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Girigoswami A, Deepika B, Pandurangan AK, Girigoswami K. Preparation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles from Solanum Tuberosum peel extract and its applications. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2024; 52:59-68. [PMID: 38214666 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2023.2301068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The present study describes a method for the preparation of green titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles from the peel of Solanum tuberosum, commonly known as potato, and the potato peel being a kitchen waste. The green synthesized TiO2 (G- TiO2) nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, TEM, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the G- TiO2 nanoparticles was also shown using the dye bromophenol blue. To explore the biocompatibility of the G- TiO2, the cell viability in normal as well as cancer cells was assessed. Further, the in vivo toxicity of the G- TiO2 nanoparticles was assessed using zebrafish embryos. The novelty of the present invention is to utilize kitchen waste for a useful purpose for the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles which is known to have UV light scavenging properties. Moreover, the potato peel is a natural antioxidant and possesses a skin-lightening effect. A combination of the potato peel extract and titanium dioxide prepared using the extract will have a combinatorial effect for protecting UV light exposure to the skin and lightening the skin colour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Balasubramanian Deepika
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pandurangan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
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Girigoswami K, Arunkumar R, Girigoswami A. Management of hypertension addressing hyperuricaemia: introduction of nano-based approaches. Ann Med 2024; 56:2352022. [PMID: 38753584 PMCID: PMC11100442 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2352022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) levels in blood serum have been associated with hypertension, indicating a potential causal relationship between high serum UA levels and the progression of hypertension. Therefore, the reduction of serum UA level is considered a potential strategy for lowering and mitigating blood pressure. If an individual is at risk of developing or already manifesting elevated blood pressure, this intervention could be an integral part of a comprehensive treatment plan. By addressing hyperuricaemia, practitioners may subsidize the optimization of blood pressure regulation, which illustrates the importance of addressing UA levels as a valuable strategy within the broader context of hypertension management. In this analysis, we outlined the operational principles of effective xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricaemia and hypertension, along with an exploration of the contribution of nanotechnology to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Arunkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
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Metkar SK, Girigoswami A, Bondage DD, Shinde UG, Girigoswami K. The potential of lumbrokinase and serratiopeptidase for the degradation of Aβ 1-42 peptide - an in vitro and in silico approach. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:112-123. [PMID: 35694981 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2089137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is diagnosed with the deposition of insoluble β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides in the neuropil of the brain leading to dementia. The extracellular deposition of the fibrillar Aβ peptide on the neurons is known as senile plaques. Therefore, Aβ degradation and clearance from the human body is a promising therapeutic approach in the medication of AD. METHODS In the current study, the enzyme lumbrokinase (LK) was extracted and purified from earthworm and its activity was utilized toward Aβ 1-42 amyloids degradation in vitro alongside with an additional enzyme serratiopeptidase (SP) considering nattokinase (NK) as a standard. RESULTS The output of this study revealed that preformed Aβ 1-42 amyloids was disintegrated by both LK and SP, as demonstrated from fluorescence assay using Thioflavin T dye. In addition, dynamic light scattering study revealed the lower size of the preformed fibrils Aβ 1-42 at various time intervals after incubation with the enzymes LK and SP. Furthermore, in silico approach showed high affinity thermodynamically favorable interaction of LK as well as SP toward Aβ 1-42 amyloid. Finally, the toxicity of degraded preformed Aβ 1-42 amyloid was assessed by MTT assay which showed reduced toxicity of enzyme treated Aβ 1-42 amyloid compared to only Aβ 1-42 amyloid. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicated that LK and SP, not only had Aβ 1-42 amyloid degrading potential, but also could reduce the toxicity which can make them a suitable drug candidate for AD. Furthermore, the in vivo studies are needed to be executed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kisan Metkar
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Chennai, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Chennai, India
| | - Devanand D Bondage
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Umakant G Shinde
- Centre for Advanced Life Sciences (CFALS), Deogiri College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Chennai, India
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Janani G, Girigoswami A, Deepika B, Udayakumar S, Girigoswami K. Unveiling the Role of Nano-Formulated Red Algae Extract in Cancer Management. Molecules 2024; 29:2077. [PMID: 38731568 PMCID: PMC11085645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death, and its negative impact continues to rise globally. Chemotherapy, which is the most common therapy, has several limitations due to its tremendous side effects. Therefore, developing an alternate therapeutic agent with high biocompatibility is indeed needed. The anti-oxidative effects and bioactivities of several different crude extracts of marine algae have been evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we synthesized the aqueous extract (HA) from the marine algae Amphiroa anceps, and then, a liposome was formulated for that extract (NHA). The extracts were characterized using different photophysical tools like dynamic light scattering, UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, and GC-MS analysis. The SEM image revealed a size range of 112-185 nm for NHA and the GC-MS results showed the presence of octadecanoic acid and n-Hexadecanoic acid in the majority. The anticancer activity was studied using A549 cells, and the NHA inhibited the cancer cells dose-dependently, with the highest killing of 92% at 100 μg/mL. The in vivo studies in the zebrafish model showed that neither the HA nor NHA of Amphiroa anceps showed any teratogenic effect. The outcome of our study showed that NHA can be a potential drug candidate for inhibiting cancer with good biocompatibility up to a dose of 100 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (G.J.); (B.D.); (S.U.)
