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Phase II Trial of SBRT and Androgen Deprivation for Oligometastases in Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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1508MO Rationalizing the use of off-label drugs (OLD) within a special medication (ME) program for cancer patients (pt): The Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) prognostic score (ICO MEscore). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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High D dimers and low global fibrinolysis coexist in COVID19 patients: what is going on in there? J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 51:308-312. [PMID: 32671609 PMCID: PMC7363162 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUD COVID-19 coagulopathy linked to increased D-dimer levels has been associated with high mortality (Fei Z et al. in Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet (London, England) 395(10229):1054-62, 2020). While D-dimer is accepted as a disseminated intravascular coagulation marker, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) also detects fibrinolysis (Wright FL et al. in Fibrinolysis shutdown correlates to thromboembolic events in severe COVID-19 infection. J Am Coll Surg (2020). Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32422349/ [cited 14 Jun 2020]; Schmitt FCF et al. in Acute fibrinolysis shutdown occurs early in septic shock and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality: results of an observational pilot study. Ann Intensive Care 9(1):19, 2019). We describe the ROTEM profile in severely ill COVID-19 patients and compare it with the standard laboratory coagulation test. METHODS Adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU were prospectively enrolled after Ethics Committee approval (HCB/2020/0371). All patients received venous thromboembolism prophylaxis; those on therapeutic anticoagulation were excluded. The standard laboratory coagulation test and ROTEM were performed simultaneously at 24-48 h after ICU admission. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) scores were calculated at sample collection. RESULTS Nineteen patients were included with median SOFA-score of 4 (2-6), DIC-score of 1 (0-3) and SIC-score of 1.8 (0.9). Median fibrinogen, D-dimer levels and platelet count were 6.2 (4.8-7.6 g/L), 1000 (600-4200 ng/ml) and 236 (136-364 109/L), respectively. Clot firmness was above the normal range in the EXTEM and FIBTEM tests while clot lysis was decreased. There was no significant correlation between ROTEM or D-dimer parameters and the SOFA score. CONCLUSION In COVID-19 patients, the ROTEM pattern was characterized by a hypercoagulable state with decreased fibrinolytic capacity despite a paradoxical increase in D-dimer levels. We suggest that, in COVID-19 patients, the lungs could be the main source of D-dimer, while a systemic hypofibrinolytic state coexists. This hypothesis should be confirmed by future studies.
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Adult congenital heart diseases: experience from a reference center. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Coagulation management in patient with heparin induced thrombocytopenia undergoing heart transplantation: is ROTEM helpful? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Left atrial dissection: taken from darkness by transoesophageal echocardiography. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Simvastatin interferes with cancer 'stem-cell' plasticity reducing metastasis in ovarian cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:821-836. [PMID: 29848667 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell plasticity of 'stem-like' cancer-initiating cells (CICs) is a hallmark of cancer, allowing metastasis and cancer progression. Here, we studied whether simvastatin, a lipophilic statin, could impair the metastatic potential of CICs in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGS-ovC), the most lethal among the gynecologic malignancies. qPCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to assess simvastatin effects on proteins involved in stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal cell plasticity (EMT). Its effects on tumor growth and metastasis were evaluated using different models (e.g., spheroid formation and migration assays, matrigel invasion assays, 3D-mesomimetic models and cancer xenografts). We explored also the clinical benefit of statins by comparing survival outcomes among statin users vs non-users. Herein, we demonstrated that simvastatin modifies the stemness and EMT marker expression patterns (both in mRNA and protein levels) and severely impairs the spheroid assembly of CICs. Consequently, CICs become less metastatic in 3D-mesomimetic models and show fewer ascites/tumor burden in HGS-ovC xenografts. The principal mechanism behind statin-mediated effects involves the inactivation of the Hippo/YAP/RhoA pathway in a mevalonate synthesis-dependent manner. From a clinical perspective, statin users seem to experience better survival and quality of life when compared with non-users. Considering the high cost and the low response rates obtained with many of the current therapies, the use of orally or intraperitoneally administered simvastatin offers a cost/effective and safe alternative to treat and potentially prevent recurrent HGS-ovCs.
