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Sen Gupta D, Dutta A, Sharanagat VS, Kumar J, Kumar A, Kumar V, Souframanien J, Singh U, Biradar R, Singh A, Sewak S. Effect of growing environments on the minerals and proximate composition of urdbeans (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chaudhary S, Jha UC, Paul PJ, Prasad PVV, Sharma KD, Kumar S, Gupta DS, Sharma P, Singh S, Siddique KHM, Nayyar H. Assessing the heat sensitivity of Urdbean ( Vigna mungo L. Hepper) genotypes involving physiological, reproductive and yield traits under field and controlled environment. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1042999. [PMID: 36507460 PMCID: PMC9733429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The rising temperatures are seriously impacting the food crops, including urdbean; hence efforts are needed to identify the sources of heat tolerance in such crops to ensure global food security. In the present study, urdbean genotypes were evaluated for heat tolerance under natural outdoor for two consecutive years (2018, 2019) and subsequently in the controlled environment of the growth chamber to identify high temperature tolerant lines. The genotypes were assessed involving few physiological traits (membrane damage, chlorophyll, photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, lipid peroxidation), reproductive traits (pollen germination % and pollen viability %) and yield related traits (total number of pods plant-1, total seeds plant-1, single seed weight and seed yield plant-1). Based upon these tested traits, PantU31, Mash114, UTTARA and IPU18-04 genotypes were identified as promising genotypes for both years under heat stress condition. Further confirming heat tolerance, all these four tolerant and four sensitive genotypes were tested under controlled environment under growth chamber condition. All these four genotypes PantU31, Mash114, UTTARA and IPU18-04 showed high chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, leaf area, pods plant-1, total seeds plant-1 and low reduction in pollen germination % and pollen viability under stress heat stress condition. Moreover, yield and yield related traits viz., pods plant-1, seeds plant-1, single seed weight and seed yield plant-1 showed very strong positive correlation with pollen germination and pollen viability except electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content. Thus, these genotypes could be potentially used as donors for transferring heat tolerance trait to the elite yet heat-sensitive urdbean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uday Chand Jha
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Pronob J. Paul
- International Rice Research Institute, South-Asia Hub, Hyderabad, India
| | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Kamal Dev Sharma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Choudhary Sarwan Kumar (CSK) Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Parul Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sarvjeet Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The University of Western Australia (UWA) Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Parihar AK, Gupta S, Hazra KK, Lamichaney A, Sen Gupta D, Singh D, Kumar R, Singh AK, Vaishnavi R, Jaberson MS, Das SP, Dev J, Yadav RK, Jamwal BS, Choudhary BR, Khedar OP, Prakash V, Dikshit HK, Panwar RK, Katiyar M, Kumar P, Mahto CS, Borah HK, Singh MN, Das A, Patil AN, Nanda HC, Kumar V, Rajput SD, Chauhan DA, Patel MH, Kanwar RR, Kumar J, Mishra SP, Kumar H, Swarup I, Mogali S, Kumaresan D, Manivannan N, Gowda MB, Pandiyan M, Rao PJ, Shivani D, Prusti AM, Mahadevu P, Iyanar K, Das S. Multi-location evaluation of mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.) in Indian climates: Ecophenological dynamics, yield relation, and characterization of locations. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:984912. [PMID: 36204050 PMCID: PMC9530336 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.984912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Crop yield varies considerably within agroecology depending on the genetic potential of crop cultivars and various edaphic and climatic variables. Understanding site-specific changes in crop yield and genotype × environment interaction are crucial and needs exceptional consideration in strategic breeding programs. Further, genotypic response to diverse agro-ecologies offers identification of strategic locations for evaluating traits of interest to strengthen and accelerate the national variety release program. In this study, multi-location field trial data have been used to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on crop phenological dynamics and their influence on the yield of mungbean in different agroecological regions of the Indian subcontinent. The present attempt is also intended to identify the strategic location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within mungbean genotypes. In the field trial, a total of 34 different mungbean genotypes were grown in 39 locations covering the north hill zone (n = 4), northeastern plain zone (n = 6), northwestern plain zone (n = 7), central zone (n = 11) and south zone (n = 11). The results revealed that the effect of the environment was prominent on both the phenological dynamics and productivity of the mungbean. Noticeable variations (expressed as coefficient of variation) were observed for the parameters of days to 50% flowering (13%), days to maturity (12%), reproductive period (21%), grain yield (33%), and 1000-grain weight (14%) across the environments. The genotype, environment, and genotype × environment accounted for 3.0, 54.2, and 29.7% of the total variation in mungbean yield, respectively (p < 0.001), suggesting an oversized significance of site-specific responses of the genotypes. Results demonstrated that a lower ambient temperature extended both flowering time and the crop period. Linear mixed model results revealed that the changes in phenological events (days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, and reproductive period) with response to contrasting environments had no direct influence on crop yields (p > 0.05) for all the genotypes except PM 14-11. Results revealed that the south zone environment initiated early flowering and an extended reproductive period, thus sustaining yield with good seed size. While in low rainfall areas viz., Sriganganagar, New Delhi, Durgapura, and Sagar, the yield was comparatively low irrespective of genotypes. Correlation results and PCA indicated that rainfall during the crop season and relative humidity significantly and positively influenced grain yield. Hence, the present study suggests that the yield potential of mungbean is independent of crop phenological dynamics; rather, climatic variables like rainfall and relative humidity have considerable influence on yield. Further, HA-GGE biplot analysis identified Sagar, New Delhi, Sriganganagar, Durgapura, Warangal, Srinagar, Kanpur, and Mohanpur as the ideal testing environments, which demonstrated high efficiency in the selection of new genotypes with wider adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Kali K. Hazra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | | | | | - Deepak Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Raju Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil K. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Rakesh Vaishnavi
- Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Srinagar, India
| | | | - Sankar P. Das
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hilly Region, Agartala, India
| | - Jai Dev
- Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - B. S. Jamwal
- Pulses Research Sub-Station, SKUAST-Jammu, Srinagar, India
| | | | - O. P. Khedar
- Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | | | | | - R. K. Panwar
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Manoj Katiyar
- Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, India
| | - C. S. Mahto
- Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, India
| | - H. K. Borah
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Shillongani, India
| | - M. N. Singh
- Institute of Agricultural Science, BHU, Varanasi, India
| | - Arpita Das
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - A. N. Patil
- Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Pulses Research Unit, Akola, India
| | - H. C. Nanda
- Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Sagar, India
| | | | | | - M. H. Patel
- Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushi Nagar, India
| | - Raja R. Kanwar
- S.G. College of Agriculture and Research Station, Jagdalpur, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Rajmohni Devi College of Agriculture and Research Station, Ambikapur, India
| | - S. P. Mishra
- Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Indu Swarup
- Regional Research Centre on Pulses, College of Agriculture, Indore, India
| | - Suma Mogali
- University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Dharwad, India
| | - D. Kumaresan
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | | | - M. Byre Gowda
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra (GKVK), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Polneni J. Rao
- Regional Agricultural Research Station (PJTSAU), Warangal, India
| | - D. Shivani
- PJTSA-Agricultural Research Station, Madhira, India
| | - A. M. Prusti
- Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - P. Mahadevu
- College of Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Mandya, India
| | - K. Iyanar
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | - Sujata Das
- Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
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Barpete S, Gupta P, Sen Gupta D, Kumar J, Bhowmik A, Kumar S. Neurotoxin (N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-Diamino Propionic Acid) Content in Different Plant Parts of Grass Pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) Spanning Seedling to Maturity Stage: Does It Increase over Time? Molecules 2022; 27:3683. [PMID: 35744809 PMCID: PMC9229872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ODAP (N-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropionic acid) is present in the seeds of grass pea. In this study, variation of total ODAP accumulation in leaves throughout the crop growth starting from 40 days after sowing to maturity, and the distribution pattern of ODAP in different plant parts including the seeds at the mature stage was analyzed. Five grass pea accessions were evaluated for two subsequent growing seasons in one location of ICARDA, Aleppo (Syria). The results found that the rate of accumulation of total ODAP varied during plant development. Increased rates of synthesis were noticed in young leaves of grass pea. The highest total ODAP content in leaves was noted in the early growth stage (40-50 days after sowing). Mean total ODAP content in leaves ranged from 0.17 to 0.96 percent during 2010-2011 and from 0.19 to 1.28 percent during 2011-2012. During maturity, the total ODAP content was lowest in the seeds than in leaves, stems, pod cover, seed coat, and cotyledons. The ranges of total ODAP content were 0.13 (seed)-0.34 (stem), 0.20 (seed)-1.01 (leaf), 0.22 (seed)-0.62 (leaf), 0.21 (seed)-0.66 (leaf), and 0.21 (seed)-0.78 (leaf) percent in B387, B222, B390, Bio-520, and B587 accessions, respectively, during maturity. The results indicated that the rate of accumulation and synthesis of total ODAP varied during the plant lifespan. The lowest total ODAP content of leaves was observed after 130 days of sowing. The lower total ODAP content after the early vegetative stage of grass pea plants makes them suitable as a feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Barpete
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat Institute, Rabat 6299, Morocco;
- ICARDA—Food Legume Research Platform, Amlaha 466113, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat Institute, Rabat 6299, Morocco;
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, India; (D.S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, India; (D.S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Arpan Bhowmik
- ICAR—Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat Institute, Rabat 6299, Morocco;
- ICARDA—Food Legume Research Platform, Amlaha 466113, India
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Kumar J, Kumar A, Sen Gupta D, Kumar S, DePauw RM. Reverse genetic approaches for breeding nutrient-rich and climate-resilient cereal and food legume crops. Heredity (Edinb) 2022; 128:473-496. [PMID: 35249099 PMCID: PMC9178024 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-022-00513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, advancements in genomics tools and techniques have led to the discovery of many genes. Most of these genes still need to be characterized for their associated function and therefore, such genes remain underutilized for breeding the next generation of improved crop varieties. The recent developments in different reverse genetic approaches have made it possible to identify the function of genes controlling nutritional, biochemical, and metabolic traits imparting drought, heat, cold, salinity tolerance as well as diseases and insect-pests. This article focuses on reviewing the current status and prospects of using reverse genetic approaches to breed nutrient-rich and climate resilient cereal and food legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250 004, India
