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Huo Y, Yao D, Guo H. Differences in aerosol chemistry at a regional background site in Hong Kong before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171990. [PMID: 38537818 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Restrictions on human-related activities implemented in Hong Kong to curb the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic provided an opportunity to investigate the anthropogenic impact on organic aerosols (OA) composition. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of online measurements of non-refractory submicron particulate matters (NR-PM1) at a regional background site in Hong Kong, covering the periods before the COVID-19 control (November 2018) and during the COVID-19 control (October to November 2020), to investigate changes in OA sources and formation mechanisms. Among the measured NR-PM1 components, organics were the most dominant species with an average percentage of 51.0 ± 0.5 %, exceeding pre-control levels of 44.0 ± 0.7 %. Moreover, 88 % of the organics were attributed to oxygenated OA (OOA). Diurnal variations of all bulk components in NR-PM1 consistently showed afternoon peaks, indicating photochemical processes during COVID-19 control. Similar to the pre-restriction period, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model showed that OOA was composed of three factors, including two less-oxidized oxygenated factors (LO-OOA1 and LO-OOA2) and one more-oxidized oxygenated factor (MO-OOA). The contribution of the LO-OOA2 factor remained small and stable during both sampling campaigns, which might imply background levels of OOA at this site. The formation of the two predominant components of organics (e.g., LO-OOA1 and MO-OOA) was further discussed. Compared with before control, observational evidence showed that the levels of MO-OOA exceeded LO-OOA1 during the control period, and the average concentration of odd oxygen (Ox = ozone + nitrogen dioxide) increased by 53 % during the COVID-19 control. Besides, the results showed that both LO-OOA1 and MO-OOA exhibited similar diurnal variations to Ox, and their concentrations generally enhanced with increasing Ox levels. This suggested that the formation of OOA was closely related to the photochemical oxidation processes when anthropogenic emissions were reduced. By correlating LO-OOA1 and MO-OOA with speciated OA markers, we found that the formation of LO-OOA1 remained associated with anthropogenic sources, while biogenic emissions contributed to the formation of MO-OOA during the COVID-19 control. Our findings highlight the interplay between emissions, atmospheric conditions, and aerosol composition, providing valuable insights to guide strategic decisions for future air quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Huo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dawen Yao
- School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Lv A, BianBaZhuoMa, DeQiong, DaWaZhuoMa, PuBuZhuoMa, Yao D, LangJiQuZhen, Lu Y, Cai L, DaZhen, Tang C, BianBaZhuoMa, Zhang Y, Yin J, Ding T, DaWaCang, Wu M, Chen Y, Li Y. Effect of COVID-19 infection on pregnant women in plateau regions. Public Health 2024; 229:57-62. [PMID: 38401193 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to explore the effect of COVID-19 infection on pregnant women in plateau regions. STUDY DESIGN Data from 381 pregnant women infected with COVID-19 who underwent prenatal examination or treatment at Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region between January 2020 and December 2022 and 314 pregnant women not infected with COVID-19 were retrospectively collected. METHODS The study participants were divided into an infected and non-infected group according to whether they were infected with COVID-19. Basic information (ethnicity, age, body mass index and gestational age [GA]), vaccination status, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and delivery outcomes were compared. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the influencing factors of ICU admission. RESULTS The results revealed significant differences in the GA, vaccination rate, blood pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, white blood cell (WBC) count, ICU admission rate, preeclampsia rate, forearm presentation rate, thrombocytopenia rate, syphilis infection rate and placental abruption rate between the two groups (P < 0.05). A univariate analysis showed that COVID-19 infection, hepatitis B virus infection, the WBC count and hypoproteinaemia were risk factors for ICU admission. The results of the multivariate analysis of the ICU admission of pregnant women showed that COVID-19 infection (odds ratio [OR] = 4.271, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 3.572-5.820, P < 0.05) was a risk factor for ICU admission and the WBC count (OR = 0.935, 95 % CI: 0.874-0.947, P < 0.05) was a protective factor for ICU admission. CONCLUSION Pregnant women are vulnerable to the adverse consequences of COVID-19 infection, and public health measures such as vaccination are needed to protect this population subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NO. 1 DaHua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - BianBaZhuoMa
- Lhasa People's Hospital, No. 1, Beijing Middle Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, PR China
| | - DeQiong
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - DaWaZhuoMa
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - PuBuZhuoMa
- Lhasa People's Hospital, No. 1, Beijing Middle Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, PR China
| | - D Yao
- Nyingchi People's Hospital, No. 11, Water Garden, Bayi Town, Bayi District, Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region, 860000, PR China
| | - LangJiQuZhen
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - Y Lu
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - L Cai
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - DaZhen
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - C Tang
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - BianBaZhuoMa
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - Y Zhang
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - J Yin
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - T Ding
- Women and Children's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, NO. 10 Chagu Avenue, Doilungdêqên District, Liuwu New Area, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 851414, PR China
| | - DaWaCang
- Tibet University Medical School, No. 10, Zangda East Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, PR China
| | - M Wu
- Tibet University Medical School, No. 10, Zangda East Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, PR China
| | - Y Chen
- Tibet University Medical School, No. 10, Zangda East Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, PR China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NO. 1 DaHua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
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Ikenaga H, Masuda T, Yamamoto A, Moriwake R, Yoshida K, Ishikawa T, Yao D, Ono A, Hiratsuka J, Tamada T. Influence of splenomegaly on aortic and liver parenchymal CT numbers during contrast-enhance CT in patients with cirrhosis. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:382-387. [PMID: 38150883 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To compare CT (computed tomography) values for enhancement of the abdominal aorta and liver parenchyma during dynamic contrast enhancement (CE) CT in cirrhotic patients with and without splenomegaly (SM). METHODS We considered 258 patients (83 males and 46 females for the splenomegaly group, and 83 males and 46 females for the control group) for this retrospective study. We measured CT values in the abdominal aorta and hepatic parenchyma during the hepatic arterial (HAP) and portal venous (PVP) phases. The aortic CE at HAP and the hepatic parenchymal CE at PVP were compared between the two groups. For success rate of scans, we also calculated the optimal CE rates (>280 HU in the abdominal aorta and >50 HU in the hepatic parenchyma) for each group. RESULTS In the SM group, the CE for abdominal aorta was decreased during the aortic phase for a dynamic CE-CT (p < 0.05). When evaluating the success rates, they were found to be 65.1 % and 58.9 % in the SM group and 81.4 % and 72.3 % in the non-SM group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The success rate of scans and CE for the abdominal aorta during the aortic phase exhibited a significant decrease during dynamic CE-CT scans on patients with SM. Patients with SM may have reduced diagnostic ability with typical contrast injection protocols. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE It may be necessary to change the injection rates and contrast medium volume during CE-CT depending on the presence or absence of SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ikenaga
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - T Masuda
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan.
