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494TiP Phase Ib study of elimusertib (ATRi; BAY 1895344) in combination with niraparib (PARPi) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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SREBP2 promotes the viability, proliferation, and migration and inhibits apoptosis in TGF-β1-induced airway smooth muscle cells by regulating TLR2/NF-κB/NFATc1/ABCA1 regulatory network. Bioengineered 2022; 13:3137-3147. [PMID: 35037821 PMCID: PMC8973716 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2026550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a respiratory disease with complex pathogenesis. Sterol-responsive element-binding proteins 2 (SREBP2) was found to bind to promoter sequences of ABCA1 to suppress ABCA1 promoter activity. This study aimed to explore the expression level of SREBP2 and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), and their effects on the development of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in asthma. ASMCs were treated with different concentrations of TGF-β1 (0, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 ng/mL). Short hairpin SREBP2 (shSREBP2), SREBP2, shABCA1 or ABCA1 were transfected into ASMCs. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and the expression of SREBP2, ABCA1 and related pathway proteins were detected by MTT assay, Brdu staining, flow cytometer, Transwell assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting, respectively. The results showed that TGF-β1 increased the viability, proliferation, migration and inhibited apoptosis in ASMCs. Moreover, TGF-β1 also decreased the expression of ABCA1, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, E-cadherin, and increased the expression of vimentin, TLR2, p-p65 and NFATc1. SREBP2 knockdown alleviated these TGF-β1-induced changes. SREBP2 overexpression inhibited ABCA1 expression and apoptosis, and promoted cell migration and the expression of TLR2, p-p65, NFATc1 in ASMCs. ABCA1 overexpression alleviated these SREBP2-induced promoting and inhibition effects. In conclusion, SREBP2 activates TLR2/NF-κB/NFATc1 regulatory network and promotes TGF-β1-induced cell movement through inhibiting ABCA1 expression.
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TGF-β1/SMOC2/AKT and ERK axis regulates proliferation, migration, and fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation in lung fibroblast, contributing with the asthma progression. Hereditas 2021; 158:47. [PMID: 34876240 PMCID: PMC8653533 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-021-00213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease that influences 300 million people all over the world. However, the pathogenesis of asthma has not been fully elucidated. It has been reported that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) can activate myofibroblasts. Moreover, the fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation (FMT) can be triggered by TGF-β, which is a major mediator of subepithelial fibrosis. Secreted modular calcium-binding protein 2 (SMOC2) is a member of cysteine (SPARC) family and is involved in the progression of multiple diseases. However, its role in asthma remains poorly understood. RT-qPCR evaluated the expression of SMOC2. Bromodeoxyuridine assay and wound-healing assay detected the proliferation and migration of lung fibroblasts, respectively. IF staining was performed to assess the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Western blot analysis detected the levels of proteins. Flow cytometry was utilized for determination of the number of myofibroblasts. Results We found the expression of SMOC2 was upregulated by the treatment of TGF-β1 in lung fibroblasts. In addition, SMOC2 promoted the proliferation and migration of lung fibroblasts. More importantly, SMOC2 accelerated FMT of lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, SMOC2 was verified to control the activation of AKT and ERK. Rescue assays showed that the inhibition of AKT and ERK pathway reversed the promoting effect of SMOC2 overexpression on proliferation, migration and FMT in lung fibroblasts. Conclusions This work demonstrated that SMOC2 modulated TGF-β1-induced proliferation, migration and FMT in lung fibroblasts and may promote asthma, which potentially provided a novel therapeutic target for the management of asthma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-021-00213-w.
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796P Association between biomarkers and clinical outcomes of lenvatinib (L) + pembrolizumab (P) in advanced endometrial cancer (EC): Results from KEYNOTE-146/study 111. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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CHRONOS‐3: RANDOMIZED PHASE III STUDY OF COPANLISIB PLUS RITUXIMAB
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RITUXIMAB/PLACEBO IN RELAPSED INDOLENT NON‐HODGKIN LYMPHOMA (INHL). Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.24_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Crocin Improves Endothelial Mitochondrial Dysfunction via GPx1/ROS/KCa3.1 Signal Axis in Diabetes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:651434. [PMID: 33777959 PMCID: PMC7994751 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.651434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which is a dramatic cause to promote endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. It was previously demonstrated that crocin protected the endothelium based on its diverse medicinal properties, but its effect on the mitochondrion and the potential mechanism are not fully understood. In this study, mitochondrial function was analyzed during the process of excessive ROS generation in high glucose (HG)-cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The role played by KCa3.1 was further investigated by the inhibition and/or gene silence of KCa3.1 in this process. In addition, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase 2 (NOX2), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) were also detected in this study. Our data showed that crocin improved mitochondrial dysfunction and maintained normal mitochondrial morphology by enhancing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial mass, and mitochondrial fusion. Furthermore, KCa3.1 was confirmed to be located in the mitochondrion, and the blockade and/or silencing of KCa3.1 improved mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced excessive ROS generation but did not affect NOX2 and/or the SOD1 system. Intriguingly, it was confirmed that KCa3.1 expression was elevated by ROS overproduction in the endothelium under HG and/or diabetes conditions, while crocin significantly suppressed this elevation by promoting GPx1 and subsequently eliminating ROS generation. In addition, crocin enhanced CD31, thrombomodulin (TM), and p-/t-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expressions as well as NO generation and decreased vascular tone. Hence, crocin improved mitochondrial dysfunction through inhibiting ROS-induced KCa3.1 overexpression in the endothelium, which in turn reduced more ROS generation and final endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
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Alarmin-activated B cells accelerate atherosclerosis after myocardial infarction via plasma cell-immunoglobulin dependent mechanisms. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Myocardial infarction (MI) accelerates atherosclerosis and for years greatly increases the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, such as stroke and MI. B cell-derived autoantibodies produced in response to MI also persist for years.
