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Dunaeva M, Blom J, Thurlings R, van Weijsten M, van de Loo FAJ, Pruijn GJM. Circulating tRNA-derived fragments are decreased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and increased in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Biomarkers 2024; 29:90-99. [PMID: 38362802 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2319297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) play an important role in immune responses. To clarify the role of tRFs in autoimmunity we studied circulating tRF-levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and in a murine model for arthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Circulating tRF-levels were quantified by miR-Q RT-qPCR. tRNA processing and modification enzyme expression was analysed by RT-qPCR and public transcriptomics data. RESULTS Significant reduction (up to 3-fold on average) of tRF-levels derived from tRNA-Gly-GCC,CCC, tRNA-Glu-CTC and tRNA-Val-CAC,AAC was observed in RA patients, whereas tRNA-Glu-CTC and tRNA-Val-CAC,AAC tRFs were found at significantly higher levels (up to 3-fold on average) in PsA patients, compared to healthy controls. Also in arthritic IL1Ra-KO mice reduced levels of tRNA-Glu-CTC fragments were seen. The expression of NSUN2, a methyltransferase catalysing tRNA methylation, was increased in RA-peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) compared to PsA, but this is not consistently supported by public transcriptomics data. DISCUSSION The observed changes of specific tRF-levels may be involved in the immune responses in RA and PsA and may be applicable as new biomarkers. CONCLUSION Circulating tRF-levels are decreased in RA and increased in PsA and this may, at least in part, be mediated by methylation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dunaeva
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Blom
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Thurlings
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margot van Weijsten
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fons A J van de Loo
- Department of Rheumatology, Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Greco A, Mul K, Jaeger MH, Dos Santos JC, Koenen H, de Jong L, Mann R, Fütterer J, Netea MG, Pruijn GJM, van Engelen BGM, Joosten LAB. IL-6 and TNF are Potential Inflammatory Biomarkers in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2024; 11:327-347. [PMID: 38250782 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background FSHD is a highly prevalent inherited myopathy with a still poorly understood pathology. Objective To investigate whether proinflammatory cytokines are associated with FSHD and which specific innate immune cells are involved in its pathology. Methods First, we measured circulating cytokines in serum samples: IL-6 (FSHD, n = 150; HC, n = 98); TNF (FSHD, n = 150; HC, n = 59); IL-1α (FSHD, n = 150; HC, n = 66); IL-1β (FSHD, n = 150; HC, n = 98); MCP-1 (FSHD, n = 14; HC, n = 14); VEGF-A (FSHD, n = 14; HC, n = 14). Second, we tested trained immunity in monocytes (FSHD, n = 15; HC, n = 15) and NK cells (FSHD, n = 11; HC, n = 11). Next, we explored the cytokine production capacity of NK cells in response to different stimuli (FSHD, n = 39; HC, n = 22). Lastly, we evaluated the cytokine production of ex vivo stimulated MRI guided inflamed (TIRM+) and paired MRI guided non inflamed (TIRM-) muscle biopsies of 21 patients and of 8 HC muscle biopsies. Results We included a total of 190 FSHD patients (N = 190, 48±14 years, 49% men) and of 135 HC (N = 135, 44±15 years, 47% men). We found that FSHD patients had higher concentrations of IL-6 and TNF measured (a) in the circulation, (b) after ex-vivo stimulation of NK cells, and (c) in muscle specimens. Besides, IL-6 circulating concentrations, as well as its production by NK cells and IL-6 content of FSHD muscle specimens, showed a mild correlation with disease duration, disease severity, and muscle weakness. Conclusion These results show that IL-6 and TNF may contribute to FSHD pathology and suggest novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, the activation of NK cells in FSHD may be a novel pathway contributing to FSHD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Greco
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karlien Mul
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin H Jaeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jéssica C Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Koenen
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leon de Jong
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ritse Mann
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Fütterer
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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3
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de Bont C, Pruijn GJM. Citrulline is not a major determinant of autoantibody reactivity to neutrophil extracellular traps. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220249. [PMID: 37778385 PMCID: PMC10542444 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main strategies of neutrophils in responding to microbial infections is the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures of decondensed chromatin associated with antimicrobial proteins. Citrullination plays an important role during NET formation and a substantial fraction of NET-associated proteins appeared to be citrullinated. The release of citrullinated intracellular proteins from netting neutrophils led to the hypothesis that the production of anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies by autoimmune patients, in particular patients with rheumatoid arthritis, might be initiated when citrullinated NET components are not properly cleared and are exposed to the immune system. Here, we discuss the processes that lead to NET formation, including the role of peptidylarginine deiminase activation and our current knowledge on citrullinated NET-associated proteins. Citrulline-dependent epitopes do not appear to play a major role in the recognition of NETs by autoantibodies from rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients, even though anti-NET autoantibodies are frequently observed in sera from these patients. The neutrophil proteases associated with NETs have a major impact on the integrity of NET-associated proteins when NET formation is induced by activating isolated human neutrophils. Cleavage/degradation of these proteins also resulted in a strong reduction of the reactivity with autoantibodies. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'The virtues and vices of protein citrullination'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia de Bont
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4
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Charteau V, Derksen M, Pruijn GJM. A Novel Method to Isolate RNase MRP Using RNA Streptavidin Aptamer Tags. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4615. [PMID: 36845535 PMCID: PMC9947544 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between RNA-binding proteins and RNA molecules are at the center of multiple biological processes. Therefore, accurate characterization of the composition of ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) is crucial. Ribonuclease (RNase) for mitochondrial RNA processing (MRP) and RNase P are highly similar RNPs that play distinct roles at the cellular level; as a consequence, the specific isolation of either of these complexes is essential to study their biochemical function. Since their protein components are nearly identical, purification of these endoribonucleases using protein-centric methods is not feasible. Here, we describe a procedure employing an optimized high-affinity streptavidin-binding RNA aptamer, termed S1m, to purify RNase MRP free of RNase P. This report details all steps from the RNA tagging to the characterization of the purified material. We show that using the S1m tag allows efficient isolation of active RNase MRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violette Charteau
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Derksen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
,*For correspondence:
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5
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Korchynskyi O, Yoshida K, Korchynska N, Czarnik-Kwaśniak J, Tak PP, Pruijn GJM, Isozaki T, Ruth JH, Campbell PL, Amin MA, Koch AE. Mammalian Glycosylation Patterns Protect Citrullinated Chemokine MCP-1/CCL2 from Partial Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031862. [PMID: 36768186 PMCID: PMC9915159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a potent chemotactic agent for monocytes, primarily produced by macrophages and endothelial cells. Significantly elevated levels of MCP-1/CCL2 were found in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), compared to osteoarthritis or other arthritis patients. Several studies suggested an important role for MCP-1 in the massive inflammation at the damaged joint, in part due to its chemotactic and angiogenic effects. It is a known fact that the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins have a significant impact on their properties. In mammals, arginine residues within proteins can be converted into citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), recognizing these PTMs, have become a hallmark for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune diseases and are important in diagnostics and prognosis. In previous studies, we found that citrullination converts the neutrophil attracting chemokine neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78) into a potent macrophage chemoattractant. Here we report that both commercially available and recombinant bacterially produced MCP-1/CCL2 are rapidly (partially) degraded upon in vitro citrullination. However, properly glycosylated MCP-1/CCL2 produced by mammalian cells is protected against degradation during efficient citrullination. Site-directed mutagenesis of the potential glycosylation site at the asparagine-14 residue within human MCP-1 revealed lower expression levels in mammalian expression systems. The glycosylation-mediated recombinant chemokine stabilization allows the production of citrullinated MCP-1/CCL2, which can be effectively used to calibrate crucial assays, such as modified ELISAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olexandr Korchynskyi
- Department of Human Immunology and Centre for Innovative Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Public Development and Health, S. Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - Ken Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nataliia Korchynska
- Department of Public Development and Health, S. Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Justyna Czarnik-Kwaśniak
- Department of Human Immunology and Centre for Innovative Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paul P. Tak
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
- Candel Therapeutics, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Takeo Isozaki
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Ruth
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Phillip L. Campbell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - M. Asif Amin
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alisa E. Koch
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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6
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Broeren MGA, Wang JJ, Balzaretti G, Groenen PJTA, van Schaik BDC, Chataway T, Kaffa C, Bervoets S, Hebeda KM, Bounova G, Pruijn GJM, Gordon TP, De Vries N, Thurlings RM. Proteogenomic analysis of the autoreactive B cell repertoire in blood and tissues of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:644-652. [PMID: 35144926 PMCID: PMC8995816 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective To comparatively analyse the aberrant affinity maturation of the antinuclear and rheumatoid factor (RF) B cell repertoires in blood and tissues of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) using an integrated omics workflow. Methods Peptide sequencing of anti-Ro60, anti-Ro52, anti-La and RF was combined with B cell repertoire analysis at the DNA, RNA and single cell level in blood B cell subsets, affected salivary gland and extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of patients with SjS. Results Affected tissues contained anti-Ro60, anti-Ro52, anti-La and RF clones as a small part of a polyclonal infiltrate. Anti-Ro60, anti-La and anti-Ro52 clones outnumbered RF clones. MALT lymphoma tissues contained monoclonal RF expansions. Autoreactive clones were not selected from a restricted repertoire in a circulating B cell subset. The antinuclear antibody (ANA) repertoires displayed similar antigen-dependent and immunoglobulin (Ig) G1-directed affinity maturation. RF clones displayed antigen-dependent, IgM-directed and more B cell receptor integrity-dependent affinity maturation. This coincided with extensive intra-clonal diversification in RF-derived lymphomas. Regeneration of clinical disease manifestations after rituximab coincided with large RF clones, which not necessarily belonged to the lymphoma clone, that displayed continuous affinity maturation and intra-clonal diversification. Conclusion The ANA and RF repertoires in patients with SjS display tissue-restricted, antigen-dependent and divergent affinity maturation. Affinity maturation of RF clones deviates further during RF clone derived lymphomagenesis and during regeneration of the autoreactive repertoire after temporary disruption by rituximab. These data give insight into the molecular mechanisms of autoreactive inflammation in SjS, assist MALT lymphoma diagnosis and allow tracking its response to rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs G A Broeren