| | - Ron M DePauw
- Advancing Wheat Technologies, 118 Strathcona Rd SW, Calgary, AB, T3H 1P3, Canada
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Parihar AK, Kumar J, Gupta DS, Lamichaney A, Naik SJ S, Singh AK, Dixit GP, Gupta S, Toklu F. Genomics Enabled Breeding Strategies for Major Biotic Stresses in Pea ( Pisum sativum L.). Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:861191. [PMID: 35665148 PMCID: PMC9158573 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.861191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most important and productive cool season pulse crops grown throughout the world. Biotic stresses are the crucial constraints in harnessing the potential productivity of pea and warrant dedicated research and developmental efforts to utilize omics resources and advanced breeding techniques to assist rapid and timely development of high-yielding multiple stress-tolerant-resistant varieties. Recently, the pea researcher's community has made notable achievements in conventional and molecular breeding to accelerate its genetic gain. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or markers associated with genes controlling resistance for fusarium wilt, fusarium root rot, powdery mildew, ascochyta blight, rust, common root rot, broomrape, pea enation, and pea seed borne mosaic virus are available for the marker-assisted breeding. The advanced genomic tools such as the availability of comprehensive genetic maps and linked reliable DNA markers hold great promise toward the introgression of resistance genes from different sources to speed up the genetic gain in pea. This review provides a brief account of the achievements made in the recent past regarding genetic and genomic resources' development, inheritance of genes controlling various biotic stress responses and genes controlling pathogenesis in disease causing organisms, genes/QTLs mapping, and transcriptomic and proteomic advances. Moreover, the emerging new breeding approaches such as transgenics, genome editing, genomic selection, epigenetic breeding, and speed breeding hold great promise to transform pea breeding. Overall, the judicious amalgamation of conventional and modern omics-enabled breeding strategies will augment the genetic gain and could hasten the development of biotic stress-resistant cultivars to sustain pea production under changing climate. The present review encompasses at one platform the research accomplishment made so far in pea improvement with respect to major biotic stresses and the way forward to enhance pea productivity through advanced genomic tools and technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Parihar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Amrit Lamichaney
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Satheesh Naik SJ
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Anil K. Singh
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Girish P. Dixit
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Chickpea, ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Faruk Toklu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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Kumar J, Gupta DS, Kesari R, Verma R, Murugesan S, Basu PS, Soren KR, Gupta S, Singh NP. Comprehensive RNAseq analysis for identification of genes expressed under heat stress in lentil. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:1785-1807. [PMID: 33829491 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lentils are highly sensitive to abrupt increases in temperature during the mid to late reproductive stages, leading to severe biomass and seed yield reduction. Therefore, we carried out an RNAseq analysis between IG4258 (heat tolerant) and IG3973 (heat sensitive) lentil genotypes at the reproductive stage under both normal and heat stress conditions in the field. It resulted in 209,549 assembled transcripts and among these 161,809 transcripts had coding regions, of which 94,437 transcripts were annotated. The differential gene expression analysis showed upregulation of 678 transcripts and downregulation of 680 transcripts between the tolerant and sensitive genotypes at the early reproductive stage. While 76 transcripts were upregulated and 47 transcripts were downregulated at the late reproductive stage under heat stress conditions. The validation of 12 up-or downregulated transcripts through RT-PCR corresponded well with the expression analysis data of RNAseq, with a correlation of R2 = 0.89. Among these transcripts, the DN364_c1_g1_i9 and DN2218_c0_g1_i5 transcripts encoded enzymes involved in the tryptophan pathway, indicating that tryptophan biosynthesis plays a role under heat stress in lentil. Moreover, KEGG pathways enrichment analysis identified transcripts associated with genes encoding proteins/regulating factors related to different metabolic pathways including signal transduction, fatty acid biosynthesis, rRNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis, and riboflavin biosynthesis. This analysis also identified 6852 genic-SSRs leading to the development of 4968 SSR primers that are potential genomic resources for molecular mapping of heat-tolerant genes in lentil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Ravi Kesari
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bhola Paswan Shastri Agricultural College, Purnea, India
| | - Renu Verma
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | | | - Partha Sarathi Basu
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Khela Ram Soren
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- All India Co-ordinated Research Project on MULLaRP, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
