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Carbone F, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Paolino S, Torre F, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Cutolo M. Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Promoters and Opponents. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 58:1-14. [PMID: 30259381 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-018-8714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Substantial epidemiological data identified cardiovascular (CV) diseases as a main cause of mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In light of this, RA patients may benefit from additional CV risk screening and more intensive prevention strategies. Nevertheless, current algorithms for CV risk stratification still remain tailored on general population and are burdened by a significant underestimation of CV risk in RA patients. Acute CV events in patients with RA are largely related to an accelerated atherosclerosis. As pathophysiological features of atherosclerosis overlap those occurring in the inflamed RA synovium, the understanding of those common pathways represents an urgent need and a leading challenge for CV prevention in patients with RA. Genetic background, metabolic status, gut microbiome, and systemic inflammation have been also suggested as additional key pro-atherosclerotic factors. The aim of this narrative review is to update the current knowledge about pathophysiology of atherogenesis in RA patients and potential anti-atherosclerotic effects of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 12 Wagistrasse, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Paolino
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Torre
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy. .,Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
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Bonaventura A, Carbone F, Liberale L, Mach F, Roth A, Burger F, Pende A, Vecchié A, Bertolotto M, Spinella G, Pane B, Palombo D, Dallegri F, Montecucco F. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio at the time of carotid endarterectomy is associated with acute coronary syndrome occurrence. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2020; 21:80-82. [PMID: 31567635 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Pende
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinella
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network
| | - Bianca Pane
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Vecchié A, Montecucco F, Carbone F, Dallegri F, Bonaventura A. Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Is It All About Glycemia? Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3112-3127. [PMID: 31470783 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190830181944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is increasing over time, mainly driven by obesity, aging, and urbanization. Classical macro- and microvascular complications represent the final result of a complex interplay involving atherosclerosis at all stages. METHODS In this review, we aim at focusing on current updates in the pathophysiology of vascular disease in diabetes and discussing how new therapies might influence the management of these patients at high cardiovascular risk. Diabetes shows accelerated atherosclerosis with a larger inflammatory cell infiltrate, thus favoring the development of heart failure. 'Diabetic cardiomyopathy' perfectly describes a specific ischemia- and hypertension- independent entity due to diabetes-related metabolic alterations on myocardial function. Moreover, platelets from subjects with diabetes display a typical hyperreactivity explaining the stronger adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Additionally, diabetes provokes an exaggerated stimulation of the endothelium, with an increased release of reactive oxygen species and a reduced release of nitric oxide, both key elements of the endothelial dysfunction. Also, the coagulation cascade and leukocytes activate contributing to this pro-thrombotic environment. Neutrophils have been recently recognized to play a pivotal role by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps. Finally, microparticles from platelets, neutrophils or monocytes are detrimental effectors on the vessel wall and are involved both in vascular dysfunction and in thrombotic complications. CONCLUSION In light of these findings, the therapeutic management of diabetes needs to be mostly focused on limiting the progression of complications by targeting precise pathophysiological mechanisms rather than the mere glycemic control, which failed to markedly reduce the risk for macrovascular complications and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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Bonaventura A, Grossi F, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Minetti S, Bardi N, Elia E, Ansaldo AM, Ferrara D, Rijavec E, Dal Bello MG, Rossi G, Biello F, Tagliamento M, Alama A, Coco S, Spallarossa P, Dallegri F, Genova C, Montecucco F. Resistin is associated with overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients during nivolumab treatment. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1603-1610. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Montecucco F, Dallegri F, Carbone F. Impact of Red Wine Consumption on Cardiovascular Health. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3542-3566. [PMID: 28521683 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170518100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The devastating effects of heavy alcohol drinking have been long time recognized. In the last decades, potential benefits of modest red wine drinking were suggested. In European countries in which red wide intake is not negligible (such as France), the association between cholesterol and cardiovascular (CV) risk was less evident, suggesting the action of some protective molecules in red wine or other foods and drinks. METHODS This narrative review is based on the material searched for and obtained via PubMed up to May 2016. The search terms we used were: "red wine, cardiovascular, alcohol" in combination with "polyphenols, heart failure, infarction". RESULTS Epidemiological and mechanistic evidence of a J-shaped relationship between red wine intake and CV risk further supported the "French paradox". Specific components of red wine both in vitro and in animal models were discovered. Polyphenols and especially resveratrol largely contribute to CV prevention mainly through antioxidant properties. They exert beneficial effects on endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic diseases, thus reducing the risk of adverse CV events such as myocardial infarction ischemic stroke and heart failure. Of interest, recent studies pointed out the role of ethanol itself as a potential cardioprotective agent, but a clear epidemiological evidence is still missing. The aim of this narrative review is to update current knowledge on the intracellular mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effects of polyphenols and ethanol. Furthermore, we summarized the results of epidemiological studies, emphasizing their methodological criticisms and the need for randomized clinical trials able to clarify the potential role of red wine consumption in reducing CV risk. CONCLUSION Caution in avowing underestimation of the global burden of alcohol-related diseases was particularly used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genova, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genova, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Carlotta F, Raffaella R, Ilaria A, Alessandro N, Mannuccio MP, Mannucci PM, Nobili A, Pietrangelo A, Perticone F, Licata G, Violi F, Corazza GR, Corrao S, Marengoni A, Salerno F, Cesari M, Tettamanti M, Pasina L, Franchi C, Franchi C, Cortesi L, Tettamanti M, Miglio G, Tettamanti M, Cortesi L, Ardoino I, Novella A, Prisco D, Silvestri E, Emmi G, Bettiol A, Caterina C, Biolo G, Zanetti M, Guadagni M, Zaccari M, Chiuch M, Zaccari M, Vanoli M, Grignani G, Pulixi EA, Bernardi M, Bassi SL, Santi L, Zaccherini G, Lupattelli G, Mannarino E, Bianconi V, Paciullo F, Alcidi R, Nuti R, Valenti R, Ruvio M, Cappelli S, Palazzuoli A, Girelli D, Busti F, Marchi G, Barbagallo M, Dominguez L, Cocita F, Beneduce V, Plances L, Corrao S, Natoli G, Mularo S, Raspanti M, Cavallaro F, Zoli M, Lazzari I, Brunori M, Fabbri E, Magalotti D, Arnò R, Pasini FL, Capecchi PL, Palasciano G, Modeo ME, Gennaro CD, Cappellini MD, Maira D, Di Stefano V, Fabio G, Seghezzi S, Mancarella M, De Amicis MM, De Luca G, Scaramellini N, Cesari M, Rossi PD, Damanti S, Clerici M, Conti F, Bonini G, Ottolini BB, Di Sabatino A, Miceli E, Lenti MV, Pisati M, Dominioni CC, Murialdo G, Marra A, Cattaneo F, Pontremoli R, Beccati V, Nobili G, Secchi MB, Ghelfi D, Anastasio L, Sofia L, Carbone M, Cipollone F, Guagnano MT, Valeriani E, Rossi I, Mancuso G, Calipari D, Bartone M, Delitala G, Berria M, Pes C, Delitala A, Muscaritoli M, Molfino A, Petrillo E, Zuccalà G, D’Aurizio G, Romanelli G, Marengoni A, Zucchelli A, Manzoni F, Volpini A, Picardi A, Gentilucci UV, Gallo P, Dell’Unto C, Annoni G, Corsi M, Bellelli G, Zazzetta S, Mazzola P, Szabo H, Bonfanti A, Arturi F, Succurro E, Rubino M, Tassone B, Sesti G, Interna M, Serra MG, Bleve MA, Gasbarrone L, Sajeva MR, Brucato A, Ghidoni S, Fabris F, Bertozzi I, Bogoni G, Rabuini MV, Cosi E, Scarinzi P, Amabile A, Omenetto E, Prandini T, Manfredini R, Fabbian F, Boari B, Giorgi AD, Tiseo R, De Giorgio R, Paolisso G, Rizzo MR, Borghi C, Strocchi E, Ianniello E, Soldati M, Sabbà C, Vella FS, Suppressa P, Schilardi A, Loparco F, De Vincenzo GM, Comitangelo A, Amoruso E, Fenoglio L, Falcetta A, Bracco C, Fracanzani AL, Fargion S, Tiraboschi S, Cespiati A, Oberti G, Sigon G, Peyvandi F, Rossio R, Ferrari B, Colombo G, Agosti P, Monzani V, Savojardo V, Folli C, Ceriani G, Salerno F, Pallini G, Dallegri F, Ottonello L, Liberale L, Caserza L, Salam K, Liberato NL, Tognin T, Bianchi GB, Giaquinto S, Purrello F, Di Pino A, Piro S, Rozzini R, Falanga L, Spazzini E, Ferrandina C, Montrucchio G, Petitti P, Peasso P, Favale E, Poletto C, Salmi R, Gaudenzi P, Violi F, Perri L, Landolfi R, Montalto M, Mirijello A, Guasti L, Castiglioni L, Maresca A, Squizzato A, Campiotti L, Grossi A, Bertolotti M, Mussi C, Lancellotti G, Libbra MV, Dondi G, Pellegrini E, Carulli L, Galassi M, Grassi Y, Perticone F, Perticone M, Battaglia R, FIlice M, Maio R, Stanghellini V, Ruggeri E, del Vecchio S, Salvi A, Leonardi R, Damiani G, Capeci W, Gabrielli A, Mattioli M, Martino GP, Biondi L, Pettinari P, Ghio R, Col AD, Minisola S, Colangelo L, Cilli M, Labbadia G, Afeltra A, Marigliano B, Pipita ME, Castellino P, Zanoli L, Pignataro S, Gennaro A, Blanco J, Saracco V, Fogliati M, Bussolino C, Mete F, Gino M, Cittadini A, Vigorito C, Arcopinto M, Salzano A, Bobbio E, Marra AM, Sirico D, Moreo G, Gasparini F, Prolo S, Pina G, Ballestrero A, Ferrando F, Berra S, Dassi S, Nava MC, Graziella B, Baldassarre S, Fragapani S, Gruden G, Galanti G, Mascherini G, Petri C, Stefani L, Girino M, Piccinelli V, Nasso F, Gioffrè V, Pasquale M, Scattolin G, Martinelli S, Turrin M, Sechi L, Catena C, Colussi G, Passariello N, Rinaldi L, Berti F, Famularo G, Tarsitani P, Castello R, Pasino M, Ceda GP, Maggio MG, Morganti S, Artoni A, Del Giacco S, Firinu D, Losa F, Paoletti G, Costanzo G, Montalto G, Licata A, Malerba V, Montalto FA, Lasco A, Basile G, Catalano A, Malatino L, Stancanelli B, Terranova V, Di Marca S, Di Quattro R, La Malfa L, Caruso R, Mecocci P, Ruggiero C, Boccardi V, Meschi T, Lauretani F, Ticinesi A, Nouvenne A, Minuz P, Fondrieschi L, Pirisi M, Fra GP, Sola D, Porta M, Riva P, Quadri R, Larovere E, Novelli M, Scanzi G, Mengoli C, Provini S, Ricevuti L, Simeone E, Scurti R, Tolloso F, Tarquini R, Valoriani A, Dolenti S, Vannini G, Tedeschi A, Trotta L, Volpi R, Bocchi P, Vignali A, Harari S, Lonati C, Cattaneo M, Napoli F. Prevalence of use and appropriateness of antidepressants prescription in acutely hospitalized elderly patients. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 68:e7-e11. [PMID: 31405773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Carbone F, Grossi F, Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, Minetti S, Bardi N, Elia E, Ansaldo AM, Ferrara D, Rijavec E, Dal Bello MG, Biello F, Rossi G, Tagliamento M, Alama A, Coco S, Spallarossa P, Dallegri F, Genova C, Montecucco F. Baseline serum levels of osteopontin predict clinical response to treatment with nivolumab in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 36:449-456. [PMID: 31376097 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with nivolumab improves survival and response rate in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, due to its high financial cost, identifying predictors of response to treatment has become an urgent need. Here, we focused on serum osteopontin (OPN), a pleiotropic protein overexpressed in lung cancer and involved in the immune response. A cohort of NSCLC patients (n = 72) treated with nivolumab was enrolled. Blood samples were collected at the time of first five nivolumab administrations. OPN and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assayed at each time point. The primary endpoint was to assess the predictive value of baseline serum levels of OPN towards overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included the potential association between OPN, hs-CRP and response to nivolumab. OPN and hs-CRP correlate with each other, with neutrophil count and biochemical markers of metastatic disease. At baseline, serum OPN increased with increasing Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale of Performance Status (ECOG PS). When Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale of Performance Status) (RECIST) criteria were considered, high baseline OPN levels were associated with a worse response to nivolumab. Cox hazard regression further confirmed baseline serum OPN as a predictor of mortality with the best predictive accuracy for serum levels above 37.7 ng/mL. Patients above the cut-off value had a higher mortality rate as compared to low serum OPN levels during follow up. Serum OPN may have a predictive role in NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab. Although larger confirmatory studies are needed, measuring serum OPN levels at baseline can be a clinically useful tool in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy. .,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesco Grossi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 19 via della Commenda, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Minetti