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jing J Wang
- Department of Immunology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Giulia Balzaretti
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Barbera D C van Schaik
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Chataway
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Charlotte Kaffa
- Radboud Technology Center for Bioinformatics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Bervoets
- Radboud Technology Center for Bioinformatics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Konnie M Hebeda
- Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas P Gordon
- SA Pathology, Department of Immunology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Niek De Vries
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Derksen M, Mertens V, Visser EA, Arts J, Vree Egberts W, Pruijn GJM. A novel experimental approach for the selective isolation and characterization of human RNase MRP. RNA Biol 2022; 19:305-312. [PMID: 35129080 PMCID: PMC8820802 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2022.2027659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
RNase MRP is a ribonucleoprotein complex involved in the endoribonucleolytic cleavage of different RNAs. Mutations in the RNA component of the RNP are the cause of cartilage hair hypoplasia. Patients with cartilage hair hypoplasia are characterized by skeletal dysplasia. Biochemical purification of RNase MRP is desired to be able to study its biochemical function, composition and activity in both healthy and disease situations. Due to the high similarity with RNase P, a method to specifically isolate the RNase MRP complex is currently lacking. By fusing a streptavidin-binding RNA aptamer, the S1m-aptamer, to the RNase MRP RNA we have been able to compare the relative expression levels of wildtype and mutant MRP RNAs. Moreover, we were able to isolate active RNase MRP complexes. We observed that mutant MRP RNAs are expressed at lower levels and have lower catalytic activity compared to the wildtype RNA. The observation that a single nucleotide substitution at position 40 in the P3 domain but not in other domains of RNase MRP RNA severely reduced the binding of the Rpp25 protein subunit confirmed that the P3 region harbours the main binding site for this protein. Altogether, this study shows that the RNA aptamer tagging approach can be used to identify RNase MRP substrates, but also to study the effect of mutations on MRP RNA expression levels and RNase MRP composition and endoribonuclease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel Derksen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vicky Mertens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eline A. Visser
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Arts
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma Vree Egberts
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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8
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Uhd J, Miotke L, Ji HP, Dunaeva M, Pruijn GJM, Jørgensen CD, Kristoffersen EL, Birkedal V, Yde CW, Nielsen FC, Hansen J, Astakhova K. Ultra-fast detection and quantification of nucleic acids by amplification-free fluorescence assay. Analyst 2021; 145:5836-5844. [PMID: 32648858 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Two types of clinically important nucleic acid biomarkers, microRNA (miRNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) were detected and quantified from human serum using an amplification-free fluorescence hybridization assay. Specifically, miRNAs hsa-miR-223-3p and hsa-miR-486-5p with relevance for rheumatoid arthritis and cancer related mutations BRAF and KRAS of ctDNA were directly measured. The required oligonucleotide probes for the assay were rationally designed and synthesized through a novel "clickable" approach which is time and cost-effective. With no need for isolating nucleic acid components from serum, the fluoresence-based assay took only 1 hour. Detection and absolute quantification of targets was successfully achieved despite their notoriously low abundance, with a precision down to individual nucleotides. Obtained miRNA and ctDNA amounts showed overall a good correlation with current techniques. With appropriate probes, our novel assay and signal boosting approach could become a useful tool for point-of-care measuring other low abundance nucleic acid biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Uhd
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 207 Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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9
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Moorlag SJCFM, Rodriguez-Rosales YA, Gillard J, Fanucchi S, Theunissen K, Novakovic B, de Bont CM, Negishi Y, Fok ET, Kalafati L, Verginis P, Mourits VP, Koeken VACM, de Bree LCJ, Pruijn GJM, Fenwick C, van Crevel R, Joosten LAB, Joosten I, Koenen H, Mhlanga MM, Diavatopoulos DA, Chavakis T, Netea MG. BCG Vaccination Induces Long-Term Functional Reprogramming of Human Neutrophils. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108387. [PMID: 33207187 PMCID: PMC7672522 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tuberculosis vaccine bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) protects against some heterologous infections, probably via induction of non-specific innate immune memory in monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, a process known as trained immunity. Recent studies have revealed that the induction of trained immunity is associated with a bias toward granulopoiesis in bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells, but it is unknown whether BCG vaccination also leads to functional reprogramming of mature neutrophils. Here, we show that BCG vaccination of healthy humans induces long-lasting changes in neutrophil phenotype, characterized by increased expression of activation markers and antimicrobial function. The enhanced function of human neutrophils persists for at least 3 months after vaccination and is associated with genome-wide epigenetic modifications in trimethylation at histone 3 lysine 4. Functional reprogramming of neutrophils by the induction of trained immunity might offer novel therapeutic strategies in clinical conditions that could benefit from modulation of neutrophil effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yessica Alina Rodriguez-Rosales
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joshua Gillard
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Fanucchi
- Division of Chemical, Systems & Synthetic Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kate Theunissen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cynthia M de Bont
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yutaka Negishi
- Epigenomics & Single Cell Biophysics Group, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ezio T Fok
- Epigenomics & Single Cell Biophysics Group, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lydia Kalafati
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, University of Southern Denmark/Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Musa M Mhlanga
- Epigenomics & Single Cell Biophysics Group, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitri A Diavatopoulos
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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10
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Abstract
Neutrophils can form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to capture microbes and facilitate their clearance. NETs consist of decondensed chromatin decorated with anti‐microbial proteins. Here, we describe the effect of neutrophil proteases on the protein content of NETs. We show that the neutrophil serine proteases degrade several neutrophil proteins associated with NETs. Interestingly, the anti‐bacterial proteins associated with NETs, such as myeloperoxidase, calgranulin B and neutrophil elastase (NE), seem to be less susceptible to proteolytic degradation than other NET proteins, such as actin and MNDA. NETs have been proposed to play a role in autoimmune reactions. Our data demonstrate that a large number of the autoepitopes of NET proteins that are recognized by autoantibodies produced by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are also removed by the proteases. In conclusion, neutrophil serine proteases have a major impact on the NET proteome and the proteolytic changes of NET‐associated proteins may counteract autoimmune reactions to NET components.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M de Bont
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - N Eerden
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - W C Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - G J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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11
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Dunaeva M, Blom J, Thurlings R, Pruijn GJM. Circulating serum miR-223-3p and miR-16-5p as possible biomarkers of early rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 193:376-385. [PMID: 29892977 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs have emerged as possible biomarkers for various diseases including autoimmune diseases. A number of studies have demonstrated that the expression of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) is dysregulated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). So far, all studies on miRNAs in RA patients have been performed using either microarray or reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analyses. Compared to RT-qPCR and microarray analyses, next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows the genome-wide analysis of small RNAs and the differentiation between miRNAs that differ by a single nucleotide. The application of NGS to the analysis of small RNAs circulating in sera of RA patients has not been reported. This study provides a global overview of the circulating small RNAs in the sera of RA patients and healthy subjects and identifies differences between these groups using NGS. Several classes of small RNAs, including hY RNA-derived fragments, tRNA-derived fragments and miRNAs, were determined. Differentially expressed individual small RNAs were verified by RT-qPCR. The levels of two miRNAs, miR-223-3p and miR-16-5p, were significantly lower in the sera from early RA patients than in those from established RA patients and healthy controls. In contrast, the serum level of miR-16-5p was higher in patients with established RA than in healthy control samples. These miRNAs may not only serve as biomarkers, but may also shed more light on the pathophysiology of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dunaeva
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J Blom
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - R Thurlings
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - G J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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12
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Abstract
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Autoreactive B cells are thought
to play a pivotal role in many
autoimmune diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease
affecting ∼1% of the Western population and is hallmarked by
the presence of anticitrullinated proteins antibodies (ACPA) produced
by autoreactive B cells. We intend to develop a method to target and
selectively eliminate these autoreactive B cells using a sequential
antigen prodrug targeting strategy. As ACPA-expressing B cells are
thought to play essential roles in RA-disease pathogenesis, we used
this B cell response as a prototype to analyze the feasibility to
generate a construct consisting of a biologically silenced, that is,
blocked, antigen connected to a cytotoxic prodrug. Blocking of the
antigen is considered relevant as it is anticipated that circulating
autoantibodies will otherwise clear the antigen-prodrug before it
can reach the target cell. The antigen-prodrug can only bind to the
autoantigen-specific B cell receptor (BCR) upon enzymatic removal
of the blocking group in close proximity of the B cell surface. BCR
binding ultimately induces antigen-specific cytotoxicity after internalization
of the antigen. We have synthesized a cyclic citrullinated peptide
(CCP) antigen suitable for BCR binding and demonstrated that binding
by ACPA was impaired upon introduction of a carboxy-p-nitrobenzyl (CNBz) blocking group at the side chain of the citrulline
residue. Enzymatic removal of the CNBz moiety by nitroreductase fully
restored citrulline-specific recognition by both ACPA and ACPA-expressing
B cells and showed targeted cell death of CCP-recognizing B cells
only. These results mark an important step toward antigen-specific
B cell targeting in general and more specifically in RA, as successful
blocking and activation of citrullinated antigens forms the basis
for subsequent use of such construct as a prodrug in the context of
autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne P W M Lelieveldt
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University Nijmegen 6525 AJ , The Netherlands
| | - Hendy Kristyanto
- Department of Rheumatology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University Nijmegen 6525 AJ , The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ulrich Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly M Bonger
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University Nijmegen 6525 AJ , The Netherlands
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13
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Friederich MW, Timal S, Powell CA, Dallabona C, Kurolap A, Palacios-Zambrano S, Bratkovic D, Derks TGJ, Bick D, Bouman K, Chatfield KC, Damouny-Naoum N, Dishop MK, Falik-Zaccai TC, Fares F, Fedida A, Ferrero I, Gallagher RC, Garesse R, Gilberti M, González C, Gowan K, Habib C, Halligan RK, Kalfon L, Knight K, Lefeber D, Mamblona L, Mandel H, Mory A, Ottoson J, Paperna T, Pruijn GJM, Rebelo-Guiomar PF, Saada A, Sainz B, Salvemini H, Schoots MH, Smeitink JA, Szukszto MJ, Ter Horst HJ, van den Brandt F, van Spronsen FJ, Veltman JA, Wartchow E, Wintjes LT, Zohar Y, Fernández-Moreno MA, Baris HN, Donnini C, Minczuk M, Rodenburg RJ, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in glutamyl-tRNA Gln amidotransferase subunits cause a lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy disorder. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4065. [PMID: 30283131 PMCID: PMC6170436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06250-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging a mitochondrial tRNA with its amino acid. Here, the authors describe pathogenic variants in the GatCAB protein complex genes required for the generation of glutaminyl-mt-tRNAGln, that impairs mitochondrial translation and presents with cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging mt-tRNAs with their cognate amino acids by mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, with the exception of glutaminyl mt-tRNA (mt-tRNAGln). mt-tRNAGln is indirectly charged by a transamidation reaction involving the GatCAB aminoacyl-tRNA amidotransferase complex. Defects involving the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery cause a broad spectrum of disorders, with often fatal outcome. Here, we describe nine patients from five families with genetic defects in a GatCAB complex subunit, including QRSL1, GATB, and GATC, each showing a lethal metabolic cardiomyopathy syndrome. Functional studies reveal combined respiratory chain enzyme deficiencies and mitochondrial dysfunction. Aminoacylation of mt-tRNAGln and mitochondrial protein translation are deficient in patients’ fibroblasts cultured in the absence of glutamine but restore in high glutamine. Lentiviral rescue experiments and modeling in S. cerevisiae homologs confirm pathogenicity. Our study completes a decade of investigations on mitochondrial aminoacylation disorders, starting with DARS2 and ending with the GatCAB complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Sharita Timal
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A Powell
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Sara Palacios-Zambrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Drago Bratkovic
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - David Bick
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Katelijne Bouman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nadine Damouny-Naoum
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Megan K Dishop
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tzipora C Falik-Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Fuad Fares
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Ayalla Fedida
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Ileana Ferrero
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Rafael Garesse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Micol Gilberti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Cristina González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Katherine Gowan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Clair Habib
- Department of Pediatrics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, 3339419, Israel
| | - Rebecca K Halligan
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel
| | - Kaz Knight
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Dirk Lefeber
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mamblona
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Hanna Mandel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,Metabolic Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Adi Mory
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - John Ottoson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tamar Paperna
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro F Rebelo-Guiomar
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom.,Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), University of Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Ann Saada
- Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research and the Department of Genetic and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Hayley Salvemini
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Mirthe H Schoots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Maciej J Szukszto
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Hendrik J Ter Horst
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Frans van den Brandt
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Francjan J van Spronsen
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Wartchow
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Liesbeth T Wintjes
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Yaniv Zohar
- Institute of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, 3109601, Haifa, Israel
| | - Miguel A Fernández-Moreno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Hagit N Baris
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Claudia Donnini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Michal Minczuk
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.
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14
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de Bont CM, Koopman WJH, Boelens WC, Pruijn GJM. Stimulus-dependent chromatin dynamics, citrullination, calcium signalling and ROS production during NET formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2018; 1865:1621-1629. [PMID: 30327203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils can release their chromatin to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a process known as NETosis. Although NET formation can be induced by various stimuli, recent evidence suggests that these stimuli do so via different mechanisms. Here, we have analysed NET formation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phorbol 12‑myristate 13‑acetate (PMA) and the calcium (Ca2+) ionophore A23187. Our results show distinct peroxidase and neutrophil elastase activities in both culture supernatant and NETs. Especially stimulation with A23187 led to pronounced peroxidase and elastase release and yielded high peroxidase activity on the resulting NETs. In contrast to LPS and PMA, A23187 did not induce morphological changes of the nuclei. Histone H3 citrullination was more extensively observed upon induction by A23187 and particularly in LPS- and PMA-induced NETs the detection of citrullinated H3 was dependent on the inhibition of neutrophil proteases, which suggests that NET-associated citrullinated histones are readily cleaved by these proteases. With live cell imaging techniques, differences in the rate of plasma membrane permeabilization were observed, not only for the different inducers, but also among individual neutrophils. LPS and PMA, but not A23187, induced early calcium oscillations and the cytosolic calcium concentrations gradually increased upon LPS and PMA stimulation until the plasma membrane ruptured. The levels of reactive oxygen species rose rapidly after PMA stimulation and much later in neutrophils exposed to LPS and A23187. Taken together, the observed molecular and dynamic differences indicate that NET formation induced by LPS, PMA and A23187 proceeds via different pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M de Bont
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilbert C Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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15
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Rietveld A, van den Hoogen LL, Bizzaro N, Blokland SLM, Dähnrich C, Gottenberg JE, Houen G, Johannsen N, Mandl T, Meyer A, Nielsen CT, Olsson P, van Roon J, Schlumberger W, van Engelen BGM, Saris CGJ, Pruijn GJM. Autoantibodies to Cytosolic 5'-Nucleotidase 1A in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1200. [PMID: 29922285 PMCID: PMC5996144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autoantibodies to cytosolic 5′-nucleotidase 1A (cN-1A; NT5C1A) have a high specificity when differentiating sporadic inclusion body myositis from polymyositis and dermatomyositis. In primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) anti-cN-1A autoantibodies can be detected as well. However, various frequencies of anti-cN-1A reactivity have been reported in SLE and pSS, which may at least in part be explained by the different assays used. Here, we determined the occurrence of anti-cN-1A reactivity in a large number of patients with pSS and SLE using one standardized ELISA. Methods Sera from pSS (n = 193) and SLE patients (n = 252) were collected in five European centers. Anti-cN-1A, anti-Ro52, anti-nucleosome, and anti-dsDNA reactivities were tested by ELISA (Euroimmun AG) in a single laboratory. Correlations of anti-cN-1A reactivity with demographic data and clinical data (duration of disease at the moment of serum sampling, autoimmune comorbidity and presence of muscular symptoms) were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Anti-cN-1A autoantibodies were found on average in 12% of pSS patients, with varying frequencies among the different cohorts (range: 7–19%). In SLE patients, the anti-cN-1A positivity on average was 10% (range: 6–21%). No relationship was found between anti-cN-1A reactivity and the presence or absence of anti-Ro52, anti-nucleosome, and anti-dsDNA reactivity in both pSS and SLE. No relationship between anti-cN-1A reactivity and duration of disease at the moment of serum sampling and the duration of serum storage was observed. The frequency of muscular symptoms or viral infections did not differ between anti-cN-1A-positive and -negative patients. In both disease groups anti-cN-1A-positive patients suffered more often from other autoimmune diseases than the anti-cN-1A-negative patients (15 versus 5% (p = 0.05) in pSS and 50 versus 30% (p = 0.02) in SLE). Conclusion Our results confirm the relatively frequent occurrence of anti-cN-1A in pSS and SLE patients and the variation in anti-cN-1A reactivity between independent groups of these patients. The explanation for this variation remains elusive. The correlation between anti-cN-1A reactivity and polyautoimmunity should be evaluated in future studies. We conclude that anti-cN-1A should be classified as a myositis-associated-, not as a myositis-specific-autoantibody based on its frequent presence in SLE and pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Rietveld
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Luuk L van den Hoogen
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nicola Bizzaro
- Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale San Antonio, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Tolmezzo, Italy
| | - Sofie L M Blokland
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Dähnrich
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, Euroimmun AG, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
- Service de physiologie et d'explorations fonctionnelles, Service de rhumatologie, Centre de référence des maladies auto-immunes rares and Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gunnar Houen
- Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nora Johannsen
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, Euroimmun AG, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Mandl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden and Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alain Meyer
- Service de physiologie et d'explorations fonctionnelles, Service de rhumatologie, Centre de référence des maladies auto-immunes rares and Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christoffer T Nielsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Disease, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Olsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden and Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Joel van Roon
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christiaan G J Saris
