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Baker RE, Schlipf JW, Scollan KF, LeBlanc NL, Russell DS. In‐hospital development of an aorto‐cardiac fistula in a Warmblood gelding with chronic renal disease. EQUINE VET EDUC 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. E. Baker
- Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - J. W. Schlipf
- Department of Clinical Sciences Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - K. F. Scollan
- Department of Clinical Sciences Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - N. L. LeBlanc
- Department of Clinical Sciences Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - D. S. Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
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Collar EM, Parker JE, Gorman EM, Russell DS, Valentine BA. PCR
for antigen receptor rearrangement (
PARR
) clonality testing in a horse with a solitary retropharyngeal lymphoma. EQUINE VET EDUC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Collar
- Department of Clinical Sciences Oregon State University College of Veterinary Medicine Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - J. E. Parker
- Department of Clinical Sciences Oregon State University College of Veterinary Medicine Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - E. M. Gorman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Oregon State University College of Veterinary Medicine Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - D. S. Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Oregon State University College of Veterinary Medicine Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - B. A. Valentine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Oregon State University College of Veterinary Medicine Corvallis Oregon USA
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Milovancev M, Russell DS. Surgical margins in the veterinary cancer patient. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 15:1136-1157. [PMID: 28194921 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In veterinary oncologic specimens, histopathology is the gold standard for determining adequacy of excision. Despite limitations of this technique, the pathologist's interpretation of margin status significantly impacts patient management, including indications for adjuvant therapy. This article aims to summarize peer-reviewed literature as it relates to histologic margin evaluation in veterinary cancer patients. The value of histologic tumour-free margins and technical factors influencing histopathologic margin outcomes are also discussed. We review alternative strategies for determining excisional status, and discuss how an evolving understanding of tumour biology might inform clinical and research perspectives on surgical margins. In doing so, we aim to provide context and a stimulus for future investigations into this important yet incompletely understood topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Milovancev
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - D S Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Gardner
- The Ohio State University Galbreath Equine Center; Columbus USA
| | - E. M. Santschi
- The Ohio State University Galbreath Equine Center; Columbus USA
| | - F. Aeffner
- The Ohio State University Galbreath Equine Center; Columbus USA
| | - J. H. Pigott
- The Ohio State University Galbreath Equine Center; Columbus USA
| | - D. S. Russell
- The Ohio State University Galbreath Equine Center; Columbus USA
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Rudinsky AJ, Clark ES, Russell DS, Gilor C. Adrenal insufficiency secondary to lymphocytic panhypophysitis in a cat. Aust Vet J 2015; 93:327-31. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AJ Rudinsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - ES Clark
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - DS Russell
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - C Gilor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
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Russell DS, Scansen BA, Himmel L. Plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy in a cat with non-restrictive ventricular septal defect and chronic pulmonary hypertension. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:524-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Russell
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences; The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - B. A. Scansen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - L. Himmel
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences; The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Columbus OH 43210 USA
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Hannah-Shmouni F, Matiello M, Russell DS, Hasbani MJ. Teaching Video NeuroImages: Spasmodic dysphonia preceding idiopathic parkinsonism. Neurology 2014; 82:e55. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ihms EA, Daniels JB, Koivisto CS, Barrie MT, Russell DS. Fatal Streptococcus anginosus-associated pneumonia in a captive Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii). J Med Primatol 2013; 43:48-51. [PMID: 24117447 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infections commonly affect the lungs and air sacs of orangutans; culture and identification is rarely performed and may have clinical relevance. METHODS Necropsy, histopathology and bacterial culture were performend on a captive adult male Sumatran orangutan with chronic air sacculitis. Bacterial speciation was confirmed by sequencing of the 16s-23s ribosomal DNA spacer region. RESULTS Necropsy revealed severe suppurative pneumonia. Moderate growth of Streptoccocus anginosus was recovered from the lungs. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of S. anginosus as a cause of fatal suppurative pneumonia in a non-human primate.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Ihms