| | - A Yamamoto
- Department of Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - R Moriwake
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - D Yao
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - A Ono
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - J Hiratsuka
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - T Tamada
- Department of Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki-city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Peng J, Zhang L, Wang L, Feng H, Yao D, Meng R, Liu X, Li X, Liu N, Tan B, Huang Z, Li S, Meng X. PD-L1 Inhibitors Combined with Thoracic Radiotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched, Real-World Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S127-S128. [PMID: 37784327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The CREST study showed that the addition of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) could improve the survival of extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), but whether TRT can bring survival benefit in the era of immunotherapy is controversial. This study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of adding TRT to the combination of PD-L1 inhibitors and chemotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS Thepatients who received PD-L1 inhibitors combined with platinum-based chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of ES-SCLC from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. According to whether they received TRT, they were divided into two groups, and the follow-up analysis was performed. Propensity score matching (PSM) in with a 1:1 ratio was performed to balance the baseline characteristics of the two cohorts. The endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. RESULTS A total of 211 patients with ES-SCLC were enrolled, of whom 70 (33.2%) patients received standard therapy plus TRT as first-line treatment, and 141 (66.8%) patients in the control group received PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy. After PSM, a total of 65 pairs of patients were enrolled in the analysis. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups of patients who received TRT and those who did not. In all patients, the median PFS (mPFS) in the TRT group and the non-TRT groupwere 9.5 months and 7.2 months, respectively, with HR = 0.60 (95% CI 0.41-0.87, p = 0.007). The median OS (mOS) in the TRT group was also significantly longer than that in the non-TRT group (24.1 months vs. 18.5 months, HR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.32-0.85, p = 0.009). Multivariable analysis showed that baseline liver metastasis and bone metastasis were independent prognostic factors for OS. In terms of safety, immunotherapy combined with thoracic radiotherapy increased the incidence of treatment-related pneumonia (p<0.001), most of which were grade 1-2. CONCLUSION This real-world study shows that adding TRT to durvalumab or atezolizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improves survival in ES-SCLC. It leads to more treatment-related pneumonia, but most of them can be relieved after symptomatic treatment. This treatment model deserves to be explored in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Department, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Baotou Cancer Hospital, Baotou, China
| | - H Feng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - D Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chaoyang Second Hospital, Chaoyang, China
| | - R Meng
- Department of Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Oncology Department, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China, Jinzhou, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - N Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - B Tan
- QILU HOSPITAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY, Jinan, China
| | - Z Huang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - S Li
- Department of Oncology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - X Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Peng J, Meng R, Liu X, Zhang L, Wang L, Feng R, Feng H, Huang Z, Yao D, Li X, Liu N, Tan B, Li S, Yu J, Meng X. 172P A Chinese multicenter, real-world study of PD-L1 inhibitors in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Bin X, Zhu C, Tang Y, Li R, Ding Q, Xia W, Tang Y, Tang X, Yao D, Tang A. Nomogram Based on Clinical and Radiomics Data for Predicting Radiation-induced Temporal Lobe Injury in Patients with Non-metastatic Stage T4 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:e482-e492. [PMID: 36008245 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To use pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics data with clinical data to predict radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (RTLI) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with stage T4/N0-3/M0 within 5 years after radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study retrospectively examined 98 patients (198 temporal lobes) with stage T4/N0-3/M0 NPC. Participants were enrolled into a training cohort or a validation cohort in a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics features were extracted from pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging that were T1-and T2-weighted. Spearman rank correlation, the t-test and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were used to select significant radiomics features; machine-learning models were used to generate radiomics signatures (Rad-Scores). Rad-Scores and clinical factors were integrated into a nomogram for prediction of RTLI. Nomogram discrimination was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis and clinical benefits were evaluated using decision curve analysis. RESULTS Participants were enrolled into a training cohort (n = 139) or a validation cohort (n = 59). In total, 3568 radiomics features were initially extracted from T1-and T2-weighted images. Age, Dmax, D1cc and 16 stable radiomics features (six from T1-weighted and 10 from T2-weighted images) were identified as independent predictive factors. A greater Rad-Score was associated with a greater risk of RTLI. The nomogram showed good discrimination, with a C-index of 0.85 (95% confidence interval 0.79-0.92) in the training cohort and 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.71-0.92) in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION We developed models for the prediction of RTLI in patients with stage T4/N0-3/M0 NPC using pre-treatment radiomics data and clinical data. Nomograms from these pre-treatment data improved the prediction of RTLI. These results may allow the selection of patients for earlier clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Bin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - C Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Y Tang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - R Li
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Ding
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Y Tang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - X Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - D Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - A Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Yu Y, Zhou W, Li Y, Wan W, Yao D, Wei X. Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Suggest That Nature Reserve Maintains Novel Haplotypes and Genetic Diversity of Honeybees (Apis cerana). RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422120146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Yao D, Guo H, Lyu X, Lu H, Huo Y. Secondary organic aerosol formation at an urban background site on the coastline of South China: Precursors and aging processes. Environ Pollut 2022; 309:119778. [PMID: 35841994 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) is an arduous task in atmospheric chemistry. In November 2018, a sampling campaign was conducted at an urban background site in Hong Kong for characterization of secondary air pollution. A high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer was used to monitor the compositions of non-refractory submicron particulate matters (NR-PM1), and multiple online instruments provided us with comprehensive auxiliary data. Organic aerosol (OA) constituted the largest fraction (43.8%) of NR-PM1, and 86.5% of the organics was contributed by the oxygenated OA (OOA, secondary components). Formation mechanisms of a dominant and more variable component of the less-oxidized OOA (labelled as LO-OOA1 in this study) and the more-oxidized OOA (MO-OOA) were explored. Based on the multilinear regression with molecular markers of OA (e.g., hydroxybenzonic acids and 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid), we presumed that anthropogenic organic compounds, especially aromatics, were the most likely precursors of LO-OOA1. MO-OOA correlated well with odd oxygen (Ox), and its concentration responded positively to the increase of liquid water content (LWC) in NR-PM1, indicating that the formation of MO-OOA involved photochemical oxidation and aqueous processes. It exhibited the best correlation with malic acid which can be formed through the oxidation of various precursors. Moreover, it was plausible that LO-OOA1 was further oxidized to MO-OOA through aqueous processes, as indicated by the consistent diurnal variations of MO-OOA to LO-OOA1 ratio and LWC. This study highlights the important roles of anthropogenic emissions and aqueous processes in SOA formation in coastal areas downwind of cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawen Yao
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiaopu Lyu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haoxian Lu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunxi Huo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Wu X, Liang S, Chen X, Hou J, Wang K, Wang D, An R, Zang A, Li X, Zhang B, Qu P, Duan W, Yu G, Wang D, Yan D, Wang J, Yao D, Wang S, Zhao W, Lou H. 555P TQB2450 injection combined with anlotinib hydrochloride capsule in the treatment of advanced, recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer: A multicohort, open label, multicenter phase II clinical trial - The TQB2450-II-08 trial. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Huo Y, Guo H, Lyu X, Yao D. Emission characteristics, sources, and airborne fate of speciated organics in particulate matters in a Hong Kong residence. Indoor Air 2022; 32:e13017. [PMID: 35347786 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of studies warn of the adverse health effects of indoor particulate matters (PM). However, little is known about the molecular compositions and emission characteristics of PM-bound organics (OM) indoors, a critical group of species with highest concentration and complexity in indoor PM. In a Hong Kong residence where prescribed activities were performed with normal frequency and intensity, we found that the activities significantly elevated not only the total concentration but also the fraction of OM in indoor PM. However, the concentration of the total PM-bound OM outdoors (10.3 ± 0.7 μg/m3 ) surpassed that for the indoor counterpart during the undisturbed period (8.2 ± 0.1 μg/m3 ), that is, period when there was no activity with high emission of PM but the residual effects of previous activities might remain. Emissions of indoor activities involving combustion or high-temperature processes significantly elevated the indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) ratios for a majority of organic species. In addition, gas-to-particle partitioning, secondary formation, carrying-over (residues of pollutants in the air), and re-emission also modulated the I/O ratios of some compounds. Chemically comprehensive emission profiles of speciated organics were obtained for 5 indoor activities in the residence. While the indoor contribution to PM-bound OM was estimated to be not higher than 13.1% during the undisturbed period, carrying-over and/or re-emission seemed to exist for certain compounds emitted from cigarette smoking and incense burning. This study enhances knowledge on emissions and airborne fate of speciated organics in indoor PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Huo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaopu Lyu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dawen Yao