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Steinbusch MMF, Caron MMJ, Surtel DAM, Friedrich F, Lausch E, Pruijn GJM, Verhesen W, Schroen BLM, van Rhijn LW, Zabel B, Welting TJM. Expression of RMRP RNA is regulated in chondrocyte hypertrophy and determines chondrogenic differentiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6440. [PMID: 28743979 PMCID: PMC5527100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the RMRP-gene, encoding the lncRNA component of the RNase MRP complex, are the origin of cartilage-hair hypoplasia. Cartilage-hair hypoplasia is associated with severe dwarfism caused by impaired skeletal development. However, it is not clear why mutations in RMRP RNA lead to skeletal dysplasia. Since chondrogenic differentiation of the growth plate is required for development of long bones, we hypothesized that RMRP RNA plays a pivotal role in chondrogenic differentiation. Expression of Rmrp RNA and RNase MRP protein subunits was detected in the murine growth plate and during the course of chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cultures, where Rmrp RNA expression was found to be correlated with chondrocyte hypertrophy. Genetic interference with Rmrp RNA expression in ATDC5 cultures caused a deregulation of chondrogenic differentiation, with a prominent impact on hypertrophy and changes in pre-rRNA processing and rRNA levels. Promoter reporter studies showed that Rmrp RNA expression responds to chondrogenic morphogens. Chondrogenic trans-differentiation of cartilage-hair hypoplasia fibroblasts was impaired with a pronounced impact on hypertrophic differentiation. Together, our data show that RMRP RNA expression is regulated during different stages of chondrogenic differentiation and indicate that RMRP RNA may play a pivotal role in chondrocyte hypertrophy, with potential consequences for CHH pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Don A M Surtel
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska Friedrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Verhesen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche L M Schroen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Zabel
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Dunaeva M, Derksen M, Pruijn GJM. LINE-1 Hypermethylation in Serum Cell-Free DNA of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4681-4688. [PMID: 28707075 PMCID: PMC5948235 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Concentrations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) circulating in blood and its epigenetic variation, such as DNA methylation, may provide useful diagnostic or prognostic information. Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) constitutes approximately 20% of the human genome and its 5'UTR region is CpG rich. Due to its wide distribution, the methylation level of the 5'UTR of LINE-1 can serve as a surrogate marker of global genomic DNA methylation. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether the methylation status of LINE-1 elements in serum cell-free DNA differs between relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and healthy control subjects (CTR). Serum DNA samples of 6 patients and 6 controls were subjected to bisulfite sequencing. The results showed that the methylation level varies among distinct CpG sites in the 5'UTR of LINE-1 repeats and revealed differences in the methylation state of specific sites in this element between patients and controls. The latter differences were largely due to CpG sites in the L1PA2 subfamily, which were more frequently methylated in the RRMS patients than in the CTR group, whereas such differences were not observed in the L1HS subfamily. These data were verified by quantitative PCR using material from 18 patients and 18 control subjects. The results confirmed that the methylation level of a subset of the CpG sites within the LINE-1 promoter is elevated in DNA from RRMS patients in comparison with CTR. The present data suggest that the methylation status of CpG sites of LINE repeats could be a basis for development of diagnostic or prognostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dunaeva
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Merel Derksen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Lilleker JB, Rietveld A, Pye SR, Mariampillai K, Benveniste O, Peeters MTJ, Miller JAL, Hanna MG, Machado PM, Parton MJ, Gheorghe KR, Badrising UA, Lundberg IE, Sacconi S, Herbert MK, McHugh NJ, Lecky BRF, Brierley C, Hilton-Jones D, Lamb JA, Roberts ME, Cooper RG, Saris CGJ, Pruijn GJM, Chinoy H, van Engelen BGM. Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A autoantibody profile and clinical characteristics in inclusion body myositis. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:862-868. [PMID: 28122761 PMCID: PMC5530338 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autoantibodies directed against cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A have been identified in many patients with inclusion body myositis. This retrospective study investigated the association between anticytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A antibody status and clinical, serological and histopathological features to explore the utility of this antibody to identify inclusion body myositis subgroups and to predict prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from various European inclusion body myositis registries were pooled. Anticytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A status was determined by an established ELISA technique. Cases were stratified according to antibody status and comparisons made. Survival and mobility aid requirement analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Data from 311 patients were available for analysis; 102 (33%) had anticytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A antibodies. Antibody-positive patients had a higher adjusted mortality risk (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.21, p=0.019), lower frequency of proximal upper limb weakness at disease onset (8% vs 23%, adjusted OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.68, p=0.005) and an increased prevalence of excess of cytochrome oxidase deficient fibres on muscle biopsy analysis (87% vs 72%, adjusted OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.17 to 6.66, p=0.020), compared with antibody-negative patients. INTERPRETATION Differences were observed in clinical and histopathological features between anticytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A antibody positive and negative patients with inclusion body myositis, and antibody-positive patients had a higher adjusted mortality risk. Stratification of inclusion body myositis by anticytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A antibody status may be useful, potentially highlighting a distinct inclusion body myositis subtype with a more severe phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Lilleker
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, UK
| | - A Rietveld
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S R Pye
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - K Mariampillai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U974, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - O Benveniste
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U974, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - M T J Peeters
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J A L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospitals, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - M G Hanna
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - P M Machado
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - M J Parton
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K R Gheorghe
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U A Badrising
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - I E Lundberg
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Sacconi
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, Université Côté Azure (UCA), Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - M K Herbert
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N J McHugh
- Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases and Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - B R F Lecky
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Fazakerley, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Brierley
- Department of Neurology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Hilton-Jones
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - J A Lamb
- Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M E Roberts
- Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, UK
| | - R G Cooper
- Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- MRC-ARUK Institute for Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Rheumatology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - C G J Saris
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Chinoy
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Rheumatology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
- NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - B G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Rothwell S, Cooper RG, Lundberg IE, Gregersen PK, Hanna MG, Machado PM, Herbert MK, Pruijn GJM, Lilleker JB, Roberts M, Bowes J, Seldin MF, Vencovsky J, Danko K, Limaye V, Selva-O'Callaghan A, Platt H, Molberg Ø, Benveniste O, Radstake TRDJ, Doria A, De Bleecker J, De Paepe B, Gieger C, Meitinger T, Winkelmann J, Amos CI, Ollier WE, Padyukov L, Lee AT, Lamb JA, Chinoy H. Immune-Array Analysis in Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis Reveals HLA-DRB1 Amino Acid Heterogeneity Across the Myositis Spectrum. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:1090-1099. [PMID: 28086002 PMCID: PMC5516174 DOI: 10.1002/art.40045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is characterized by a combination of inflammatory and degenerative changes affecting muscle. While the primary cause of IBM is unknown, genetic factors may influence disease susceptibility. To determine genetic factors contributing to the etiology of IBM, we conducted the largest genetic association study of the disease to date, investigating immune-related genes using the Immunochip. METHODS A total of 252 Caucasian patients with IBM were recruited from 11 countries through the Myositis Genetics Consortium and compared with 1,008 ethnically matched controls. Classic HLA alleles and amino acids were imputed using SNP2HLA. RESULTS The HLA region was confirmed as the most strongly associated region in IBM (P = 3.58 × 10-33 ). HLA imputation identified 3 independent associations (with HLA-DRB1*03:01, DRB1*01:01, and DRB1*13:01), although the strongest association was with amino acid positions 26 and 11 of the HLA-DRB1 molecule. No association with anti-cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A-positive status was found independent of HLA-DRB1*03:01. There was no association of HLA genotypes with age at onset of IBM. Three non-HLA regions reached suggestive significance, including the chromosome 3 p21.31 region, an established risk locus for autoimmune disease, where a frameshift mutation in CCR5 is thought to be the causal variant. CONCLUSION This is the largest, most comprehensive genetic association study to date in IBM. The data confirm that HLA is the most strongly associated region and identifies novel amino acid associations that may explain the risk in this locus. These amino acid associations differentiate IBM from polymyositis and dermatomyositis and may determine properties of the peptide-binding groove, allowing it to preferentially bind autoantigenic peptides. A novel suggestive association within the chromosome 3 p21.31 region suggests a role for CCR5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Megan K Herbert
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, and Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - James B Lilleker
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | | | - John Bowes
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Vidya Limaye
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Meitinger
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany, and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany, and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Annette T Lee
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | | | - Hector Chinoy
- Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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20
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Bawadekar M, Shim D, Johnson CJ, Warner TF, Rebernick R, Damgaard D, Nielsen CH, Pruijn GJM, Nett JE, Shelef MA. Peptidylarginine deiminase 2 is required for tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced citrullination and arthritis, but not neutrophil extracellular trap formation. J Autoimmun 2017; 80:39-47. [PMID: 28188029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Citrullination, the post-translational conversion of arginines to citrullines, may contribute to rheumatoid arthritis development given the generation of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). However, it is not known which peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) catalyzes the citrullination seen in inflammation. PAD4 exacerbates inflammatory arthritis and is critical for neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs display citrullinated antigens targeted by ACPAs and thus may be a source of citrullinated protein. However, PAD4 is not required for citrullination in inflamed lungs. PAD2 is important for citrullination in healthy tissues and is present in NETs, but its role in citrullination in the inflamed joint, NETosis and inflammatory arthritis is unknown. Here we use mice with TNFα-induced inflammatory arthritis, a model of rheumatoid arthritis, to identify the roles of PAD2 and PAD4 in citrullination, NETosis, and arthritis. In mice with TNFα-induced arthritis, citrullination in the inflamed ankle was increased as determined by western blot. This increase was unchanged in the ankles of mice that lack PAD4. In contrast, citrullination was nearly absent in the ankles of PAD2-deficient mice. Interestingly, PAD2 was not required for NET formation as assessed by immunofluorescence or for killing of Candida albicans as determined by viability assay. Finally, plasma cell numbers as assessed by flow cytometry, IgG levels quantified by ELISA, and inflammatory arthritis as determined by clinical and pathological scoring were all reduced in the absence of PAD2. Thus, PAD2 contributes to TNFα-induced citrullination and arthritis, but is not required for NETosis. In contrast, PAD4, which is critical for NETosis, is dispensable for generalized citrullination supporting the possibility that NETs may not be a major source of citrullinated protein in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Bawadekar
