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Fraser K, Love P, Laws R, Campbell KJ, Spence A. Meal kit subscription services and opportunities to improve family vegetable consumption. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad155. [PMID: 37991401 PMCID: PMC10664410 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Popular commercial meal kit subscription services (MKSSs) may support families to overcome barriers to cooking and eating at home, and facilitate improved vegetable consumption. The global meal kit market has expanded rapidly creating a gap in our understanding of the health-promoting potential of MKSSs. This paper describes the contemporary MKSS market in Australia and provides a vegetable-specific content analysis of a sample of recipes. A 1-week subscription was purchased for all Australian-based MKSSs (n = 9) and websites were systematically reviewed to document key characteristics and recipe features. Vegetable content of all available recipes within a 1-week period were analysed. Our findings highlight the rapid expansion and evolution of MKSS market offerings over the past decade and their potential to support family vegetable consumption. Across all analysed recipes (n = 179), MKSSs provided a median of 2.5 vegetable serves per person (range 0.7-7.5 serves) and a median of 3 different types of vegetables from 2 vegetable subgroups (i.e. dark green, red and orange, starchy, legumes and all other vegetables). This suggests that MKSSs may support family vegetable consumption if families select recipes with a greater number and variety of vegetables. However, an opportunity remains for MKSSs to improve both vegetable quantity and variety to positively influence population health. Further research is required to describe how families use meal kits promoting a greater understanding of their potential to improve family nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Fraser
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Penelope Love
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Rachel Laws
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Alison Spence
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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Fraser K, Johnson BJ, Love P, Spence A, Laws R, Campbell KJ. Mapping the behaviour change potential of meal kits to positively influence parental food literacy. Public Health Nutr 2023; 27:e16. [PMID: 38037708 PMCID: PMC10825774 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002300263x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the theoretical potential of meal kit subscription services in Australia to promote parental food literacy using the retrospective application of behaviour change frameworks. DESIGN A one-week subscription was purchased for all Australian-based meal kit subscription services (n 9) to access content and features available to subscribers. Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) identified in the subscription and meal planning features, meal kit delivery (i.e. ingredients and recipes) and website were coded using the behaviour change technique taxonomy (BCTTv1) and associated behaviour change frameworks. Identified BCTs were mapped to the theoretical domains framework to identify potential mechanisms of action for influencing parental food literacy development. SETTING Australia. RESULTS Thirty-five BCTs were identified across the nine meal kit services reviewed, ranging from nineteen to twenty-nine BCTs per company. Sixteen BCTs were common to all meal kits services, from the hierarchical clusters of 'goals and planning', 'shaping knowledge', 'social support', 'natural consequences', 'comparison of behaviour', 'repetitions and substitution', 'associations', 'reward and threat', 'antecedents' and 'regulation'. Across the meal kit services, the most frequently identified mechanisms of action were motivation (n 27) and capability (n 19). CONCLUSION These findings support the applicability of behaviour change frameworks to commercial meal kit subscription services and provide a theory-informed process for identifying BCTs that may be relevant for promoting parental food literacy within this context. Further research is required to explore how families engage with meal kit subscription services to determine the exposure and delivery of identified BCT content and to evaluate the potential influence on food literacy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Fraser
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Brittany J Johnson
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Penelope Love
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Alison Spence
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Rachel Laws
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
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Spence A, Wallace T, Barracks E. FT-IR spectroscopy analysis of HF-treated mineral soils, a direct approach for deciphering organo-mineral interactions. MethodsX 2023; 10:102088. [PMID: 36926266 PMCID: PMC10011482 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil organic matter (SOM) constitutes roughly 60% organic carbon (OC) and therefore plays a crucial role in regulating global climate. However, our understanding of the long-term dynamics of the soil carbon pool remains constrained by limitations in analytical approaches capable of providing high resolution molecular-level information from arguably the most complex biomaterial on the planet. In this contribution, we combine hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment with a spectroscopic approach as a strategy to provide refined molecular-level information on the interactions between soil minerals and SOM. Critically, we have not seen the use of this combined approach anywhere in the literature and strongly believe that it could allow us to improve our overall understanding to the mechanisms and pathways that regulate SOM transformation. Results clearly illustrates which organic structures are preferentially adsorbed to soil minerals and are likely to be protected from degradation, as well as spatial co-variations of SOM with specific mineral components such as Al3+, Si4+ and dibasic cations such as Mg2+as a function of their importance in the interaction process.•Soil samples were collected from different land-use types in rural farming communities of the Upper Rio Grande Valley.•Samples were oven dried, disaggregated, sieved, treated with 10% HF, rinsed and oven dried.•Oven dried samples were subjected to Mid-infrared (4000-400 cm-1), XRD and ED-XRF analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spence
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - T Wallace
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - E Barracks
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
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Skouteris H, Green R, Chung A, Bergmeier H, Amir LH, Baidwan SK, Chater A, Chamberlain C, Emond R, Gibbons K, Gooey M, Hatzikiriakidis K, Haycraft E, Hills AP, Higgins DJ, Hooper O, Hunter S, Kappelides P, Kleve S, Krakouer J, Lumeng JC, Manios Y, Mansoor A, Marmot M, Mâsse LC, Matvienko‐Sikar K, Mchiza ZJ, Meyer C, Moschonis G, Munro ER, O'Connor TM, O'Neil A, Quarmby T, Sandford R, Schneiderman JU, Sherriff S, Simkiss D, Spence A, Sturgiss E, Vicary D, Wickes R, Wolfenden L, Story M, Black MM. Nurturing children's development through healthy eating and active living: Time for policies to support effective interventions in the context of responsive emotional support and early learning. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e6719-e6729. [PMID: 36401560 PMCID: PMC10946933 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fostering the growth, development, health, and wellbeing of children is a global priority. The early childhood period presents a critical window to influence lifelong trajectories, however urgent multisectoral action is needed to ensure that families are adequately supported to nurture their children's growth and development. With a shared vision to give every child the best start in life, thus helping them reach their full developmental potential, we have formed the International Healthy Eating Active Living Matters (HEALing Matters) Alliance. Together, we form a global network of academics and practitioners working across child health and development, and who are dedicated to improving health equity for children and their families. Our goal is to ensure that all families are free from structural inequality and oppression and are empowered to nurture their children's growth and development through healthy eating and physical activity within the context of responsive emotional support, safety and security, and opportunities for early learning. To date, there have been disparate approaches to promoting these objectives across the health, community service, and education sectors. The crucial importance of our collective work is to bring these priorities for early childhood together through multisectoral interventions, and in so doing tackle head on siloed approaches. In this Policy paper, we draw upon extensive research and call for collective action to promote equity and foster positive developmental trajectories for all children. We call for the delivery of evidence-based programs, policies, and services that are co-designed to meet the needs of all children and families and address structural and systemic inequalities. Moving beyond the "what" is needed to foster the best start to life for all children, we provide recommendations of "how" we can do this. Such collective impact will facilitate intergenerational progression that builds human capital in future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Skouteris