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicholas Bardi
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Elia
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ansaldo
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Ferrara
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Rijavec
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 19 via della Commenda, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Dal Bello
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo R. Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Biello
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità" di Novara, 28 Largo Bellini, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo R. Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Tagliamento
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo R. Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Alama
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo R. Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Coco
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo R. Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Spallarossa
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Genova
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, 10 Largo R. Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16143, Genoa, Italy
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Carbone F, Elia E, Casula M, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Bertolotto M, Artom N, Minetti S, Dallegri F, Contini P, Verzola D, Pontremoli R, Viazzi F, Viviani GL, Bertolini S, Pende A, Pisciotta L, Montecucco F. Baseline hs-CRP predicts hypertension remission in metabolic syndrome. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13128. [PMID: 31091356 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation, overweight and other cardiovascular risk factors might negatively impact on hypertension remission in metabolic syndrome (MetS), independently of the pharmacological treatment. Here, the potential influence of systemic inflammation (assessed by serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) on hypertension remission will be investigated in a cohort of hypertensive patients with MetS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hypertensive patients with MetS (n = 100) were enrolled, treated under current behavior/dietary/pharmacological recommendations and followed up for 12 months. All patients received medications and nutritional advice based on Mediterranean-like dietary pattern in addition to psychological and physical activity counselling. At baseline (T0), 6 (T1) and 12 (T2) months of follow-up, clinical data, haematological and biochemical profiles and serum hs-CRP were measured. RESULTS As compared to T0, at T2 patients displayed improvements in anthropometric and metabolic profiles. At T2, the hypertension remission rate was 13.0%. Serum hs-CRP did not change overtime in the overall cohort. Surprisingly, patients who experienced hypertension remission were less treated with antihypertensive drugs, but developed a weak improvement in anthropometric measures during follow-up. The hypertension remission group had lower baseline levels of hs-CRP as compared to non-remission. Low baseline hs-CRP (<2 µg/mL, cut-off value identified by ROC curve) predicted hypertension remission, independently of antihypertensive treatment implementation, baseline systolic blood pressure and waist circumference improvement. CONCLUSIONS Remission of hypertension in MetS is independently associated with baseline low CRP levels, which might suggest a critical role for inflammation in sustaining high blood pressure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edorado Elia
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Casula
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nathan Artom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale S. Paolo di Savona, Savona, Italy
| | - Silvia Minetti
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Contini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Verzola
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Pontremoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franesca Viazzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Aldo Pende
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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9
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Bonaventura A, Grossi F, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Minetti S, Bardi N, Elia E, Ansaldo AM, Ferrara D, Rijavec E, Dal Bello MG, Rossi G, Biello F, Tagliamento M, Alama A, Coco S, Spallarossa P, Dallegri F, Genova C, Montecucco F. Serum PCSK9 levels at the second nivolumab cycle predict overall survival in elderly patients with NSCLC: a pilot study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1351-1358. [PMID: 31327024 PMCID: PMC11028217 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 are used for treating NSCLC. To date, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been poorly investigated in the oncologic field. Here, we aimed at evaluating whether serum PCSK9 might represent a predictive factor for OS in older patients with advanced NSCLC under nivolumab treatment. Among 78 patients with advanced, pre-treated NSCLC previously enrolled in a prospective study at Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genoa (Italy), 44 patients have been included in this sub-analysis due to the availability of serum samples for the measurement of PCSK9. Before each nivolumab administration, clinical information and blood samples were collected. Median age was 71, with a prevalence of the male sex. The most represented histological type of lung cancer was adenocarcinoma. The majority of patients were former smokers (72.1%). Median PCSK9 levels were 123.59 (86.32-169.89) ng/mL and 117.17 (80.46-147.79) ng/mL at cycle 1 and 2, respectively. Based on a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a PCSK9 value at cycle 2 of 95 ng/mL was found as the best cutoff point for OS. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients below the PCSK9 cutoff (< 95 ng/mL) experienced a better OS, as confirmed by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. In this pilot study, circulating levels of PCSK9 < 95 ng/mL at the time of the second cycle of nivolumab treatment could independently predict a better OS in elderly patients with advanced, pre-treated NSCLC. However, further studies are warranted to validate these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1200 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - Francesco Grossi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Italian Cardiovascular Network, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1200 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Silvia Minetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicholas Bardi
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Elia
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ansaldo
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Ferrara
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Rijavec
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Dal Bello
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Biello
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Tagliamento
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Alama
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Coco
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Spallarossa
- Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Italian Cardiovascular Network, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Italian Cardiovascular Network, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Genova
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Italian Cardiovascular Network, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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10
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Bonaventura A, Montecucco F, Dallegri F, Carbone F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Liberale L. Novel findings in neutrophil biology and their impact on cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 115:1266-1285. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa – Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa – Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
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11
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Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Bonomi A, Scopinaro N, Camerini GB, Papadia FS, Maggi D, Cordera R, Dallegri F, Adami G, Montecucco F. Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with long-term T2D remission after metabolic surgery. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:741-748. [PMID: 30993529 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabolic surgery is considered as a therapeutic option for obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In order to identify novel laboratory variables that could improve the selection of patients who might greatly benefit from a surgical approach, we focused on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a predictor of long-term T2D remission following metabolic surgery. METHODS Thirty-one obese patients with T2D included in this pilot study underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) at the Surgical Department of Genoa University, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genoa (Italy). Before surgery, serum samples were collected to evaluate blood count, glycemic profile, and circulating neutrophil degranulation products. RESULTS The median age was 56 years, median body mass index (BMI) was 32.37 kg/m2, and median glycated hemoglobin was 8.4%. White blood cell count was in a range of normality, with a median NLR of 1.97. By a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, NLR has been found to be significantly associated with T2D remission at 1, 3, and 5 years and the best cutoff of ≤ 1.97 has been identified by Youden index. When comparing study groups according to NLR cutoff, those with NLR ≤ 1.97 were older and underwent more often BPD. By a logistic regression analysis, NLR ≤ 1.97 has been found to predict T2D remission across 5 years, irrespective of baseline BMI. CONCLUSIONS A baseline low NLR is associated with long-term T2D remission in obese patients undergoing metabolic surgery, suggesting that circulating inflammatory cells (i.e., neutrophils) might negatively impact on T2D remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 12 Wagistrasse, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Scopinaro
- International Federation of Surgery for Obesity, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bruno Camerini
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Papadia
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Maggi
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Renzo Cordera
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Adami
- International Federation of Surgery for Obesity, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Deparment of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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12