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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Clark WE, Russell DS. ATROPHY OF THE THALAMUS IN A CASE OF ACQUIRED HEMIPLEGIA ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFUSE PORENCEPHALY AND SCLEROSIS OF THE LEFT CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. J Neurol Psychiatry 2011; 3:123-40. [PMID: 21610971 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.3.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Malone EK, Rassnick KM, Wakshlag JJ, Russell DS, Al-Sarraf R, Ruslander DM, Johnson CS, Trump DL. Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) enhances mast cell tumour chemotherapy and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity in vitro and has single-agent activity against spontaneously occurring canine mast cell tumours*. Vet Comp Oncol 2010; 8:209-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2010.00223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rassnick KM, Bailey DB, Russell DS, Flory AB, Kiselow MA, Intile JL, Malone EK, Balkman CE, Barnard SM. A phase II study to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of alternating CCNU and high-dose vinblastine and prednisone (CVP) for treatment of dogs with high-grade, metastatic or nonresectable mast cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2010; 8:138-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2010.00217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Russell DS, Rassnick KM, Erb HN, Vaughan MM, McDonough SP. An immunohistochemical study of vitamin D receptor expression in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. J Comp Pathol 2010; 143:223-6. [PMID: 20334872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The active form of vitamin D (1alpha, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol; calcitriol) has potent anti-neoplastic activity in the management of a number of human malignancies. Despite promising data to suggest that calcitriol is an effective adjunct to current chemotherapy modalities, the role of calcitriol in animal neoplasia is poorly understood. Vitamin D inhibits growth of canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) in vitro, presumably due to ligand-mediated activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The aim of the present study was to examine immunohistochemically the expression of the VDR by reactive and neoplastic canine cutaneous mast cells. Expression was graded according to frequency, intensity and score (frequency x intensity). VDR expression was found in all samples containing reactive mast cells (n=9), and in 67 of 69 (97%) MCTs selected from each of the three Patnaik grades. The frequency and score of VDR labelling was greater in MCTs compared with reactive mast cells (P=0.0005 and 0.001, respectively). There was no difference in VDR frequency between the MCT grades, but the frequency of labelling in grade 3 MCTs was higher than for reactive mast cells (P=0.001). There was no association between tumour mitotic index and any of the three VDR variables (all P>0.16). VDR is widely expressed by reactive and neoplastic canine mast cells in vivo. VDR expression is unlikely to represent an independent prognostic factor, but its presence within biopsy specimens might be used to identify patients that are suited to high-dose vitamin D therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Russell
- Bernhard Baron Institute of Pathology, the London Hospital
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Russell
- The Hale Clinical Laboratory, London Hospital
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Sturgeon RE, Berman SS, Desaulniers A, Russell DS. Determination of iron, manganese, and zinc in seawater by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac50050a017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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McLaren JW, Berman SS, Boyko VJ, Russell DS. Simultaneous determination of major, minor, and trace elements in marine sediments by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac00235a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mykytiuk AP, Russell DS, Sturgeon RE. Simultaneous determination of iron, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, lead, and uranium in sea water by stable isotope dilution spark source mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac50058a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sturgeon RE, Berman SS, Desaulniers JAH, Mykytiuk AP, McLaren JW, Russell DS. Comparison of methods for the determination of trace elements in seawater. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac50061a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dabeka RW, Mykytiuk A, Berman SS, Russell DS. Polypropylene for the sub-boiling distillation and storage of high-purity acids and water. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac50002a036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Watanabe H, Goto K, Taguchi S, McLaren JW, Berman SS, Russell DS. Preconcentration of trace elements in sea water by complexation with 8-hydroxyquinoline and adsorption on C18 bonded silica gel. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac00227a043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hisama FM, Lee HH, Vashlishan A, Tekumalla P, Russell DS, Auld E, Goldstein JM. Clinical and molecular studies in a family with probable X-linked dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease involving the central nervous system. Arch Neurol 2001; 58:1891-6. [PMID: 11709000 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.58.11.1891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of an apparently X-linked dominant form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease in a family with central nervous system involvement and additional features. BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease may be inherited as an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked trait. In the X-linked dominant form of CMT, females demonstrate milder clinical and electrophysiological features compared with their male relatives. METHODS Clinical and related examinations were performed in 4 affected individuals from a family with a novel form of CMT affecting males more severely than females. DNA analysis of the connexin 32 (Cx32) gene and proteolipid protein (PLP) gene was performed. We genotyped 3 members of the family to determine which regions of the X chromosome were inherited discordantly in the affected and unaffected brothers. RESULTS Clinical studies revealed significant spasticity, hyperreflexia, and delayed central conduction, in addition to peripheral neuropathy. Nerve conduction velocities were slower in the affected males than in the affected females. Direct DNA sequencing of the Cx32 coding region and neural-specific promoter were normal. A PLP null mutation was excluded. Levels of very long chain fatty acids were normal. Genotyping studies of the X chromosome supported X-linked inheritance of the neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS This family differs from others with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathic diseases by the presence of upper motor neuron signs and additional features. The clinical features and inheritance pattern are consistent with X-linked dominant inheritance or autosomal dominant inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Hisama
- Neurogenetics Program, Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, LCI 1000, PO Box 208018, New Haven, CT 06520-8018, USA.