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
- Warwick Business SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | - Rachael Green
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Alexandra Chung
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Heidi Bergmeier
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Lisa H. Amir
- Judith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and MidwiferyLa Trobe UniversityVictoriaBundooraAustralia
| | | | - Angel Marie Chater
- Centre for Health, Wellbeing and Behaviour ChangeUniversity of BedfordshireLutonUK
| | - Catherine Chamberlain
- Judith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and MidwiferyLa Trobe UniversityVictoriaBundooraAustralia
- Centre for Health EquityThe University of MelbourneVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
- Ngangk Yira Research Centre for Aboriginal Health and Social EquityMurdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia
- The Lowitja InstituteCollingwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Kay Gibbons
- Institute for Health & SportVictoria UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Michelle Gooey
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Kostas Hatzikiriakidis
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Andrew P. Hills
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaTasmaniaLauncestonAustralia
| | | | - Oliver Hooper
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | | | - Pam Kappelides
- Department of ManagementLa Trobe UniversityVictoriaBundooraAustralia
| | - Sue Kleve
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityVictoriaClaytonAustralia
| | - Jacynta Krakouer
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaMelbourneAustralia
| | | | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and DieteticsHarokopio University of AthensAthensGreece
- Institute of Agri‐food and Life SciencesHellenic Mediterranean University Research CentreHeraklionGreece
| | - Athar Mansoor
- The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongHong Kong
| | | | - Louise C. Mâsse
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute/School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaBritish ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | | | - Zandile June‐Rose Mchiza
- Non‐communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council & School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeBellvilleSouth Africa
| | - Caroline Meyer
- Executive Office, Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health, Human Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityVictoriaBundooraAustralia
| | - Emily R. Munro
- Tilda Goldberg Centre for Social Work and Social CareUniversity of BedfordshireLutonUK
| | - Teresia Margareta O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineTexasHoustonUSA
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of MedicineDeakin UniversityVictoriaGeelongAustralia
| | | | - Rachel Sandford
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Janet U. Schneiderman
- Department of Nursing, Suzanne Dworak‐Peck School of Social WorkUniversity of Southern CaliforniaCaliforniaLos AngelesUSA
| | | | - Doug Simkiss
- Executive Office, Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK
- Aston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Alison Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Elizabeth Sturgiss
- School of Primary and Allied Health CareMonash UniversityFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Rebecca Wickes
- Griffith Criminology InstituteGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Mary Story
- Duke Global Health InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Maureen M. Black
- School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
- Research Triangle Institute InternationalResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
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Elford A, Spence A, Wakem A, Campbell KJ, Love P. Barriers and enablers to menu planning guideline implementation in Australian childcare centres and the role of government support services. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:1-10. [PMID: 35641313 PMCID: PMC9991762 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022001343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore government support service access, perceived barriers/enablers to menu planning and menu compliance in long day care (LDC) centres in Victoria, Australia, where the Victorian Government-funded Healthy Eating Advisory Service (HEAS) is available to provide free LDC menu planning support. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study design. Data were collected from online surveys with the option of uploading 2 weeks of menus and recipes. Menu compliance was scored for quantity, quality and variety. Barriers/enablers to menu planning guideline implementation were determined using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Independent t tests, one-way ANOVA and chi-square tests assessed relationships between characteristics, barriers/enablers and menu scores. SETTING Eighty-nine LDC centres that prepare food onsite. PARTICIPANTS LDC staff responsible for menu planning (n 89) and menus from eighteen centres. RESULTS Fifty-five per cent of centres had accessed HEAS. Of eighteen provided menus, only one menu was compliant with menu planning guidelines. HEAS access was associated with higher average scores in four of seven TDF domains, namely knowledge/awareness, skills/role, reinforcement/influence and optimism/intent. There were no correlations between menu score and barriers/enablers; however, menu quality scores were higher for those accessing HEAS. CONCLUSIONS Childcare-specific government support services may be an important public health nutrition strategy and may improve menu planning guideline implementation as well as menu quality; however, this does not necessarily translate into menu compliance. Research should confirm these findings in larger studies to ascertain uptake of these services. Public health efforts should focus on exploring barriers and enablers to uptake of government support services to increase reach and acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Elford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences (SENS), Deakin University Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC3216, Australia
| | - Alison Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences (SENS), Deakin University Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC3216, Australia
| | - Amy Wakem
- Healthy Eating Advisory Service, Nutrition Australia, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences (SENS), Deakin University Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC3216, Australia
| | - Penelope Love
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences (SENS), Deakin University Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC3216, Australia
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Leech R, Spence A, Lacy K, Zheng M, Timperio A, McNaughton S. Characterizing Children's Eating Patterns: Does the Choice of Eating Occasion Definition Matter? Curr Dev Nutr 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab053_046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Currently, there are recommendations to defining eating occasions (EO) for use in studies of adults, but none exist for children or adolescents. This study examined how varying definitions of EO influence the characterization of eating patterns in children and adolescents.