Purpose
We investigated the role of B cells in adaptive immune responses to MI.
Methods
We used an apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mouse model of MI-accelerated atherosclerosis to assess the importance of B cells using loss and gain of function approaches. In loss of function experiment, after inducing an MI we depleted B cells using an anti-CD20 antibody. Gain of function experiments involve transfers of purified MI-B cells from different donor mice, isolated one week after MI, into atherosclerotic ApoE−/− mice.
Results
Depletion of B cells in MI mice prevented immunoglobulin G accumulation in plaques and MI-induced acceleration of atherosclerosis. Adoptive transfer of wildtype MI-B cells into atherosclerotic ApoE−/− mice greatly increased IgG accumulation in plaque and accelerated atherosclerosis in recipient mice. Cytokines that promote humoral immunity were also greatly increased in B cells activated by MI. These cells formed germinal centres within the spleen where they differentiated into antibody-producing plasma cells. Transfer of MI-B cells deficient in Blimp-1, the transcriptional repressor that drives their terminal differentiation to antibody-producing plasma cells failed to accelerate atherosclerosis in recipient mice. Alarmins released from infarcted heart were responsible for activation of B cells via toll-like receptors; transfer of MI-B cells deficient in MyD88, the canonical adaptor protein for inflammatory signaling downstream of toll-like receptors, prevented acceleration of atherosclerosis in recipient mice.
Conclusion
Our data implicate early B cell activation and autoantibodies as a central cause for accelerated atherosclerosis post MI and identifies novel therapeutic strategies towards preventing recurrent cardiovascular events such as MI and stroke.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
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IMPROVING LONG-TERM MEDICATION ADHERENCE FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS POST-MI THROUGH LONGER PRESCRIPTIONS AT INITIAL DISCHARGE: A PROCESS EVALUATION OF AN INTERVENTIONAL STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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QTLs for Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Maize Population. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:897-904. [PMID: 30856072 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-18-1669-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alternative approaches to linkage and association mapping using inbred panels may allow further insights into loci involved in resistance to Fusarium ear rot and lead to the discovery of suitable markers for breeding programs. Here, the suitability of a maize multiparent advanced-generation intercross population for detecting quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with Fusarium ear rot resistance was evaluated and found to be valuable in uncovering genomic regions containing resistance-associated loci in temperate materials. In total, 13 putative minor QTLs were located over all of the chromosomes, except chromosome 5, and frequencies of favorable alleles for resistance to Fusarium ear rot were, in general, high. These findings corroborated the quantitative characteristic of resistance to Fusarium ear rot in which many loci have small additive effects. Present and previous results indicate that crucial regions such as 210 to 220 Mb in chromosome 3 and 166 to 173 Mb in chromosome 7 (B73-RefGen-v2) contain QTLs for Fusarium ear rot resistance and fumonisin content.
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Genome-wide association analysis for fumonisin content in maize kernels. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:166. [PMID: 31029090 PMCID: PMC6486958 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant breeding has been proposed as one of the most effective and environmentally safe methods to control fungal infection and to reduce fumonisin accumulation. However, conventional breeding can be hampered by the complex genetic architecture of resistance to fumonisin accumulation and marker-assisted selection is proposed as an efficient alternative. In the current study, GWAS has been performed for the first time for detecting high-resolution QTL for resistance to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels complementing published GWAS results for Fusarium ear rot. RESULTS Thirty-nine SNPs significantly associated with resistance to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels were found and clustered into 17 QTL. Novel QTLs for fumonisin content would be at bins 3.02, 5.02, 7.05 and 8.07. Genes with annotated functions probably implicated in resistance to pathogens based on previous studies have been highlighted. CONCLUSIONS Breeding approaches to fix favorable functional variants for genes implicated in maize immune response signaling may be especially useful to reduce kernel contamination with fumonisins without significantly interfering in mycelia development and growth and, consequently, in the beneficial endophytic behavior of Fusarium verticillioides.
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Abstract P4-03-08: Analyzing the clinical actionability of germline CYP2D6 polymorphism in Chinese breast cancer population. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-03-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:Tamoxifen is effective for endocrine-responsive breast cancer as adjuvant therapy. CYP2D6 enzyme metabolizes tamoxifen to clinically active metabolites, while CYP2D6 polymorphisms may adversely affect tamoxifen efficacy by some retrospective clinical evidence. This study was carried out to estimate genotype frequencies of common variants of CYP2D6 in Chinese population. The relationship between prescription of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and CYP2D6 polymorphism was also analyzed.
Methods: This was a retrospective research of early-stage patients who underwent surgical treatment at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center with ER+ and/or PR+ breast cancer. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, which was used for genotyping CYP2D6*10 (C100T) single-nucleotide polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-based methods.
Results: A total of 312 patients with primary breast cancer were identified. More than 90.0% patients were in premenopausal status. The allele frequence of CYP2D6*10 in the Chinese population was 54.3%. The genotype frequencies of CYP2D6*10 were 20.5%, 50.3%, 29.2%, for wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous type respectively. We also found this SNP had no significant correlation with clinical characteristics. 145 patients were continuing endocrine treatment in first 5 years. 34.5% patients received CYP2D6 polymorphism test before the prescription of SERMs. The results significantly effected the choice of SERMs. Only 6.2% homozygous type patients took tamoxifen, 45.5% heterozygous patients chose tamoxifen, while 75.0% for wild type. 65.5% patients received CYP2D6 polymorphism test during the treatment of tamoxifen. 63.9% homozygous type patients switched to Toremifene, while 18.9% heterozygous patients changed the endocrine treatment.