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Blood Patient Management: Knowing, developing and improving outcomes in cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.08.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Anaesthetic management and perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing a TAVI procedure. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Next generation sequencing in the diagnosis of Stargardt's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 93:119-125. [PMID: 28571903 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stargardt's disease is the most frequent form of inherited macular dystrophy in children and adults. It is a genetic eye disorder caused by mutations in ABCA4 gene with an autosomal recessive inheritance. ABCA4 is a very polymorphic and large gene containing 50 exons. The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) can be used for the genetic diagnosis of this disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS A report is presented on two patients with a clinical diagnosis of Stargardt's disease whose genetic confirmation was performed by a NGS panel of 298 genes. RESULTS Clinically, the patients showed bull's eye maculopathy and absence of flecks, and genetically they shared the Gly1961Glu mutation that could explain their common phenotype, together with c.C3056T:p.T1019M for case 1, and c.287del:p.Asn96Thrfs*19 for case 2. CONCLUSIONS NGS is particularly useful in the diagnosis of Stargardt's disease as ABCA4 is a large gene with a high allelic heterogeneity that causes a wide range of clinical manifestations.
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Down-regulation of TFPI-2 in the progression of ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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LEPTIN PROMOTES A MORE AGGRESIVE BEHAVIOR OF OVARIAN CANCER CELLS: A POTENTIAL EXPLANATION FOR A WORSE PROGNOSIS IN OBESE OVARIAN CANCER PATIENTS: IGCS-0095 Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/00009577-201505001-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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[Social class, psychosocial occupational risk factors, and the association with self-rated health and mental health in Chile]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2015; 30:2219-34. [PMID: 25388324 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00176213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the association between social class and psychosocial occupational risk factors and self-rated health and mental health in a Chilean population. A cross-sectional study analyzed data from the First National Survey on Employment, Work, Quality of Life, and Male and Female Workers in Chile (N = 9,503). The dependent variables were self-rated health status and mental health. The independent variables were social class (neo-Marxist), psychosocial occupational risk factors, and material deprivation. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. There were inequalities in the distribution of psychosocial occupational risk factors by social class and sex. Furthermore, social class and psychosocial occupational risk factors were associated with unequal distribution of self-rated health and mental health among the working population in Chile. Occupational health interventions should consider workers' exposure to socioeconomic and psychosocial risk factors.
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Abstract
This paper by Ximena Paz Aguilera and colleagues is a country case study for the Universal Health Coverage Collection, organized by WHO. It illustrates progress towards UHC and its monitoring and evaluation in Chile. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
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2102. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Multivariate methods for characterization and classification of espresso coffees from different botanical varieties and types of roast by foam, taste, and mouthfeel. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:4743-4747. [PMID: 11600016 DOI: 10.1021/jf010314l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three espresso coffee (EC) samples of different botanical varieties and types of roast were prepared in standard conditions using an experimental EC prototype: Arabica coffee, Robusta Natural blend, and Robusta Torrefacto blend (a special roast by adding sugar). The ECs were characterized with regard to the physical parameters, amount of total solids, total solids on filtrate, lipids, caffeine, trigonelline, and chlorogenic acids by HPLC, and sensory descriptive analysis related to foam appearance, taste, and mouthfeel. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to differentiate the EC samples. Arabica and Robusta samples were separated successfully by principal component 1 (55.3% of variance) including physicochemical and sensory parameters related to foam and taste of ECs. Torrefacto and Robusta Natural EC samples were separated by principal component 2 (20.7% of total variance) including mouthfeel and other attributes of color foam. Some interesting correlations among sensory and physicochemical variables were found. A very simple discriminate function was obtained by discriminate analysis allowing the classification of each EC sample into its respective group with a success rate of 100%.
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Thermal stabilization of the catalytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin E by phosphorylation of a single tyrosine residue. Biochemistry 2001; 40:2234-42. [PMID: 11329292 DOI: 10.1021/bi001919y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic domain of clostridial neurotoxins is a substrate of tyrosine-specific protein kinases. The functional role of tyrosine phosphorylation and also the number and location of its (their) phosphorylation site(s) are yet elusive. We have used the recombinant catalytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT E) to examine these issues. Bacterially expressed and purified BoNT E catalytic domain was fully active, and was phosphorylated in vitro by the tyrosine-specific kinase Src. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the catalytic domain increased the protein thermal stability without affecting its proteolytic activity. Covalent modification of the endopeptidase promoted a disorder-to-order transition, as evidenced by the 35% increment of the alpha-helical content, which resulted in a 4 degrees C increase of its denaturation temperature. Site-directed replacement of tyrosine at position 67 completely abolished phosphate incorporation by Src. Constitutively unphosphorylated endopeptidase mutants exhibited functional properties virtually identical to those displayed by the nonphosphorylated wild-type catalytic domain. These findings indicate the presence of a single phosphorylation site in the catalytic domain of clostridial neurotoxins, and that its covalent modification primarily modulates the protein thermostability.