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Brüggenjürgen B, Braatz F, Greitemann B, Drewitz H, Ruetz A, Schäfer M, Seifert W, Steinfeldt F, Weichold C, Yao D, Stukenborg-Colsman C. Experts' Perceived Patient Burden and Outcomes of Knee-ankle-foot-orthoses (Kafos) Vs. Microprocessor-stance-and-swing-phase-controlled-knee-ankle-foot Orthoses (Mp-sscos). Can Prosthet Orthot J 2022; 5:37795. [PMID: 37614478 PMCID: PMC10443469 DOI: 10.33137/cpoj.v5i1.37795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with neuromuscular knee-instability assisted with orthotic devices experience problems including pain, falls, mobility issues and limited engagement in daily activities. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyse current real-life burden, needs and orthotic device outcomes in patients in need for advanced orthotic knee-ankle-foot-orthoses (KAFOs). METHODOLOGY An observer-based semi-structured telephone interview with orthotic care experts in Germany was applied. Interviews were transcribed and content-analysed. Quantitative questions were analysed descriptively. FINDINGS Clinical experts from eight centres which delivered an average of 49.9 KAFOs per year and 13.3 microprocessor-stance-and-swing-phase-controlled-knee-ankle-foot orthoses (MP-SSCOs) since product availability participated. Reported underlying conditions comprised incomplete paraplegia (18%), peripheral nerve lesions (20%), poliomyelitis (41%), post-traumatic lesions (8%) and other disorders (13%). The leading observed patient burdens were "restriction of mobility" (n=6), followed by "emotional strain" (n=5) and "impaired gait pattern" (n=4). Corresponding results for potential patient benefits were seen in "improved quality-of-life" (n=8) as well as "improved gait pattern" (n=8) followed by "high reliability of the orthosis" (n=7). In total, experts reported falls occurring in 71.5% of patients at a combined annual frequency of 7.0 fall events per year when using KAFOs or stance control orthoses (SCOs). In contrast, falls were observed in only 7.2 % of MPSSCO users. CONCLUSION Advanced orthotic technology might contribute to better quality of life of patients, improved gait pattern and perceived reliability of orthosis. In terms of safety a substantial decrease in frequency of falls was observed when comparing KAFO and MP-SSCO users.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Brüggenjürgen
- Institute for Health Services Research and Technical Orthopedics, Orthopedic Department - Medical School Hannover (MHH) at DIAKOVERE Annastift Hospital, Hannover, Germany
| | - F. Braatz
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B. Greitemann
- RehaKlinikum Bad Rothenfelde, Klinik Münsterland, Bad Rothenfelde, Germany
| | - H. Drewitz
- Abteilung Orthetik, Otto Bock HealthCare Deutschland GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A. Ruetz
- Klinik für Konservative Orthopädie, Katholisches Klinikum Koblenz, Montabaur, Germany
| | - M. Schäfer
- Orthopädie-Technik, Pohlig GmbH, Traunstein, Germany
| | - W. Seifert
- Technische Orthopädie, Seifert Technische Orthopädie GmbH, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - F. Steinfeldt
- Fachklinik und Gesundheitszentrum, Johannesbad Raupennest GmbH & Co. KG, Altenberg, Germany
| | - C. Weichold
- Technische Orthopädie, Stiftung Orthopädische Universitätsklinikum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D. Yao
- Foot Department and Technical Orthopedics, Orthopedic Department - Medical School Hannover (MHH) at DIAKOVERE Annastift Hospital, Hannover, Germany
| | - C. Stukenborg-Colsman
- Foot Department and Technical Orthopedics, Orthopedic Department - Medical School Hannover (MHH) at DIAKOVERE Annastift Hospital, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Xing L, Fu TM, Liu T, Qin Y, Zhou L, Chan CK, Guo H, Yao D, Duan K. Estimating organic aerosol emissions from cooking in winter over the Pearl River Delta region, China. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118266. [PMID: 34610414 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cooking is an important source of organic aerosols (OA), particularly in urban areas, but it has not been explicitly included in current emission inventories in China. This study estimated the organic aerosol emissions from cooking during winter over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, China. Using the retrieved hourly cooking organic aerosol (COA) concentrations at two sites in Hong Kong and Guangzhou, population density, and daily per capita COA emissions, we determined the spatial and temporal distribution of COA emissions over the PRD region based on two approaches by treating COA as non-volatile (NVCOA) and semi-volatile (SVCOA), respectively. By using the estimated COA emissions and the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model, we reproduced the diurnal cycles of COA concentrations at the PolyU site in Hong Kong and Panyu site in Guangzhou. We also resolved the different patterns of COA between weekdays and weekends. The mean COA concentration during wintertime over the urban areas of the PRD region was 0.7 μg m-3 and 0.9 μg m-3 for the NVCOA and SVCOA cases, respectively, contributing 5.1% and 6.9% to the urban OA concentrations. The total COA emissions in winter over the PRD region were estimated to be 3.5 × 108 g month-1 and 3.8 × 108 g month-1 for the NVCOA and SVCOA cases, respectively, adding 34.8% and 37.8% to the total primary organic aerosol emissions. Considering COA emissions in the model increased the mean regional OA concentrations by 4.6% and 7.4% for the NVCOA and SVCOA cases, respectively. Our study therefore highlights the importance of cooking activities to OA concentrations in winter over the PRD region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xing
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tzung-May Fu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Institute of Sustainable Development, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tengyu Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chak K Chan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dawen Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keqin Duan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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13
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Zhou L, Liu T, Yao D, Guo H, Cheng C, Chan CK. Primary emissions and secondary production of organic aerosols from heated animal fats. Sci Total Environ 2021; 794:148638. [PMID: 34217089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cooking is an important source of primary organic aerosol (POA) in urban areas, and it may also generate abundant non-methane organic gases (NMOGs), which form oxidized organic aerosol (OOA) after atmospheric oxidation. Edible fats play an important role in a balanced diet and are part of various types of cooking. We conducted laboratory studies to examine the primary emissions of POA and NMOGs and OOA formation using an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) for three animal fats (i.e., lard, beef and chicken fats) heated at two different temperatures (160 and 180 °C). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) revealed that OOA formed together with POA loss after photochemical aging, suggesting the conversion of some POA to OOA. The maximum OOA production rates (PRs) from heated animal fats, occurring under OH exposures (OHexp) of 8.3-15 × 1010 molecules cm-3 s, ranged from 8.9 to 24.7 μg min-1, 1.6-14.5 times as high as initial POA emission rates (ERs). NMOG emissions from heated animal fats were dominated by aldehydes, which contributed 14-71% of the observed OOA. We estimated that cooking-related OOA could contribute to as high as ~10% of total organic aerosol (OA) in an urban area in Hong Kong, where cooking OA (COA) dominated the POA. This study provides insights into the potential contribution of cooking to urban OOA, which might be especially pronounced when cooking contributions dominate the primary emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tengyu Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Dawen Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunlei Cheng
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for on-Line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chak K Chan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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14
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Lyu X, Huo Y, Yang J, Yao D, Li K, Lu H, Zeren Y, Guo H. Real-time molecular characterization of air pollutants in a Hong Kong residence: Implication of indoor source emissions and heterogeneous chemistry. Indoor Air 2021; 31:1340-1352. [PMID: 33772878 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high health risks associated with indoor air pollutants and long-term exposure, indoor air quality has received increasing attention. In this study, we put emphasis on the molecular composition, source emissions, and chemical aging of air pollutants in a residence with designed activities mimicking ordinary Hong Kong homes. More than 150 air pollutants were detected at molecular level, 87 of which were quantified at a time resolution of not less than 1 hour. The indoor-to-outdoor ratios were higher than 1 for most of the primary air pollutants, due to emissions of indoor activities and indoor backgrounds (especially for aldehydes). In contrast, many secondary air pollutants exhibited higher concentrations in outdoor air. Painting ranked first in aldehyde emissions, which also caused great enhancement of aromatics. Incense burning had the highest emissions of particle-phase organics, with vanillic acid and syringic acid as markers. The other noteworthy fingerprints enabled by online measurements included linoleic acid, cholesterol, and oleic acid for cooking, 2,5-dimethylfuran, stigmasterol, iso-/anteiso-alkanes, and fructose isomers for smoking, C28 -C34 even n-alkanes for candle burning, and monoterpenes for the use of air freshener, cleaning agents, and camphor oil. We showed clear evidence of chemical aging of cooking emissions, giving a hint of indoor heterogeneous chemistry. This study highlights the value of organic molecules measured at high time resolutions in enhancing our knowledge on indoor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopu Lyu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunxi Huo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dawen Yao
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaimin Li
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haoxian Lu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yangzong Zeren
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Wang Y, Liu D, Chi H, Yao D, Luo W, Li Y, Chen S, Wu G. P59.06 Mutational Landscape and Differential Expression Analysis of Transcription Factors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Claaßen L, Ettinger S, Yao D, Lerch M, Stukenborg-Colsman C, Plaaß C. [Surgical procedures for the correction and stabilization of pes planovalgus]. Orthopade 2020; 49:968-975. [PMID: 33136193 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-020-03992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The medial column of the foot is a relevant factor of the pathogenesis of pes planovalgus. Crucial anatomic structures are the tibiocalcaneonavicular ligament complex, the naviculocuneiform joints, including the ossa cuneiformia, and the first tarsometatarsal joint. A combination of bony and soft tissue reconstructive techniques must, therefore, be taken into account when treating pes planovalgus. The present article presents stabilizing and correcting surgical procedures for the medial column of the foot, including basic anatomy and biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Claaßen
- Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - S Ettinger
- Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - D Yao
- Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - M Lerch
- Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - C Stukenborg-Colsman
- Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - C Plaaß
- Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
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17