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Bonaventura A, Leale I, Carbone F, Liberale L, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Borgonovo G. Pre-surgery age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index is associated with worse outcomes in acute cholecystitis. Dig Liver Dis 2019; 51:858-863. [PMID: 30529046 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beneficial effects of cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis (AC) might be weakened by complications. The age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) assesses disease relevance in the prediction of one-year mortality. AIMS To evaluate whether age-adjusted CCI predicted complications (including surgical complications, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and in-hospital death) among patients undergoing cholecystectomy for AC. Associations between age-adjusted CCI and the length of hospital stay have been also evaluated. METHODS 271 patients were enrolled at Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (Genoa, Italy) between 2005 and 2013. Clinical data and blood samples were collected. RESULTS Patients' median age was 67 years. They underwent more frequently video-laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a limited rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy. Surgical complications occurred in 23 patients (8.5%). 6 patients (2.2%) needed ICU admission, while death occurred in 4 patients (1.5%). According to the cut-off point identified by ROC curve, an age-adjusted CCI cut-off value of 5 was found predictive for in-hospital complications also when confounders were considered (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.79, p = 0.035). No association between adjusted CCI and the length of hospital stay was found. CONCLUSIONS In patients surgically treated for AC, age-adjusted CCI could represent an additional tool, along with available risk scores, to help surgeons in choosing the best therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Irene Leale
- HBP Surgery and Liver Transplant, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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13
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Ferrara D, Montecucco F, Dallegri F, Carbone F. Impact of different ectopic fat depots on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21630-21641. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ferrara
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network Genoa Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network Genoa Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network Genoa Italy
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14
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Carbone F, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Poggi A, Nobili FM, Cacciapaglia F, Afeltra A, Moccetti T, Colombo BM. Serum osteopontin negatively impacts on intima-media thickness in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13089. [PMID: 30767212 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) has been extensively used for potentially improving cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification in several patients' categories. Subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been investigated by both imaging and molecular biomarker approaches with contrasting results. Here, we focused on the role of osteopontin (OPN) as biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis associated with SLE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty females (age 18-65 years) affected by SLE and eighty age-matched healthy female controls without a clinical history of CV disease underwent ultrasound evaluation of cIMT and blood sample assay of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and OPN. RESULTS Healthy controls and SLE patients significantly differed for CV risk factors (ie, waist circumference, hypertension and dyslipidaemia) and the inflammatory status. Noteworthy, an opposite association between cIMT and OPN was observed in the two study groups. Whereas OPN was positively associated with mean cIMT (r = 0.364; P = 0.001) in SLE patients, a negative correlation was found in healthy controls. Furthermore, in SLE patients increased circulating levels of OPN were associated with the use of hydroxychloroquine and the positivity for the anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. At linear regression analysis, only OPN remained independently associated with cIMT also after adjustment for age, smoking pack-year, Heart SCORE, disease length and steroid therapy length. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that serum OPN levels were strongly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with LES and it might be a useful CV biomarker that requires additional validation in larger trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavio Mariano Nobili
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy.,Clinical Neurology, Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Cacciapaglia
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Afeltra
- Unit of Allergology, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziano Moccetti
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation and Swiss Institute for Regenerative Medicine (SIRM), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Barbara M Colombo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy
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15
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Carbone F, Bodini G, Brunacci M, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Liberale L, Crespi M, Baldissarro I, Dallegri F, Savarino V, Montecucco F, Giannini EG. Reduction in TIMP-2 serum levels predicts remission of inflammatory bowel diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e13002. [PMID: 30011062 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) as potential players in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but, no prospective data are available in IBD remission/relapse. MATERIAL & METHODS In this prospective pilot study, a cohort of IBD patients (n = 32) was enrolled and treated with monoclonal anti-TNF-α antibodies. Patients were clinically followed up for a median period of 54 weeks. Serum circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), TIMP-1 and -2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and -8, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase (NE) were assessed by ELISA at enrolment and at the end of the treatment. RESULTS The percentage (%) TIMP-2 reduction from baseline to end of treatment was independently associated with IBD remission at the end of treatment and follow-up as well. ROC curve analysis further confirmed the good prognostic accuracy of % TIMP-2 reduction over the treatment period. Conversely, no other change in inflammatory molecule concentrations was able to predict short- or long-term IBD remission. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates TIMP-2 reduction during IBD treatment with monoclonal anti-TNF-α antibodies as a potential prognostic parameter of short and long term remission. To understand if TIMP-2 is an innocent biomarker or an active pathophysiological factor in IBD remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bodini
- Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunacci
- Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchiè
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Crespi
- Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Isabella Baldissarro
- Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Savarino
- Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Giannini
- Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Ansaldo AM, Montecucco F, Sahebkar A, Dallegri F, Carbone F. Epicardial adipose tissue and cardiovascular diseases. Int J Cardiol 2018; 278:254-260. [PMID: 30297191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a heterogeneous disease with different degrees of cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic manifestations. Certain ectopic fat depots may contribute to obesity-related CV risk and may explain part of the risk differential observed in metabolically healthy obese and the so called "obesity paradox". The growing interest towards the potential impact of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in cardiovascular (CV) risk has led to deepen its biological function. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors may drive the shift towards a dysfunctional EAT characterized by a pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic phenotype. Due to the close anatomic proximity to coronary arteries, a thicker and dysfunctional EAT actively contribute to development and progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Beside classical paracrine transmission, EAT may directly release mediators into the vasa vasorum of the coronary arterial wall, a mechanism referred to as "vasocrine". Similarly, the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic secretome characterizing dysfunctional EAT may impair cardiac structure and function, thus being implicated in the pathogenesis of diastolic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The development of 3D imaging techniques have paved the way for clarifying the causative role of EAT in CV pathophysiology, the use of EAT volume/thickness in CV risk stratification and potential cardio-protective effects of EAT reduction. The aim of this narrative review is to update current knowledge on the pathophysiological functions of EAT, focusing on basic mechanisms and potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Ansaldo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Carbone F, Adami G, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Bertolotto M, Andraghetti G, Scopinaro N, Camerini GB, Papadia FS, Cordera R, Dallegri F, Montecucco F. Serum levels of osteopontin predict diabetes remission after bariatric surgery. Diabetes Metab 2018; 45:356-362. [PMID: 30268840 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Bariatric surgery has been shown to effectively improve glycaemic control in morbidly obese subjects. However, the molecular bases of this association are still elusive and may act independently of weight loss. Here, our retrospective study has investigated the inflammatory molecule osteopontin (OPN) as a potential predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission. METHODS Baseline serum levels of OPN were analyzed in 41 T2DM patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Anthropometric measures and biochemical variables, including insulin sensitivity indices (HOMA2), were assessed at baseline and at 1 and 3 years after surgery. RESULTS At baseline, patients who experienced T2DM remission had increased waist circumference, body weight and BMI, and higher serum OPN, compared with non-remitters. Patients with and without T2DM remission improved their lipid and glucose profiles, although insulin resistance indices were only improved in the T2DM remission group. In the overall cohort of both T2DM remission and non-remission patients, baseline circulating levels of OPN significantly correlated with reductions of body weight and BMI over time, and insulin sensitivity improved as well. However, only the HOMA2-%S remained independently associated with serum OPN on multivariate linear regression analysis (B: 0.227, 95% CI: 0.067-0.387, β = 0.831; P = 0.010). Baseline values of OPN predicted 3-year T2DM remission independently of body weight loss, lower BMI and duration of diabetes (OR: 1.046, 95% CI: 1.004-1.090; P = 0.033). CONCLUSION Although larger studies are still needed to confirm our preliminary results, pre-operative OPN serum levels might be useful for predicting 3-year T2DM remission independently of weight loss in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - G Adami
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - L Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 12 Wagistrasse, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - M Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - G Andraghetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - N Scopinaro
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - G B Camerini
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F S Papadia
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - R Cordera
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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18
