions. The skin barrier functions and pruritus of NC/Nga mice were evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and scratching behavior, respectively. RESULT Topical SP treatment resulted in significant down-regulation of Ki67 and the abnormal-type keratins (K) K6, K16, and K17, restoration of filaggrin and claudin-1, marked reduction of TEWL, and restoration of basement membrane and dermal collagen deposition, even under continuous sensitization of low dose TNCB. In addition, SP significantly reduced innervation of itch-evoking nerve fibers, gelatinase activity and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in the epidermis but upregulated semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) expression in the epidermis, along with reduced scratching behavior in TNCB-treated NC/Nga mice. All of these effects were completely reversed by co-treatment with the NK1R antagonist CP99994. In cultured human keratinocytes, SP treatment reduced expression of TGF-α, but upregulated TGF-β and Sema3A. CONCLUSION Topically administered SP can restore normal skin barrier function, reduce epidermal infiltration of itch-evoking nerve fibers in the AD-like skin lesions, and alleviate scratching behavior. Thus, SP may be proposed as a potential medication for chronic dermatitis and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongwon Choi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Nam
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunki Lim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sook Park
- East-West Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Hong
- East-West Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Younsun Won
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunkyung Chung
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea; BIO R&D Center, L&K BIOMED CO. LTD., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngsook Son
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Yong In 446-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Vadasz Z, Rainis T, Nakhleh A, Haj T, Bejar J, Halasz K, Toubi E. The Involvement of Immune Semaphorins in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125860. [PMID: 25978359 PMCID: PMC4433250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Immune semaphorins are a large family of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases through the regulation of immune homeostasis and tissue inflammation. We aim to assess the possible involvement of semaphorin3A (sema3A) and 4A (sema4A) in peripheral immune responses and bowel tissue inflammation of patients suffering from Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Patients and Methods Twenty-seven CD patients and 10 UC patients were studied and compared to 10 patients followed for acute diverticulitis (disease control) and 12 healthy individuals. All were evaluated for sema3A expression on T regulatory cells (Tregs), serum levels of sema3A and sema4A, and tissue expression of sema3A and sema4A in bowel biopsies. Results The percentage (%) of T regulatory cells (Tregs) expressing sema3A in patients with active CD (64.5% ±14.49%) and active UC (49.8% ±16.45%) was significantly lower when compared to that of healthy controls (88.7% ±3.6%, p< 0.001 and p< 0.0001, respectively). This expression was seen to be in negative correlation with CD activity. Serum levels of Sema4A were significantly lower in patients with CD and UC when compared to that of controls (5.69±1.48ng\ml for CD, 5.26±1.23 ng/ml for UC patients vs 9.74±2.73ng/ml for normal controls, P<0.001). Sema4A was highly expressed in lymphocytes of the lamina propria of CD and UC patients but absent in patients with diverticulitis or in normal individuals. Conclusions Altered % of Tregs expressing sema3A in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is partially responsible for their failure in preventing CD4+ effector T cell induced inflammation in IBD in peripheral blood. The increased expression of sema4A in bowel biopsies from CD and UC patients is suggestive of its central role in regulating local tissue inflammation in the bowel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahava Vadasz
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tova Rainis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Afif Nakhleh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tharwat Haj
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jacob Bejar
- Department of Pathology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Katty Halasz
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elias Toubi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Hua N, Liu H, Qian X, Dong L, Wu J, Li X. [The effect of semaphorin 3A in the process of apoptosis in oxygen induced retinopathy in rats]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2014; 50:440-447. [PMID: 25241977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the change of semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) expression in the retina of oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR) in rats and to investigate its influence on retinal degeneration in OIR. METHODS Experimental study. Forty-eight newborn pups were randomly classified into four groups and only one eye was examined in each pup. Thirty-six pups was induced into OIR model through aspirating 50% and 10% oxygen every 24 hours alternatively while the control group (12 pups) was raised under normal atmosphere. OIR+SEMA3Aab group accepted intravitreous injection of rabbit anti-rat SEMA3A antibody (Abcam Co.LTD, 40 mg/L, 2 µl) while OIR+IgG group was injected the same amount of non-active rabbit IgG at postnatal day 7. And the OIR group had no injections. All the pups were executed at postnatal day 18. Histological changes of retinas were examined through HE stain while Immunoflurecence staining and TUNEL procedure were used to detect focal expression of SEMA3A and apoptosis respectively. Total tissue protein was extracted and the expression of SEMA3A and Caspase-3 p17subunit were examined by Western blot. The data including retinal thickness, cell counting of retinal ganglion cells layers (RGCL) , endothelia outside inner limiting membrane, retinal apoptosis index (AI), the relative expression of SEMA3A and Caspase3 p17 subunit