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Daeun Shim
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chad J Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thomas F Warner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Rebernick
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dres Damgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus H Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeniel E Nett
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Miriam A Shelef
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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Bode SA, Kruis IC, Adams HPJHM, Boelens WC, Pruijn GJM, van Hest JCM, Löwik DWPM. Coiled-Coil-Mediated Activation of Oligoarginine Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Chembiochem 2016; 18:185-188. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia A. Bode
- Bio-Organic Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Ilmar C. Kruis
- Bio-Organic Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
- Biomolecular Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Hans P. J. H. M. Adams
- Bio-Organic Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Wilbert C. Boelens
- Biomolecular Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Biomolecular Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-Organic Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Dennis W. P. M. Löwik
- Bio-Organic Chemistry; Radboud University Nijmegen; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Netherlands
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22
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Joshua V, Schobers L, Titcombe PJ, Israelsson L, Rönnelid J, Hansson M, Catrina AI, Pruijn GJM, Malmström V. Antibody responses to de novo identified citrullinated fibrinogen peptides in rheumatoid arthritis and visualization of the corresponding B cells. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:284. [PMID: 27906052 PMCID: PMC5133744 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPA) are common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ACPA can appear before disease onset and target many self-antigens. Citrullinated fibrin/fibrinogen represents a classical ACPA target antigen, and mass spectrometry of RA synovial fluid reveals elevated citrullinated (cit) fibrinogen (Fib) peptides compared to non-RA controls. We investigated the extent to which these less-studied peptides represent autoantibody targets and sought to visualize the corresponding cit-Fib-reactive B cells in RA patients. METHODS An in-house ELISA was established against four cit-Fib α-subunit peptides (cit-Fib α-35; cit-Fib α-216,218; cit-Fib α-263,271 and cit-Fib α-425,426) and serum from patients with established RA (n = 347) and disease controls with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) or ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (n = 236) were analyzed. RA patients were genotyped for HLA-DR alleles, PTPN22 R620W and screened for anti-CCP2 and cit-Fib protein antibodies. The cit-Fib peptides were also used to assemble antigen tetramers to identify cit-Fib-reactive B cells in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. RESULTS The frequencies of autoantibodies against different cit-Fib epitopes in RA patients compared to PsA/AS patients were: cit-Fib α-35 (RA 20%, vs PsA/AS 1%); cit-Fib α-216,218 (13% vs 0.5%); cit-Fib α-263,271 (21% vs 0.5%) and cit-Fib α-425,426 (17% vs 1%). The presence of autoantibodies against these peptides was associated with presence of anti-CCP2 and anti-cit-Fib protein antibodies. No association was found between HLA-DR shared epitope and antibodies to the different cit-Fib peptides. However, association was observed between the PTPN22 risk allele and positivity to cit-Fib α-35 and cit-Fib α-263,271. B cells carrying surface Ig reactive to these cit-Fib peptides were found in RA peripheral blood and these tend to be more common in PTPN22 risk allele carriers. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that several cit-Fib peptides are targeted by autoantibodies in RA, but not in PsA/AS, implicating that these are not due to arthritis but more specific for RA etiology. The RA-associated anti-cit protein response is broad with many parallel immune responses. The association between cit-Fib autoantibodies and the PTPN22 R620W risk allele supports the hypothesis of altered B cell regulation, such as autoreactive B cells evading tolerance checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Joshua
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loes Schobers
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Philip J Titcombe
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Israelsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Rönnelid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monika Hansson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anca I Catrina
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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23
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Conrad K, Andrade LEC, Chan EKL, Mahler M, Meroni PL, Pruijn GJM, Steiner G, Shoenfeld Y. From autoantibody research to standardized diagnostic assays in the management of human diseases – report of the 12th Dresden Symposium on Autoantibodies. Lupus 2016; 25:787-96. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203316644337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Testing for autoantibodies (AABs) is becoming more and more relevant, not only for diagnosing autoimmune diseases (AIDs) but also for the differentiation of defined AID subtypes with different clinical manifestations, course and prognosis as well as the very early diagnosis for adequate management in the context of personalized medicine. A major challenge to improve diagnostic accuracy is to harmonize or even standardize AAB analyses. This review presents the results of the 12th Dresden Symposium on Autoantibodies that focused on several aspects of improving autoimmune diagnostics. Topics that are addressed include the International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP) and the International Autoantibody Standardization (IAS) initiatives, the optimization of diagnostic algorithms, the description and evaluation of novel disease-specific AABs as well as the development and introduction of novel assays into routine diagnostics. This review also highlights important developments of recent years, most notably the improvement in diagnosing and predicting the course of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, and of autoimmune neurological, gastrointestinal and liver diseases; the potential diagnostic role of anti-DFS70 antibodies and tumor-associated AABs. Furthermore, some hot topics in autoimmunity regarding disease pathogenesis and management are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Conrad
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty of the Technical University of Dresden, Germany
| | - L E C Andrade
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Immunology Division, Fleury Medicine and Health Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E K L Chan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M Mahler
- INOVA Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - P L Meroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - G J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G Steiner
- Department of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Shoenfeld
- Sackler Faculty in Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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24
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Damgaard D, Bjørn ME, Steffensen MA, Pruijn GJM, Nielsen CH. Reduced glutathione as a physiological co-activator in the activation of peptidylarginine deiminase. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:102. [PMID: 27149996 PMCID: PMC4858833 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Citrullination catalysed by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) plays an important pathogenic role in anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and, possibly, several other inflammatory diseases. Non-physiological reducing agents such as dithiothreitol (DTT) are normally added to the reaction buffer when determining PAD activity in vitro. We investigated the ability of reduced glutathione (GSH), the most abundant intracellular small-molecule thiol in vivo, to activate PADs. Methods Activity of recombinant human (rh) PAD2 and PAD4, PADs contained in synovial fluid (SF) samples from RA patients and PADs released from phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated cells was measured using an in-house PAD activity assay detecting citrullination of fibrinogen. Results No activity of rhPAD2, rhPAD4 or PADs within SF was observed without addition of an exogenous reducing agent. Activity of both recombinant and SF PAD was observed in the presence of 1 mM DTT or 10–15 mM GSH. Following stimulation with PMA, human isolated leucocytes, but not mononuclear cells, released enzymatically active PAD, the activity of which was abolished upon pre-incubation of the cells with the glutathione reductase inhibitor 2-AAPA. No PAD activity was observed in the corresponding supernatants, but addition of exogenous GSH restored activity. Conclusions Catalytic activity of PAD requires reducing conditions. GSH meets this requirement at concentrations comparable with those found within cells. Active PAD, reduced by GSH, is released from PMA-stimulated granulocytes, but becomes inactivated in the extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dres Damgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Section for Periodontology, Microbiology and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Mads Emil Bjørn
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Haematology, Roskilde Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Maria A Steffensen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Claus H Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section for Periodontology, Microbiology and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Kruis IC, Löwik DWPM, Boelens WC, van Hest JCM, Pruijn GJM. An integrated, peptide-based approach to site-specific protein immobilization for detection of biomolecular interactions. Analyst 2016; 141:5321-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00154h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific immobilization of proteins on a biosensor surface, based on leucine zipper interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilmar C. Kruis
- Radboud University
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Dennis W. P. M. Löwik
- Radboud University
- Department of Bio-organic Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert C. Boelens
- Radboud University
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Radboud University
- Department of Bio-organic Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Radboud University
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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26
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Dunaeva M, Buddingh’ BC, Toes REM, Luime JJ, Lubberts E, Pruijn GJM. Decreased serum cell-free DNA levels in rheumatoid arthritis. Auto Immun Highlights 2015; 6:23-30. [PMID: 26113482 PMCID: PMC4536238 DOI: 10.1007/s13317-015-0066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have demonstrated that serum/plasma DNA and RNA molecules in addition to proteins can serve as biomarkers. Elevated levels of these nucleic acids have been found not only in acute, but also in chronic conditions, including autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to assess cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels in sera of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to controls. Methods cfDNA was extracted from sera of patients with early and established RA, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients (RRMS) and healthy subjects, and its concentration was determined by quantitative PCR using two amplicons, Alu115 and β-actin205, corresponding to Alu repetitive elements and the β-actin single-copy gene, respectively. Serum DNase activity was measured by a single radial enzyme diffusion method. Results Reduced levels of cfDNA were observed in patients with established RA in comparison with healthy controls, early RA patients and RRMS patients. There were no significant differences in cfDNA concentration between healthy controls, early RA and RRMS patients. Total DNase activity appeared to be similar in the sera of all tested groups. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that cfDNA levels are strongly reduced in the sera of established RA patients, which is not caused by changes in DNase activity. Measurement of cfDNA can distinguish established RA patients from early RA patients. Thus, cfDNA may serve as a biomarker in RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13317-015-0066-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dunaeva
