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Schoedel KA, Kolly C, Gardin A, Neelakantham S, Shakeri-Nejad K. Abuse and dependence potential of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review of literature and public data. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1-13. [PMID: 34773483 PMCID: PMC8770388 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abuse and misuse of prescription drugs remains an ongoing concern in the USA and worldwide; thus, all centrally active new drugs must be assessed for abuse and dependence potential. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators are used primarily in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Among the new S1P receptor modulators, siponimod, ozanimod, and ponesimod have recently been approved in the USA, European Union (EU), and other countries. This review of literature and other public data has been undertaken to assess the potential for abuse of S1P receptor modulators, including ozanimod, siponimod, ponesimod, and fingolimod, as well as several similar compounds in development. The S1P receptor modulators have not shown chemical or pharmacological similarity to known drugs of abuse; have not shown abuse or dependence potential in animal models for subjective effects, reinforcement, or physical dependence; and do not have adverse event profiles demonstrating effects of interest to individuals who abuse drugs (such as sedative, stimulant, mood-elevating, or hallucinogenic effects). In addition, no reports of actual abuse, misuse, or dependence were identified in the scientific literature for fingolimod, which has been on the market since 2010 (USA) and 2011 (EU). Overall, the data suggest that S1P receptor modulators are not associated with significant potential for abuse or dependence, consistent with their unscheduled status in the USA and internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carine Kolly
- grid.419481.10000 0001 1515 9979Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Gardin
- grid.419481.10000 0001 1515 9979Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Srikanth Neelakantham
- grid.464975.d0000 0004 0405 8189Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kasra Shakeri-Nejad
- grid.419481.10000 0001 1515 9979Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Vormfelde SV, Pezous N, Lefèvre G, Kolly C, Neumann U, Jordaan P, Ufer M, Legangneux E. A Pooled Analysis of Three Randomized Phase I/IIa Clinical Trials Confirms Absence of a Clinically Relevant Effect on the QTc Interval by Umibecestat. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 13:1316-1326. [PMID: 32583957 PMCID: PMC7719381 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Umibecestat, an orally active β‐secretase inhibitor, reduces the production of amyloid beta‐peptide that accumulates in the brain of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The echocardiogram effects of umibecestat, on QTcF (Fridericia‐corrected QT), on PR and QRS and heart rate (HR), were estimated by concentration‐effect modeling. Three phase I/II studies with durations up to 3 months, with 372 healthy subjects over a wide age range, including both sexes and 2 ethnicities, were pooled, providing a large data set with good statistical power. No clinically relevant effect on QTcF, PR interval, QRS duration, or HR were observed up to supratherapeutic doses. The upper bound of 90% confidence intervals of the ∆QTcF was below the 10 ms threshold of regulatory concern for all concentrations measured. Prespecified sensitivity analysis confirmed the results in both sexes, in those over and below 60 years, and in Japanese subjects. All conclusions were endorsed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Viktor Vormfelde
- Department of Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Pezous
- Department of Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Lefèvre
- Department of Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carine Kolly
- Department of Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulf Neumann
- Department of Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Jordaan
- Cardiovascular Safety Expert - CMO and Patient Safety - Oncology, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mike Ufer
- Department of Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Legangneux
- Department of Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Graf A, Kolly C, Dubost V, Vassar RJ, Portelius E, Höglund K, Blennow K, Rouzade-Dominguez ML, Pezous N, Kretz S, Vormfelde SV, Neumann U. FTS3-01-01: UMIBECESTAT (CNP520) IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN HIPPOCAMPAL MORPHOLOGY IN RATS OR CHANGES IN CSF AD BIOMARKERS IN HUMANS TREATED FOR 3 MONTHS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.4618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Graf
- Novartis Pharma AG; Basel Switzerland
| | - Carine Kolly
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | - Valerie Dubost
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Erik Portelius
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Mölndal Sweden