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Dry fermented sausages elaborated with Lactobacillus plantarum-staphylococcus carnosus. Part II: Effect of partial replacement of NaCl with KCl on the proteolytic and insolubilization processes. Meat Sci 1997; 46:277-84. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(97)00022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/1996] [Revised: 02/05/1997] [Accepted: 02/16/1997] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Establishment of parameters for optimal transduction efficiency and antitumor effects with purified high-titer HSV-TK retroviral vector in established solid tumors. Hum Gene Ther 1997; 8:965-77. [PMID: 9195219 DOI: 10.1089/hum.1997.8.8-965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicide gene therapy using the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene and ganciclovir is an attractive strategy for solid tumors. Early animal studies involved intratumoral injection of retroviral producer cells or unprocessed supernatant to generate an antitumor effect. Xenotransplantation of producer cells proved effective in several models, but the crude supernatants from the same cells were of insufficient titer to produce antitumor effects. We have developed new non-murine producer lines that yield replication-defective retroviral vectors encoding thymidine kinase at high titer which are then further purified and processed, resulting in pharmaceutical grade retroviral vectors with titers of up to 10(8) cfu/ml. Purified, high-titer retroviral preparations were injected directly into solid tumors in two syngeneic mouse tumor models. Significant antitumor responses and some cures were observed following systemic ganciclovir therapy. Assays using monoclonal antibodies to measure thymidine kinase protein expression at the single cell level in vitro and in vivo were developed so that therapeutic transgene expression could be quantified. Intralesional delivery resulted in transduction of over 20% of tumor cells in a protocol designed to maximize transduction on the basis of separate analyses of route, dosage, and schedule of vector administration. A consensus strategy evolved in which the combined effects of increased titer and a longer duration of retroviral vector administration interact to maximize transduction efficiency. These results indicate that purified high-titer retroviral vectors have the potential to transfer effective quantities of therapeutic genes into solid tumors in human subjects and highlight some pharmacologic factors that could be valuable in the design of clinical gene therapy protocols.
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A new perspective on the zoogeography of the sibling mouse-eared bat speciesMyotis myotisandMyotis blythii:morphological, genetical and ecological evidence. J Zool (1987) 1997. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1997.tb02928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dry fermented sausages elaborated with Lactobacillus plantarum-Staphylococcus carnosus part I: Effect of partial replacement of NaCl with KCl on the stability and the nitrosation process. Meat Sci 1996; 44:227-34. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(96)00035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/1996] [Revised: 03/05/1996] [Accepted: 03/14/1996] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Influence of partial replacement of NaCl with KCl on lipid fraction of dry fermented sausages inoculated with a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Staphylococcus carnosus. Meat Sci 1996; 43:225-34. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(96)00021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/1995] [Revised: 02/02/1996] [Accepted: 02/11/1996] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Digoxin continues to be an important cause of drug toxicity. On the basis of a healthy volunteer study, activated charcoal has been proposed as a treatment for digoxin chronic intoxication. In order to evaluate the effect of activated charcoal on digoxin elimination in intoxicated patients during routine practice, we reviewed all Serum Digoxin Level Requests for adult in-patients from 1991 to 1993, with digoxin levels > 2.5 ng/ml. Of a total of 39 cases, 23 had been treated with activated charcoal while 16 had not. Digoxin elimination half-life during activated charcoal therapy was 36 h (S.D. 14 h; 95% C.I. 30-42 h) while in the non-treated group it was 68 h (S.D. 19 h, 95% C.I. 57-78). Calculated total body clearance of digoxin was 55 ml/min (S.D. 17 ml/min; 95% C.I. 45-64 ml/min) for the non-treated group versus 98 ml/min (S.D. 34 ml/min; 95% C.I. 83-113 ml/min) for the group receiving charcoal, representing an 78% increase in digoxin elimination.
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Partial replacement of sodium chloride with potassium chloride in dry fermented sausages: Influence on carbohydrate fermentation and the nitrosation process. Meat Sci 1995; 40:45-53. [DOI: 10.1016/0309-1740(94)00026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
A typhoid fever outbreak affecting 54 school students occurred in a Public School of Móstoles, Madrid. The date of onset was 11 June 1991 and the last detected case was 8 July 1991. Salmonella typhi was cultured from blood and/or stool samples corresponding to 54 patients and one food-handler. There were no secondary cases detected. Epidemiological investigation suggested a salad or a custard as the common source. Patients and the food-handler were treated with ampicillin/amoxicillin for up to three weeks. There were seven relapses that were also treated with the same antibiotics with success. None were found to be excreting the organisms when tested after four months. All the Salmonella typhi isolated strains were phagetype 34, biotype Xylose +, Tetrationate Reductase + and harboured a similar 22 Mdal plasmid, they were also susceptible to the antibiotics tested.