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Fryer HJ, Wolf DH, Knox RJ, Strittmatter SM, Pennica D, O'Leary RM, Russell DS, Kalb RG. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces excitotoxic sensitivity in cultured embryonic rat spinal motor neurons through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. J Neurochem 2000; 74:582-95. [PMID: 10646509 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) can protect against or sensitize neurons to excitotoxicity. We studied the role played by various NTFs in the excitotoxic death of purified embryonic rat motor neurons. Motor neurons cultured in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, but not neurotrophin 3, glial-derived neurotrophic factor, or cardiotrophin 1, were sensitive to excitotoxic insult. BDNF also induces excitotoxic sensitivity (ES) in motor neurons when BDNF is combined with these other NTFs. The effect of BDNF depends on de novo protein and mRNA synthesis. Reagents that either activate or inhibit the 75-kDa NTF receptor p75NTR do not affect BDNF-induced ES. The low EC50 for BDNF-induced survival and ES suggests that TrkB mediates both of these biological activities. BDNF does not alter glutamate-evoked rises of intracellular Ca2+, suggesting BDNF acts downstream. Both wortmannin and LY294002, which specifically block the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) intracellular signaling pathway in motor neurons, inhibit BDNF-induced ES. We confirm this finding using a herpes simplex virus (HSV) that expresses the dominant negative p85 subunit of PI3K. Infecting motor neurons with this HSV, but not a control HSV, blocks activation of the PI3K pathway and BDNF-induced ES. Through the activation of TrkB and the PI3K signaling pathway, BDNF renders developing motor neurons susceptible to glutamate receptor-mediated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Fryer
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8018, USA
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Abstract
Neurotrophic signaling pathways have been implicated in the maintenance of the mesolimbic dopamine system, as well as in changes in this system induced by chronic morphine exposure. We found that many of these signaling pathway proteins are expressed at appreciable levels within the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and related regions, although with substantial regional variation. Moreover, phospholipase Cgamma1 (PLCgamma1) was significantly and specifically up-regulated within the VTA by 30% following chronic exposure to morphine. PLCgamma1 mRNA expression is enriched in dopaminergic neurons within the VTA; however, the up-regulation of PLCgamma1 in this region was not seen at the mRNA level. In contrast to PLCgamma1, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2, a protein involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling, and another putative IRS-like protein were significantly down-regulated within the VTA by 49 and 45%, respectively. Levels of several proteins within the Ras-ERK pathway were not altered. Regulation of neurotrophic factor signaling proteins may play a role in morphine-induced plasticity within the mesolimbic dopamine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Wolf
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven 06508, USA
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Abstract
The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are a family of important regulatory adapters that mediate the coupling between receptor-associated tyrosine kinases and downstream effectors including phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinases (PI-3-Ks). In the present study, the distribution of IRS-4 mRNA was determined in rat brain by in situ hybridization. IRS-4 mRNA was widely expressed throughout the hypothalamus, with the most dense labeling observed in the medial preoptic nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamus, and arcuate nucleus. In contrast, and unlike IRS-1 or IRS-2, expression of IRS-4 mRNA in other forebrain and midbrain regions was much more restricted. The expression of IRS-4 mRNA in the hypothalamus suggests a specific role for this factor in the signaling of one or more receptors involved hypothalamic functions including feeding, lactation, sexual and parental behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Numan
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, B-013, New Haven, CT, USA
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Abstract
Northern blot analysis was utilized to distinguish between catalytic and truncated TrkB mRNA on the basis of transcript size. Repeated (10 days), but not acute, immobilization stress significantly increased levels of catalytic TrkB mRNA, but did not influence expression of truncated TrkB transcripts in rat hippocampus. Exposure to another paradigm, a combination of different, unpredictable stressors, also increased levels of catalytic, but not truncated, TrkB mRNA. In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that chronic stress up-regulated TrkB mRNA in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal and dentate gyrus granule cells layers of hippocampus. As previously reported, both acute and chronic immobilization stress decreased expression of BDNF mRNA, suggesting that up-regulation of catalytic TrkB mRNA may be a compensatory adaptation to repeated stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nibuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven 06508, USA
