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Santalices D, Martínez-García M, Belmar J, Benito D, Briz S, Meléndez J, de Castro AJ. Calibration of a Dust Scattering Instrument Using Tomographic Techniques and Its Application to a Dust Sensor Instrument. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23115036. [PMID: 37299764 DOI: 10.3390/s23115036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of suspended dust near the Martian surface is extremely relevant to understand the climate of Mars. In this frame, a Dust Sensor instrument, an infrared device designed to obtain the effective parameters of Martian dust using the scattering properties of the dust particles, was developed. The purpose of this article is to present a novel methodology to calculate, from experimental data, an instrumental function of the Dust Sensor that allows solving the direct problem and providing the signal that this instrument would provide given a distribution of particles. The experimental method is based on recording the signal measured when a Lambertian reflector is gradually introduced into the interaction volume at different distances from the detector and source and applying tomography techniques (inverse Radon transform) to obtain the image of a section of the interaction volume. This method provides a complete mapping of the interaction volume experimentally, which determines the Wf function. The method was applied to solve a specific case study. Among the advantages of this method, it should be noted that it avoids assumptions and idealizations of the dimensions of the volume of interaction and reduces the time required to carry out simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Santalices
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
- Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mateo Martínez-García
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Jesús Belmar
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Daniel Benito
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Susana Briz
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Juan Meléndez
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Antonio J de Castro
- LIR-Infrared Laboratory, Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
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Mc Leer A, Mondet J, Mercier A, Mersch M, Benito D. 1093P RET rearrangements detection by FISH in lung cancer, literature review and comparison with results from a French centre. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Elzomor A, Tunkel A, Lee E, Jaamour F, Davidson L, Shaver TB, Niermeyer W, Benito D, Cole K, Zapanta P. Intraoperative stretching microbreaks reduce surgery-related musculoskeletal pain in otolaryngologists. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103594. [PMID: 36029617 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the role intraoperative otolaryngology stretching microbreak (OSMB) has on musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and discomfort in otolaryngologists. BACKGROUND Otolaryngology procedures subject surgeons to significant amounts of pain and strain over their years of training. MSK pain is a serious concern for otolaryngologists' career longevity as well as their general wellbeing. METHODS Participants from two different hospitals and one private practice were recruited to participate in this study. An initial ergonomic survey was obtained to assess baseline MSK pain, and its subjective impact on operative performance. The participants then completed three control days without OSMB exercises, followed by three intervention days with OSMB exercises which were completed at 20-40 minute intervals. Preoperative and postoperative pain rating surveys were completed before and after each procedure and at the end of the day to determine changes in pain and/or discomfort. RESULTS Ten otolaryngologists (50 % men, 50 % women; mean age 35.6 years) participated in this study. Half of the participants indicated that they were concerned their pain would limit their ability to operate in the future. 70 % of participants indicated that they have not attempted to treat this pain and 60 % did not try any stretching exercises outside the operating room (OR) to mitigate their symptoms. Participants reported neck, upper back, and lower back to be the primary MSK discomfort. OSMB improved participants' pain scores in neck, shoulders, hands, and lower back pain (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION MSK pain has shown to be a serious concern for the ability of otolaryngologists to continue performing surgery in the future. OSMB may be an effective strategy that can be implemented by otolaryngologists intraoperatively to improve MSK pain and overall well being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Elzomor
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Alexandra Tunkel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Esther Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Farris Jaamour
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lauren Davidson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Timothy Brandon Shaver
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Weston Niermeyer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel Benito
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Keith Cole
- Department of Health, Human Function and Rehabilitation Sciences, The George Washington University School of Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Philip Zapanta
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA; Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Sovah Health, Danville, VA, USA
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Terhaar SJ, McDaniel L, Badger C, Lee E, Benito D, Barak S, Thakkar PG, Goodman JF, Joshi AS. Comparing postoperative outcomes using electrocautery versus cold-knife de-epithelialization of dermal fat graft in parotidectomy reconstruction. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103336. [PMID: 34954586 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of a simple rapid technique for de-epithelializing cutaneous flaps and grafts in parotidectomy reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS 109 patients who underwent a parotidectomy with abdominal free dermal fat graft (FDFG) reconstruction between 2018 and 2021 were evaluated based on demographic factors, past medical/surgical history, type of parotidectomy performed, operative factors, and post-operative complications. These data were then stratified based on de-epithelialization technique as well as tumor malignancy status to determine any differences in complication rates or perioperative factors between electrocautery (EC) and cold knife (CK) techniques within both benign and malignant subgroups. RESULTS 77 of the 109 participants underwent FDFG de-epithelialization using monopolar electrocautery (EC) and the remaining 32 participants underwent de-epithelialization using traditional cold knife (CK) technique. There was no statistical difference among the two groups in overall complication rate. The EC group had a significantly shorter operation time ("EC vs. CK": 144.2 min vs. 174.7 min; p = 0.031). Additionally, histopathologic samples showed that both techniques left the underlying dermis intact and without damage. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that there is no difference in complication rate or histology of FDFGs de-epithelialized using EC compared to CK. It was also shown that when controlling for confounders by looking solely at the benign subgroup of patients, EC de-epithelialization was a faster technique than CK. These findings suggest that EC is just as effective as CK, and may actually be a more efficient surgical technique to accomplish de-epithelialization of FDFG.
