1
|
Meeuwsen MH, Wouters AK, Hagedoorn RS, Kester MGD, Remst DFG, van der Steen DM, de Ru A, van Veelen PA, Rossjohn J, Gras S, Falkenburg JHF, Heemskerk MHM. Cutting Edge: Unconventional CD8 + T Cell Recognition of a Naturally Occurring HLA-A*02:01-Restricted 20mer Epitope. J Immunol 2022; 208:1851-1856. [PMID: 35379743 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Unconventional HLA class I-restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes, longer than 10 aa, have been implicated to play a role in human immunity against viruses and cancer. T cell recognition of long peptides, centrally bulging from the HLA cleft, has been described previously. Alternatively, long peptides can contain a linear HLA-bound core peptide, with a N- or C-terminal peptide "tail" extending from the HLA peptide binding groove. The role of such a peptide "tail" in CD8+ T cell recognition remains unclear. In this study, we identified a 20mer peptide (FLPTPEELGLLGPPRPQVLA [FLP]) derived from the IL-27R subunit α gene restricted to HLA-A*02:01, for which we solved the crystal structure and demonstrated a long C-terminal "tail" extension. FLP-specific T cell clones demonstrated various recognition modes, some T cells recognized the FLP core peptide, while for other T cells the peptide tail was essential for recognition. These results demonstrate a crucial role for a C-terminal peptide tail in immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda H Meeuwsen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;
| | - Anne K Wouters
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renate S Hagedoorn
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michel G D Kester
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis F G Remst
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk M van der Steen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; and
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; and
| | | | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cordeiro YG, Mulder LM, van Zeijl RJM, Paskoski LB, van Veelen P, de Ru A, Strefezzi RF, Heijs B, Fukumasu H. Proteomic Analysis Identifies FNDC1, A1BG, and Antigen Processing Proteins Associated with Tumor Heterogeneity and Malignancy in a Canine Model of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235901. [PMID: 34885011 PMCID: PMC8657005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
New insights into the underlying biological processes of breast cancer are needed for the development of improved markers and treatments. The complex nature of mammary cancer in dogs makes it a great model to study cancer biology since they present a high degree of tumor heterogeneity. In search of disease-state biomarkers candidates, we applied proteomic mass spectrometry imaging in order to simultaneously detect histopathological and molecular alterations whilst preserving morphological integrity, comparing peptide expression between intratumor populations in distinct levels of differentiation. Peptides assigned to FNDC1, A1BG, and double-matching keratins 18 and 19 presented a higher intensity in poorly differentiated regions. In contrast, we observed a lower intensity of peptides matching calnexin, PDIA3, and HSPA5 in poorly differentiated cells, which enriched for protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum and antigen processing, assembly, and loading of class I MHC. Over-representation of collagen metabolism, coagulation cascade, extracellular matrix components, cadherin-binding and cell adhesion pathways also distinguished cell populations. Finally, an independent validation showed FNDC1, A1BG, PDIA3, HSPA5, and calnexin as significant prognostic markers for human breast cancer patients. Thus, through a spatially correlated characterization of spontaneous carcinomas, we described key proteins which can be further validated as potential prognostic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonara G. Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (Y.G.C.); (L.B.P.); (R.F.S.)
| | - Leandra M. Mulder
- Center of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.M.M.); (R.J.M.v.Z.); (P.v.V.); (A.d.R.); (B.H.)
| | - René J. M. van Zeijl
- Center of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.M.M.); (R.J.M.v.Z.); (P.v.V.); (A.d.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Lindsay B. Paskoski
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (Y.G.C.); (L.B.P.); (R.F.S.)
| | - Peter van Veelen
- Center of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.M.M.); (R.J.M.v.Z.); (P.v.V.); (A.d.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Center of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.M.M.); (R.J.M.v.Z.); (P.v.V.); (A.d.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Ricardo F. Strefezzi
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (Y.G.C.); (L.B.P.); (R.F.S.)