Conclusions: The results showed that the frequence of CYP2D6*10 allele was high and nearly 30% Chinese breast cancer population were intermediate metabolizer for tamoxifen. The cyp2d6 polymorphism would influence prescription of SERM in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Patients with homozygous types should take other endocrine treatment instead of tamoxifen, which need more evidence of prospective clinical trials.
Citation Format: Huang L, Cao A. Analyzing the clinical actionability of germline CYP2D6 polymorphism in Chinese breast cancer population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-03-08.
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Perception of Special Needs Dentistry education and practice amongst Australian dental auxiliary students. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2018; 22:e321-e326. [PMID: 29024268 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of dental auxiliaries in collaborative care of patients with special needs is compelling. This study was undertaken to investigate the perceptions of Special Needs Dentistry (SND) education and practice amongst students enrolled in Australian programmes in dental auxiliary, namely dental hygiene, dental therapy and oral health therapy (DH/DT/OHT). MATERIALS AND METHODS All Australian institutions offering DH/DT/OHT programmes (n = 14) were invited to participate in a self-administered questionnaire survey, conducted online, involving students across all academic years. Twelve institutions agreed to participate, but only five institutions were included in the final analysis, with a student response rate of 31.1%. Answers to open-ended questions were coded and grouped for measurement of frequencies. Quantitative data were analysed via chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests (significance taken as P < .05). RESULTS The majority of students could not define SND (87.0%) were not aware of the existence of this specialty (53.5%) and did not have clinical experience treating patients with special needs (68.9%). Nevertheless, they felt comfortable and positive about treating these patients independently. Most agreed that they should receive clinical and didactic education in SND, with many of them expressing interest in pursuing a specialty training in this field. CONCLUSION DH/DT/OHT students' comfort levels, positive attitudes and supportiveness for SND suggested positive implications for these practitioners to partake in multidisciplinary management of patients with special needs, thus indicating the need for standardised training requirements and practice guidelines in this area of care.
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Molecular characterisation of the broad-spectrum resistance to powdery mildew conferred by the Stpk-V gene from the wild species Haynaldia villosa. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2017; 19:875-885. [PMID: 28881082 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A key member of the Pm21 resistance gene locus, Stpk-V, derived from Haynaldia villosa, was shown to confer broad-spectrum resistance to wheat powdery mildew. The present study was planned to investigate the resistance mechanism mediated by Stpk-V. Transcriptome analysis was performed in Stpk-V transgenic plants and recipient Yangmai158 upon Bgt infection, and detailed histochemical observations were conducted. Chromosome location of Stpk-V orthologous genes in Triticeae species was conducted for evolutionary study and over-expression of Stpk-V both in barley and Arabidopsis was performed for functional study. The transcriptome results indicate, at the early infection stage, the ROS pathway, JA pathway and some PR proteins associated with the SA pathway were activated in both the resistant Stpk-V transgenic plants and susceptible Yangmai158. However, at the later infection stage, the genes up-regulated at the early stage were continuously held only in the transgenic plants, and a large number of new genes were also activated in the transgenic plants but not in Yangmai158. Results indicate that sustained activation of the early response genes combined with later-activated genes mediated by Stpk-V is critical for resistance in Stpk-V transgenic plants. Stpk-V orthologous genes in the representative grass species are all located on homologous group six chromosomes, indicating that Stpk-V is an ancient gene in the grasses. Over-expression of Stpk-V enhanced host resistance to powdery mildew in barley but not in Arabidopsis. Our results enable a better understanding of the resistance mechanism mediated by Stpk-V, and establish a solid foundation for its use in cereal breeding as a gene resource.
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Protein expression profiling in haemocytes and plasma of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum in response to infection with Perkinsus olseni. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2016; 39:1369-1385. [PMID: 27233620 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The protein expression profiling in clam haemocytes and plasma in response to Perkinsus olseni was addressed. Adult Manila clams from a P. olseni-free bed were experimentally challenged with parasite zoospores to analyse immune response. In another experiment, the effects of longer term infection were assessed in adult clams collected from a P. olseni-affected bed, by comparing moderate to very heavily infected clams with non-infected ones. Haemocyte and plasma proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis; spot patterns were qualitatively compared between treatments within each experiment and the spots indicating differential protein expression associated with P. olseni challenge or with field infection were processed for protein identification. Fifteen clam proteins (four in haemocytes and eleven in plasma) of which expression was markedly affected by P. olseni were identified. Some of the identified proteins have a well-known role in clam immune response against the parasite, such as lysozyme and lectins. Rho GTPase-activating protein 6 could be a marker of resistance against P. olseni, which should be further studied.
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Selective Sparing of Human Tregs by Pharmacologic Inhibitors of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and MEK Pathways. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:2624-38. [PMID: 27017850 PMCID: PMC5007157 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated (MEK) signaling are central to the survival and proliferation of many cell types. Multiple lines of investigation in murine models have shown that control of the PI3K pathway is particularly important for regulatory T cell (Treg) stability and function. PI3K and MEK inhibitors are being introduced into the clinic, and we hypothesized that pharmacologic inhibition of PI3K, and possibly MEK, in mixed cultures of human mononuclear cells would preferentially affect CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes compared with Tregs. We tested this hypothesis using four readouts: proliferation, activation, functional suppression, and signaling. Results showed that Tregs were less susceptible to inhibition by both δ and α isoform-specific PI3K inhibitors and by an MEK inhibitor compared with their conventional CD4(+) and CD8(+) counterparts. These studies suggest less functional reliance on PI3K and MEK signaling in Tregs compared with conventional CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes. Therefore, the PI3K and MEK pathways are attractive pharmacologic targets for transplantation and treatment of autoimmunity.
