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Luo W, Chen X, Ye L, Chen X, Jia W, Zhao Y, Samorodov AV, Zhang Y, Hu X, Zhuang F, Qian J, Zheng C, Liang G, Wang Y. Kaempferol attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by downregulating TRAF6 expression: The role of TRAF6 in diabetic nephropathy. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 268:113553. [PMID: 33152432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kaempferia rhizome is a famous traditional herbal medical in tropical and subtropical areas. Kaempferol (KPF) is one of the main bioactive compounds in Kaempferia rhizome, with anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory effects demonstrated in various disease models, including cancers, obesity and diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). TRAF6 functions as a signal transducer in toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κB pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. We aimed at investigate whether KPF is able to mitigate inflammatory responses by regulating TRAF6 in DN. MATERIAL AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were injected with streptozotocin to induce type 1 DN. NRK-52E, a tubular epithelial cell line, was used for in vitro analysis. TRAF6 was knockdown using siRNA in vitro and AAV2/2-shRNA in vivo. The anti-DN and inflammatory effects of KPF or knockdown of TRAF6 were evaluated by investigating renal filtration index, pathological changes of kidney tissue. Proinflammatory cytokine levels were detected using ELISA. NF-κB pathway and protein levels of related pathways were detected through Western blot. RESULTS KPF significantly reduced renal inflammation, fibrosis, and kidney dysfunction in diabetic mice. These effects were associated with a downregulation of TRAF6 in diabetic mouse kidneys, indicating the potential role of TRAF6. Knockdown of TRAF6 in mice through AAV2-shTRAF6 confirmed the importance of TRAF6 in DN. In vitro, treatment of KPF in NRK-52E cells attenuated high glucose (HG)-induced inflammatory and fibrogenic responses, associated with downregulated TRAF6 expression. The conclusion was further confirmed in NRK-52E cells by knocking down the expression and by overexpression of TRAF6. CONCLUSION Our findings provide direct evidence that TRAF6 mediates diabetes-induced inflammation leading to renal dysfunction. We also show that KPF is a potential therapeutic agent to reduce inflammatory responses in DN. Also, TRAF6 may represent an interesting target to combat DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutics, Wenzhou Nursing School, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Wenjing Jia
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Yanni Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Aleksandr V Samorodov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City, 450005, Russia.
| | - Yali Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xueting Hu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Fei Zhuang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedicine Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
| | - Chao Zheng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedicine Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedicine Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
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Alipour MR, Yousefzade N, Bavil FM, Naderi R, Ghiasi R. Swimming Impacts on Pancreatic Inflammatory Cytokines, miR-146a and NF-кB Expression Levels in Type-2 Diabetic Rats. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:889-894. [PMID: 31733638 DOI: 10.2174/1573399815666191115154421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-induced chronic inflammation is a key component in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of swimming exercise on pancreatic expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, miR-146a and NF-кB in type-2 diabetic male rats. METHODS Twenty- eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (Con), exercise, diabetes and diabetic exercise (n = 7). Diabetes induction performed by the combination of high-fat diet (HFD, 4 weeks) and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg. ip). After induction of diabetes, the rats swam in the exercise groups for 12 weeks. Then, blood and tissue samples were collected. RESULTS Our results indicated a significant increase in expression levels of miR-146, NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) while a significant decrease in pancreatic expression levels of TRAF6 and IRAK1 in diabetic group as compared to the control group. In contrast, swimming exercise resulted in a significant decrease in expression levels of miR-146a, NF-кB and inflammatory cytokines and a significant increase in expression levels of TRAF6 and IRAK1 in the exercise-diabetic group compared to the diabetic group. CONCLUSION Our results indicated a significant increase in expression levels of miR-146, NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) while a significant decrease in pancreatic expression levels of TRAF6 and IRAK1 in diabetic group as compared to the control group. In contrast, swimming exercise resulted in a significant decrease in expression levels of miR-146a, NF-кB and inflammatory cytokines and a significant increase in expression levels of TRAF6 and IRAK1 in the exercise-diabetic group compared to the diabetic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Yousefzade
- Department of Physiology, Tabriz Faculty of Medical Science Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rafighe Ghiasi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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He X, Zhu L, An L, Zhang J. MiR-143 Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis by Targeting RANK and NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2020; 13:224-232. [PMID: 31951177 DOI: 10.2174/1874467213666200116113945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of miRNA-143 on osteoclast formation and provide new ideas for the treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS Mice macrophage lines RAW264.7 cells after transfection were divided into four groups: control group, RANKL group, RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and RANKL combined with miR-NC group. TARCP staining was used to observe the effect of miR-143 on osteoclast formation. The expression of RANK, TRAF6 and NFATc-1 in the upstream of RANKL pathway was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR) and Western blotting (WB). The binding of miR-143 to TNFRSF11A was detected by double Luciferase Reporter Analysis. The effect of miR-143 on the expression of NF-κB (p65, I-κB-α) signal pathway in osteoclasts was detected. The effects of I-BET151 on the expression of osteoclast-specific genes TRACP, MMP 9, CtsK and c-Src were detected. RESULTS The positive level of osteoclasts in RANKL group and RANKL combined with miR-NC group was significantly higher than that of RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and control group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of RANK, TRAF6, NFATc-1, TRACP, MMP-9, CtsK and c-Src in RANKL group and RANKL combined with miR-NC group were significantly higher than those of RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and control group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of I-κB-α were significantly lower than that of RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION MiR-143 can inhibit the expression of RANK, TRAF6 and downstream NFATc-1 in the RANKL pathway, thereby inhibiting the RANK/RANKL pathway. MiR-143 can inhibit the signal pathway of NF-κB (p65, I-κB-α). MiR-143 inhibits the expression of osteoclast-specific genes TRACP, MMP 9, CtsK and c-Src. That is to say, miR-143 inhibits osteoclast formation by targeting RANK, NF- κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng He
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo NO.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Limei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo NO.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Lin An
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo NO.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo NO.6 Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
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Lochhead RB, Ma Y, Zachary JF, Baltimore D, Zhao JL, Weis JH, O'Connell RM, Weis JJ. MicroRNA-146a provides feedback regulation of lyme arthritis but not carditis during infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004212. [PMID: 24967703 PMCID: PMC4072785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been shown to be important regulators of inflammatory and immune responses and are implicated in several immune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, but their role in Lyme borreliosis remains unknown. We performed a microarray screen for expression of miRNAs in joint tissue from three mouse strains infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. This screen identified upregulation of miR-146a, a key negative regulator of NF-κB signaling, in all three strains, suggesting it plays an important role in the in vivo response to B. burgdorferi. Infection of B6 miR-146a-/- mice with B. burgdorferi revealed a critical nonredundant role of miR-146a in modulating Lyme arthritis without compromising host immune response or heart inflammation. The impact of miR-146a was specifically localized to the joint, and did not impact lesion development or inflammation in the heart. Furthermore, B6 miR-146a-/- mice had elevated levels of NF-κB-regulated products in joint tissue and serum late in infection. Flow cytometry analysis of various lineages isolated from infected joint tissue of mice showed that myeloid cell infiltration was significantly greater in B6 miR-146a-/- mice, compared to B6, during B. burgdorferi infection. Using bone marrow-derived macrophages, we found that TRAF6, a known target of miR-146a involved in NF-κB activation, was dysregulated in resting and B. burgdorferi-stimulated B6 miR-146a-/- macrophages, and corresponded to elevated IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1 production. This dysregulated protein production was also observed in macrophages treated with IL-10 prior to B. burgdorferi stimulation. Peritoneal macrophages from B6 miR-146a-/- mice also showed enhanced phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi. Together, these data show that miR-146a-mediated regulation of TRAF6 and NF-κB, and downstream targets such as IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1, are critical for modulation of Lyme arthritis during chronic infection with B. burgdorferi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. Lochhead
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ying Ma
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - James F. Zachary
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David Baltimore
- Department of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Jimmy L. Zhao
- Department of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - John H. Weis
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ryan M. O'Connell
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Janis J. Weis
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fűri I, Sipos F, Spisák S, Kiszner G, Wichmann B, Schöller A, Tulassay Z, Műzes G, Molnár B. Association of self-DNA mediated TLR9-related gene, DNA methyltransferase, and cytokeratin protein expression alterations in HT29-cells to DNA fragment length and methylation status. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:293296. [PMID: 24459426 PMCID: PMC3891537 DOI: 10.1155/2013/293296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the biologic role of self-DNA bound to Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9), we assayed its effect on gene and methyltransferase expressions and cell differentiation in HT29 cells. HT29 cells were incubated separately with type-1 (normally methylated/nonfragmented), type-2 (normally methylated/fragmented), type-3 (hypermethylated/nonfragmented), or type-4 (hypermethylated/fragmented) self-DNAs. Expression levels of TLR9-signaling and proinflammatory cytokine-related genes were assayed by qRT-PCR. Methyltransferase activity and cell differentiation were examined by using DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1, -3A, -3B) and cytokeratin (CK) antibodies. Treatment with type-1 DNA resulted in significant increase in TLR9 expression. Type-2 treatment resulted in the overexpression of TLR9-related signaling molecules (MYD88A, TRAF6) and the IL8 gene. In the case of type-3 treatment, significant overexpression of NFkB, IRAK2, and IL8 as well as downregulation of TRAF6 was detected. Using type-4 DNA, TRAF6 and MYD88A gene expression was upregulated, while MYD88B, IRAK2, IL8, and TNFSF10 were all underexpressed. CK expression was significantly higher only after type-1 DNA treatment. DNMT3A expression could also be induced by type-1 DNA treatment. DNA structure may play a significant role in activation of the TLR9-dependent and even independent proinflammatory pathways. There may be a molecular link between TLR9 signaling and DNMT3A. The mode of self-DNA treatment may influence HT29 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Fűri