| | - Bram Heijs
- Center of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.M.M.); (R.J.M.v.Z.); (P.v.V.); (A.d.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (Y.G.C.); (L.B.P.); (R.F.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-3565-6864
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Verheul MK, Janssen GM, de Ru A, Stoeken-Rijsbergen G, Levarht EN, Kwekkeboom JC, Bomer N, Ioan-Facsinay A, Meulenbelt I, Cordfunke RA, Drijfhout JW, Toes RE, van Veelen PA, Trouw LA. Mass-spectrometric identification of carbamylated proteins present in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients and controls. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2021. [DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/0ms5pk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marije K. Verheul
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - George M.C. Janssen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - E.W. Nivine Levarht
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nils Bomer
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andreea Ioan-Facsinay
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Cordfunke
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan W. Drijfhout
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rene E.M. Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A. van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Leendert A. Trouw
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cordeiro YG, Heijs BP, Mulder LM, van Zeijl RJ, van Veelen P, de Ru A, Strefezzi RF, Fukumasu H. Abstract 2709: Mass spectrometry imaging for the assessment of intratumor molecular heterogeneity in canine metastatic mammary carcinomas: A comparative approach for biomarker discovery. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A reliable animal model that captures the key features of human cancer is essential to bring new insights for oncology research. In this context, spontaneously occurring canine cancers are excellent models to study tumor development and progression, since dogs share the same environment as humans and present many similarities regarding anatomic, histological, molecular and clinical features. Here, we aimed to identify and characterize intratumor heterogeneity using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of proteolytic peptides in order to simultaneously detect morphological and molecular alterations whilst preserving tissue integrity, directing the search for cancer biomarkers. Samples were obtained from five dogs diagnosed with metastatic disease, and MALDI-FT-ICR-MSI data of 17 primary tumors were co-registered to hematoxylin and eosin stained slides. Unsupervised clustering of tumor spectra was performed using the bisecting k-means method in SCiLS Lab (Bruker Daltonics, DE) and two molecularly distinct clusters (CL1 and CL2) were selected regardless morphological presentation. We also performed a supervised analysis, by annotating (FlexImagingTM, Bruker Daltonics, DE) and classifying tumor regions of interest into low- and high-grade populations according to previously established morphological criteria. LC/MS-MS of extracted peptides was used for protein identity assignment based on mass matching, and functional enrichment was performed using a human protein-coding database. Discriminative peaks were identified using ROC and Wilcoxon methods. M/z signals presenting AUC > 0.7 and FDR < 0.05, and biological functions with FDR < 0.05 were considered significant. We found 266 features discriminating low- and high-grade tumor populations, resulting in 44 protein IDs, and 185 features significantly different between CL1 and CL2, with 35 IDs retrieved. CANX, RSPA5 and PDIA3, found down-regulated in high-grade compared to low-grade regions, enriched for protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum process, suggesting that morphology changes may have arisen from protein misfolding due to reticular stress. Both protein sets enriched for cell adhesion molecule binding, cadherin binding and structural molecule activity. HMGN3, HNRNPC and histones H2AFY and HIST1H1C, resulting from the comparison of clusters CL1 and CL2, also enriched for nucleosome binding and chromatin DNA binding, alterations that could have not been detected only by conventional histopathological evaluation. Ongoing analyses aim to further characterize the intratumor molecular heterogeneity of microscopically indistinct populations and its association to cancer progression and metastasis.
Citation Format: Yonara G. Cordeiro, Bram P.A.M Heijs, Leandra M. Mulder, René J. van Zeijl, Peter van Veelen, Arnoud de Ru, Ricardo F. Strefezzi, Heidge Fukumasu. Mass spectrometry imaging for the assessment of intratumor molecular heterogeneity in canine metastatic mammary carcinomas: A comparative approach for biomarker discovery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2709.