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Gowtham P, Girigoswami K, Thirumalai A, Harini K, Pallavi P, Girigoswami A. Association of TIMP2 418 G/C and MMP Gene Polymorphism with Risk of Urinary Cancers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:83-90. [PMID: 38478803 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibit tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), playing a notable role in various biological processes, and mutations in TIMP2 genes impact a variety of urinary cancers. In this study, we analyze and evaluate the potential involvement of the TIMP2 418 G/C and MMP gene polymorphism in the etiology of urinary cancer. Methodology: For suitable case-control studies, a literature search was undertaken from various database sources such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Incorporated into the analysis were case-control or cohort studies that documented the correlation between TIMP2 418 G/C and urological cancers. MetaGenyo served as the tool for conducting the meta-analysis, employing a fixed-effects model. The collective odds ratios, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals, were calculated and presented to assess the robustness of the observed associations. Results: A total of seven studies involving controls and cases out of recorded 1265 controls and 1154 cases were analyzed to ascertain the significant association of the TIMP2 gene with urologic cancer. No statistically significant correlation was observed between allelic, recessive, dominant, and overdominant models for the genetic variant under investigation. A 95% confidence interval (CI) and odds ratio (OR) were computed for each model, considering p-values <0.05. The OR and 95% CI for the allelic model were 0.99 and 0.77-1.27, respectively, whereas the respective values were 1.00 and 0.76-1.32 for the recessive model. In the dominant contrast model, OR and 95% CI were 1.09 and 0.62-1.90, while the same were 0.93 and 0.77-1.12 for the overdominant model. A funnel plot was used to reanalyze and detect the results as statically satisfactory. Conclusions: As a result of the data obtained, the TIMP2 gene polymorphism does not correlate statistically with cancer risk. The significance of this finding can only be confirmed using a large population, extensive epidemiological research, a comprehensive survey, and a better understanding of the molecular pathways associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pemula Gowtham
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Anbazhagan Thirumalai
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
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Ghosh T, Nandi S, Girigoswami A, Bhattacharyya SK, Ghosh SK, Mandal M, Ghorai UK, Banerji P, Das NC. Carbon Dots for Multiuse Platform: Intracellular pH Sensing and Complementary Intensified T1-T2 Dual Imaging Contrast Nanoprobes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1112-1127. [PMID: 38163852 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Measurement of pH in living cells is a great and decisive factor for providing an early and accurate diagnosis factor. Along with this, the multimodal transverse and longitudinal relaxivity enhancement potentiality over single modality within a single platform in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) field is a very challenging issue for diagnostic purposes in the biomedical field of application. Therefore, this work aims to design a versatile platform by fabricating a novel nanoprobe through holmium- and manganese-ion doping in carbon quantum dots (Ho-Mn-CQDs), which can show nearly neutral intracellular pH sensing and MRI imaging at the same time. These manufactured Ho-Mn-CQDs acted as excellent pH sensors in the near-neutral range (4.01-8.01) with the linearity between 6.01 and 8.01, which could be useful for the intracellular pH-sensing capability. An innumerable number of carboxyl and amino groups are present on the surface of the prepared nanoprobe, making it an excellent candidate for pH sensing through fluorescence intensity quenching phenomena. Cellular uptake and cell viability experiments were also executed to affirm the intracellular accepting ability of Ho-Mn-CQDs. Furthermore, with this pH-sensing quality, these Ho-Mn-CQDs are also capable of acting as T1-T2 dual modal imaging contrast agents in comparison with pristine Ho-doped and Mn-doped CQDs. The Ho-Mn-CQDs showed an increment of r1 and r2 relaxivity values simultaneously compared with only the negative contrast agent, holmium in holmium-doped CQDs, and the positive contrast agent, manganese in manganese-doped CQDs. The above-mentioned observations elucidate that its tiny size, excitation dependence of fluorescence behavior, low cytotoxicity, and dual modal contrast imaging capability make it an ideal candidate for pH monitoring in the near-neutral range and also as a dual modal MRI imaging contrast enhancement nanoprobe at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisita Ghosh
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Suvendu Nandi
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | | | - Suman Kumar Ghosh
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Uttam Kumar Ghorai
- Department of Industrial Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, Howrah 711202, India
| | - Pallab Banerji
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Narayan Chandra Das
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Janani G, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Advantages of nanomedicine over the conventional treatment in Acute myeloid leukemia. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2024; 35:415-441. [PMID: 38113194 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2294541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is a cancer of blood cells that mainly affects the white blood cells. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) sudden growth of cancerous cells occurs in blood and bone marrow, and it disrupts normal blood cell production. Most patients are asymptomatic, but it spreads rapidly and can become fatal if left untreated. AML is the prevalent form of leukemia in children. Risk factors of AML include chemical exposure, radiation, genetics, etc. Conventional diagnostic methods of AML are complete blood count tests and bone marrow aspiration, while conventional treatment methods involve chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow transplant. There is a risk of cancer cells spreading progressively to the other organs if left untreated, and hence, early diagnosis is required. The conventional diagnostic methods are time- consuming and have drawbacks like harmful side effects and recurrence of the disease. To overcome these difficulties, nanoparticles are employed in treating and diagnosing AML. These nanoparticles can be surface- modified and can be used against cancer cells. Due to their enhanced permeability effect and high surface-to-volume ratio they will be able to reach the tumour site which cannot be reached by traditional drugs. This review article talks about how nanotechnology is more advantageous over the traditional methods in the treatment and diagnosis of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalarethinam Janani
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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A H, Sofini SPS, Balasubramanian D, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Biomedical applications of natural and synthetic polymer based nanocomposites. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2024; 35:269-294. [PMID: 37962432 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2283910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Various nanomaterials have been studied for their biomedical application in recent years. Among them, nanocomposites have a prominent medical application in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various diseases. Nanocomposites are made up of polymeric matrix layers composed of synthetic or natural polymers like chitosan, polyethylene glycol, etc. Polymer nanocomposites are inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix. There are two types of polymeric nanocomposites which include natural and synthetic polymer nanocomposites. These nanocomposites have various biomedical applications, such as medical implants, wound healing, wound dressing, bone repair and replacement, and dental filling. Polymeric nanocomposites have a wide range of biomedical applications due to their high stability, non-immunogenic nature, sustained drug delivery, non-toxic, and can escape reticuloendothelial system uptake along with drug bioavailability improvement. In this review, we have discussed various types of natural and synthetic polymer nanocomposites and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini A
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | - Sharon P S Sofini
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | - Deepika Balasubramanian
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, India
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R SD, Girigoswami A, Meenakshi S, Deepika B, Harini K, Gowtham P, Pallavi P, Girigoswami K. Beneficial effects of bioinspired silver nanoparticles on zebrafish embryos including a gene expression study. ADMET DMPK 2024; 12:177-192. [PMID: 38560712 PMCID: PMC10974822 DOI: 10.5599/admet.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Many sectors use nanoparticles and dispose of them in the aquatic environment without deciding the fate of these particles. Experimental approach To identify a benign species of nanoparticles which can cause minimum harm to the aquatic environment, a comparative study was done with chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and green tea mediated synthesis (GT/AgNP) in both in vitro using human alveolar cancer cell line (A549) and normal cell line (L132), and in in vivo with zebrafish embryos. Key results The in vitro studies revealed that GT/AgNPs were less toxic to normal cells than cancer cells. The GT/AgNPs showed high biocompatibility for zebrafish embryos monitored microscopically for their developmental stages and by cumulative hatchability studies. The reduced hatchability found in the AgNPs-treated group was correlated by differential gene expression of zebrafish hatching enzymes (ZHE) (ZHE1 and ZHE2). Conclusion The results indicated that nanoparticles can affect the hatching of zebrafish embryos and elicit toxicity at the gene level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Devi R
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Shanmugaraja Meenakshi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Balasubramanian Deepika
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Pemula Gowtham
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603 103, India
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Thirumalai A, Girigoswami K, Pallavi P, Harini K, Gowtham P, Girigoswami A. Cancer therapy with iRGD as a tumor-penetrating peptide. Bull Cancer 2023; 110:1288-1300. [PMID: 37813754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the primary threats in tumor treatment revolves around the limited ability to penetrate tumor sites, leading to reduced therapeutic effectiveness, which remains a critical concern. Recently gaining importance are novel peptides, namely CRGDK/RGPD/EC (iRGD), that possess enhanced tumor-penetrating and inhibitory properties. These peptides specifically target and penetrate tumors by binding to αvβ integrins, namely αvβ3 and αvβ5, as well as NRP-1 receptors. Remarkably abundant on both the vasculature and tumor cell surfaces, these peptides show promising potential for improving tumor treatment outcomes. As a result, iRGD penetrated deep into the tumor tissues with biological products, contrast agents (imaging agents), antitumor drugs, and immune modulators after co-injecting them with peptides or chemically linked to peptides. The synthesis of iRGD peptides is a relatively straightforward process compared to the synthesis of other traditional peptides, and they significantly improved tumor tissue penetration inhibiting tumor metastasis effectively. Recent studies demonstrate the effectiveness of iRGD-driven dual-targeting chemotherapeutics on cancer cells, and the nanocarriers were modified with iRGD, serving as a favorable delivery strategy of payloads for deeper tumor regions. This review aims to provide an overview to emphasize the recent advancements and advantages of iRGD in treating and imaging various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Thirumalai
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, TN-603103 Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, TN-603103 Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Pragya Pallavi
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, TN-603103 Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, TN-603103 Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Pemula Gowtham
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, TN-603103 Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, TN-603103 Kelambakkam, Chennai, India.