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Efficacy and safety of titrated canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin and sitagliptin. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:812-9. [PMID: 27160639 PMCID: PMC5089595 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the efficacy and safety of titrated canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled on metformin and sitagliptin. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind study, patients with T2DM (N = 218) on metformin ≥1500 mg/day and sitagliptin 100 mg received canagliflozin 100 mg or placebo. After 6 weeks, the canagliflozin dose was increased from 100 to 300 mg (or from placebo to matching placebo) if all of the following criteria were met: baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥70 ml/min/1.73 m(2) ; fasting self-monitored blood glucose ≥5.6 mmol/l (≥100 mg/dl); and no volume depletion-related adverse events (AEs) within 2 weeks before dose increase. Endpoints included change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at week 26 (primary); proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0%; and changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Safety was assessed using AE reports. RESULTS Overall, 85.4% of patients were titrated to canagliflozin 300 mg or matching placebo (mean ± standard deviation time to titration 6.2 ± 0.8 weeks). At week 26, canagliflozin (pooled 100 and 300 mg) demonstrated superiority in HbA1c reduction versus placebo (-0.91% vs. -0.01%; p < 0.001). Canagliflozin provided significant reductions in FPG, body weight and SBP compared with placebo (p < 0.001). The overall AE incidence was 39.8 and 44.4% for canagliflozin and placebo, respectively. Canagliflozin was associated with an increased incidence of genital mycotic infections. CONCLUSIONS Titrated canagliflozin significantly improved HbA1c, FPG, body weight and SBP, and was generally well tolerated over 26 weeks in patients with T2DM as add-on to metformin and sitagliptin.
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Phosphatidylserine liposomes mimic apoptotic cells to attenuate atherosclerosis by expanding polyreactive IgM producing B1a lymphocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:443-452. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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A Prospective, Multicenter, Non-Interventional Study to Evaluate Quality of Life in Chinese Postmenopausal Hormone Receptor-Positive Early Breast Cancer Patients During Treatment with Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu327.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract S4-04: Overcoming resistance to PI3K inhibitors in PIK3CA mutant breast cancer using CDK4/6 inhibition: Results from a combinatorial drug screen. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-s4-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Various components of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway are deregulated across a spectrum of human cancers. Notably, cancers with PIK3CA mutations, seen in roughly 30% of breast cancers, are amongst the most sensitive to PI3K inhibitors (PI3Ki) as single agents. Therefore, there have been great efforts to develop PI3K inhibitors specifically for these types of cancers, and many agents have already entered the clinic.
Although initial responses and prolonged stable disease have been observed, resistance frequently emerges. Moreover, there is a subset of PIK3CA mutated cancers that unexpectedly do not exhibit an initial response or disease stabilization upon exposure to PI3K inhibitors, despite presence of the mutation. These cancers are said to have de novo resistance to PI3K inhibition. To determine methods of overcoming resistance to PI3K inhibitors, we generated two models with acquired resistance to the p110a isoform specific inhibitor BYL-719 (BYL) using MDA-MB-453 (453) and T47D. We also established one model of resistance to the pan-PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 using MCF7 cells. These lines were chosen because of their PIK3CA mutated status and sensitivity to PI3K inhibition. Each cell line was grown in increasing concentrations of PI3K inhibitor until the cells proliferated readily at a dose of drug that effectively reduced cell viability and inhibited pAKT in the sensitive parental cell lines. Interestingly, both BYL resistant cells (453R and T47DR) were cross resistant GDC and the MCF7R line was refractory to BYL.
To elucidate mechanisms to overcome resistance to PI3K inhibitors, we undertook a combinatorial drug screen, in which PI3K inhibitor resistant cells were treated with escalating doses of a panel of 45 targeted agents, both in the presence and absence of a fixed dose of PI3Ki, to determine which agents synergized effectively with PI3K inhibition in these resistant cells. We observed in each of the three PI3Ki resistant models a synergy between the CDK4/6 inhibitor LEE-011 and PI3K inhibition. We furthermore tested this combination of agents in a PIK3CA mutated breast cancer model with de novo resistance to PI3K inhibitors, CAL51, and again noted efficacy with the combination of GDC and LEE-011 while either agent on its own displayed minimal activity.
To determine whether addition of CDK 4/6 inhibition might be an effective addition to PI3Ki in the upfront setting in vivo, we injected each of the PIK3CA mutated lines MCF7, 453, and T47D into female nude mice and treated with vehicle, BYL, LEE-011, or the combination. We noted in each of the three models that the combination of agents, led to tumor regression that was more substantial than single agent treatment, and furthermore delayed the acquisition of resistance relative to single agent therapy. We furthermore tested GDC with LEE-011 singly and in combination in both MCF7 and CAL51 xenografts and again noted that the combination of agents led to tumor regression, whereas in these instances, single agent treatment did not.
We conclude that the combination of PI3K and CDK 4/6 inhibition may be an effective strategy for treating PIK3CA mutated breast cancer and deserves further study in the clinical setting.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr S4-04.
