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Erdinest N, Noyman DBE, London N, Lavy I, Levinger N, Landau D, Solomon A, Morad Y, Naroo SA. Applications of topical immunomodulators enhance clinical signs of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC): a meta-analysis. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:157. [PMID: 38522059 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This meta-analysis aimed to review the safety and efficacy of topical cyclosporine A (CsA) and topical tacrolimus in allergic eye disease. METHODS A systematic search identified thirteen studies and a total of 445 patients for inclusion, making this the largest meta-analysis published on the subject. The current review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RESULTS Thirteen randomized control trials were included in the meta-analysis. Eleven studies used CsA as the treatment, and two used Tacrolimus. In total, 445 participants were included, of whom 76.6% were male. The mean age of participants across the included studies was 14 years. All studies reported clinical signs as evaluated by an examining clinician. Signs were usually assessed by anatomical region, with the most common regions being the conjunctiva and the cornea, and the most common signs assessed were hyperemia and papillae. Three studies accounted for more than 50% of the meta-analysis's weight. Effect size (d) ranged from - 2.37 to - 0.03, negative values favoring immunomodulators. Fixed Effect Meta-Analysis returned an SMD of - 0.81 (95% CI [- 0.98, - 0.65]). However, there was significant heterogeneity (I2 = 61%, Qw = 30.76) in the outcome measure (P = 0.0021); therefore, a random-effect meta-analysis was also completed in which the pooled SMD was - 0.98 (95% CI [- 1.26, - 0.69], τ2 = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS This study affirms the current scientific community's stance that immunomodulators effectively treat clinical signs, including blepharitis, conjunctival hyperemia, edema, papillae, and corneal damage in severe ocular allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Itay Lavy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nadav Levinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Enaim Refractive Surgery Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Landau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yair Morad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asaf Harofeh Medical Center, Béer Yáakov, Israel
| | - Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Poole SF, Amin OJ, Solomon A, Barton LX, Campion RP, Edmonds KW, Wadley P. Thermally stable Peltier controlled vacuum chamber for electrical transport measurements. Rev Sci Instrum 2024; 95:035108. [PMID: 38446000 DOI: 10.1063/5.0186155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The design, manufacture, and characterization of an inexpensive, temperature-controlled vacuum chamber with millikelvin stability for electrical transport measurements at and near room temperature is reported. A commercially available Peltier device and a high-precision temperature controller are used to actively heat and cool the sample space. The system was designed to minimize thermal fluctuations in spintronic and semiconductor transport measurements, but the general principle is relevant to a wide range of electrical measurement applications. The main issues overcome are the mounting of a sample with a path of high thermal conductivity through to the Peltier device and the heat sinking of the said Peltier device inside a vacuum. A copper slug is used as the mount for a sample, and a large copper block is used as a thermal feedthrough before a passive heat sink is used to cool this block. The Peltier device provides 20 W of heating and cooling power, achieving a maximum range of 30 K below and 40 K above the ambient temperature. The temperature stability is within 5 mK at all set points with an even better performance above the ambient temperature. A vacuum pressure of 10-8 hPa is achievable. As a demonstration, we present experimental results from current-induced electrical switching of a CuMnAs thin film. Transport measurements with and without the Peltier control emphasize the importance of a constant temperature in these applications. The thermal lag between the sample space measurement and the sample itself is observed through magnetoresistance values measured during a temperature sweep.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Poole
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - O J Amin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - A Solomon
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - L X Barton
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - R P Campion
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - K W Edmonds
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - P Wadley
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Tafese BN, Ganesh T, Solomon A, Sundararaju B, Garg N, Alebachew B. Efficient Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution Using Eragrostis Teff Biomass-Derived Nitrogen and Phosphorus-Codoped Carbon Quantum Dots. Langmuir 2024; 40:72-83. [PMID: 38147594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots have a great application potential in environmental protection via adsorption technology due to their large specific surface area and negative zeta potential. In this work, nitrogen and phosphorus-codoped carbon quantum dots (NP-CQDs) with a large specific surface area and negative zeta potential were successfully synthesized by a single-step hydrothermal synthesis. Batch adsorption studies were utilized to assess the adsorbent's capacity to remove common methylene blue (MB) dye contaminants from an aqueous solution. The experiment showed that MB dye could be removed in 30 min under optimum experimental conditions, with a removal efficiency of 93.73%. The adsorbent's large surface area of 526.063 m2/g and negative zeta potential of -12.3 mV contribute to the high removal efficiency. The Freundlich isotherm model fits the adsorption process well at 298 K, with R2 and n values of 0.99678 and 4.564, respectively, indicating its applicability. A kinetic study demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order model, rather than the pseudo-first-order model, is more suited to represent the process of MB dye adsorption onto NP-CQDs. This research established a simple and cost-effective method for developing a highly efficient NP-CQD adsorbent for organic dye degradation by adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisrat Nigusie Tafese
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical, and Materials Engineering (SoMCME), Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU), P.O. Box 1888, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Thothadri Ganesh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical, and Materials Engineering (SoMCME), Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU), P.O. Box 1888, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical, and Materials Engineering (SoMCME), Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU), P.O. Box 1888, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Basker Sundararaju
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208 016, India
| | - Nidhi Garg
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208 016, India
| | - Biruk Alebachew
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Potsdam 14469, Germany
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Malzbender K, Barbarino P, Barkman Ferrell P, Bradshaw A, Brookes AJ, Díaz C, van der Flier WM, Georges J, Hansson O, Hartmanis M, Jönsson L, Krishnan R, MacLeod T, Mangialasche F, Mecocci P, Minguillon C, Middleton L, Pla S, Sardi SP, Schöll M, Suárez-Calvet M, Weidner W, Visser PJ, Zetterberg H, Bose N, Solomon A, Kivipelto M. Validation, Deployment, and Real-World Implementation of a Modular Toolbox for Alzheimer's Disease Detection and Dementia Risk Reduction: The AD-RIDDLE Project. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:329-338. [PMID: 38374739 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The Real-World Implementation, Deployment, and Validation of Early Detection Tools and Lifestyle Enhancement (AD-RIDDLE) project, recently launched with the support of the EU Innovative Health Initiative (IHI) public-private partnership and UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), aims to develop, test, and deploy a modular toolbox platform that can reduce existing barriers to the timely detection, and therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer's disease (AD), thus accelerating AD innovation. By focusing on health system and health worker practices, AD-RIDDLE seeks to improve and smooth AD management at and between each key step of the clinical pathway and across the disease continuum, from at-risk asymptomatic stages to early symptomatic ones. This includes innovation and improvement in AD awareness, risk reduction and prevention, detection, diagnosis, and intervention. The 24 partners in the AD-RIDDLE interdisciplinary consortium will develop and test the AD-RIDDLE toolbox platform and its components individually and in combination in six European countries. Expected results from this cross-sectoral research collaboration include tools for earlier detection and accurate diagnosis; validated, novel digital cognitive and blood-based biomarkers; and improved access to individualized preventative interventions (including multimodal interventions and symptomatic/disease-modifying therapies) across diverse populations, within the framework of precision medicine. Overall, AD-RIDDLE toolbox platform will advance management of AD, improving outcomes for patients and their families, and reducing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Malzbender