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Liberale L, Bertolotto M, Carbone F, Contini P, Wüst P, Spinella G, Pane B, Palombo D, Bonaventura A, Pende A, Mach F, Dallegri F, Camici GG, Montecucco F. Resistin exerts a beneficial role in atherosclerotic plaque inflammation by inhibiting neutrophil migration. Int J Cardiol 2018; 272:13-19. [PMID: 30075966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil functions have been shown to be modulated by adipocytokines during atherogenesis. The immuno-regulatory role of resistin on neutrophil-mediated activities in atherosclerotic patients remains elusive. Here, we aimed at exploring the association between serum levels of resistin and neutrophil products either in the systemic circulation or within plaques in a cohort of patients with severe carotid plaque stenosis undergoing endarterectomy. In addition, we assessed the effects of resistin on neutrophil pro-atherosclerotic functions in vitro. METHODS Inflammatory biomarkers, neutrophil products and resistin levels were assessed in patients' sera and carotid plaques by ELISA and immunohistochemistry analysis. In vitro, human primary neutrophils isolated from healthy donors were assessed on different substrate cultures for: degranulation (by ELISA), migration (by microchemotaxis Boyden chamber), F-actin polymerization (by fluorescent assay), integrin and chemokine receptor expression (by flow cytometry) and apoptosis (by both morphologic analysis and flow cytometry). RESULTS Serum resistin was positively correlated with serum levels of neutrophil granule products, but inversely with intraplaque neutrophil and MMP-9 contents. In vitro, resistin was detected in supernatants of degranulating neutrophils and positively correlated with other granule products. Although resistin did not affect neutrophil degranulation, apoptosis and integrin or chemokine receptor expression, pre-incubation with human recombinant resistin abrogated CXCL8-induced neutrophil migration and F-actin polymerization by inhibiting ERK2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Resistin can be released by degranulating neutrophils and blunts neutrophil plaque infiltration by modulating their migration towards known atherosclerotic mediators. These results suggest a potential immunoregulatory role of resistin in inhibiting neutrophil-mediated atherosclerotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Contini
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia Wüst
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Spinella
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Bianca Pane
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Pende
- Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Rosanna Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Dallegri F, Ballestrero A, Ottonello L, Patrone F. Platelets as Scavengers of Neutrophil-Derived Oxidants: A Possible Defence Mechanism at Sites of Vascular Injury. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPlatelets (PLTs) were found to inhibit the chemiluminescence (CL) response of neutrophils (neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMNs) activated with phorbol myristate acetate. The inhibition of the PMN CL response could be efficiently prevented by pulsing PLTs with carmustine (BCNU) to block their glutathione cycle. In ancillary experiments, the CL response of PMNs was inhibited by catalase (H2O2-scavenger), azide (myeloperoxidase-MPO-inhibitor), taurine (hypoclorous acid- HOCL-scavenger) and chloride ion omission. These data suggest that the PMN CL response requires the HOCL production by the following pathway: H2O2 + Cl- HOCL + H2O. Therefore, the BCNU-preventable PLT-induced inhibition of CL may reflect the consumption of PMN-derived H2O2by the PLT glutathione cycle with a consequent impairment of the HOCL production. Consistent with such a possibility, PLTs lowered the H2O2 and HOCL recovery from PMNs via a BCNU-inhibitable process. Based on these results, we suggest that PLTs have the capacity of limiting the oxidant production by PMNs. This PLT capacity may represent a natural device for the protection of vascular structures from PMN-mediated oxidative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Dallegri
- The First Medical Clinic, University of Genova Medical School, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Ballestrero
- The First Medical Clinic, University of Genova Medical School, Genova, Italy
| | - Luciano Ottonello
- The First Medical Clinic, University of Genova Medical School, Genova, Italy
| | - Franco Patrone
- The First Medical Clinic, University of Genova Medical School, Genova, Italy
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20
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Liberale L, Carbone F, Bertolotto M, Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, Mach F, Burger F, Pende A, Spinella G, Pane B, Camici GG, Palombo D, Dallegri F, Montecucco F. Serum PCSK9 levels predict the occurrence of acute coronary syndromes in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis. Int J Cardiol 2018; 263:138-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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21
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Proietti M, Antoniazzi S, Monzani V, Santalucia P, Franchi C, Fenoglio LM, Melchio R, Fabris F, Sartori MT, Manfredini R, De Giorgi A, Fabbian F, Biolo G, Zanetti M, Altamura N, Sabbà C, Suppressa P, Bandiera F, Usai C, Murialdo G, Fezza F, Marra A, Castelli F, Cattaneo F, Beccati V, di Minno G, Tufano A, Contaldi P, Lupattelli G, Bianconi V, Cappellini D, Hu C, Minonzio F, Fargion S, Burdick L, Francione P, Peyvandi F, Rossio R, Colombo G, Monzani V, Ceriani G, Lucchi T, Brignolo B, Manfellotto D, Caridi I, Corazza GR, Miceli E, Padula D, Fraternale G, Guasti L, Squizzato A, Maresca A, Liberato NL, Tognin T, Rozzini R, Bellucci FB, Muscaritoli M, Molfino A, Petrillo E, Dore M, Mete F, Gino M, Franceschi F, Gabrielli M, Perticone F, Perticone M, Bertolotti M, Mussi C, Borghi C, Strocchi E, Durazzo M, Fornengo P, Dallegri F, Ottonello LC, Salam K, Caserza L, Barbagallo M, Di Bella G, Annoni G, Bruni AA, Odetti P, Nencioni A, Monacelli F, Napolitano A, Brucato A, Valenti A, Castellino P, Zanoli L, Mazzeo M. Use of oral anticoagulant drugs in older patients with atrial fibrillation in internal medicine wards. Eur J Intern Med 2018; 52:e12-e14. [PMID: 29657108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Proietti
- Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Quality Assessment of Geriatric Therapies and Services, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Antoniazzi
- Scientific Direction, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli - Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valter Monzani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Santalucia
- Scientific Direction, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Ospedale Piemonte, Messina, Italy
| | - Carlotta Franchi
- Unit of Pharmacoepidemiological Research in Older People, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy.
| | - Luigi M Fenoglio
- Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle di Cuneo - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Remo Melchio
- Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle di Cuneo - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova - Clinica Medica I, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Manfredini
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara - Arcispedale S. Anna - Clinica Medica, Italy
| | - Alfredo De Giorgi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara - Arcispedale S. Anna - Clinica Medica, Italy
| | - Fabio Fabbian
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara - Arcispedale S. Anna - Clinica Medica, Italy
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara - Clinica Medica, Italy
| | - Michela Zanetti
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara - Clinica Medica, Italy
| | - Nicola Altamura
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara - Clinica Medica, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Suppressa
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Usai
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Murialdo
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica di Medicina Interna 2, Italy
| | - Francesca Fezza
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica di Medicina Interna 2, Italy
| | - Alessio Marra
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica di Medicina Interna 2, Italy
| | - Francesca Castelli
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica di Medicina Interna 2, Italy
| | - Federico Cattaneo
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica di Medicina Interna 2, Italy
| | - Valentina Beccati
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica di Medicina Interna 2, Italy
| | - Giovanni di Minno
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II di Napoli - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Antonella Tufano
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II di Napoli - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Paola Contaldi
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II di Napoli - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Graziana Lupattelli
- Ospedale "Santa Maria della Misericordia", S. Andrea delle Fratte di Perugia - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Ospedale "Santa Maria della Misericordia", S. Andrea delle Fratte di Perugia - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Domenica Cappellini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Hu
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Francesca Minonzio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Silvia Fargion
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Metabolico, Italy
| | - Larry Burdick
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Metabolico, Italy
| | - Paolo Francione
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Metabolico, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Ematologia non tumorale e Coagulopatie, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rossio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Ematologia non tumorale e Coagulopatie, Italy
| | - Giulia Colombo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Ematologia non tumorale e Coagulopatie, Italy
| | - Valter Monzani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna ad Alta Intensità Di Cura, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ceriani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Medicina Interna ad Alta Intensità Di Cura, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Lucchi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Geriatria, Italy
| | - Barbara Brignolo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano - Geriatria, Italy
| | - Dario Manfellotto
- Ospedale San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli di Roma - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Irene Caridi
- Ospedale San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli di Roma - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Miceli
- IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia - Clinica Medica I, Italy
| | - Donatella Padula
- IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia - Clinica Medica I, Italy
| | - Giacomo Fraternale
- IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia - Clinica Medica I, Italy
| | - Luigina Guasti
- Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Sette-Laghi, Varese, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Varese - Medicina Interna 1, Italy
| | - Alessandro Squizzato
- Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Sette-Laghi, Varese, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Varese - Medicina Interna 1, Italy
| | - Andrea Maresca
- Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Sette-Laghi, Varese, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Varese - Medicina Interna 1, Italy
| | - Nicola Lucio Liberato
- Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale di Pavia Ospedale Civile "C. Mira" di Casorate Primo - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Tiziana Tognin
- Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale di Pavia Ospedale Civile "C. Mira" di Casorate Primo - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Renzo Rozzini
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero di Brescia - Geriatria, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Muscaritoli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I di Roma - Medicina Interna e Nutrizione Clinica, Italy
| | - Alessio Molfino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I di Roma - Medicina Interna e Nutrizione Clinica, Italy
| | - Enrico Petrillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I di Roma - Medicina Interna e Nutrizione Clinica, Italy
| | - Maurizio Dore
- Ospedale degli Infermi Di Rivoli - Medicina Generale, Italy
| | - Francesca Mete
- Ospedale degli Infermi Di Rivoli - Medicina Generale, Italy
| | - Miriam Gino
- Ospedale degli Infermi Di Rivoli - Medicina Generale, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" di Roma - Medicina D'Urgenza e Pronto Soccorso, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gabrielli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" di Roma - Medicina D'Urgenza e Pronto Soccorso, Italy