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Nogues JC, Cox R, Mulcahy C, Benito D, Goodman J. Incidentally discovered severe hypercalcaemia from a functioning parathyroid cyst: the limitations of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/5/e239119. [PMID: 34035013 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid cysts (PCs) are rare pathologies and are typically non-functional (do not secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)). The aetiology of PCs is highly debated, and management is complex. We present a unique case of a parathyroid adenoma contained within a functional PC and highlight the limitations of intraoperative PTH monitoring during the surgical resection of functional PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Nogues
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA .,The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Robert Cox
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Collin Mulcahy
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Daniel Benito
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Joseph Goodman
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Gómez P, Aspiroz C, Hadjirin NF, Benito D, Zarazaga M, Torres C, Holmes MA. Simultaneous Nasal Carriage by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus of Lineage ST398 in a Live Pig Transporter. Pathogens 2020; 9:E401. [PMID: 32455801 PMCID: PMC7281718 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type (ST)398 is a livestock associated (LA) lineage with zoonotic potential, especially in humans with live pig contact. The objective of this study was to characterize two S. aureus strains of lineage ST398 (one methicillin-resistant (MRSA), one methicillin-susceptible (MSSA)) isolated from the same nasal sample of a patient admitted in the Intensive-Care Unit of a Spanish Hospital, and with previous occupational exposure to live pigs, by whole-genome-sequencing (WGS). The sample was obtained during routine surveillance for MRSA colonization. Purified genomic DNA was sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2000 and processed using conventional bioinformatics software. The two isolates recovered were both S. aureus t011/ST398 and showed similar resistance-phenotypes, other than methicillin susceptibility. The possession of antibiotic resistance genes was the same, except for the mecA-gene located in SCCmecV in the MRSA isolate. The MSSA isolate harbored remnants of a SCCmec following the deletion of 17342bp from a recombination between two putative primases. Both isolates belonged to the livestock-associated clade as defined by three canonical single-nucleotide-polymorphisms, and neither possessed the human immune evasion cluster genes, chp, scn, or sak. The core genome alignment showed a similarity of 99.6%, and both isolates harbored the same mobile genetic elements. The two nasal ST398 isolates recovered from the patient with previous occupational exposure to pigs appeared to have a livestock origin and could represent different evolutionary steps of animal-human interface lineage. The MSSA strain was formed as a result of the loss of the mecA gene from the livestock-associated-MRSA lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gómez
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (P.G.); (D.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Carmen Aspiroz
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Royo Villanova, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Nazreen F. Hadjirin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK; (N.F.H.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Daniel Benito
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (P.G.); (D.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Myriam Zarazaga
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (P.G.); (D.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (P.G.); (D.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mark A. Holmes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK; (N.F.H.); (M.A.H.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa P Salehi
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Daniel Benito
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Elias Michaelides
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Abstract
The prevalence of otolaryngologic complaints in general practice is disproportionate to the extent of otolaryngology teaching in undergraduate medical education. This is the first multi-institutional validated study used to assess basic otolaryngology knowledge among medical students in order to understand their abilities to recognize and manage these cases. A 9-question, psychometrically validated, multiple-choice quiz was distributed in June 2017 to medical students of 9 US allopathic institutions as an assessment of basic otolaryngology knowledge. A total of 547 medical student responses were used to assess basic otolaryngology knowledge, comfort levels, amount of exposure to otolaryngology, and number of times the head and neck physical examination was taught formally. Comfort in managing otolaryngologic conditions correlated positively with knowledge ( P < .001, R2 = 0.266), in addition to otolaryngology exposure correlating positively with knowledge ( P < .001, R2 = 0.284). Students intending to enter otolaryngology had higher scores ( P = .002), higher comfort levels in managing otolaryngologic cases ( P < .001), and higher comfort levels performing the head and neck examination (χ2 = 21.324, P < .001), compared with students intending to enter primary care or another surgical specialty. Clinical students in third and fourth years entering any surgical specialty (including otolaryngology), more often than students entering primary care ( P = .007), recognized the obturator as the instrument used to guide the insertion of the tracheotomy tube. Additionally, the number of times the head and neck examination was taught correlated positively with comfort in performing the examination ( rs = 0.095, P = .022). Our findings support the need for increased otolaryngologic education and training among all medical students, not only those entering otolaryngology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Pasick
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Benito
- 2 Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Philip Zapanta
- 2 Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert T Sataloff
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Benito D, Aspiroz C, Gilaberte Y, Sanmartín R, Hernández-Martin Á, Alonso M, Gómez P, Lozano C, Torres C. Genetic lineages and antimicrobial resistance genotypes in Staphylococcus aureus from children with atopic dermatitis: detection of clonal complexes CC1, CC97 and CC398. J Chemother 2016; 28:359-66. [PMID: 26027683 DOI: 10.1179/1973947815y.0000000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to analyse the genetic lineages of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from nasal and skin samples of atopic dermatitis (AD) paediatric patients, and to characterize the antimicrobial resistance phenotype-genotype and the immune-evasion-cluster (IEC) type of isolates. Forty S. aureus isolates from 35 patients (skin: 26; nasal samples: 14) were characterized. Isolates were submitted to spa-, agr- and multilocus sequence typing. All S. aureus strains analyzed were methicillin-susceptible (MSSA). High genetic diversity was detected among the 40 MSSA isolates (especially among skin isolates), with detection of 27 different spa-types, 20 sequence-types and 16 clonal complexes (CCs). Lineages CC30 and CC5 were predominant among nasal isolates (71% vs 23% skin). Thirteen different CCs were detected among skin isolates, with detection of clades CC1, CC9 and CC398. Antimicrobial resistance rates detected were higher in skin than in nasal isolates, especially for macrolides, aminoglycosides, lincosamides and mupirocin. MSSA strains were characterized into five IEC-types, being A, B and F the predominant ones. MSSA strains of lineages CC45 and CC5 were detected in almost all cases in AD patients with severe Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and lineages CC8, and CC30 in those with mild or moderate one. As conclusion, high-clonal-diversity was detected among MSSA from AD patients, especially in skin-isolates. Colonization with S. aureus of some CCs seems more associated with AD severity than other lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benito
- a Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of La Rioja , Logroño , Spain
| | - Carmen Aspiroz
- b Department of Microbiology , Hospital Royo Villanova , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- c Department of Dermatology , Hospital San Jorge, Huesca , Spain.,d Aragon Health Sciences Institute , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Rosalía Sanmartín
