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Lin A, Ahmad S, Amescua G, Cheung AY, Choi DS, Jhanji V, Mian SI, Rhee MK, Viriya ET, Mah FS, Varu DM. Blepharitis Preferred Practice Pattern®. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:P50-P86. [PMID: 38349296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Albert Y Cheung
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Cataract and Vision Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shahzad I Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital, Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst, New York
| | - Elizabeth T Viriya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lincoln Hospital/NYC Health+ Hospitals, Bronx, New York
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Mian SI, Viriya ET, Ahmad S, Amescua G, Cheung AY, Choi DS, Jhanji V, Lin A, Rhee MK, Mah FS, Varu DM. Corneal Edema and Opacification Preferred Practice Pattern®. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:P247-P305. [PMID: 38349302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad I Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth T Viriya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lincoln Hospital/NYC Health+ Hospitals, Bronx, New York
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Albert Y Cheung
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Cataract and Vision Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital, Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst, New York
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Amescua G, Ahmad S, Cheung AY, Choi DS, Jhanji V, Lin A, Mian SI, Rhee MK, Viriya ET, Mah FS, Varu DM. Dry Eye Syndrome Preferred Practice Pattern®. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:P1-P49. [PMID: 38349301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Albert Y Cheung
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Cataract and Vision Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Shahzad I Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital, Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst, New York
| | - Elizabeth T Viriya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lincoln Hospital/NYC Health+ Hospitals, Bronx, New York
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Rhee MK, Ahmad S, Amescua G, Cheung AY, Choi DS, Jhanji V, Lin A, Mian SI, Viriya ET, Mah FS, Varu DM. Bacterial Keratitis Preferred Practice Pattern®. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:P87-P133. [PMID: 38349295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital, Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst, New York
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Albert Y Cheung
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Cataract and Vision Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Shahzad I Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth T Viriya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lincoln Hospital/NYC Health+ Hospitals, Bronx, New York
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Cheung AY, Choi DS, Ahmad S, Amescua G, Jhanji V, Lin A, Mian SI, Rhee MK, Viriya ET, Mah FS, Varu DM. Conjunctivitis Preferred Practice Pattern. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:P134-P204. [PMID: 38349304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Y Cheung
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Cataract and Vision Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Shahzad I Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital, Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst, New York
| | - Elizabeth T Viriya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lincoln Hospital/NYC Health+ Hospitals, Bronx, New York
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Jhanji V, Ahmad S, Amescua G, Cheung AY, Choi DS, Lin A, Mian SI, Rhee MK, Viriya ET, Mah FS, Varu DM. Corneal Ectasia Preferred Practice Pattern®. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:P205-P246. [PMID: 38349299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Albert Y Cheung
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Cataract and Vision Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Shahzad I Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital, Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst, New
| | - Elizabeth T Viriya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lincoln Hospital/NYC Health+ Hospitals, Bronx, New York
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Heyne TF, Negishi K, Choi DS, Al Saud AA, Marinacci LX, Smithedajkul PY, Devaraj LR, Little BP, Mendoza DP, Flores EJ, Petranovic M, Toal SP, Shokoohi H, Liteplo AS, Geisler BP. Handheld Lung Ultrasound to Detect COVID-19 Pneumonia in Inpatients: A Prospective Cohort Study. POCUS J 2023; 8:175-183. [PMID: 38099168 PMCID: PMC10721309 DOI: 10.24908/pocus.v8i2.16484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Chest imaging, including chest X-ray (CXR) and computed tomography (CT), can be a helpful adjunct to nucleic acid test (NAT) in the diagnosis and management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Lung point of care ultrasound (POCUS), particularly with handheld devices, is an imaging alternative that is rapid, highly portable, and more accessible in low-resource settings. A standardized POCUS scanning protocol has been proposed to assess the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia, but it has not been sufficiently validated to assess diagnostic accuracy for COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance of a standardized lung POCUS protocol using a handheld POCUS device to detect patients with either a positive NAT or a COVID-19-typical pattern on CT scan. Methods: Adult inpatients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 and a recent CT were recruited from April to July 2020. Twelve lung zones were scanned with a handheld POCUS machine. Images were reviewed independently by blinded experts and scored according to the proposed protocol. Patients were divided into low, intermediate, and high suspicion based on their POCUS score. Results: Of 79 subjects, 26.6% had a positive NAT and 31.6% had a typical CT pattern. The receiver operator curve for POCUS had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.787 for positive NAT and 0.820 for a typical CT. Using a two-point cutoff system, POCUS had a sensitivity of 0.90 and 1.00 compared to NAT and typical CT pattern, respectively, at the lower cutoff; it had a specificity of 0.90 and 0.89 compared to NAT and typical CT pattern at the higher cutoff, respectively. Conclusions: The proposed lung POCUS protocol with a handheld device showed reasonable diagnostic performance to detect inpatients with a positive NAT or typical CT pattern for COVID-19. Particularly in low-resource settings, POCUS with handheld devices may serve as a helpful adjunct for persons under investigation for COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Heyne
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Kay Negishi
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Ahad A Al Saud
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, King Saud University College of MedicineRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Lucas X Marinacci
- Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston, MAUSA
| | | | - Lily R Devaraj
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Brent P Little
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Dexter P Mendoza
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Efren J Flores
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Milena Petranovic
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Steven P Toal
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Hamid Shokoohi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Andrew S Liteplo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
| | - Benjamin P Geisler
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MAUSA
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
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Lock EH, Lee J, Choi DS, Bedford RG, Karna SP, Roy AK. Materials Innovations for Quantum Technology Acceleration: A Perspective. Adv Mater 2023:e2201064. [PMID: 37021584 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A broad perspective of quantum technology state of the art is provided and critical stumbling blocks for quantum technology development are identified. Innovations in demonstrating and understanding electron entanglement phenomena using bulk and low-dimensional materials and structures are summarized. Correlated photon-pair generation via processes such as nonlinear optics is discussed. Application of qubits to current and future high-impact quantum technology development is presented. Approaches for realizing unique qubit features for large-scale encrypted communication, sensing, computing, and other technologies are still evolving; thus, materials innovation is crucially important. A perspective on materials modeling approaches for quantum technology acceleration that incorporate physics-based AI/ML, integrated with quantum metrology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya H Lock
- Materials Science and Technology Division, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Jonghoon Lee
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXAN, 2179 12th St, WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA
- ARCTOS Technology Solutions, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Beavercreek, OH, 45432, USA
| | - Daniel S Choi
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, FCDD-RLW, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Beavercreek, MD, 21015, USA
| | - Robert G Bedford
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXAN, 2179 12th St, WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Shashi P Karna
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, FCDD-RLW, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Beavercreek, MD, 21015, USA
| | - Ajit K Roy
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXAN, 2179 12th St, WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA
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Sepulveda-Beltran PA, Levine H, Gibbons AG, Maharaj A, Choi DS, Martinez JD, Correa ZM, Amescua G, Harbour JW. Post-Radiation Cataract Management: Outcomes in Individuals with Uveal Melanoma. Curr Ophthalmol Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-022-00304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Duanmu Y, Choi DS, Tracy S, Harris OM, Schleifer JI, Dadabhoy FZ, Wu JC, Platz E. Development and validation of a novel prediction score for cardiac tamponade in emergency department patients with pericardial effusion. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2020; 10:542-549. [PMID: 33823539 PMCID: PMC8245142 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims Determining which patients with pericardial effusion require urgent intervention can be challenging. We sought to develop a novel, simple risk prediction score for patients with pericardial effusion. Methods and results Adult patients admitted through the emergency department (ED) with pericardial effusion were retrospectively evaluated. The overall cohort was divided into a derivation and validation cohort for the generation and validation of a novel risk score using logistic regression. The primary outcome was a pericardial drainage procedure or death attributed to cardiac tamponade within 24 h of ED arrival. Among 195 eligible patients, 102 (52%) experienced the primary outcome. Four variables were selected for the novel score: systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (1.5 points), effusion diameter [1–2 cm (0 points), 2–3 cm (1.5 points), >3 cm (2 points)], right ventricular diastolic collapse (2 points), and mitral inflow velocity variation > 25% (1 point). The need for pericardial drainage within 24 h was stratified as low (<2 points), intermediate (2–4 points), or high (≥4 points), which corresponded to risks of 8.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.0–16.8%], 63.8% [95% CI 50.1–76.0%], and 93.7% [95% CI 84.5–98.2%]. The area under the curve of the simplified score was 0.94 for the derivation and 0.91 for the validation cohort. Conclusion Among ED patients with pericardial effusion, a four-variable prediction score consisting of systolic blood pressure, effusion diameter, right ventricular collapse, and mitral inflow velocity variation can accurately predict the need for urgent pericardial drainage. Prospective validation of this novel score is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Duanmu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 900 Welch Road Suite 350, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sam Tracy
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Owen M Harris
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, North Shore Medical Center, 3 Dove Avenue, Salem, MA 01970, USA
| | - Jessica I Schleifer
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Farah Z Dadabhoy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justina C Wu
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elke Platz
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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11
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Li R, Burchfield LA, Askar K, Al Fahim M, Issa Al Nahyan HB, Choi DS. Nanoleite: a new semiconducting carbon allotrope predicted by density functional theory. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38782-38787. [PMID: 35518447 PMCID: PMC9057361 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05593j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new carbon allotrope with an indirect bandgap of 2.06 eV has been predicted by density functional theory, which has a high absorption coefficient in the visible spectral range that is suitable for solar cell application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- Mechanical Engineering Department
- Khalifa University
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Khalid Askar
- Mechanical Engineering Department
- Khalifa University
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Daniel S. Choi
- Mechanical Engineering Department
- Khalifa University
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
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12
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Abstract
We propose a new class of carbon allotropes obtained by combining linear sp carbon chains with sp3 bulk carbon. The structure of these crystalline carbon allotropes consists of sp chains inserted in cylindrical cavities periodically arranged in hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite). We carry out a detailed computational analysis of the structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of a simple form in this class: a single C6 strand embedded in a nm-sized cavity. We obtain a metallic allotrope exhibiting characteristic high-frequency vibrations associated with the sp chain stretching modes, and characterized by long-time room-temperature stability. In addition, we suggest how numerous similar allotropes could be constructed within this class, that we call zayedenes, all characterized by comparable metallicity and high-frequency vibrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Delodovici
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, Milan, Italy.