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Oh JD, Russell DS, Vaughan CL, Chase TN. Corrigendum to: Enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of striatal NMDA receptor subunits: effect of dopaminergic denervation and L-DOPA administration. Brain Res 1999; 820:117. [PMID: 10023039 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JD Oh
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Bldg. 10, Rm. 5C103, Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Rm. 5C211, 90900 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Numan S, Lane-Ladd SB, Zhang L, Lundgren KH, Russell DS, Seroogy KB, Nestler EJ. Differential regulation of neurotrophin and trk receptor mRNAs in catecholaminergic nuclei during chronic opiate treatment and withdrawal. J Neurosci 1998; 18:10700-8. [PMID: 9852605 PMCID: PMC6793370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and their receptors trkB and trkC, respectively, are expressed in the locus coeruleus (LC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA), brain regions known to be involved in opiate addiction. Previously, administration of exogenous neurotrophins has been shown to oppose effects of chronic morphine treatment on LC and VTA neurons. However, the response of endogenous neurotrophins in LC and VTA to opiate treatment is unknown. In this study, BDNF, NT-3, trkB, and trkC mRNAs were analyzed in these regions after chronic morphine treatment and during antagonist precipitated withdrawal. Although chronic morphine exposure resulted in only modest increases in BDNF and NT-3 mRNA expression in LC, precipitated withdrawal led to a marked, rapid, and prolonged increase in BDNF mRNA and a delayed decrease in NT-3 mRNA. Levels of trkB and trkC mRNAs, which were unchanged by chronic morphine treatment, were elevated in LC at 2 and 6 hr of withdrawal. By 20 hr, trkB mRNA levels in LC had returned to control, whereas trkC mRNA levels fell below control values. In contrast to the substantial alterations observed in LC, there was no regulation of the neurotrophins or trk mRNAs within the VTA during chronic opiate treatment or withdrawal, with the exception of an increase in trkB mRNA at 6 hr of withdrawal. These results suggest that neurotrophins and their receptors per se may be involved in opiate-induced plasticity of the LC, whereas other mechanisms would appear to be involved in the VTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Numan
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06508, USA
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Oh JD, Russell DS, Vaughan CL, Chase TN, Russell D. Enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of striatal NMDA receptor subunits: effect of dopaminergic denervation and L-DOPA administration. Brain Res 1998; 813:150-9. [PMID: 9824689 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sensitization of striatal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) has been linked to events leading to the motor response changes associated with the administration of dopaminomimetics to parkinsonian animals and patients. To determine whether tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR subunits contributes to the apparent long-term enhancement in synaptic efficacy of these receptors, we examined the effect of unilateral nigrostriatal dopamine system ablation with 6-hydroxydopamine followed by twice-daily treatment with l-DOPA on the phosphorylation state of rat striatal NR2A and NR2B subunits. Three weeks of intermittent l-DOPA administration produced a shortening in the duration of the rotational response to dopaminergic challenge and other changes mimicking those occurring in patients with Parkinson's disease. Concurrently, tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2A and especially of NR2B subunits increased ipsilateral to the lesion (20+/-5% and 46+/-7% of intact striatum, respectively; p<0.01) without attendant changes in subunit protein levels. Selective blockade of NR2B subunits with ACEA 10-1244, but not of NR2A subunits with MDL 100,453, reversed the l-DOPA-induced response alterations. The intrastriatal injection of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, at a dose (2.0 microg) that normalized the response shortening, attenuated the NR2A and NR2B phosphorylation increase by about 12% and 24%, respectively (p<0.01). Taken together, these results suggest that augmented tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2B subunits, alone or in combination with the smaller rise in NR2A subunit phosphorylation, contributes to the apparent enhancement in striatal NMDAR sensitivity and thus to the plastic alterations in dopaminergic responses in l-DOPA-treated parkinsonian rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Oh