Methods
Cross-sectional 24-h dietary recall data collected during the 2011–12 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 2701, age range: 2–18 years) were analyzed. Eight definitions were applied: participant-identified, time-of-day, and 6 neutral definitions (individual EO separated by 15- or 60-min and/or an additional energy criterion of 5 kcal or 50 kcal). Frequency of and total energy intake from meals, snacks, and all EO were estimated. Differences between definitions were tested using F tests, stratified by sex and age-group. Agreement between definitions of meal and snack frequencies was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). For each definition, linear regression was used to estimate the proportion of variance in total energy intake (kcal) and BMI z-score predicted by frequency of meals and snacks and all EO.
Results
In boys and girls and across all age groups, mean frequencies of meals and snacks differed between the participant-identified and time-of-day definitions (P < 0.01). There were differences between mean frequencies of EO across the 6 neutral definitions with the largest mean difference observed for children aged 2–3 y (boys: 2.3, girls: 2.5; P < 0.003). There was good agreement (ICC) for snacks (boys: 0.93, girls: 0.93) but not meal frequencies (boys: 0.36; girls: 0.38) between the participant-identified and time-of-day definitions. The definition of 15-min time interval plus 210 kJ consistently predicted the most variance in total energy intake (R2 range = 8.1–34.8). Generally, definitions that delineated meals and snacks best predicted variance in BMI z-score.
Conclusions
Variations in the definition of EO affect how eating patterns are characterized, particularly in young children. A variation of the neutral definition best predicted variance in total energy intake and findings for BMI were mixed. Further research that compares EO definitions in younger and older children is needed to inform a standard approach.
Funding Sources
National Heart Foundation of Australia; National Health and Medical Research Council.
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Zheng M, Lioret S, Hesketh KD, Spence A, Taylor R, Campbell KJ. Association Between Longitudinal Trajectories of Lifestyle Pattern and BMI in Early Childhood. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:879-887. [PMID: 33899335 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between longitudinal trajectories of lifestyle patterns (LPs) and BMI z score in early childhood. METHODS Data of children (n = 439) who participated in the 18-, 42-, and 60-month follow-ups of the Melbourne InFANT Program were used. Multitrajectory modeling identified groups of children following similar LPs and BMI z score trajectories, and multinomial logistic regression assessed the determinants of the trajectory groups. RESULTS Three trajectory groups of child LPs and BMI z scores were identified: "Unhealthy LP, Low BMIz" (30%), "Healthy LP, Mid BMIz" (53%), and "Unhealthy LP, High BMIz" (17%). Relative to the "Unhealthy LP, Low BMIz" group, the maternal "Fruit and vegetables" dietary pattern was associated with higher odds (odds ratio [OR] 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.47) of children following the "Healthy LP, Mid BMIz" group. Maternal prepregnancy BMI (≥25 kg/m2 ) (OR 2.50, 95% CI: 1.31-4.75) and maternal TV-viewing time ≥130 min/d (OR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.13, 5.72) increased the odds of children following the "Unhealthy LP, High BMIz" group. Child sex, breastfeeding duration, and maternal physical activity were not associated with the identified trajectory groups. CONCLUSIONS Three trajectory groups of LPs and BMI z scores in early childhood were revealed, with maternal prepregnancy BMI, dietary pattern, and TV-viewing time being identified as significant determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- INSERM, U1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center (CRESS), Early Origin of the Child's Health and Development ORCHAD team, Villejuif, France
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachael Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Spence A, Love P, Byrne R, Wakem A, Matwiejczyk L, Devine A, Golley R, Sambell R. Childcare Food Provision Recommendations Vary across Australia: Jurisdictional Comparison and Nutrition Expert Perspectives. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17186793. [PMID: 32957687 PMCID: PMC7558074 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Early childhood is a critical stage for nutrition promotion, and childcare settings have the potential for wide-reaching impact on food intake. There are currently no Australian national guidelines for childcare food provision, and the comparability of existing guidelines across jurisdictions is unknown. This project aimed to map and compare childcare food provision guidelines and to explore perspectives amongst early childhood nutrition experts for alignment of jurisdictional childcare food provision guidelines with the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG). A desktop review was conducted and formed the basis of an online survey. A national convenience sample of childhood nutrition experts was surveyed. Existing guideline recommendations for food group serving quantities were similar across jurisdictions but contained many minor differences. Of the 49 survey respondents, most (84-100%) agreed with aligning food group provision recommendations to provide at least 50% of the recommended ADG serves for children. Most (94%) agreed that discretionary foods should be offered less than once per month or never. Jurisdictional childcare food provision guidelines do not currently align, raising challenges for national accreditation and the provision of support and resources for services across jurisdictions. Childhood nutrition experts support national alignment of food provision guidelines with the ADG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9244-5481
| | - Penelope Love
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
| | - Rebecca Byrne
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children’s Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
| | - Amy Wakem
- Nutrition Australia Vic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia;
| | - Louisa Matwiejczyk
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
| | - Amanda Devine
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Rebecca Golley
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
| | - Ros Sambell
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.D.); (R.S.)