| | - Kina Höglund
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Mölndal Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Mölndal Sweden
| | | | | | - Sandrine Kretz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Ulf Neumann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; Basel Switzerland
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4
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Neumann U, Ufer M, Jacobson LH, Rouzade-Dominguez ML, Huledal G, Kolly C, Lüönd RM, Machauer R, Veenstra SJ, Hurth K, Rueeger H, Tintelnot-Blomley M, Staufenbiel M, Shimshek DR, Perrot L, Frieauff W, Dubost V, Schiller H, Vogg B, Beltz K, Avrameas A, Kretz S, Pezous N, Rondeau JM, Beckmann N, Hartmann A, Vormfelde S, David OJ, Galli B, Ramos R, Graf A, Lopez Lopez C. The BACE-1 inhibitor CNP520 for prevention trials in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201809316. [PMID: 30224383 PMCID: PMC6220303 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The beta‐site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme‐1 (BACE‐1) initiates the generation of amyloid‐β (Aβ), and the amyloid cascade leading to amyloid plaque deposition, neurodegeneration, and dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical failures of anti‐Aβ therapies in dementia stages suggest that treatment has to start in the early, asymptomatic disease states. The BACE‐1 inhibitor CNP520 has a selectivity, pharmacodynamics, and distribution profile suitable for AD prevention studies. CNP520 reduced brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ in rats and dogs, and Aβ plaque deposition in APP‐transgenic mice. Animal toxicology studies of CNP520 demonstrated sufficient safety margins, with no signs of hair depigmentation, retina degeneration, liver toxicity, or cardiovascular effects. In healthy adults ≥ 60 years old, treatment with CNP520 was safe and well tolerated and resulted in robust and dose‐dependent Aβ reduction in the cerebrospinal fluid. Thus, long‐term, pivotal studies with CNP520 have been initiated in the Generation Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Neumann
- Neuroscience, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mike Ufer
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura H Jacobson
- Neuroscience, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Gunilla Huledal
- PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carine Kolly
- Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer M Lüönd
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Machauer
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siem J Veenstra
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Konstanze Hurth
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Rueeger
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Derya R Shimshek
- Neuroscience, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Perrot
- Neuroscience, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilfried Frieauff
- Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Dubost
- Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hilmar Schiller
- PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Vogg
- PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Beltz
- PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Avrameas
- Biomarker Discovery, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Kretz
- Biomarker Discovery, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Pezous
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Rondeau
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Musculoskeletal Diseases, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Vormfelde
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bruno Galli
- Global Drug Development, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rita Ramos
- Global Drug Development, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ana Graf
- Global Drug Development, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland
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Lopez‐Lopez C, Ufer M, Rouzade‐Dominguez M, Pezous N, David O, Kolly C, Tariot P, Reiman EM, Vargas G, Lenz R, Graf A, Neumann U. [O2–17–05]: RATIONALE FOR CNP520 DOSE SELECTION FOR THE PIVOTAL CLINICAL PROGRAM IN PRECLINICAL AD. Alzheimers Dement 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.07.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lopez‐Lopez
- NovartisBaselSwitzerland
- Novartis Pharma AGBaselSwitzerland
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- AmgenThousand OaksCAUSA
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
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6
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Neumann U, Jacobson LH, Perrot L, Beltz K, Vogg B, Brzak I, Tanja D, Trappe V, Kolly C, Frieauff W, Dubost V, Jivkov MN, Theil D, Staufenbiel M, Shimshek DR. P1‐083: Preclinical Pharmacology of Bace Inhibitor CNP520. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Helen Jacobson
- Novartis Pharma AGBaselSwitzerland
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthMelbourneAustralia
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7