| | - Francesco Perticone
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria "Mater Domini" di Catanzaro - Geriatria, Italy
| | - Maria Perticone
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria "Mater Domini" di Catanzaro - Geriatria, Italy
| | - Marco Bertolotti
- Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense di Modena - Geriatria e Post-Acuzie Geriatria, Italy
| | - Chiara Mussi
- Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense di Modena - Geriatria e Post-Acuzie Geriatria, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Enrico Strocchi
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Marilena Durazzo
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino - Presidio Molinette, Medicina Interna 3, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornengo
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino - Presidio Molinette, Medicina Interna 3, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | | | - Kassem Salam
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Lara Caserza
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico P. Giaccone di Palermo - Geriatria, Italy
| | - Giovanna Di Bella
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico P. Giaccone di Palermo - Geriatria, Italy
| | - Giorgio Annoni
- Ospedale S.Gerardo di Monza, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale di Monza, Clinica Geriatrica Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca - Clinica Geriatrica, Italy
| | - Adriana Antonella Bruni
- Ospedale S.Gerardo di Monza, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale di Monza, Clinica Geriatrica Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca - Clinica Geriatrica, Italy
| | - Patrizio Odetti
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica Geriatrica, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova - Clinica Geriatrica, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Brucato
- Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII di Bergamo - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Anna Valenti
- Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII di Bergamo - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Pietro Castellino
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" di Catania - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Luca Zanoli
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" di Catania - Medicina Interna, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzeo
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" di Catania - Medicina Interna, Italy
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22
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Carbone F, Nulli Migliola E, Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, De Vuono S, Ricci MA, Vaudo G, Boni M, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Lupattelli G. High serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) predict beneficial decrease of visceral fat in obese females after sleeve gastrectomy. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:494-500. [PMID: 29502925 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gender-related differences represent an emerging investigation field to better understand obesity heterogeneity and paradoxically associated cardiovascular (CV) risk. Here, we investigated if high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) might differently affect adiposity and predict the clinical response to bariatric surgery in obese males and females. METHODS AND RESULTS In 110 morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, hs-CRP as well as anthropometric assessment of adiposity, completed by electric bioimpedance and ultrasonography quantification of visceral fat area (VFA), were measured before and one year after surgery. As compared to males, obese female showed less severe overweight and prevalent subcutaneous fat deposition, but higher circulating hs-CRP. In obese females, hs-CRP was associated with VFA at baseline, independently of body mass index (BMI) and visceral adiposity index (OR 1.022 [95% CI 1.001-1.044]; p = 0.039). Based on decreases and increases in hs-CRP levels after surgery, two distinct subgroups of females were identified. Post-surgery decreases in hs-CRP was predominantly observed in patients with higher baseline levels of hs-CRP and associated with greater reduction of weight, BMI, fat and lean mass, VFA and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio. Finally, we observed that high baseline values of hs-CRP were able to predict VFA reduction one-year after surgery, independently of BMI and visceral adiposity index (VAI) loss (OR 1.031 [95% CI 1.009-1.053]; p = 0.005). CONCLUSION In obese females, hs-CRP levels might be a promising biomarker of visceral fat amount and dysfunction, in addition to predict the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in terms of loss of VFA one-year after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - E Nulli Migliola
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - S De Vuono
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - M A Ricci
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Vaudo
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Boni
- Surgery Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Via Massimo Arcamone, 06034, Foligno, Italy
| | - F Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Lupattelli
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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23
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Patrone F, Dallegri F, Brema F, Sacchetti C. In Vitro Function of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia Granulocytes. Effects of Irradiation and Storage. Tumori 2018; 65:27-37. [PMID: 286467 DOI: 10.1177/030089167906500104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte function was studied in 9 patients with untreated, Ph1-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). The nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by stimulated granulocytes was impaired in all patients; 4 patients also had diminished phagocytosis and 2 others defective Chemotaxis. In spite of this variety of polymorphonuclear (PMN) functional impairments, there is little evidence of increased susceptibility to infections in CML patients. This suggests that CML-PMN leucocytes (PMNs) may be successfully used for transfusion into neutropenic recipients, as previously reported. To evaluate the effects of irradiation and liquid storage on CML-PMNs, 5 of our patients were subjected to leukapheresis by continuous-flow centrifugation in the Aminco Celltrifuge, and granulocyte functional capacities were also evaluated on the cell-rich plasma immediately after collection and after short-term storage at 4°C with or without irradiation (1500 rads). As evaluated by in vitro studies, granulocytes maintained, even after irradiation, functional activities similar to those found immediately after collection up to 24 h of storage at 4°C and presented a moderate loss of function after 48 h. Chemotaxis appeared to be the most sensitive detector for cellular damage of stored leucocytes, irradiated and non-irradiated, so that it might be used for assessment of leucocyte function before transfusion.
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24
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Bonaventura A, Gallo F, Carbone F, Liberale L, Maggi D, Sacchi G, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Cordera R. Levels of serum uric acid at admission for hypoglycaemia predict 1-year mortality. Acta Diabetol 2018; 55:323-330. [PMID: 29327150 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-1094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoglycaemia represents a critical burden with clinical and social consequences in the management of diabetes. Serum uric acid (SUA) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but no conclusive findings are available nowadays in patients suffering from hypoglycaemia. We investigated whether SUA levels at the time of hypoglycaemia could predict all-cause mortality after 1-year follow-up. METHODS In total, 219 patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) of Ospedale Policlinico S. Martino of Genoa (Italy) have been enrolled between January 2011 and December 2014. The primary endpoint of the study consisted in determining whether SUA levels at the time of ED admission could predict the occurrence of death after 1 year. RESULTS The majority of patients were diabetic, especially type 2. CVD and chronic kidney disease were prevalent comorbidities. By a cut-off value obtained by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with SUA levels > 5.43 mg/dL were more prone to death after 1 year compared to those with lower SUA levels. The risk of death increased with high SUA levels both in the univariate and the multivariate models including estimated glomerular filtration rate, C-reactive protein, type of diabetes, and age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index. CONCLUSIONS SUA could be useful as a predictor of 1-year mortality in hypoglycaemic patients, irrespective of severe comorbidities notably increasing the risk of death in these frail patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Fiorenza Gallo
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 12 Wagistrasse, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Davide Maggi
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sacchi
- Emergency Department, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Renzo Cordera
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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25
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Rigamonti F, Carbone F, Montecucco F, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Burger F, Roth A, Bertolotto M, Spinella G, Pane B, Palombo D, Pende A, Dallegri F, Mach F, Bertolini S, Pisciotta L. Serum lipoprotein (a) predicts acute coronary syndromes in patients with severe carotid stenosis. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48. [PMID: 29327345 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different cut-off values of serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] were recently identified to better stratify cardiovascular risk categories. Both pathophysiological and prognostic values of Lp (a) remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, the prognostic value of Lp (a) and its correlation with intraplaque features were assessed in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis undergoing endarterectomy (n = 180). The cut-off value of 10 mg/dL for serum Lp (a) was selected to predict 24-month follow-up acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In addition, the association between serum Lp (a) and intraplaque lipids, collagen, inflammatory and vascular cells was assessed. Serum Lp (a) levels were measured by nephelometric assay. RESULTS Patients with high Lp (a) had similar comorbidities, medications and laboratory parameters as compared to low Lp (a) levels. At 24-month follow-up, patients with high Lp (a) had more ACS as compared to low levels. Histological parameters within plaques were comparable in the study groups. No significant correlation between Lp (a) serum levels and intraplaque parameters was found, except for a weak positive association with smooth muscle cells in upstream plaque portions. When adjusted for gender, the presence of dyslipidaemia and chronic coronary artery disease, Lp (a) ≥10 mg/dL remained predictive for ACS. CONCLUSIONS Lp (a) determination could be a useful tool to predict ACS in patients with severe carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rigamonti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinella
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bianca Pane
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Pende
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Bertolini
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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26