- 12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Sipos
- 12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
- *Ferenc Sipos:
| | - Sándor Spisák
- 2Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Nádor Street 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary
| | - Gergő Kiszner
- 31st Department of Pathology and Experimental Oncology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Wichmann
- 12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
| | - Andrea Schöller
- 12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tulassay
- 2Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Nádor Street 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Műzes
- 12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
| | - Béla Molnár
- 2Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Nádor Street 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary
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Geetha T, Zheng C, McGregor WC, White BD, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J, Babu JR. TRAF6 and p62 inhibit amyloid β-induced neuronal death through p75 neurotrophin receptor. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:1289-93. [PMID: 23017601 PMCID: PMC3972807 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates are the primary component of senile plaques in Alzheimer disease (AD) patient's brain. Aβ is known to bind p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) and mediates Aβ-induced neuronal death. Recently, we showed that NGF leads to p75(NTR) polyubiquitination, which promotes neuronal cell survival. Here, we demonstrate that Aβ stimulation impaired the p75(NTR) polyubiquitination. TRAF6 and p62 are required for polyubiquitination of p75(NTR) on NGF stimulation. Interestingly, we found that overexpression of TRAF6/p62 restored p75(NTR) polyubiquitination upon Aβ/NGF treatment. Aβ significantly reduced NF-κB activity by attenuating the interaction of p75(NTR) with IKKβ. p75(NTR) increased NF-κB activity by recruiting TRAF6/p62, which thereby mediated cell survival. These findings indicate that TRAF6/p62 abrogated the Aβ-mediated inhibition of p75(NTR) polyubiquitination and restored neuronal cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Wade C. McGregor
- Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States
| | - B. Douglas White
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Maria T. Diaz-Meco
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Jorge Moscat
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
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Xiao X, Balasubramanian S, Liu W, Chu X, Wang H, Taparowsky EJ, Fu YX, Choi Y, Walsh MC, Li XC. OX40 signaling favors the induction of T(H)9 cells and airway inflammation. Nat Immunol 2012; 13:981-90. [PMID: 22842344 PMCID: PMC3806044 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate the T(H)9 subset of helper T cells and diseases mediated by T(H)9 cells remain poorly defined. Here we found that the costimulatory receptor OX40 was a powerful inducer of T(H)9 cells in vitro and T(H)9 cell-dependent airway inflammation in vivo. In polarizing conditions based on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), ligation of OX40 inhibited the production of induced regulatory T cells and the T(H)17 subset of helper T cells and diverted CD4(+)Foxp3(-) T cells to a T(H)9 phenotype. Mechanistically, OX40 activated the ubiquitin ligase TRAF6, which triggered induction of the kinase NIK in CD4(+) T cells and the noncanonical transcription factor NF-κB pathway; this subsequently led to the generation of T(H)9 cells. Thus, our study identifies a previously unknown mechanism for the induction of T(H)9 cells and may have important clinical implications in allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- Transplant Research Center, Brigham and Women’s hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Savithri Balasubramanian
- The Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Wentao Liu
- Transplant Research Center, Brigham and Women’s hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Xiufeng Chu
- Transplant Research Center, Brigham and Women’s hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Haibin Wang
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | | | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Matthew C. Walsh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Xian Chang Li
- Transplant Research Center, Brigham and Women’s hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Campo GM, Avenoso A, Nastasi G, Micali A, Prestipino V, Vaccaro M, D'Ascola A, Calatroni A, Campo S. Hyaluronan reduces inflammation in experimental arthritis by modulating TLR-2 and TLR-4 cartilage expression. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1812:1170-81. [PMID: 21723389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that low molecular mass HA and highly polymerized HA respectively elicited pro- and anti-inflammatory responses by modulating the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and the TLR-2. The activation of TLR-4 and TLR-2 mediated by collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) induces the myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88) and the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and ends with the liberation of NF-kB which, in turn, stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of high molecular weight HA at different concentrations on TLR-4 and TLR-2 modulation in CIA in mice. Arthritis was induced in mice via intradermal injection of an emulsion containing bovine type II collagen in complete Freund's adjuvant. Mice were treated with HA intraperitoneally daily for 30days. CIA increased TLR-4, TLR-2, MyD88 and TRAF6 mRNA expression and the related protein in the cartilage of arthritic joints. High levels of both mRNA and related protein were also detected for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1-β), interleukin-17 (IL-17), matrix metalloprotease-13 (MMP-13) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the joint of arthritic mice. HA treatment significantly limited CIA incidence and decreased all the parameters up-regulated by CIA. The improvement of biochemical parameters was also supported by histological analysis, plasma and synovial fluid HA levels. These results suggest that the TLR-4 and TLR-2 play an important role in the arthritis mechanism and the interaction/block of HA at high molecular mass may reduce inflammation and cartilage injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe M Campo
- Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Medical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario, 98125 Messina, Italy.