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Micro-Dissecting the Pathogenesis and Immune Response of PRRSV Infection Paves the Way for More Efficient PRRSV Vaccines. Transbound Emerg Dis 2012; 59 Suppl 1:50-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01292.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Role of FPR1 Formyl Peptide Receptors in the Cardioprotective Actions of Annexin-A1 Against Ischaemia–Reperfusion (I–R) Injury. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Alternaria tenuissima
causing leaf spot and fruit rot on pepper(
Capsicum annuum
): first report in China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5197/j.2044-0588.2011.024.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Impaired Recovery of Left Ventricular (LV) Function after Acute Myocardial Reperfusion Injury is Rescued by the Anti-inflammatory Peptide Annexin-A1 (ANX-A1) Ex Vivo. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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PL1-6 PKR-Dependent control of obesity-related disease. Cytokine 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Expression of mutant protein p53 and Hsp70 and Hsp90 chaperones in cockles Cerastoderma edule affected by neoplasia. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2010; 90:215-222. [PMID: 20815330 DOI: 10.3354/dao02231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
High prevalence of disseminated neoplasia has been found in cockles Cerastoderma edule of Galicia (NW Spain). Disseminated neoplasia has been associated with high mortalities of various bivalve species. In vertebrates, proteins such as p53 and heat shock proteins (HSPs) play important roles in carcinogenesis. The protein p53 has been detected in neoplastic cells of bivalve molluscs such as Mytilus edulis, Mytilus trossulus, Mya arenaria, Spisula solidissima, Crassostrea rhizophorae and Crassostrea gigas. In this study, western blotting analyses were used to test the expression of Hsp70, Hsp90 and mutant p53 proteins in the cells and plasma of the haemolymph of cockles showing various intensities of neoplasia. Disseminated neoplasia was previously diagnosed by examination of stained haemolymph monolayers with light microscopy. In the present study, mutant p53 was detected in haemolymph cells of cockles diagnosed as affected by moderate and heavy neoplasia intensity, whereas it was not detected in cockles with either no or light neoplasia. The higher the neoplasia intensity, the higher the levels of Hsp70 and Hsp90. These proteins were not found in plasma. The results reveal the possible association between p53 and HSPs in neoplastic cells of cockles, which could prevent p53 from carrying out its functions, as occurs in human cancers.
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A novel missense mutation (C84R) in a patient with type II vitamin d-dependent rickets. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2010; 118:177-9. [PMID: 20146166 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1103275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A 7-year-old boy with severe rickets that by clinical analysis was diagnosed as affected by type II vitamin D-dependent rickets, was evaluated for mutations in the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR). The molecular analysis showed a homozygous state for a novel missense mutation (C84R) in a highly conserved nucleotide in the second Zn finger of the DNA binding domain.
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27
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[The customized and predictive medicine]. Minerva Pediatr 2009; 61:613-614. [PMID: 19935508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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28
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Age- and gender-specific awareness, treatment, and control of cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical vascular lesions in a founder population: the SardiNIA Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2009; 19:532-541. [PMID: 19321325 PMCID: PMC4658660 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the gender-specific control of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and subclinical vascular lesions in a founder population in Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS 6148 subjects were enrolled (aged 14-102 years) from four towns. Hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia (LIP) were defined in accordance with guidelines. A self-reported diagnosis defined awareness of these conditions, and the current use of specific medications as treatment. Prevalence was HT 29.2%, DM 4.8%, LIP 44.1% and was higher in men than in women. Disease prevalence increased with age for every CV risk factor. Men were less likely than women to take anti-HT drugs and to reach BP control (9.9% vs. 16%). Only 17.6% of HT > 65 years had a BP < or =140/90 mmHg, though 48.5% were treated. The use of statins was very low (<1/3 of eligible subjects > 65 years, those with the highest treatment rate). The ratio of control-to-treated HT was lower in subjects with, than in those without, thicker carotid arteries (31.5% vs. 38.8%, p < 0.05) or stiffer aortas (26.0% vs. 40.0%, p < 0.05) or carotid plaques (26.3% vs. 41.1%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION A large number of subjects at high CV risk are not treated and the management of subclinical vascular lesions is far from optimal.
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Abstract
In this study, we carried out alpha-globin gene mapping in 12 heterozygotes for Hb J Sardegna and in 5 double heterozygotes for this variant and beta-thalassemia. Then, we correlated the Hb pattern with the alpha and beta-globin genotype. In heterozygotes for Hb J Sardegna with a deletion of a single alpha-globin gene (alpha alpha/-alpha) the amount of the abnormal Hb was significantly (p much less than 0.001) higher than in heterozygotes for this variant with a full complement of 4 alpha-globin structural genes (27.5% versus 20.4%). Double heterozygotes for the abnormal hemoglobin and beta-thalassemia with a full complement of 4 alpha-globin structural genes tended to have lower amount of the abnormal Hb than heterozygotes for this variant who do not have beta-thalassemia.
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30
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Modifications in the Head Group and in the Spacer of Cholesterol-based Cationic Lipids Promote Transfection in Melanoma B16-F10 Cells and Tumours. J Drug Target 2008; 12:25-38. [PMID: 15203909 DOI: 10.1080/10611860410001683040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of four cationic lipids derived from cholesterol was synthesised and their efficiencies to vectorise nucleic acids were compared. The investigation concerns the effects of systematic chemical modifications in the polar head and in the spacer. The cationic lipid molecules used are in the same family of 3beta[N-(N',N',N'-trimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol iodide (TMAEC-Chol), presenting a spacer of two or three carbons and a quaternary ammonium polar head ramified with methyl or ethyl groups. These lipids formed stable liposomes sizing from 100 to 200 nm when prepared with the colipid dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE). The goal of this work was to investigate the effect of the chemical structure of these cationic lipids on lipofection. Their ability to form complexes with DNA, their cytotoxicity and their transfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo were studied. Results were compared with those obtained from the well known cholesterol-based cationic lipid DC-Chol. In a melanoma cell line (B16-F10), results showed that either the polar head or the spacer affected the cytotoxicity. Cationic lipids with three ethyl groups in the head are more toxic than those with three methyl groups while cationic lipids with three carbons in the spacer are less toxic than those with two carbons in the spacer. The best transfection level was obtained in vitro and in vivo with cationic lipids having 3C in the spacer. Data indicated that among these lipids, in vivo gene transfer is advantaged by the methylated polar head while in vitro the best level was obtained with the ethylated one. Finally, it was observed that the chemical structure influences the transfection in the presence of serum while the complex charge and the DOPE ratios in liposomes preferentially affect the interaction with erythrocytes. Argumentations are proposed to explain the discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo transfection results concerning the optimal charge ratio and the chemical nature of the cationic lipid head group.