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Lyu X, Guo H, Yao D, Lu H, Huo Y, Xu W, Kreisberg N, Goldstein AH, Jayne J, Worsnop D, Tan Y, Lee SC, Wang T. In Situ Measurements of Molecular Markers Facilitate Understanding of Dynamic Sources of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:11058-11069. [PMID: 32805105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the amount of organic aerosol (OA) is crucial to mitigation of particulate pollution in China. We present time and air-origin dependent variations of OA markers and source contributions at a regionally urban background site in South China. The continental air contained primary OA markers indicative of source categories, such as levoglucosan, fatty acids, and oleic acid. Secondary OA (SOA) markers derived from isoprene and monoterpenes also exhibited higher concentrations in continental air, due to more emissions of their precursors from terrestrial ecosystems and facilitation of anthropogenic sulfate for monoterpenes SOA. The marine air and continental-marine mixed air had more abundant hydroxyl dicarboxylic acids (OHDCA), with anthropogenic unsaturated organics as potential precursors. However, OHDCA formation in continental air was likely attributable to both biogenic and anthropogenic precursors. The production efficiency of OHDCA was highest in marine air, related to the presence of sulfur dioxide and/or organic precursors in ship emissions. Regional biomass burning (BB) was identified as the largest contributor of OA in continental air, with contributions fluctuating from 8% to 74%. In contrast, anthropogenic SOA accounted for the highest fraction of OA in marine (37 ± 4%) and mixed air (31 ± 3%), overriding the contributions from BB. This study demonstrates the utility of molecular markers for discerning OA pollution sources in the offshore marine atmosphere, where continental and marine air pollutants interact and atmospheric oxidative capacity may be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopu Lyu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Hai Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Dawen Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Haoxian Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Yunxi Huo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Wen Xu
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Incorporated, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Nathan Kreisberg
- Aerosol Dynamics Incorporated, Berkeley, California 94710, United States
| | - Allen H Goldstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John Jayne
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Incorporated, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Douglas Worsnop
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Incorporated, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Shun-Cheng Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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18
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Chu WL, Hao DF, Zhao JF, Feng G, Zhang HJ, Li T, Li SY, Chen ZQ, Zhao F, Yao D. [Clinical strategies for preservation of the exposed implant in chronic wounds and wound repair]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:484-487. [PMID: 32594708 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20190215-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical strategies for preservation of the exposed implant in chronic wounds and wound repair. Methods: From January 2016 to January 2019, totally 8 patients (4 males and 4 females, aged 10 to 73 years) sustaining postoperative chronic wounds with exposed implants were admitted to the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital. There were 2 cases of abdominal patch exposure after abdominal trauma surgery, 2 cases of titanium plate exposure post craniocerebral surgery, 3 cases of internal fixator exposure post orthopedic surgery, and 1 case of cerebrospinal fluid drainage tube exposure after craniocerebral surgery. The wound exudate was collected for bacterial culture on admission. On the basis of glycemic control and correction of anemia and hypoproteinemia, thorough wound debridement was performed as soon as possible and the wound area after debridement ranged from 2.0 cm×0.5 cm to 6.0 cm×5.0 cm. The wounds of 4 patients were immediately closed after debridement, including 1 case by primary closure, 1 case by primary closure after local filling of platelet rich plasma gel, and 2 cases by local flap transplantation, with flap size of 10.0 cm×8.0 cm and 12.0 cm×8.0 cm, respectively. The donor sites of flaps were sutured directly and all the incisions were treated with continuous vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) after surgery. The other 4 patients were treated with continuous VSD after debridement to improve the wound bed. The wound of 1 case healed gradually, 1 case received direct wound suturing, and the wounds of 2 cases were repaired with thin split-thickness skin grafts from the thigh or the head. The results of bacterial culture of wound exudate on admission, wound healing post surgery, and follow-up were observed and recorded. Results: The bacterial culture of wound exudate on admission was positive in 6 patients, and 10 strains of bacteria were isolated with Staphylococcus epidermidis as the main pathogen. All the skin grafts or flaps of patients survived post surgery, with the incisions and wounds healed and all the implants preserved. After 1 to 3 years of follow-up, no recurrence of wound was found in any patient. Conclusions: The postoperative chronic wounds with exposed implants can be closed in primary stage by direct suturing or flap transplantation if it is clean enough on the basis of thorough debridement. The wounds with large defects or serious infection can be treated with continuous VSD firstly and then closed with direct suturing or skin grafting for delayed wound closure, thereby to reach the treatment goal of preserving the implants and repairing the wounds simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Chu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - D F Hao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - J F Zhao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - G Feng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - H J Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - S Y Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Z Q Chen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - F Zhao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - D Yao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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Yao D, Chieng L, Chiang R. 0450 Screening Method for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome by Patients’ Exhalant with TD-GC-MS System. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Human exhaled breath test is getting more important for non-invasive health monitoring and detecting method nowadays. The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is often difficult to be confirmed from the daytime presentation and usually need the overnight polysomnography. The methods for OSAS screening are therefore potentials for the clinical practice in the near future.
Methods
In this research, a method of thermal desorption (TD) tendon with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system has been developed for screeing of OSAS patients. We detected the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the special designed experimental bags which collected exhaled gas. Then we compared the VOCs from normal control and OSAS group in order to find out the biomarkers which could be used to screen OSAS patients. Furthermore, the Reliable Number(N) was used to see how often the VOC identified in all the experients in OSAS group and was defined as the times of a single VOC identified devided by the times of total experiment in a single OSAS patient.
Results
While the reliable number been set as ≥50%, we found 8 VOC markers, including Pentane and Cyclopentyl acetylene, appeared more often in OSAS patients. When we raise N to ≥70%, we have only 3 markers remaining.
Conclusion
Based on this result, we utilize the artificial intelligence method, deep learning, to figure out whether the peak intensity of different biomarkers are related to the severity of OSAS.
Support
Thanks for Da-Jeng Yao Lab’s support
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yao
- National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, TAIWAN
| | - L Chieng
- National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, TAIWAN
| | - R Chiang
- China Medical University, Taichung, TAIWAN
- International Sleep Science Technology Association (ISSTA), Berlin, GERMANY
- Innovative Medical and Health Technology Center (IMHTC) Asia-Pacific Branch, Taipei, TAIWAN
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20
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Wu GD, Xiao YG, Fang FY, Yao D, Liu J, Cao YH, Mao Y, Yu B, Yao TR, Wu YM, Qian YH, Yu DH. Monitoring of lung malignant epithelial cells by gene methylation analysis in the conditionally reprogrammed cell cultures. Neoplasma 2020; 67:692-699. [PMID: 32202907 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2020_190730n690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Conditionally reprogrammed cell (CRC) technology is an effective method for culturing primary malignant cells and non-malignant epithelial cells in vitro. This can be useful for precision medicine applications, such as drug sensitivity assays. However, this approach is commonly hindered by the non-specific growth of non-malignant epithelial cells in CRC cultures and the lack of effective biomarkers/assays to distinguish them from primary tumor cells. In this study, we developed a DNA methylation-based, real-time PCR assay to investigate SHOX2 and PTGER4 gene promoters as sensitive markers for human lung cancer. We first found that in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) malignant lung samples, 90% (28/31) had increased SHOX2 and/or PTGER4 promoter methylation as compared with their adjacent non-malignant samples. We then applied this assay to fresh surgical tumors and found increased SHOX2 and/or PTGER4 promoter methylation in 80% (20/25) of tumor samples as compared with their corresponding adjacent non-malignant tissues. Increased methylation of SHOX2 or PTGER4 promoter regions was also detected in 52% (13/25) of CRC cultures. The presence of malignant cells was confirmed by growth in soft agar cultures, a hallmark of malignant transformation, as well by EGFR mutation analysis. These results demonstrate that SHOX2 and PTGER4 promoter methylation levels can be used to detect malignant lung epithelial cells in CRC cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - F Y Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - D Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Liu
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y H Cao
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Mao
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - B Yu
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - T R Yao
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y M Wu
- Department of Histopathology, Xiaolan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Y H Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - D H Yu
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
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Shi Y, Qin Y, Zhao S, Hu P, Zeng X, Zhang X, Jiang W, Liu S, Liu E, Chai K, Luk A, Yao D. A population pharmacokinetic model: Assessment of pharmacokinetic similarity of HLX01 and rituximab in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hounsa A, Yao D, Attia AR, Gokpéya M, Sackou KJ, Kouadio L. Asymptomatic malaria: building bridges with communities through patients in Côte d’Ivoire. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In malaria-endemic areas, asymptomatic carriers are a reservoir of parasites that contribue to the persistence of malaria transmission. In Côte d’Ivoire, this situation is poorly documented. The objective of our study was to assess the frequency and socio-environmental factors associated with asymptomatic malaria in the town of Assuefry, located in the northeast of Côte d’Ivoire, a region where malaria prevalence remains high.