- c Department of Dermatology , Hospital San Jorge, Huesca , Spain.,d Aragon Health Sciences Institute , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Ángela Hernández-Martin
- e Department of Dermatology , Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús , Madrid , Spain
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- f Department of Microbiology , Hospital Infantil del Niño Jesús , Madrid , Spain
| | - Paula Gómez
- a Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of La Rioja , Logroño , Spain
| | - Carmen Lozano
- a Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of La Rioja , Logroño , Spain
| | - Carmen Torres
- a Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of La Rioja , Logroño , Spain
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Gómez P, Lozano C, Benito D, Estepa V, Tenorio C, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Characterization of staphylococci in urban wastewater treatment plants in Spain, with detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398. Environ Pollut 2016; 212:71-76. [PMID: 26840519 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus in urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTP) of La Rioja (Spain), and to characterize de obtained isolates. 16 wastewater samples (8 influent, 8 effluent) of six UWTPs were seeded on mannitol-salt-agar and oxacillin-resistance-screening-agar-base for staphylococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus recovery. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined for 16 antibiotics and the presence of 35 antimicrobial resistance genes and 14 virulence genes by PCR. S. aureus was typed by spa, agr, and multilocus-sequence-typing, and the presence of immune-evasion-genes cluster was analyzed. Staphylococcus spp. were detected in 13 of 16 tested wastewater samples (81%), although the number of CFU/mL decreased after treatment. 40 staphylococci were recovered (1-5/sample), and 8 of them were identified as S. aureus being typed as (number of strains): spa-t011/agr-II/ST398 (1), spa-t002/agr-II/ST5 (2), spa-t3262/agr-II/ST5 (1), spa-t605/agr-II/ST126 (3), and spa-t878/agr-III/ST2849 (1). S. aureus ST398 strain was methicillin-resistant and showed a multidrug resistance phenotype. Virulence genes tst, etd, sea, sec, seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, and seu, were detected among S. aureus and only ST5 strains showed genes of immune evasion cluster. Thirty-two coagulase-negative Staphylococcus of 12 different species were recovered (number of strains): Staphylococcus equorum (7), Staphylococcus vitulinus (4), Staphylococcus lentus (4), Staphylococcus sciuri (4), Staphylococcus fleurettii (2), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (2), Staphylococcus hominis (2), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2), Staphylococcus succinus (2), Staphylococcus capitis (1), Staphylococcus cohnii (1), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1). Five presented a multidrug resistance phenotype. The following resistance and virulence genes were found: mecA, lnu(A), vga(A), tet(K), erm(C), msr(A)/(B), mph(C), tst, and sem. We found that Staphylococcus spp. are normal contaminants of urban wastewater, including different lineages of S. aureus and a high diversity of coagulase-negative species. The presence of multiple resistance and virulence genes, including mecA, in staphylococci of wastewater can be a concern for the public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gómez
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Lozano
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Daniel Benito
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Vanesa Estepa
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Tenorio
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Myriam Zarazaga
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Torres
- Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.
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Fortún J, Martín-Dávila P, Gomez Garcia de la Pedrosa E, Silva JT, Garcia-Rodríguez J, Benito D, Venanzi E, Castaño F, Fernández-Ruiz M, Lazaro F, García-Luján R, Quiles I, Cabanillas JJ, Moreno S, Aguado JM. Galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in non-hematological patients. J Infect 2016; 72:738-744. [PMID: 27025205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of galactomannan (GM) in serum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) has been extensively evaluated in hematological patients, however its performance in non-hematological patients is not well established. METHODS We performed a multicenter retrospective study in 3 university hospitals in Madrid, Spain between 2010 and 2014. The study population comprised patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and patients with immunosuppressive conditions in whom IPA was suspected and for whom BALF GM was available. Patients with hematological disorders were excluded. RESULTS A total of 188 patients (35 with COPD and 153 with immunosuppressive conditions) were analyzed, and 31 cases of IPA (proven or probable) were identified. The global sensitivity of BALF GM (optical density index [ODI] ≥ 1.0) was 77.4%; sensitivity was higher in patients with immunosuppressive conditions than in patients with COPD (81.8% vs 66.7%; p: 0.38). In COPD patients, the best performance was obtained for BALF GM (ODI ≥ 0.5), although sensitivity (88.9%) was similar to that of BALF fungal culture (88.9%). The sensitivity of GM in serum was very poor in both populations (36.4% and 11.6%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In the present series, the diagnostic performance of BALF GM was good for IPA in non-hematological patients, especially in patients with immunosuppressive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fortún
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
| | - P Martín-Dávila
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gomez Garcia de la Pedrosa
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - J T Silva
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre", Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Garcia-Rodríguez
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Benito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Venanzi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Castaño
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Fernández-Ruiz
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre", Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Lazaro
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - R García-Luján
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre", Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Quiles
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Cabanillas
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre", Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Sousa M, Silva N, Igrejas G, Sargo R, Benito D, Gómez P, Lozano C, Manageiro V, Torres C, Caniça M, Poeta P. Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance Among Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Recovered from Birds of Prey in Portugal. Microb Drug Resist 2016; 22:727-730. [PMID: 26990729 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2015.0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild animal populations in contact with antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistant bacteria that are daily released into the environment are able to become unintentional hosts of these resistant microorganisms. To clarify this issue, our study evaluated the presence of antibiotic resistance determinants on coagulase-negative staphylococci recovered from birds of prey and studied their genetic relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The unusual vga(A) and erm(T) genes, which confer resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin, respectively, were detected in Staphylococcus sciuri or Staphylococcus xylosus strains and the tet(K) gene in Staphylococcus kloosii. The PFGE patterns showed that three S. xylosus (isolated of Strix aluco and Otus scops) and two S. sciuri (recovered from Strix aluco and Milvus migrans) were clonally indistinguishable. These animals could be a source of unusual antimicrobial resistance determinants for highly used antibiotics in veterinary clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Sousa
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) , Vila Real, Portugal .,2 Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal .,3 Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal .,4 Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, University of La Rioja (UR) , Logroño, Spain .,5 National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AR-HAI), National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (NIH) , Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Silva