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Sai S, Esteves C, Kelly V, Sakaguchi K, McAndrew R, Chudleigh S, Spence A, Gibson B, Thomas A, Chapman KE. Reciprocal Regulation of HSD11B1 and HSD11B2 Predicts Glucocorticoid Sensitivity in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Pediatr 2020; 220:249-253. [PMID: 31987650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There are few biomarkers to predict efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at diagnosis. Here, we demonstrate reciprocal regulation of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD), may predict the apoptotic response of ALL to glucocorticoid treatment. Our data may be useful to refine glucocorticoid treatment, to retain benefit while minimizing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Sai
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Teine-Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Cristina Esteves
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Division of Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Val Kelly
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kimiyoshi Sakaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Rachel McAndrew
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sandra Chudleigh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alison Spence
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow, UK
| | - Brenda Gibson
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow, UK
| | - Angela Thomas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen E Chapman
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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10
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Yousafzai YM, Smith L, Smith A, Bhatti S, Gardiner M, Cousins A, Fee F, Chudleigh S, Spence A, Taylor W, Heaney N, Gibson B, Graham G, Halsey C. Use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for the diagnosis and monitoring of CNS leukaemia. Leuk Res 2019; 87:106232. [PMID: 31706196 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.106232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasar Mehmood Yousafzai
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Smith
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Smith
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Saeeda Bhatti
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Gardiner
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Antony Cousins
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson-Wohl Cancer Research Centre, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Fee
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Chudleigh
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Spence
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Taylor
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Heaney
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Brenda Gibson
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Halsey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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11
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Spence A, Blanco Madrigal E, Patil R, Bajón Fernández Y. Evaluation of anaerobic digestibility of energy crops and agricultural by-products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Maghsoudi OH, Vahedipour A, Robertson B, Spence A. Application of Superpixels to Segment Several Landmarks in Running Rodents. Pattern Recognit Image Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1054661818030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Vahedipour A, Haji Maghsoudi O, Wilshin S, Shamble P, Robertson B, Spence A. Uncovering the structure of the mouse gait controller: Mice respond to substrate perturbations with adaptations in gait on a continuum between trot and bound. J Biomech 2018; 78:77-86. [PMID: 30078638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Animals, including humans, have been shown to maintain a gait during locomotion that minimizes the risk of injury and energetic cost. Despite the importance of understanding the mechanisms of gait regulation, ethical and experimental challenges have prevented full exploration of these. Here we present data on the gait response of mice to rapid, precisely timed, spatially confined mechanical perturbations. Our data elucidate that after the mechanical perturbation, the mouse gait response is anisotropic, preferring deviations away from the trot towards bounding, over those towards other gaits, such as walk or pace. We quantified this shift by projecting the observed gait onto the line between trot and bound, in the space of quadrupedal gaits. We call this projection λ. For λ=0, the gait is the ideal trot; for λ=±π, it is the ideal bound. We found that the substrate perturbation caused a significant shift in λ towards bound during the stride in which the perturbation occurred and the following stride (linear mixed effects model: Δλ=0.26±0.07 and Δλ=0.21±0.07, respectively; random effect for animal, p < 0.05 for both strides, n = 8 mice). We hypothesize that this is because the bounding gait is better suited to rapid acceleration or deceleration, and an exploratory analysis of jerk showed that it was significantly correlated with λ (p < 0.05). Understanding how gait is controlled under perturbations can aid in diagnosing gait pathologies and in the design of more agile robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vahedipour
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - O Haji Maghsoudi
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - S Wilshin
- Structure and Motion Laboratory, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Shamble
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - B Robertson
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - A Spence
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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14
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Abstract
Background: The prevalence of obesity among Australian pre-school children is a major concern with links to poor health outcomes. One contributing factor is excess energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverages are energy-dense, nutrient-poor, readily available and have been implicated in the increasing prevalence of obesity. Furthermore, preschooler beverage consumption may develop into dietary habits that track into adulthood. There is little research on factors influencing parents’ decision-making when serving beverages to their preschoolers, or on mothers’ perceptions of preschooler’s beverages. The aim of this study was to explore mothers’ perceptions of commonly consumed preschooler beverages. Methods: The Repertory Grid Technique and the Laddering Technique methodologies were utilized in interviews with 28 mothers from Melbourne, Australia, to explore beverage perceptions. Results: A large number of diverse perceptual categories (‘constructs’) (n = 22) about beverages were elicited, demonstrating the complexity of mothers’ perceptions when making beverage choices for their preschoolers. The five most common categories were related to health, sugar, dairy, packaging, and additives. Thematic analysis of responses from the laddering method identified three major themes: concerns about the types of beverages mothers would like to provide their preschoolers, the healthiness of a beverage, and the sugar content. Conclusions: Mothers’ perceptions of beverages are sophisticated and need to be included in the design of health communication strategies by health promoters and government agencies to influence mothers’ beverage selections for their preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Rigo
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Jane Willcox
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Alison Spence
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Anthony Worsley
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
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15