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Jones CW, Choi DS, Sun P, Chiu YF, Lipman JD, Lyman S, Bostrom MPG, Sculco PK. Clinical and design factors influence the survivorship of custom flange acetabular components. Bone Joint J 2019; 101-B:68-76. [PMID: 31146558 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.101b6.bjj-2018-1455.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Custom flange acetabular components (CFACs) are a patient-specific option for addressing large acetabular defects at revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), but patient and implant characteristics that affect survivorship remain unknown. This study aimed to identify patient and design factors related to survivorship. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review of 91 patients who underwent revision THA using 96 CFACs was undertaken, comparing features between radiologically failed and successful cases. Patient characteristics (demographic, clinical, and radiological) and implant features (design characteristics and intraoperative features) were collected. There were 74 women and 22 men; their mean age was 62 years (31 to 85). The mean follow-up was 24.9 months (sd 27.6; 0 to 116). Two sets of statistical analyses were performed: 1) univariate analyses (Pearson's chi-squared and independent-samples Student's t-tests) for each feature; and 2) bivariable logistic regressions using features identified from a random forest analysis. RESULTS Radiological failure and revision rates were 23% and 12.5%, respectively. Revisions were undertaken at a mean of 25.1 months (sd 26.4) postoperatively. Patients with radiological failure were younger at the time of the initial procedure, were less likely to have a diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis (OA), were more likely to have had ischial screws in previous surgery, had fewer ischial screw holes in their CFAC design, and had more proximal ischial fixation. Random forest analysis identified the age of the patient and the number of locking and non-locking screws used for inclusion in subsequent bivariable logistic regression, but only age (odds ratio 0.93 per year) was found to be significant. CONCLUSION We identified both patient and design features predictive of CFAC survivorship. We found a higher rate of failure in younger patients, those whose primary diagnosis was not OA, and those with more proximal ischial fixation or fewer ischial fixation options. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):68-76.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Jones
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - D S Choi
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - P Sun
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Y-F Chiu
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - J D Lipman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - S Lyman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - M P G Bostrom
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - P K Sculco
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
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14
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Hillin CD, Fryhofer GW, Freedman BR, Choi DS, Weiss SN, Huegel J, Soslowsky LJ. Effects of immobilization angle on tendon healing after achilles rupture in a rat model. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:562-573. [PMID: 30720208 PMCID: PMC6534419 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conservative (non-operative) treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures is a common alternative to operative treatment. Following rupture, ankle immobilization in plantarflexion is thought to aid healing by restoring tendon end-to-end apposition. However, early activity may improve limb function, challenging the role of immobilization position on tendon healing, as it may affect loading across the injury site. This study investigated the effects of ankle immobilization angle in a rat model of Achilles tendon rupture. We hypothesized that manipulating the ankle from full plantarflexion into a more dorsiflexed position during the immobilization period would result in superior hindlimb function and tendon properties, but that prolonged casting in dorsiflexion would result in inferior outcomes. After Achilles tendon transection, animals were randomized into eight immobilization groups ranging from full plantarflexion (160°) to mid-point (90°) to full dorsiflexion (20°), with or without angle manipulation. Tendon properties and ankle function were influenced by ankle immobilization position and time. Tendon lengthening occurred after 1 week at 20° compared to more plantarflexed angles, and was associated with loss of propulsion force. Dorsiflexing the ankle during immobilization from 160° to 90° produced a stiffer, more aligned tendon, but did not lead to functional changes compared to immobilization at 160°. Although more dorsiflexed immobilization can enhance tissue properties and function of healing Achilles tendon following rupture, full dorsiflexion creates significant tendon elongation regardless of application time. This study suggests that the use of moderate plantarflexion and earlier return to activity can provide improved clinical outcomes. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody D. Hillin
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
| | - George W. Fryhofer
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
| | - Benjamin R. Freedman
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
| | - Daniel S. Choi
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
| | - Stephanie N. Weiss
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
| | - Julianne Huegel
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
| | - Louis J. Soslowsky
- McKay Orthopaedic LaboratoryUniversity of Pennsylvania110 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐6081
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Islam MD, Yassi HA, Dong M, Choi DS, Seok I, Liu C, Guo Z, Ryu JE. Hierarchical Assembly of CuO Nano-Dandelions on 3-D Printed Template. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.30919/es8d503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Baek HK, Bae K, Jeon KN, Choi DS, Shin HS, Lee KH. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Alcohol-induced Encephalopathies. Hong Kong J Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1616412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Faria M, Karami S, Granados-Principal S, Dey P, Verma A, Choi DS, Elemento O, Bawa-Khalfe1 T, Chang JC, Gustafsson JA, Strom AM. Abstract P6-07-10: The ERβ4 variant induce transformation of the normal breast mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A; the ERβ variants ERβ2, ERβ4 and ERβ5 increase aggressiveness of TNBC by regulation of hypoxic signaling. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-07-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) still remains a challenge to treat in the clinic due to a lack of good targets for treatment. Although TNBC lacks expression of ERα, the expression of ERβ and its variants are detected quite frequently in this cancer type and can represent an avenue for treatment. We show that the variants of ERβ, namely ERβ1, ERβ2, ERβ4, and ERβ5, regulate aggressiveness of TNBC by regulating hypoxic signaling. RNA-seq of patient derived xenografts (PDX) from TNBC show expression of ERβ4 and ERβ5 variants in more than half of the samples. Furthermore, expression of ERβ4 in the immortalized, normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A that is resistant to mammosphere formation caused transformation and development of mammospheres. By contrast, ERβ1, ERβ2 or ERβ5 were unable to support mammosphere formation. We have previously shown that all variants except ERβ1 stabilizes HIF-1α but only ERβ4 appear to have the ability to transform normal mammary epithelial cells, pointing towards a unique property of ERβ4. We propose that ERβ variants may be good diagnostic tools and also serve as novel targets for treatment of breast cancer.