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Mecklenburg L, Kusewitt D, Kolly C, Treumann S, Adams ET, Diegel K, Yamate J, Kaufmann W, Müller S, Danilenko D, Bradley A. Proliferative and non-proliferative lesions of the rat and mouse integument. J Toxicol Pathol 2013; 26:27S-57S. [PMID: 25035577 PMCID: PMC4091526 DOI: 10.1293/tox.26.27s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The INHAND (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) project is a joint initiative of the societies of toxicological pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP) and North America (STP). Its aim is to develop an internationally-accepted nomenclature for proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in laboratory rodents. A widely accepted international harmonization of nomenclature in laboratory animals will decrease confusion among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and will provide a common language to increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature for classifying microscopical lesions observed in the integument of laboratory rats and mice. Example colour images are provided for most lesions. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document and additional colour images are also available electronically at http://www.goreni.org. The nomenclature presented herein is based on histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world, and covers lesions that develop spontaneously as well as those induced by exposure to various test materials. (DOI: 10.1293/tox.26.27S; J Toxicol Pathol 2013; 26: 27S-57S).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - E. Terence Adams
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelly Diegel
- Hoffmann La-Roche Nonclinical Safety, Nutley, New Jersey,
USA
| | | | | | - Susanne Müller
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach,
Germany
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8
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Maurer E, Botteron C, Ehrensperger F, Fatzer R, Jaggy A, Kolly C, Meylan M, Zurbriggen A, Doherr MG. Scrapie-Überwachung in der Schweiz. I. Klinische Aspekte von neurologischen Erkrankungen bei Schaf und Ziege. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2012; 147:425-33. [PMID: 16259408 DOI: 10.1024/0036-7281.147.10.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Small ruminants infected with scrapie show a large range of often unspecific clinical symptoms. The most-often described signs, locomotion, sensibility and behavioural disorders and emaciation, rarely occur together, and cases have been described in which only one of those signs was detectable.Thus, formulating a well-circumscribed definition of a clinical suspect case is difficult. Most animals with CNS-effecting diseases such as listeriosis, polioencephalomacia, cerebrospinal nematidiasis and enterotoxemia will, in a thorough neurological examination, show at least some scrapie-like symptoms. Among the 22 neurological field cases examined in this study, a goat with cerebral gliomatosis and hair lice showed the closest similarity to clinical scrapie. The unilateral deficiency of the cerebral nerves has potential as an clinical exclusion criterion for scrapie. However, the laboratory confirmation--or exclusion--of scrapie remains important. It thus needs to be realized that a consistent and thorough examination of neurologically diseased small ruminants (including fallen stock) is the backbone of a good surveillance system for these diseases. This should be a motivation for submitting adult sheep and goats for neuropathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Maurer
- Abteilung Klinische Forschung der Universität Bern
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9
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Herzig MC, Kolly C, Persohn E, Theil D, Schweizer T, Hafner T, Stemmelen C, Troxler TJ, Schmid P, Danner S, Schnell CR, Mueller M, Kinzel B, Grevot A, Bolognani F, Stirn M, Kuhn RR, Kaupmann K, van der Putten PH, Rovelli G, Shimshek DR. LRRK2 protein levels are determined by kinase function and are crucial for kidney and lung homeostasis in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4209-23. [PMID: 21828077 PMCID: PMC3188995 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause late-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the normal function of this large multidomain protein remain speculative. To address the role of this protein in vivo, we generated three different LRRK2 mutant mouse lines. Mice completely lacking the LRRK2 protein (knock-out, KO) showed an early-onset (age 6 weeks) marked increase in number and size of secondary lysosomes in kidney proximal tubule cells and lamellar bodies in lung type II cells. Mice expressing a LRRK2 kinase-dead (KD) mutant from the endogenous locus displayed similar early-onset pathophysiological changes in kidney but not lung. KD mutants had dramatically reduced full-length LRRK2 protein levels in the kidney and this genetic effect was mimicked pharmacologically in wild-type mice treated with a