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Busby J, McMenamin Ú, Spence A, Johnston BT, Hughes C, Cardwell CR. Angiotensin receptor blocker use and gastro-oesophageal cancer survival: a population-based cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:279-288. [PMID: 29105106 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs; including candesartan, losartan, olmesartan and valsartan) are widely used to treat hypertension, heart failure and diabetic neuropathy. There is considerable pre-clinical evidence that ARBs can reduce cancer progression, particularly for gastric cancer. Despite this, epidemiological studies have yet to assess the impact of ARB use on gastro-oesophageal cancer survival. AIM To investigate the association between post-diagnosis ARB use and gastro-oesophageal cancer survival. METHODS We selected a cohort of patients with newly-diagnosed gastro-oesophageal cancer between 1998 and 2012 from English cancer registries. We linked to prescription and clinical records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, and to death records from the Office for National Statistics. We used time-dependant Cox-regression models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) comparing gastro-oesophageal cancer-specific mortality between post-diagnosis ARB users and non-users, after adjusting for demographics, comorbidities and post-diagnosis aspirin or statin use. RESULTS Our cohort included 5124 gastro-oesophageal cancer patients, of which 360 used ARBs, and 3345 died due to their gastro-oesophageal cancer during follow-up. After adjustment, ARB users had moderately lower risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer mortality than the non-users (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.71-0.98). There was evidence of a dose-response relationship with the lowest HRs observed among patients receiving at least 2 years of prescriptions (HR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.25-0.72). CONCLUSIONS In this large population-based gastro-oesophageal cancer cohort, we found moderately reduced cancer-specific mortality among ARB users. However, confirmation in further independent epidemiological studies with sufficient staging information is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Busby
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ú McMenamin
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - A Spence
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - B T Johnston
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - C Hughes
- School of Pharmacy, Clinical and Practice Research Group, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - C R Cardwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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16
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Ngan TYT, Czuzoj-Shulman N, Zakhari A, Spence A, Tulandi T, Abenhaim H. Laparoscopic and Robotically-Assisted Hysterectomy for Uterine Leiomyomas: A Comparison of Costs and Complications. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Golley RK, Bell LK, Hendrie GA, Rangan AM, Spence A, McNaughton SA, Carpenter L, Allman-Farinelli M, de Silva A, Gill T, Collins CE, Truby H, Flood VM, Burrows T. Validity of short food questionnaire items to measure intake in children and adolescents: a systematic review. J Hum Nutr Diet 2016; 30:36-50. [PMID: 27561947 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short food questions are appealing to measure dietary intakes. METHODS A review of studies published between 2004 and 2016 was undertaken and these were included in the present study if they reported on a question or short item questionnaire (≤50 items, data presented as ≤30 food groups) measuring food intake or food-related habits, in children (aged 6 months to 18 years), and reported question validity or reliability. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Most questions assessed foods or food groups (n = 29), with the most commonly assessed being fruit (n = 22) or vegetable intake (n = 23), dairy foods and discretionary foods (n = 20 studies each). Four studies assessed food habits, with the most common being breakfast and meal frequency (n = 4 studies). Twenty studies assessed reliability, and 25 studies determined accuracy and were most commonly compared against food records. Evaluation of question performance relied on statistical tests such as correlation. CONCLUSIONS The present study has identified valid and reliable questions for the range of key food groups of interest to public health nutrition. Questions were more likely to be reliable than accurate, and relatively few questions were both reliable and accurate. Gaps in repeatable and valid short food questions have been identified that will provide direction for future tool development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Golley
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - L K Bell
- Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - A M Rangan
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Spence
- Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - L Carpenter
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - A de Silva
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - T Gill
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C E Collins
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - H Truby
- Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - V M Flood
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T Burrows
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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18
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Abstract
Intervention programs to prevent childhood obesity are more likely to be successful when mothers are involved and engaged. Yet programs that involve mothers do not often employ process evaluation to identify aspects of the intervention that participants enjoyed or viewed as useful. The aims of this study were to describe how participants of the Melbourne InFANT Program-an early childhood obesity prevention intervention-engaged in the program and perceived its usefulness. Process evaluation data were collected at multiple time points during and after the intervention, using mixed methods drawing upon both quantitative and qualitative data. Results from short surveys (n = 271) and interview transcripts (n = 26) revealed that the Melbourne InFANT Program was perceived as useful and relevant by most (82-93%) participants. The formats through which the knowledge and skills were delivered were considered concise and effective, and aspects considered particularly useful included group sessions and advice on practical strategies to minimize stress around mealtimes. Findings from this study are important to inform future practice and the development of interventions which are well received by participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla L Lunn
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sanae Roberts
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison Spence
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Spence
- St Richard's Hospital; Chichester UK
| | - S. Avery
- St Richard's Hospital; Chichester UK
| | - C. Smith
- St Richard's Hospital; Chichester UK
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Litterbach E, Campbell K, Spence A. Family meals with young children in Australia – An opportunity for nutrition promotion. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2014.10.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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21
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Pugh C, Sprung V, Ono K, Spence A, Thijssen D, Carter H, Green D. The acute impact of exercise during water immersion on cerebral perfusion. J Sci Med Sport 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Spence A, Batterham A, George K, Green D. Impact of lean body mass on exercise training-induced ventricular adaptation: Evidence for genuine cardiac hypertrophy? J Sci Med Sport 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Carter H, Spence A, Cable T, Thijssen D, Naylor L, Green D. Cutaneous microvascular adaptation to repeated passive core heating in humans. J Sci Med Sport 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Mrugala M, Lee L, Graham C, Fink J, Spence A. Carboplatin and Bevacizumab for Recurrent High Grade Glioma (P04.182). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p04.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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25
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Turner M, Fuller CW, Egan D, Le Masson B, McGoldrick A, Spence A, Wind P, Gadot PM. European consensus on epidemiological studies of injuries in the thoroughbred horse racing industry. Br J Sports Med 2011; 46:704-8. [PMID: 22067282 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Turner
- British Horseracing Authority, 75 High Holborn, London WC1V 6LS, UK.