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) , Vila Real, Portugal .,2 Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal .,6 Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Scotland, UK
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- 3 Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal .,7 Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal .,8 UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University NOVA of Lisbon , Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Roberto Sargo
- 9 Wild Birds' Recovering Center (CRAS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel Benito
- 4 Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, University of La Rioja (UR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Paula Gómez
- 4 Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, University of La Rioja (UR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Lozano
- 4 Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, University of La Rioja (UR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Vera Manageiro
- 5 National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AR-HAI), National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (NIH) , Lisboa, Portugal .,10 Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA), University of Oporto , Oporto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Torres
- 4 Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, University of La Rioja (UR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Manuela Caniça
- 5 National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AR-HAI), National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (NIH) , Lisboa, Portugal .,10 Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA), University of Oporto , Oporto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) , Vila Real, Portugal .,8 UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University NOVA of Lisbon , Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
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Gilaberte Y, Sanmartín R, Aspiroz C, Hernandez-Martin A, Benito D, Sanz-Puertolas P, Alonso M, Torrelo A, Torres C. Correlation Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Virulence Genes of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Colonizing Children with Atopic Dermatitis. Pediatr Dermatol 2015; 32:506-13. [PMID: 25491017 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The skin of children with atopic dermatitis (AD) is colonized with Staphylococcus aureus more frequently than that of their peers. We investigated the prevalence of skin and nares colonization by S. aureus in children with AD, the virulence genes of the isolates, and their association with allergy, AD severity, and serum vitamin D (25(OH)D). This was an observational, cross-sectional study in a sample of children diagnosed with AD in two settings in Spain. The samples were collected in 2012. Swabs from affected skin and nares were taken for microbiologic culture. The prevalence of S. aureus and presence of 17 staphylococcal virulence genes were studied using polymerase chain reaction. A total of 114 patients with a mean age of 5.7 ± 4.1 (range 3 mos to 14 yrs) were included in the study. Swabs were taken from the skin of 113 individuals with AD and from the nares of 85; 28.3% had S. aureus on the skin, which was significantly associated with positive allergen-specific immunoglobulin E antibodies and higher Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores in the multivariate analysis. The presence of virulence factors tsst-1, eta, cna, aur, and sec in cutaneous S. aureus isolates was associated with lower serum levels of 25(OH)D. S. aureus on nasal swabs correlated with its presence on the skin and was associated with lower 25(OH)D levels. In conclusion, S. aureus colonization is associated with allergy and severity in AD, whereas certain virulence genes are associated with lower serum 25(OH)D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital San Jorge, Huesca, Spain.,Aragon Health Sciences Institute, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Aspiroz
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Benito
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Alonso
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Infantil del Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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Benito D, Lozano C, Jiménez E, Albújar M, Gómez A, Rodríguez JM, Torres C. Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from faeces of healthy neonates and potential mother-to-infant microbial transmission through breastfeeding. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 91:fiv007. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Benito D, Lozano C, Rezusta A, Ferrer I, Vasquez MA, Ceballos S, Zarazaga M, Revillo MJ, Torres C. Characterization of tetracycline and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in a Spanish hospital: Is livestock-contact a risk factor in infections caused by MRSA CC398? Int J Med Microbiol 2014; 304:1226-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Graham R, Benito D, Soni N, Uddin R, Zhang B, Walters W, Bregy A, Komotar R. SC-09 * TARGETING GLIOBLASTOMA STEM CELLS VIA INHIBITION OF PI3K/AKT PATHWAY ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH AUTOPHAGY BLOCKADE. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou275.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gómez P, González-Barrio D, Benito D, García JT, Viñuela J, Zarazaga M, Ruiz-Fons F, Torres C. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carrying the mecC gene in wild small mammals in Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:2061-4. [PMID: 24710026 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the rate of Staphylococcus aureus faecal carriage in 101 wild small mammals in Spain and to characterize the isolates obtained. METHODS Faecal samples were seeded on mannitol salt agar and ORSAB plates. The presence of the resistance genes mecA, mecC and blaZ and the new blaZ allotype associated with staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) XI (blaZ-SCCmecXI) was studied by PCR. S. aureus isolates were characterized by spa typing, agr typing and multilocus sequence typing. The presence of immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes and virulence genes was analysed by PCR. RESULTS S. aureus was detected in 13/101 studied faecal samples and one isolate per positive sample was further studied. Two S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (recovered from wood mice, Apodemus sylvaticus) and 11 were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). Both MRSA isolates harboured the mecC gene and the novel blaZ-SCCmecXI, were typed as spa-t1535/agrIII/ST1945(CC130)/SCCmecXI (where ST stands for sequence type and CC stands for clonal complex), carried the exfoliative toxin etd2 gene and were IEC type E. Eight different spa types were identified among the 11 MSSA isolates (five new) and six different sequence types were identified (two new). All MSSA strains were susceptible to the antibiotics tested except one blaZ-positive penicillin-resistant isolate (spa-t120/agrII/ST15). MSSA isolates were ascribed to the CCs (number of strains) CC5 (1), CC1956 (4) and singleton (6). Nine of 11 MSSA isolates carried the cna virulence gene. Only one MSSA isolate carried IEC genes (type C). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of MRSA carrying mecC in faecal samples of wild small mammals in Spain. These resistant isolates carried genes of the IEC system, unusual in S. aureus from animals. Wild small mammals could be a reservoir of the mecC gene with important implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gómez
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Benito
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús T García
- Ecology group, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Viñuela
- Ecology group, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Myriam Zarazaga