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31
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Abstract
The majority of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) female carriers show dystrophin immunostaining abnormalities, although a significant proportion of clinically non-manifesting carriers are normal following this analysis. We had the opportunity to study dystrophin immunostaining in two different muscles, the vastus lateralis and the rectus abdominis of a possible DMD carrier. While the vastus showed normal dystrophin immunostaining, pathological staining was detected in her rectus abdominis. These findings seem to indicate that dystrophin expression can vary in different muscle groups of a DMD carrier. The implications of these findings in DMD carrier detection and possible dystrophin function are discussed.
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Thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase screening in 13- to 14-year-old students of the Sardinian population: preliminary findings. Public Health Genomics 2008; 11:121-8. [PMID: 18376107 DOI: 10.1159/000113873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this paper we describe the outline and results of a 7-year screening programme for thalassaemias and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in 13- to 14-year-old students from the Sardinian population. METHOD This programme had several steps: formal education on thalassaemia, request of informed consent by parents, blood testing and genetic counselling. RESULTS Out of 63,285 subjects tested, 6,521 (10.3%) were heterozygotes for beta-thalassaemia, 16,175 (25.6%) for alpha-thalassaemia and 101 were carriers of a haemoglobin variant. One thousand four hundred and twenty (16.4%) males were hemizygotes for G6PD deficiency and 1,893 (20.6%) females were heterozygotes. CONCLUSION The uptake of the programme was remarkably high and homogeneous across the island, indicating and confirming a great interest of the Sardinian population in any initiative directed at the prevention of homozygous beta-thalassaemia.
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33
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Eye gaze tracking for endoscopic camera positioning: an application of a hardware/software interface developed to automate Aesop. Stud Health Technol Inform 2008; 132:4-7. [PMID: 18391246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A redesigned motion control system for the medical robot Aesop allows automating and programming its movements. An IR eye tracking system has been integrated with this control interface to implement an intelligent, autonomous eye gaze-based laparoscopic positioning system. A laparoscopic camera held by Aesop can be moved based on the data from the eye tracking interface to keep the user's gaze point region at the center of a video feedback monitor. This system setup provides autonomous camera control that works around the surgeon, providing an optimal robotic camera platform.
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34
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Control of beta-thalassaemia by carrier screening, genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis: the Sardinian experience. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2007; 197:137-51; discussion 151-5. [PMID: 8827372 DOI: 10.1002/9780470514887.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Homozygous beta-thalassaemia in a number of at-risk populations (Greek and Turkish Cypriots, Greeks, Continental Italians and Sardinians) has been prevented at the population level by programmes based on carrier screening, genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis. The Sardinian experience is based on a 20-year programme. Voluntary screening has been offered to prospective parents and, primarily, to women with an ongoing pregnancy. Education of the population at large, training of health personnel, and use of posters and informative booklets have been critical elements for the success of the programme. Genetic counselling has been carried out in a non-directive manner following well-established guidelines. The use of extended family screening magnified the efficacy of the screening programme, allowing the identification of the large majority of parents at risk by screening only 13% of the population at child-bearing age. Following counselling, the large majority of parents accepted prenatal diagnosis. Definition of the parents' mutation and prenatal diagnosis were carried out by a number of PCR-based procedures. The programme was effective, as indicated by the reduction of the birth rate of thalassaemia major from 1:250 live births to 1:4000.