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26
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Todd W, Spence A. Douglas Ewen Walker. West J Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c7030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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McAree B, O'Donnell M, Spence A, Lioe T, McManus D, Spence R. Breast cancer in women under 40 years of age: A series of 57 cases from Northern Ireland. Breast 2010; 19:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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28
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O'neill CJ, Spence A, Logan B, Suliburk J, Sidhu S, Sywak M. ES05�ADRENAL INCIDENTALOMA: HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION AND RISK OF MALIGNANCY. ANZ J Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.04916_5.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Spence A, Hasson F, Waldron M, Kernohan WG, McLaughlin D, Watson B, Cochrane B, Marley AM. Professionals delivering palliative care to people with COPD: qualitative study. Palliat Med 2009; 23:126-31. [PMID: 18974174 DOI: 10.1177/0269216308098804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article describes health and social care professionals' perceptions of palliative care and facilitators and barriers to the delivery of such care for patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Health professionals participated in semi structured interviews and focus groups which were analysed using content analysis. According to participants, care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is focused upon the management of symptoms, with emphasis focused predominately on an acute model of care. Key barriers towards the delivery of palliative care included the reluctance to negotiatie end-of-life decisions and a perceived lack of understanding among patients and carers regarding the illness trajectory. Consequently the delivery of palliative care was viewed as a specialist role rather than an integral component of care. There is a need for education and training for health and social care professions to plan and provide high quality end-of-life care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spence
- Northern Ireland Hospice Care, Northern Ireland Hospice, Belfast
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30
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Hasson F, Spence A, Waldron M, Kernohan G, McLaughlin D, Watson B, Cochrane B. I can not get a breath: experiences of living with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Palliat Nurs 2009; 14:526-31. [PMID: 19060802 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2008.14.11.31756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the potential for palliative care among people living with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Individual semi-structured interviews (n=13) were conducted with people who had a diagnosis of advanced COPD and were on optimal tolerated drug therapy, with their breathing volume (forced expiratory volume at less than 30%) or were on long-term oxygen therapy or non-invasion ventilation. Participants raised concerns about the uncertain trajectory of the illness and reported unmet palliative care needs with poor access to palliative care services. For most people, palliative care was associated with end of life; therefore, they were unwilling to discuss the issue. There was a wide acceptance that, medically, nothing more could be done. Findings also suggest that patients had unmet palliative care needs, requiring information and support. The research suggests the need for palliative care to be extended to all (regardless of diagnosis), with packages of care developed to target specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hasson
- University of Ulster, Institute of Nursing Research and School of Nursing, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland.
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31
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Abstract
Alternatives to donor blood have been developed in part to meet increasing demand. However, new biotechnologies are often associated with increased perceptions of risk and low acceptance. This paper reviews developments of alternatives and presents data, from a field-based experiment in the UK and Holland, on the risks and acceptance of donor blood and alternatives (chemical, genetically modified and bovine). UK groups perceived all substitutes as riskier than the Dutch. There is a negative association between perceived risk and acceptability. Solutions to increasing acceptance are discussed in terms of implicit attitudes, product naming and emotional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ferguson
- Risk Analysis Social Processes and Health (RASPH) Group, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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32
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Drescher M, Spence A, Rockwell D, Smally A. 77: Point-of-Care Testing for Coagulation Studies in an Emergency Department Stroke Protocol: A Time-Saving Innovation. Ann Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Suter TM, Procter M, van Veldhuisen DJ, Muscholl M, Bergh J, Carlomagno C, Perren T, Passalacqua R, Bighin C, Klijn JGM, Ageev FT, Hitre E, Groetz J, Iwata H, Knap M, Gnant M, Muehlbauer S, Spence A, Gelber RD, Piccart-Gebhart MJ. Trastuzumab-associated cardiac adverse effects in the herceptin adjuvant trial. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:3859-65. [PMID: 17646669 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.09.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this analysis was to investigate trastuzumab-associated cardiac adverse effects in breast cancer patients after completion of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Herceptin Adjuvant (HERA) trial is a three-group, multicenter, open-label randomized trial that compared 1 or 2 years of trastuzumab given once every 3 weeks with observation in patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer. Only patients who after completion of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy had normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF > or = 55%) were eligible. A repeat LVEF assessment was performed in case of cardiac dysfunction. RESULTS Data were available for 1,693 patients randomly assigned to 1 year trastuzumab and 1,693 patients randomly assigned to observation. The incidence of trastuzumab discontinuation due to cardiac disorders was low (4.3%). The incidence of cardiac end points was higher in the trastuzumab group compared with observation (severe congestive heart failure [CHF], 0.60% v 0.00%; symptomatic CHF, 2.15% v 0.12%; confirmed significant LVEF drops, 3.04% v 0.53%). Most patients with cardiac dysfunction recovered in fewer than 6 months. Patients with trastuzumab-associated cardiac dysfunction were treated with higher cumulative doses of doxorubicin (287 mg/m(2) v 257 mg/m(2)) or epirubicin (480 mg/m(2) v 422 mg/m(2)) and had a lower screening LVEF and a higher body mass index. CONCLUSION Given the clear benefit in disease-free survival, the low incidence of cardiac adverse events, and the suggestion that cardiac dysfunction might be reversible, adjuvant trastuzumab should be considered for treatment of breast cancer patients who fulfill the HERA trial eligibility criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Suter
- Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
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34
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Bowtell M, Spence A, Wilson A, Kerwin D, Irwin G, Bezodis I. Limitation to maximal speed human sprinting — Insights from bend running and fatigue. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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36
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Spence A, Parsons K, Ferrari M, Pfau T, Thurman A, Wilson A. Effects of substrate properties on equine locomotion. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Byrnes G, Spence A, Lim N. Locomotor behavior of a free-ranging gliding mammal (Cynocephalus variegatus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Klein MC, Grzybowski S, Harris S, Liston R, Spence A, Le G, Brummendorf D, Kim S, Kaczorowski J. Epidural analgesia use as a marker for physician approach to birth: implications for maternal and newborn outcomes. Birth 2001; 28:243-8. [PMID: 11903212 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-536x.2001.00243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the association between caregiver belief systems and practice patterns is an emerging area of research. We hypothesized an association between a maternity caregiver's belief system and his or her behavior. The study objective was to determine if a family physician's overall approach to maternity care, as measured by average use of epidural analgesia, was associated with maternal and fetal outcomes. METHODS Retrospective analysis was conducted of the births of three cohorts of 1992 nulliparous, low-risk women attended by 96 family physicians within an 18-month period in the department of family practice at the largest maternity hospital in Canada. Cohorts were based on the physicians' mean use of epidural analgesia for the women. Family physicians attending fewer than 5 births were excluded. The main outcome measures, by physician epidural utilization cohort, were maternal/newborn morbidity, procedure rates, consultation rates, and length of stay. RESULTS Family physicians were separated into cohorts based on their mean use of epidural analgesia at rates of: low, 0-30 percent (15 physicians, 263 births); medium, 31-50 percent (55 physicians, 1323 births); and high, 51-100 percent (26 physicians, 406 births). After adjustment for maternal age and race, patients of low versus high epidural users were admitted at a later state of cervical dilation (mean 4.0 vs 3.1 cm), received less electronic fetal monitoring (76.4 vs 87.2%) and oxytocin augmentation (12.2 vs 29.8%), sustained fewer malpositions (occiput posterior or transverse) (23.2 vs 34.2%), had fewer cesarean sections (14.0 vs 24.4%), less obstetric consultation (47.9 vs 63.8%), and fewer newborn special care admissions (7.2 vs 12.8%). CONCLUSIONS In our setting, high use of epidural analgesia is a marker for a style of practice characterized by malpositions leading to dysfunctional labors and higher intervention rates leading, in turn, to excess maternal/newborn morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Klein
- Department of Family Practice, Room F412, Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6H 3N1
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Stephen F, Manson S, Campbell W, Gordon G, Holt B, Connell M, McGregor D, Maclean H, Maclean I, Murphy C, Broad M, Spence A, McCulloch I, Norquay R, Wilson A, Dearness J, Wilson G, Beaton M, Cant A, Wylie G, Bown E, Spence M, McHarg N, Moar E, Tait J, Nicolson J, Nicolson J, Murray L, Cumming G, Argyle P. Closure of the Thurso veterinary investigation centre. Vet Rec 2001; 148:122. [PMID: 11232930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Yung WK, Albright RE, Olson J, Fredericks R, Fink K, Prados MD, Brada M, Spence A, Hohl RJ, Shapiro W, Glantz M, Greenberg H, Selker RG, Vick NA, Rampling R, Friedman H, Phillips P, Bruner J, Yue N, Osoba D, Zaknoen S, Levin VA. A phase II study of temozolomide vs. procarbazine in patients with glioblastoma multiforme at first relapse. Br J Cancer 2000; 83:588-93. [PMID: 10944597 PMCID: PMC2363506 DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 660] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized, multicentre, open-label, phase II study compared temozolomide (TMZ), an oral second-generation alkylating agent, and procarbazine (PCB) in 225 patients with glioblastoma multiforme at first relapse. Primary objectives were to determine progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months and safety for TMZ and PCB in adult patients who failed conventional treatment. Secondary objectives were to assess overall survival and health-related quality of life (HRQL). TMZ was given orally at 200 mg/m(2)/day or 150 mg/m(2)/day (prior chemotherapy) for 5 days, repeated every 28 days. PCB was given orally at 150 mg/m(2)/day or 125 mg/m(2)/day (prior chemotherapy) for 28 days, repeated every 56 days. HRQL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30 [+3]) and the Brain Cancer Module 20 (BCM20). The 6-month PFS rate for patients who received TMZ was 21%, which met the protocol objective. The 6-month PFS rate for those who received PCB was 8% (P = 0.008, for the comparison). Overall PFS significantly improved with TMZ, with a median PFS of 12.4 weeks in the TMZ group and 8.32 weeks in the PCB group (P = 0.0063). The 6-month overall survival rate for TMZ patients was 60% vs. 44% for PCB patients (P = 0.019). Freedom from disease progression was associated with maintenance of HRQL, regardless of treatment received. TMZ had an acceptable safety profile; most adverse events were mild or moderate in severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Yung
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, UTMD Anderson Cancer Center, Box 100, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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Spence A. Ionising radiations regulations 1999. Vet Rec 2000; 146:143-4. [PMID: 10706336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Spence A. Silage clamp hazards. Vet Rec 1999; 144:652. [PMID: 10399251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Boffetta P, Sali D, Kolstad H, Coggon D, Olsen J, Andersen A, Spence A, Pesatori AC, Lynge E, Frentzel-Beyme R, Chang-Claude J, Lundberg I, Biocca M, Gennaro V, Teppo L, Partanen T, Welp E, Saracci R, Kogevinas M. Mortality of short-term workers in two international cohorts. J Occup Environ Med 1998; 40:1120-6. [PMID: 9871889 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-199812000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the pattern of mortality of blue-collar workers employed less and more than 1 year in the man-made vitreous fiber (MMVF) and the reinforced plastic industries, the latter group being exposed to styrene. We conducted an analysis among 21,784 workers with less than 1 year of employment (short-term workers) and 19,117 workers with 1 or more years of employment (long-term workers) employed in eight European countries. We conducted analyses based on external as well as internal comparisons. In both cohorts, the standardized mortality ratio for all causes among short-term workers was approximately 40% higher, compared with that for longer-term workers. In internal comparisons, the difference was reduced to 9% in the MMVF cohort and 11% in the styrene cohort. Workers with less than 1 month of employment displayed an increased mortality in both cohorts and in most countries. The increased mortality among short-term workers was not concentrated shortly after they quit employment. In both cohorts, short-term workers had a higher mortality from external causes, while little difference was seen in mortality from ischemic heart disease and malignant neoplasms. Although extra-occupational factors may contribute to increase the mortality of short-term workers and, in particular, of those employed for less than 1 month, the difference observed in analyses adjusted for characteristics of employment suggested a relatively small difference in mortality from most causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Boffetta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Abstract