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Sen Gupta D, Basu PS, Souframanien J, Kumar J, Dhanasekar P, Gupta S, Pandiyan M, Geetha S, Shanthi P, Kumar V, Pratap Singh N. Morpho-Physiological Traits and Functional Markers Based Molecular Dissection of Heat-Tolerance in Urdbean. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:719381. [PMID: 34659290 PMCID: PMC8511409 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the important pulse crops. Its cultivation is not so popular during summer seasons because this crop is unable to withstand excessive heat stress beside lack of humidity in the atmosphere. Therefore, a panel of 97 urdbean diverse genotypes was assessed for yield under stress and non-stress conditions with an aim to identify heat tolerant genotypes. This study identified 8 highly heat tolerant and 35 highly heat sensitive genotypes based on heat susceptibility index. Further, physiological and biochemical traits-based characterization of a group of six highly heat sensitive and seven highly heat tolerant urdbean genotypes showed genotypic variability for leaf nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll (SPAD), epidermal flavnols, and anthocyanin contents under 42/25°C max/min temperature. Our results showed higher membrane stability index among heat tolerant genotypes compared to sensitive genotypes. Significant differences among genotypes for ETR at different levels of PAR irradiances and PAR × genotypes interactions indicated high photosynthetic ability of a few genotypes under heat stress. Further, the most highly sensitive genotype PKGU-1 showed a decrease in different fluorescence parameters indicating distortion of PS II. Consequently, reduction in the quantum yield of PS II was observed in a sensitive one as compared to a tolerant genotype. Fluorescence kinetics showed the delayed and fast quenching of Fm in highly heat sensitive (PKGU 1) and tolerant (UPU 85-86) genotypes, respectively. Moreover, tolerant genotype (UPU 85-86) had high antioxidant activities explaining their role for scavenging superoxide radicals (ROS) protecting delicate membranes from oxidative damage. Molecular characterization further pinpointed genetic differences between heat tolerant (UPU 85-86) and heat sensitive genotypes (PKGU 1). These findings will contribute to the breeding toward the development of heat tolerant cultivars in urdbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Mungbean, Urdbean, Lentil, Lathyrus, Rajmash, and Fieldpea, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Partha S. Basu
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - J. Souframanien
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - P. Dhanasekar
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Mungbean, Urdbean, Lentil, Lathyrus, Rajmash, and Fieldpea, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | | | - S. Geetha
- National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, India
| | - P. Shanthi
- National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, India
| | - Vaibhav Kumar
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
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Kumar J, Sen Gupta D, Djalovic I, Kumar S, Siddique KHM. Root-omics for drought tolerance in cool-season grain legumes. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:629-644. [PMID: 33314181 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Root traits can be exploited to increase the physiological efficiency of crop water use under drought. Root length, root hairs, root branching, root diameter, and root proliferation rate are genetically defined traits that can help to improve the water productivity potential of crops. Recently, high-throughput phenotyping techniques/platforms have been used to screen the germplasm of major cool-season grain legumes for root traits and their impact on different physiological processes, including nutrient uptake and yield potential. Advances in omics approaches have led to the dissection of genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic structures of these traits. This knowledge facilitates breeders to improve the water productivity and nutrient uptake of cultivars under limited soil moisture conditions in major cool-season grain legumes that usually face terminal drought. This review discusses the advances in root traits and their potential for developing drought-tolerant cultivars in cool-season grain legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Maize Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Abstract
Lentil is an important food legume crop that has large and complex genome. During past years, considerable attention has been given on the use of next generation sequencing for enriching the genomic resources including identification of SSR and SNP markers, development of unigenes, transcripts, and identification of candidate genes for biotic and abiotic stresses, analysis of genetic diversity and identification of genes/ QTLs for agronomically important traits. However, in other crops including pulses, next generation sequencing has revolutionized the genomic research and helped in genomic assisted breeding rapidly and cost effectively. The present review discuss current status and future prospects of the use NGS based breeding in lentil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India.
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
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Kumar J, Choudhary AK, Gupta DS, Kumar S. Towards Exploitation of Adaptive Traits for Climate-Resilient Smart Pulses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2971. [PMID: 31216660 PMCID: PMC6627977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulses are the main source of protein and minerals in the vegetarian diet. These are primarily cultivated on marginal lands with few inputs in several resource-poor countries of the world, including several in South Asia. Their cultivation in resource-scarce conditions exposes them to various abiotic and biotic stresses, leading to significant yield losses. Furthermore, climate change due to global warming has increased their vulnerability to emerging new insect pests and abiotic stresses that can become even more serious in the coming years. The changing climate scenario has made it more challenging to breed and develop climate-resilient smart pulses. Although pulses are climate smart, as they simultaneously adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change, their narrow genetic diversity has always been a major constraint to their improvement for adaptability. However, existing genetic diversity still provides opportunities to exploit novel attributes for developing climate-resilient cultivars. The mining and exploitation of adaptive traits imparting tolerance/resistance to climate-smart pulses can be accelerated further by using cutting-edge approaches of biotechnology such as transgenics, genome editing, and epigenetics. This review discusses various classical and molecular approaches and strategies to exploit adaptive traits for breeding climate-smart pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur 208 024, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | | | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur 208 024, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 6299, Rabat-Institute, Rabat, Morocco.