- Miia Kivipelto, MD, PhD, Center for Alzheimer's Research, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, QA32, 171 64 Solna, Sweden, , Phone: +46 73 99 409 22
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Wajnsztajn D, Faraj LA, Sanchez-Tabernero S, Solomon A. Neurotrophic keratitis: inflammatory pathogenesis and novel therapies. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 23:520-528. [PMID: 37694830 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Neurotrophic keratitis is a rare degenerative disease characterized by decrease or absence of corneal sensation. Neurotrophic keratitis varies from mild forms with mild epitheliopathy to severe manifestations such as corneal ulceration, melting and perforation that can lead to irreversible visual loss. The cause of neurotrophic keratitis comprises a long list of diseases, medications, congenital or genetic conditions as well as trauma. The mechanism of neurotrophic keratitis is complex and multifactorial and its understanding is crucial to better address the treatment strategies. We aimed to review neurotrophic keratitis pathology, mechanisms and management. RECENT FINDINGS Corneal nerves are critical for the homeostasis of a healthy ocular surface. The lack of nerve-derived neuromediators and corneal-released neuropeptides, neuro-trophins and neurotrophic factors in neurotrophic keratitis leads to a decrease in trophic supply to corneal cells in addition to a decrease in afferent signaling to the brain. This results in pathological tear secretion, decreased blinking rate, corneal healing along with ocular surface and corneal inflammation. Lately, nerve growth factor in special gained emphasis as a treatment strategy targeting the disease mechanism rather than its manifestations. Other therapies, including surgical interventions, are in the pipeline of neurotrophic keratitis management. However, there are still no proper therapeutic guidelines and neurotrophic keratitis treatment remains challenging. SUMMARY Neurotrophic keratitis may have a devastating outcome and treatment is still challenging. Understanding the disease pathology may assist in the development of new treatment strategies. Prompt disease recognition and immediate intervention are key factors to promote corneal healing and avoid further deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Wajnsztajn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lana A Faraj
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | | | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Erdinest N, Wajnsztajn D, London N, Solomon A. Ocular surface inflammation and ectatic corneal disorders. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 23:430-437. [PMID: 37490610 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inflammatory mediators are a focus of recent corneal ectasia (CE) research and are a profound, modifiable contributor to CE in general and keratoconus (KC) in particular, opening a path to explore new methods of control. As advanced imaging technology and expanded population screening allow for earlier detection, the possibility of early intervention can profoundly change the prognosis of CE. RECENT FINDINGS Significant increases in the inflammatory mediators and immune components have been observed in the cornea, tear fluid, and blood of ectasia patients, while inflammation dampeners such as vitamin D and their receptors are reduced. Atopy and allergy have a strong association with KC, known to increase itch factors and stimulate eye rubbing, a risk factor in ectasia pathogenesis. Management of atopy or allergic conditions and topical anti-inflammatories has helped stabilize CE disease. SUMMARY Strategies such as monitoring inflammatory factors and using immune or inflammatory modulators, including managing subclinical inflammation, may be clinically beneficial in stabilizing the disease and improving outcomes. The detected factors are biomarkers, but as yet unproven to be sensitive or specific enough to be considered biomarkers for early detection of CE. The establishment of such biomarkers could improve the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Denise Wajnsztajn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center
| | | | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center
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Nche EN, Okwen MM, Solomon A. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in sub-Saharan Africa. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 23:423-429. [PMID: 37459274 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic bilateral allergic inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva and cornea that affects children and young adults, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. A limbal form (tropical endemic limbo conjunctivitis) is thought to be more common in the tropics where research on this vision-impairing condition is scanty. We sought to review current literature from sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on the prevalence of VKC and its clinical presentation. RECENT FINDINGS There is a variable prevalence of VKC in SSA, up to 32.9% of children, especially in male individuals less than 5 years old, and has been diagnosed in a 4-month-old baby. Associated factors include exposure to dust, personal and family history of atopy, Vitamin D3 deficiency and HIV. The mixed form of VKC is the most frequent form seen and conjunctival pigmentation might be an early diagnostic sign. SUMMARY Childhood screening programs for VKC should be established to reduce the morbidity, decreased quality of life and school absenteeism that is seen in these patients. VKC-related research should be encouraged in this milieu to bring to light the particularities of VKC in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Teaching Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Wajnsztajn D, Shmueli O, Tarnovsky Y, Frucht-Pery J, Solomon A. Outcome indicators for cross linking in pediatric keratoconus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1149641. [PMID: 37250642 PMCID: PMC10213677 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1149641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the predictive factors for successful corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in pediatric patients with Keratoconus (KC). Methods This retrospective study was conducted using a prospectively built database. Patients (18 years old or younger) underwent CXL for KC between 2007 and 2017, with a 1-year follow-up period or longer. The outcomes included changes in Kmax (delta [Δ] Kmax = Kmaxlast - Kmaxpre) and LogMAR visual acuity (ΔLogMAR = LogMARlast - LogMARpre).The effects of CXL type (accelerated or non-accelerated), demographics (age, sex, background of ocular allergy, ethnicity), preoperative LogMAR visual acuity, maximal corneal power (Kmax), pachymetry (CCTpre), refractive cylinder, and follow-up (FU) time on the outcomes were analyzed. Results One hundred thirty-one eyes of 110 children were included (mean age, 16 ± 2 years; range, 10-18 years). Kmax and LogMAR improved from baseline to last visit: from 53.81 D ± 6.39 D to 52.31 D ± 6.06 D (p < 0.001) and from 0.27 ± 0.23 LogMAR units to 0.23 ± 0.19 LogMAR units (p = 0.005), respectively. A negative ΔKmax (meaning corneal flattening) was associated with a long FU, low CCTpre, high Kmaxpre, high LogMARpre, and non-accelerated CXL on univariate analysis. High Kmaxpre and non-accelerated CXL were associated with negative ΔKmax in the multivariate analysis.A negative ΔLogMAR (meaning vision improvement) was associated with a high LogMARpre in univariate analysis. Conclusion CXL is an effective treatment option in pediatric patients with KC. Our results showed that the non-accelerated treatment was more effective than the accelerated treatment. Corneas with advanced disease had a greater effect on CXL.