- />284 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan C. Buddingh’
- />284 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René E. M. Toes
- />Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda J. Luime
- />Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Lubberts
- />Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- />284 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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27
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Abstract
The discovery that citrullination was crucial for the recognition of antigens by the most disease-specific class of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had a huge impact on studies aimed at understanding autoimmunity in this disease. In addition to the detailed characterization of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, various studies have addressed the identity of citrullinated antigens. These investigations were facilitated by new methods to characterize these proteins, the analysis of protein citrullination by peptidylarginine deiminases, the generation of a catalog of citrullinated proteins present in the inflamed joints of patients and the finding that the formation of extracellular traps is dependent on the activity of peptidylarginine deiminase activity. Recently, it was found that in addition to citrullination also carbamylation, which results in chemically highly related modified proteins, yields antigens that are targeted by rheumatoid arthritis patient sera. Here, all of these aspects will be discussed, culminating in current ideas about the involvement of citrullination and carbamylation in pathophysiological processes in autoimmunity, especially RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , Netherlands
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28
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Hensen SMM, Boelens WC, Bonger KM, van Cruchten RTP, van Delft FL, Pruijn GJM. Phenylglyoxal-based visualization of citrullinated proteins on Western blots. Molecules 2015; 20:6592-600. [PMID: 25875038 PMCID: PMC6272700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrullination is the conversion of peptidylarginine to peptidylcitrulline, which is catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminases. This conversion is involved in different physiological processes and is associated with several diseases, including cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. A common method to detect citrullinated proteins relies on anti-modified citrulline antibodies directed to a specific chemical modification of the citrulline side chain. Here, we describe a versatile, antibody-independent method for the detection of citrullinated proteins on a membrane, based on the selective reaction of phenylglyoxal with the ureido group of citrulline under highly acidic conditions. The method makes use of 4-azidophenylglyoxal, which, after reaction with citrullinated proteins, can be visualized with alkyne-conjugated probes. The sensitivity of this procedure, using an alkyne-biotin probe, appeared to be comparable to the antibody-based detection method and independent of the sequence surrounding the citrulline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M M Hensen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wilbert C Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Kimberly M Bonger
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Remco T P van Cruchten
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Floris L van Delft
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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29
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Herbert MK, Stammen-Vogelzangs J, Verbeek MM, Rietveld A, Lundberg IE, Chinoy H, Lamb JA, Cooper RG, Roberts M, Badrising UA, De Bleecker JL, Machado PM, Hanna MG, Plestilova L, Vencovsky J, van Engelen BG, Pruijn GJM. Disease specificity of autoantibodies to cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A in sporadic inclusion body myositis versus known autoimmune diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:696-701. [PMID: 25714931 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The diagnosis of inclusion body myositis (IBM) can be challenging as it can be difficult to clinically distinguish from other forms of myositis, particularly polymyositis (PM). Recent studies have shown frequent presence of autoantibodies directed against cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A (cN-1A) in patients with IBM. We therefore, examined the autoantigenicity and disease specificity of major epitopes of cN-1A in patients with sporadic IBM compared with healthy and disease controls. METHODS Serum samples obtained from patients with IBM (n=238), PM and dermatomyositis (DM) (n=185), other autoimmune diseases (n=246), other neuromuscular diseases (n=93) and healthy controls (n=35) were analysed for the presence of autoantibodies using immunodominant cN-1A peptide ELISAs. RESULTS Autoantibodies directed against major epitopes of cN-1A were frequent in patients with IBM (37%) but not in PM, DM or non-autoimmune neuromuscular diseases (<5%). Anti-cN-1A reactivity was also observed in some other autoimmune diseases, particularly Sjögren's syndrome (SjS; 36%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; 20%). CONCLUSIONS In summary, we found frequent anti-cN-1A autoantibodies in sera from patients with IBM. Heterogeneity in reactivity with the three immunodominant epitopes indicates that serological assays should not be limited to a distinct epitope region. The similar reactivities observed for SjS and SLE demonstrate the need to further investigate whether distinct IBM-specific epitopes exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Herbert
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Stammen-Vogelzangs
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Rietveld
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet/Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hector Chinoy
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Janine A Lamb
- Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert G Cooper
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, MRC/ARUK Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark Roberts
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Umesh A Badrising
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan L De Bleecker
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro M Machado
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael G Hanna
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lenka Plestilova
- Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Rheumatology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Vencovsky
- Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Rheumatology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Baziel G van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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30
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Rombouts Y, Willemze A, van Beers JJBC, Shi J, Kerkman PF, van Toorn L, Janssen GMC, Zaldumbide A, Hoeben RC, Pruijn GJM, Deelder AM, Wolbink G, Rispens T, van Veelen PA, Huizinga TWJ, Wuhrer M, Trouw LA, Scherer HU, Toes REM. Extensive glycosylation of ACPA-IgG variable domains modulates binding to citrullinated antigens in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:578-85. [PMID: 25587188 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand the molecular features distinguishing anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) from 'conventional' antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Serum of ACPA-positive RA patients was fractionated by size exclusion chromatography and analysed for the presence of ACPA-IgG by ELISA. ACPA-IgG and non-citrulline-specific IgG were affinity purified from serum, plasma and/or synovial fluid and analysed by gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis bands were excised, enzymatically digested and analysed by mass spectrometry. Binding affinity to citrullinated antigens was measured by ELISA and imaging surface plasmon resonance using recombinant monoclonal ACPA with molecular modifications. RESULTS In all donor samples studied (n=24), ACPA-IgG exhibited a 10-20 kDa higher molecular weight compared with non-autoreactive IgG. This feature also distinguished ACPA-IgG from antibodies against recall antigens or other disease-specific autoantibodies. Structural analysis revealed that a high frequency of N-glycans in the (hyper)variable domains of ACPA is responsible for this observation. In line with their localisation, these N-glycans were found to modulate binding avidity of ACPA to citrullinated antigens. CONCLUSIONS The vast majority of ACPA-IgG harbour N-glycans in their variable domains. As N-linked glycosylation requires glycosylation consensus sites in the protein sequence and as these are lacking in the 'germline-counterparts' of identified variable domains, our data indicate that the N-glycosylation sites in ACPA variable domains have been introduced by somatic hypermutation. This finding also suggests that ACPA-hyperglycosylation confers a selective advantage to ACPA-producing B cells. This unique and completely novel feature of the citrulline-specific immune response in RA elucidates our understanding of the underlying B cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Rombouts
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Willemze
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joyce J B C van Beers
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Priscilla F Kerkman
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Linda van Toorn
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - George M C Janssen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - André M Deelder
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Wolbink
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Jan van Breemen Research Institute Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Leendert A Trouw
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Niemelä EH, Oghabian A, Staals RHJ, Greco D, Pruijn GJM, Frilander MJ. Global analysis of the nuclear processing of transcripts with unspliced U12-type introns by the exosome. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:7358-69. [PMID: 24848017 PMCID: PMC4066798 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
U12-type introns are a rare class of introns in the genomes of diverse eukaryotes. In the human genome, they number over 700. A subset of these introns has been shown to be spliced at a slower rate compared to the major U2-type introns. This suggests a rate-limiting regulatory function for the minor spliceosome in the processing of transcripts containing U12-type introns. However, both the generality of slower splicing and the subsequent fate of partially processed pre-mRNAs remained unknown. Here, we present a global analysis of the nuclear retention of transcripts containing U12-type introns and provide evidence for the nuclear decay of such transcripts in human cells. Using SOLiD RNA sequencing technology, we find that, in normal cells, U12-type introns are on average 2-fold more retained than the surrounding U2-type introns. Furthermore, we find that knockdown of RRP41 and DIS3 subunits of the exosome stabilizes an overlapping set of U12-type introns. RRP41 knockdown leads to slower decay kinetics of U12-type introns and globally upregulates the retention of U12-type, but not U2-type, introns. Our results indicate that U12-type introns are spliced less efficiently and are targeted by the exosome. These characteristics support their role in the regulation of cellular mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina H Niemelä
- Institute of Biotechnology, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ali Oghabian
- Institute of Biotechnology, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raymond H J Staals
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - Dario Greco
- Unit of Systems Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - Mikko J Frilander
- Institute of Biotechnology, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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32