Citation Format: Faria M, Karami S, Granados-Principal S, Dey P, Verma A, Choi DS, Elemento O, Bawa-Khalfe1 T, Chang JC, Gustafsson J-A, Strom AM. The ERβ4 variant induce transformation of the normal breast mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A; the ERβ variants ERβ2, ERβ4 and ERβ5 increase aggressiveness of TNBC by regulation of hypoxic signaling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faria
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Karami
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Granados-Principal
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Dey
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Verma
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - DS Choi
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - O Elemento
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Bawa-Khalfe1
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - JC Chang
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J-A Gustafsson
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - AM Strom
- University of Houston, Houston, TX; Hospital of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; University of Granada, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chen X, Reddy AS, Kontaxis A, Choi DS, Wright T, Dines DM, Warren RF, Berhouet J, Gulotta LV. Version Correction via Eccentric Reaming Compromises Remaining Bone Quality in B2 Glenoids: A Computational Study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2017; 475:3090-3099. [PMID: 28948516 PMCID: PMC5670079 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-017-5510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Version correction via eccentric reaming reduces clinically important retroversion in Walch type B2 glenoids (those with substantial glenoid retroversion and a second, sclerotic neoglenoid cavity) before total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Clinically, an increased risk of glenoid component loosening in B2 glenoids was hypothesized to be the result of compromised glenoid bone quality attributable to eccentric reaming. However, no established guidelines exist regarding how much version correction can be applied without compromising the quality of glenoid bone. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) How does version correction correlate to the reaming depth and the volume of resected bone during eccentric reaming of B2 glenoids? (2) How does version correction affect the density of the remaining glenoid bone? (3) How does version correction affect the spatial distribution of high-quality bone in the remaining glenoid? METHODS CT scans of 25 patients identified with Walch type B2 glenoids (age, 68 ± 9 years; 14 males, 11 females) were selected from a cohort of 111 patients (age, 69 ± 10 years; 50 males, 61 females) with primary shoulder osteoarthritis who underwent TSA. Virtual TSA with version corrections of 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15° was performed on 25 CT-reconstructed three-dimensional models of B2 scapulae. After simulated eccentric reaming at each version correction angle, bone density (Hounsfield units [HUs]) was analyzed in five adjacent 1-mm layers under the reamed glenoid surface. Remaining high-quality bone (> 650 HUs) distribution in each 1-mm layer at different version corrections was observed on spatial distribution maps. RESULTS Larger version corrections required more bone resection, especially from the anterior glenoid. Mean bone densities in the first 1-mm bone bed under the reamed surface were lower with 10° (523.3 ± 79.9 HUs) and 15° (479.5 ± 81.0 HUs) version corrections relative to 0° (0°, 609.0 ± 103.9 HUs; mean difference between 0° and 15°, 129.5 HUs [95% CI, 46.3-212.8 HUs], p < 0.001; mean difference between 0° and 10°, 85.7 HUs [95% CI, 8.6-162.9 HUs], p = 0.021) version correction. Similar results were observed for the second 1-mm bone bed. Spatial distribution maps qualitatively showed a decreased frequency of high-quality bone in the anterior glenoid as version correction increased. CONCLUSIONS A version correction as low as 10° was shown to reduce the density of the glenoid bone bed for TSA glenoid fixation in our computational study that simulated reaming on CT-reconstructed B2 glenoid models. Increased version correction resulted in gradual depletion of high-quality bone from the anterior region of B2 glenoids. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This computational study of eccentric reaming of the glenoid before TSA quantitatively showed glenoid bone quality is sensitive to version correction via simulated eccentric reaming. The bone density results of our study may benefit surgeons to better plan TSA on B2 glenoids needing durable bone support, and help to clarify goals for development of precision surgical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | | | - Andreas Kontaxis
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Daniel S. Choi
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Timothy Wright
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - David M. Dines
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Russell F. Warren
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Julien Berhouet
- Service d’Orthopédie Traumatologie 1C, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Chambray-les-Tours, France
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Oliveros A, Wininger K, Sens J, Larsson MK, Liu XC, Choi S, Faka A, Schwieler L, Engberg G, Erhardt S, Choi DS. LPS-induced cortical kynurenic acid and neurogranin-NFAT signaling is associated with deficits in stimulus processing during Pavlovian conditioning. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 313:1-9. [PMID: 29153599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) and the post-synaptic calmodulin binding protein neurogranin (Nrgn) have been implicated in neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. This study indicates that systemic dual-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections increases KYNA in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is accompanied with increased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa chain of activated B cells (NFκB) and activation of the nuclear factor of activated T- cells (NFAT). Our results also indicate that dual-LPS increases Nrgn phosphorylation and concomitantly reduces phosphorylation of calmodulin kinase-II (CaMKII). We confirmed that systemic blockade of kynurenine-3 monooxygenase in conjunction with kynurenine administration results in significant increases in Nrgn phosphorylation and a significant reduction of CaMKII phosphorylation in the mPFC. Consequently, dual-LPS administration induced significant impairments in stimulus processing during Pavlovian conditioning. Taken together, our study indicates that elevations in KYNA in the mPFC can directly regulate NMDA-Nrgn-CaMKII signaling, suggesting that neuroinflammatory conditions affecting this pathway may be associated with cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oliveros
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - K Wininger
- Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - J Sens
- Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - M K Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - X C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - A Faka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Schwieler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Engberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D S Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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20
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Tran AQ, Hoeppner C, Venkateswaran N, Choi DS, Lee WW. Complications of cosmetic eye whitening. Cutis 2017; 100:E24-E26. [PMID: 29121140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduced in 2008 and subsequently popularized in South Korea, cosmetic eye whitening has been offered as a treatment of chronic conjunctival hyperemia. Patients undergo conjunctivectomy with topical mitomycin C (MMC) 0.02% application to achieve a whitened appearance from bleaching of avascular sclera. Much speculation has arisen from this procedure given the limited available evidence on its efficacy and safety. A literature search was performed to review common complications of cosmetic eye whitening, including chronic conjunctival epithelial defects, scleral thinning, avascular zones in the sclera, dry eye syndrome, and diplopia requiring strabismus surgery. Informing the general public of the risks of this procedure is of great importance for dermatologists and other cosmetic surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Q Tran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Catherine Hoeppner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Nandini Venkateswaran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Wendy W Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
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Choi DS, Hansen M, Van Keuren E, Hahm JI. Highly photoresponsive, ZnO nanorod-based photodetector for operation in the visible spectral range. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:145203. [PMID: 28281467 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa6237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
While significant advances have been made for gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-coupled zinc oxide (ZnO) as visibly blind, ultraviolet photodetection devices, very few ZnO nanomaterial systems have been developed specifically for use in the visible wavelength regime. Further efforts to develop ZnO-based visible photodetectors (PDs) are still highly warranted in order to better understand the precise effect of AuNP load, operation wavelength, and beam position on the device output. In this study, we demonstrate significantly enhanced, photoresponse behaviors of AuNP-coupled ZnO nanorod (NR) network devices in the visible wavelength range with their photoresponse capacity comparable to, if not far exceeding, most commercial PDs as well as recently reported, visible, AuNP-coupled ZnO detectors. In addition, the nature and degree of the photoresponsivity enhancement are systematically elucidated by investigating their light-triggered electrical signals under varying incident wavelengths, AuNP amounts, and illumination positions. We discuss a possible photoconduction mechanism of our AuNP-coupled ZnO NR PDs and the origins of the high photoresponsivity. Specifically related to the AuNP amount-dependent photoresponse behaviors, the nanoparticle density yielding photoresponse maxima is explained as the interplay between localized surface plasmon resonance, plasmonic heating, and scattering in our photothermoelectric effect-driven device. We show that the AuNP-coupled ZnO NR PDs can be constructed via a straightforward method without the need for ultrahigh vacuum, sputtering procedures, or photo/electron-beam lithographic tools. Hence, the approach demonstrated in this study may serve as a convenient and viable means to advance the current state of ZnO-based PDs for operation in the visible spectral range with greatly increased photoresponsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, United States of America
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Rosato RR, Davila-Gonzalez D, Choi DS, Dave B, Chang JC. Abstract P6-14-02: An anti-PD1 antibody-based therapy results in dramatic reduction of TNBC PDX tumors in humanized mice models. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p6-14-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recently, the field of cancer immunotherapy has seen a rapid growth based on a better understanding of the complex interplay between the tumor and the immune system. Although for long time breast cancer has been considered non-immunogenic and patients have seen limited options to immunotherapies, new strategies have changed this paradigm. In the present study, we aimed to test the in vivo activity of a human anti-PD1 antibody against the TNBC tumor line MC1. One of the main limitations of performing laboratory-based in vivo studies resides in the availability of the appropriate animal models. To circumvent these obstacles, we used patient-derived breast cancer tumor lines xenografts (PDX) from our existing collection previously established in immuno-compromised SCID/beige mice. Low-passage fresh xenograft tumor fragments of the TNBC tumor lines MC1 and HM#2147 were transplanted into the cleared fat pad of recipient non-humanized (non-hNSG) and humanized NSG (hNSG) mice. Humanized mice were obtained by i.v. injecting 3-4 weeks old NSG mice with CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) following whole body radiation. Flow cytometry and immuno-histochemistry analyses of hNSG blood, spleen and bone marrow showed the presence of human CD45+ (15.1% ± 10.3; 61.5% ± 19.1; 71.9% ± 17.9; respectively), CD20+, CD3+, CD8+, CD68+, and CD33+ cells. BC tumor engraftment was then evaluated by comparing the growth of the MC1 tumor line in non- and hNSG mice, showing a slower growth in the corresponding humanized mice. Importantly, the presence of hCD45+ cells was readily detectable in all the hNSG-derived tumors, localizing both toward the periphery of the tumors and inside them. Analysis of hCD45+ subpopulation cells showed also the tumor presence of hCD20+ cells (B cells), hCD8+ T-cells and CD68+ (macrophages) cells. To determine whether BC PDX may have conserved the capability to metastasize to the lung, hNSG mice were engrafted with the tumor line HM#2147. Once the primary tumor reached the maximum volume allowed by humane standards, mice humanization levels, tumor engraftment and lung metastasis were evaluated. Humanized engrafted mice showed same levels of human cells and primary tumor engraftment as those harboring MC1 PDXs. Macroscopically, lungs displayed clear evidence of metastases. IHC assays using Ki67 and CK19 identified the microscopic region corresponding to its localization. Importantly, as described in the primary breast tumor, the presence of hCD45+ was also observed infiltrating the lung metastatic tumor. The efficacy of an anti-PD1 therapy was then evaluated. Levels of tumor PD-L1 were determined by western blot showing high levels of expression. Animals were weekly i.p.-administered either the human anti-PD1 antibody or vehicle. Evaluation of tumor volumes showed a significant reduction in anti-PD1- vs. vehicle-treated animals at day 18 of treatment (i.e. 457.8 mm3 vs. 1074.24 mm3, respectively; P= 0.001). The present study show encouraging results associated with anti-PD1 immunotherapy to treat TNBC tumors. In addition, our results provide evidence supporting the use of humanized mice as key animal model that may allow to overcome some of the technical difficulties associated with the investigation of immune-based therapies.
Citation Format: Rosato RR, Davila-Gonzalez D, Choi DS, Dave B, Chang JC. An anti-PD1 antibody-based therapy results in dramatic reduction of TNBC PDX tumors in humanized mice models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-14-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- RR Rosato
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - DS Choi
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - B Dave
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - JC Chang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Davila-Gonzalez D, Choi DS, Kuhn J, Granados SM, Rosato RR, Dave B, Chang JC. Abstract P3-03-02: Inhibition of NOS promotes ER stress response and augments docetaxel-mediated apoptosis in TNBC. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p3-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is related to an activation of a survival response orchestrated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesize that attenuation of nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway can overcome treatment resistance, preventing relapse, ultimately improving survival of TNBC patients. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of pharmacological iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) inhibition by L-NMMA on docetaxel-meditated ER stress response and to determine whether the therapeutic NOS inhibition may improve chemotherapy-based response.