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Role of presynaptic purinoceptors and cyclic AMP on the noradrenaline release in cat cerebral arteries. J Pharm Pharmacol 1990; 42:481-6. [PMID: 1980288 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1990.tb06600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Field electrical stimulation (ES), K+ (50 mM) or ionophore X-537A (0.01 mM) induced tritium release from cat cerebral arteries preincubated with [3H]noradrenaline (NA). Adenosine and AMP (0.5 mM) did not modify tritium release caused by ionophore X-537A, but these agents and ATP (0.5 mM) significantly reduced that elicited by ES and K+; this reduction was antagonized by 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (MIX; 0.05 mM). Inosine (0.5 mM) and the agonist of purinergic A2-receptors, 5'N-ethyl-carboxamide adenosine (NECA; 0.5 mM) had no effect, but the agonist of purinergic A2-receptors L-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine (L-PIA; 0.1 mM) diminished tritium efflux caused by ES and K+. The adenosine inhibition of ES-induced radioactivity release was not affected by indomethacin (0.05 mM). MIX (0.05 mM) increased tritium release evoked by ES and K+. Agents that increase intracellular cyclic (c)AMP levels, such as dibutyryl cAMP (0.5 mM), the phosphodiesterase inhibitor Ro 20-1724 (0.1 mM), and the activators of adenylate cyclase, forskolin (0.005 mM) and NaF (2 mM) reduced tritium secretion elicited by ES and K+. However, the intracellular increase of cyclic GMP (cGMP) caused by 8-Br-cGMP did not affect this secretion. Dipyridamole (0.05 mM) and the adenosine deaminase inhibitor erythro-9-2-hydroxy-3 nonyl adenosine (EHNA; 0.1 mM) also produced inhibition of tritium secretion elicited by ES and K+. Dipyridamole reduced both the uptake of [3H]NA and [3H]adenosine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Action of adenosine and characterization of adenosine receptors in human placental vasculature. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1990; 21:227-33. [PMID: 1691999 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(90)90906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1. Adenosine induced concentration-dependent relaxations in segments of human chorionic arteries and veins precontracted with 75 mM K+, which were attenuated by 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (MIX). In the same conditions, L-phenylisopropyladenosine (L-PIA), N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine (NECA) and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (Db-cAMP) also produced concentration-dependent vasodilations. 2. The order of potency with respect to EC50 was in arteries: NECA greater than or equal to L-PIA greater than Db-cAMP greater than or equal to adenosine, and in veins: L-PIA greater than or equal to NECA greater than adenosine greater than or equal to Db-cAMP. 3. In segments precontracted with 10(-6) M PGF2 alpha, adenosine, NECA and L-PIA induced similar relaxations, which were markedly larger than those found in K+ contracted segments. 4. Db-cAMP (15 min preincubation) inhibited more potently K+ (75 mM) contractions than adenosine. 5. Adenosine reduced Ca addition-induced contractions in depolarized segments exposed to Ca-free medium, as well as 45Ca uptake elicited by 75 mM K+. 6. It is concluded that there exists a similar population of adenosine A1 and A2 receptors in chorionic vessels, which mediate adenosine relaxation. This effect appears to be mainly produced by inhibition of Ca influx, but not by a cAMP-dependent mechanism.
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Abstract
The protein p10 that forms the connector of phage phi 29, has been produced in Escherichia coli harboring a plasmid that carried the gene coding for this protein. The connector protein is assembled in a 13.4-S oligomer that has an apparent molecular weight of 460,000, suggesting that it is a dodecamer. The purified oligomers have been studied by electron microscopy of the isolated particles as well as by image-processing techniques (Fourier and rotational filtering) of artificially induced two-dimensional aggregates. The results show that the purified p10 is assembled in a circular structure with a hole in its center and 12 morphological units in the periphery. Both the morphology and the dimensions of this p10 oligomer are very similar to those of the upper neck collar extracted from phi 29 viral particles. The results strongly suggest the close relationship between the p10 oligomers assembled in E. coli and the ones produced in phi 29 infected Bacillis subtilis.
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