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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Sousa M, Silva N, Igrejas G, Silva F, Sargo R, Alegria N, Benito D, Gómez P, Lozano C, Gómez-Sanz E, Torres C, Caniça M, Poeta P. Antimicrobial resistance determinants in Staphylococcus spp. recovered from birds of prey in Portugal. Vet Microbiol 2014; 171:436-40. [PMID: 24679961 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance among wild animals represent an emerging public health concern. The objective of this study was to analyze the staphylococcal nasal microbiota in birds of prey and their content in antimicrobial resistance determinants. Nasal samples from 16 birds of prey were collected, swabs were dipped and incubated into BHI broth [6.5% NaCl] and later seeded on manitol salt agar and oxacillin-resistance screening agar base media. Staphylococcal colonies were isolated from both media and were identified by biochemical and molecular methods. Susceptibility testing to 18 antimicrobial agents was performed by disk-diffusion method. Six of the 16 tested animals carried staphylococci (37.5%) and 7 isolates of the following species were recovered: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus sciuri rodentium, Staphylococcus cohnii urealitycum, and Staphylococcus gallinarum. The S. aureus isolate was penicillin-resistant (with blaZ gene) but methicillin-susceptible and was ascribed to spa-type t012, sequence-type ST30 and agr-type III. The S. epidermidis isolate carried blaZ, mecA, mrs(A/B), mphC, tet(K), drfA, and fusC genes, ica operon, and was typed as ST35. The genes ant6'-Ia, tet(K), tet(L), dfrG, cat221, cat194, and cat223 were detected in S. saprophyticus or S. gallinarum isolates. Birds of prey seem to be a natural reservoir of S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci resistant to multiple antibiotics. Due to the convergence between habitats, the contact between wildlife, other animals and humans is now more common and this involves an increased possibility of interchange of these microorganisms in the different ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Sousa
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB-CGB), UTAD, Portugal; Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain; National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Silva
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB-CGB), UTAD, Portugal
| | - Filipe Silva
- Wild birds' Recovering Center (CRAS), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Roberto Sargo
- Wild birds' Recovering Center (CRAS), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Nuno Alegria
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel Benito
- Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Paula Gómez
- Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Lozano
- Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez-Sanz
- Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Torres
- Department of Food and Agriculture (FCEAI), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
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Benito D, Gómez P, Lozano C, Estepa V, Gómez-Sanz E, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Genetic lineages, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus of meat samples in Spain: analysis of immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2014; 11:354-6. [PMID: 24479575 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the rate of contamination by Staphylococcus aureus in 100 meat samples obtained during 2011-2012 in La Rioja (Northern Spain), to analyze their content in antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, as well as in immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes, and to type recovered isolates. Seven of 100 samples (7%) contained S. aureus: 6 samples harbored methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and 1 pork sample harbored methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The MRSA isolate corresponded to the ST398 genetic lineage with a multidrug resistance profile and the absence of human IEC genes, which pointed to a typical livestock-associated MRSA profile. MRSA isolate was ascribed to the spa-type t011, agr-type I, and SCCmec-V and showed resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and streptomycin, in addition to β-lactams. The remaining six MSSA strains belonged to different sequence types and clonal complexes (three isolates ST45/CC45, one ST617/CC45, one ST5/CC5, and one ST109/CC9), being susceptible to most antibiotics tested but showing a wide virulence gene profile. Five of the six MSSA strains (except ST617/CC45) contained the enterotoxin egc-cluster or egc-like-cluster genes, and strain ST109/CC9 contained eta gene (encoding exfoliatin A). The presence of human IEC genes in MSSA strains (types B and D) points to a possible contamination of meat samples from an undefined human source. The presence of S. aureus with enterotoxin genes and MRSA in food samples might have implications in public health. The IEC system could be a good marker to follow the S. aureus contamination source in meat food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benito
- Área Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja , Logroño, Spain
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Silva N, Guimarães F, Manzi M, Budri P, Gómez-Sanz E, Benito D, Langoni H, Rall V, Torres C. Molecular characterization and clonal diversity of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in milk of cows with mastitis in Brazil. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:6856-6862. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Benito D, Lozano C, Gómez-Sanz E, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Detection of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ST398 and ST133 strains in gut microbiota of healthy humans in Spain. Microb Ecol 2013; 66:105-111. [PMID: 23653046 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fecal samples of 100 healthy humans were tested for Staphylococcus aureus recovery. Fifteen samples (15 %) contained S. aureus, all methicillin-susceptible (MSSA), being one isolate/sample further studied. These 15 isolates were characterized by spa and agr typing as well as multi-locus sequence typing. High diversity of spa types (n = 11) and sequences types (n = 8) was detected. Two S. aureus of lineages ST398 or ST133 were detected, and six isolates were ascribed to clonal complex 30 (CC30). Strains were susceptible to most of the 17 antimicrobial agents tested with exceptions: erythromycin/clindamycin (three strains, containing erm(C) and/or erm(A) + mph(C) genes) and tobramycin and mupirocin (one strain containing ant(4')-Ia + mup(A) genes). The presence of 18 staphylococcal enterotoxin genes was studied by PCR, and isolates were negative for lukF/lukS-PV genes, although strain ST133 harbored the lukD-lukE + lukM genes. Other virulence genes detected were (number of strains): tsst-1 (6), hla (15), hlb (9), hld (15), hlg (6), hlgv (9), cna (2), aur (14), and egc-like cluster (3). Analysis of immune evasion cluster genes showed six types, highlighting their absence in two strains of lineages ST133 and ST5. A high clonal diversity of MSSA strains was identified in the intestinal microbiota of healthy humans, being CC30 the most frequent one. This is the first report of MSSA ST133 and ST398 isolates in gut microbiota of healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benito
- Área Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
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Miller PC, Shah S, Lairet S, Steinberg A, Heyn A, Benito D, El-Ashry D. Abstract 5325: Co-culture induced EMT in breast tumor cells is mediated through MAPK signaling and microRNA regulation. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-5325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding how components of the microenvironment cooperate with tumor cells to facilitate tumor progression, metastasis, and clinical outcome is an important aspect of breast tumor biology that remains incompletely understood. We have previously identified a microRNA (miRNA) signature indicative of hyperactive MAPK signaling (hMAPK) in primary human breast tumors. This hMAPK-miRNA signature is significantly associated with poor clinical outcome and increased tumor aggressiveness. As the hMAPK-miRNA signature as well as associations with gene and protein expression were generated from primary tumor specimens comprised not only of tumor cells but also stromal cells, here we undertook to further elucidate unique contributions of stromal cells and tumor cells to this hMAPK-miRNA signature, and to investigate whether these miRNAs facilitate EMT and subsequent invasion and aggressiveness in the tumor cell population.
Informatic analysis reveals that this hMAPK-miRNA signature contains several miRNAs which are known and predicted to regulate modulators of EMT. mRNA expression analysis as well as analysis of RPPA protein expression data from primary tumors bearing this hMAPK-miRNA signature reveals increased expression of EMT markers at the protein level. These data suggest that activation of MAPK signaling may contribute to breast tumor cell EMT in part through miRNA-mediated regulation of EMT-related genes.