Methods
A cross-sectional study in two stages was conducted from October to December 2018, first at the Urban Health Center (UHC) in Assuefry and then in the households. The sample size calculated for patients was 162 extrapolated to 201 people. All persons received at the CSU who had clinical symptoms of malaria and a positive Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) were included. In the households of these index subjects, a follow-up survey allowed active RDT screening for malaria among all household members with no clinical signs of malaria. The socio-environmental factors taken into account were: the area of residence (urban or peri-urban), domestic animals husbandry, water storage at home, nearby garbage dump, wastewater collection and disposal system, type of housing and number of people in the household.
Results
The frequency of asymptomatic malaria was 341 (38.8%) out of 879 household members visited. Both female and male gender was concerned (51% vs. 49%). The 5 to 25 years old group concentrated nearly 82% of all cases. Only domestic animals husbandry was associated with asymptomatic malaria at the household level (p = 0.021).
Conclusions
The high frequency of asymptomatic malaria found in this study is a challenge for the National Malaria Control Program in Côte d’Ivoire. This should be taken into account while organizing control strategies.
Key messages
The frequency of asymptomatic malaria in Côte d’Ivoire is high. Control strategies must take into account in the guidelines the challenges of detecting and treating asymptomatic malaria. For the judicious use of antimalarial drugs, any subject with a positive RDT without clinical signs of malaria should receive a ‘Drop - Thick’ before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hounsa
- Public Health Department Hydrology Toxicology, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - D Yao
- Public Health Department Hydrology Toxicology, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
- Assuefry Urban Health Centre, Tanda Health District, Assuefry, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - A R Attia
- Public Health Department Hydrology Toxicology, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - M Gokpéya
- Public Health Department Hydrology Toxicology, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - K J Sackou
- Public Health Department Hydrology Toxicology, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - L Kouadio
- Public Health Department Hydrology Toxicology, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
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Zeng L, Fan GJ, Lyu X, Guo H, Wang JL, Yao D. Atmospheric fate of peroxyacetyl nitrate in suburban Hong Kong and its impact on local ozone pollution. Environ Pollut 2019; 252:1910-1919. [PMID: 31227349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important reservoir of atmospheric nitrogen, modulating reactive nitrogen cycle and ozone (O3) formation. To understand the origins of PAN, a field measurement was conducted at Tung Chung site (TC) in suburban Hong Kong from October to November 2016. The average level of PAN was 0.63 ± 0.05 ppbv, with a maximum of 7.30 ppbv. Higher PAN/O3 ratio (0.043-0.058) was captured on episodes, i.e. when hourly maximum O3 exceeded 80 ppbv, than on non-episodes (0.01), since O3 production was less efficient than PAN when there was an elevation of precursors (i.e. volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxide (NOx)). Model simulations revealed that oxidations of acetaldehyde (65.3 ± 2.3%), methylglyoxal (MGLY, 12.7 ± 1.2%) and other oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) (8.0 ± 0.6%), and radical cycling (12.2 ± 0.8%) were the major production pathways of peroxyacetyl (PA) radical, while local PAN formation was controlled by both VOCs and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Among all VOC species, carbonyls made the highest contribution (59%) to PAN formation, followed by aromatics (26%) and biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) (10%) through direct oxidation/decomposition. Besides, active VOCs (i.e. carbonyls, aromatics, BVOCs and alkenes/alkynes) could stimulate hydroxyl (OH) production, thus indirectly facilitating the PAN formation. Apart from primary emissions, carbonyls were also generated from oxidation of first-generation precursors, i.e., hydrocarbons, of which xylenes contributed the most to PAN production. Furthermore, PAN formation suppressed local O3 formation at a rate of 2.84 ppbv/ppbv, when NO2, OH and hydroperoxy (HO2) levels decreased and nitrogen monoxide (NO) value enhanced. Namely, O3 was reduced by 2.84 ppbv per ppbv PAN formation. Net O3 production rate was weakened (∼36%) due to PAN photochemistry, so as each individual production and loss pathway. The findings advanced our knowledge of atmospheric PAN and its impact on O3 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewei Zeng
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Gang-Jie Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - Xiaopu Lyu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - Dawen Yao
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fleming
- College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - H Greene
- School of Law, University of Connecticut, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - G Li
- College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Marx
- Questrom School of Business, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Yao
- Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Yao D, Stukenborg-Colsman C, Ettinger S, Claassen L, Plaass C, Martinelli N, Daniilidis K. Subjective outcome following neurostimulator implantation as drop foot therapy due to lesions in the central nervous system-midterm results. Musculoskelet Surg 2019; 104:93-99. [PMID: 31054081 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-019-00604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drop foot can be caused by many conditions. Stroke is one of the major causes of drop foot and 5% of stroke survivors suffer from hemiplegia, which in some cases, can manifest as drop foot. The abnormal gait resulting from the lack of innervation of the extensor muscles may result in a secondary malposition of the foot and lead to a steppage gait. Among the several therapy options for the treatment of drop foot, functional electrostimulation (FES) with a transcutaneous peroneal nerve stimulator (tPNS) or an implantable peroneal nerve stimulator (iPNS) represents the two recent approaches. OBJECTIVE Although therapy with an iPNS has been proven to be effective, a subjective patient assessment has not yet been executed. The aim of this study was to assess the patient's satisfaction with the therapy by using two established surveys. METHODS The Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) and the Reintegration to Normal Life Index (RNLI) were used for this retrospective study. The RMI includes 15 questions which are to be answered as either "yes" or "no" and given a value of 1 or 0, respectively, with a maximum of 15 points possible. The RNLI includes 11 questions which are to be answered with the use of a visual analog scale (VAS, 0 to 10 cm). In this case, a maximum adjusted score of 100 points is possible. RESULTS The total study cohort involved 56 patients treated with an iPNS. Thirty-five complete data sets for the RMI and 29 for the RNLI could be achieved. A significant difference in the total score of both surveys was observed between the deactivated and the activated iPNS (RMI: p = 0.02; RNL: p = 0.01). CONCLUSION A significant improvement in patient satisfaction was detected with the use of an activated iPNS after a mean time span of 4 years. Due to the marked mobility, an increase in the social satisfaction and integration could be achieved. Both aspects represent essential components for the recovery and quality of life of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Diakovere Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Strasse 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - C Stukenborg-Colsman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Diakovere Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Strasse 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Ettinger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Diakovere Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Strasse 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - L Claassen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Diakovere Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Strasse 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - C Plaass
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Diakovere Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Strasse 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Martinelli
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi, 4, Milan, Italy
| | - K Daniilidis
- OTC - Orthopaedic Traumatology Centre Regensburg, Paracelsusstraße 2, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Liu T, Zhou L, Liu Q, Lee BP, Yao D, Lu H, Lyu X, Guo H, Chan CK. Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Urban Roadside Air in Hong Kong. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:3001-3009. [PMID: 30790521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Motor vehicle emissions are an important but poorly constrained source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Here, we investigated in situ SOA formation from urban roadside air in Hong Kong during winter time using an oxidation flow reactor (OFR), with equivalent atmospheric oxidation ranging from several hours to several days. The campaign-average mass enhancement of OA, nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium upon OFR aging was 7.0, 7.2, 0.8, and 2.6 μg m-3, respectively. To investigate the sources of SOA formation potential, we performed multilinear regression analysis between measured peak SOA concentrations from OFR and the concentrations of toluene that represent motor vehicle emissions and cooking OA from positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of ambient OA. Traffic-related SOA precursors contributed 92.3%, 92.4%, and 83.1% to the total SOA formation potential during morning rush hours, noon and early afternoon, and evening meal time, respectively. The SOA production factor (PF) was approximately 5.2 times of primary OA (POA) emission factor (EF) and the secondary particulate matter (PM) PF was approximately 2.6 times of primary particles EF. This study highlights the potential benefit of reducing secondary PM production from motor vehicle emissions in mitigating PM pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyu Liu
- School of Energy and Environment , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- School of Energy and Environment , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Qianyun Liu
- Division of Environment and Sustainability , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong , China
| | - Berto P Lee
- School of Energy and Environment , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Dawen Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China
| | - Haoxian Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China
| | - Xiaopu Lyu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China
| | - Hai Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China
| | - Chak K Chan
- School of Energy and Environment , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