As the number of mouse mutants generated by gene targeting continues to grow exponentially, the challenge is not how to generate a mutant but how to analyse the phenotype. Genes might play multiple roles in development and act in cell-autonomous and cell non-autonomous modes, making phenotypic analysis complex. Genetic mosaic analysis is a powerful tool for dissecting complex gene functions. Classical preimplantation chimeras made between mutant and wild-type embryos can answer many questions, and new genetic techniques for generating restricted genetic mosaicism promise to enhance the future power of mosaic analysis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rossant
- Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Schachter H, Chen SH, Zhou S, Tan J, Yip B, Sarkar M, Spence A. Structure and function of the genes encoding N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases which initiate N-glycan antennae. Biochem Soc Trans 1997; 25:875-80. [PMID: 9388565 DOI: 10.1042/bst0250875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Schachter
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Welp E, Kogevinas M, Andersen A, Bellander T, Biocca M, Coggon D, Esteve J, Gennaro V, Kolstad H, Lundberg I, Lynge E, Partanen T, Spence A, Boffetta P, Ferro G, Saracci R. Exposure to styrene and mortality from nervous system diseases and mental disorders. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144:623-33. [PMID: 8823057 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-dose exposure to solvents has been associated in epidemiologic studies with chronic neurotoxicity, but the evidence is not consistent. Styrene causes acute disturbances in the central and peripheral nervous systems. To determine if exposure to styrene may contribute to chronic diseases of the central nervous system, the authors examined mortality from nervous system diseases, mental disorders, and suicide in relation to styrene exposure in an international historical cohort study. The cohort involved 35,443 workers employed during 1945-1991 in the reinforced plastics industry, where high exposures to styrene occur. Indicators of exposure were reconstructed through job histories and environmental and biologic monitoring data. Poisson regression was used for internal comparisons. Mortality from diseases of the central nervous system (27 deaths) increased with time since first exposure, duration of exposure, average level of exposure, and cumulative exposure to styrene. A quadratic model described best the dose-response shape for cumulative exposure and duration of exposure with the highest risks at around 300 ppm-years and 5 years, respectively, and a subsequent decrease in risk in the highest exposure categories. Mortality from epilepsy increased monotonically with all styrene exposure indicators, while associations for degenerative diseases of the central nervous system were generally weaker. Mortality from mental disorders and suicide decreased with increasing duration of exposure and cumulative exposure, while there was no trend with time since first exposure and average exposure to styrene. These findings suggest that, in addition to the known acute effects, exposure to styrene may contribute to chronic diseases of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Welp
- Unit of Environmental Cancer Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Welp E, Partanen T, Kogevinas M, Andersen A, Bellander T, Biocca M, Coggon D, Gennaro V, Kolstad H, Lundberg I, Lynge E, Spence A, Ferro G, Saracci R, Boffetta P. Exposure to styrene and mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases. Occup Environ Med 1996; 53:499-501. [PMID: 8704877 PMCID: PMC1128521 DOI: 10.1136/oem.53.7.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A cohort of 34,560 men and 6128 women employed in 660 European factories manufacturing reinforced plastic products, followed up originally to assess the risk of cancer, was used to assess the risk of non-malignant respiratory diseases associated with exposure to styrene. Mortality from pneumonia was associated with intensity of exposure to styrene, but this may have been due to chance. Mortality from bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma was not associated with styrene exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Welp
- Unit of Environmental Cancer Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Welp E, Partanen T, Kogevinas M, Andersen A, Bellander T, Biocca M, Coggon D, Fontana V, Kolstad H, Lundberg I, Lynge E, Spence A, Ferro G, Boffetta P, Saracci R. Exposure to styrene and mortality from nonmalignant diseases of the genitourinary system. Scand J Work Environ Health 1996; 22:223-6. [PMID: 8837269 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A historical cohort study was carried out to investigate mortality from nonmalignant diseases of the genitourinary system among workers in the reinforced plastics industry, where high workroom concentrations of styrene are encountered. METHODS The external comparisons in this report were based on an average of 12.6 years of retrospective follow-up of 35 443 workers who were first employed in the reinforced plastics industry during 1945-1991 and were known to have been exposed to styrene in their work. For the internal comparisons, 2641 subjects with incomplete occupational histories were excluded, leaving 32 802 subjects. Previous individual exposure histories to styrene were reconstructed through job histories and environmental and biological monitoring data. RESULTS Mortality from nonmalignant diseases of the genitourinary system (N = 20) was associated with average exposure to styrene (P for trend 0.05). Weaker increasing trends in risk were seen for time since first exposure and cumulative exposure, while no increase was identified for duration of exposure. There was a significant increasing trend in mortality from nephritis and nephrosis (N = 5), associated with an increasing average level of exposure to styrene (P for trend 0.03). No clear trend was observed for time since first exposure, duration of exposure, or cumulative exposure. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort study of workers exposed to styrene, mortality from nonmalignant diseases of the genitourinary system increased as the average intensity of exposure increased. This finding indicates that other data should be scrutinized.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Welp
- Unit of Environmental Cancer Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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