To examine the contributions of tumor cells and stromal cells to the hMAPK miRNA signature and associated EMT gene and protein expression, we utilized a panel of primary cultures from ER-negative breast tumors (DTs) and CAFs derived from dissociated tumors (CAF-DTs). miRNA expression analysis of DTs and CAF-DTs indicates that members of this hMAPK-miRNA signature are differentially expressed between CAFS and tumor cells, suggesting that different cell types within a solid tumor provide unique contributions to overall miRNA expression. Co-culture of DTs with CAFs resulted in increased MAPK activity in the DTs. Co-culture with CAFs also modulates expression of this hMAPK-miRNA signature in both CAF and tumor cell populations and subsequently alters expression of EMT markers in the tumor cell population.
This work suggests that interactions between tumor cells and other components of the tumor microenvironment contribute to tumor aggressiveness by activating MAPK signaling which establishes a pro-EMT phenotype that is driven in part by miRNA-mediated regulatory events.
Citation Format: Philip C. Miller, Sanket Shah, Stephania Lairet, Alana Steinberg, Alexandra Heyn, Daniel Benito, Dorraya El-Ashry. Co-culture induced EMT in breast tumor cells is mediated through MAPK signaling and microRNA regulation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5325. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5325
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Lozano C, Gómez-Sanz E, Benito D, Aspiroz C, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage, virulence traits, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and genetic lineages in healthy humans in Spain, with detection of CC398 and CC97 strains. Int J Med Microbiol 2011; 301:500-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Batalla AS, Benito D, Baumard S, Brodard V, Servettaz A, Jaussaud R, Strady C. [Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus primary infections: a comparative study in 52 immunocompetent adults]. Med Mal Infect 2010; 41:14-9. [PMID: 20832213 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2010.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare epidemiological, clinical, and biological data of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) primary infections in immunocompetent adults, admitted in the infectious disease department of the Reims Teaching Hospital between 2000 and 2005. PATIENTS AND METHODS Inclusion criteria were the presence of anti-VCA IgM antibodies or the presence of CMV specific IgM antibodies and the absence of any other positive serology. Differences in reported percentage were compared with a Khi(2) test or Fischer's exact test, when appropriate. Continuous variables were compared with the Mann-Whitney Test. RESULTS There were no significant changes over the years in the numbers of EBV (n=32) and CMV (n=20) primary infections. The patient's mean age was 22.7 years (14-48 years) in EBV primary infections and 38.6 years (13-66 years) in CMV primary infections (P<0.01). The clinical variables significantly associated with primary EBV infection were sore throat and cervical lymphadenopathy (P<0.01). Arthromyalgia and respiratory manifestations were less frequent in EBV primary infection (P<0.01). The biological variables significantly associated with EBV primary infection were a marked alanine aminotransferase elevation and a marked lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes (P<0.001). Thrombopenia was less frequently associated with EBV primary infection (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Clinical and biological presentations of EBV and CMV primary infections were similar. The simultaneous serologic diagnosis of these two infections remains necessary to provide a specific diagnosis, for the most efficient patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-S Batalla
- Service de médecine interne et des maladies infectieuses, hôpital Robert-Debré, avenue du Général-Koenig, Reims cedex, France
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Batista J, Padrón J, Isidoro-García M, Sanz C, García V, Benito D, Hernández L, Dávila I, Lorente F. Associacion Of 308G>A And -238G>A TNF-α Polymorphisms With Asthma In A Spanish Population. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Benito D, Gabrielli C, Garcı́a-Jareño J, Keddam M, Perrot H, Vicente F. An electrochemical impedance and ac-electrogravimetry study of PNR films in aqueous salt media. Electrochem commun 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2481(02)00387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
We introduce a novel concept in Brillouin signal processing based on modification of the optical carrier's magnitude and phase by stimulated Brillouin scattering-induced depletion. The technique offers wideband processing and low noise and requires only low optical power. Application to the enhancement of a 25-km high-frequency analog link is experimentally demonstrated and yields a 6.5-GHz bandwidth extension and a 13-dB reduction in the link insertion loss without intermodulation distortion.
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28
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Laso M, Lopetegi T, Erro M, Benito D, Garde M, Sorolla M. Multiple-frequency-tuned photonic bandgap microstrip structures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1109/75.852421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Abstract
We demonstrate a new concept in optical carrier control that uses a simple arrangement based on a hybrid Brillouin-erbium fiber laser. The system offers precise tunable control of the optical carrier amplitude independently of the characteristics of the transmitter or the optical modulation format. As much as 55 dB of carrier attenuation is demonstrated, which to our knowledge is the highest reported attenuation for a carrier-suppression system.