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Yao D, Lyu X, Murray F, Morawska L, Yu W, Wang J, Guo H. Continuous effectiveness of replacing catalytic converters on liquified petroleum gas-fueled vehicles in Hong Kong. Sci Total Environ 2019; 648:830-838. [PMID: 30138883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate the concentrations of air pollutants in the atmosphere, an intervention program of replacing the converters of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fueled vehicles was implemented by the Hong Kong government between October 2013 and April 2014. Data of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other trace gases continuously monitored from September 2012 to April 2017 at a roadside site were used to evaluate the continuous effectiveness of the replaced catalytic converters on the reduction of air pollutants. The measurement data showed that LPG-related VOCs (propane and n/i-butanes) and several trace gases (CO, NO and NO2) decreased significantly from before to after the program (p < 0.01). To further assess the efficiency of the program, five periods covering before the program, during the program, 1st year after the program, 2nd year after the program and 3rd year after the program were categorized. The values of propane and n/i-butanes decreased from Period-1 (before the program) to Period-2 (during the program), and from Period-2 to Periods 3-5 (after the program) (p < 0.01). In addition, the reduction rates of propane and n/i-butanes remained high and constant in Periods 3-5, suggesting that either had the vehicle owners themselves routinely replaced the converters at suitable interval afterwards, or were their vehicles caught by a remote sensing program checking excessive emissions. Source apportionment analysis indicated that LPG-fueled vehicular emissions were the top contributor to ambient VOCs in the roadside environment while the VOCs emitted from LPG-fueled vehicles indeed decreased at a rate of 4.21 ± 2.38 ppbv/year (average ± 95% confidence interval) from Period-1 to Period-5 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the photochemical box model simulations revealed that the net negative contribution of VOCs and NOx emitted from LPG-fueled vehicles to O3 production strengthened at a rate of 1.9 × 10-2 pptv/day from Period-1 to Period-5 (p < 0.01). The findings proved the continuous effectiveness of the intervention program, and are of help to future control strategies in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawen Yao
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaopu Lyu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Frank Murray
- School of Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wang Yu
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
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28
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Peng JY, Zheng J, He JM, Jiang Y, Yao D, Chen X. [Diagnostic and epidemiological features of the first two HIV-2 indigenous infections in Hunan province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:1077-1081. [PMID: 30180431 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the diagnostic and epidemiological features of the first two HIV-2 indigenous cases in Hunan province. Methods: Blood samples from two individuals with "HIV antibody indeterminate" and HIV-2 specific band showed by HIV-1/2 western blotting method, were repeatedly collected and detected under HIV 1+2 strip immunoassay and PCR, in Changsha city, Hunan province, through March to November, 2017. An epidemiological survey was carried out at the same time. Results: Our findings showed that the two cases were sex partners, without histories of sexual contact with foreigners and the source of infection was unknown. Results from the HIV 1+2 antibody confirmation test showed that they were "HIV-2 antibody positive" . Through amplifying and sequencing the gag area of HIV-2 and BLAST, the similarity of HIV-2 strains presented as 98%. The results also showed that there were HIV-2 specific fragments in the two cases. Conclusion: HIV-2 indigenous cases had never been reported in China. These cases had brought new challenge on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Peng
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - J Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - J M He
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - D Yao
- Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410004, China
| | - X Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
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30
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Chen C, Pérez de Nanclares M, Kurtz JF, Trudeau MP, Wang L, Yao D, Saqui-Salces M, Urriola PE, Mydland LT, Shurson GC, Overland M. Identification of redox imbalance as a prominent metabolic response elicited by rapeseed feeding in swine metabolome. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:1757-1768. [PMID: 29518202 PMCID: PMC6140949 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (RS) is an abundant and inexpensive source of energy and AA in diets for monogastrics and a sustainable alternative to soybean meal. It also contains diverse bioactive phytochemicals that could have antinutritional effects at high dose. When the RS-derived feed ingredients (RSF) are used in swine diets, the uptake of these nutrients and phytochemicals is expected to affect the metabolic system. In this study, 2 groups of young pigs (17.8 ± 2.7 kg initial BW) were equally fed a soybean meal-based control diet and an RSF-based diet, respectively, for 3 wk. Digesta, liver, and serum samples from these pigs were examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis to determine the metabolic effects of the 2 diets. Analyses of digesta samples revealed that sinapine, sinapic acid, and gluconapin were robust exposure markers of RS. The distribution of free AA along the intestine of RSF pigs was consistent with the reduced apparent ileal digestibility of AA observed in these pigs. Despite its higher fiber content, the RSF diet did not affect microbial metabolites in the digesta, including short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. Analyses of the liver and serum samples revealed that RSF altered the levels of AA metabolites involved in the urea cycle and 1-carbon metabolism. More importantly, RSF increased the levels of multiple oxidized metabolites and aldehydes while decreased the levels of ascorbic acid and docosahexaenoic acid-containing lipids in the liver and serum, suggesting that RSF could disrupt redox balance in young pigs. Overall, the results indicated that RSF elicited diverse metabolic events in young pigs through its influences on nutrient and antioxidant metabolism, which might affect the performance and health in long-term feeding and also provide the venues for nutritional and processing interventions to improve the utilization of RSF in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - M Pérez de Nanclares
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Os, Norway
| | - J F Kurtz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - M P Trudeau
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - L Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - D Yao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - M Saqui-Salces
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - P E Urriola
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - L T Mydland
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Os, Norway
| | - G C Shurson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN
| | - M Overland
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Os, Norway
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31
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Guo J, Hu Q, Faris RJ, Hung YT, Song Y, Yao D, Saqui-Salces M, Urriola PE, Shurson GC, Chen C. 337 Identification of Fecal Metabolites Associated with Fiber Exposure and Growth Performance in Growing-Finishing Pigs through Metabolomic Investigation. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Guo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - Q Hu
- Cargill Animal Nutrition, Elk River, MN
| | - R J Faris
- Cargill Animal Nutrition, Elk River, MN
| | - Y T Hung
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - Y Song
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - D Yao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - M Saqui-Salces
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - P E Urriola
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - G C Shurson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - C Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
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Abstract
Background The primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL), with a low incidence, was highly misdiagnosed in clinic. The present study analyzes the clinical features, laboratory and imaging data, pathologic characteristics, and summarizes misdiagnosis reasons of PPL cases, aims to provide a better understanding and increase the accuracy of early diagnosis and minimize the misdiagnosis of PPL. Methods The clinical data of 19 cases were collected from the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou medical university (PRC) from April 2010 to May 2016. All cases were confirmed by pathology. The process of misdiagnosis was described. This study retrospectively analyzed the incidence, clinical presentation, laboratory examination, Chest CT scan and diagnosis of the cases. Results The symptoms of the 19 cases were dyspnea, fever, hemoptysis, chest pain or physical findings without obvious symptoms. Five patients were pneumonia-like, nine patients had lung single nodule or mass and four patients got pleural effusion, which were reported by computed tomography (HRCT) scan. There were 2 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and 17 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In NHL cases, 12 cases were confirmed mucosa associated lymphoid tissue B lymphoma type, 3 cases were confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma were one case separately. Clinical and imaging manifestation of PPL is untypical, but there are still some hints: 1) Fuzzy shadow at the edge of lung mass with air bronchogram; 2) Lung mass shadow stable for a long time; 3) Pneumonia-like changing without infections clinical and lab manifestation. Thirteen patients (68.4%) were misdiagnosed as pneumonia, lung cancer and tuberculosis initially. The term between initial diagnosis and final diagnosis lasted for half a month up to 2 years, with median time of 6 months. Two cases were misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. One case was misdiagnosed as small cell lung cancer. Conclusion Clinical and imaging manifestation of PPL is untypical. Biopsies should be taken actively if the imaging findings don’t match the symptoms or the anti-infection treatments to “lung infection” don’t work. Accurate diagnosis requires adequate tissue sampling with appropriate ancillary pathologic studies. If clinical manifestation and the diagnosis don’t match, repeated biopsy should be ordered.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - L Zhang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - P L Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - X L Gu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Y F Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - L X Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - X Y Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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Jiang S, Luo C, Gong J, Peng R, Ma S, Tan S, Ye G, Dong L, Yao D. Aberrant Thalamocortical Connectivity in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Int J Neural Syst 2017; 28:1750034. [PMID: 28830309 DOI: 10.1142/s0129065717500344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional connectivity (FC) of thalamic subdivisions in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were acquired from 22 JME and 25 healthy controls. We first divided the thalamus into eight subdivisions by performing independent component analysis on tracking fibers and clustering thalamus-related FC maps. We then analyzed abnormal FC in each subdivision in JME compared with healthy controls, and we investigated their associations with clinical features. Eight thalamic sub-regions identified in the current study showed unbalanced thalamic FC in JME: decreased FC with the superior frontal gyrus and enhanced FC with the supplementary motor area in the posterior thalamus increased thalamic FC with the salience network (SN) and reduced FC with the default mode network (DMN). Abnormalities in thalamo-prefrontocortical networks might be related to the propagation of generalized spikes with frontocentral predominance in JME, and the network connectivity differences with the SN and DMN might be implicated in emotional and cognitive defects in JME. JME was also associated with enhanced FC among thalamic sub-regions and with the basal ganglia and cerebellum, suggesting the regulatory role of subcortical nuclei and the cerebellum on the thalamo-cortical circuit. Additionally, increased FC with the pallidum was positive related with the duration of disease. The present study provides emerging evidence of FC to understand that specific thalamic subdivisions contribute to the abnormalities of thalamic-cortical networks in JME. Moreover, the posterior thalamus could play a crucial role in generalized epileptic activity in JME.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Jiang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - C. Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - J. Gong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - R. Peng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - S. Ma