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Girigoswami K, Pallavi P, Girigoswami A. Intricate subcellular journey of nanoparticles to the enigmatic domains of endoplasmic reticulum. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2284684. [PMID: 37990530 PMCID: PMC10987057 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2284684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
It is evident that site-specific systemic drug delivery can reduce side effects, systemic toxicity, and minimal dosage requirements predominantly by delivering drugs to particular pathological sites, cells, and even subcellular structures. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and associated cell organelles play a vital role in several essential cellular functions and activities, such as the synthesis of lipids, steroids, membrane-associated proteins along with intracellular transport, signaling of Ca2+, and specific response to stress. Therefore, the dysfunction of ER is correlated with numerous diseases where cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes mellitus, hepatic disorder, etc., are very common. To achieve satisfactory therapeutic results in certain diseases, it is essential to engineer delivery systems that can effectively enter the cells and target ER. Nanoparticles are highly biocompatible, contain a variety of cargos or payloads, and can be modified in a pliable manner to achieve therapeutic effectiveness at the subcellular level when delivered to specific organelles. Passive targeting drug delivery vehicles, or active targeting drug delivery systems, reduce the nonselective accumulation of drugs while reducing side effects by modifying them with small molecular compounds, antibodies, polypeptides, or isolated bio-membranes. The targeting of ER and closely associated organelles in cells using nanoparticles, however, is still unsymmetrically understood. Therefore, here we summarized the pathophysiological prospect of ER stress, involvement of ER and mitochondrial response, disease related to ER dysfunctions, essential therapeutics, and nanoenabled modulation of their delivery to optimize therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, India
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Ps SS, Guha A, Deepika B, Udayakumar S, Nag M, Lahiri D, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Nanocargos designed with synthetic and natural polymers for ovarian cancer management. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:3407-3415. [PMID: 37421430 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02608-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer cells usually spread in the peritoneal region, and if chemotherapeutic drugs can be given in these regions with proximity, then the anticancer property of the chemotherapeutic drugs can enhance. However, chemotherapeutic drug administrations are hindered by local toxicity. In the drug delivery system, microparticles or nanoparticles are administered in a controlled manner. Microparticles stay in a close vicinity while nanoparticles are smaller and can move evenly in the peritoneum. Intravenous administration of the drug evenly distributes the medicine in the target places and if the composition of the drug has nanoparticles it will have more specificity and will have easy access to the cancer cells and tumors. Among the different types of nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles were proven as most efficient in drug delivery. Polymeric nanoparticles are seen to be combined with many other molecules like metals, non-metals, lipids, and proteins, which helps in the increase of cellular uptake. The efficiency of different types of polymeric nanoparticles used in delivering the load for management of ovarian cancer will be discussed in this mini-review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Sofini Ps
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Arina Guha
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Balasubramanian Deepika
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Saranya Udayakumar
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibyajit Lahiri
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
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Shurfa MK, Girigoswami A, Sakthi Devi R, Harini K, Agraharam G, Deepika B, Pallavi P, Girigoswami K. Combinatorial Effect of Doxorubicin Entrapped in Alginate-Chitosan Hybrid Polymer and Cerium Oxide Nanocomposites on Skin Cancer Management in Mice. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2891-2900. [PMID: 37611665 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs are used for cancer management, but recently nanoparticles have also been shown to contribute towards controlling cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, we focussed on analyzing the combinatorial effect of Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles and Doxorubicin (Dox) on melanoma cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We entrapped CeO2, Dox, and CeO2+Dox in a hybrid polymer matrix of alginate and chitosan (Alg-Cs) and used them in both in vitro and in vivo studies to compare their anticancer effect. Scratch assay using A549 lung cancer cells showed delayed wound healing when exposed to a low and high dose of CeO2 +Dox, compared to individual components. In order to determine a safe dose of the nanoformulations, zebrafish embryos were used. Further, in vivo, testing was done on Swiss albino female mice where the melanoma was induced by applying Benzopyrene followed by UV irradiation. The animals were treated with CeO2, Dox, and CeO2+ Dox that were entrapped in Alg-Cs for further 21 days. From both in vivo and in vitro results, we concluded that CeO2 and Dox in combination had superior therapeutic efficiency in cancer cells and animals than the nude drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Shurfa
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R Sakthi Devi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Gopikrishna Agraharam
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Deepika
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India.
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Pallavi P, Harini K, Crowder S, Ghosh D, Gowtham P, Girigoswami K, Girigoswami A. Rhodamine-Conjugated Anti-Stokes Gold Nanoparticles with Higher ROS Quantum Yield as Theranostic Probe to Arrest Cancer and MDR Bacteria. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6979-6993. [PMID: 36976503 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04475-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has recently become significant as a clinical modality for cancer therapy and multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections, replacing conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy protocols. PDT involves the excitation of certain nontoxic molecules called photosensitizers (PS), applying a specific wavelength of light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to treat cancer cells and other pathogens. Rhodamine 6G (R6G) is a well-known laser dye with poor aqueous solubility, and lower sensitivity poses an issue in using PS for PDT. Nanocarrier systems are needed to deliver R6G to cancer targets since PDT requires a higher accumulation of PS. It was found that R6G-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have a higher ROS quantum yield of 0.92 compared to 0.3 in an aqueous R6G solution, increasing their potency as PS. Cytotoxicity assessment on A549 cells and antibacterial assay on MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from a sewage treatment plant are the evidence to support efficient PDT. In addition to their enhanced quantum yields, the decorated particles are effective in generating fluorescent signals that can be used for cellular imaging and real-time optical imaging, and the presence of AuNP is a valuable addition to CT imaging. Furthermore, the fabricated particle exhibits anti-Stokes properties, which makes it suitable for use as a background-free biological imaging agent. As a result, R6G-conjugated AuNP is an effective theranostic agent that prevents the progression of cancer and MDR bacteria, along with contrasting abilities in medical imaging with minimal toxicity observed in in vitro and in vivo assays using zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Symone Crowder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA
| | - Debanjana Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Science Building West, Edwardsville, IL, 62026-1652, USA
| | - Pemula Gowtham
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India.