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Bldg. 10, Rm. 5C103, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bldg. 10, Rm. 5C211, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Widnell KL, Self DW, Lane SB, Russell DS, Vaidya VA, Miserendino MJ, Rubin CS, Duman RS, Nestler EJ. Regulation of CREB expression: in vivo evidence for a functional role in morphine action in the nucleus accumbens. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996; 276:306-15. [PMID: 8558448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work has shown that chronic opiate administration regulates protein components of the cAMP signaling pathway, specifically in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a brain region implicated in the reinforcing properties of opiates, and that such adaptations may contribute to changes in reinforcement mechanisms that characterize opiate addiction. In the present study, we examined a possible role for the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in mediating these long-term effects of opiates in the NAc. Chronic, but not acute, morphine administration was found to decrease levels of CREB immunoreactivity in the NAc, an effect not seen in other brain regions studied. The functional significance of this CREB down-regulation was then investigated by the use of an anti-sense oligonucleotide strategy that produces a specific and sustained decrease in CREB levels in the NAc, without detectable toxicity. It was found that the antisense oligonucleotide-induced reduction in CREB levels mimicked the effect of morphine on certain, but not all, cAMP pathway proteins in this brain region, whereas a large number of other signal transduction proteins tested were unaffected by this treatment. Our results support a role for CREB in autoregulation of the cAMP pathway in the nervous system, as well as in mediating some of the effects of morphine on this signaling pathway in the NAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Widnell
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Berhow MT, Russell DS, Terwilliger RZ, Beitner-Johnson D, Self DW, Lindsay RM, Nestler EJ. Influence of neurotrophic factors on morphine- and cocaine-induced biochemical changes in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Neuroscience 1995; 68:969-79. [PMID: 8545003 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(95)00207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase in the ventral tegmental area following chronic morphine and chronic cocaine treatments. Chronic morphine treatment also increases levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein in this brain region. In the present study, we investigated the effects of infusing neurotropic factors (nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, neurotrophin-4 or ciliary neurotrophic factor) via midline intra-ventral tegmental area cannulae on these biochemical changes. Our studies examined the effects of neurotrophic factor infusion alone, neurotrophic factor infusion followed by morphine treatment, morphine treatment followed by neurotrophic factor infusion, and concurrent neurotrophic factor infusion and cocaine treatment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which by itself tended to decrease tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the ventral tegmental area, prevented the characteristic increase in tyrosine hydroxylase following morphine and cocaine exposure and reversed the increase in rats pretreated with morphine. Neurotrophin-4 and neurotrophin-3 exerted similar effects. In addition, neurotrophin-4 prevented the morphine-induced increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein. In contrast, ciliary neurotrophic factor infusions alone resulted in an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase levels, with no additional increase induced by morphine or cocaine coadministration. Nerve growth factor alone had no effect on tyrosine hydroxylase or glial fibrillary acidic protein levels and did not affect morphine's ability to induce these proteins. We also looked at the effects of intra-ventral tegmental area infusion of neurotrophic factor on cAMP-dependent protein kinase and adenylyl cyclase activity in the nucleus accumbens, both of which are increased by chronic morphine or cocaine exposure. In general, regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and adenylyl cyclase morphine by neurotrophic factors paralleled effects seen in the ventral tegmental area. Intra-ventral tegmental area infusion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (or neurotrophin-4) alone tended to decrease cAMP-dependent protein kinase and adenylyl cyclase activity in the nucleus accumbens and prevented the morphine-induced increases in these enzymes. These effects were not seen with ciliary neurotrophic factor or nerve growth factor. These studies demonstrate novel interactions within the ventral tegmental area, and its target the nucleus accumbens, between neurotrophic factors and drugs of abuse, which have potentially important implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Berhow
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06508, USA
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Widnell KL, Russell DS, Nestler EJ. Regulation of expression of cAMP response element-binding protein in the locus coeruleus in vivo and in a locus coeruleus-like cell line in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:10947-51. [PMID: 7971989 PMCID: PMC45143 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.23.10947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) has been thought to be constitutive and not subject to regulation. In the course of investigating effects of chronic morphine on the cAMP pathway in the locus coeruleus, a brain region important for opiate addiction, we found that levels of CREB immunoreactivity and CRE binding were increased by chronic morphine administration. To further investigate possible mechanisms underlying this unexpected finding, we studied the regulation of CREB expression in a cell line (CATH.a) that exhibits many properties of locus coeruleus neurons. Agents that activate the cAMP pathway led to a > 60% decrease in CREB mRNA in this cell line. Moreover, these alterations in CREB mRNA levels were associated with changes in levels of CREB immunoreactivity and CRE-binding activity. In contrast, the same treatments fail to alter CREB expression in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Widnell