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Carbone F, Rigamonti F, Burger F, Roth A, Bertolotto M, Spinella G, Pane B, Palombo D, Pende A, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Vecchié A, Dallegri F, Mach F, Montecucco F. Serum levels of osteopontin predict major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis. Int J Cardiol 2018; 255:195-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Vecchié A, Dallegri F, Carbone F, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Portincasa P, Frühbeck G, Montecucco F. Obesity phenotypes and their paradoxical association with cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Intern Med 2018; 48:6-17. [PMID: 29100895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory state of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is supposed to accelerate cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic diseases in obese subjects. Some studies have recently reported an improved CV prognosis in certain obese and overweight patients as compared with leaner ones. This phenomenon, known as the "obesity paradox" (OP), has been described in many chronic diseases. This narrative review is based on the material searched for and obtained via PubMed and Web of Science up to May 2017. The search terms we used were: "obesity, paradox, adipose tissue" in combination with "cardiovascular, coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias". Using the current Body Mass Index (BMI)-based obesity definition, individuals with different clinical and biochemical characteristics are gathered together in the same category. Emerging evidence point to the existence of many "Obesity phenotypes" with different association with CV risk, accordingly to physical and life-style features. In this narrative review, we discussed if obesity phenotypes may be associated with a different CV risk, potentially explaining the OP. As a globally accepted definition of obesity is still lacking, we emphasized the need of a new approach, which should consider the heterogeneity of obesity. Better defining "obesities" and related CV risk is critical to markedly improve the classical BMI-based definition of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 12 Wagistrasse, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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28
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Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Diaz-Cañestro C, Camici GG, Montecucco F, Dallegri F. The Pathophysiological Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Inflammatory Diseases. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:6-27. [PMID: 29304522 DOI: 10.1160/th17-09-0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil pathogen-killing mechanism termed neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been recently identified. NETs consist of chromatin and histones along with serine proteases and myeloperoxidase and are induced by a great variety of infectious and non-infectious stimuli. NETosis is a kind of programmed neutrophil death characterized by chromatin decondensation and release of nuclear granular contents, mainly driven by peptidylarginine deiminase 4 citrullination of histones. Although classically related to the protection against infectious pathogens, nowadays NETs have been described as a player of several pathophysiological processes. Neutrophil dysregulation has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of most representative vascular diseases, such as acute coronary syndrome, stroke and venous thrombosis. Indeed, NETs have been identified within atherosclerotic lesions and arterial thrombi in both human beings and animal models. Moreover, an imbalance in this mechanism has been proposed as a critical source of modified and/or externalized autoantigens in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Finally, an update on the role of NETs in the pathogenesis of cancer has been included. In the present review, based on papers released on PubMed and MEDLINE up to July 2017, we point to update the knowledge on NETs, from their structure to their roles in infectious diseases as well as in cardiovascular diseases, autoimmunity, metabolic disorders and cancer, with a look to future perspectives and therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Centre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni G Camici
- Centre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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29
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Liberale L, Carbone F, Bertolotto M, Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, Mach F, Burger F, Pende A, Spinella G, Pane B, Palombo D, Dallegri F, Montecucco F. Serum adiponectin levels predict acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with severe carotid stenosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 102:37-43. [PMID: 29305337 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As endocrine organ, adipose tissue may modulate inflammatory response by releasing a wide range of mediators, known as adipocytokines. Due to the complex balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory activity their pathophysiological and prognostic role in cardiovascular (CV) diseases still remains debated. Here, we consider the potential associations of circulating adipocytokines adiponectin, leptin and their ratio (LAR), with metabolic and inflammatory profiles in 217 patients with severe carotid stenosis. A prospective analysis investigating their predictive role toward acute coronary syndromes (ACS) was also drawn over a 12-month follow-up period. Serum leptin was positively associated with fasting insulinemia and HOMA-IR, but not with lipid profile and inflammation. Conversely, adiponectin was negatively associated with glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides and both systemic and intraplaque inflammatory markers whereas a positive association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) was observed. Accordingly, a significant association with metabolic profile was reported for LAR. According to the cut-off point identified by ROC curve, adiponectin values≤2.56μg/mL were correlated with a higher risk of ACS occurrence at 12months' follow-up (p-value for Log Rank test=0.0003). At Cox regression analysis the predictive ability of low serum adiponectin was confirmed also after adjustment for age, male gender and diabetes. In conclusion, adiponectin may be considered a biomarker of metabolic compensation, inversely associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Circulating adiponectin is also associated with lower risk of adverse CV events in patients with severe carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, 64 Avenue de la Roseraie, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Geneva, 64 Avenue de la Roseraie, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Pende
- Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinella
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Bianca Pane
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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30
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Canepa M, Artom N, Ameri P, Carbone F, Montecucco F, Ghigliotti G, Brunelli C, Dallegri F, Pende A, Pisciotta L. Short-term effect of rosuvastatin treatment on arterial stiffness in individuals with newly-diagnosed heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Int J Cardiol 2017; 255:215-220. [PMID: 29290422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Canepa
- Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Nathan Artom
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ghigliotti
- Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Brunelli
- Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Aldo Pende
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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Ghio M, Contini P, Ottonello L, Arduino N, Gringeri A, Indiveri F, Dallegri F, Puppo F. Effect of clotting factors concentrates on lymphocyte and neutrophil function in vitro. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryImmunological abnormalities have been reported in haemophiliacs. Although infections with HIV, hepatitis and other viruses may contribute to these abnormalities, immune defects are detectable also in HIV seronegative haemophiliacs. It is likely that chronic exposure to extraneous proteins in clotting factor concentrates (CFCs) may play a role in immunomodulation, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The results of the present paper show that: a) soluble HLA class I (sHLA-I), soluble Fas-ligand (sFas-L) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) are detectable in plasma derived but not in recombinant CFCs; b) the level of sHLA-I and sFas-L is proportional to the grade of CFCs purity whereas TGF-β1 showed very variable levels; c) soluble molecules detected in CFCs exert immunomodulatory effects in vitro like apoptosis induction in Jurkat cells and inhibition of mixed lymphocyte reaction response, antigen-specific lymphocyte cytotoxic activity and neutrophil chemotaxis.
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Liberale L, Dallegri F, Carbone F, Montecucco F. Pathophysiological relevance of macrophage subsets in atherogenesis. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:7-18. [DOI: 10.1160/th16-08-0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SummaryMacrophages are highly heterogeneous and plastic cells. They were shown to play a critical role in all stages of atherogenesis, from the initiation to the necrotic core formation and plaque rupture. Lesional macrophages primarily derive from blood monocyte, but local macrophage proliferation as well as differentiation from smooth muscle cells have also been described. Within atherosclerotic plaques, macrophages rapidly respond to changes in the microenvironment, shifting between pro- (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) functional phenotypes. Furthermore, different stimuli have been associated with differentiation of newly discovered M2 subtypes: IL-4/IL-13 (M2a), immunecomplex (M2b), IL-10/glucocorticoids (M2c), and adenosine receptor agonist (M2d). More recently, additional intraplaque macrophage phenotypes were also recognized in response to CXCL4 (M4), oxidized phospholipids (Mox), haemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes (HAmac/M(Hb)), and heme (Mhem). Such macrophage polarization was described as a progression among multiple phenotypes, which reflect the activity of different transcriptional factors and the cross-talk between intracellular signalling. Finally, the distribution of macrophage subsets within different plaque areas was markedly associated with cardiovascular (CV) vulnerability. The aim of this review is to update the current knowledge on the role of macrophage subsets in atherogenesis. In addition, the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage phenotypic shift will be summarised and discussed. Finally, the role of intraplaque macrophages as predictors of CV events and the therapeutic potential of these cells will be discussed.
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Braunersreuther V, Burger F, Lenglet S, Pelli G, Carbone F, Fraga-Silva R, Stergiopulos N, Monaco C, Mueller C, Pagano S, Dallegri F, Mach F, Vuilleumier N, Montecucco F. Anti-apoA-1 auto-antibodies increase mouse atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, myocardial necrosis and mortality triggering TLR2 and TLR4. Thromb Haemost 2017; 114:410-22. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-12-1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAuto-antibodies to apolipoprotein A-1 (anti-apoA-1 IgG) were shown to promote inflammation and atherogenesis, possibly through innate immune receptors signalling. Here, we aimed at investigating the role of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 on anti-apoA-1 IgG-induced athero-sclerotic plaque vulnerability, myocardial necrosis and mortality in mice. Adult male apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE)-/- (n=72), TLR2-/-ApoE-/- (n=36) and TLR4-/-Apo-/- (n=28) mice were intravenously injected with 50 µg/mouse of endotoxin-free polyclonal anti-apoA-1 IgG or control isotype IgG (CTL IgG) every two weeks for 16 weeks. Atherosclerotic plaque size and vulnerability were assessed by histology. Myocardial ischaemia and necrosis, respectively, were determined by electrocardiographic (ECG) changes assessed by telemetry and serum troponin I (cTnI) measurements. Impact on survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analyses. In ApoE-/- mice, anti-apoA-1 IgG passive immunisation enhanced histological features of athero-sclerotic plaque vulnerability (increase in neutrophil and MMP-9 and reduction in collagen content), induced a substantial cTnI elevation (p=0.001), and increased mortality rate by 23 % (LogRank, p=0.04) when compared to CTL IgG. On a subgroup of ApoE-/- mice equipped with telemetry (n=4), a significant ST-segment depression was noted in anti-apoA-1 IgG-treated mice when compared to CTL IgG recipients (p< 0.001), and an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction preceding mouse death was observed in one case. The deleterious effects of anti-apoA-1 IgG on atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, myocardial necrosis and death were partially reversed in TLR2-/-ApoE-/- and TLR4-/-ApoE-/- backgrounds. In conclusion, anti-apoA-1 auto-antibodies seem to be active mediators of atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, myocardial necrosis, and mortality in mice through TLR2- and TLR4-mediated pathways.