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Zioni N, Bercovich AA, Chapal-Ilani N, Bacharach T, Rappoport N, Solomon A, Avraham R, Kopitman E, Porat Z, Sacma M, Hartmut G, Scheller M, Muller-Tidow C, Lipka D, Shlush E, Minden M, Kaushansky N, Shlush LI. Inflammatory signals from fatty bone marrow support DNMT3A driven clonal hematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2070. [PMID: 37045808 PMCID: PMC10097668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Both fatty bone marrow (FBM) and somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), also termed clonal hematopoiesis (CH) accumulate with human aging. However it remains unclear whether FBM can modify the evolution of CH. To address this question, we herein present the interaction between CH and FBM in two preclinical male mouse models: after sub-lethal irradiation or after castration. An adipogenesis inhibitor (PPARγ inhibitor) is used in both models as a control. A significant increase in self-renewal can be detected in both human and rodent DNMT3AMut-HSCs when exposed to FBM. DNMT3AMut-HSCs derived from older mice interacting with FBM have even higher self-renewal in comparison to DNMT3AMut-HSCs derived from younger mice. Single cell RNA-sequencing on rodent HSCs after exposing them to FBM reveal a 6-10 fold increase in DNMT3AMut-HSCs and an activated inflammatory signaling. Cytokine analysis of BM fluid and BM derived adipocytes grown in vitro demonstrates an increased IL-6 levels under FBM conditions. Anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibodies significantly reduce the selective advantage of DNMT3AMut-HSCs exposed to FBM. Overall, paracrine FBM inflammatory signals promote DNMT3A-driven clonal hematopoiesis, which can be inhibited by blocking the IL-6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zioni
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - A Akhiad Bercovich
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - N Chapal-Ilani
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Bacharach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - N Rappoport
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - R Avraham
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Kopitman
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Z Porat
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - M Sacma
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Hartmut
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Scheller
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Muller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Lipka
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Shlush
- IVF Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - M Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N Kaushansky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liran I Shlush
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Institute Rambam Healthcare campus Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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Garg T, Park H, Solomon A, Lee C, Weiss C, Li X, Singh H. Abstract No. 171 Benchtop Testing with Procedural Feasibility and Safety Evaluation of an Ultrahigh-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Catheter for Assessment of the Biliary Tree. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Hendrix S, Soininen H, Solomon A, Visser P, van Hees A, Counotte D, Nicodemus-Johnson J, Dickson S, Blennow K, Kivipelto M, Hartmann T. Combined Evidence for a Long-Term, Clinical Slowing Effect of Multinutrient Intervention in Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease: Post-Hoc Analysis of 3-Year Data from the LipiDiDiet Trial. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2023. [DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Barbera M, Perera D, Matton A, Mangialasche F, Rosenberg A, Middleton L, Ngandu T, Solomon A, Kivipelto M. Multimodal Precision Prevention - A New Direction in Alzheimer's Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2023; 10:718-728. [PMID: 37874092 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
At least 40% of all dementia has been linked to modifiable risk factors suggesting a clear potential for preventative approaches targeting these factors. Despite the recent promising findings from anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies, a limited proportion of patients are expected to be eligible for these novel AD treatments. Given the heterogeneous nature of AD and the complex multi-level pathological processes leading to dementia (involving, e.g., shared risk factors, interaction of different pathology mechanisms, and their putative synergistic effects on cognition), targeting a single pathology may not be sufficient to halt or significantly impact disease progression. With exponentially increasing numbers of patients world-wide, in parallel to the unprecedented population ageing, new multimodal therapy approaches targeting several modifiable risk factors and disease mechanisms simultaneously are urgently required. Developing the next generation of combination therapies with lifestyle intervention and pharmacological treatments, implementing the right interventions for the right people at the right time, and defining accessible and sustainable strategies worldwide are crucial. Here, we summarize the state-of-the-art multimodal lifestyle-based approaches, especially findings and lessons learned from the FINGER trial, for prevention and risk reduction of cognitive impairment and dementia. We also discuss some emerging underlying biological mechanisms and the current development of precision prevention approaches. We present an example of a novel trial design combining healthy lifestyle changes with a repurposed putative disease-modifying drug and place this study in the context of the World-Wide FINGERS, the first interdisciplinary network of multimodal trials dedicated to the prevention and risk reduction of cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barbera
- Miia Kivipelto, Address: Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Vägen 37A, 171 64 Solna, Sweden, , Phone: +46 73-994-0922
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Saunders TS, Protsiv M, Jenkins ND, Solomon A, Blennow K, Ritchie C, Muniz-Terrera G. Association between Longitudinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer's Biomarkers and the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) Index: Findings from the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Cohort Study (EPAD LCS). J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2023; 10:543-550. [PMID: 37357296 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the absence of preventative pharmacological interventions for Alzheimer's Disease dementia, there is a growing interest in modifiable risk factors associated with AD. Such risk factors are thought to contribute up to 40% of the risk of dementia. The Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index, a dementia risk score which focuses exclusively on modifiable factors, has been found to be associated with increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline. It is currently unclear how the LIBRA index relates to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between LIBRA index scores and trajectories of phospho-tau 181 and total tau in the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study (EPAD LCS), and to examine whether these trajectories differ between participants with high and low CSF amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ42). DESIGN Analysis of CSF biomarker and LIBRA index scores from the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study. SETTING The European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study is a multi-centre, pan-European study. MEASUREMENTS Cerebrospinal fluid samples were taken by lumbar puncture and analysed using electrochemiluminescence. LIBRA index scores were calculated from self-reported variables, questionnaires, and physiological measurements. RESULT In the total sample (n = 1715; mean age = 66.0, 56.4% female), there were no significant associations between LIBRA scores (mean = 0.73 points) and rate of change in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. In participants with high Aβ, reflecting less deposition in the brain, (n = 1134), LIBRA scores were significantly associated with the rate of change in total tau, where higher LIBRA scores (denoting higher dementia risk) were associated with increases in t-tau. There were no significant associations between LIBRA scores and change in cerebrospinal biomarkers in participants with low Aβ. CONCLUSION We found an association between modifiable risk factors and total tau accumulation in participants without dementia and without Aβ accumulation. This suggests that increasing levels of total tau may be driven by factors other than Aβ accumulation and highlights the need for developing and examining tau-targeting drugs in Alzheimer's Disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Saunders
- Mr Tyler Saunders, 1 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ,
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Affiliation(s)
- S Babu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Krishnan
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Chinnaiyan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA
| | - P Daniel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600127, India
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
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Krishnan M, Babu S, Jayaraman S, Daniel P, Solomon A, Chinnaiyan M. MICRORNA-31 AS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC BIOMARKER FOR ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: CURRENT EVIDENCE AND FUTURE PROSPECTS. Exp Oncol 2022; 44:263-264. [PMID: 36325699 DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-3.18569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Krishnan
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu 603103, India
| | - S Babu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu 603103, India
| | - S Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department Biochemistry
| | - P Daniel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600127, India
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
| | - M Chinnaiyan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA
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Wajnsztajn D, Nche E, Solomon A. Corneal complications of rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 22:304-313. [PMID: 35980013 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. Extra-articular manifestations (EAMs) are common and may affect up to 40.6% of patients. Ocular EAM can occur in 39% of the patients. The cornea is involved by different pathogenic mechanisms and corneal disease varies from mild symptoms to severe corneal ulceration and melting with visual loss. Severe corneal involvement is associated with increased mortality in RA patients. We aimed to review the prevalence, mechanisms, management and overall impact of corneal involvement in RA patients. RECENT FINDINGS Corneal involvement is frequent among RA patients. With the wider use of systemic immunosuppression, in particular the disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and with improvement of surgical techniques, spontaneous and surgery-related corneal ulceration and melting is becoming less common. However, RA patients are still at risk and should be carefully managed. SUMMARY RA-related corneal complications are associated with a decreased quality of life and poor ocular and systemic prognosis. Prompt recognition and a multidisciplinary approach involving topical ophthalmic management and systemic immunosuppression are the key factors to maintain ocular integrity and avoid a lethal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Wajnsztajn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the neuroanatomy and physiology of the basal and reflex tearing and present the available and developing therapies using the concept of neurostimulation in dry eye disease (DED). RECENT FINDINGS The most prevalent current DED treatments seek to supplement low tear volume and tear components or reduce inflammation. Neurostimulation is a unique approach gaining momentum in recent years, geared toward increasing the production of all basal tear components by stimulating the nerves responsible for producing the various tear components. The neuroanatomy of the lacrimal unit provides several possible access points to stimulate tear production through two arms of the sensory trigeminal nerves. Modes of stimulation include chemical or energy in electrical or magnetic form. Research thus far has shown that neurostimulation can achieve lacrimal, goblet cell, and meibomian gland stimulation. Subjectively it improves symptoms of DED. Clinically, neurostimulation has improved the signs and symptoms of DED by increasing basal tear production and tear volume. SUMMARY Neurostimulation using electrical, mechanical, or chemical means is a novel concept to increase tear production and was demonstrated to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for managing DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | | | | | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem
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Sindi S, Thunborg C, Rosenberg A, Andersen P, Andrieu S, Broersen LM, Coley N, Couderc C, Duval CZ, Faxen-Irving G, Hagman G, Hallikainen M, Håkansson K, Lehtisalo J, Levak N, Mangialasche F, Pantel J, Kekkonen E, Rydström A, Stigsdotter-Neely A, Wimo A, Ngandu T, Soininen H, Hartmann T, Solomon A, Kivipelto M. Multimodal Preventive Trial for Alzheimer's Disease: MIND-ADmini Pilot Trial Study Design and Progress. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2022; 9:30-39. [PMID: 35098971 PMCID: PMC8783958 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2022.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Interventions simultaneously targeting multiple risk factors and mechanisms are most likely to be effective in preventing cognitive impairment. This was indicated in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) testing a multidomain lifestyle intervention among at-risk individuals. The importance of medical food at the early symptomatic disease stage, prodromal Alzheimer’s disease (AD), was emphasized in the LipiDiDiet trial. The feasibility and effects of multimodal interventions in prodromal AD are unclear. Objectives To evaluate the feasibility of an adapted FINGER-based multimodal lifestyle intervention, with or without medical food, among individuals with prodromal AD. Methods MIND-ADmini is a multinational proof-of-concept 6-month randomized controlled trial (RCT), with four trial sites (Sweden, Finland, Germany, France). The trial targeted individuals with prodromal AD defined using the International Working Group-1 criteria, and with vascular or lifestyle-related risk factors. The parallel-group RCT includes three arms: 1) multimodal lifestyle intervention (nutritional guidance, exercise, cognitive training, vascular/metabolic risk management and social stimulation); 2) multimodal lifestyle intervention+medical food (Fortasyn Connect); and 3) regular health advice/ care (control group). Primary outcomes are feasibility and adherence. Secondary outcomes are adherence to the individual intervention domains and healthy lifestyle changes. Results Screening began on 28 September 2017 and was completed on 21 May 2019. Altogether 93 participants were randomized and enrolled. The intervention proceeded as planned. Conclusions For the first time, this pilot trial tests the feasibility and adherence to a multimodal lifestyle intervention, alone or combined with medical food, among individuals with prodromal AD. It can serve as a model for combination therapy trials (non-pharma, nutrition-based and/or pharmacological interventions).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sindi
- Professor Miia Kivipelto, MD, PhD, Karolinska Institutet, Dept NVS, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska vägen 37 A, SE-171 64 Solna, Sweden; Mobile: +46 (0)73 99 409 22,
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Wajnsztajn D, Shmueli O, Zur K, Frucht-Pery J, Solomon A. Predicting factors for the efficacy of cross-linking for keratoconus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263528. [PMID: 35113959 PMCID: PMC8812864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate predictors for success in corneal crosslinking (CXL) for keratoconus in a large cohort and extended follow-up.
Design
A retrospective study based on a prospectively built database.
Methods
Participants underwent CXL for keratoconus from 2007 to 2018. Statistical analysis was performed for patients with at least 1-year follow-up. We analyzed effects of CXL type (Epithelium-on or Epithelium-off and Accelerated (9mW/cm2@10min) or Standard (3mW/cm2@30min)) and pre-operative factors including age, gender, baseline LogMAR visual acuity (LogMARpre), maximal corneal power (Kmaxpre), pachymetry, refractive and topographic cylinders, spherical equivalent (SEpre), mean corneal power (MeanK) and follow-up time on outcome measures. The outcome measures were the final change of Kmax (Delta Kmax) and the final change in LogMAR visual acuity (Delta LogMAR). A more negative Delta Kmax or Delta LogMAR represents a favorable effect of crosslinking.
Results
517 eyes had Kmax results, and 385 eyes had LogMAR results with more than one year follow-up. These eyes were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 2.29 years. Mean Kmax decreased from 54.07±5.99 diopters to 52.84±5.66 diopters (p<0.001), and Mean LogMAR decreased from 0.28±0.20 to 0.25±0.21 (p<0.001). Non-accelerated epithelium-off CXL resulted in greater flattening of Kmax when compared with other protocols. Visual acuity improvement was similar when comparing different CXL protocols. Multivariate analysis showed four factors associated with negative Delta Kmax: high Kmaxpre, high SEpre, high MeanKpre, and non-accelerated procedure. Multivariate analysis showed three factors associated with negative Delta LogMAR: high LogMARpre, high SEpre, and Low MeanKpre. After excluding corneas with Kmaxpre >65 D or Pachymetry<400 microns, multivariate analysis showed that high Kmaxpre, high SEpre, and non-accelerated CXL were associated with negative Delta Kmax while high LogMARpre and high SEpre were associated with negative Delta LogMAR.
Conclusion
CXL for keratoconus is a highly effective treatment, as evident by its effects on the outcome measures: Delta Kmax and Delta LogMAR. CXL was more successful in eyes with high Kmaxpre, high SEpre, and high LogMARpre, which express disease severity. The non-accelerated epithelium-off protocol was associated with greater flattening of corneal curvature but did not show a better effect on visual acuity as compared to the other CXL protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Wajnsztajn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Or Shmueli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ken Zur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph Frucht-Pery
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a severe allergic inflammatory disease affecting the conjunctiva in children and young adults. Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disease characterized by thinning of the corneal stroma, increased and asymmetric corneal curvature, with a potential for significant visual deterioration and is one of the most common corneal complications of VKC. We aimed to review the association of these two diseases, with focus on the mechanisms, prevalence, natural history and treatment strategies of KC associated with VKC. RECENT FINDINGS KC is a common complication of VKC. KC prevalence can be as high as 26.8% among VKC patients, whereas abnormal corneal topography may appear in up to 71% of them. It is more severe and progresses faster in the setting of VKC (P < 0.05), with remarkable visual deterioration and with an increased need for keratoplasty. Crosslinking treatment and corneal transplantation appear to be as effective for KC patients with VKC as compared to the patients without VKC. However, postoperative complications are higher in patients with VKC and demand close monitoring, tight control of local inflammation and prompt awareness with consequent restrain of eye rubbing. SUMMARY Patients with VKC should be closely monitored for KC. Prompt recognition of VKC and KC allows tight control of KC pathogenesis mechanisms, timely management of KC progression and preservation of vision and quality of life of young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Wajnsztajn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Ontaneda D, Sati P, Raza P, Kilbane M, Gombos E, Alvarez E, Azevedo C, Calabresi P, Cohen JA, Freeman L, Henry RG, Longbrake EE, Mitra N, Illenberger N, Schindler M, Moreno-Dominguez D, Ramos M, Mowry E, Oh J, Rodrigues P, Chahin S, Kaisey M, Waubant E, Cutter G, Shinohara R, Reich DS, Solomon A, Sicotte NL. Central vein sign: A diagnostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis (CAVS-MS) study protocol for a prospective multicenter trial. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 32:102834. [PMID: 34592690 PMCID: PMC8482479 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The specificity and implementation of current MRI-based diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) are imperfect. Approximately 1 in 5 of individuals diagnosed with MS are eventually determined not to have the disease, with overreliance on MRI findings a major cause of MS misdiagnosis. The central vein sign (CVS), a proposed MRI biomarker for MS lesions, has been extensively studied in numerous cross sectional studies and may increase diagnostic specificity for MS. CVS has desirable analytical, measurement, and scalability properties. "Central Vein Sign: A Diagnostic Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis (CAVS-MS)" is an NIH-supported, 2-year, prospective, international, multicenter study conducted by the North American Imaging in MS Cooperative (NAIMS) to evaluate CVS as a diagnostic biomarker for immediate translation into clinical care. Study objectives include determining the concordance of CVS and McDonald Criteria to diagnose MS, the sensitivity of CVS to detect MS in those with typical presentations, and the specificity of CVS among those with atypical presentations. The study will recruit a total of 400 participants (200 with typical and 200 with atypical presentations) across 11 sites. T2*-weighted, high-isotropic-resolution, segmented echo-planar MRI will be acquired at baseline and 24 months on 3-tesla scanners, and FLAIR* images (combination of FLAIR and T2*) will be generated for evaluating CVS. Data will be processed on a cloud-based platform that contains clinical and CVS rating modules. Imaging quality control will be conducted by automated methods and neuroradiologist review. CVS will be determined by Select6* and Select3* lesion methods following published criteria at each site and by central readers, including neurologists and neuroradiologists. Automated CVS detection and algorithms for incorporation of CVS into McDonald Criteria will be tested. Diagnosis will be adjudicated by three neurologists who served on the 2017 International Panel on the Diagnosis of MS. The CAVS-MS study aims to definitively establish CVS as a diagnostic biomarker that can be applied broadly to individuals presenting for evaluation of the diagnosis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ontaneda