Methods: BT-549, SUM-149, MDA-MB-436, and MDA-MD-468 TNBC cell lines were treated with docetaxel (D; 5 nm)/ L-NMMA (L; 4mM)/ amlodipine (A; 5 µm) daily for 48 and 72 hours. Cell death and proliferation were assayed by Annexin V and ATP quantification, respectively. Western Blot (WB) was used to measure ER stress markers. In vivo regimen treatment followed three 2-weekscycles of D (20 mg/kg intraperitoneal [IP] on day 1) and L (200 mg/kg oral gavage on day 2-6); A (10 mg/kg IP on day 2-6) A was administered together with L to counteract the well-known effects of L on blood pressure (hypertension). TNBC Patient derived xenograft (PDX) models #2147, #5998, #3107 and #4664 were transplanted into the mammary fat pad of SCID Beige mice. PDX #2147 received either, single drug (vehicle, L, A, D), double (L+A, D+L, D+A), or triple drug combination (L+A+D). Models #4664, #3107 and #5998 received only vehicle, D or D+ L+A. Mice weight and tumor volumes were recorded twice weekly. D concentration was measured by mass spectrometry.
Results: Studies on SUM-159 cell line showed that, when compared to the docetaxel-treated group, D+L+A increased cell death significantly, as indicated by a rise in annexin V/propidium iodide-positive cells. Increase in cell death by D+L+A was further demonstrated by accumulation of mitochondrial cleaved BAX. The enhanced apoptotic effects of D+L+A in MDA MD 468, BT 549 and MDA MD TNBC cell lines were confirmed by a decrease in ATP levels compared to D alone. WB revealed a survival stress response activated by docetaxel. When it was coupled with NOS inhibition, ER stress response showed higher expression of ATF4 and CHOP, triggering a proapoptotic response by pASK1/JNK pathway and cleaved caspases (CC3 and CC9). PDX #2147 showed that L, A and L+A treatment groups had similar tumor volume growth as the untreated group. However, combination therapy, D+L+A, significantly reduced the tumor volume and increased survival proportions compared with vehicle and docetaxel. Combination therapy also dramatically reduced tumor size on TNBC #4664 and #3107, and significantly improved response on #5998 compared with docetaxel alone. Intratumoral docetaxel concentration was 5.3-fold higher in mice receiving D+L+A than in those receiving docetaxel alone (#5998). In both groups, docetaxel was not detected in the plasma one week after injection.
Conclusion: The present data suggest that iNOS may be a critical target for docetaxel resistance in TNBC. iNOS inhibition enhanced chemotherapy response in TNBC PDX models indicating that addition of iNOS inhibitor may improve prognosis and prevent relapse in TNBC patients who have failed conventional chemotherapy.
Citation Format: Davila-Gonzalez D, Choi DS, Kuhn J, Granados SM, Rosato RR, Dave B, Chang JC. Inhibition of NOS promotes ER stress response and augments docetaxel-mediated apoptosis in TNBC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Davila-Gonzalez
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
| | - DS Choi
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
| | - J Kuhn
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
| | - SM Granados
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
| | - RR Rosato
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
| | - B Dave
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
| | - JC Chang
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; UT College of Pharmacy, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX; Hospital Complex of Jaen, Jaen, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Granada, Spain
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Choi DS, Dave B, Rosato RR, Chang JC. Abstract P5-05-01: Physico-biochemical regulation of EMT by microtubule associated protein 7 (MAP7). Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p5-05-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: We previously reported about 500 cancer stem cell (CSC) specific gene signatures from patient tumor samples. After screening with shRNAs for the 500 genes affecting mammosphere forming ability, we identified microtubule-assoicated protein 7 (MAP7) as one of the top candidate genes, which may serve as a target for breast CSCs. Although MAP7 is a predominant epithelial microtubule binding protein, only limited number of reports suggests that MAP7 may be a regulator of microtubule dynamics during cell division and a cofactor of Kinesin-1 in compartment transport in cells. However, little is known about how MAP7 supports epithelial cancers, especially breast cancer. Previously, we have reported that the mammosphere forming cells exhibit treatment resistance and high metastatic potential, which are intrinsic characters for CSCs displaying epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). We hypothesize that MAP7 supports breast cancer progression by promoting CSC self-renewal and survival through regulation of EMT.
Objectives: Here, we aim to show that MAP7 is an essential regulator of breast CSCs and to elucidate mechanism behind EMT regulation by MAP7 in breast CSCs.
Methods and Results: On Oncomine database analysis, MAP7 was up-regulated in most epithelial cancers, when compared to the corresponding normal tissues. Similarly, its expression in breast cancer was 2-fold higher than in the normal breast tissue (p<0.05), but without significant variances in the expression across the breast cancer subtypes. Gene silencing of MAP7 significantly reduced CD44+/CD24- breast CSC populations and mammosphere forming efficiencies of MDA-MB-231, HCC1937, and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the silencing of MAP7 expression compromised invasive potential of MDA-MB-231 cells by 50% and significantly altered the cell membrane mechanics of MDA-MB-468 cells, as indicated by a high-content image analysis for cell shapes and cell adhesion efficiency. More importantly, delivery of siRNA in vivo inhibited the growth of BCM2147 patient-derived tumor, and limiting dilution assay demonstrated that the tumor initiation potential of BCM2147 can be eliminated by MAP7 silencing. Through confocal microscope analysis of images of fluorescent immunostaining and co-immunoprecipatation assays, MAP7 showed polarized-expressions in spindle-shaped cancer cells and was co-localized with Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK). Moreover, MAP7 silencing inhibited the phosphorylation of FAK by inactivating p130CAS and JSAP1, the upper stream and the down-stream regulators of FAK.
Conclusion: We have showed the ectopic expression of MAP7 in breast tumors and other epithelial tumors, suggesting MAP7 may be involved in tumorigenesis and critical for the survival of tumor cells. Moreover, our results suggest that MAP7 is a key element for survival and self-renewal of breast CSCs through polarization of cells and activation of FAK, required for the initiation of EMT. To that end, here we report that MAP7 is essential for breast cancer growth by supporting CSC survival and self-renewal.
Citation Format: Choi DS, Dave B, Rosato RR, Chang JC. Physico-biochemical regulation of EMT by microtubule associated protein 7 (MAP7) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- DS Choi
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - B Dave
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - RR Rosato
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - JC Chang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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25
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Hopkins X, Gill WA, Kringel R, Wang G, Hass J, Acharya S, Park J, Jeon IT, An BH, Lee JS, Ryu JE, Hill R, McIlroy D, Kim YK, Choi DS. Radio frequency-mediated local thermotherapy for destruction of pancreatic tumors using Ni-Au core-shell nanowires. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:03LT01. [PMID: 27966462 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/28/3/03lt01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method of radio frequency (RF)-mediated thermotherapy in tumors by remotely heating nickel (Ni)-gold (Au) core-shell nanowires (CSNWs). Ectopic pancreatic tumors were developed in nude mice to evaluate the thermotherapeutic effects on tumor progression. Tumor ablation was produced by RF-mediated thermotherapy via activation of the paramagnetic properties of the Ni-Au CSNWs. Histopathology demonstrated that heat generated by RF irradiation caused significant cellular death with pyknotic nuclei and nuclear fragmentation dispersed throughout the tumors. These preliminary results suggest that thermotherapy ablation induced via RF activation of nanowires provides a potential alternative therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hopkins
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
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26
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Hanson NA, Lee PH, Yuan SC, Choi DS, Allen CJ, Auyong DB. Continuous ambulatory adductor canal catheters for patients undergoing knee arthroplasty surgery. J Clin Anesth 2016; 35:190-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Xie T, Vora A, Mulcahey PJ, Nanescu SE, Singh M, Choi DS, Huang JK, Liu CC, Sanders DP, Hahm JI. Surface Assembly Configurations and Packing Preferences of Fibrinogen Mediated by the Periodicity and Alignment Control of Block Copolymer Nanodomains. ACS Nano 2016; 10:7705-7720. [PMID: 27462904 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the specific adsorption and packing behaviors of biomedically important proteins by effectively guiding their preferred surface adsorption configuration and packing orientation on polymeric surfaces may have utility in many applications such as biomaterials, medical implants, and tissue engineering. Herein, we investigate the distinct adhesion configurations of fibrinogen (Fg) proteins and the different organization behaviors between single Fg molecules that are mediated by the changes in the periodicity and alignment of chemically alternating nanodomains in thin films of polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) block copolymer (BCP). Specifically, the adsorption characteristics of individual Fg molecules were unambiguously resolved on four different PS-b-PMMA templates of dsa PS-b-PMMA, sm PS-b-PMMA, com PS-b-PMMA, and PS-r-PMMA. By direct visualization through high resolution imaging, the distinct adsorption and packing configurations of both isolated and interacting Fg molecules were determined as a function of the BCP template-specific nanodomain periodicity, domain alignment (random versus fully aligned), and protein concentration. The three dominant Fg adsorption configurations, SP∥, SP⊥, and TP, were observed and their occurrence ratios were ascertained on each PS-b-PMMA template. During surface packing, the orientation of the protein backbone was largely governed by the periodicity and alignment of the underlying PS-b-PMMA nanodomains whose specific direction was explicitly resolved relative to the polymeric nanodomain axis. The use of PS-b-PMMA with a periodicity much smaller than (and comparable to) the length of Fg led to a Fg scaffold with the protein backbone aligned parallel (and perpendicular) to the nanodomain major axis. In addition, we have successfully created fully Fg-decorated BCP constructs analogous to two-dimensional Fg crystals in which aligned protein molecules are arranged either side-on or end-on, depending on the BCP template. Our results demonstrate that the geometry and orientation of the protein can be effectively guided during Fg self-assembly by controlling the physical dimensions and orientations of the underlying BCP templates. Finally, the biofunctionality of the BCP surface-bound Fg was assessed and the Fg/BCP construct was successfully used in the Ca-P nanoparticle nucleation/growth and microglia cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Ankit Vora
- IBM Research-Almaden , 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Patrick J Mulcahey
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Sonia E Nanescu
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057
| | - Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Jeffrey K Huang
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057
| | - Chi-Chun Liu
- IBM Research-Albany Nanotech , 257 Fuller Rd, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Daniel P Sanders
- IBM Research-Almaden , 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Jong-In Hahm