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van de Schootbrugge C, Schults EMJ, Bussink J, Span PN, Grénman R, Pruijn GJM, Kaanders JHAM, Boelens WC. Effect of hypoxia on the expression of αB-crystallin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:252. [PMID: 24725344 PMCID: PMC3990244 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with therapeutic resistance and increased risk of metastasis formation. αB-crystallin (HspB5) is a small heat shock protein, which is also associated with metastasis formation in HNSCC. In this study, we investigated whether αB-crystallin protein expression is increased in hypoxic areas of HNSCC biopsies and analyzed whether hypoxia induces αB-crystallin expression in vitro and in this way may confer hypoxic cell survival. Methods In 38 HNSCC biopsies, the overlap between immunohistochemically stained αB-crystallin and pimonidazole-adducts (hypoxiamarker) was determined. Moreover, expression levels of αB-crystallin were analyzed in HNSCC cell lines under hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions and after exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). siRNA-mediated knockdown was used to determine the influence of αB-crystallin on cell survival under hypoxic conditions. Results In all biopsies αB-crystallin was more abundantly present in hypoxic areas than in normoxic areas. Remarkably, hypoxia decreased αB-crystallin mRNA expression in the HNSCC cell lines. Only after reoxygenation, a condition that stimulates ROS formation, αB-crystallin expression was increased. αB-crystallin mRNA levels were also increased by extracellular ROS, and NAC abolished the reoxygenation-induced αB-crystallin upregulation. Moreover, it was found that decreased αB-crystallin levels reduced cell survival under hypoxic conditions. Conclusions We provide the first evidence that hypoxia stimulates upregulation of αB-crystallin in HNSCC. This upregulation was not caused by the low oxygen pressure, but more likely by ROS formation. The higher expression of αB-crystallin may lead to prolonged survival of these cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wilbert C Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, 271, RIMLS, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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33
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de Aquino SG, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, Koenders MI, van de Loo FAJ, Pruijn GJM, Marijnissen RJ, Walgreen B, Helsen MM, van den Bersselaar LA, de Molon RS, Avila Campos MJ, Cunha FQ, Cirelli JA, van den Berg WB. Periodontal pathogens directly promote autoimmune experimental arthritis by inducing a TLR2- and IL-1-driven Th17 response. J Immunol 2014; 192:4103-11. [PMID: 24683190 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increasing epidemiologic evidence supports a link between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The actual involvement of periodontitis in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and the underlying mechanisms remain, however, poorly understood. We investigated the influence of concomitant periodontitis on clinical and histopathologic characteristics of T cell-mediated experimental arthritis and evaluated modulation of type II collagen (CII)-reactive Th cell phenotype as a potential mechanism. Repeated oral inoculations of periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella nigrescens induced periodontitis in mice, as evidenced by alveolar bone resorption. Interestingly, concurrent periodontitis induced by both bacteria significantly aggravated the severity of collagen-induced arthritis. Exacerbation of arthritis was characterized by increased arthritic bone erosion, whereas cartilage damage remained unaffected. Both P. gingivalis and P. nigrescens skewed the CII-specific T cell response in lymph nodes draining arthritic joints toward the Th17 phenotype without affecting Th1. Importantly, the levels of IL-17 induced by periodontal pathogens in CII-specific T cells directly correlated with the intensity of arthritic bone erosion, suggesting relevance in pathology. Furthermore, IL-17 production was significantly correlated with periodontal disease-induced IL-6 in lymph node cell cultures. The effects of the two bacteria diverged in that P. nigrescens, in contrast to P. gingivalis, suppressed the joint-protective type 2 cytokines, including IL-4. Further in vitro studies showed that the Th17 induction strongly depended on TLR2 expression on APCs and was highly promoted by IL-1. Our data provide evidence of the involvement of periodontitis in the pathogenesis of T cell-driven arthritis through induction of Ag-specific Th17 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina G de Aquino
- Department of Rheumatology, Rheumatology Research and Advanced Therapeutics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Kappel RM, Cohen Tervaert JW, Pruijn GJM. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) due to silicone implant incompatibility syndrome in three sisters. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32:256-258. [PMID: 24739521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Three sisters who carried the BRCA-1 gene mutation had a preventive mastectomy and were reconstructed with silicone breast implants. After the reconstruction all three patients developed fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia and sleep disturbances within a period of four years. Because the complaints were thought to be related to the silicone breast implants, they were advised to have the implants replaced by non-silicone gel containing Monobloc Hydrogel breast implants. After this replacement operation, all complaints improved as evaluated 2.5 years later. Since the complaints developed during the presence of silicone implants and since the reversal was observed after replacement by hydrogel implants we postulate that our patients suffered from ASIA due to silicone implants, i.e. Silicone Implant Incompatibility Syndrome (SIIS). The generation of this syndrome in three sisters suggests that the susceptibility to the development of SIIS may be genetically determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Kappel
- Institute for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
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Hensen SMM, Pruijn GJM. Methods for the detection of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) activity and protein citrullination. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:388-96. [PMID: 24298040 PMCID: PMC3916641 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.r113.033746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The post-translational conversion of peptidylarginine to peptidylcitrulline, a process also known as citrullination, is catalyzed by the enzyme family of peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) and has been demonstrated to be involved in many physiological processes, including the regulation of gene expression. In addition, citrullination has been shown to be associated with several diseases, such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. To get more insight into the role of PAD enzymes and citrullination in both health and disease, experimental strategies to study PAD activity and to characterize citrullinated proteins in complex biological samples are crucial. Here, we describe the chemical, proteomic and antibody-based procedures that are currently available and discuss their applicability for the analysis of complex samples. The methods that have been developed can be used to provide more insight in the substrate specificity of PAD enzymes. Because the evidence that PADs play a pathophysiological role in the diseases mentioned above is increasing, they become attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. More knowledge of PAD specificity and the availability of reliable, high-throughput assays for PAD activity will facilitate the development of highly specific PAD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M. M. Hensen
- From the ‡Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- From the ‡Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Citrullination and the immune response to citrullinated proteins have been fundamental for the early recognition of rheumatoid arthritis by serological tests and a better understanding of its pathophysiology. In the first years after the initial publications, the focus was on the antibodies directed to citrullinated proteins. It is now realized that citrullinating enzymes and citrullinated proteins may have important roles in the maintenance of the inflammatory processes in the joints. There is also accumulating evidence for a direct role of citrullination in tissue destruction in the rheumatoid synovium. Here we will discuss the development and importance of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis as well as recent findings implicating citrullination in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Abstract
B cell epitope mapping is widely applied to determine antibody-binding sites. Several methods exist to map B cell epitopes and here we describe three methods that are characterized by the simultaneous analysis of multiple peptides. In the first approach a microarray of overlapping synthetic peptides derived from an antigenic protein is used and the binding of the antibodies is analyzed by fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies. This method is particularly suited for the identification of linear epitopes of an established target protein. In the second approach the binding of antibodies to a random synthetic peptide library immobilized on microbeads is determined by enzyme-conjugated secondary antibodies and the selection of antibody-bound beads by a light microscope. This method can be applied when information on the identity of the antigenic protein is lacking. In the third method an antigen is proteolytically digested and antibody binding to the resulting peptides is analyzed by surface plasmon resonance imaging (iSPR). The latter method can be applied when the purified antigenic protein is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M M Hensen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, 9101, NL-6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Damgaard D, Palarasah Y, Skjødt K, Catrina AI, Hensen SMM, Pruijn GJM, Nielsen CH. Generation of monoclonal antibodies against peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) and development of a PAD2-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Immunol Methods 2013; 405:15-22. [PMID: 24384061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) has been associated with inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis. To investigate the association of various diseases with extracellular PAD2, we raised monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against rabbit PAD2 and evaluated their cross-reactivity with human PAD2 by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting and immunohistological staining of inflamed synovial tissue. Moreover, we established a sandwich ELISA detecting human PAD2, based on two different monoclonal antibodies, mAbs DN2 and DN6. The assay had a lower detection limit of 200pg/mL in serum and plasma samples, and showed dilution linearity and recovery ranging from 95 to 106%. The mAbs and the ELISA showed isotype specificity for PAD2. Circulating PAD2 was found in 8/28 (29%) serum samples from healthy donors. In conclusion, several of our mAbs proved useful in western blotting and immunohistochemistry, and the ELISA described here reliably measures PAD2 levels in blood. This allows investigation of PAD2 as a possible biomarker and further investigation of PAD2's involvement in various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dres Damgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Karsten Skjødt
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Anca I Catrina
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Sanne M M Hensen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Claus H Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
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van Beers JJBC, Willemze A, Jansen JJ, Engbers GHM, Salden M, Raats J, Drijfhout JW, van der Helm-van Mil AHM, Toes REM, Pruijn GJM. ACPA fine-specificity profiles in early rheumatoid arthritis patients do not correlate with clinical features at baseline or with disease progression. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:R140. [PMID: 24286543 PMCID: PMC3978944 DOI: 10.1186/ar4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoantibodies against citrullinated peptides/proteins (ACPA) are found in approximately 75% of the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The RA-specific ACPA are frequently present prior to disease onset and their presence associates with a more erosive disease course. ACPA can therefore be used to aid the diagnosis and prognosis of RA. Recently, it became clear that ACPA are very heterogeneous, both in an individual patient and among different patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether clinically meaningful ACPA profiles exist in early RA patients. METHODS Twenty citrullinated peptides and the corresponding non-citrullinated control peptides were immobilized on microarray sensor chips. Sera from 374 early arthritis patients were analyzed by surface plasmon resonance imaging (iSPR) of biomolecular interactions on the sensor chip. RESULTS Cluster analysis of the reactivities with the citrullinated peptides, after subtraction of the reactivities with the corresponding control peptides confirmed the heterogeneity of the ACPA response in RA and revealed 12 distinct ACPA profiles. The association of the 5 most frequent profiles with clinical features at diagnosis and during the disease course was examined, showing no statistically significant associations. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the detection of ACPA in RA sera by CCP-based assays, ACPA profiling in early arthritis patients did not reveal associations with disease activity and progression scores.