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Janani G, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Supremacy of nanoparticles in the therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia. ADMET DMPK 2023; 11:499-511. [PMID: 37937247 PMCID: PMC10626512 DOI: 10.5599/admet.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The reciprocal translocation of the ABL gene from chromosome 9 to chromosome 22 near the BCR gene gives rise to chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The translocation results in forming the Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL) tyrosine kinase. CML results in an increase in the number of white blood cells and alteration in tyrosine kinase expression. CML prognosis includes three stages, namely chronic, accelerated, and blast. The diagnosis method involves a CT scan, biopsy, and complete blood count. However, due to certain disadvantages, early diagnosis of CML is not possible by traditional methods. Nanotechnology offers many advantages in diagnosing and treating cancer. Experimental approach We searched PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using the keywords Philadelphia chromosome, bionanotechnology, tyrosine kinase pathway, half-life, passive targeting, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles. The relevant papers and the classical papers in this field were selected to write about in this review. Key results The sensitivity and specificity of an assay can be improved by nanoparticles. Utilizing this property, peptides, antibodies, aptamers, etc., in the form of nanoparticles, can be used to detect cancer at a much earlier stage. The half-life of the drug is also increased by nanoformulation. The nanoparticle-coated drugs can easily escape from the immune system. Conclusion Depending on their type, nanoparticles can be categorized into organic, inorganic and hybrid. Each type has its advantages. Organic nanoparticles have good biocompatibility, inorganic nanoparticles increase the half-life of the drugs. In this review, we highlight the nanoparticles involved in treating CML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
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Pallavi P, Harini K, Elboughdiri N, Gowtham P, Girigoswami K, Girigoswami A. Infections associated with SARS-CoV-2 exploited via nanoformulated photodynamic therapy. ADMET DMPK 2023; 11:513-531. [PMID: 37937246 PMCID: PMC10626507 DOI: 10.5599/admet.1883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The pandemic of COVID-19 has highlighted the need for managing infectious diseases, which spreads by airborne transmission leading to serious health, social, and economic issues. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus with a 60-140 nm diameter and particle-like features, which majorly accounts for this disease. Expanding diagnostic capabilities, developing safe vaccinations with long-lasting immunity, and formulating effective medications are the strategies to be investigated. Experimental approach For the literature search, electronic databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were used as the source. Search terms like 'Nano-mediated PDT,' 'PDT for SARS-CoV-2', and 'Nanotechnology in treatment for SARS-CoV-2' were used. Out of 275 initially selected articles, 198 were chosen after the abstract screening. During the full-text screening, 80 papers were excluded, and 18 were eliminated during data extraction. Preference was given to articles published from 2018 onwards, but a few older references were cited for their valuable information. Key results Synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) have a close structural resemblance to viruses and interact greatly with their proteins due to their similarities in the configurations. NPs had previously been reported to be effective against a variety of viruses. In this way, with nanoparticles, photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be a viable alternative to antibiotics in fighting against microbial infections. The protocol of PDT includes the activation of photosensitizers using specific light to destroy microorganisms in the presence of oxygen, treating several respiratory diseases. Conclusion The use of PDT in treating COVID-19 requires intensive investigations, which has been reviewed in this manuscript, including a computational approach to formulating effective photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN-603103, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN-603103, India
| | - Noureddine Elboughdiri
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il 81441, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineers Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6029, Tunisia
| | - Pemula Gowtham
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN-603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN-603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN-603103, India
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Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Potential Applications of Nanoparticles in Improving the Outcome of Lung Cancer Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1370. [PMID: 37510275 PMCID: PMC10379962 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is managed using conventional therapies, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of both. Each of these therapies has its own limitations, such as the indiscriminate killing of normal as well as cancer cells, the solubility of the chemotherapeutic drugs, rapid clearance of the drugs from circulation before reaching the tumor site, the resistance of cancer cells to radiation, and over-sensitization of normal cells to radiation. Other treatment modalities include gene therapy, immunological checkpoint inhibitors, drug repurposing, and in situ cryo-immune engineering (ICIE) strategy. Nanotechnology has come to the rescue to overcome many shortfalls of conventional therapies. Some of the nano-formulated chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as nanoparticles and nanostructures with surface modifications, have been used for effective cancer cell killing and radio sensitization, respectively. Nano-enabled drug delivery systems act as cargo to deliver the sensitizer molecules specifically to the tumor cells, thereby enabling the radiation therapy to be more effective. In this review, we have discussed the different conventional chemotherapies and radiation therapies used for inhibiting lung cancer. We have also discussed the improvement in chemotherapy and radiation sensitization using nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
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Gowtham P, Harini K, Thirumalai A, Pallavi P, Girigoswami K, Girigoswami A. Synthetic routes to theranostic applications of carbon-based quantum dots. ADMET DMPK 2023; 11:457-485. [PMID: 37937240 PMCID: PMC10626517 DOI: 10.5599/admet.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Modern technologies are making advanced paths to address emerging issues. The development of carbon dots (CDs) technology at a tiny level has been researched to have made impeccable strides in advancing the modern scientific field, especially in nanomedicine. Experimental Approach Researchers have gained much attention on CDs of their unique properties in the synthesis, easy surface modifications, excellent optical properties, low toxicity, and water solubility. Doping carbon dots with other elements makes them more convenient for their use in the medical sector. Key Results The manuscript provides a detailed discussion of the two main methods, including the hydrothermal pathway. CDs are synthesized bottom-up by building up molecules at the atomic scale and top-down by transforming large carbon particles into nanoscale dimensions. Conclusion The present article discussed the role, importance, and recent advancements in the synthesis of CDs, by using various approaches giving importance to the hydrothermal process. Recent investigations, their mechanism, and theranostic applications have also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN-603 103, India
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Girigoswami K, R SD, Girigoswami A, Chakraborty S. Detection of Food Contaminants using Nanotechnology- A mini review. CNF 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401319666230228142157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract:
Ingestion of microbial-contaminated food causes severe health issues due to the outburst of serious foodborne diseases. To prevent these situations, sensitive and precise detection of toxins and identification of pathogenic microbes are very important in today’s world. Different types of toxins include natural, chemical, and metal toxins. Based on their origin, natural toxins are classified into biotoxins which are produced by microorganisms (algal, bacteria, fungal), animal toxins, and phytotoxins. Researchers enabled the use of nanomaterials in biosensors, enhancing sensitivity, stability, and specificity. Nanomaterials like gold, silver, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnetic nanoparticles, and quantum dots were commonly used to develop biosensors. Thus, this mini-review summarizes the old conventional and new analytical methods for detecting a few natural toxins present in different food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sakthi devi R
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Swati Chakraborty