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da Silva R, Fraga-Silva R, Steffens S, Fabre M, Bauer I, Caffa I, Magnone M, Sociali G, Quercioli A, Pelli G, Lenglet S, Galan K, Burger F, Calvo SV, Bertolotto M, Bruzzone S, Ballestrero A, Patrone F, Dallegri F, Santos R, Stergiopulos N, Mach F, Vuilleumier N, Montecucco F, Nencioni A. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibition reduces intraplaque CXCL1 production and associated neutrophil infiltration in atherosclerotic mice. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:308-22. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-07-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPharmacological treatments targeting CXC chemokines and the associated neutrophil activation and recruitment into atherosclerotic plaques hold promise for treating cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, we investigated whether FK866, a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties that we recently found to reduce neutrophil recruitment into the ischaemic myocardium, would exert beneficial effects in a mouse atherosclerosis model. Atherosclerotic plaque formation was induced by carotid cast implantation in ApoE-/- mice that were fed with a Western-type diet. FK866 or vehicle were administrated intraperitoneally from week 8 until week 11 of the diet. Treatment with FK866 reduced neutrophil infiltration and MMP-9 content and increased collagen levels in atherosclerotic plaques compared to vehicle. No effect on other histological parameters, including intraplaque lipids or macrophages, was observed. These findings were associated with a reduction in both systemic and intraplaque CXCL1 levels in FK866-treated mice. In vitro, FK866 did not affect MMP-9 release by neutrophils, but it strongly reduced CXCL1 production by endothelial cells which, in the in vivo model, were identified as a main CXCL1 source at the plaque level. CXCL1 synthesis inhibition by FK866 appears to reflect interference with nuclear factor-κB signalling as shown by reduced p65 nuclear levels in endothelial cells pre-treated with FK866. In conclusion, pharmacological inhibition of NAMPT activity mitigates inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques by reducing CXCL1-mediated activities on neutrophils. These results support further assessments of NAMPT inhibitors for the potential prevention of plaque vulnerability.
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Bertolotto M, Lenglet S, Vuilleumier N, Galan K, Pagano S, Braunersreuther V, Pelli G, Pistoia V, Bianchi G, Cittadini G, Viviani GL, Pende A, Roux-Lombard P, Thomas A, Staub C, Ratib O, Dallegri F, Quercioli A, Mach F, Schindler TH, Montecucco F. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) increases the release of neutrophil products associated with coronary vulnerability. Thromb Haemost 2017; 107:124-39. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-05-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SummaryThe “blood vulnerability”, resulting from the complex balance between serum molecules and inflammatory cell atherosclerotic activities, is a major determinant in the evaluation of the “global patient cardiovascular vulnerability”. In the present study, we focused on the role of the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL, a potential marker of coronary calcification and vulnerability) in the release of neutrophilic proteases. Then, the association between these mediators and the degree of coronary calcification (assessed by coronary calcium score [CCS]) was investigated in 20 subjects (aged ≥65 years) asymptomatic for cardiovascular disease. Results showed that RANKL dose-dependently induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-8 and MMP-9 release from human primary neutrophils cultured in Teflon dishes (suspension condition, mimicking cells circulating in the blood stream). Conversely, when adherent to polystyrene, neutrophils became unresponsive to RANKL. RANKL did not influence the release of other neutrophilic products in suspension and adherence cultures as well as neutrophil migration. RANKL-induced release of MMPs was dependent on the activation of defined intracellular signalling pathways (PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2). In asymptomatic subjects, serum levels of RANKL, MMP-8 and MMP-9 positively correlated with CCS, reflecting a potential relationship between circulating RANKL and coronary calcification. In conclusion, RANKL increased the release of neutrophilic products potentially related to the “blood” vulnerability via defined intracellular pathways. Serum levels of RANKL might represent a potential biomarker of coronary calcification and related cardiovascular risk.
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Casula M, Montecucco F, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Vecchié A, Dallegri F, Carbone F. Update on the role of Pentraxin 3 in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 99:1-12. [PMID: 29051088 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein that was recently demonstrated to play pleiotropic activities in cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukins up-regulates PTX3 transcription in different cell types (i.e. endothelial cells, phagocytes, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and glial cells) involved in atherogenesis. By interacting with numerous ligands, PTX3 acts as a modulatory molecule of complement system, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and vascular/tissue remodeling. Experimental data point to a beneficial role of PTX3 in atherosclerotic plaque development and vulnerability. Animal studies indicated a protective role of PTX3 signaling in ischemic/reperfusion injury and failing heart. Clinical studies have so far provided contrasting results, highlighting a debated role of PTX3 as an active mediator of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and worse outcome after ischemic events. Therefore, substantial evidence suggests a dual role of PTX3 as modulator or amplifiers of the innate immune response. The final result of PTX3 activation might be determined by a fine tuning of time, space and environmental signals. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of biological properties of PTX3 in CV diseases and to discuss the ability of PTX3 to act as a crossroad between pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Casula
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Carbone F, Bertolotto M, Contini P, Scopinaro N, Camerini GB, Papadia FS, Cordera R, Camici GG, Dallegri F, Adami GF, Montecucco F. Early reduction of matrix metalloproteinase-8 serum levels is associated with leptin drop and predicts diabetes remission after bariatric surgery. Int J Cardiol 2017; 245:257-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Liberale L, Montecucco F, Bonaventura A, Casetta I, Seraceni S, Trentini A, Padroni M, Dallegri F, Fainardi E, Carbone F. Monocyte count at onset predicts poststroke outcomes during a 90-day follow-up. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47:702-710. [PMID: 28783210 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) triggers both systemic and neurovascular inflammation, influencing poststroke recovery. In smokers with AIS, inflammation might be further upregulated, increasing ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Here, the predictive value of leucocyte and adhesion molecules levels on poststroke outcomes was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 89 patients with AIS (n = 30 smokers and n = 59 nonsmokers) were recruited and evaluated 1, 7 and 90 days after the onset to assess stroke severity by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score as well as clinical recovery at 90 days by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Lesion volume was assessed by noncontrast computed tomography. Haematological parameters, blood chemistry and soluble adhesion molecules were measured. RESULTS Smokers experienced a more severe stroke and at a younger age with respect to nonsmokers, moreover, they had higher circulating levels of monocytes, neutrophils and soluble adhesion molecules. Baseline monocytes positively correlated with stroke severity and disability across all time points in the overall cohort. No correlation was shown between adhesion molecules and poststroke outcomes. A monocyte count >0·63 × 109 /L predicted worse stroke severity (defined as NIHSS ≥5) at day 90 independently of age, hypertension, thrombolysis and active smoking in the overall cohort. Similarly, a monocyte count >0·64 × 109 /L predicted poor neurological recovery at day 90 (defined as mRS > 2). CONCLUSIONS Smoker had more severe AIS and higher leucocytes and adhesion molecule levels. In the overall cohort, monocyte count was an independent predictor of worse poststroke outcome. Although larger trials are needed, monocyte count might be a cheap prognostic parameter in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Casetta
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silva Seraceni
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health 'IRCCS Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marina Padroni
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Liberale L, Montecucco F, Camici GG, Dallegri F, Vecchie A, Carbone F, Bonaventura A. Treatment with Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) Inhibitors to Reduce Cardiovascular Inflammation and Outcomes. Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:1403-1416. [PMID: 28260498 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170303123734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a serine protease involved in cholesterol homeostasis. After binding to the complex low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-receptor, PCSK9 induces its intracellular degradation, thus reducing serum LDL clearance. PCSK9 is mainly secreted by the liver, but it is also expressed to a lesser extent in other organs. Apart from the well-known activity concerning hepatic LDL receptor-mediated pathway, PCSK9 has been supposed to potentially interfere with vascular inflammation in atherogenesis. Vascular smooth muscle cells have been demonstrated to produce higher amounts of PCSK9 as compared to endothelial cells especially in an inflammatory microenvironment. Low shear stress regions increase PCSK9 expression within SMCs, while higher shear stress gradually reduced PCSK9 expression. Moreover, a crosstalk between PCSK9 and reactive oxygen species has been also described. Oxidized LDL was shown to up regulate the expression of PCKS9 by influencing dose-dependently the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. After the identification of gene loss-of-function mutations and no detectable circulating protein levels, PCSK9 has attracted a great interest as an effective target for cholesterol-lowering therapies. Different strategies have been implemented to block the effects of both intracellular and circulating PCSK9. In particular, monoclonal antibodies represent the most promising approach and two of these, alirocumab and evolocumab, have been approved for clinical use in patients affected by familial hypercholesterolemia with encouraging results. In the next future, the improvement of the knowledge of the "pleiotropic" effects of PCSK9 inhibitors might unveil therapeutic potential on cardiovascular outcome independently on the cholesterol lowering activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa. Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa. Italy
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren. Switzerland
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa. Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchie
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa. Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa. Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa. Italy
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Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Carbone F, Scopinaro N, Camerini G, Papadia FS, Cordera R, Dallegri F, Adami GF, Montecucco F. High baseline C-reactive protein levels predict partial type 2 diabetes mellitus remission after biliopancreatic diversion. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:423-429. [PMID: 28284664 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several studies demonstrated that surgery can improve inflammation parameters, such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Few biomarkers have been investigated to potentially predict type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission. We aimed at determining whether pre-surgery serum CRP levels could predict T2DM remission after 3 years in patients undergoing bariatric surgery, especially biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). METHODS AND RESULTS This study was conducted from 2007 to 2009 at the Surgical Department of the University of Genoa, Italy. Forty-four patients with T2DM undergoing BPD (n = 38) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 6) were enrolled. The primary endpoint was to evaluate whether pre-surgery CRP levels could predict T2DM partial remission at 3-year follow-up. Secondary endpoints were to assess whether glycaemic, lipid, and inflammatory parameters modified during the follow-up. At baseline, patients with T2DM ranged from overweight to morbid obesity, had mild dyslipidaemia, and a low-grade inflammation. Bariatric surgery improved body weight, lipid and glycaemic profile both at 1- and 3-year follow-up. Pre-surgery CRP levels progressively decreased at 1- and 3-year follow-up. Among inflammatory pre-surgery parameters, only high CRP levels were shown to predict T2DM partial remission after 3 years. Multivariate analysis confirmed the predictive value of pre-surgery CRP levels independently of age, gender, type of surgery, and body mass index. CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery, in particular BPD, improved both metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers at 1- and 3-year follow-up. Pre-surgery high CRP levels predicted 3-year T2DM partial remission, indicating a promising target population to be especially treated with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - L Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - N Scopinaro