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Kumar J, Basu PS, Gupta S, Dubey S, Sen Gupta D, Singh NP. Physiological and molecular characterisation for high temperature stress in Lens culinaris. Funct Plant Biol 2018; 45:474-487. [PMID: 32290986 DOI: 10.1071/fp17211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 11 lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) genotypes including heat tolerant and heat sensitive genotypes identified after a screening of 334 accessions of lentil for traits imparting heat tolerance, were characterised based on physiological traits and molecular markers. Results showed a higher reduction in pollen viability among sensitive genotypes (up to 52.3%) compared with tolerant genotypes (up to 32.4%) at 43°C. Higher photosynthetic electron transport rate was observed among heat tolerant genotypes and two heat tolerant lentil genotypes, IG 4258 (0.43) and IG 3330 (0.38) were having highest Fv/Fm values. However, membrane stability was significantly higher in only one heat tolerant genotype, ILL 10712, indicating that different mechanisms are involved to control heat tolerance in lentil. The molecular characterisation of lentil genotypes with 70 polymorphic SSR and genic markers resulted into distinct clusters in accordance with their heat stress tolerance. A functional marker ISM11257 (intron spanning marker) amplifying an allele of 205bp in size was present only among heat tolerant genotypes, and could be further used in a breeding program to identify heat tolerant lentil genotypes. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of heat tolerant lentil cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur - 208024, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Basu
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur - 208024, India
| | - Sunanda Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur - 208024, India
| | - Sonali Dubey
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur - 208024, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur - 208024, India
| | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur - 208024, India
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Kumar J, Gupta DS, Gupta S, Dubey S, Gupta P, Kumar S. Quantitative trait loci from identification to exploitation for crop improvement. Plant Cell Rep 2017; 36:1187-1213. [PMID: 28352970 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Advancement in the field of genetics and genomics after the discovery of Mendel's laws of inheritance has led to map the genes controlling qualitative and quantitative traits in crop plant species. Mapping of genomic regions controlling the variation of quantitatively inherited traits has become routine after the advent of different types of molecular markers. Recently, the next generation sequencing methods have accelerated the research on QTL analysis. These efforts have led to the identification of more closely linked molecular markers with gene/QTLs and also identified markers even within gene/QTL controlling the trait of interest. Efforts have also been made towards cloning gene/QTLs or identification of potential candidate genes responsible for a trait. Further new concepts like crop QTLome and QTL prioritization have accelerated precise application of QTLs for genetic improvement of complex traits. In the past years, efforts have also been made in exploitation of a number of QTL for improving grain yield or other agronomic traits in various crops through markers assisted selection leading to cultivation of these improved varieties at farmers' field. In present article, we reviewed QTLs from their identification to exploitation in plant breeding programs and also reviewed that how improved cultivars developed through introgression of QTLs have improved the yield productivity in many crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India.
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Sunanda Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Sonali Dubey
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Institutes, B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco
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Sen Gupta D, McPhee K, Kumar S. Development of Molecular Markers for Iron Metabolism Related Genes in Lentil and Their Expression Analysis under Excess Iron Stress. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:579. [PMID: 28450880 PMCID: PMC5390492 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple genes and transcription factors are involved in the uptake and translocation of iron in plants from soil. The sequence information about iron uptake and translocation related genes is largely unknown in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). This study was designed to develop iron metabolism related molecular markers for Ferritin-1, BHLH-1 (Basic helix loop helix), or FER-like transcription factor protein and IRT-1 (Iron related transporter) genes using genome synteny with barrel medic (Medicago truncatula). The second objective of this study was to analyze differential gene expression under excess iron over time (2 h, 8 h, 24 h). Specific molecular markers were developed for iron metabolism related genes (Ferritin-1, BHLH-1, IRT-1) and validated in lentil. Gene specific markers for Ferritin-1 and IRT-1 were used for quantitative PCR (qPCR) studies based on their amplification efficiency. Significant differential expression of Ferritin-1 and IRT-1 was observed under excess iron conditions through qPCR based gene expression analysis. Regulation of iron uptake and translocation in lentil needs further characterization. Greater emphasis should be given to development of conditions simulating field conditions under external iron supply and considering adult plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, FargoND, USA
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses ResearchKanpur, India
| | - Kevin McPhee
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, FargoND, USA
| | - Shiv Kumar
- BIGM Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-InstitutesRabat, Morocco
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Gupta DS, Thavarajah D, McGee RJ, Coyne CJ, Kumar S, Thavarajah P. Genetic diversity among cultivated and wild lentils for iron, zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium concentrations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.10.pne6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
Micronutrient deficiency in the human body, popularly known as "hidden hunger", causes many health problems. It presently affects >2 billion people worldwide, especially in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Biofortification of food crop varieties is one way to combat the problem of hidden hunger using conventional plant breeding and transgenic methods. Lentils are rich sources of protein, micronutrients, and vitamins including iron, zinc, selenium, folates, and carotenoids. Lentil genetic resources including germplasm and wild species showed genetic variability for these traits. Studies revealed that a single serving of lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of micronutrients and vitamins for adults. Therefore, lentils have been identified as a food legume for biofortification, which could provide a whole food solution to the global micronutrient malnutrition. The present review discusses the current ongoing efforts toward genetic biofortification in lentils using classical breeding and molecular marker-assisted approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Institutes , B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- AICRP on MULLaRP, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