Collapse
|
5
|
Momčilović A, de Haan N, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Bondt A, Koeleman CAM, Falck D, de Neef LA, Mesker WE, Tollenaar R, de Ru A, van Veelen P, Wuhrer M, Dotz V. Simultaneous Immunoglobulin A and G Glycopeptide Profiling for High-Throughput Applications. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4518-4526. [PMID: 32091889 PMCID: PMC7252899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Immunoglobulin (Ig)
glycosylation is recognized for its influence
on Ig turnover and effector functions. However, the large-scale profiling
of Ig glycosylation in a biomedical setting is challenged by the existence
of different Ig isotypes and subclasses, their varying serum concentrations,
and the presence of multiple glycosylation sites per Ig. Here, a high-throughput
nanoliquid chromatography (LC)- mass spectrometry (MS)-based method
for simultaneous analysis of IgG and IgA glycopeptides was developed
and applied on a serum sample set from 185 healthy donors. Sample
preparation from minute amounts of serum was performed in 96-well
plate format. Prior to trypsin digestion, IgG and IgA were enriched
simultaneously, followed by a one-step denaturation, reduction, and
alkylation. The obtained nanoLC-MS data were subjected to semiautomated,
targeted feature integration and quality control. The combined and
simplified protocol displayed high overall method repeatability, as
assessed using pooled plasma and serum standards. Taking all samples
together, 143 individual N- and O-glycopeptides were reliably quantified. These glycopeptides were
attributable to 11 different peptide backbones, derived from IgG1,
IgG2/3, IgG4, IgA1, IgA2, and the joining chain from dimeric IgA.
Using this method, novel associations were found between IgA N- and O-glycosylation and age. Furthermore,
previously reported associations of IgG Fc glycosylation with age
in healthy individuals were confirmed. In conclusion, the new method
paves the way for high-throughput multiprotein plasma glycoproteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Momčilović
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Bondt
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien A M Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David Falck
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Louise A de Neef
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma E Mesker
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Tollenaar
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Viktoria Dotz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pirro M, Schoof E, van Vliet SJ, Rombouts Y, Stella A, de Ru A, Mohammed Y, Wuhrer M, van Veelen PA, Hensbergen PJ. Glycoproteomic Analysis of MGL-Binding Proteins on Acute T-Cell Leukemia Cells. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1125-1132. [PMID: 30582698 PMCID: PMC6399673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
C-type lectins are
a diverse group of proteins involved in many
human physiological and pathological processes. Most C-type lectins
are glycan-binding proteins, some of which are pivotal for innate
immune responses against pathogens. Other C-type lectins, such as
the macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), have been shown to induce
immunosuppressive responses upon the recognition of aberrant glycosylation
on cancer cells. MGL is known to recognize terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), such as the Tn antigen, which is commonly
found on malignant cells. Even though this glycan specificity of MGL
is well described, there is a lack of understanding of the actual
glycoproteins that bind MGL. We present a glycoproteomic workflow
for the identification of MGL-binding proteins, which we applied to
study MGL ligands on the human Jurkat leukemia cell line. In addition
to the known MGL ligands and Tn antigen-carrying proteins CD43 and
CD45 on these cells, we have identified a set of novel cell-surface
ligands for MGL. Importantly, for several of these, O-glycosylation
has hitherto not been described. Altogether, our data provide new
insight into the identification and structure of novel MGL ligands
that presumably act as modulatory molecules in cancer immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pirro
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Esmee Schoof
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, 1007 MB Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Yoann Rombouts
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale , Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , Toulouse 31062 , France
| | - Alexandre Stella
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale , Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , Toulouse 31062 , France
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Yassene Mohammed
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Hensbergen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , 2300 RC Leiden , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kronenberg-Versteeg D, Eichmann M, Russell MA, de Ru A, Hehn B, Yusuf N, van Veelen PA, Richardson SJ, Morgan NG, Lemberg MK, Peakman M. Molecular Pathways for Immune Recognition of Preproinsulin Signal Peptide in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2018; 67:687-696. [PMID: 29343547 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The signal peptide region of preproinsulin (PPI) contains epitopes targeted by HLA-A-restricted (HLA-A0201, A2402) cytotoxic T cells as part of the pathogenesis of β-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes. We extended the discovery of the PPI epitope to disease-associated HLA-B*1801 and HLA-B*3906 (risk) and HLA-A*1101 and HLA-B*3801 (protective) alleles, revealing that four of six alleles present epitopes derived from the signal peptide region. During cotranslational translocation of PPI, its signal peptide is cleaved and retained within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, implying it is processed for immune recognition outside of the canonical proteasome-directed pathway. Using in vitro translocation assays with specific inhibitors and gene knockout in PPI-expressing target cells, we show that PPI signal peptide antigen processing requires signal peptide peptidase (SPP). The intramembrane protease SPP generates cytoplasm-proximal epitopes, which are transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), ER-luminal epitopes, which are TAP independent, each presented by different HLA class I molecules and N-terminal trimmed by ER aminopeptidase 1 for optimal presentation. In vivo, TAP expression is significantly upregulated and correlated with HLA class I hyperexpression in insulin-containing islets of patients with type 1 diabetes. Thus, PPI signal peptide epitopes are processed by SPP and loaded for HLA-guided immune recognition via pathways that are enhanced during disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Kronenberg-Versteeg
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, U.K.