- International Federation of Surgery for Obesity, Genoa, Italy; Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - G Camerini
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F S Papadia
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - R Cordera
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - G F Adami
- International Federation of Surgery for Obesity, Genoa, Italy; Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Casula M, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Carbone F. Erratum to: The Role of Adipocytokines in Coronary Atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2017; 19:21. [PMID: 28315198 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-017-0657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchiè
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Casula
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
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Quercioli A, Carbone F, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Pataky Z, Thomas A, Lenglet S, Lauer E, Golay A, Dallegri F, Di Marzo V, Schindler TH, Montecucco F. Plasma palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) as a potential biomarker for impaired coronary function. Int J Cardiol 2017; 231:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Montecucco F, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Dallegri F, Carbone F. The Role of Inflammation in Cardiovascular Outcome. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2017; 19:11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11883-017-0646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Da Silva AR, Lenglet S, Carbone F, Burger F, Roth A, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Dallegri F, Stergiopulos N, Santos RAS, Mach F, Fraga-Silva RA, Montecucco F. Alamandine abrogates neutrophil degranulation in atherosclerotic mice. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47:117-128. [PMID: 27930810 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil-mediated inflammation was recently identified as an active contributor to athero-progression. Therapeutic strategies inhibiting neutrophil degranulation or recruitment were hypothesized to positively impact on plaque vulnerability. In this study, we investigated whether treatment with the recently discovered agonist of the Mas-related G-coupled receptor type D (MrgD) alamandine would impact on neutrophil degranulation in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen-week-old ApoE-/- mice were fed with a Western-type diet for an additional 11 weeks. After the first 2 weeks of diet, mice were surgically implanted with a carotid 'cast' device that alters the blood shear stress and induces different carotid plaque phenotypes. During the last 4 weeks before euthanasia, mice were randomly assigned to subcutaneously receive vehicle (NaCl 0·15 M) or alamandine (24 μg/kg/h) by micropump. For in vitro experiments, neutrophils were obtained after thioglycollate intraperitoneal injection in ApoE-/- mice. RESULTS Treatment with alamandine was well-tolerated, but failed to affect lipid, macrophage, neutrophil or collagen content within carotid and aortic root plaques. Also, treatment with alamandine did not affect Th-cell polarization in lymphoid organs. Conversely, alamandine administration was associated with a reduction in serum levels of neutrophil granule enzymes, such as MMP-9 and MPO as well as MMP-9 content within aortic root plaques. In vitro, preincubation with alamandine dose-dependently abrogated PMA-induced neutrophil degranulation of MMP-9 and MPO. CONCLUSION These results suggest that treatment with the MrgD agonist alamandine led to a reduced release of neutrophil granule products, potentially interfering with pro-atherosclerotic neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analina R Da Silva
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Lenglet
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robson A S Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo A Fraga-Silva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Bonaventura A, Montecucco F, Dallegri F. Comment on "Costs associated with emergency care and hospitalization for severe hypoglycemia". Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:86-87. [PMID: 27484752 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - F Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - F Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Liberale L, Montecucco F, Casetta I, Seraceni S, Trentini A, Padroni M, Dallegri F, Mach F, Fainardi E, Carbone F. Decreased serum PCSK9 levels after ischaemic stroke predict worse outcomes. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:1053-1062. [PMID: 27759884 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble mediators have been investigated to predict the prognosis of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Among them, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) might have both clinical and pathophysiological relevance. MATERIALS AND METHODS All available serum samples from a cohort of patients with first AIS (n = 72) were tested for PCSK9 and included in this substudy analysis. The primary endpoint investigated the predictive value of early PCSK9 level variations (ΔPCSK9) from AIS onset to day 7 or from day 1 to day 7, towards a 90-day outcome by modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The secondary endpoint explored the association between ΔPCSK9 and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). RESULTS Decreased serum PCSK9 levels at days 1 and 7 were associated with poor clinical outcomes at day 90. At the cut-off point identified by ROC curve analysis (-61·28 ng/mL), ΔPCSK9 day 7-day 1 predicted a poor mRS at day 90 after AIS. ΔPCSK9 day 7-day 1 ≤ -61·28 ng/mL was associated with an increased rate of MACEs. CONCLUSION A decrease in PCSK9 levels was a predictor for poor outcome and increased MACEs after AIS. Additional studies targeting post-AIS PCSK9 levels and activity are required to clarify the prognostic and pathophysiological relevance of PCSK9 after AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Casetta
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silva Seraceni
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health 'IRCCS Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marina Padroni
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Carbone F, Satta N, Burger F, Roth A, Lenglet S, Pagano S, Lescuyer P, Bertolotto M, Spinella G, Pane B, Palombo D, Pende A, Dallegri F, Mach F, Vuilleumier N, Montecucco F. Vitamin D receptor is expressed within human carotid plaques and correlates with pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 85:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bonaventura A, Montecucco F, Dallegri F. Update on the effects of treatment with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in acute ischemic stroke. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:1323-1340. [PMID: 27548625 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2016.1227779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) represents a major cause of death and disability all over the world. The recommended therapy aims at dissolving the clot to re-establish quickly the blood flow to the brain and reduce neuronal injury. Intravenous administration of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is clinically used with this goal. AREAS COVERED A description of beneficial and detrimental effects of rt-PA treatment is addressed. An overview of new therapies against AIS, such as new thrombolytics, sonolysis and sonothrombolysis, endovascular procedures, and association therapies is provided. Updates on the pathophysiological process leading to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION rt-PA treatment in AIS patients is beneficial to recovery outcomes. To weaken risks and improve benefits, it might be relevant to consider: i) a definitive identification of risk factors for symptomatic ICH; ii). a better organization of the health care system to reduce time-to-treatment and enhance discharge management. The pharmacological improvement of new thrombolytic drugs (such as tenecteplase and desmoteplase) targeting harmful and maximally exploiting beneficial effects might further reduce mortality and disability in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- a First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Genoa School of Medicine , Genoa , Italy.,b IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- a First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Genoa School of Medicine , Genoa , Italy.,b IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa , Genoa , Italy.,c Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR) , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- a First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Genoa School of Medicine , Genoa , Italy.,b IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa , Genoa , Italy
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Satta N, Carbone F, Montecucco F, Virzi J, Burger F, Roth A, Roversi G, Tamborino C, Casetta I, Seraceni S, Trentini A, Padroni M, Dallegri F, Lalive P, Mach F, Fainardi E, Vuilleumier N. Serum levels of anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IGG are associated with long-term disability and cerebral lesion volume in acute ischemic stroke patients. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Carbone F, Satta N, Montecucco F, Virzi J, Burger F, Roth A, Roversi G, Tamborino C, Casetta I, Seraceni S, Trentini A, Padroni M, Dallegri F, Lalive PH, Mach F, Fainardi E, Vuilleumier N. Anti-ApoA-1 IgG serum levels predict worse poststroke outcomes. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:805-17. [PMID: 27490973 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoantibodies to apolipoprotein A-1 (anti-ApoA-1 IgG) were shown to predict major adverse cardiovascular events and promote atherogenesis. However, their potential relationship with clinical disability and ischaemic lesion volume after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) remains unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included n = 76 patients admitted for AIS and we investigated whether baseline serum anti-ApoA-1 IgG levels could predict (i) AIS-induced clinical disability [assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS)], and (ii) AIS-related ischaemic lesion volume [assessed by Computed Tomography (CT)]. We also evaluated the possible pro-apoptotic and pro-necrotic effects of anti-ApoA-1 IgG on human astrocytoma cell line (U251) using flow cytometry. RESULTS High levels of anti-ApoA-1 IgG were retrieved in 15·8% (12/76) of patients. Increased baseline levels of anti-ApoA-1 IgG were independently correlated with worse mRS [β = 0·364; P = 0·002; adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1·05 (95% CI 1·01-1·09); P = 0·017] and CT-assessed ischaemic lesion volume [β = 0·333; P < 0·001; adjusted OR: 1·06 (95% CI 1·01-1·12); P = 0·048] at 3 months. No difference in baseline clinical, biochemical and radiological characteristics was observed between patients with high vs. low levels of anti-ApoA-1 IgG. Incubating human astrocytoma cells with anti-ApoA-1 IgG dose dependently induced necrosis and apoptosis of U251 cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Anti-ApoA-1 IgG serum levels at AIS onset are associated with poorer clinical recovery and worse brain lesion volume 3 months after AIS. These observations could be partly explained by the deleterious effect of anti-ApoA-1 IgG on human brain cell survival in vitro and may have clinical implication in the prediction of poor outcome in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nathalie Satta
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Julien Virzi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gloria Roversi
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carmine Tamborino
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Casetta
- Department of Biological, Psychiatric and Psychological Science, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silva Seraceni
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health 'IRCCS Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marina Padroni
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrice H Lalive
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Specialties, Foundation for Medical Researches, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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