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Kumar A, Gupta DS, Jurel SK, Khanna R, Yadav M. Extensive ossifying fibroma of jaw. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2015; 5:224-7. [PMID: 25937742 PMCID: PMC4405973 DOI: 10.4103/0975-5950.154843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ossifying fibroma of bone is a central neoplasm of bone and it is more common in young adult with marked predilection for mandible and also it is more common in female. Lesion is generally asymptomatic until growth produces a noticeable swelling and mild deformity. It presents an extremely variable roentographic appearance depending upon the stage of development. This lesion is composed basically of many delicate interlacing collagen fibers, seldom arranged in discrete bundle, interspersed by large numbers of active, proliferating fibroblasts. The lesion should be excised conservatively. We present a case of huge ossifying fibroma arising from maxilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India
| | - D S Gupta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India
| | - Sunit K Jurel
- Department of Prosthodontics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ruchika Khanna
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India
| | - Manoj Yadav
- BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Amarakoon D, Thavarajah D, Sen Gupta D, McPhee K, DeSutter T, Thavarajah P. Genetic and environmental variation of seed iron and food matrix factors of North-Dakota-grown field peas (Pisum sativum L.). J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sen Gupta D, Thavarajah D, Knutson P, Thavarajah P, McGee RJ, Coyne CJ, Kumar S. Lentils (Lens culinaris L.), a rich source of folates. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:7794-9. [PMID: 23865478 DOI: 10.1021/jf401891p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The potential for genetic biofortification of U.S.-grown lentils ( Lens culinaris L.) with bioavailable folate has not been widely studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the folate concentration of 10 commercial lentil cultivars grown in Minot and McLean counties, North Dakota, USA, in 2010 and 2011, (2) to determine the genotype (G) × environmental (E) interactions for folate concentration in lentil cultivars, and (3) to compare the folate concentration of other pulses [field peas ( Pisum sativum L.) and chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)] grown in the United States. Folate concentration in lentil cultivars ranged from 216 to 290 μg/100 g with a mean of 255 μg/100 g. In addition, lentil showed higher folate concentration compared to chickpea (42-125 μg/100 g), yellow field pea (41-55 μg/100 g), and green field pea (50-202 μg/100 g). A 100 g serving of lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of dietary folates (54-73%) for adults. A significant year × location interaction on lentil folate concentration was observed; this indicates that possible location sourcing may be required for future lentil folate research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- School of Food Systems, Department 7640, 223 Harris Hall, North Dakota State University , P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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Abstract
The temporomandibular joint receives its name from the two bones that enter into its formation, namely the temporal bone and the mandible. This complex synovial system is composed of two temporomandibular joints together with their articulating ligaments and masticatory muscles. This articulation affects other synovial joints that relate specifically to masticatory function. The causes of temporomandibular disorders are complex and multifactorial. There are numerous factors that can contribute to temporomandibular disorders. In some instances a single factor may serve one or all of these roles. Iatrogenic injuries can act as both initiating as well as predisposing factors. The term craniomandibular disorder is used synonymously with the term temporomandibular disorders and is considered a major cause of nondental pain in the orofacial pain region. The successful management of temporomandibular disorders is dependent on identifying and controlling the contributing factors. The temporomandibular disorders are more common in females, the reason is not clearly known. The following article provides detailed information regarding temporomandibular joint disorders.
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Gupta DS, Tandon PN, Sharma S, Jurel SK, Majumder K. Intraglandular tooth--rare case report of tooth in submandibular salivary gland duct. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69:e305-7. [PMID: 21783299 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D S Gupta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Tandon PN, Gupta DS. Epidermoid cyst in the floor of mouth with sub mental component. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2011; 13:59-62. [PMID: 24644398 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-010-0098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermoid cysts in the oral cavity are very rare. They are slow and progressive in growth. Although congenital, they are diagnosed in second or third decayed of life. Epidermoid cyst in the floor of mouth is painless, doughy in consistency, fluctuant lesion and causes no symptoms until they are large enough to interfere with chewing or speech. In this article a 23 years old girl presented with lesion almost filling the oral cavity as well as sub mental component giving appearance of double chin. Lesion was surgically enucleated intraorally. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of epidermoid cyst. Patient did well post operatively and there was no evidence of recurrence upto 1 year of follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Tandon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental College, House No. 1, Madhubani Duplex, Kanth Road, Moradabad, 244001 India
| | - D S Gupta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental College, House No. 1, Madhubani Duplex, Kanth Road, Moradabad, 244001 India
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Abstract
The phenotypic expression of biologic variability expressed in the craniofacial complex is influenced by constant interplay of heredity and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to observe the pattern of inheritance of cranio-facial complex in Gorkhas. Gorkhas are the original inhabitants of NEPAL in the slopes of HIMALAYAS and they generally marry strictly in their race. 76 individuals from 19 Gorkha families (son, daughter and both parents); were selected. Eight angular (saddle angle, articular angle, gonial angle, N-S-Gn, N-S-Go, SNA, SNB and ANB angles) and four linear (anterior facial height, posterior facial height, overjet and overbite) variables were measured from lateral head cephalograms and the values of the variables were evaluated and compared. It was found that the Inheritance of cranio facial pattern has shown significant coefficient of correlation from mother to offsprings for jarabak ratio, father to son for NS-Gn and NS-Go angle, father to daughter for articular and ANB angles. Different parts of craniofacial complex represents the resultant of morphology and size variation. Each one of these components are in turn influenced by many genetic and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Mehta
- Department of Orthodontics, M.M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana (Ambala), Haryana, India
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Basu
- Cardiac and Thoracic Surgical Unit, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Calcutta