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, U.K
| | - Martin Eichmann
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, U.K
| | - Mark A Russell
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Beate Hehn
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norkhairin Yusuf
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, U.K
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | - Marius K Lemberg
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Peakman
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, U.K
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
van Lummel M, Duinkerken G, van Veelen PA, de Ru A, Cordfunke R, Zaldumbide A, Gomez-Touriño I, Arif S, Peakman M, Drijfhout JW, Roep BO. Posttranslational modification of HLA-DQ binding islet autoantigens in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2014; 63:237-47. [PMID: 24089515 DOI: 10.2337/db12-1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modification (PTM) of islet autoantigens can cause lack of central tolerance in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Tissue transglutaminase (tTG), involved in PTM of gluten antigens in celiac disease, creates negatively charged peptides favored by T1D-predisposing HLA-DQ molecules, offering an attractive candidate modifying islet autoantigens in T1D. The highly predisposing HLA-DQ8cis/trans molecules share preferences for negatively charged peptides, as well as distinct peptide-binding characteristics that distinguish their peptide-binding repertoire. We screened islet autoantigens with the tTG substrate motif for candidate-modified epitopes binding to HLA-DQ8cis/trans and identified 31 candidate islet epitopes. Deamidation was confirmed for 28 peptides (90%). Two of these epitopes preferentially bound to HLA-DQ8cis and six to HLA-DQ8trans upon deamidation, whereas all other peptides bound equally to HLA-DQ8cis/trans. HLA-DQ8cis-restricted T cells from a new-onset T1D patient could only be generated against a deamidated proinsulin peptide, but cross-reacted with native proinsulin peptide upon restimulation. The rate of T-cell autoreactivity in recent-onset T1D patients extended from 42% to native insulin to 68% adding responses to modified proinsulin, versus 20% and 37% respectively, in healthy donors. Most patients responded by interferon-γ, whereas most healthy donors produced interleukin-10 only. Thus, T-cell autoreactivity exists to modified islet epitopes that differs in quality and quantity between patients and healthy donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menno van Lummel
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kronenberg D, Knight RR, Estorninho M, Ellis RJ, Kester MG, de Ru A, Eichmann M, Huang GC, Powrie J, Dayan CM, Skowera A, van Veelen PA, Peakman M. Circulating preproinsulin signal peptide-specific CD8 T cells restricted by the susceptibility molecule HLA-A24 are expanded at onset of type 1 diabetes and kill β-cells. Diabetes 2012; 61:1752-9. [PMID: 22522618 PMCID: PMC3379678 DOI: 10.2337/db11-1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes results from T cell-mediated β-cell destruction. The HLA-A*24 class I gene confers significant risk of disease and early onset. We tested the hypothesis that HLA-A24 molecules on islet cells present preproinsulin (PPI) peptide epitopes to CD8 cytotoxic T cells (CTLs). Surrogate β-cell lines secreting proinsulin and expressing HLA-A24 were generated and their peptide ligandome examined by mass spectrometry to discover naturally processed and HLA-A24-presented PPI epitopes. A novel PPI epitope was identified and used to generate HLA-A24 tetramers and examine the frequency of PPI-specific T cells in new-onset HLA-A*24(+) patients and control subjects. We identified a novel naturally processed and HLA-A24-presented PPI signal peptide epitope (PPI(3-11); LWMRLLPLL). HLA-A24 tetramer analysis reveals a significant expansion of PPI(3-11)-specific CD8 T cells in the blood of HLA-A*24(+) recent-onset patients compared with HLA-matched control subjects. Moreover, a patient-derived PPI(3-11)-specific CD8 T-cell clone shows a proinflammatory phenotype and kills surrogate β-cells and human HLA-A*24(+) islet cells in vitro. These results indicate that the type 1 diabetes susceptibility molecule HLA-A24 presents a naturally processed PPI signal peptide epitope. PPI-specific, HLA-A24-restricted CD8 T cells are expanded in patients with recent-onset disease. Human islet cells process and present PPI(3-11), rendering themselves targets for CTL-mediated killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Kronenberg
- National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, U.K
- Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, London, U.K
| | - Robin R. Knight
- Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, London, U.K
| | | | | | - Michel G. Kester
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arnoud de Ru