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Activity of MVA 5T4 alone or in combination with either interleukin-2 (IL-2) or interferon-α (IFN) in patients (Pts) with metastatic renal cell cancer (MRCC). J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3069 Background: MVA 5T4 consists of the highly attenuated modified Vaccinia Ankara virus containing the gene encoding the human TAA 5T4. Ninety percent or more of RCCs overexpress the 5T4 antigen. A series of clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of MVA 5T4 as a single agent or in combination with Interleukin-2 or Interferon Alpha 2B. Methods: Eligibility: pathologic diagnosis of clear cell or papillary RCC, progressive measurable metastases, any prior therapy, adequate physiologic parameters, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) = 80%, and no active CNS involvement. A regimen of MVA 5T4 alone or in combination with IFN or IL-2 was given. Results: A total of 41 patients received MVA 5T4 alone or in combination. 33 patients received MVA 5T4 with low dose IL-2 or IFN. 23 pts had clear cell; 12 papillary; 5 mixed clear cell; and 1 mixed papillary. 19 pts continue to receive therapy. 2 pts (both clear cell RCC) developed complete responses, 3 pts/partial responses (2 clear cell, 1 papillary) 8 pts/stable for 3+months and 6 pts are too early to be staged at this time. Median duration of therapy is 3.0+ (1+-13+) months. Conclusion: Although comparable antibody response were observed in papillary and clear cell histotypes, clear cell patients appeared to be more likely to respond in terms of clinical benefit parameters, to be presented. Of note is that preliminary analysis of clear cell patients suggests a relationship between the anti-5T4 immune response and tumor response. With the immunological potency and encouraging clinical activity, the future research will focus on the phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled parallel group study to investigate whether MVA 5T4, added to first line standard of care therapy, prolongs the survival of patients with locally advanced or metastatic clear cell as well as studies to further optimize MVA 5T4 potency. [Table: see text]
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36
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An atlas-based method to compensate for brain shift: preliminary results. Med Image Anal 2007; 11:128-45. [PMID: 17336133 PMCID: PMC3819812 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2005] [Revised: 11/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Compensating for intraoperative brain shift using computational models has shown promising results. Since computational time is an important factor during neurosurgery, a priori knowledge of the possible sources of deformation can increase the accuracy of model-updated image-guided systems. In this paper, a strategy to compensate for distributed loading conditions in the brain such as brain sag, volume changes due to drug reactions, and brain swelling due to edema is presented. An atlas of model deformations based on these complex loading conditions is computed preoperatively and used with a constrained linear inverse model to predict the intraoperative distributed brain shift. This relatively simple inverse finite-element approach is investigated within the context of a series of phantom experiments, two in vivo cases, and a simulation study. Preliminary results indicate that the approach recaptured on average 93% of surface shift for the simulation, phantom, and in vivo experiments. With respect to subsurface shift, comparisons were only made with simulation and phantom experiments and demonstrated an ability to recapture 85% of the shift. This translates to a remaining surface and subsurface shift error of 0.7+/-0.3 mm, and 1.0+/-0.4 mm, respectively, for deformations on the order of 1cm.
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37
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Many surgical robotic interfaces allow users to interact with robots over a wide potential range of motion, yet variation in operator performance across a range of motion remains unexamined. This research identifies and explores a new construct, the surgeon's 'comfortable working envelope' within the available range of motion, as a factor in surgical robotic interface design. METHODS Task accuracy and completion time for a simple aimed movement task were analysed as a function of participant hand positions obtained via infrared motion tracking. RESULTS Hand positions outside the 'comfortable working envelope' led to a 20% increase in error magnitude. With respect to the overall input device range of motion, there were large variations in performance, up to 31% difference in error magnitude and 11% difference in movement time. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that advanced surgical robots should have intelligent re-indexing strategies. Alternatively, the robot's control gain should adaptively change with respect to hand position to normalize a surgeon's performance throughout his/her working volume.
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113 POSTER Phase II trial to assess the activity of MVA5T4 (Trovax®) alone versus MVA5T4 plus granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients (pts) with progressive hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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39
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Novel prevention of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by the nitroxyl anion via antioxidant actions. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Atrial natriuretic peptide ameloriates diabetic cardiomyopathy in insulin-deficient rats in vivo. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Molecular pathology of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. LA PEDIATRIA MEDICA E CHIRURGICA 2005; 27:55-62. [PMID: 16913634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
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42
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Abstract
We report two novel mutations, c.230T>C (p.F77S) and c.64_69del (p.V22_D23del) within the HSR domain of the AIRE protein in two patients of Italian descent affected by APECED. Both mutations were found in the compound heterozygous state respectively with c.994+5G>T and c.232T>A (p.W78R). With the two-hybrid assay in the yeast system we found that constructs containing the two mutations fail to interact with the wild-type protein. These findings indicate that both mutations negatively affected the homodimerization properties of the AIRE protein, thereby leading to a defective function.
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43
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A hydroxyethylated cholesterol-based cationic lipid for DNA delivery: effect of conditioning. Int J Pharm 2004; 278:143-63. [PMID: 15158957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2003] [Revised: 02/24/2004] [Accepted: 03/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesised a novel cholesterol-based cationic lipid to promote DNA transfer in cells. This lipid, dimethyl hydroxyethyl aminopropane carbamoyl cholesterol iodide (DMHAPC-Chol) contains a biodegradable carbamoyl linker and a hydroxyethyl group in the polar amino head moiety and is characterised by NMR. Liposomes prepared from this lipid and dioleoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DOPE) in equimolar proportion showed a weak cytotoxicity as revealed by MTT assays and are efficient to deliver plasmids DNA evaluated by the expression of reporter genes in vitro and in vivo. In this paper, we present an original method to determine the lipid concentration based on the colorimetric detection of the colipid DOPE and the measure of the molar ratio DOPE/cationic lipid in the liposome by FTIR spectroscopy. The liposomes and lipid/DNA complexes structures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by quasi-elastic light scattering (QLS). TEM indicated that the complexes correspond to aggregates containing globular substructures with liposomes size. The method of immuno-gold labelling was used to detect plasmid in the complex and reveals the presence of DNA inside the aggregates. Transfection results showed efficient DNA transfer depending on the charge ratio and liposomes conditioning. Gel retardation results indicated that at a molar charge ratio between X = 1.5 and X = 2.5 (depending on the liposome conditioning), all DNA was taken by liposomes. We showed that conditioning by freeze-drying (lyophilization) facilitates storage and improves transfection efficiency. When the liposomes were lyophilized prior to DNA addition or when the complexes were subjected to freeze-thawing cycles, the obtained complexes showed a transfection with levels enhanced up to four and five-fold respectively for the lyophilized liposomes and freeze-thawed complexes. NMR was used to characterize the modifications under freezing which showed an effect on 31P spectra.
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Duplication of the terminal band of the long arm of chromosome 7: a new case. GENETIC COUNSELING (GENEVA, SWITZERLAND) 2004; 15:87-90. [PMID: 15083705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on a new case of de novo duplication of the terminal band of chromosome 7, 46, XX dup(7) (q36 > qter), defined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which cause a recognizable phenotype consisting of macrocephaly, prominent frontal bossing, slight developmental delay.