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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Choi DS, Darling RC, Roddy SP, Kreienberg PB, Chang BB, Paty PSK, Lloyd WE, Shah DM. Can the Cost of Distal Vascular Reconstruction be Reduced Without Sacrificing Quality? Analysis of 500 Cases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/153857440003400502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of clinical pathways is to reduce the cost of the hospitalization while maintaining acceptable results (patency, morbidity, and mortality). Patients who present with lower extremity revascularization pose a difficult problem, for they have significant comorbid medical disease. In this study the authors analyze their results and the treatment cost for patients undergoing lower extremity revascularization before and after the institution of clinical pathways. Data were collected independently by the hospital financial office, and surgical outcomes were derived from the prospectively collected computerized vascular registry. Data were analyzed for 12 months before and after institution of pathways. Cost, length of stay (LOS), and use of ancillary service as well as mortality, morbidity, and patency rates were evaluated. During each period, patients were selectively admitted to the intensive care unit based on perioperative risk factors independent of the pathway. Three hundred ninety-nine patients with distal reconstructions were placed on the path during this time period. These were compared to a group of 286 patients who were not on the path in the year prior. The LOS decreased from 14.3 days to 9.2 days. Electrolyte laboratory panels decreased from 12 draws per patient per admission to two draws per patient per admission. This trend was also seen in complete blood count (11.8 to 6.8), glucose (12.6 to 2.1), and electrolytes (12.2 to 1.8). Perioperative mortality rates were similar (2.5% vs 1.9%) with no change in morbidity rates. Total cost for hospitalization decreased by 27% after institution of the clinical pathway. From these data, the authors can demonstrate that the institution of clinical pathways not only decreased total cost, use of ancillary laboratory tests, and LOS but also did not negatively impact on outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dhiraj M. Shah
- Institute for Vascular Health and Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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29
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Hachey KJ, Sterbling H, Choi DS, Pinjic E, Hewes PD, Munoz J, McAneny D, Tripodis Y, Fernando HC, Litle VR. Prevention of Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in Thoracic Surgical Patients: Implementation and Evaluation of a Caprini Risk Assessment Protocol. J Am Coll Surg 2016; 222:1019-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Larsson MK, Faka A, Bhat M, Imbeault S, Goiny M, Orhan F, Oliveros A, Ståhl S, Liu XC, Choi DS, Sandberg K, Engberg G, Schwieler L, Erhardt S. Repeated LPS Injection Induces Distinct Changes in the Kynurenine Pathway in Mice. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2243-55. [PMID: 27165635 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immune system has been recognized as a potential contributor to psychiatric disorders. In animals, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is used to induce inflammation and behaviors analogous to some of the symptoms in these disorders. Recent data indicate that the kynurenine pathway contributes to LPS-induced aberrant behaviors. However, data are inconclusive regarding optimal LPS dose and treatment strategy. Here, we therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of single versus repeated administration of LPS on the kynurenine pathway. Adult C57BL6 mice were given 0.83 mg/kg LPS as a single or a repeated injection (LPS + LPS) and sacrificed after 24, 48, 72, or 120 h. Mice receiving LPS + LPS had significantly elevated brain kynurenine levels at 24 and 48 h, and elevated serum kynurenine at 24, 48 and 72 h. Brain kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid were significantly increased at 24 and 48 h in mice receiving LPS + LPS, whereas serum kynurenic acid levels were significantly decreased at 24 h. The increase of brain kynurenic acid by LPS + LPS was likely unrelated to the higher total dose as a separate group of mice receiving 1.66 mg/kg LPS as single injection 24 h prior to sacrifice did not show increased brain kynurenic acid. Serum quinolinic acid levels were not affected by LPS + LPS compared to vehicle. Animals given repeated injections of LPS showed a more robust induction of the kynurenine pathway in contrast to animals receiving a single injection. These results may be valuable in light of data showing the importance of the kynurenine pathway in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Faka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Bhat
- Protein Biomarkers, Personalized Healthcare and Biomarkers Laboratories, Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Imbeault
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Goiny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Orhan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Oliveros
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - S Ståhl
- Translational Science Centre, Personalized Healthcare and Biomarkers Laboratories, Innovative Medicines, Science for Life Laboratory, AstraZeneca, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - X C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D S Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - K Sandberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Engberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Schwieler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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31
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Barlow BT, Oi KK, Lee YY, Carli AV, Choi DS, Bostrom MP. Outcomes of Custom Flange Acetabular Components in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty and Predictors of Failure. J Arthroplasty 2016; 31:1057-64. [PMID: 26742903 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Custom triflange acetabular components (CTAC) have become more popular in the treatment of Paprosky type IIIB defects with an average survivorship of 80% at 4 years. Many studies report survivorship of CTAC, but radiographic parameters of CTAC success or failure have not been previously reported. The purpose of the study was to assess radiographic and patient factors predictive of failure in CTAC. METHODS A retrospective review of 63 patients with >24 months of follow-up was completed. Continuous and categorical variables were compared between failed vs successful CTAC using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher exact test, respectively. RESULTS The failure rate of the CTAC was 13.5% over an average follow-up of 4.32 years (±2.94). Patients had a mean of 2 revisions (range, 0-11) before CTAC implantation. Compared with the contralateral hip center of rotation, the failed CTAC group tended to lateralize the hip center by a mean of 18.29 mm (±11.90 mm) compared to a mean of 9.86 mm (±11.89) in the intact group, although this did not reach statistical significance (P = .1029). The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index function score improved from 38.94 (±14.23) to 71.35 (±21.96) at most recent follow-up (P = .0002). The Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores were not significantly different between intact and failed CTAC groups. CONCLUSIONS CTAC tends to lateralize the hip center by approximately 1 cm, and there is a trend toward nearly 2 cm of lateralization in the small subset of failed CTAC. Future efforts should focus on medializing the hip center in CTAC to improve ingrowth and survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Barlow
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Kathryn K Oi
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Yuo-Yu Lee
- Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Alberto V Carli
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Mathias P Bostrom
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
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32
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Tran KD, Falcone MM, Choi DS, Goldhardt R, Karp CL, Davis JL, Galor A. Epidemiology of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: Recurrence and Chronicity. Ophthalmology 2016; 123:1469-75. [PMID: 27067924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A hospital-based epidemiology study to describe herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) prevalence and risk factors for recurrent and chronic disease. DESIGN Retrospective, hospital-based cohort study. PARTICIPANTS All patients evaluated in the Broward and Miami Veterans Administration Healthcare System (MIAVHS) during the study period. METHODS Retrospective medical record review of patients seen in the MIAVHS from January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2014, with a HZO clinical diagnosis. Assessment of the patient's clinical course was defined by the following: an acute episode of HZO was defined as quiescence of disease within 90 days of initial presentation, HZO recurrence was defined as any recurrent eye disease or rash 90 days or more after quiescence of disease was noted off therapy, and chronic HZO was defined as active disease persisting more than 90 days from initial presentation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Main outcome measures included the frequency of HZO with and without eye involvement, HZO recurrence rates, and risk factors for recurrent or chronic HZO. RESULTS Ninety patients with HZO were included in the study. The mean age at incident episode of HZO was 68±13.8 years (range, 27-95 years). Most patients were white (73%), immune competent (79%), and did not receive zoster vaccination at any point during the follow-up (82%). Patients were followed for a mean of 3.9±5.9 years (range, 0-33 years). The period prevalence of HZ in any dermatome was 1.1%, the frequency of HZ involving V1 (HZO) was 0.07%, and the frequency of HZO with eye involvement was 0.05%. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence rates for either recurrent eye disease or rash were 8%, 17%, and 25%, respectively. Ocular hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 4.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-16.5; odds ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% CI, 1.5-31.2) and uveitis (HR, 5.7; 95% CI, 1.7-19.0; OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 1.5-31.2) increased the risk of recurrent and chronic disease. CONCLUSIONS This study supports newer data indicating that a significant proportion of patients experience recurrent and chronic HZO. Further study is needed to guide preventative and therapeutic approaches to recurrent and chronic HZO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly D Tran
- Ophthalmology Service, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Daniel S Choi
- Ophthalmology Service, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Raquel Goldhardt
- Ophthalmology Service, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Carol L Karp
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Janet L Davis
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Anat Galor
- Ophthalmology Service, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
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Choi DS, Singh M, Zhou H, Milchak M, Monahan B, Hahm JI. Evaluation of polarization rotation in the scattering responses from individual semiconducting oxide nanorods. AIP Adv 2016; 6:045213. [PMID: 27158560 PMCID: PMC4841797 DOI: 10.1063/1.4948267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the interaction of visible light with the solid matters of semiconducting oxide nanorods (NRs) of zinc oxide (ZnO), indium tin oxide (ITO), and zinc tin oxide (ZTO) at the single nanomaterial level. We subsequently identify an intriguing, material-dependent phenomenon of optical rotation in the electric field oscillation direction of the scattered light by systematically controlling the wavelength and polarization direction of the incident light, the NR tilt angle, and the analyzer angle. This polarization rotation effect in the scattered light is repeatedly observed from the chemically pure and highly crystalline ZnO NRs, but absent on the chemically doped NR variants of ITO and ZTO under all measurement circumstances. We further elucidate that the phenomenon of polarization rotation detected from single ZnO NRs is affected by the NR tilt angle, while the phenomenon itself occurs irrespective of the wavelength and incident polarization direction of the visible light. Combined with the widespread optical and optoelectronic use of the semiconducting oxide nanomaterials, these efforts may provide much warranted fundamental bases to tailor material-specific, single nanomaterial-driven, optically modulating functionalities which, in turn, can be beneficial for the realization of high-performance integrated photonic circuits and miniaturized bio-optical sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37 & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37 & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hebing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37 & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Marissa Milchak
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37 & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Brian Monahan
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37 & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jong-In Hahm