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Eichmann
- Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, London, U.K
| | - Guo C. Huang
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Science, King’s College London, London, U.K
| | - Jake Powrie
- National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, U.K
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, U.K
| | - Colin M. Dayan
- Department of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, U.K
| | - Ania Skowera
- National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, U.K
- Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, London, U.K
| | - Peter A. van Veelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Peakman
- National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, U.K
- Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, London, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
van Lummel M, van Veelen PA, Zaldumbide A, de Ru A, Janssen GMC, Moustakas AK, Papadopoulos GK, Drijfhout JW, Roep BO, Koning F. Type 1 diabetes-associated HLA-DQ8 transdimer accommodates a unique peptide repertoire. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:9514-24. [PMID: 22184118 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.313940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 are strongly predisposing haplotypes for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Yet HLA-DQ2/8 heterozygous individuals have a synergistically increased risk compared with HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 homozygote subjects that may result from the presence of a transdimer formed between the α-chain of HLA-DQ2 (DQA1*05:01) and the β-chain of HLA-DQ8 (DQB1*03:02). We generated cells exclusively expressing this transdimer (HLA-DQ8trans), characterized its peptide binding repertoire, and defined a unique transdimer-specific peptide binding motif that was found to be distinct from those of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8. This motif predicts an array of peptides of islet autoantigens as candidate T cell epitopes, many of which selectively bind to the HLA transdimer, whereas others bind to both HLA-DQ8 and transdimer with similar affinity. Our findings provide a molecular basis for the association between HLA-DQ transdimers and T1D and set the stage for rational testing of potential diabetogenic peptide epitopes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menno van Lummel
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mujico JR, Mitea C, Gilissen LJ, de Ru A, van Veelen P, Smulders MJ, Koning F. Natural variation in avenin epitopes among oat varieties: Implications for celiac disease. J Cereal Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Cavalli S, Houben AJS, Albers HMHG, van Tilburg EW, de Ru A, Aoki J, van Veelen P, Moolenaar WH, Ovaa H. Development of an activity-based probe for autotaxin. Chembiochem 2011; 11:2311-7. [PMID: 20941725 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX), or ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2), is a secreted lysophospholipase D that hydrolyses lysophosphatidylcholine into the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a mitogen and chemoattractant for many cell types. ATX has been implicated in tumour progression and inflammation, and might serve as a biomarker. Here we describe the development of a fluorescent activity-based probe that covalently binds to the active site of ATX. The probe consists of a lysophospholipid-based backbone linked to a trapping moiety that becomes reactive after phosphate ester hydrolysis, and a Cy5 fluorescent dye to allow visualisation of active ATX. The probe reacts specifically with the three known isoforms of ATX, it competes with small-molecule inhibitors for binding to ATX and allows ATX activity in plasma to be determined. Our activity-based reporter will be useful for monitoring ATX activity in biological fluids and for inhibitor screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cavalli
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cavalli S, Houben AJS, Albers HMHG, van Tilburg EW, de Ru A, Aoki J, van Veelen P, Moolenaar WH, Ovaa H. Cover Picture: Development of an Activity-Based Probe for Autotaxin (ChemBioChem 16/2010). Chembiochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201090077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
14
|