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Villalba M, Alvarez JF, Russell DS, Mato JM, Rosen OM. Hydrolysis of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol in response to insulin is reduced in cells bearing kinase-deficient insulin receptors. Growth Factors 1990; 2:91-7. [PMID: 2160261 DOI: 10.3109/08977199009071496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) has been previously identified that serves as a precursor of the polar head group that mimics and may mediate some of the intracellular actions of insulin. Since many of the biological activities of insulin may depend upon the activity of the insulin receptor kinase, we evaluated the requirement for this activity in insulin-dependent GPI hydrolysis. For the analysis we used stably transfected CHO cell lines, expressing either the wild-type human insulin receptor or a mutant receptor that lacks tyrosine kinase activity (Chou et al., 1987) and a stably transfected CHO cell line, expressing the wild-type human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) receptor (Steele-Perkins et al., 1988). A GPI was identified in both types of transfected cells and in both sets of parental cells by metabolic labeling with [3H]glucosamine or [3H]galactose. The isolated glycolipid was sensitive to hydrolysis by phospholipase C and to deamination by nitrous acid. Insulin induced a time- and dose-dependent hydrolysis of the GPI in the parental line and in the transfected cell types. Cells bearing normal human receptors hydrolyzed up to 70% of their radiolabeled GPI within 2 min of the addition of 0.1 nM insulin, whereas parental cells and cells expressing the mutant receptor hydrolyzed only 20-30% in response to 100 nM insulin. IGF-1 (5-50 nM) had little effect on GPI hydrolysis in these cells as well as in CHO cells expressing the human IGF-1 receptor. It is concluded that insulin-dependent GPI hydrolysis is mediated by the normal but not by a kinase-deficient insulin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Villalba
- Department of Molecular Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021
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Villalba M, Wente SR, Russell DS, Ahn JC, Reichelderfer CF, Rosen OM. Another version of the human insulin receptor kinase domain: expression, purification, and characterization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:7848-52. [PMID: 2554291 PMCID: PMC298168 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.20.7848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have overexpressed another insulin receptor kinase molecule, which consists of residues 941-1343 inclusive of the human insulin receptor, by using the baculo-virus expression vector pVL941. Unlike the two previous preparations of insulin receptor kinase in this expression system, this molecule contains the complete unmodified sequence of the cytoplasmic domain of the human insulin receptor beta subunit. Our construct allows high-level expression of the recombinant protein in cultured Sf9 cells and in cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) larvae. An improved purification procedure yields greater than or equal to 95% pure protein in 55% yield from the cells. The specific activity of this purified protein is 3.5-fold greater than from the previously described baculovirus insulin receptor kinase (that included residues 946-1343 from the proreceptor). Like the latter molecule, the insulin receptor kinase molecule reported here sediments as a monomer, and its autophosphorylation occurs by an intramolecular process. Preliminary data about the spectroscopic features of the cytosolic domain of the human insulin receptor are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Villalba
- Program in Molecular Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
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Gherzi R, Russell DS, Taylor SI, Rosen OM. Reevaluation of the evidence that an antibody to the insulin receptor is insulinmimetic without activating the protein tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor. J Biol Chem 1987; 262:16900-5. [PMID: 3680277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin fraction of a polyclonal anti-insulin receptor antibody (B-10) derived from a patient with severe insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans was tested for its ability to activate the protein kinase activity of the insulin receptor and to mimic insulin action in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing either wild type or kinase-deficient human insulin receptors. This antiserum had previously been reported to be insulinmimetic without activating the insulin receptor protein tyrosine kinase. Antibody B-10 bound to both wild type and mutant human insulin receptors, but it induced receptor down-regulation and stimulated hexose transport and thymidine incorporation into DNA only in cells expressing the wild type receptor. Furthermore, this antibody activated the kinase activity of the wild type insulin receptor in intact cells and in vitro. It is likely, therefore, that the biological activities of antibody B-10, like those of insulin, depend upon the protein tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gherzi