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| | - P Sati
- Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States; NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - P Raza
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - M Kilbane
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - E Gombos
- Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - E Alvarez
- Neurology, U of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - P Calabresi
- Neurology, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J A Cohen
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - L Freeman
- Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - R G Henry
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - N Mitra
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - N Illenberger
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - M Schindler
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - M Ramos
- QMENTA Inc, Boston, MA, United States
| | - E Mowry
- Neurology, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J Oh
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - S Chahin
- Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - M Kaisey
- Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - E Waubant
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - G Cutter
- UAB School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - R Shinohara
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - D S Reich
- NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - A Solomon
- The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - N L Sicotte
- Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Erdinest N, Sabag OP, London N, Solomon A. Quadrant Asymmetric Design Contact Lens for Visual Rehabilitation after Eye Trauma. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2021; 12:330-336. [PMID: 34054480 PMCID: PMC8136320 DOI: 10.1159/000512505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the efficacy of an asymmetric peripheral design scleral contact lens in a case of highly irregular corneal-scleral pattern due to trauma. A 63-year-old patient was involved in a jeep accident which caused a partial-thickness penetrating injury to the peripheral cornea of his left eye. The subsequent corneal irregularity extended beyond the limbus into the sclera which made it difficult to stabilize a contact lens. A quadrant specific peripheral curve (quadrant asymmetric periphery) scleral contact lens successfully resulted in improved comfort and visual acuity. This is the first known published case to use this lens design to correct a post-trauma irregular cornea-scleral relationship. Quadrant asymmetric periphery scleral contact lenses can be effective in cases of severe irregular corneal-scleral patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Keratoconus Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ortal Palatchi Sabag
- Soflex CooperVision Specialty Eyecare Division, CooperVision Israel Ltd., D.N. Misgav, Israel
| | | | - Abraham Solomon
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Ritchie CW, Muniz-Terrera G, Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Tom B, Molinuevo JL. The European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) Longitudinal Cohort Study: Baseline Data Release V500.0. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2021; 7:8-13. [PMID: 32010920 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2019.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) Programme is a pan-European project whose objective is to deliver a platform, adaptive, Phase 2 proof of concept (PoC) trial for the secondary prevention of Alzheimer's dementia. A component of this platform is the Longitudinal Cohort Study (LCS) which acts as a readiness cohort for the PoC Trial as well as generating data for disease modelling work in the preclinical and prodromal phases of Alzheimer's dementia. OBJECTIVES The first data wave has been collected, quality checked, released and now available for analysis to answer numerous research questions. Here we describe the results from key variables in the EPAD LCS with the objective of using these results to compliment analyses of these data in the future. DESIGN EPAD LCS is a cohort study whose primary objective is as a readiness cohort for the EPAD PoC Trial. As such recruitment is not capped at any particular number but will continue to facilitate delivery of the EPAD PoC Trial. Research Participants are seen annually (with an additional 6 month visit in the first year). SETTING The EPAD Trial Delivery Network comprises currently 21 centres across Europe. PARTICIPANTS Research participants are included if they are over 50 years old and do not have a diagnosis of dementia. MEASUREMENTS All research participants undergo multiple assessments to fully characterise the biology of Alzheimer's disease and relate this to risk factors (both fixed and modifiable) and biomarker expression of disease through brain imaging, fluid samples (CSF, blood, urine and saliva), cognitive performance, functional abilities and neuropsychiatric symptomatology. RESULTS V500.0 represents the first 500 research participants baselined into EPAD LCS. The mean age was 66.4 (SD=6.7) and 47.8% were male. The data was split for presentation into 4 groups: [1] CDR=0 and Amyloid + (preclinical AD), [2] CDR=0 and Amyloid -, [3] CDR=0.5 and Amyloid + (prodromal AD) and [4] CDR=0.5 and Amyloid -. CONCLUSIONS The EPAD LCS is achieving its primary objective of trial readiness and the structured approach to data release as manifest by this first data release of V500.0 will assist researchers to describe and compare their findings as well as in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It is anticipated given current recruitment rates that V1500.0 data release will take place in Autumn 2019. V500.1 (when the 1 year follow up is completed on the V500.0 (sub)cohort will be in Autumn 2019 also.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Ritchie
- Craig William Ritchie, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom,
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Rosenberg A, Mangialasche F, Ngandu T, Solomon A, Kivipelto M. Multidomain Interventions to Prevent Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, and Dementia: From FINGER to World-Wide FINGERS. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2021; 7:29-36. [PMID: 32010923 PMCID: PMC7222931 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2019.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia are a global public health priority, and prevention has been highlighted as a pivotal component in managing the dementia epidemic. Modifiable risk factors of dementia and AD include lifestyle-related factors, vascular and metabolic disorders, and psychosocial factors. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) are needed to clarify whether modifying such factors can prevent or postpone cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. Given the complex, multifactorial, and heterogeneous nature of late-onset AD and dementia, interventions targeting several risk factors and mechanisms simultaneously may be required for optimal preventive effects. The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) is the first large, long-term RCT to demonstrate that a multidomain lifestyle-based intervention ameliorating vascular and lifestyle-related risk factors can preserve cognitive functioning and reduce the risk of cognitive decline among older adults at increased risk of dementia. To investigate the multidomain intervention in other populations and diverse cultural and geographical settings, the World-Wide FINGERS (WW-FINGERS) network was recently launched (https://alz.org/wwfingers). Within this network, new FINGER-type trials with shared core methodology, but local culture and context-specific adaptations, will be conducted in several countries. The WW-FINGERS initiative facilitates international collaborations, provides a platform for testing multidomain strategies to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia, and aims at generating high-quality scientific evidence to support public health and clinical decision-making. Furthermore, the WW-FINGERS network can support the implementation of preventive strategies and translation of research findings into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosenberg
- Miia Kivipelto, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, QA32, 171 64 Solna, Sweden, Phone: +46 (0)73 99 40 922,
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Kolarich A, Ring N, Pang S, Farhan A, Covarrubias O, Ng R, Solomon A, Gullotti D, Holly B, Hong K, Georgiades C. Abstract No. 195 National trends in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement, revision, and trainee procedure involvement. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Kolarich A, Pang S, Solomon A, England R, Georgiades C. Abstract No. 105 Increasing consulting fee payments to interventional radiologists in the United States from industry, 2014 to 2018: analysis of the Open Payments Database. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Pang S, England R, Solomon A, Hong K, Singh H. Abstract No. 90 Single-use versus reusable endoscopes for percutaneous biliary endoscopy with lithotripsy: technical metrics, clinical outcomes, and cost comparison. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Gong A, Solomon A, Motaghi M, Latif M, Holly B, Weiss C. Abstract No. 437 Fluoroscopically guided, percutaneously placed cecostomies versus surgically placed cecostomies in adult patients: a safety comparison. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Hafezi Nejad N, Abou Areda M, Bailey C, Solomon A, Weiss C. Abstract No. 463 Percutaneous vertebral augmentation in the oldest old: comparative evaluation of comorbidities, outcomes and disparities. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Guan J, England R, Solomon A, Pang S, Hong K, Singh H. Abstract No. 91 Clinical outcomes of percutaneous biliary endoscopy: a 7-year single-institution experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Malanchini G, Del Corral M, De Filippo P, Ferrari P, Solomon A, Krepp J. Cardiac arrhythmias and In-hospital mortality amongst patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study in an Italian population. IJC Heart & Vasculature 2020; 31:100608. [PMID: 32923578 PMCID: PMC7475186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was more common in women and the mortality rate was 2.2%. Ventricular arrhythmias were the strongest predictor of mortality. Age was associated with increased mortality in women with takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Background Methods Results Conclusion