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Kanchrapara College (University of Kalyani), Kanchrapara, North 24 Parganas, 743145, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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Gowtham P, Girigoswami K, Pallavi P, Girigoswami A. Emerging Nano-based Therapeutic Approaches for Neurogenetic Disorders. Biomed Res Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.15419/bmrat.v10i2.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Saraswathi N, Girigoswami K, Divya KC, Kumar SG, Girigoswami A. Degree of Gelatination on Ag-Nanoparticles to Inactivate Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Biofilm Isolated from Sewage Treatment Plant. Curr Drug Deliv 2023; 20:566-574. [PMID: 35579148 DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666220509160432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overuse and improper dosage of antibiotics have generated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), a well-known bacterial strain can establish MDR leading to a variety of infections in humans. Furthermore, these PA strains hold the ability to form biofilms by generating extracellular polymeric substances on the surface of medical tools and critical care units. To supersede the infectious effect of MDR organisms, silver nanoparticles have been known to be the choice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hence, the present study concentrates on the engineering of varying concentrations of gelatin-based polymeric hydrogel embedded with silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) for controlled bactericidal activity against MDR PA biofilms. Biofilms formation by MDR PA was confirmed microscopically and spectroscopy was taken as a tool to characterize and analyze the efficacy at every stage of experiments. RESULTS When MDR PA biofilms were treated with G-AgNPs prepared with 5 % gelatin concentration (AgNP3), they exhibited superior bactericidal activity. Furthermore, a dose-dependent study showed that 800 nM of AgNP3 could inhibit the growth of MDR PA. CONCLUSION Hence it can be concluded that silver nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of 5% gelatin can act as a bactericidal agent in the inactivation of MDR PA biofilms, thereby controlling the infections caused by these biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraj Saraswathi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Kurunchi Chellapathi Divya
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Subbaraj Gowtham Kumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
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Girigoswami A, Adhikesavan H, Mudenkattil S, Devi S, Girigoswami K. Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Doxorubicin in Improving Cancer Management: A Mini Review. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2640-2654. [PMID: 37957864 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128270290231029161741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the significant issues with public health and the second leading cause of death worldwide. The three most lethal cancers in the general population are stomach, lung, and liver cancers, in which lung and breast cancers cause the majority of cancer-associated deaths among men and women, respectively. CeO2 nanoparticles have a cytoprotectant effect in normal cells and a cytotoxic effect in cancer cells that enables them to induce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production within cancer cells, which in turn develops reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that interfere with intracellular activities, and this property makes them an excellent anticancer agent. Because of its biofilm suppression, free radical scavenging ability, redox activity, and other unique properties, attention has been bestowed on cerium oxide nanoparticles as a potential alternative to solve many biomedical issues in the future. This review mainly focuses on the combinatorial effect of cerium dioxide nanoparticles and Doxorubicin in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Harini Adhikesavan
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Shurfa Mudenkattil
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sobita Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
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Balasubramanian D, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Modernization of Food Packaging Materials with Nanotechnology-A Mini Review. Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric 2023; 14:72-83. [PMID: 37563817 DOI: 10.2174/2772574x14666230626105930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Food toxins can be of natural origin, chemicals, or inadvertent additives that get incorporated during food packaging and processing. When food is contaminated with bacteria or viruses, or other contaminants, serious foodborne diseases arise, causing severe health issues. To overcome these issues, proper food processing and packaging needs to be addressed to protect humans and animals from foodborne diseases. There are many smart food packaging materials that have evolved recently. Researchers enabled the use of nanomaterials in food packaging and have improved the efficacy of food packaging. In this mini-review, the objectives are to summarize the different types of food contaminants, conventional food packaging materials, and recent developments in nanotechnology-based food packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Balasubramanian
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital, and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital, and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital, and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
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Chatterjee S, Harini K, Girigoswami A, Nag M, Lahiri D, Girigoswami K. Nanodecoys: A Quintessential Candidate to Augment Theranostic Applications for a Plethora of Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010073. [PMID: 36678701 PMCID: PMC9865542 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) designed for various theranostic purposes have hugely impacted scientific research in the field of biomedicine, bringing forth hopes of a future revolutionized area called nanomedicine. A budding advancement in this area is the conjugation of various cell membranes onto nanoparticles to develop biomimetic cells called 'Nanodecoys' (NDs), which can imitate the functioning of natural cells. This technology of coating cell membranes on NPs has enhanced the working capabilities of nano-based techniques by initiating effective navigation within the bodily system. Due to the presence of multiple functional moieties, nanoparticles coated with cell membranes hold the ability to interact with complex biological microenvironments inside the body with ease. Although developed with the initial motive to increase the time of circulation in the bloodstream and stability by coating membranes of red blood cells, it has further outstretched a wide range of cell lines, such as mesenchymal stem cells, beta cells, thrombocytes, white blood cells, and cancer cells. Thus, these cells and the versatile properties they bring along with them open up a brand-new domain in the biomedical industry where different formulations of nanoparticles can be used in appropriate dosages to treat a plethora of diseases. This review comprises recent investigations of nanodecoys in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampreeti Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibyajit Lahiri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+91-9600060358
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Balasubramanian D, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Antimicrobial, Pesticidal and Food Preservative Applications of Lemongrass Oil Nanoemulsion: A Mini-Review. Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric 2022; 13:51-58. [PMID: 35638282 DOI: 10.2174/2212798412666220527154707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential oils that are extracted from plants have shown beneficial effects on humans and animals, evidenced by traditional medicine. They possess many essential phytocomponents that act as antimicrobial agents, and most of them are safe for external usage. INTRODUCTION Lemongrass essential oil is extracted from the grass, such as Cymbopogon flexuosus, and is used for antimicrobial activity for a long time. The efficacy of this oil is limited due to the poor solubility and microbial penetration, easy vaporization, and lower stability. Nanoformulations and nanoencapsulations are nanotechnology fields that aim to improve the bioavailability of many natural compounds and enhance their stability. Lemongrass oil has also been nanoformulated as nanoemulsion, and various antimicrobial activities against various pathogens have been demonstrated, which are superior to free lemongrass oil. METHODOLOGY We have used the search engines PubMed and Google Scholar for the mentioned keywords and selected the recent references related to this topic. CONCLUSION In this review, we have discussed various antimicrobial properties of lemongrass essential oil nanoemulsion and its application, such as antibacterial, antifungal, pesticidal, food preservative, and antibiofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Balasubramanian
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
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Elboughdiri N, Javid K, Ahmed I, Naz H, Khan SU, Salih AA, Girigoswami A. Peristaltic pumping of hybrid nanofluid between concentric tubes with magnetic device effects: Applications to human endoscopy. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Harini K, Girigoswami K, Anand AV, Pallavi P, Gowtham P, Elboughdiri N, Girigoswami A. Nano-mediated Strategies for Metal Ion–Induced Neurodegenerative Disorders: Focus on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2022; 8:450-463. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-022-00307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
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Sakthi Devi R, Girigoswami A, Siddharth M, Girigoswami K. Applications of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles in Theranostics. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4187-4219. [PMID: 35551613 PMCID: PMC9099041 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology sculptures the current scenario of science and technology. The word nano refers 'small' which ranges from 10 to 100 nm in size. Silver and gold nanoparticles can be synthesized at nanoscale and have unique biological properties like antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. In this mini review, we shall discuss the various applications of silver and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the field of therapy, imaging, biomedical devices and in cancer diagnosis. The usage of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) in dentistry and dental implants, therapeutic abilities like wound dressings, silver impregnated catheters, ventricular drainage catheters, combating orthopedic infections, and osteointegration will be elaborated. Gold nanoparticles in recent years have garnered large importance in bio medical applications. They are being used in diagnosis and have recently seen a surge in therapeutics. In this mini review, we shall see about the various applications of AuNP and AgNP, and highlight their evolution in theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sakthi Devi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu, 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu, 603103, India
| | - M Siddharth
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu, 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu, 603103, India.