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Poubelle PE, Chakravarti A, Fernandes MJ, Doiron K, Marceau AA. Differential expression of RANK, RANK-L, and osteoprotegerin by synovial fluid neutrophils from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and by healthy human blood neutrophils. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9:R25. [PMID: 17341304 PMCID: PMC1906801 DOI: 10.1186/ar2137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Revised: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional links between bone remodeling and the immune system in chronic inflammatory arthritis are mediated, in part, by the ligand of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-B (RANK-L). Because neutrophils play a crucial role in chronic inflammation, the goal of this study was to determine whether proteins of the RANK/RANK-L pathway are expressed by synovial fluid (SF) neutrophils from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to characterize this pathway in normal human blood neutrophils. The expression of RANK-L, osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANK, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) was determined by polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and cytofluorometry. RANK signaling was analyzed by the degradation of inhibitor of kappaB-alpha (I-κB-α). SF neutrophils from patients with RA express and release OPG and express the membrane-associated forms of RANK-L and RANK. In contrast, normal blood neutrophils express only the membrane-associated form of RANK-L. They do not express the mRNAs encoding OPG and RANK. SF neutrophils from RA patients and normal blood neutrophils release no soluble RANK-L. They express the mRNA for TRAF6. The expression of OPG and RANK by normal human blood neutrophils, however, can be induced by interleukin-4 + tumor necrosis factor-alpha and by SFs from patients with RA. In contrast, SFs from patients with osteoarthritis do not induce the expression of OPG and RANK. Moreover, the addition of RANK-L to normal blood neutrophils pretreated by SF from patients with RA decreased I-κB-α, indicating that RANK signaling by neutrophils stimulated with SF is associated with nuclear factor-kappa-B activation. In summary, RANK-L is expressed by inflammatory and normal neutrophils, unlike OPG and RANK, which are expressed only by neutrophils exposed to an inflammatory environment. Taken together, these results suggest that neutrophils may contribute to bone remodeling at inflammatory sites where they are present in significantly large numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice E Poubelle
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CRCHUL), 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Arpita Chakravarti
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CRCHUL), 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Maria J Fernandes
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CRCHUL), 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Karine Doiron
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CRCHUL), 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Marceau
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CRCHUL), 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
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Sodhi A, Tarang S, Kesherwani V. Concanavalin A induced expression of Toll-like receptors in murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2006; 7:454-63. [PMID: 17321468 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2006.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Revised: 11/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The differential expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs 1-9) and their associated proteins in murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro, on treatment with plant lectin concanavalin A (Con A) has been investigated. It is observed that there is enhanced expression of TLRs 2-9 and downstream molecules--MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6 and IRF3 in murine peritoneal macrophages on in vitro treatment with Con A. Pretreatment of macrophages with inhibitors of JNK, p38, p42/44 and NF-kappaB, significantly decreased the Con A induced expression of TLRs. When cells are pre-treated with Con A and subsequently treated with TLR ligands--Zymosan A, PolyI:C, LPS, CpG DNA, there is enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-12 and IFN-gamma,), nitric oxide and iNOS expression in murine peritoneal macrophages. The results suggest that treatment of macrophages with Con A renders them more susceptible to subsequent activation and induction of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide production by different TLR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Sodhi
- School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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