were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and followed LSD-t test to compare group differences. RESULTS There were significant differences of retinal thickness, cell counting of RGCL and endothelia outside inner limiting membrane among each groups respectively (F = 13.222, F = 22.537, F = 14.478;P < 0.01) . The retinal thickness was (117.07 ± 8.13) µm in normal control group, (70.93 ± 5.68) µm in OIR group, (91.28 ± 4.58) µm in OIR+SEMA3Aab group, and (67.27 ± 10.15) µm in OIR+IgG group; the cell counting of RGCL was 42.7 ± 3.6 in normal control group, 24.3 ± 3.1 in OIR group, 35.0 ± 6.2 in OIR+SEMA3Aab group, and 22.8 ± 4.3 in OIR+IgG group while the endothelia outside inner limiting membrane was 1.0 ± 0.3 in normal control group, 14.2 ± 3.2 in OIR group, 9.6 ± 1.1 in OIR+SEMA3Aab group, and 10.8 ± 1.6 in OIR+IgG group. The retinal thickness and cell counting of RGCL in OIR+SEMA3Aab group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P < 0.01) , but were apparently higher than the data of OIR group and OIR+IgG group respectively (P < 0.01) . There were no more endothelia on the vitreal side of the inner limiting membrane in OIR+SEMA3Aab group than OIR group or OIR+IgG group (P > 0.05) although these three groups had much more endothelia than it in the normal control group (P < 0.01). The retinal AI detected by TUNEL staining was 27.67 ± 2.51 in normal control, 58.33 ± 8.50 in OIR group, 37.33 ± 5.03 in OIR+SEMA3Aab group and 61.67 ± 6.65 in OIR+IgG group. There was significant difference of the retinal AI among the four groups (F = 19.250, P = 0.001) . Apoptotic cells were significantly reduced in OIR+SEMA3Aab group compared with OIR + IgG group or OIR group (P < 0.01). The difference of SEMA3A protein expression among the groups detected by Western blot was significant (F = 38.59, P = 0.000) . SEMA3A expression in OIR group was 0.97 ± 0.05, which was significantly upregulated compared with the normal control group (0.64 ± 0.03) ( P < 0.01) . And its expression was successfully neutralized in OIR + SEMA3Aab group (0.41 ± 0.02) with comparison with OIR+IgG group (1.03 ± 0.15) through Western blot (P < 0.01) . SEMA3A was detected apparently in the photoreceptors layer in the normal control while its fluorescence was stronger and much more scattered in the whole retina. However, anti-SEMA3Aab intravitreous injection successfully reduced its fluorescence compared with the IgG injection. The cleavage of Caspase-3 was not detected in the normal control while the relative expression of Caspase-3 p17 subunit was significantly different in the other three groups (F = 304.619, P < 0.01). OIR + SEMA3Aab group had much less Caspase-3 p17 subunit (0.12 ± 0.01) than OIR group (0.30 ± 0.02) or OIR +IgG group (0.27 ± 0.02) (P < 0.01) . CONCLUSIONS The over regulation of SEMA3A probably enhances the aggravation of apoptosis in OIR rats. Inhibition of SEMA3A is helpful to protect neuroretina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hua
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xuehan Qian
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lijie Dong
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China.
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Kou K, Nakamura F, Aihara M, Chen H, Seto K, Komori-Yamaguchi J, Kambara T, Nagashima Y, Goshima Y, Ikezawa Z. Decreased expression of semaphorin-3A, a neurite-collapsing factor, is associated with itch in psoriatic skin. Acta Derm Venereol 2012; 92:521-8. [PMID: 22565412 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruritus is a common symptom of psoriasis, which affects quality of life. This symptom accompanies the hyper-innervation of sensory C-fibres in psoriatic lesions. Two extracellular molecules, nerve growth factor (NGF) and semaphorin-3A, regulate C-fibre extension. In this study, the expression levels of these 2 molecules in biopsy specimens from psoriatic and healthy skin were quantified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Semaphorin-3A expression was lower in the psoriatic samples compared with the healthy samples, whereas NGF was higher. C-fibre innervation in the epidermis was also increased in psoriatic skin. Semaphorin-3A mRNA expression was negatively correlated with itch intensity and severity of psoriasis. We propose that decreased semaphorin-3A and increased NGF expression levels may trigger the outgrowth of C-fibres, leading to pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzen Kou
- Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Solowska JM, Mazurek A, Weinberger L, Baird DH. Pontocerebellar axon guidance: neuropilin-1- and semaphorin 3A-sensitivity gradients across basilar pontine nuclei and semaphorin 3A variation across cerebellum. Mol Cell Neurosci 2002; 21:266-84. [PMID: 12401447 DOI: 10.1006/mcne.2002.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the role of semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and its receptor component neuropilin-1 (Npn-1) in pontocerebellar axon guidance, we compared the distributions of Sema3A, Npn-1, and DiI-labeled pontocerebellar axons in neonatal mouse cerebellum. Between embryonic day 18 and birth there was a large increase in Npn-1 expression in the basilar pontine nuclei (BPN), the major source of pontocerebellar axons. Sema3A expression in cerebellum also increased at this time. In the BPN, Npn-1 and the response of axons to Sema3A were graded with high Npn-1 and Sema3A responsiveness rostrally and lower levels caudally. The Npn-1 gradient was not smooth and cells with higher and lower expression were interspersed. Between birth and postnatal day 5, pontocerebellar axons projected to lobules of the hemispheres, including those with low to moderate levels of Sema3A, but did not enter regions with high levels of Sema3A, including the flocculus and much of the vermis. These results suggest that varying neuropilin levels on BPN axons, which correlated with their varying responses to Sema3A, combined with varying Sema3A levels across cerebellum, may contribute to guiding subsets of BPN axons to their distinct target regions within cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Solowska
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, MCP Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, USA
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