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Agraharam G, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Calorie restriction and extracellular ATP on health and longevity- A perspective. CNF 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666220531111219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Oxidative stress is known to be generated within the organism by endogenous cellular mechanisms and can also be generated by external factors. Oxidative stress is known to be involved in various disease pathologies such as cancer, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, ageing etc. The chronic/acute exposure to oxidative stress can easily damage cellular integrity through damaging the cellular DNA, mitochondrial DNA, proteins and other organelles that leads to malfunctioning of organs in the process of ageing. Mitochondrial respiration is one of the causes involved in the production of reactive oxygen species while generating bioenergetics (ATP) that provides energy to the cell for maintaining the cellular integrity through the electron transport chain mechanism and on the other side it generates free-radicals which could cause damage to the cellular organelles and biomolecules. In relation with this context, longevity through calorie restriction method could be due to the generation of lower reactive oxygen species and age-related diseases in vivo but accelerating loss of brains grey matter that could be due to the depletion in energy. This is because, intracellular ATP is the vital source of energy, extracellular ATP acts as signalling molecules. Use of advanced technology such as nanotechnology for the internalization of extracellular ATP, and to use it as external source of energy could provide energy for maintaining cellular integrity, improve the healthy longevity status when combined with calorie restriction method. In this perspective article we have presented a brief overview and our hypothesis that suggest that the calorie restriction and extracellular ATP treatment could circumvent the mitochondrial pathway and alleviates oxidative stress thereby improving health and enhance longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopikrishna Agraharam
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute,
Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute,
Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute,
Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
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Poornima G, Harini K, Pallavi P, Gowtham P, Girigoswami K, Girigoswami A. RNA – A choice of potential drug delivery system. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2058946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Govindharaj Poornima
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Karthick Harini
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Pragya Pallavi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Pemula Gowtham
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
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Nishakavya S, Girigoswami A, Gopikrishna A, Deepa R, Divya A, Ajith S, Girigoswami K. Size Attenuated Copper Doped Zirconia Nanoparticles Enhances In Vitro Antimicrobial Properties. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3435-3452. [PMID: 35366183 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03875-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation hinders the activity of antimicrobial drugs at the site of infections and any agent that can act on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting the bacterial growth and rupturing the biofilm is needed to manage infection. In the present study, we have synthesized zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) and copper doped zirconia nanoparticles (Cu-ZrO2 NPs) and characterized them using dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The size of the Cu-ZrO2 NPs drastically reduced compared to ZrO2 NPs, and the antimicrobial activity was studied against Gram-positive bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), respectively. The synthesized Cu-ZrO2 NPs showed superior inhibitory action against Lactobacillus sp. compared to ZrO2 NPs, due to the negatively charged cell wall of Lactobacillus sp., which could attract readily the positively charged Cu-ZrO2 NPs, thereby inhibiting its activity. The biocompatibility was tested using XTT assay in FL cells, and the results demonstrated that Cu-ZrO2 NPs were nontoxic to mammalian cells. Hence, it could be proposed that the synthesized Cu-ZrO2 NPs possess possible biomedical applications and can be used as antibacterial agents without causing toxicity in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nishakavya
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - A Gopikrishna
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - R Deepa
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - A Divya
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - S Ajith
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVEIW The root cause of many diseases like CVD, cancer, and aging is free radicals which exert their effect by interfering with different metabolic pathways. The sources of free radicals can be exogenous, like UV rays from sunlight, and endogenous due to different metabolic by-products.In our body, there are defense mechanisms present, such as antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant molecules to combat these free radicals, but if there is an overload of these free radicals in our body, the defense system may not be sufficient to neutralize these free radicals. In such situations, we are exposed to a chronic low dose of oxidants creating oxidative stress, which is responsible for eliciting different diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Pubmed and Google Scholar are the search engines used to sort out relevant papers on myricetin and its role in combating many diseases. Myricetin is present in many fruits and vegetables and is a known antioxidant. It can elevate the antioxidant enzyme levels; reduces the lipid peroxidation; and is known to protect against cancer. In the case of myocardial dysfunction, myricetin has been shown to suppress the inflammatory cytokines and reduced the mortality rate. Myricetin has also been found to reduce platelet aggregation and control the viral infections by interfering in the DNA replication pathways. SUMMARY In this paper, we have briefly reviewed about the different type and site of free radicals and the role of myricetin in addressing the ROS and different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopikrishna Agraharam
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamilnadu India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamilnadu India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103 Tamilnadu India
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Yamini S, Gunaseelan M, Gangadharan A, Lopez SA, Martirosyan KS, Girigoswami A, Roy B, Manonmani J, Jayaraman S. Upconversion, MRI imaging and optical trapping studies of silver nanoparticle decorated multifunctional NaGdF4:Yb,Er nanocomposite. Nanotechnology 2021; 33. [PMID: 34753112 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac37e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The multifunctional upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are fascinating tool for biological applications. In the present work, photon upconverting NaGdF4:Yb,Er and Ag nanoparticles decorated NaGdF4:Yb,Er (NaGdF4:Yb,Er@Ag) nanoparticles were prepared using a simple polyol process. Rietveld refinement was performed for detailed crystal structural and phase fraction analysis. The morphology of the NaGdF4:Yb,Er@Ag was examined using high-resolution transmission electron microscope, which reveals silver nanoparticles of 8 nm in size were decorated over spherical shaped NaGdF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles with a mean particle size of 90 nm. The chemical compositions were confirmed by EDAX and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry analyses. The upconversion luminescence (UCL) of NaGdF4:Yb,Er at 980 nm excitation showed an intense red emission. After incorporating the silver nanoparticles, the UCL intensity decreased due to weak scattering and surface plasmon resonance effect. The VSM magnetic measurement indicates both the UCNPs possess paramagnetic behaviour. The NaGdF4:Yb,Er@Ag showed computed tomography imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging study exhibited better T1 weighted relaxivity in the NaGdF4:Yb,Er than the commercial Gd-DOTA. For the first time, the optical trapping was successfully demonstrated for the upconversion NaGdF4:Yb,Er nanoparticle at near-infrared 980 nm light using an optical tweezer setup. The optically trapped UCNP possessing paramagnetic property exhibited a good optical trapping stiffness. The UCL of trapped single UCNP is recorded to explore the effect of the silver nanoparticles. The multifunctional properties for the NaGdF4:Yb,Er@Ag nanoparticle are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamini
- Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Gunaseelan
- Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajithkumar Gangadharan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States of America
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Silverio A Lopez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX, 78520, United States of America
| | - Karen S Martirosyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX, 78520, United States of America
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basudev Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Manonmani
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-E-Millath Government College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai 600 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Girigoswami K, Anon D, Srinivasan N, Girigoswami A. Fate of stem cells grown on the extracellular matrix isolated from cancer cells and their possible applications in tissue engineering. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v120/i10/1616-1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Background:
Economic development and vast changes in food habits have accelerated
the consumption of junk foods, which are the leading causes of several disorders that turn the majority
of the people to use various herbal formulations or drugs for preventing various lifestyle diseases.
Nutraceuticals are the borderline apparatus between nutrients and drugs that provide supplementation
of the particular nutrient with a favorable health effect.
Objective:
Various nutraceutical compounds like vitamins, spices, polyphenols, prebiotics, and probiotics
in the form of powders, tablets, and capsules are currently marketed globally. Among them,
previous literature have reported that polyphenols are the most promising compounds that have
been proven to treat various chronic diseases like cancer, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), osteoporosis,
osteoarthritis, dyslipidemia, multiple sclerosis, congenital anomalies, Alzheimer’s disease,
etc. It is warranted to discuss the benefits of nanoformulations of nutraceuticals.
Methods:
We have searched PubMed using the keywords nutraceuticals, nanoformulations, therapeutic
approaches, bionanotechnology, and therapeutics. The relevant papers and classical papers
in this field were selected to write this review.
Results and Discussion:
The different classifications of nutraceuticals were described in this review.
The comparison between the different categories of nutraceuticals with their nanoformulated
forms was made, explaining the benefits of nanoformulations regarding stability, bioavailability,
enhanced anti-oxidant properties, etc. A glimpse of the drawbacks of nanoformulations was also included.