LRRK2-selective kinase inhibitor. Knock-in (KI) mice expressing the G2019S PD-associated mutation that increases LRRK2 kinase activity showed none of the LRRK2 protein level and histopathological changes observed in KD and KO mice. The autophagy marker LC3 remained unchanged but kidney mTOR and TCS2 protein levels decreased in KD and increased in KO and KI mice. Unexpectedly, KO and KI mice suffered from diastolic hypertension opposed to normal blood pressure in KD mice. Our findings demonstrate a role for LRRK2 in kidney and lung physiology and further show that LRRK2 kinase function affects LRRK2 protein steady-state levels thereby altering putative scaffold/GTPase activity. These novel aspects of peripheral LRRK2 biology critically impact ongoing attempts to develop LRRK2 selective kinase inhibitors as therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Herzig
- Department of Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Kolly C, Zakher A, Strauss C, Suter MM, Müller EJ. Keratinocyte transcriptional regulation of the human c-Myc promoter occurs via a novel Lef/Tcf binding element distinct from neoplastic cells. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:1969-76. [PMID: 17466981 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 04/07/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The proto-oncogene c-Myc is involved in early neoplastic transformations. Two consensus Lef/Tcf binding elements (TBE) were found to be prerequisite for transcriptional transactivation by the armadillo proteins beta-catenin and plakoglobin (PG) together with Tcf4 in human neoplastic cells. In epidermal keratinocytes, c-Myc was reported to be repressed by Lef-1 and PG. Using reporter gene assays, here we demonstrate that deletion of the two consensus TBE fails to abrogate transcriptional regulation by Lef-1/PG in wildtype and beta-catenin-/- keratinocytes, while it reduces transcription in pre-neoplastic PG-/- keratinocytes. We identified a TBE sequence variant downstream of the major transcriptional initiation site that binds Lef-1 in vitro and in vivo, and its mutation compromised transcriptional regulation by Lef-1/PG. Collectively, this study demonstrates that the two consensus TBE's reported in neoplastic cells are dispensable for c-Myc regulation in normal keratinocytes, which instead use a novel TBE sequence variant. This unprecedented finding may have important implications for armadillo target genes involved in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Kolly
- Molecular Dermatology, Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Müller EJ, Caldelari R, Kolly C, Williamson L, Baumann D, Richard G, Jensen P, Girling P, Delprincipe F, Wyder M, Balmer V, Suter MM. Consequences of depleted SERCA2-gated calcium stores in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 2006; 126:721-31. [PMID: 16397524 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2) pumps belong to the family of Ca2+-ATPases responsible for the maintenance of calcium in the endoplasmic reticulum. In epidermal keratinocytes, SERCA2-controlled calcium stores are involved in cell cycle exit and onset of terminal differentiation. Hence, their dysfunction was thought to provoke impaired keratinocyte cohesion and hampered terminal differentiation. Here, we assessed cultured keratinocytes and skin biopsies from a canine family with an inherited skin blistering disorder. Cells from lesional and phenotypically normal areas of one of these dogs revealed affected calcium homeostasis due to depleted SERCA2-gated stores. In phenotypically normal patient cells, this defect compromised upregulation of p21(WAF1) and delayed the exit from the cell cycle. Despite this abnormality it failed to impede the terminal differentiation process in the long term but instead coincided with enhanced apoptosis and appearance of chronic wounds, suggestive of secondary mutations. Collectively, these findings provide the first survey on phenotypic consequences of depleted SERCA-gated stores for epidermal homeostasis that explain how depleted SERCA2 calcium stores provoke focal lesions rather than generalized dermatoses, a phenotype highly reminiscent of the human genodermatosis Darier disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane J Müller
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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12
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Kolly C, Suter MM, Müller EJ. Proliferation, Cell Cycle Exit, and Onset of Terminal Differentiation in Cultured Keratinocytes: Pre-Programmed Pathways in Control of C-Myc and Notch1 Prevail Over Extracellular Calcium Signals. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124:1014-25. [PMID: 15854044 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202x.2005.23655.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