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Abstract
In the 25 years since the hypothesis was first described, therapeutic use of inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4i) as a novel approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes has become established widely, with several compounds now available to exemplify the class. Although the clinical profiles of members of the DPP-4i class have been reviewed extensively, the underlying pragmatic small molecular design and pharmaceutical properties of these agents have seldom been addressed in the context of establishment of the class as treatments for type 2 diabetes. Among the reasons contributing to the wide acceptance of DPP-4i as oral anti-hyperglycaemic therapy are: (i) the endocrine basis of their pharmacology; (ii) their chemical 'simplicity' and low molecular mass; (iii) their pharmacological selectivity for their target mechanism of action; (iv) the nature of physiologically relevant substrates for the enzyme; (v) their relative ease of formulation into tablets; (vi) their efficacy as glucose-lowering agents; (vii) their absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination profiles; and (viii) their limited tolerability issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Carr
- Merck Sharp & Dohme UKLondonUK
- Hatter Cardiovascular InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraineUK
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Hendrix SB, Soininen H, van Hees AMJ, Ellison N, Visser PJ, Solomon A, Attali A, Blennow K, Kivipelto M, Hartmann T. Alzheimer's Disease Composite Score: A Post-Hoc Analysis Using Data from the LipiDiDiet Trial in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2020; 6:232-236. [PMID: 31686094 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2019.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As research evolves in prodromal AD, the need to validate sufficiently sensitive outcome measures, e.g. the Alzheimer's Disease Composite Score (ADCOMS) is clear. In the LipiDiDiet randomized trial in prodromal AD, cognitive decline in the study population was much less than expected in the timeframe studied. While the primary composite endpoint was insufficiently sensitive to detect a difference in the modified intention to treat population, the per-protocol population showed less decline in the active than the control group, indicating better treatment effects with regular product intake. These results were further strengthened by significant benefits on secondary endpoints of cognition and function, and brain atrophy. The present post-hoc analysis investigated whether ADCOMS could detect a difference between groups in the LipiDiDiet population (138 active, 140 control). The estimated mean change in ADCOMS from baseline (standard error) was 0.085 (0.018) in the active and 0.133 (0.018) in the control group; estimated mean treatment difference -0.048 (95% confidence intervals -0.090, -0.007; p=0.023), or 36% less decline in the active group. This suggests ADCOMS identified the cognitive and functional benefits observed previously, confirming the sensitivity of this composite measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Hendrix
- Suzanne B Hendrix, Pentara Corporation, 2180 Claybourne Avenue, Salt Lake City, UT 84109 USA. ; Phone: +1 (801) 898-7241
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Safadi K, Kruger JM, Chowers I, Solomon A, Amer R, Aweidah H, Frenkel S, Mechoulam H, Anteby I, Ben Eli H, Lavy I, Jaouni T, Landau D, Tiosano L, Greifner G, Ofir S, Levi Vineberg T, Levy J. Ophthalmology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2020; 5:e000487. [PMID: 32432169 PMCID: PMC7222613 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To present an established practice protocol for safe and effective hospital-setting ophthalmic practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods and Analysis Literature was reviewed to identify articles relevant to COVID-19 pandemic and ophthalmology. The following keywords were used: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and telemedicine, combined with eye, ophthalmology, conjunctivitis and tears. Data were extracted from the identified manuscripts and discussed among subspecialists to obtain consensus evidence-based practice. Results A protocol for ophthalmic practice in the era of COVID-19 pandemic was established. The protocol covered patient screening, clinic flow, required personal protective equipment and modifications of ophthalmic equipment for improved safety. Conclusion Important literature emerged with respect to the practice of ophthalmology in the era of COVID-19. An evidence-based ophthalmic practice protocol was established and should be modified in the future to accommodate new insights on the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Safadi
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joshua M Kruger
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itay Chowers
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Solomon
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Radgonde Amer
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hamzah Aweidah
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shahar Frenkel
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadas Mechoulam
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irene Anteby
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadas Ben Eli
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itay Lavy
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tarek Jaouni
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Landau
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liran Tiosano
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gabriel Greifner
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shay Ofir
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Jaime Levy
- Ophthalmology Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kolarich A, Tanavde V, Solomon A, Georgiades C, Hong K. Abstract No. 546 Portal vein embolization with and without locoregional therapy and post-hepatectomy complication risk: a National Surgery Quality Improvement Program analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kolarich A, Ishaque T, Solomon A, Ruck J, Massie A, Segev D, Georgiades C, Hong K, Garonzik-Wang J. 3:00 PM Abstract No. 298 Ablation versus chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma awaiting liver transplant: an analysis of the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients Database. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Solomon A, Kolarich A, Zhou A, Hoyer M, England R, Moreland A, Fabre M, Holly B. 3:27 PM Abstract No. 102 Infectious complications and postprocedural antibiotics following initial percutaneous biliary drainage for patients with endoscopically placed stents. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Iwamoto N, Schwartz CJ, Jochim B, Raju P K, Feizollah P, Napierala JL, Severt T, Tegegn SN, Solomon A, Zhao S, Lam H, Wangjam TN, Kumarappan V, Carnes KD, Ben-Itzhak I, Wells E. Strong-field control of H 3 + production from methanol dications: Selecting between local and extended formation mechanisms. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:054302. [PMID: 32035476 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the CD3OH isotopologue of methanol, the ratio of D2H+ to D3 + formation is manipulated by changing the characteristics of the intense femtosecond laser pulse. Detection of D2H+ indicates a formation process involving two hydrogen atoms from the methyl side of the molecule and a proton from the hydroxyl side, while detection of D3 + indicates local formation involving only the methyl group. Both mechanisms are thought to involve a neutral D2 moiety. An adaptive control strategy that employs image-based feedback to guide the learning algorithm results in an enhancement of the D2H+/D3 + ratio by a factor of approximately two. The optimized pulses have secondary structures 110-210 fs after the main pulse and result in photofragments that have different kinetic energy release distributions than those produced from near transform limited pulses. Systematic changes to the linear chirp and higher order dispersion terms of the laser pulse are compared to the results obtained with the optimized pulse shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Iwamoto
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - Charles J Schwartz
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - Bethany Jochim
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Kanaka Raju P
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Peyman Feizollah
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - J L Napierala
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - T Severt
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - S N Tegegn
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - Huynh Lam
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Tomthin Nganba Wangjam
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - V Kumarappan
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - K D Carnes
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - I Ben-Itzhak
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - E Wells
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