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Neurology Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, The affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - S. Tan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Neurology Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, The affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - G. Ye
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - L. Dong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - D. Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
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Stukenborg-Colsman C, Claaßen L, Ettinger S, Yao D, Lerch M, Plaaß C. [Distal osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus (Chevron osteotomy)]. Orthopade 2017; 46:402-407. [PMID: 28405710 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-017-3422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Distal osteotomies, like the Chevron osteotomy, is indicated for mild to moderate hallux valgus deformities. Splayfoot, painful pseudoexostosis, and transfer metatasalgia are observed in the clinical examination. Radiographic examination should be done with weight bearing in two planes. Preoperatively the intermetatarsal (IM), hallux valgus, and distal metatarsal articular (DMAA) angles should be measured. The operative technique is based on soft tissue and bony correction. Modifications of the osteotomy allow a shortening, lengthening, or neutral correction of the first metatarsal. With a modified Chevron osteotomy, an increased DMAA can be also corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Stukenborg-Colsman
- Department Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - L Claaßen
- Department Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Ettinger
- Department Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - D Yao
- Department Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - M Lerch
- Department Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - C Plaaß
- Department Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, DIAKOVERE Annastift, Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
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Kurtz JF, Chen C, de Nanclares MP, Trudeau M, Yao D, Saqui-Salces M, Urriola PE, Mydland LT, Shurson GC, Overland M. 258 Effects of rapeseed feeding on swine metabolome. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasmw.2017.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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36
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Yao D, Jakubowitz E, Tecante K, Lahner M, Ettinger S, Claassen L, Plaass C, Stukenborg-Colsman C, Daniilidis K. Restoring mobility after stroke: first kinematic results from a pilot study with a hybrid drop foot stimulator. Musculoskelet Surg 2016; 100:223-229. [PMID: 27585822 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-016-0423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Li H, Zuo M, Zhao X, Zhang B, Gelb A, Yao D, Xia D, Li M, Wang K, Wu L, Huang Y. Abstract PR589. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492969.38623.3d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38
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Wang MG, Huang XX, Yao D, An Q, Deng XQ. Effect of glucocorticoid combined with gamma globulin in treatment of children with myasthenia gravis and its effects on immune globulin and complement of children. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:2404-2408. [PMID: 27338067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discuss the effects glucocorticoid combined with gamma globulins in the treatment of children with myasthenia gravis and its effects on immune globulin and complement of children. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical data of 70 cases of childhood myasthenia gravis in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed. These cases were randomly divided into observation group and control group. For observation group, there were methylprednisolone and gamma globulins while the only methylprednisolone in the control group. The clinical effects and changes in immune globulin and complement of two groups were observed. RESULTS The total effective rate for observation group was 94.3% and 74.3% for the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) The time for relief of symptoms (6.55 ± 1.35 days) and total hospital stay (17.15 ± 3.65 days) in observation group was apparently shorter than the control group, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Glucocorticoid and gamma globulin can improve the symptoms and achieve satisfying clinical effects for the treatment of myasthenia gravis in children. Thus, it is valuable for further popularization and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-G Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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Qu J, Liu SY, Wang PW, Guan SY, Fan YG, Yao D, Zhang L, Dai JL. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the β-subunit gene in 7S globulin protein in soybean using RNAi technology. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7561. [PMID: 27173254 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to use RNA interference (RNAi) to improve protein quality and decrease anti-nutritional effects in soybean. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was conducted using RNAi and an expression vector containing the 7S globulin β-subunit gene. The BAR gene was used as the selective marker and cotyledonary nodes of soybean genotype Jinong 27 were chosen as explant material. Regenerated plants were detected by molecular biology techniques. Transformation of the β-subunit gene in the 7S protein was detected by PCR, Southern blot, and q-PCR. Positive plants (10 T0, and 6 T1, and 13 T2) were tested by PCR. Hybridization bands were detected by Southern blot analysis in two of the T1 transgenic plants. RNAi expression vectors containing the soybean 7S protein β-subunit gene were successfully integrated into the genome of transgenic plants. qRT-PCR analysis in soybean seeds showed a clear decrease in expression of the soybean β-subunit gene. The level of 7S protein β-subunit expression in transgenic plants decreased by 77.5% as compared to that of the wild-type plants. This study has established a basis for the application of RNAi to improve the anti-nutritional effects of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Qu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Y Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - P W Wang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Y Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y G Fan
- Changchun Boao Bio-Chemical Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - D Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - L Zhang
- Biotechnology Center of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J L Dai
- Biotechnology Center of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Wang YY, Wang MG, Yao D, Huang XX, Zhang T, Deng XQ. Comparison of impact on seizure frequency and epileptiform discharges of children with epilepsy from topiramate and phenobarbital. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:993-997. [PMID: 27010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the impact on seizure frequency and epileptiform discharges of children with epilepsy from topiramate (TPM) and phenobarbital (PB). PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred cases children with epilepsy from August 2010 to August 2013 in our hospital were sampled and randomly divided into two groups. The observation group was treated with TPM while the control group with PB, and then comparing seizure frequency, efficiency, and adverse reactions of two groups. RESULTS The reduced number of partial seizures, generalized seizures, and total seizures in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the rate of cure, markedly effective and total efficiency in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. However, the adverse reactions in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Thus, differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared with PB, TPM showed a better effect on epilepsy treatment with less adverse reactions which were worthy of clinical recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-Y Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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Kouassi B, Godé C, Ahui Brou J, Koffi M, Yao D, Horo K, Koné A, Samaké K, N’gom A, Koffi N, Itchy M. Atteintes pleuropulmonaires au cours des maladies systémiques. Rev Mal Respir 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2015.10.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Liu ZZ, Yao D, Zhang J, Li ZL, Ma J, Liu SY, Qu J, Guan SY, Wang DD, Pan LD, Wang D, Wang PW. Identification of genes associated with the increased number of four-seed pods in soybean (Glycine max L.) using transcriptome analysis. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:18895-912. [PMID: 26782540 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.28.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Seed number per pod is an important component of yield traits in soybean (Glycine max L.). In 2010, we identified a natural mutant with an increased number of four-seed pods from a soybean variety named 'Jinong 18' (JN18). Subsequent observations indicated that the trait was stably inherited. To identify and understand the function of genes associated with this mutant trait, we analyzed the genetic differences between the mutant (JN18MT01) and source variety (JN18) by transcriptome sequencing. Three types of tissues, axillary buds, unfertilized ovaries, and young pods at three different growth stages, V6, R1, and R3, were analyzed, respectively. The sequencing results yielded 55,582 expressed genes and 4183 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among these, the log2 ratio value of 162 DEGs was >10, and 13 DEGs had overlapping expression at three different growth stages. Comparisons of DEGs among three different growth stages yielded similar results in terms of the percentage of genes classified into each gene ontology (GO) category. DEGs were classified into 25 different functional groups in clusters of orthologous groups analysis. Proportions of the main functional genes differed significantly over developmental stages. A comparison of enriched pathways among the three developmental stages revealed that 646 unigenes were involved in 103 metabolic pathways. These results show that the development of four-seed pods is associated with a complex network involving multiple physiological and metabolic pathways. This study lays the foundation for further research on cloning and on the molecular regulation of genes related to the four-seed pod mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Liu
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - D Yao
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Zhang
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Z L Li
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J Ma
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Y Liu
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Qu
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Y Guan
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - D D Wang
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - L D Pan