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45
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46
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Partial proximal trisomy 10q syndrome: a new case. GENETIC COUNSELING (GENEVA, SWITZERLAND) 2003; 13:411-6. [PMID: 12558111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of partial proximal trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 10 confirmed by fluorescence in situ hibridization (FISH) performed with whole chromosome 10 specific painting and specific yac clones. The phenotypic findings, compared to those found in other published cases with the same karyotype, support the recognition of a distinctive partial proximal trisomy 10q syndrome (10q11-->q22).
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Transfer into a mesothelioma cell line of tumor suppressor gene p16 by cholesterol-based cationic lipids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1611:131-9. [PMID: 12659954 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(03)00034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the tumor suppressor gene p16 was efficiently transferred into FR cells isolated from a patient with malignant mesothelioma using cationic liposomes prepared from trimethyl aminoethane carbamoyl cholesterol (TMAEC-Chol) and triethyl aminopropane carbamoyl cholesterol (TEAPC-Chol). This transfer was performed after preliminary assays were undertaken to find the optimal transfection conditions. Results showed that an efficient transfer of plasmids containing the reporter gene pCMV-beta galactosidase vectorized by TMAEC-Chol/DOPE and TEAPC-Chol/DOPE liposomes into mesothelioma FR cells was obtained as assessed by luminometric measurements of beta-galactosidase activity. Cytotoxicity studied by MTT test showed that at concentrations used for this study, the cationic liposomes have no effect on cell growth. Transfer into mesothelioma FR cells of a plasmid construct containing the tumor suppressor gene p16 was carried out with these liposomes. Western blotting and immunofluorescence showed the presence of p16 in treated cells. An inhibition of cell growth was observed, indicating that efficient tumor suppressor gene transfer can be performed by using cationic liposomes.
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In vitro and in vivo transfection of melanoma cells B16-F10 mediated by cholesterol-based cationic liposomes. J Drug Target 2002; 10:557-66. [PMID: 12683723 DOI: 10.1080/1061186021000038049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo transgene expression in B16-F10 melanoma cells has been investigated using an original cationic liposome prepared with triethyl aminopropane carbamoyl cholesterol iodide (TEAPC-Chol) as carrier. TEAPC-Chol/DOPE (dioleoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine) liposomes are unilamellar, very stable and not toxic in the used concentration range. The yield in complexation with plasmid DNA can reach 100% even in the presence of fetal calf serum. The transfection level has been evaluated by luminometric measurements of luciferase expression. With TEAPC-Chol/DOPE (1:1) liposomes, a relatively high transfection level in B16-F10 cells has been observed comparing to commercial reagents. For in vivo assays, the transfection level in tumors induced in Nude mice has been optimized by studying the effects of charge ratio, of the helper lipid and of the injection volume. Results showed that TEAPC-Chol/DOPE (1:1) liposomes have improved 10-fold transfection level versus direct gene transfer of free DNA.
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49
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Abstract
More than 200 Wilson disease (WD) disease-causing mutations have been defined to date. Missense mutations are largely prevalent while splice-site mutations are limited in number. Most reside in the splice donor or acceptor sites and only a minority are detected in splicing consensus sequences. Furthermore, only a few splicing mutations have been studied at the RNA level to date. In this study, using the RT-PCR method we performed the molecular characterization of four consensus splice-site mutations identified by DNA analysis in patients with WD. One of them, previously described 1707+3insT, occurred at position 3 in the donor splice site of intron 4, while the other three, 2122-8T>G, 2866-6T>G, and 3061-12T>A, are novel and occurred in the acceptor splice sites of introns 7, 12, and 13, respectively. Analysis revealed a prevalently abnormal splicing in the samples carrying the mutations compared to the normal controls. Comparison of RNA splicing with normal controls in liver and lymphocytes further suggests that abnormal splicing of the WD gene is also present and differentially regulated in normal tissues. The results produced in this study strongly suggest that DNA mutations residing in the consensus sequence of WD gene splice sites result in the WD phenotype by interfering with the production of the normal WD protein. Further studies are necessary to better quantify the amount of different transcripts produced by these mutations, and establish their correlation with the disease phenotype.
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Evaluation and optimization of DNA delivery into gliosarcoma 9L cells by a cholesterol-based cationic liposome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1564:393-402. [PMID: 12175922 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(02)00474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports results concerning the transfection of gliosarcoma cells 9L using an original cholesterol-based cationic liposome as carrier. This cationic liposome was prepared from triethyl aminopropane carbamoyl cholesterol (TEAPC-Chol) and a helper lipid, dioleoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DOPE). The used concentration of liposome was not cytotoxic as revealed by the MTT test. TEAPC-Chol/DOPE liposomes allowed the plasmids encoding reporter genes to enter the nucleus as observed both by electron microscopy and functionality tests using fluorescence detection of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luminometric measurements of luciferase activity. By changing the cationic lipid/DNA molar charge ratio, optimal conditions were determined. Further, improvement of the transfection level has been obtained by either precondensing plasmid DNA with poly-L-lysine or by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the transfection medium. The optimal conditions determined are different depending on whether the transfection is made with cells in culture or with tumors induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of cells in Nude mice. For in vivo assays, a simple method to overcome the interference of haemoglobin with the chemiluminescence intensity of luciferase has been used. These results would be useful for gaining knowledge about the potential for the cationic liposome TEAPC-Chol/DOPE to transfect brain tumors efficiently.
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