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Gupta DS, Kelson AB, Polgar WE, Toll L, Szücs M, Gintzler AR. Ovarian sex steroid-dependent plasticity of nociceptin/orphanin FQ and opioid modulation of spinal dynorphin release. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 298:1213-20. [PMID: 11504823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy and its hormonal simulation via 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P) are associated with spinal opioid antinociception, primarily driven by augmented dynorphin/kappa-opioid activity. This study addresses the ovarian sex steroid-activated mechanism(s) that underlie this activation using an ex vivo spinal cord preparation. In lumbar spinal cord obtained from control animals, exogenous kappa- or delta-opioid agonists (but not mu), as well as nociceptin (orphanin FQ; N/OFQ), dose dependently inhibit the stimulated release of dynorphin. Consistent with these observations, stimulated dynorphin release is enhanced following selective blockade of opioid or N/OFQ receptors, indicating that their endogenous ligands are negative modulators of dynorphin release. In lumbar spinal cord obtained from ovariectomized animals exposed to pregnancy blood levels of E(2)/P, basal and stimulated rates of dynorphin release increase approximately 2-fold. Moreover, evoked dynorphin release is no longer negatively modulated by kappa- or delta-opioid agonists or N/OFQ. Interestingly, in these preparations, release can be facilitated by delta-opioid receptor activation, and neither spinal opioid nor N/OFQ receptor blockade enhances evoked dynorphin release. Consistent with these observations, guanosine-5'-O-3-[(35)S]-thio triphosphate binding analyses indicate a reduction in functional N/OFQ receptors. These data indicate that at least part of the E(2)/P-induced augmented activity of lumbar dynorphin neurons results from their disinhibition via the removal of negative opioid and N/OFQ modulation. These results underscore the plasticity of spinal opioid and N/OFQ systems and their dependence on the ovarian sex steroid milieu. Ovarian sex steroid-activated antinociception reveals mechanisms that enable sustained opioid activation without concomitant tolerance formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA
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Hwang SO, Lee KH, Cho JH, Oh BJ, Gupta DS, Ornato JP, Lee SH, Yoon J, Choe KH. Simultaneous sternothoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a new method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation 2001; 48:293-9. [PMID: 11278095 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(00)00250-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
No existing device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is designed to exploit both the "cardiac pump" and the "thoracic pump" effect simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to measure the haemodynamic effect of a new simultaneous sternothoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (SST-CPR) device that could compress the sternum and constrict the thoracic cavity simultaneously in a canine cardiac arrest model. After 4 min of ventricular fibrillation, 24 mongrel dogs were randomized to receive standard CPR (n=12) or SST-CPR (n=12). SST-CPR generated a new pattern of the aortic pressure curve presumed to be the result of both sternal compression and thoracic constriction. SST-CPR resulted in significantly higher mean arterial pressure than standard CPR (68.9+/-16.1 vs. 30.5+/-10.0 mmHg, P<0.01). SST-CPR generated higher coronary perfusion pressure than standard CPR (47.0+/-11.4 vs. 17.3+/-8.9 mmHg, P<0.01). End tidal CO(2) tension was also higher during SST-CPR than standard CPR (11.6+/-6.1 vs. 2.17+/-3.3 mmHg, P<0.01). In this preliminary animal model study, simultaneous sternothoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation generated better haemodynamic effects than standard, closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Hwang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 162 IIsandong Wonju, South Korea
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Abstract
The O-specific moieties of the O1B antigen (lipopolysaccharide) from Escherichia coli O1B:K1 and the O1C antigen from E. coli O1C:K- both consist of L-rhamnose, D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and N-acetyl-D-mannosamine in a molar ratio of 2:1:1:1. By using fragmentation procedures, methylation analysis, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the structures of these polysaccharides were found to be [formula: see text] In the O1B polysaccharide X is 2, and in the O1C polysaccharide X is 3. With the recently published structure of the O1A polysaccharides (B. Jann, A. S. Shashkov, D. S. Gupta, S. M. Panasenko, and K. Jann, Carbohydr. Polym. 18:51-57 1992), three related O1 antigens are now known. Their common (O1-specific) epitope is suggested to be the side-chain N-acetyl-D-mannosamine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Gupta
- Max-Planck-Institut für Immunobiologie, Freiburg, Germany
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Jann B, Shashkov AS, Gupta DS, Jann K. The O18 antigens (lipopolysaccharides) of Escherichia coli. Structural characterization of the O18A, O18A1, O18B and O18B1-specific polysaccharides. Eur J Biochem 1992; 210:241-8. [PMID: 1280216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17414.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide moieties (PS) of the O18A, O18A1, O18B, and O18B1 antigens (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) consist of L-rhamnose (Rha), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactose, and D-glucose in different molar ratios. By using chemical fragmentation, methylation, as well as one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, the structures of these polysaccharides were found to be [formula: see text] In O18A-PS and O18A1-PS x = 2, whereas in O18B-PS and in O18B11-PS x = 3. In all four polysaccharides alpha-D-Galp (residue D) is substituted at O-3. This substituent L (residue E) is beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1 in O18A-PS and O18A1-PS and it is alpha-D-Glcp-(1 in O18B-PS and O18B1-PS. Whereas there is no further substituent on the main chain of the O18A and O18B polysaccharides, in O18A1-PS and O18B1-PS the alpha-D-GlcpNAc residue A is substituted with alpha-Glcp-(1 (residue F), which is linked to O-6 in O18A1-PS and to O-4 in O18B1-PS. These results show that the O18 antigen comprises a group of four related LPS (O18A and O18B, with their glucosylated forms O18A1 and O18B1). The results are discussed with respect to epitope definition and biochemical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Borle RM, Gupta DS. 'Fungal contamination of arecanut'. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1987; 30:357-60. [PMID: 3148548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Pradeep T, Ragni T, Gupta DS, Kapoor DN, Sharma VP. Orthodontic management of maxillary, bilaterally and palatally impacted canines--a case report. J Pierre Fauchard Acad 1987; 1:65-8. [PMID: 3269791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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32
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Tandon P, Gupta DS, Tandon R, Sharma VP, Trivedi JK. Evaluation of biting force in mentally retarded children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1987; 5:10-5. [PMID: 3509573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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33
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Sabhlok RK, Gupta DS, Sharma VP. A cephalometric study of the dentofacial pattern among siblings and parents. J Indian Dent Assoc 1986; 58:495-503. [PMID: 3473129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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34
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Gupta DS, Gupta MK, Borle RM, Hazare VK. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour of maxilla--a case report. J Indian Dent Assoc 1986; 58:457-60. [PMID: 3474283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abstract
An unusual case of cervicofacial actinomycosis with cortical osteomyelitis of the ascending ramus is presented. The portal of entry of the infection was most probably by an extra oral route. The authors have emphasized the importance of repeated smear examinations, cultures, and sensitivity tests to rule out actinomycosis in such cervicofacial infections. The difficulties encountered in the isolation of A. Israelii are discussed.