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30
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Sanmatı́as A, Benito D, Bastos J, Navarro-Laboulais J, Garcı́a-Jareño J, Vicente F. Electrochemical behaviour of Nafion®+cupromeronic phthalocyanine films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1466-6049(99)00053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Abad S, López-Amo M, López-Higuera JM, Benito D, Unanua A, Achaerandio E. Single and double distributed optical amplifier fiber bus networks with wavelength-division multiplexing for photonic sensors. Opt Lett 1999; 24:805-807. [PMID: 18073860 DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two different optical fiber bus networks are compared and demonstrated experimentally as means of gathering information from four wavelength-division-multiplexed photonic sensors. Both topologies include distributed amplification, which allows one to overcome the limitation in the maximum number of sensors that can be multiplexed in a single structure. Results obtained with a dual-bus topology are compared with those achieved with a single-bus network.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abad
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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32
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Felip E, Massuti B, Camps C, Benito D, Isla D, González-Larriba JL, López-Cabrerizo MP, Salamanca O, Puerto-Pica J, Moyano A, Baselga J, Rosell R. Superiority of sequential versus concurrent administration of paclitaxel with etoposide in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: comparison of two Phase II trials. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4:2723-8. [PMID: 9829735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel and etoposide are two chemotherapy agents with broad cytotoxic activity and different mechanisms of action and resistance. Preclinical studies of their combined cytotoxicity have yielded conflicting results. We performed two sequential Phase II trials using different sequence schedules of paclitaxel and etoposide as first-line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Forty-four patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were included between July 1995 and September 1996. All patients received etoposide at 100 mg/m2, given as an i.v. infusion on days 1, 2, and 3. The first 20 patients (part A) also received paclitaxel at 175 mg/m2 as a 3-h infusion on day 1, immediately prior to etoposide. The subsequent 24 patients (part B) were given the same paclitaxel dose, but on day 4. Grade 3-4 granulocytopenia was seen in 70% of the patients in part A and in 37% of those in part B (P = 0.04). Twenty-five % of the courses in part A and 4% of the courses in part B were associated with granulocyte nadir < or =500/microl (P = 0.00006). No responses were observed in part A, although disease was stabilized in 14 patients (70%). In part B, there were two complete responses and seven partial responses, for an overall response rate of 37.5% (95% confidence interval, 21-58%). In conclusion, toxicity and antitumor activity of the paclitaxel/etoposide combination may be sequence dependent. Our findings suggest that etoposide followed by paclitaxel is well tolerated and has greater activity in NSCLC than concurrent administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Felip
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Navarro-Laboulais J, Trijueque J, García-Jareño J, Benito D, Vicente F. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of conductor—insulator composite electrodes: Properties in the blocking and diffusive regimes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(97)00545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Navarro-Laboulais J, Trijueque J, Garcı́a-Jareño J, Benito D, Vicente F. Determination of the electroactive area of graphite+polyethylene composite electrodes. Uncompensated resistance effects and convolution analysis of chronoamperograms. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(97)00493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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35
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García-Jareño J, Sanmatías A, Navarro-Laboulais J, Benito D, Vicente F. Temperature dependence of impedance spectra of Prussian Blue films deposited on ITO electrodes. Electrochim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(97)00089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Cervantes A, Mendiola C, del Campo JM, Massuti B, Casado A, Escobedo A, Moyano A, Ojeda B, Poveda A, Benito D. Dose-escalated paclitaxel in 1-hour infusion with a fixed dose of cisplatin in previously untreated advanced ovarian cancer: a phase II trial of the Spanish Group for Ovarian Cancer. Semin Oncol 1997; 24:S15-40-S15-43. [PMID: 9346221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This phase II trial was planned to study the efficacy and toxicity of a fixed dose of cisplatin plus paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) given over 1 hour with intrapatient dose escalation. Patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (stages IIB-IV); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status < or = 2; normal renal, liver, and bone marrow function; and evaluable residual disease after debulking surgery were accrued. Paclitaxel was given over 1-hour infusion and dose was escalated from 175 to 200 and 225 mg/m2 if nadir neutrophil counts were > or = 1000/microL, platelets were > or = 100,000/microL, and neurotoxicity was less than grade 2. Cisplatin was given after paclitaxel at a fixed dose of 80 mg/m2. Six courses at 3-week intervals were planned. From May 1995 to August 1996, 68 patients were entered. Paclitaxel could not be escalated in six patients, another six received up to 200 mg/m2, and 45 received 225 mg/m2. Three hundred seventy-five courses were given: 27.7% at 175 mg/m2, 19.2% at 200 mg/m2, and 53.1% at 225 mg/m2. All patients were evaluable for toxicity, and 67 were evaluable for response. Thirty-five patients had a complete clinical response (51.4%), 20 had a partial response (29.4%), six had stable disease (8.9%), and six progressed on therapy (8.9%). Overall response rate was 80.8 (95% confidence interval, 71.3% to 90.1%). Second-look laparotomy was performed in 32 patients, and 20 of them (62.5%) had a pathologic complete remission. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was seen in 26 patients (38%), but only one had fever. Severe thrombocytopenia was not seen. Peripheral neurotoxicity (grade 1, 39.7%; grade 2, 42.6%; and grade 3, 8.8%) was dose-limiting. It is too early to report on time to progression and survival, and these data are not yet available. This combination of cisplatin with escalating doses of paclitaxel is feasible and very active, but the high incidence of peripheral neurotoxicity may limit its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cervantes
- Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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37
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Martin M, Lluch A, Ojeda B, Barnabas A, Colomer R, Massuti B, Benito D. Paclitaxel plus doxorubicin in metastatic breast cancer: preliminary analysis of cardiotoxicity. Semin Oncol 1997; 24:S17-26-S17-30. [PMID: 9374088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This ongoing phase II trial was designed to determine the antitumor activity and cardiotoxicity of a combination of doxorubicin (50 mg/m2) and paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) (175 to 225 mg/m2 over 3 hours) as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. Of 76 patients entered so far, 57 who had received at least three courses of chemotherapy are assessable for efficacy and cardiac toxicity. A slight majority (57%) of the patients entered had prior adjuvant chemotherapy, including 33% with anthracycline-containing combinations. An objective response was achieved by 70% of patients, with 18% complete responders. The main noncardiac toxicities were alopecia, neutropenia, mucositis, and peripheral neuropathy. Overall, after a median cumulative doxorubicin dose of 350 mg/m2, the evolution of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values did not significantly decrease from baseline to the sixth course of therapy. However, LVEF values decreased significantly in eight patients (14%). The LVEF decreased by more than 14% over basal values in three patients, although the final determination was still above the lower limits of normal. The remaining five patients had LVEF decreases that fell below the lower limits of normal (33% to 48%). None of the patients developed clinically evident heart failure. Our results indicate that the combination of doxorubicin (50 mg/m2) plus paclitaxel (175 to 225 mg/m2) is effective and does not induce a clinically relevant cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martin
- Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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38
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Rosell R, Felip E, Massuti B, González-Larriba JL, Benito D, López-Cabrerizo MP, Salamanca O, Camps C, Puerto-Pica J. A sequence-dependent paclitaxel/etoposide phase II trial in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Semin Oncol 1997; 24:S12-56-S12-60. [PMID: 9331123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies conducted by the Spanish Lung Cancer Group indicate that cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy can yield a 25% response rate, 9-month median survival time, and 30% 1-year survival rate in patients with stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer. Phase II trials of single-agent paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) have an almost 30% response rate in non-small cell lung cancer. Based on these results, we decided to examine whether the sequence-dependent effects of paclitaxel/etoposide influence treatment outcome (antitumor response) and toxicity. In vitro data show a paradoxical antagonist rather than additive effect. In the first part of our study (part A), paclitaxel and etoposide were administered at the same time. In the second part (part B), etoposide preceded paclitaxel. In both parts, patients with previously untreated stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer with good performance status were eligible. In part A, etoposide (fixed dose, 100 mg/m2) on days 1, 2, and 3 was administered by 30-minute infusion; paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) was given by a 3-hour infusion on day 1. In part B, the etoposide dose and schedule were the same, but paclitaxel (same dose) was administered on day 4. Treatment in both parts was repeated every 21 days for a maximum of 10 cycles. In part A, 18 patients were entered and no objective responses were observed. In part B, 21 patients were accrued, 17 of whom had sufficient follow-up for response assessment. Seven objective responses were achieved (two complete and five partial responses, for an objective response rate of 41%). Seven patients had no change and three had progressive disease. Frequency and severity of side effects were not significantly different in either part of the study. However, grade 4 neutropenia was observed in 10 (59%) patients and one (5%) patient in parts A and B of the trial, respectively. Nonhematologic toxicity was slight. In conclusion, paclitaxel cytotoxicity is abrogated when it is given concurrently with etoposide. When etoposide precedes paclitaxel, a more effective paclitaxel/etoposide schedule is attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rosell
- Medical Oncology Services Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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39
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Massuti B, Felip E, González-Larriba J, Benito D, López-Cabrerizo M, Salamanca O, Camps C, Puerto-Pica J, Rosell R. 35 A sequence-dependent paclitaxel-etoposide phase II trial in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(97)89314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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40
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Rosell R, Monzó M, Martínez-Roca M, González-Larriba J, Alberola V, Font A, Pifarré A, Sánchez M, Benito D. 43 β-Tubulin gene mutation-mediated paclitaxel resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(97)89322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Rosell R, González-Larriba JL, Alberola V, Molina F, Monzó M, Benito D, Pérez JM, de Anta JM. Single-agent paclitaxel by 3-hour infusion in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: links between p53 and K-ras gene status and chemosensitivity. Semin Oncol 1995; 22:12-8. [PMID: 8553077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Currently available cytotoxic drugs are only moderately active in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and prolong survival only slightly. In two published trials, single-agent paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) was reported to have significant activity in NSCLC, with response rates of 21% and 24%. Treatment-limiting hypersensitivity reactions, however, were noted in a phase I trial of paclitaxel given as a 3-hour infusion at doses > or = 190 mg/m2. We report the results of a phase II trial of paclitaxel given by 3-hour intravenous infusion at 210 mg/m2 every 3 weeks in an outpatient setting. The study was conducted simultaneously at three centers and included chemotherapy-naive patients with unresectable locoregional or metastatic NSCLC. The study objectives were to evaluate response rate, the potential link between p53 and K-ras gene mutations and increased paclitaxel resistance, and toxicity. Sixty-two patients were eligible for this study. All patients were premedicated with dexamethasone 20 mg given orally or intravenously 12 and 6 hours before paclitaxel infusion and cimetidine 300 mg and diphenhydramine 50 mg, both given 60 minutes prior to initiation of paclitaxel infusion. Of the 62 patients who were initially enrolled, 50 (44 men and six women) were evaluable for toxicity at interim analysis; 47 of these patients were evaluable for response. Twenty-four had squamous cell carcinoma, 20 had adenocarcinoma, and six had undifferentiated large cell carcinoma. The median age was 61 years (age range, 36 to 75 years). The median Zubrod performance status was 1 (range, 0 to 2). Seventeen (36%) patients achieved either partial or complete response. Among 24 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, eight (33%; 95% confidence interval, 15% to 61%) had a partial response. Seven (41%; 95% confidence interval, 18% to 64%) of 17 patients with adenocarcinoma had a partial or complete response. Tissue blocks were obtained for analysis of K-ras and p53 gene mutations by means of polymerase chain reaction followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism assay. Our findings indicate that mutations are associated with a poor clinical course and may be prognostic of paclitaxel resistance. Paclitaxel was well tolerated. None of the patients experienced allergic reactions. Granulocytopenia was generally mild. Therapy was interrupted in only two patients because of the development of grade 3 neuropathy. In our experience, paclitaxel is one of the most active cytotoxic drugs targeting NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rosell
- Medical Oncology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Alberola V, Rosell R, González-Larriba JL, Molina F, Ayala F, García-Conde J, Benito D, Pérez JM. Single agent Taxol, 3-hour infusion, in untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 1995; 6 Suppl 3:S49-52. [PMID: 8616116 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/6.suppl_3.s49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, only a few chemotherapeutic agents have consistently produced single agent response rates greater than 15% in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Taxol has been reported in two phase II studies to have significant activity in NSCLC with response rates of 21% and 24%. Schedule infusion of 24 hours has been used to reduce allergic reactions. The study reported here was a phase II trial of Taxol given by 3-hour intravenous infusions at a 210 mg/m2 dose every three weeks in outpatients setting. It was conducted simultaneously at three centers on chemotherapy-naïve patients medicated with unresectable stage III or metastatic NSCLC. Sixty-two patients were initially enrolled; all were premedicated with dexametasone (20 mg), cimetidine (330 mg) and diphenilhydramine (50 mg), given prior to initiation of paclitaxel infusion. Fifty patients were evaluated for toxic effects and 47 for response. Sixteen partial responses (34) and one complete response (2%) were observed, for an overall response rate of 36% (95% confidence internal, 22% to 50%). Taxol was well-tolerated and none of the patients experienced allergic reaction. Granulocytopenia was generally mild. Therapy was interrupted in only two patients because of the development of grade 3 neuropathy. In our experience Taxol is one of the most active cytotoxic drugs targeting non-small-cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Alberola
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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