So far it was reported that a switch from low to high extracellular calcium induces growth arrest and terminal differentiation in cultured human and mouse keratinocytes. We had observed that both canine and mouse keratinocytes proliferate in high (1.8 mM, respectively, 1.2 mM) or low (0.09 and 0.06 mM) calcium-containing medium. In-depth analysis of this phenomenon revealed, as reported here, that the switch between proliferation and terminal differentiation occurred irrespective of calcium conditions when the canine and murine keratinocytes reach confluency. The "confluency switch" coincided with transcriptional upregulation of cell cycle inhibitors p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1) as well as proteins marking onset of terminal differentiation. It was further accompanied by downregulation and nuclear clearance of c-Myc, and conversely activation of Notch1, which are shown to be critical determinants of this process. Together, this study demonstrates that even in the absence of and similar to their in vivo environment, cultured canine and mouse keratinocytes follow a pre-defined differentiation program. This program is in control of c-Myc and Notch1 and does not require complementary signals for onset of terminal differentiation except those given by cell-cell contact. Once triggered, completion of the terminal differentiation process depends on elevated extracellular calcium to stabilize intercellular junctions and components of the cornified envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Kolly
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Abstract
A cardiac rhabdomyoma is described in a 6-wk-old captive fallow deer (Dama dama) that died suddenly without previous clinical signs. The tumor was characterized by multiple nodules composed of large atypical vacuolated myoblastic cells. As previously reported in humans and other animal species, there is compelling evidence that the cardiac rhabdomyoma is a congenital developmental anomaly rather than a true neoplasm. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cardiac tumor and a rhabdomyoma in a cervid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Kolly
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Berne, Länggassstrasse 122, Postfach, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
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14
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Kolly C, Durand I, Bonnet D. P91 Pneumologie — Cardiologie Le sildenafil (viagra®) dans le traitement de l'hypertension arterielle pulmonaire chez l'enfant. Arch Pediatr 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(03)90603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Kolly C, Borg J, Mallet E, Devaux A, Jeannot E, Forget C, Le Luyer B, Pascal C. P93 Pneumologie — Cardiologie Thromboses veineuses chez l'enfant. Cas regionaux sur les 10 dernieres annees. Arch Pediatr 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(03)90605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Folly M, Kolly C, Martinod SR. Coagulation induced by challenge with various doses of A pleuropneumoniae in piglets. Vet Rec 1991; 128:186-7. [PMID: 2031293 DOI: 10.1136/vr.128.8.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Folly
- Biovet Unit, Centre de Recherches Agricoles, Ciba-Geigy, St Aubin, Switzerland
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Peel JE, Kolly C, Siegenthaler B, Martinod SR. Prophylactic effects of recombinant bovine interferon-alpha I1 on acute Salmonella typhimurium infection in calves. Am J Vet Res 1990; 51:1095-9. [PMID: 2202241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo effects of a single prophylactic dose of recombinant bovine interferon (rBoIFN)-alpha I1 in calves with salmonellosis were investigated, using a Salmonella typhimurium infection model. Treatment with rBoIFN-alpha I1 reduced the degree of septicemia compared with that in control groups, and, in one experiment, using disease of reduced severity, body temperature was lower in treated calves than in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Peel
- Centre de Recherches Agricoles, CIBA-GEIGY, St. Aubin, Switzerland
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Peel JE, Voirol MJ, Kolly C, Gobet D, Martinod S. Induction of circulating tumor necrosis factor cannot be demonstrated during septicemic salmonellosis in calves. Infect Immun 1990; 58:439-42. [PMID: 2298485 PMCID: PMC258476 DOI: 10.1128/iai.58.2.439-442.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of tumor necrosis factor in the circulation of calves, which were infected with Salmonella typhimurium and exhibited septicemia as indicated by clinical signs and blood culture, was measured with a radioimmunoassay. These levels were compared with those in calves before infection and in other calves that had received an intravenous dose of gram-negative endotoxin. The tumor necrosis factor levels measured in samples taken during septicemia were not different from those in samples from infected nonsepticemic calves or samples from calves before infection. In contrast, the levels of tumor necrosis factor rose rapidly in calves after treatment with endotoxin by intravenous injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Peel
- Centre de Recherches Agricoles, Ciba-Geigy S.A., St. Aubin, Switzerland
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