Oliveira CC, van Veelen PA, Querido B, de Ru A, Sluijter M, Laban S, Drijfhout JW, van der Burg SH, Offringa R, van Hall T. The nonpolymorphic MHC Qa-1b mediates CD8+ T cell surveillance of antigen-processing defects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 207:207-21. [PMID: 20038604 PMCID: PMC2812552 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20091429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Qa-1b accommodates monomorphic leader peptides and functions as a ligand for germ line receptors CD94/NKG2, which are expressed by natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells. We here describe that the conserved peptides are replaced by a novel peptide repertoire of surprising diversity as a result of impairments in the antigen-processing pathway. This novel peptide repertoire represents immunogenic neoantigens for CD8+ T cells, as we found that these Qa-1b–restricted T cells dominantly participated in the response to tumors with processing deficiencies. A surprisingly wide spectrum of target cells, irrespective of transformation status, MHC background, or type of processing deficiency, was recognized by this T cell subset, complying with the conserved nature of Qa-1b. Target cell recognition depended on T cell receptor and Qa-1b interaction, and immunization with identified peptide epitopes demonstrated in vivo priming of CD8+ T cells. Our data reveal that Qa-1b, and most likely its human homologue human leukocyte antigen-E, is important for the defense against processing-deficient cells by displacing the monomorphic leader peptides, which relieves the inhibition through CD94/NKG2A on lymphocytes, and by presenting a novel repertoire of immunogenic peptides, which recruits a subset of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia C Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mitea C, Kooy-Winkelaar Y, van Veelen P, de Ru A, Drijfhout JW, Koning F, Dekking L. Fine specificity of monoclonal antibodies against celiac disease-inducing peptides in the gluteome. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:1057-66. [PMID: 18842794 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/88.4.1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In celiac disease patients, peptides derived from dietary gluten are recognized by HLA-DQ2-restricted CD4(+) T cells, which results in inflammation. Such immune-stimulatory peptides are found in both gliadins and glutenins. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against these peptides can be used to screen food for the presence of such peptides. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the specificity of 5 mAbs raised against T cell stimulatory peptides found in alpha- and gamma-gliadins and in low- and high-molecular-weight glutenins and to compare it with the specificity of patient-derived T cells. DESIGN The reactivity of the mAbs with gluten peptides, enzymatic gluten digests, and intact gluten proteins was determined and compared with that of gluten-specific T cells by using a combination of immunologic and biochemical techniques. Furthermore, the reactivity of the mAbs with gluten homologues in barley, rye, and oat was determined. RESULTS The specificity of the mAbs largely overlaps with that of gluten-specific T cells. Moreover, mAbs detect several homologous peptides present in gluten proteins. All except the LMW-specific mAbs also detect storage proteins present in barley and rye, whereas the gamma-gliadin-specific mAbs also recognize oat proteins. CONCLUSION The mAbs raised against T cell stimulatory peptides in gliadins and glutenins allow a comprehensive screen for the presence of harmful gluten and gluten-like proteins and peptides in food products. They can thus be used to guarantee the safety of food for celiac disease patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mitea
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Immunohematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stepniak D, Spaenij-Dekking L, Mitea C, Moester M, de Ru A, Baak-Pablo R, van Veelen P, Edens L, Koning F. Highly efficient gluten degradation with a newly identified prolyl endoprotease: implications for celiac disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 291:G621-9. [PMID: 16690904 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00034.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease is a T cell-driven intolerance to wheat gluten. The gluten-derived T cell epitopes are proline-rich and thereby highly resistant to proteolytic degradation within the gastrointestinal tract. Oral supplementation with prolyl oligopeptidases has therefore been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach. The enzymes studied, however, have limitations as they are irreversibly inactivated by pepsin and acidic pH, both present in the stomach. As a consequence, these enzymes will fail to degrade gluten before it reaches the small intestine, the site where gluten induces inflammatory T cell responses that lead to celiac disease. We have now determined the usefulness of a newly identified prolyl endoprotease from Aspergillus niger for this purpose. Gluten and its peptic/tryptic digest were treated with prolyl endoprotease, and the destruction of the T cell epitopes was tested using mass spectrometry, T cell proliferation assays, ELISA, reverse-phase HPLC, SDS-PAGE, and Western blotting. We observed that the A. niger prolyl endoprotease works optimally at 4-5 pH, remains stable at 2 pH, and is completely resistant to digestion with pepsin. Moreover, the A. niger-derived enzyme efficiently degraded all tested T cell stimulatory peptides as well as intact gluten molecules. On average, the endoprotease from A. niger degraded gluten peptides 60 times faster than a prolyl oligopeptidase. Together these results indicate that the enzyme from A. niger efficiently degrades gluten proteins. Future studies are required to determine if the prolyl endoprotease can be used as an oral supplement to reduce gluten intake in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Stepniak
- Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden Univ. Medical Center, P.O. BOX 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
van Hall T, Wolpert EZ, van Veelen P, Laban S, van der Veer M, Roseboom M, Bres S, Grufman P, de Ru A, Meiring H, de Jong A, Franken K, Teixeira A, Valentijn R, Drijfhout JW, Koning F, Camps M, Ossendorp F, Kärre K, Ljunggren HG, Melief CJM, Offringa R. Selective cytotoxic T-lymphocyte targeting of tumor immune escape variants. Nat Med 2006; 12:417-24. [PMID: 16550190 DOI: 10.1038/nm1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Defects in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted antigen presentation are frequently observed in human cancers and result in escape of tumors from cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune surveillance in mice. Here, we show the existence of a unique category of CTLs that can prevent this escape. The CTLs target an alternative repertoire of peptide epitopes that emerge in MHC class I at the surface of cells with impaired function of transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), tapasin or the proteasome. These peptides, although derived from self antigens such as the commonly expressed Lass5 protein (also known as Trh4), are not presented by normal cells. This explains why they act as immunogenic neoantigens. The newly discovered epitopes can be exploited for immune intervention against processing-deficient tumors through adoptive T-cell transfer or peptide vaccination.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation
- Antiporters/deficiency
- Antiporters/genetics
- Antiporters/physiology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Cell Transformation, Viral
- Clone Cells
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Epitopes
- Gene Targeting
- Genes, MHC Class I
- Genetic Variation
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Immunoglobulins/deficiency
- Immunoglobulins/genetics
- Immunoglobulins/physiology
- Immunologic Surveillance
- Immunotherapy
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Membrane Transport Proteins
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Tumor Escape
- Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic use
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Smyth LJC, Elkord E, Taher TEI, Jiang HR, Burt DJ, Clayton A, van Veelen PA, de Ru A, Ossendorp F, Melief CJM, Drijfhout JW, Dermime S, Hawkins RE, Stern PL. Cd8 T-cell recognition of human 5T4 oncofetal antigen. Int J Cancer 2006; 119:1638-47. [PMID: 16646078 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The 5T4 oncofetal antigen is expressed by a wide variety of human carcinomas, including colorectal, ovarian and gastric carcinomas. The restricted expression of 5T4 on tumor tissues as well as its implication in tumor progression and bad prognosis makes 5T4 a promising new candidate for immunotherapy. An MVA vaccine encoding 5T4 antigen has been successfully evaluated in preclinical studies in a murine tumor model. Here, we report the generation of human CD8 T cells specific for the 5T4 antigen by stimulation with autologous monocyte derived DC infected with a replication defective adenovirus encoding the 5T4 cDNA (Ad5T4). Analysis of several donors confirms a repertoire of such CD8 responses. In a parallel approach, incorporating the results of proteasome-mediated digestion of 5T4 derived 35-mer peptides and the potential high affinity epitopes predicted by a computer-based algorithm, we identified 8 putative HLA-A*0201-presented CD8 MHC class I epitopes of 5T4 antigen. Two of these generated specific CD8 T cells after restimulation with peptide loaded autologous DC and assay by cytotoxicity and IFN gamma ELISPOT. Moreover these particular peptide generated T cells recognized naturally 5T4 positive tumor cells only if they expressed HLA-A*0201 as judged by IFN gamma ELISPOT or ELISA. Also, HLA-A*0201 CD8 T cells recognized these peptides in a DC-Ad5T4 polyclonal response. In conclusion, there is a repertoire of CD8 T cell recognition of 5T4 in normal human donors and some candidate HLA-A*0201 epitopes have been identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy J C Smyth