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Gherzi R, Russell DS, Taylor SI, Rosen OM. Reevaluation of the evidence that an antibody to the insulin receptor is insulinmimetic without activating the protein tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Russell DS, Gherzi R, Johnson EL, Chou CK, Rosen OM. The protein-tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor is necessary for insulin-mediated receptor down-regulation. J Biol Chem 1987; 262:11833-40. [PMID: 2957374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the human insulin receptor, mutated in the ATP-binding domain of the beta-subunit, is kinase-defective and fails to mediate multiple post-receptor actions of insulin in stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells (Chou, C.-K., Dull, T. J., Russell, D. S., Gherzi, R., Lebwohl, D., Ullrich, A., and Rosen, O. M. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 1842-1847). This study addresses the role of protein-tyrosine kinase activity in insulin-mediated receptor down-regulation. Although the mutant insulin proreceptor was properly processed and able to bind insulin like the wild-type human receptor, it differed from the latter in the following respects: 1) it failed to mediate internalization of surface-bound radiolabeled ligand; 2) it did not undergo short- or long-term down-regulation in response to 1 microM insulin; 3) it did not exhibit ligand-promoted receptor turnover; and 4) it was not phosphorylated on either tyrosine or serine residues in response to insulin. Although the cells transfected with the mutant receptor failed to respond to insulin-mediated insulin receptor down-regulation, they were able to down-regulate their insulin-like growth factor I receptors in response to insulin-like growth factor I or high concentrations of insulin and were sensitive to monoclonal antibody-induced down-regulation of their insulin receptors. Antibody-mediated receptor internalization alone, however, was unable to mimic at least one action of insulin, thymidine incorporation into DNA, and did not lead to any phosphorylation of the receptor. It is concluded that either the protein-tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor or its phosphorylation state is essential for ligand-mediated receptor down-regulation.
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Russell DS, Gherzi R, Johnson EL, Chou CK, Rosen OM. The protein-tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor is necessary for insulin-mediated receptor down-regulation. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)60889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Chou CK, Dull TJ, Russell DS, Gherzi R, Lebwohl D, Ullrich A, Rosen OM. Human insulin receptors mutated at the ATP-binding site lack protein tyrosine kinase activity and fail to mediate postreceptor effects of insulin. J Biol Chem 1987; 262:1842-7. [PMID: 3100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfected Chinese hamster ovary cell lines were developed that expressed equivalent numbers of either normal human receptor or receptor that had alanine substituted for Lys-1018 in the ATP-binding domain of the beta subunit. The mutated receptor was processed into subunits and bound insulin but lacked protein tyrosine kinase activity. Five effects of insulin were assayed: deoxyglucose uptake, S6 kinase activity, endogenous protein-tyrosine phosphorylation, glycogen synthesis, and thymidine uptake. In each case, cells bearing normal human receptors were 10-100-fold more sensitive to insulin than the parental cells. Cells with the mutant receptor behaved like the parental cells with respect to S6 kinase activation, endogenous substrate phosphorylation, glycogen synthesis, and thymidine uptake, but their deoxyglucose uptake was significantly depressed and relatively insensitive to insulin. The analyses led to the following conclusions: substitution of alanine for lysine at amino acid 1018 inactivates the kinase activity of the receptor; a kinase-negative receptor can be properly processed and bind insulin; insulin-dependent deoxyglucose uptake, S6 kinase activation, endogenous substrate phosphorylation, glycogen synthesis, and thymidine incorporation into DNA are mediated by the normal but not by the kinase-deficient human receptor.
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Chou CK, Dull TJ, Russell DS, Gherzi R, Lebwohl D, Ullrich A, Rosen OM. Human insulin receptors mutated at the ATP-binding site lack protein tyrosine kinase activity and fail to mediate postreceptor effects of insulin. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)75716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Sturgeon RE, Berman SS, Desaulniers A, Russell DS. Determination of iron, manganese, and zinc by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Reply to comments. Anal Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1021/ac50061a054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dabeka RW, Russell DS. Polypropylene for the sub-boiling distillation and storage of high-purity acids and water. Addendum. Anal Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1021/ac50007a070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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