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37 & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Imhauser CW, Sheikh S, Choi DS, Nguyen J, Mauro CS, Wickiewicz TL. Novel measure of articular instability based on contact stress confirms that the anterior cruciate ligament is a critical stabilizer of the lateral compartment. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:478-88. [PMID: 26241404 PMCID: PMC5131728 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Knee instability following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is common, compromising function, and causing cartilage and meniscal damage. In this study, instability at the level of the articular surfaces was characterized with a new measure: articular instability. Articular instability was defined as the change in location of the center of contact stress per unit of applied load. The effect of ACL-deficiency on articular instability was quantified in response to combined abduction and internal rotation moments simulating the clinical pivot shift, which recreates the sensation of instability. Eleven cadaver knees were loaded using a robotic manipulator and tibiofemoral contact stress was measured using a stress transducer. Sectioning the ACL led to pronounced articular instability on the lateral compartment in 4 of 11 knees. In these 4 knees articular instability increased posteriorly up to 403% and increased laterally up to 754%. Factors driving inter-specimen variations in articular instability might include articular morphology, ligamentous laxity, and the applied loads. This novel description of contact mechanics confirms that the ACL prevents sudden changes in the relative position of the lateral articular surfaces. It is applicable to any loading conditions and provides a unique measure to quantify the effects of ACL injury and reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl W. Imhauser
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021,Corresponding Author: Carl W. Imhauser, Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021, Telephone: (212) 606-1079, Fax: (212) 606-1490,
| | - Saad Sheikh
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021
| | - Daniel S. Choi
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021
| | - Joseph Nguyen
- Department of Biostatistics, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021
| | - Craig S. Mauro
- Burke & Bradley Orthopedics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center St. Margaret, 200 Medical Arts Building, Suite 4010, 200 Delafield Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15215
| | - Thomas L. Wickiewicz
- Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70 Street, New York, NY 10021
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Choi DS, Qian W, Davila-Gonzalez D, Ensor JE, Lantto J, Kragh M, Horak ID, Chang JC. Abstract P6-15-01: Triple negative breast cancer is vulnerable to Pan-HER, an antibody mixture simultaneously targeting EGFR, HER2 and HER3. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p6-15-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive subtype of cancer, lacking expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2 protein. Limited standard therapeutic options, absence of effective targeted therapies, and early metastatic spread have contributed to poor prognosis and outcomes associated with this disease. Although overexpression of EGFR has been reported in nearly 80% TNBC, EGFR-targeted therapy has yielded little clinical benefit, and the outcome is still under debate. In conjunction, we also found mixed effects of EGFR-targeted therapy on TNBC xenograft tumors despite significant target engagement, suggesting that tumor heterogeneity and compensating mechanisms may contribute to the variable drug responses to the EGFR-targeted therapy. Recently, we reported superior anti-cancer effects of Pan-HER, a mixture of antibodies targeting the HER family members EGFR, HER2 and HER3 on various types of cancer by overcoming drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity. To this end, we hypothesized that Pan-HER can effectively inhibit tumor growth in TNBC by inhibiting tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance.
Objective: The goal of this study is to test the effect of Pan-HER antibody mixture (Sym013) on tumor growth and recurrence of 14 patient-derived (PDX) TNBC orthotopic xenograft tumor models and to investigate molecular biomarkers which can predict drug response to Pan-HER.
Methods: We evaluated in-vivo anti-tumor effects of Pan-HER (50 mg/kg, i.p. three times/week, 10 doses in total for 3 weeks) over vehicle on tumor growth and tumor recurrence on 14 PDX TNBC models with known expression levels of EGFR and HER3 (n=3/group). HER family proteins and related downstream molecules (Akt, Erk, Stat3, FAK) in the tumor tissues were evaluated by Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry analysis. Additionally, using dCHIP and ingenuity pathway analysis, we compared microarray data from the tested cohorts and other TNBC PDX models with known HER family receptor status.
Results: We found that Pan-HER alone effectively inhibited tumor growth in all 14 PDX models and showed statistical significance (p=0.0103) when compared to the vehicle groups. Among these, one PDX model, BCM-3186, showed substantial tumor reduction and additional two (MC1 and BCM-4913) showed complete response with no recurrence after the last treatment of Pan-HER. The significant anti-tumor effects of Pan-HER were positively correlated with inhibition of phosphorylation and expression of EGFR, HER3, Akt, Erk, and FAK, but not Stat3, and this was consistent in all PDX models tested. Additionally, the microarray and the pathway enrichment analyses suggest that loss of PTEN expression and up-regulation of FAK and RAS pathways may be the predictive markers for the Pan-HER drug response in TNBC.
Conclusion: Our in-vivo data suggest that simultaneous targeting of the three HER family receptors is a potential new approach for treatment of TNBC. Further confirmation of our in-vivo results will warrant a phase I clinical trial and lend support to single agent Pan-HER as a viable treatment strategy for TNBC patients in the clinic.
Citation Format: Choi DS, Qian W, Davila-Gonzalez D, Ensor JE, Lantto J, Kragh M, Horak ID, Chang JC. Triple negative breast cancer is vulnerable to Pan-HER, an antibody mixture simultaneously targeting EGFR, HER2 and HER3. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-15-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- DS Choi
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - W Qian
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - D Davila-Gonzalez
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - JE Ensor
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - J Lantto
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - M Kragh
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - ID Horak
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - JC Chang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Symphogen A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
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Jackson JB, Choi DS, Luketich JD, Pennathur A, Ståhlberg A, Godfrey TE. Multiplex Preamplification of Serum DNA to Facilitate Reliable Detection of Extremely Rare Cancer Mutations in Circulating DNA by Digital PCR. J Mol Diagn 2016; 18:235-43. [PMID: 26752305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-specific mutations can be identified in circulating, cell-free DNA in plasma or serum and may serve as a clinically relevant alternative to biopsy. Detection of tumor-specific mutations in the plasma, however, is technically challenging. First, mutant allele fractions are typically low in a large background of wild-type circulating, cell-free DNA. Second, the amount of circulating, cell-free DNA acquired from plasma is also low. Even when using digital PCR (dPCR), rare mutation detection is challenging because there is not enough circulating, cell-free DNA to run technical replicates and assay or instrument noise does not easily allow for mutation detection <0.1%. This study was undertaken to improve on the robustness of dPCR for mutation detection. A multiplexed, preamplification step using a high-fidelity polymerase before dPCR was developed to increase total DNA and the number of targets and technical replicates that can be assayed from a single sample. We were able to detect multiple cancer-relevant mutations within tumor-derived samples down to 0.01%. Importantly, the signal/noise ratio was improved for all preamplified targets, allowing for easier discrimination of low-abundance mutations against false-positive signal. Furthermore, we used this protocol on clinical samples to detect known, tumor-specific mutations in patient sera. This study provides a protocol for robust, sensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Jackson
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James D Luketich
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arjun Pennathur
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenberg, Sweden
| | - Tony E Godfrey
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Frye MA, Nassan M, Jenkins GD, Kung S, Veldic M, Palmer BA, Feeder SE, Tye SJ, Choi DS, Biernacka JM. Feasibility of investigating differential proteomic expression in depression: implications for biomarker development in mood disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e689. [PMID: 26645624 PMCID: PMC5068585 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether proteomic profiling in serum samples can be utilized in identifying and differentiating mood disorders. A consecutive sample of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of unipolar (UP n=52) or bipolar depression (BP-I n=46, BP-II n=49) and controls (n=141) were recruited. A 7.5-ml blood sample was drawn for proteomic multiplex profiling of 320 proteins utilizing the Myriad RBM Discovery Multi-Analyte Profiling platform. After correcting for multiple testing and adjusting for covariates, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), hemopexin (HPX), hepsin (HPN), matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) and transthyretin (TTR) all showed statistically significant differences among groups. In a series of three post hoc analyses correcting for multiple testing, MMP-7 was significantly different in mood disorder (BP-I+BP-II+UP) vs controls, MMP-7, GDF-15, HPN were significantly different in bipolar cases (BP-I+BP-II) vs controls, and GDF-15, HPX, HPN, RBP-4 and TTR proteins were all significantly different in BP-I vs controls. Good diagnostic accuracy (ROC-AUC⩾0.8) was obtained most notably for GDF-15, RBP-4 and TTR when comparing BP-I vs controls. While based on a small sample not adjusted for medication state, this discovery sample with a conservative method of correction suggests feasibility in using proteomic panels to assist in identifying and distinguishing mood disorders, in particular bipolar I disorder. Replication studies for confirmation, consideration of state vs trait serial assays to delineate proteomic expression of bipolar depression vs previous mania, and utility studies to assess proteomic expression profiling as an advanced decision making tool or companion diagnostic are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street South West, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. E-mail:
| | - M Nassan
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - G D Jenkins
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Kung
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Veldic
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S E Feeder
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S J Tye
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - D S Choi