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Gupta DS, Borle RM, Pakhan AJ. Oral antrostomy--an effective technique in the management of maxillary sinusitis. J Indian Dent Assoc 1986; 58:221-5. [PMID: 3462261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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37
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Abstract
Marble bone disease is a rare skeletal disorder. Osteomyelitic changes in the jaw bones are frequently seen in this disease. Considering the rarity of the disease, a case of osteomyelitis of the mandible in marble bone disease is presented, together with a review of the available literature.
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Mehrotra P, Gupta DS, Trivedi JK. Dental cast measurements in mentally retarded children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1986; 4:42-7. [PMID: 3471881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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39
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Abstract
A case of odontoameloblastoma affecting the left mandible is reported. Initially treated by conservative excision due to its small size, the lesion recurred after 18 months and was treated by radical excision and subsequent reconstruction by a rib graft.
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Gupta DS, Gupta M, Oswal RH. Estimation of major immunoglobulin profile in oral submucous fibrosis by radial immunodiffusion. Int J Oral Surg 1985; 14:533-7. [PMID: 3936802 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9785(85)80060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis is defined as a collagen disease. The major immunoglobulin profile of 10 patients of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is estimated by radial immunodiffusion technique. The possible existence of autoimmune phenomena is expressed. It was observed in the present study that the severity of oral submucous fibrosis was directly proportional to the estimated elevated levels of major immunoglobulins. This may be taken as an indicator to know the gravity of this oral condition and also to evaluate the various related gammopathies and their possible management. It is anticipated that the knowledge of the immunoprofile would open new avenues for exploration of the condition from a new dimension.
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Gupta DS, Oswal RH. Anaerobic infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery (report of 7 cases). J Indian Dent Assoc 1985; 57:447-50. [PMID: 3869815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
A case of pan-mandibular keratocyst with eosinophilia is presented. The authors have not so far in the literature come across such an extensive cystic lesion involving complete mandible and showing no preponderant signs or symptoms.
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Gupta DS, Gupta MK, Bhagat Singh AD. Fractures of the facial skeleton. A retrospective survey of 624 cases. J Indian Dent Assoc 1985; 57:173-4, 190. [PMID: 3864863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Mehrotra P, Gupta DS, Trivedi JK. Craniofacial pattern in mentally retarded children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1985; 3:15-22. [PMID: 3869206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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45
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Gupta DS, Gupta MK, Borle RM. Burkitt's lymphoma of jaws. J Indian Dent Assoc 1984; 56:329-34. [PMID: 6595308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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46
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Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide moiety (O18ac polysaccharide) of the O18ac antigen (lipopolysaccharide) from Escherichia coli 2980 (O18ac:K5:Fim+:H-) was isolated in pure form by degradation of the lipopolysaccharide and chromatography on Sephadex G-50. The primary structure of the O18ac polysaccharide was elucidated by composition, fragmentation procedures, methylation analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The polysaccharide consists of repeating units of the pentasaccharide: (formula; see text) which are joined in the polymer by alpha-1,2 linkages.
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Siddiqui HK, Gupta DS. Effect of heat treatment on 18.8 Truchrome stainless steel wire. J Indian Dent Assoc 1984; 56:75-8. [PMID: 6590635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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48
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Gupta DS, Borle RM. Operation theatre discipline. J Indian Dent Assoc 1983; 55:437-40. [PMID: 6590624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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49
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Gupta DS, Gupta MK. Sickle cell osteomyelitis of mandible. J Indian Dent Assoc 1983; 55:363-366. [PMID: 6586846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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50
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Gupta DS, Gupta MK, Shori DD. Malignant chondroma. J Indian Dent Assoc 1983; 55:319-22. [PMID: 6582165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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