Conclusion:
The current review highlights an overview of various nanoformulated nutraceuticals
and their approach towards the treatment of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli De
- Department of Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Agraharam Gopikrishna
- Department of Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Vedhantham Keerthana
- Department of Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Department of Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Department of Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
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Abstract
The importance of stem cell growth and its fate is highly essential for the use of stem cells in therapy and regeneration. There are conflicting evidences regarding the actual role of stem cells when injected into a patient towards damage recovery and its lifespan inside the body. Tumor microenvironment differs from that of normal cells and may have a role in the growth of stem cells when associated with them. In cancer, the uncontrolled growth of cells remodels the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM alteration occurs as the mutated fibroblast cells release growth factors into the ECM which further alters the ECM directly or changes the epithelial cells and then alters the ECM. In this review we will discuss about the components and functions of ECM and how does it differ in cancer cells compared to normal cells. Abnormal dynamics of the ECM and its role in cancer progression will also be discussed. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Devender Saini
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamilnadu, India
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Abstract
Molecular imaging has gained utmost importance in the recent past in early diagnosis of diseases. In comparison to other imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to extend its abilities not only for its usage of non-ionizing radiation but also for the high spatial resolution in soft tissues. A major limitation faced by MRI is the sensitivity in detecting diseased conditions until a certain stage. At present, this limitation is overcome with the use of contrast agents that show potential in altering the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the hydrogen protons. This modulation to the relaxation times leads to better contrast differences based on the type of contrast agent and the pulse sequence being engaged for acquiring images. Water molecules, as the major contributor of hydrogen protons, are proven to interact with such contrast agents. Major drawbacks noted with the marketed MRI contrast agents are their toxicity and renal clearance. To conquer these issues, magnetic nanomaterials are being researched for their abilities to match the contrast enhancement offered by traditional agents reducing their drawbacks. Furthermore, comparative diagnosis with both T1 and T2 contrast at the same time has also interested investigators. To achieve this, twin mode T1 and T2 weighted contrast agents are developed utilizing the remarkable properties extended by magnetic nanoplatforms. As a step forward, multimodal imaging agents are also being engineered based on these magnetic nanoplatforms that will generate cross-verified diagnoses using multiple imaging modalities with a unique imaging agent. This review starts by introducing the basics of MRI with major focus on the typical interactions of water molecules with a variety of magnetic nanomaterials. The review also concentrates on the clinical needs and nanomaterials available for twin T1 and T2 contrast with a minor introduction to multimodal imaging agents. In conclusion, the advent of MRI with the advantages offered by magnetic nanomaterials is summarized, leading to insights for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Haribabu
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Palani Sharmiladevi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
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Metkar SK, Girigoswami A, Vijayashree R, Girigoswami K. Attenuation of subcutaneous insulin induced amyloid mass in vivo using Lumbrokinase and Serratiopeptidase. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:128-134. [PMID: 32615214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The protein misfolded structure called amyloids is related with extensive range of pathologies like local amyloidosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Several studies have reported the potential of insulin to generate local amyloidosis under certain state. Reports also showed that fibrils of insulin generated local amyloid mass due to continuous subcutaneous injection in mouse as well as rat. The present study was designed to examine the consequence of insulin fibril injections in rats, as well as the ability of enzymes, Lumbrokinase (LK) and Serratiopeptidase (SP) in diminishing this amyloid mass progression. The results showed that insulin fibrils generated amyloid masses in rats after subcutaneous injection for two weeks which was significantly condensed in size for the groups injected with insulin fibrils combined with LK or SP. At higher doses of LK and SP, the absence of amyloid structure was observed in histopathological studies. Light microscopy, polarized microscopy as well as Lumia live in vivo imaging system was used to analyze the results. In conclusion, the overall outcome of this study showed the anti-amyloid potential of enzyme LK and SP in the attenuation of local amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kisan Metkar
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - R Vijayashree
- Department of Pathology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India.
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Girigoswami K, Girigoswami A. A Review on the Role of Nanosensors in Detecting Cellular miRNA Expression in Colorectal Cancer. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:12-26. [PMID: 32410567 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200515115723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death across the globe. Early diagnosis with high sensitivity can prevent CRC progression, thereby reducing the condition of metastasis. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is (i) to discuss miRNA based biomarkers responsible for CRC, (ii) to brief on the different methods used for the detection of miRNA in CRC, (iii) to discuss different nanobiosensors so far found for the accurate detection of miRNAs in CRC using spectrophotometric detection, piezoelectric detection. METHODS The keywords for the review like micro RNA detection in inflammation, colorectal cancer, nanotechnology, were searched in PubMed and the relevant papers on the topics of miRNA related to CRC, nanotechnology-based biosensors for miRNA detection were then sorted and used appropriately for writing the review. RESULTS The review comprises a general introduction explaining the current scenario of CRC, the biomarkers used for the detection of different cancers, especially CRC and the importance of nanotechnology and a general scheme of a biosensor. The further subsections discuss the mechanism of CRC progression, the role of miRNA in CRC progression and different nanotechnology-based biosensors so far investigated for miRNA detection in other diseases, cancer and CRC. A scheme depicting miRNA detection using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is also illustrated. CONCLUSION This review may give insight into the different nanostructures, like AuNPs, quantum dots, silver nanoparticles, MoS2derived nanoparticles, etc., based approaches for miRNA detection using biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603103, India
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Metkar SK, Ghosh S, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. The Potential of Serratiopetidase and Lumbrokinase for the Degradation of Prion Peptide 106-126 - an In Vitro and In Silico Perspective. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 18:723-731. [PMID: 31642793 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666191021150002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PrPC is a host-encoded prion protein, which gets post translationally modified into a transmissible, β-sheet rich disease associated protein called PrPSc, responsible for the Prion disease including mad cow disease in cattle and CJD in humans. The PrP 106-126 region in PrPSc peptide initiates the conformational change in that protein leading to fibrillation. Any agent that can destabilize or disintegrate such proteins can be served as a potential drug candidate for Prion diseases. METHODS In the present study, an enzyme Lumbrokinase (LK) was isolated from earthworm and its activity was exploited towards PrP 106-126 amyloids in vitro along with another enzyme Serratiopeptidase (SP) taking Nattokinase (NK) as a standard. RESULTS The results showed that PrP 106-126 amyloid formation was inhibited by both LK and SP, as evidenced from Thioflavin T fluorescence assay. Further, the size of fibrils as estimated by dynamic light scattering, was also found to be lower at different time intervals after incubation of the prion amyloids with LK and SP. Additionally, the molecular dynamics simulation revealed the thermodynamically favorable interaction of PrP 106-126 with LK as well as with SP with high affinity. CONCLUSION Finally, the toxicity of the disintegrated amyloids was assessed using PC12 cell lines which showed higher cell viability in case of LK and SP treated amyloids compared to only PrP 106- 126 amyloid treatment. Altogether, the study concluded that the serine proteases like LK and SP have the potential to disintegrate PrP 106-126 amyloids with improved cell viability. The in vivo studies are needed to be executed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kisan Metkar
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Suparna Ghosh
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
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Girigoswami A. Meet Our Editorial Board Member. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/138620732205190808104005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Department of Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE) Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
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Abstract
Owing to the limitations of conventional therapies, there has been an increasing need for nanomedicines for real-time diagnosis and effective treatment of life-threatening diseases. Despite the conceptual and technological success achieved by researchers worldwide, the complexities of biological systems, efficient engineering and formulation of monodispersed nanomedicines, inadequate information on bio–nano interactions, issues on health hazards, clinical trials and commercialization have set new challenges in biomedical research. This review highlights how the biological membrane improves the performance of nanomedicines in drug delivery. With the list of nanomedicines getting longer gradually to overcome the drawbacks of conventional therapeutics, it is important to concentrate on the interactions between nanostructures and living systems in order to improve the biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy of functional nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Ghosh