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Singh M, Zhuo X, Choi DS, Gonzalez LE, Wang J, Hahm JI. Effects of crystallographic facet-specific peptide adsorption along single ZnO nanorods on the characteristic fluorescence intensification on nanorod ends (FINE) phenomenon. Nanoscale 2015; 7:18813-26. [PMID: 26509316 PMCID: PMC4636451 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05354d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The precise effect of crystallographically discriminating biomolecular adsorption on the fluorescence intensification profiles of individual zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO NR) platforms was elucidated in this study by employing peptide binding epitopes biased towards particular ZnO crystal surfaces and isolating the peptides on given crystalline facets of ZnO NRs. Subsequently, the fluorescence emission profiles of the preferentially bound peptide cases on the basal versus prismic planes of ZnO NRs were carefully evaluated both experimentally and via computer simulations. The phenomenon of fluorescence intensification on NR ends (FINE) was persistently observed on the individual ZnO NR platforms, regardless of the location of the bound peptides. In contrast to the consistent occurrence of FINE, the degree and magnitude of FINE were largely influenced by the discriminatory peptide adsorption to different ZnO NR facets. The temporal stability of the fluorescence signal was also greatly affected by the selectively located peptides on the ZnO NR crystal when spatially resolved on different NR facets. Similarities and differences in the spatial and temporal fluorescence signal of the crystalline NR facet-specific versus -nonspecific biomolecular adsorption events were then compared. To further illuminate the basis of our experimental findings, we also performed finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) calculations and examined the different degrees of FINE by modelling the biased peptide adsorption cases. Our multifaceted efforts, providing combined insight into the spatial and temporal characteristics of the biomolecular fluorescence signal characteristically governed by the biomolecular location on the specific NR facets, will be valuable for novel applications and accurate signal interpretation of ZnO NR-based biosensors in many rapidly growing, highly miniaturized biodetection configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Choi DS, Seo JW, Yoon BK, Lee DY. Efficacy of Long-Term Post-Operative Oral Contraceptive Use for the Prevention of Endometrioma Recurrence in Adolescents. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2015; 22:S179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Choi DS, Singh M, Zhou H, Milchak M, Hahm JI. Scattering attributes of one-dimensional semiconducting oxide nanomaterials individually probed for varying light-matter interaction angles. Appl Phys Lett 2015; 107:151110. [PMID: 26549887 PMCID: PMC4608960 DOI: 10.1063/1.4933400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the characteristic optical responses of one-dimensional semiconducting oxide nanomaterials by examining the individual nanorods (NRs) of ZnO, SnO2, indium tin oxide, and zinc tin oxide under precisely controlled, light-matter interaction geometry. Scattering signals from a large set of NRs of the different types are evaluated spatially along the NR length while varying the NR tilt angle, incident light polarization, and analyzer rotation. Subsequently, we identify material-indiscriminate, NR tilt angle- and incident polarization-dependent scattering behaviors exhibiting continuous, intermittent, and discrete responses. The insight gained from this study can advance our fundamental understanding of the optical behaviors of the technologically useful nanomaterials and, at the same time, promote the development of highly miniaturized, photonic and bio-optical devices utilizing the spatially controllable, optical responses of the individual semiconducting oxide NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Sts., N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Sts., N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hebing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Sts., N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Marissa Milchak
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Sts., N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jong-In Hahm
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , 37th & O Sts., N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Costantini O, Choi DS, Kontaxis A, Gulotta LV. The effects of progressive lateralization of the joint center of rotation of reverse total shoulder implants. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2015; 24:1120-8. [PMID: 25601382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a renewed interest in lateralizing the center of rotation (CoR) in implants used in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of lateralization of the CoR on the glenohumeral joint contact forces, muscle moment arms, torque across the bone-implant interface, and the stability of the implant. METHODS A 3-dimensional virtual model was used to investigate how lateralization affects deltoid muscle moment arm and glenohumeral joint contact forces. This model was virtually implanted with 5 progressively lateralized reverse shoulder prostheses. The joint contact loads and deltoid moment arms were calculated for each lateralization over the course of 3 simulated standard humerothoracic motions. RESULTS Lateralization of the CoR leads to an increase in the overall joint contact forces across the glenosphere. Most of this increased loading occurred through compression, although increases in anterior/posterior and superior/inferior shear were also observed. Moment arms of the deltoid consistently decreased with lateralization. Bending moments at the implant interface increased with lateralization. Progressive lateralization resulted in improved stability ratios. CONCLUSIONS Lateralization results in increased joint loading. Most of that loading occurs through compression, although there were also increases in shear forces. Anterior/posterior shear is currently not accounted for in implant fixation studies, leaving its effect on implant fixation unknown. Future studies should incorporate shear forces into their models to more accurately assess fixation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Costantini
- Department of Biomechanics, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel S Choi
- Department of Biomechanics, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andreas Kontaxis
- Department of Biomechanics, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence V Gulotta
- Department of Biomechanics, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
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Singh M, Jiang R, Coia H, Choi DS, Alabanza A, Chang JY, Wang J, Hahm JI. Insight into factors affecting the presence, degree, and temporal stability of fluorescence intensification on ZnO nanorod ends. Nanoscale 2015; 7:1424-36. [PMID: 25504319 PMCID: PMC4285569 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We have carried out a combined experimental and simulation study identifying the key physical and optical parameters affecting the presence and degree of fluorescence intensification measured on zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO NR) ends. Previously, we reported on the highly localized, intensified, and prolonged fluorescence signal measured on the NR ends, termed fluorescence intensification on NR ends (FINE). As a step towards understanding the mechanism of FINE, the present study aims to provide insight into the unique optical phenomenon of FINE through experimental and simulation approaches and to elucidate the key factors affecting the occurrence, degree, and temporal stability of FINE. Specifically, we examined the effect of the length, width, and growth orientation of single ZnO NRs on the NR-enhanced biomolecular emission profile after decorating the NR surfaces with different amounts and types of fluorophore-coupled protein molecules. We quantitatively and qualitatively profiled the biomolecular fluorescence signal from individual ZnO NRs as a function of both position along the NR long axis and time. Regardless of the physical dimensions and growth orientations of the NRs, we confirmed the presence of FINE in all ZnO NRs tested by using a range of protein concentrations. We also showed that the manifestation of FINE is not dependent on the spectroscopic signatures of the fluorophores employed. We further observed that the degree of FINE is dependent on the length of the NR with longer NRs showing increased levels of FINE. We also demonstrated that vertically oriented NRs exhibit much stronger fluorescence intensity at the NR ends and a higher level of FINE than the laterally oriented NRs. Additionally, we employed finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods to understand the experimental outcomes and to promote our understanding of the mechanism of FINE. Particularly, we utilized the electrodynamic simulations to examine both near-field and far-field emission characteristics when considering various scenarios of fluorophore locations, polarizations, spectroscopic characteristics, and NR dimensions. Our efforts may provide deeper insight into the unique optical phenomenon of FINE and further be beneficial to highly miniaturized biodetection favoring the use of single ZnO NRs in low-volume and high-throughput protein assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC, 20057 USA.
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Karpyak VM, Biernacka JM, Geske JR, Jenkins GD, Cunningham JM, Rüegg J, Kononenko O, Leontovich AA, Abulseoud OA, Hall-Flavin DK, Loukianova LL, Schneekloth TD, Skime MK, Frank J, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Kiefer F, Mann KF, Weinshilboum RM, Frye MA, Choi DS. Genetic markers associated with abstinence length in alcohol-dependent subjects treated with acamprosate. Transl Psychiatry 2014; 4:e462. [PMID: 25290263 PMCID: PMC4350512 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acamprosate supports abstinence in some alcohol-dependent subjects, yet predictors of response are unknown. To identify response biomarkers, we investigated associations of abstinence length with polymorphisms in candidate genes in glycine and glutamate neurotransmission pathways and genes previously implicated in acamprosate response. Association analyses were conducted in the discovery sample of 225 alcohol-dependent subjects treated with acamprosate for 3 months in community-based treatment programs in the United States. Data from 110 alcohol-dependent males treated with acamprosate in the study PREDICT were used for replication of the top association findings. Statistical models were adjusted for relevant covariates, including recruitment site and baseline clinical variables associated with response. In the discovery sample, shorter abstinence was associated with increased intensity of alcohol craving and lower number of days between the last drink and initiation of acamprosate treatment. After adjustment for covariates, length of abstinence was associated with the GRIN2B rs2058878 (P=4.6 × 10(-5)). In the replication sample, shorter abstinence was associated with increased craving, increased depressive mood score and higher alcohol consumption. Association of abstinence length with GRIN2B rs2058878 was marginally significant (P=0.0675); as in the discovery sample, the minor A allele was associated with longer abstinence. Furthermore, rs2300272, which is in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs2058878, was also associated with abstinence length (P=0.049). This is the first report of a replicated association of genetic markers with the length of abstinence in acamprosate-treated alcoholics. Investigation of the underlying mechanisms of this association and its usefulness for individualized treatment selection should follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Karpyak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 200 First Street South West, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. E-mail:
| | - J M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J R Geske
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - G D Jenkins
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Rüegg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - O Kononenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A A Leontovich
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - O A Abulseoud
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - D K Hall-Flavin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - L L Loukianova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T D Schneekloth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M K Skime
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M M Nöthen
- Department of Genomics Life and Brain Research Centre, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - F Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - K F Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - R M Weinshilboum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - D S Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Min JH, Cho JU, An BH, Choi DS, Kimlr YK. Magnetic nanodiscs fabricated from multilayered nanowires. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:7923-7928. [PMID: 25942895 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.9437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple, high throughput synthesis method of producing magnetic nanodiscs, in which the diameter and thickness are easily controlled. This method consists of two steps: (1) Electrodeposition for growing multilayered nanowires and (2) Selective etching of sacrificial layers. The electrodeposition step results in a bundle of multilayered nanowires. The nanowires consist of alternating layers of magnetic (e.g., Co) and sacrificial materials (e.g., Cu) inside the nanometer-sized pores of an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template. The diameter of each layer is determined by pore size, while the thickness is controlled by electrodeposition time. The selective wet etching step removes sacrificial layers, leaving the magnetic nanodiscs. Through this process, the magnetic nanodiscs are fabricated with aspect ratios ranging from 0.25 to 2.0.