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - D Wang
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - P W Wang
- Center for Plant Biotechnology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Kong W, Wang J, Ni X, Li Y, Mao Q, Yao D, Fan S, Chen Y, Cai Z, Li J. Transition of Decade in Short Bowel Syndrome in China: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:1983-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yao D, Liu ZZ, Zhang J, Liu SY, Qu J, Guan SY, Pan LD, Wang D, Liu JW, Wang PW. Analysis of quantitative trait loci for main plant traits in soybean. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:6101-9. [PMID: 26125811 DOI: 10.4238/2015.june.8.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Plant traits are important indices for regulating and controlling yield ability in soybean varieties. It is important to comprehensively study the quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for soybean plant traits, cloning related genes, and marker assistant breeding. In this study, 236 F2 generation plants and a derivative group were constructed by using Jiyu50 and Jinong18, obtained from Jilin Province. A total of 102 simple sequence repeat markers were used to construct a genetic linkage map. With 2 years of molecular and phenotypic data, QTL analyses and mapping were conducted for soybean maturity, plant height, main stem node, main stem branch, seed weight per plant, and more. Five main plant traits were analyzed via inclusive composite interval mapping using QTL IciMapping v2.2. Using one-dimensional scanning, a total of 30 QTLs were detected and distributed across 1 (A1), 4 (C2), and 12 (G). There were 9 linkage groups, including 16 major QTLs. Using two-dimensional scanning, 7 pairs of epistatic QTL interactions for maturity and plant height were detected in the soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yao
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Z Z Liu
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Zhang
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Y Liu
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Qu
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Y Guan
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - L D Pan
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - D Wang
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J W Liu
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - P W Wang
- Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Yang L, Zhou Z, Yao D, Xu W, Zhao H. ET-69 * SPECIFIC Wip1 INHIBITOR, CCT007093 ABROGATE CELL PROLIFERATION, MIGRATION AND INVASION INDUCED BY THE UVC RADIATION IN HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou255.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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46
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Zhang J, Yao D, Ma J, Fu YP, Qu J, Wang PW. Genetic analysis of the major gene plus polygene model in soybean resistance to Leguminivora glycinivorella. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:4983-9. [PMID: 25062486 DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the genetic characteristics of soybean Leguminivora glycinivorella resistance and to improve soybean resistance insectivorous breeding efficiency by applying the multi-generation joint analysis method of the major gene plus polygene model, 5 pedigrees and generations (P1, F1, P2, F2, and F2:3) were used as the materials to perform the soybean L. glycinivorella resistance multi-generation joint analysis. The results showed that soybean resistance to L. glycinivorella was controlled and inherited by an additive major gene plus additive, dominant polygene. The major gene had a negative additive effect (d = -0.1633). The combination of the anti-L. glycinivorella genes showed negative heterosis. Because the polygene additive effects were positive, the polygene effects would increase the insect herbivory rate in the F1 generation. This hybrid combination showed an insect herbivory rate polygenic heritability of 21.9556 and 54.3490% in the F2 and F2:3 pedigrees, which presented a high heritability. Therefore, it was appropriate to perform the selective breeding of the insect herbivory rate in the late generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - D Yao
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Ma
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y-P Fu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Qu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - P-W Wang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Zhang J, Yao D, Wang P, Guan SY, Ma J, Fu YP. Cloning and functional prediction of differentially expressed genes in the leaves of Glycine max parents and hybrids at the seedling stage. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:5474-83. [PMID: 24615101 DOI: 10.4238/2014.february.13.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we compare the molecular mechanism of soybean heterosis through the differential expression of basic cloning. Specifically, we cloned 22 differentially expressed cDNA fragments from hybrid combinations of Jilin 38 x EXP (which had obvious yield advantages) and their parents. In addition, we compared the homology of these fragments and predicted their functions. Cloning differentially expressed genes included the identification of the calmodulin binding protein, 18S ribosomal gene, 26S ribosomal gene, soybean satellite DNA, soybean acid phosphatase, soybean chlorophyll a/b-binding protein II (Cab-6) gene, soybean chloroplast PI 437654 gene, soybean PPR protein gene, and other fragments with unknown functions. In conclusion, the cloning and functional prediction of differentially expressed soybean genes in this study is anticipated to provide valuable information for studies on the molecular mechanism of heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- College of Agronomy of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - D Yao
- College of Agronomy of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - P Wang
- College of Agronomy of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - S Y Guan
- College of Agronomy of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - J Ma
- College of Agronomy of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Y P Fu
- College of Agronomy of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Chen SH, Lei M, Xie XH, Zheng LZ, Yao D, Wang XL, Li W, Zhao Z, Kong A, Xiao DM, Wang DP, Pan XH, Wang YX, Qin L. PLGA/TCP composite scaffold incorporating bioactive phytomolecule icaritin for enhancement of bone defect repair in rabbits. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:6711-22. [PMID: 23376238 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone defect repair is challenging in orthopaedic clinics. For treatment of large bone defects, bone grafting remains the method of choice for the majority of surgeons, as it fills spaces and provides support to enhance biological bone repair. As therapeutic agents are desirable for enhancing bone healing, this study was designed to develop such a bioactive composite scaffold (PLGA/TCP/ICT) made of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as a basic carrier, incorporating a phytomolecule icaritin (ICT), i.e., a novel osteogenic exogenous growth factor. PLGA/TCP/ICT scaffolds were fabricated as PLGA/TCP (control group) and PLGA/TCP in tandem with low/mid/high-dose ICT (LICT/MICT/HICT groups, respectively). To evaluate the in vivo osteogenic and angiogenic potentials of these bioactive scaffolds with slow release of osteogenic ICT, the authors established a 12 mm ulnar bone defect model in rabbits. X-ray and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography results at weeks 2, 4 and 8 post-surgery showed more newly formed bone within bone defects implanted with PLGA/TCP/ICT scaffolds, especially PLGA/TCP/MICT scaffold. Histological results at weeks 4 and 8 also demonstrated more newly mineralized bone in PLGA/TCP/ICT groups, especially in the PLGA/TCP/MICT group, with correspondingly more new vessel ingrowth. These findings may form a good foundation for potential clinical validation of this innovative bioactive scaffold incorporated with the proper amount of osteopromotive phytomolecule ICT as a ready product for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Abstract
Abstract
A new microfeature embossing method utilizing a slowly crystallizing mechanism was investigated to eliminate thermal cycling, as needed in standard hot embossing. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) was used as a model system for demonstration. Due to its slow crystallization, amorphous PET film can be made by melt casting onto a chilled roll. The resulting amorphous film was embossed at a constant temperature of 180°C for a period of time comparable to or longer than the polymer's half-time of crystallization. During constant-temperature embossing, the film is softened first, caused by rubber softening of the amorphous phase, and is then hardened, resulting from the crystallization of the amorphous phase at the same embossing temperature. Since the embossed film is hardened under the constant mold temperature, no cooling is needed. Selected micro features, including circular microchannels and high aspect ratio microribs, were consistently patterned using a total cycle time about 40s. The embossed films were characterized using DSC and rotational rheometry to elucidate the physical mechanism for softening and hardening the polymer during constant-temperature embossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Yao
- School of Polymer, Textile & Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P. Nagarajan
- School of Polymer, Textile & Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K. R. T. Ramasubramani
- School of Polymer, Textile & Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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50
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Yao D, Liu L, Jin S, Li J, Liu XD. Overexpression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in the brain of pentylenetetrazole-kindled rats. Neuroscience 2012; 227:283-92. [PMID: 23059797 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies and animal models have shown that pharmacoresistant epilepsy is partly due to the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette transporters at the brain. The purposes of the study were to investigate the function and expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) in the brain of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindled rats, and the effect of the altered Mrp2 function and expression on phenytoin (PHT) distribution in the brain. Kindled rats were developed by sub-convulsive dose of PTZ (33 mg/kg, every day, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) for 28 days. Mrp2 expression and function were measured by western blot and bromosulfophthalein (BSP) distribution in the brain. PHT concentrations in the brain of PTZ-kindled rats were measured alone or with co-administration of probenecid (50mg/kg). Further experiment was designed to investigate whether PHT treatment prevented the up-regulated brain Mrp2 expression and function induced by PTZ-kindling. The results showed that PTZ-kindling resulted in an increase of Mrp2 level in the hippocampus and cortex of rats, accompanied by significant decreases in the brain-to-plasma concentration ratio of BSP. PTZ-kindling also decreased PHT levels in the hippocampus and cortex without altering PHT concentrations in plasma, resulting in a lower brain-to-plasma concentration ratio of PHT. Co-administration of probenecid increased the brain-to-plasma ratio of BSP and PHT in the brain of both normal and PTZ-kindled rats. A 14-day PHT treatment prevented the up-regulation of Mrp2 expression and function induced by PTZ-kindling, accompanied by increases of PHT concentrations in the brain and good anticonvulsive effects. The present study demonstrated that chronic PTZ-kindling increased Mrp2 expression and function in the rat brain, and the up-regulation partly came from epileptic seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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