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India
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Girigoswami A, Ramalakshmi M, Akhtar N, Metkar SK, Girigoswami K. ZnO Nanoflower petals mediated amyloid degradation - An in vitro electrokinetic potential approach. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2019; 101:169-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Das B, Girigoswami A, Dutta A, Pal P, Dutta J, Dadhich P, Srivas PK, Dhara S. Carbon Nanodots Doped Super-paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Multimodal Bioimaging and Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration via External Magnetic Actuation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3549-3560. [PMID: 33405737 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have multiple theranostics applications such as T2 contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electromagnetic manipulations in biomedical devices, sensors, and regenerative medicines. However, SPIONs suffer from the limitation of free radical generation, and this has a certain limitation in its applicability in tissue imaging and regeneration applications. In the current study, we developed a simple hydrothermal method to prepare carbon quantum dots (CD) doped SPIONs (FeCD) from easily available precursors. The nanoparticles are observed to be cytocompatible, hemocompatible, and capable of scavenging free radicals in vitro. They also have been observed to be useful for bimodal imaging (fluorescence and MRI). Further, 3D printed gelatin-FeCD nanocomposite nanoparticles were prepared and used for tissue engineering using static magnetic actuation. Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on them with magnetic actuation and implanted at the subcutaneous region. The tissues obtained have shown features of both osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of the stem cells in vivo. In vitro, PCR studies show MSCs express gene expression of both bone and cartilage-specific markers, suggesting FeCDs under magnetic actuation can lead MSCs to go through differentiating into an endochondral ossification route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodhisatwa Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603103, India
| | - Abir Dutta
- Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Pallabi Pal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Joy Dutta
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Prabhash Dadhich
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Srivas
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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Thendral V, Dharshni T, Ramalakshmi M, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Cerium oxide nanocluster based nanobiosensor for ROS detection. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Das B, Girigoswami A, Pal P, Dhara S. Manganese oxide-carbon quantum dots nano-composites for fluorescence/magnetic resonance (T1) dual mode bioimaging, long term cell tracking, and ROS scavenging. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2019; 102:427-436. [PMID: 31147013 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal long-term imaging probes with capability of extracting complementary information are highly important in biomedical engineering for disease diagnosis and monitoring of therapeutics distribution. However, most of the theranostics probes used are transient and have inherent problem of toxicity mostly related to generation of free radicals. In current study, a simple microwave assisted synthesis of multimodal imaging nanoprobe (T1 contrast in MR/fluorescence) is reported via doping carbon quantum dots into manganese oxide nanoparticles. The nanostructures were characterized by US-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, XRD, AFM and XPS. The average particle size was observed to be around 20-40 nm with a height of 7-9 nm and approximate quantum yield of 0.23. The nanostructures were useful for bio imaging and cell tracking via fluorescence microscopy up to 12 generations with nominal cytotoxicity. The material was capable of scavenging free radicals from cellular microenvironment and downregulate gene expression of free radical scavenging enzymes. The material has significant relaxivity (r1) value of 3.98 mM-1.sec-1 at 1.5 T. It was also observed to create significant contrast with high circulation time (30 min) and renal clearance property. The histological analysis of kidney and liver sections were observed to have no significant toxicity from the nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodhisatwa Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, WB, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pallabi Pal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, WB, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, WB, India.
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Sharmiladevi P, Akhtar N, Haribabu V, Girigoswami K, Chattopadhyay S, Girigoswami A. Excitation Wavelength Independent Carbon-Decorated Ferrite Nanodots for Multimodal Diagnosis and Stimuli Responsive Therapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2019; 2:1634-1642. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Palani Sharmiladevi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Najim Akhtar
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Viswanathan Haribabu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | | | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
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Haribabu V, Sharmiladevi P, Akhtar N, Farook AS, Girigoswami K, Girigoswami A. Label Free Ultrasmall Fluoromagnetic Ferrite-clusters for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Drug Delivery. Curr Drug Deliv 2018; 16:233-241. [PMID: 30451110 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666181119112410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The label free ultrasmall fluorescent ferrite clusters have been engineered in a controlled fashion which was stabilized by serum protein and functionalized by folic acid for the application of targeted multimodal optical and Magnetic Resonance (MR) cancer imaging. METHODS The ultra-small manganese ferrite nanoclusters (PMNCs) with a diameter of 4 nm have a commendable effect on the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation in MR imaging that was evident from the phantom and animal MRI. RESULTS The calculated longitudinal molar relaxivity of nanoclusters was found to be 6.9 ± 0.10 mM-1 S-1 which was exactly 2.22 times better than the conventional Gd-DOTA and their 4.01 ratio of the transverse (r2) and longitudinal (r1) relaxivities made them a potential candidate for both T1 and T2 contrast agents in MRI. In addition, the fluorescence-based small animal imaging showed folic acid driven accumulated fluorescent signal at the tumour site to conclude the capacity of PMNCs for targeted fluorescence imaging of cancer diagnosis. CONCLUSION The cytotoxicity assay and histopathology studies were the evidence for their safe biodistribution in animal systems. Furthermore, the protein encapsulated clusters have the ability to deliver the anticancer drug Methotrexate (MTX) to the cancer tissues with a sustained manner. Therefore, one can conclude the remarkable efficacy of architect nanoclusters for theragnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Haribabu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Palani Sharmiladevi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Najim Akhtar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Abubacker Sulaiman Farook
- Department of Radiology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
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Girigoswami A, Yassine W, Sharmiladevi P, Haribabu V, Girigoswami K. Camouflaged Nanosilver with Excitation Wavelength Dependent High Quantum Yield for Targeted Theranostic. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16459. [PMID: 30405190 PMCID: PMC6220276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study shows the thorough investigations on optical properties and hydrodynamic diameters of glutathione (GSH) stabilized nanosilver clusters (AgNC) at different stages of synthesis and engineering for the optimized absolute quantum yield to generate fluorescent images of Dalton Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) tumour bearing mice. The initial increment of quantum yield was wavelength dependent and finally it became 0.509 which was due to the camouflaging or entrapment of AgNC in macrophages membranes. The potentiality of macrophages membrane camouflaged silver nanoclusters (AgM) was reflected in the cell viability assay and confocal based live dead cell assay where the AgM has better cell killing effect compared to AgNC with reduced dosage and in vivo mice imaging generated the clear visualization at the tumour sites. Therefore, from the present study, it can be considered that the camouflaged nanosilver can be used for targeted theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India.
| | - Wafic Yassine
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Palani Sharmiladevi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Viswanathan Haribabu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
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Deepika R, Girigoswami K, Murugesan R, Girigoswami A. Influence of Divalent Cation on Morphology and Drug Delivery Efficiency of Mixed Polymer Nanoparticles. Curr Drug Deliv 2018; 15:652-657. [PMID: 28847271 DOI: 10.2174/1567201814666170825160617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biopolymeric nanoparticles comprising chitosan-alginate have attracted interest in drug delivery due to their protective nature, biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilicity. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to encapsulate levofloxacin in chitosan-alginate hybrid gel for controlled release and to evaluate the effect of divalent alkaline earth metal ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) on encapsulation efficiency and drug release kinetics considering their role in polyelectrolyte gelation method. METHOD Divalent metal ions control the rigidity and elasticity of the hydrogels and have the ability to change the shape and size of nanostructure formed by chitosan-alginate. The particle size increases and encapsulation efficiency decreases with the size of the divalent ions. Spherical shaped particles were formed by Mg2+ and Ca2+, whereas Sr2+ and Ba2+ produced non-spherical particles. RESULTS SEM image clearly shows transformation of sphere to truncated tetrahedron by Sr2+ and clear rod shape by Ba2+. CONCLUSION Therefore, it is concluded that metal ions have significant influence on the morphology and drug encapsulation and release profile of the chitosan-alginate hybrid polymer nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Deepika
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Ramachandran Murugesan
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
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