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Ben-Eli H, Gomel N, Aframian DJ, Abu-Seir R, Perlman R, Ben-Chetrit E, Mevorach D, Kleinstern G, Paltiel O, Solomon A. SNP variations in IL10, TNFα and TNFAIP3 genes in patients with dry eye syndrome and Sjogren's syndrome. J Inflamm (Lond) 2019; 16:6. [PMID: 30923465 PMCID: PMC6421669 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-019-0209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Cytokines are known to be key players in dry eye syndrome (DES) and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) pathogenesis. In this study we compared single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variations in genes encoding cytokine levels among SS and DES patients in Israel. Methods We recruited 180 subjects, 82 with SS and 98 with DES. Using a candidate gene approach and allele-specific PCR technique for genotyping, proportions of risk alleles in Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) (rs1800629), IinterLeukin-10 (IL-10) (rs1800896) and TNFAIP3 (rs2230926) SNPs were compared between study groups. Results Allelic distribution was found very similar to Caucasian (CEU – Utah residents with Northern and Western European roots) population distributions in these SNPs. While none of the SNPs’ variants were significantly associated with SS or DES in a recessive model, in an additive model the TNFα G risk allele was found higher among SS patients compared to DES (Homozygote-G: 84.2% vs. 70.8%; Heterozygote: 26.9% vs. 11.2%, respectively, p = 0.02). After adjustment for age, gender and ethnicity, these variants weren’t associated with SS. Genetic scoring reveals that SS patients are more likely to present variants of all three SNPs than DES subjects. Conclusions This is the first study evaluating these SNP variations among both patients with DES and patients with SS. We found the allelic distribution in each SNP to be very similar to that found in healthy Caucasian populations presented in the HapMap project. We found the TNFα allele significantly associated with DES for homozygotes, and associated with SS for heterozygotes in the additive model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Ben-Eli
- 1Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.,2Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.,3Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nir Gomel
- 4School of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Doron Jacob Aframian
- 5Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Maxillofacial Imaging and Sjogren's Syndrome Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rania Abu-Seir
- 6Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Riki Perlman
- 6Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eldad Ben-Chetrit
- 7Unit of Rheumatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dror Mevorach
- 8Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Geffen Kleinstern
- 1Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.,9Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Ora Paltiel
- 1Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.,6Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Solomon
- 2Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
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Erdinest N, Solomon A. [TOPICAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS FOR DRY EYE DISEASE]. Harefuah 2019; 158:130-135. [PMID: 30779493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (dry eye) is a multifactorial disorder of the ocular surface. Dry eye is one of the most frequent ocular disorders, affecting 5% to 50% of the entire population at all ages. Evidence suggests that inflammation and hyperosmolarity are considered core mechanisms in the development of dry eye. Dry eye is accompanied by changes in tear composition including enhanced hyperosmolarity and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and adhesion molecules. All these factors may act as mediators of tissue damage leading to lysis of cell membranes and tight junctions in epithelial cells. Eventually these processes lead to corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells death as well as conjunctival goblet cell dysfunction and death. Anti-inflammatory agents for dry eye include corticosteroids, immunomodulator agents and essential fatty acids. Recently, an integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) antagonist, lifitegrast ophthalmic solution (Xiidra) was approved in the USA for the treatment of dry eye. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) to LFA-1. The following review attempts to present a current update of the available anti-inflammatory agents for dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Solomon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Dworkin JD, Sati P, Solomon A, Pham DL, Watts R, Martin ML, Ontaneda D, Schindler MK, Reich DS, Shinohara RT. Automated Integration of Multimodal MRI for the Probabilistic Detection of the Central Vein Sign in White Matter Lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1806-1813. [PMID: 30213803 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The central vein sign is a promising MR imaging diagnostic biomarker for multiple sclerosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that patients with MS have higher proportions of white matter lesions with the central vein sign compared with those with diseases that mimic MS on MR imaging. However, the clinical application of the central vein sign as a biomarker is limited by interrater differences in the adjudication of the central vein sign as well as the time burden required for the determination of the central vein sign for each lesion in a patient's full MR imaging scan. In this study, we present an automated technique for the detection of the central vein sign in white matter lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using multimodal MR imaging, the proposed method derives a central vein sign probability, πij, for each lesion, as well as a patient-level central vein sign biomarker, ψi. The method is probabilistic in nature, allows site-specific lesion segmentation methods, and is potentially robust to intersite variability. The proposed algorithm was tested on imaging acquired at the University of Vermont in 16 participants who have MS and 15 participants who do not. RESULTS By means of the proposed automated technique, participants with MS were found to have significantly higher values of ψ than those without MS (ψMS = 0.55 ± 0.18; ψnon-MS = 0.31 ± 0.12; P < .001). The algorithm was also found to show strong discriminative ability between patients with and without MS, with an area under the curve of 0.88. CONCLUSIONS The current study presents the first fully automated method for detecting the central vein sign in white matter lesions and demonstrates promising performance in a sample of patients with and without MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Dworkin
- From the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (J.D.D., M.L.M., R.T.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - P Sati
- Translational Neuroradiology Section (P.S., M.K.S., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - A Solomon
- Departments of Neurological Sciences (A.S.)
| | - D L Pham
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (D.L.P.), Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - R Watts
- Radiology (R.W.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - M L Martin
- From the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (J.D.D., M.L.M., R.T.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - D Ontaneda
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research (D.O.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - M K Schindler
- Translational Neuroradiology Section (P.S., M.K.S., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - D S Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section (P.S., M.K.S., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Neurology (D.S.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - R T Shinohara
- From the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (J.D.D., M.L.M., R.T.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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McCaffrey J, Alzahrani T, Mercader M, Solomon A, Tracy C. P6594Rate versus rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation and normal to mild left atrial enlargement: insights from the AFFIRM trial. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J McCaffrey
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, United States of America
| | - T Alzahrani
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, United States of America
| | - M Mercader
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, United States of America
| | - A Solomon
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, United States of America
| | - C Tracy
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, United States of America
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Hooshmand B, Polvikoski T, Kivipelto M, Tanskanen M, Myllykangas L, Mäkelä M, Oinas M, Paetau A, Solomon A. CAIDE Dementia Risk Score, Alzheimer and cerebrovascular pathology: a population-based autopsy study. J Intern Med 2018; 283:597-603. [PMID: 29411449 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CAIDE Dementia Risk Score is a tool for estimating dementia risk in the general population. Its longitudinal associations with Alzheimer or vascular neuropathology in the oldest old are not known. AIM To explore the relationship between CAIDE Dementia Risk Score at baseline and neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, cerebral infarcts and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) after up to 10-year follow-up in the Vantaa 85 + population. METHODS Study population included 149 participants aged ≥85 years, without dementia at baseline, and with available clinical and autopsy data. Methenamine silver staining was used for β-amyloid and modified Bielschowsky method for neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. Macroscopic infarcts were identified from cerebral hemispheres, brainstem and cerebellum slices. Standardized methods were used to determine microscopic infarcts, CAA and α-synuclein pathologies. The CAIDE Dementia Risk Score was calculated based on scores for age, sex, BMI, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, physical activity and APOEε4 carrier status (range 0-18 points). RESULTS A CAIDE Dementia Risk Score above 11 points was associated with more cerebral infarctions up to 10 years later: OR (95% CI) was 2.10 (1.06-4.16). No associations were found with other neuropathologies. CONCLUSION In a population of elderly aged ≥85 years, higher CAIDE Dementia Risk Score was associated with increased risk of cerebral infarcts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hooshmand
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Polvikoski
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Tanskanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Myllykangas
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Mäkelä
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Oinas
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Paetau
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Solomon