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Choi DS, Joh DY, Lee T, Milchak M, Zhou H, Kang Y, Hahm JI. Position- and orientation-controlled polarized light interaction of individual indium tin oxide nanorods. Appl Phys Lett 2014; 104:083112. [PMID: 24753625 PMCID: PMC3977747 DOI: 10.1063/1.4866794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We have systematically investigated the position, orientation, and polarization angle dependence of scattered light from well-characterized, indium tin oxide nanorods (ITO NRs) upon illumination with monochromatic light. Scattering signals from individual ITO NRs of horizontal and vertical configurations are probed quantitatively by examining signal response with respect to the analyzer angle and position along the length of the NR. Our efforts can be highly beneficial in providing fundamental understanding for the light interaction behavior of ITO NRs. Our results can provide valuable bases for comprehending optical emission from individual NRs, with their ever-growing applications in optoelectronics, photonics, and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Daniel Y Joh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Thomas Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Marissa Milchak
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hebing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Yongkoo Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jong-In Hahm
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. N.W., Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Choi DS, Djalilian A. Oral azithromycin combined with topical anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children. J AAPOS 2013; 17:112-3. [PMID: 23360914 PMCID: PMC3703820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We report 3 children referred for recurrent blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, despite the application of topical antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatments. Oral azithromycin combined with anti-inflammatory treatment was effective in controlling the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Tanei T, Rodriguez AA, Dobrolecki L, Choi DS, Landis M, Chang JC. Abstract P5-03-03: Antitumor Activity and Cancer Stem Cells Effect of Cetuximab in Combination with Ixabepilone in Triple Negative Breast Cancers (TNBC). Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p5-03-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: The ErbB family, including EGFR, has been demonstrated to play key roles in metastasis, tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, and drug resistance. Recently, these characteristics have been linked to a small subpopulation of cells classified as cancer stem cells (CSCs) which are believed to be responsible for tumor initiation and maintenance. Ixabepilone is the microtubule-stabilizing agent has been expected to be more sensitive than the conventional taxanes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the EGFR monoclonocal antibody cetuximab, in combination with ixabepilone is a more effective treatment, and kill cancer stem cells more effectively as compared to chemotherapy alone in TNBC.
Experimental Design and Results: Breast CSC populations were evaluated with FACS analysis (CD44+ and CD24−/low, or Aldefluor+) and mammosphere formation efficiency (MSFE). In vitro, we demonstrated that in triple negative cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and SUM159), cancer stem cell populations were decreased after treatment of cetuximab, or cetuximab plus ixabepilone. In vivo, cetuximab in combination with ixabepilone treatment caused significant tumor regression (cetuximab vs. cetuximab+ ixabepilone; tumor volume fold change P <0.05 (MDA-MB-231), P <0.0001 (SUM159) in triple negative breast cancer xenografts. Thus, cetuximab decreased CSC population in xenograft tumors. Decrease in autophagy (LC3b, p62 and autophagosomes) were seen in cetuximab-treated tumors.
Conclusions: These studies demonstrate that cetuximab in combination with ixabepilone is more effective than chemotherapy alone in TNBC by affecting CSCs, as well as bulk tumor. These data support a neoadjuvant phase II study comparing ixabepilone vs. ixabepilone +cetuximab in TNBC patients.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tanei
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - AA Rodriguez
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - L Dobrolecki
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - DS Choi
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - M Landis
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - JC Chang
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX
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Lee GW, Kim JY, Koh EH, Kang D, Choi DS, Maeng KY, Lee JS. Plasma human mammaglobin mRNA associated with poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:4034-42. [PMID: 23212340 DOI: 10.4238/2012.november.28.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Different treatment outcomes and prognoses in patients with breast cancer can be observed with similar clinical predictors; this is because the biology of breast cancer is complex and heterogenous, involving multiple unknown contributing factors. We looked for plasma human mammaglobin (hMAM) mRNA by RT-PCR in 82 Korean patients with breast cancer to determine if there is an association between the presence of plasma hMAM mRNA in these patients and known prognostic factors. The prognostic usefulness of detection of plasma hMAM mRNA expression in these patients was also evaluated by determining overall survival and event-free survival. A significant difference was observed in the rate of positivity of plasma hMAM mRNA between the early stages of cancer (stages I-II, 23.4%) and advanced stages (stages III-IV, 82.9%). The expression rates of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER-2/neu in the breast tissue of these patients, by immunohistochemistry, were 69.5, 75.6, and 20.7%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, plasma hMAM expression was significantly correlated with high histological and nuclear grades, nodal metastasis, and negative estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. Patients negative for plasma hMAM mRNA had significantly higher rates of event-free survival compared to the patients positive for plasma hMAM mRNA. However, no significant association with overall survival was observed for expression of plasma hMAM mRNA (P = 0.16). Qualitative detection of plasma hMAM mRNA appears to be associated with unfavorable prognostic factors and lower rates of event-free survival in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-W Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Chilamdong, Jinju, South Korea
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Kim JM, Song RK, Kim MJ, Lee DY, Jang HR, Kwon CHD, Huh WS, Kim GS, Kim SJ, Choi DS, Joh JW, Lee SK, Oh HY. Hormonal differences between female kidney transplant recipients and healthy women with the same gynecologic conditions. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:740-3. [PMID: 22483482 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND End-stage renal disease is associated with severe abnormalities in reproductive function. However, the abnormalities are reversed by successful kidney transplantation. The aim of the present study was to compare hormonal levels between recipients with successful kidney transplantations and healthy women with the same gynecologic conditions. METHODS The study group consisted of 31 women of reproductive age with end-stage renal disease who underwent successful kidney transplantation. The ratio of the control group, composed of healthy woman, to the study group was 3:1 matched for age and symptoms. RESULTS Abnormal bleeding (n = 14) and infertility were the most common gynecologic conditions in kidney transplant recipients. The levels of estrogen (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the study group were higher than in the control group, but the levels of progesterone (P4) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were lower in the study group than in the control group. There were no significant differences in prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone between the two groups. The incidence of infertility in patients who receive steroid was higher than those with no steroid use (P = .007). CONCLUSIONS Compared with healthy age- and symptom-matched women, female kidney transplant recipients have increased levels of E2 and FSH and decreased levels of P4 and LH. These differences in hormone profiles may predispose kidney transplant recipients to increased risk of gynecologic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kangnam-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Bae K, Na JB, Choi DS, Cho JM, Choi HC, Jeon KN, Park MJ, Choi HY, Kim JE, Chung SH. Contrast-enhanced MR cholangiography: comparison of Gd-EOB-DTPA and Mn-DPDP in healthy volunteers. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:1250-4. [PMID: 22553292 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/22238911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the biliary enhancement dynamics of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic-acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP) for contrast-enhanced MR cholangiography (MRC) in healthy subjects. METHODS 15 healthy volunteers underwent MRI at 1.5 T with volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination sequence. Each volunteer was scanned once for each contrast agent. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the liver parenchyma and common hepatic duct (CHD) and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of CHD to liver parenchyma were evaluated and compared before and at several time points (5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min) after injection of each agent. RESULTS SNR was significantly higher for Gd-EOB-DTPA than for Mn-DPDP in liver parenchyma after 5 min and in CHD after 15 min (p<0.05). CNR of CHD to liver parenchyma using Gd-EOB-DTPA showed an initial decrease at 5 min post-injection followed by a steep increase to a peak at 15 min post-injection. CNR using Mn-DPDP showed a steady increase to a peak at 15 min post-injection without an initial decrease. At 15 min, the value of CNR was significantly higher for Gd-EOB-DTPA than for Mn-DPDP (p<0.05). CONCLUSION For both contrast agents, CNR reached a peak at 15 min after contrast injection. At this time point, CNR of Gd-EOB-DTPA was significantly higher than that of Mn-DPDP. Therefore, Gd-EOB-DTPA may provide better contrast-enhanced MRC than Mn-DPDP at 15 min after contrast administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bae
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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