- Immunology Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vader LW, de Ru A, van der Wal Y, Kooy YMC, Benckhuijsen W, Mearin ML, Drijfhout JW, van Veelen P, Koning F. Specificity of tissue transglutaminase explains cereal toxicity in celiac disease. J Exp Med 2002; 195:643-9. [PMID: 11877487 PMCID: PMC2193762 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20012028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is caused by a selective lack of T cell tolerance for gluten. It is known that the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is involved in the generation of T cell stimulatory gluten peptides through deamidation of glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in gluten. Only particular glutamine residues, however, are modified by tTG. Here we provide evidence that the spacing between glutamine and proline, the second most abundant amino acid in gluten, plays an essential role in the specificity of deamidation. On the basis of this, algorithms were designed and used to successfully predict novel T cell stimulatory peptides in gluten. Strikingly, these algorithms identified many similar peptides in the gluten-like hordeins from barley and secalins from rye but not in the avenins from oats. The avenins contain significantly lower percentages of proline residues, which offers a likely explanation for the lack of toxicity of oats. Thus, the unique amino acid composition of gluten and related proteins in barley and rye favors the generation of toxic T cell stimulatory gluten peptides by tTG. This provides a rationale for the observation that celiac disease patients are intolerant to these cereal proteins but not to other common food proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Willemijn Vader
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vader LW, de Ru A, van der Wal Y, Kooy YMC, Benckhuijsen W, Mearin ML, Drijfhout JW, van Veelen P, Koning F. Specificity of tissue transglutaminase explains cereal toxicity in celiac disease. J Exp Med 2002. [PMID: 11877487 DOI: 10.1084/jem20012028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is caused by a selective lack of T cell tolerance for gluten. It is known that the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is involved in the generation of T cell stimulatory gluten peptides through deamidation of glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in gluten. Only particular glutamine residues, however, are modified by tTG. Here we provide evidence that the spacing between glutamine and proline, the second most abundant amino acid in gluten, plays an essential role in the specificity of deamidation. On the basis of this, algorithms were designed and used to successfully predict novel T cell stimulatory peptides in gluten. Strikingly, these algorithms identified many similar peptides in the gluten-like hordeins from barley and secalins from rye but not in the avenins from oats. The avenins contain significantly lower percentages of proline residues, which offers a likely explanation for the lack of toxicity of oats. Thus, the unique amino acid composition of gluten and related proteins in barley and rye favors the generation of toxic T cell stimulatory gluten peptides by tTG. This provides a rationale for the observation that celiac disease patients are intolerant to these cereal proteins but not to other common food proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Willemijn Vader
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barroso B, Dijkstra R, Geerts M, Lagerwerf F, van Veelen P, de Ru A. On-line high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric characterization of native oligosaccharides from glycoproteins. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2002; 16:1320-1329. [PMID: 12112260 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An on-line high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) method is described for the rapid characterization of any type of oligosaccharide released from glycoproteins. The procedure can be applied without further manipulation to fractions collected from a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulse amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) system commonly used for glycosylation mapping of glycoproteins, or to a pool of oligosaccharides directly released from glycoproteins. The system consists of a porous graphitized high-performance chromatography column (Hypercarb) coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. Oligosaccharides are eluted from the column with a gradient of ammonium acetate/acetonitrile and directly identified following in-source fragmentation. Some applications of the method are presented, as well as information about the spectra and fragmentation behavior observed for N- and O-linked oligosaccharides released from some recombinant glycoproteins. Low femtomole limits of detection are achieved using proper miniaturization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Begona Barroso
- Pharming Group N.V., Archimedesweg 4, 2333 CN Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|