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lowrence RC, Ramakrishnan A, Sundaramoorthy NS, Shyam A, Mohan V, Subbarao HMV, Ulaganathan V, Raman T, Solomon A, Nagarajan S. Norfloxacin salts of carboxylic acids curtail planktonic and biofilm mode of growth in ESKAPE pathogens. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:408-422. [PMID: 29178633 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To enhance the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of norfloxacin against the planktonic and biofilm mode of growth in ESKAPE pathogens using chemically modified norfloxacin salts. METHODS AND RESULTS Antimicrobial testing, synergy testing and time-kill curve analysis were performed to evaluate antibacterial effect of norfloxacin carboxylic acid salts against ESKAPE pathogens. In vivo efficacy to reduce bacterial bioburden was evaluated in zebrafish infection model. Crystal violet assay and live-dead staining were performed to discern antibiofilm effect. Membrane permeability, integrity and molecular docking studies were carried out to ascertain the mechanism of action. The carboxylic acid salts, relative to parent molecule norfloxacin, displayed two- to fourfold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in addition to displaying potent bacteriostatic effect against certain members of ESKAPE pathogens. In vivo treatments revealed that norfloxacin tartrate (SRIN2) reduced MRSA bioburden by greater than 1 log fold relative to parent molecule in the muscle tissue. In silico docking with gyrA of S. aureus showed increased affinity of SRIN2 towards DNA gyrase. The enhanced antibacterial effect of norfloxacin salts could be partially accounted by altered membrane permeability in S. aureus and perturbed membrane integrity in P. aeruginosa. Antibiofilm studies revealed that SRIN2 (norfloxacin tartrate) and SRIN3 (norfloxacin benzoate) exerted potent antibiofilm effect particularly against Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens. The impaired colonization of both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa due to improved norfloxacin salts was further supported by live-dead imaging. CONCLUSION Norfloxacin carboxylic acid salts can act as potential alternatives in terms of drug resensitization and reuse. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our study shows that carboxylic acid salts of norfloxacin could be effectively employed to treat both planktonic- and biofilm-based infections caused by select members of ESKAPE pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Lowrence
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.,Center for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N S Sundaramoorthy
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Shyam
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Mohan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H M V Subbarao
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Ulaganathan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Raman
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - S Nagarajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.,Center for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Solomon A, Kaushal P, Spies J, Caridi T. 4:21 PM Abstract No. 311 Preoperative uterine artery embolization may reduce blood loss during hysterectomy for select uterine leiomyomata. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Solomon A, Borodulin K, Ngandu T, Kivipelto M, Laatikainen T, Kulmala J. Self-rated physical fitness and estimated maximal oxygen uptake in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:532-540. [PMID: 28543703 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the longitudinal associations of self-rated physical fitness and estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. A total of 59 741 participants in the Finnish National FINRISK Study Cohort had data on self-rated physical fitness and covariates. A subsample of 4823 participants had estimated VO2max data. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 38 years. Associations of self-rated physical fitness and VO2max with mortality were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. The study showed that poor self-rated physical fitness was related to all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-2.0) and mortality due to cardiovascular (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.9-2.2), cerebrovascular (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6-2.2) and respiratory diseases (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.9-2.4), trauma (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.0), infections (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.7), dementia (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6-2.3), and cancer (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5-1.9). Coexisting higher age, physical inactivity, male gender, and severe chronic conditions further increased the risk. In men, higher VO2max was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer mortality (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-0.96). Based on the results, self-rated physical fitness reflects a combination of unfavorable biological and lifestyle-related factors, which increase mortality risk. A simple question about perceived physical fitness may reveal at-risk individuals who would benefit from more intensive treatment of chronic conditions and other interventions aiming to promote better fitness and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Solomon
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Borodulin
- Health Monitoring Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Ngandu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Kivipelto
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Laatikainen
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.,Hospital District of North Karelia, Joensuu, Finland
| | - J Kulmala
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Smyth E, Solomon A, Birrell MA, Smallwood MJ, Winyard PG, Tetley TD, Emerson M. Influence of inflammation and nitric oxide upon platelet aggregation following deposition of diesel exhaust particles in the airways. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2130-2139. [PMID: 28437857 PMCID: PMC5466527 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Exposure to nanoparticulate pollution has been implicated in platelet‐driven thrombotic events such as myocardial infarction. Inflammation and impairment of NO bioavailability have been proposed as potential causative mechanisms. It is unclear, however, whether airways exposure to combustion‐derived nanoparticles such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP) or carbon black (CB) can augment platelet aggregation in vivo and the underlying mechanisms remain undefined. We aimed to investigate the effects of acute lung exposure to DEP and CB on platelet activation and the associated role of inflammation and endothelial‐derived NO. Experimental Approach DEP and CB were intratracheally instilled into wild‐type (WT) and eNOS−/− mice and platelet aggregation was assessed in vivo using an established model of radio‐labelled platelet thromboembolism. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by measuring inflammatory markers, NO metabolites and light transmission aggregometry. Key Results Platelet aggregation in vivo was significantly enhanced in WT and eNOS−/− mice following acute airways exposure to DEP but not CB. CB exposure, but not DEP, was associated with significant increases in pulmonary neutrophils and IL‐6 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma of WT mice. Neither DEP nor CB affected plasma nitrate/nitrite concentration and DEP‐induced human platelet aggregation was inhibited by an NO donor. Conclusions and Implications Pulmonary exposure to DEP and subsequent platelet activation may contribute to the reports of increased cardiovascular risk, associated with exposure to airborne pollution, independent of its effects on inflammation or NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Smyth
- Platelet Biology Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Solomon
- Platelet Biology Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M A Birrell
- Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M J Smallwood
- Inflammation Research Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - P G Winyard
- Inflammation Research Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - T D Tetley
- Lung Cell Biology Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Emerson
- Platelet Biology Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Strandberg T, Levälahti E, Ngandu T, Solomon A, Kivipelto M, Kivipelto M, Ngandu T, Lehtisalo J, Laatikainen T, Soininen H, Strandberg T, Antikainen R, Jula A, Tuomilehto J, Peltonen M, Levälahti E, Lindström J, Rauramaa R, Pajala S, Hänninen T, Solomon A, Paajanen T, Mangialasche F. Health-related quality of life in a multidomain intervention trial to prevent cognitive decline (FINGER). Eur Geriatr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Abstract
12 Ss were exposed to electropulse stimulation under 3 moisture treatments: dry, water immersion, and a fluid approximation of sweat. Touch threshold data were obtained under these conditions during the first half of the experiment and electropulse recognition responses during the second half. A significant threshold rise occurred with increased amounts of moisture on the skin. Similarly, recognition accuracy decreased but remained within a 90 to 100% range. Human engineering implications pertinent to a tactual communication system were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. L. Brown
- Human Resources Research Office, The George Washington University
| | - R. A. Spern
- Human Resources Research Office, The George Washington University
| | - A. Solomon
- Human Resources Research Office, The George Washington University
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Germanguz I, Listgarten J, Cinkornpumin J, Solomon A, Gaeta X, Lowry WE. Identifying gene expression modules that define human cell fates. Stem Cell Res 2016; 16:712-24. [PMID: 27108395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a compendium of cell-state-specific gene expression data, we identified genes that uniquely define cell states, including those thought to represent various developmental stages. Our analysis sheds light on human cell fate through the identification of core genes that are altered over several developmental milestones, and across regional specification. Here we present cell-type specific gene expression data for 17 distinct cell states and demonstrate that these modules of genes can in fact define cell fate. Lastly, we introduce a web-based database to disseminate the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Germanguz
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, United States; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | | | - J Cinkornpumin
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, United States; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - A Solomon
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, United States; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - X Gaeta
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, United States; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - W E Lowry
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, United States; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, UCLA, United States; Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, United States.
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