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den Engelsman J, van de Schootbrugge C, Yong J, Pruijn GJM, Boelens WC. Pseudophosphorylated αB-crystallin is a nuclear chaperone imported into the nucleus with help of the SMN complex. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73489. [PMID: 24023879 PMCID: PMC3762725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human small heat shock protein αB-crystallin (HspB5) is a molecular chaperone which is mainly localized in the cytoplasm. A small fraction can also be found in nuclear speckles, of which the localization is mediated by successional phosphorylation at Ser-59 and Ser-45. αB-crystallin does not contain a canonical nuclear localization signal sequence and the mechanism by which αB-crystallin is imported into the nucleus is not known. Here we show that after heat shock pseudophosphorylated αB-crystallin mutant αB-STD, in which all three phosphorylatable serine residues (Ser-19, Ser-45 and Ser-59) were replaced by negatively charged aspartate residues, is released from the nuclear speckles. This allows αB-crystallin to chaperone proteins in the nucleoplasm, as shown by the ability of αB-STD to restore nuclear firefly luciferase activity after a heat shock. With the help of a yeast two-hybrid screen we found that αB-crystallin can interact with the C-terminal part of Gemin3 and confirmed this interaction by co-immunoprecipitation. Gemin3 is a component of the SMN complex, which is involved in the assembly and nuclear import of U-snRNPs. Knockdown of Gemin3 in an in situ nuclear import assay strongly reduced the accumulation of αB-STD in nuclear speckles. Furthermore, depletion of SMN inhibited nuclear import of fluorescently labeled recombinant αB-STD in an in vitro nuclear import assay, which could be restored by the addition of purified SMN complex. These results show that the SMN-complex facilitates the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated αB-crystallin in nuclear speckles, thereby creating a chaperone depot enabling a rapid chaperone function in the nucleus in response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- John den Engelsman
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal van de Schootbrugge
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeongsik Yong
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert C. Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hensen SMM, Heldens L, van Genesen ST, Pruijn GJM, Lubsen NH. A delayed antioxidant response in heat-stressed cells expressing a non-DNA binding HSF1 mutant. Cell Stress Chaperones 2013; 18:455-73. [PMID: 23321918 PMCID: PMC3682012 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the consequences of inactivation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) during aging, we analyzed the effect of HSF1 K80Q, a mutant unable to bind DNA, and of dnHSF1, a mutant lacking the activation domain, on the transcriptome of cells 6 and 24 h after heat shock. The primary response to heat shock (6 h recovery), of which 30 % was HSF1-dependent, had decayed 24 h after heat shock in control cells but was extended in HSF1 K80Q and dnHSF1 cells. Comparison with literature data showed that even the HSF1 dependent primary stress response is largely cell specific. HSF1 K80Q, but not HSF1 siRNA-treated, cells showed a delayed stress response: an increase in transcript levels of HSF1 target genes 24 h after heat stress. Knockdown of NRF2, but not of ATF4, c-Fos or FosB, inhibited this delayed stress response. EEF1D_L siRNA inhibited both the delayed and the extended primary stress responses, but had off target effects. In control cells an antioxidant response (ARE binding, HMOX1 mRNA levels) was detected 6 h after heat shock; in HSF1 K80Q cells this response was delayed to 24 h and the ARE complex had a different mobility. Inactivation of HSF1 thus affects the timing and nature of the antioxidant response and NRF2 can activate at least some HSF1 target genes in the absence of HSF1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M. M. Hensen
- 271 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Heldens
- 271 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Siebe T. van Genesen
- 271 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- 271 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette H. Lubsen
- 271 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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van Beers JJBC, Schwarte CM, Stammen-Vogelzangs J, Oosterink E, Božič B, Pruijn GJM. The rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid citrullinome reveals novel citrullinated epitopes in apolipoprotein E, myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen, and β-actin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:69-80. [PMID: 23044660 DOI: 10.1002/art.37720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate a catalog of citrullinated proteins that are present in the synovia of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to elucidate their relevance for the anti-citrullinated protein antibody response in RA. METHODS Polypeptides isolated from the synovial fluid of patients with RA were identified by mass spectrometry. Three proteins (apolipoprotein E [Apo E], myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen [MNDA], and β-actin) were studied in more detail, using immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. The presence of autoantibodies to synthetic peptides derived from these proteins in sera from patients with RA, sera from patients with other diseases, and sera from healthy control subjects was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS RA synovial fluid samples displayed several distinct patterns of citrullinated proteins. Using mass spectrometry, (fragments of) 192 proteins were identified, including 53 citrullinated proteins, some of which contained multiple citrullinated residues. In addition to previously reported citrullinated proteins in RA synovia (e.g., vimentin and fibrinogen), a series of novel citrullinated proteins, including Apo E, MNDA, β-actin, and cyclophilin A, was identified. Immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the citrullination of Apo E and MNDA. ELISAs demonstrated the presence of autoreactive citrullinated epitopes in Apo E, MNDA, and β-actin. CONCLUSION Synovial fluid samples from the inflamed joints of patients with RA contain many citrullinated proteins. Citrullinated Apo E, MNDA, and β-actin are novel antigens identified in RA synovial fluid, and only a limited number of their citrullinated epitopes are targeted by the immune system in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce J B C van Beers
- Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Pluk H, van Hoeve BJA, van Dooren SHJ, Stammen-Vogelzangs J, van der Heijden A, Schelhaas HJ, Verbeek MM, Badrising UA, Arnardottir S, Gheorghe K, Lundberg IE, Boelens WC, van Engelen BG, Pruijn GJM. Autoantibodies to cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A in inclusion body myositis. Ann Neurol 2013; 73:397-407. [PMID: 23460448 DOI: 10.1002/ana.23822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by both degenerative and autoimmune features. In contrast to other inflammatory myopathies, myositis-specific autoantibodies had not been found in sIBM patients until recently. We used human skeletal muscle extracts as a source of antigens to detect autoantibodies in sIBM and to characterize the corresponding antigen. METHODS Autoantibodies to skeletal muscle antigens were detected by immunoblotting. The target antigen was immunoaffinity-purified from skeletal muscle extracts and characterized by mass spectrometry. A cDNA encoding this protein was cloned and expressed in vitro, and its recognition by patient sera was analyzed in an immunoprecipitation assay. Epitopes were mapped using microarrays of overlapping peptides. RESULTS An Mr 44,000 polypeptide (Mup44) was frequently targeted by sIBM autoantibodies. The target protein was purified, and subsequent mass spectrometry analysis revealed that Mup44 is the cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A (cN1A). By immunoprecipitation of recombinant cN1A, high concentrations of anti-Mup44 autoantibodies were detected in 33% of sIBM patient sera, whereas their prevalence in dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and other neuromuscular disorders appeared to be rare (4.2%, 4.5%, and 3.2%, respectively). Low concentrations of anti-Mup44 antibodies were found in myositis as well as other neuromuscular disorders, but not in healthy controls. Three major autoepitope regions of cN1A were mapped by using microarrays containing a set of overlapping peptides covering the complete cN1A amino acid sequence. INTERPRETATION Anti-Mup44 autoantibodies, which are targeted to cN1A, represent the first serological biomarker for sIBM and may facilitate the diagnosis of this type of myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helma Pluk
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Sloan KE, Mattijssen S, Lebaron S, Tollervey D, Pruijn GJM, Watkins NJ. Both endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic cleavage mediate ITS1 removal during human ribosomal RNA processing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 200:577-88. [PMID: 23439679 PMCID: PMC3587827 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human ribosome production is up-regulated during tumorogenesis and is defective in many genetic diseases (ribosomopathies). We have undertaken a detailed analysis of human precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing because surprisingly little is known about this important pathway. Processing in internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) is a key step that separates the rRNA components of the large and small ribosomal subunits. We report that this was initiated by endonuclease cleavage, which required large subunit biogenesis factors. This was followed by 3' to 5' exonucleolytic processing by RRP6 and the exosome, an enzyme complex not previously linked to ITS1 removal. In contrast, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of the endoribonuclease MRP did not result in a clear defect in ITS1 processing. Despite the apparently high evolutionary conservation of the pre-rRNA processing pathway and ribosome synthesis factors, each of these features of human ITS1 processing is distinct from those in budding yeast. These results also provide significant insight into the links between ribosomopathies and ribosome production in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Sloan
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK
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Hensen SMM, Heldens L, van Enckevort CMW, van Genesen ST, Pruijn GJM, Lubsen NH. Activation of the antioxidant response in methionine deprived human cells results in an HSF1-independent increase in HSPA1A mRNA levels. Biochimie 2013; 95:1245-51. [PMID: 23395854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In cells starved for leucine, lysine or glutamine heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is inactivated and the level of the transcripts of the HSF1 target genes HSPA1A (Hsp70) and DNAJB1 (Hsp40) drops. We show here that in HEK293 cells deprived of methionine HSF1 was similarly inactivated but that the level of HSPA1A and DNAJB1 mRNA increased. This increase was also seen in cells expressing a dominant negative HSF1 mutant (HSF379 or HSF1-K80Q), confirming that the increase is HSF1 independent. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine completely inhibited the increase in HSPA1A and DNAJB1 mRNA levels upon methionine starvation, indicating that this increase is a response to oxidative stress resulting from a lack of methionine. Cells starved for methionine contained higher levels of c-Fos and FosB mRNA, but knockdown of these transcription factors had no effect on the HSPA1A or DNAJB1 mRNA level. Knockdown of NRF2 mRNA resulted in the inhibition of the increase in the HSPA1A mRNA, but not the DNAJB1 mRNA, level in methionine starved cells. We conclude that methionine deprivation results in both the amino acid deprivation response and an antioxidant response mediated at least in part by NRF2. This antioxidant response includes an HSF1 independent increase in the levels of HSPA1A and DNAJB1 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M M Hensen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hensen SMM, Heldens L, van Enckevort CMW, van Genesen ST, Pruijn GJM, Lubsen NH. Heat shock factor 1 is inactivated by amino acid deprivation. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:743-55. [PMID: 22797943 PMCID: PMC3468675 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells respond to a lack of amino acids by activating a transcriptional program with the transcription factor ATF4 as one of the main actors. When cells are faced with cytoplasmic proteotoxic stress, a quite different transcriptional response is mounted, the heat shock response, which is mediated by HSF1. Here, we show that amino acid deprivation results in the inactivation of HSF1. In amino acid deprived cells, active HSF1 loses its DNA binding activity as demonstrated by EMSA and ChIP. A sharp decrease in the transcript level of HSF1 target genes such as HSPA1A (Hsp70), DNAJB1 (Hsp40), and HSP90AA1 is also seen. HSPA1A mRNA, but not DNAJB1 mRNA, was also destabilized. In cells cultured with limiting leucine, HSF1 activity also declined. Lack of amino acids thus could lead to a lower chaperoning capacity and cellular frailty. We show that the nutrient sensing response unit of the ASNS gene contains an HSF1 binding site, but we could not detect binding of HSF1 to this site in vivo. Expression of either an HSF1 mutant lacking the activation domain (HSF379) or an HSF1 mutant unable to bind DNA (K80Q) had only a minor effect on the transcript levels of amino acid deprivation responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M. M. Hensen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Heldens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chrissy M. W. van Enckevort
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Siebe T. van Genesen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette H. Lubsen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Raijmakers R, van Beers JJBC, El-Azzouny M, Visser NFC, Božič B, Pruijn GJM, Heck AJR. Elevated levels of fibrinogen-derived endogenous citrullinated peptides in synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R114. [PMID: 22584083 PMCID: PMC3446491 DOI: 10.1186/ar3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the joints and the presence of autoantibodies directed against proteins containing the non-standard arginine-derived amino acid citrulline. The protein fibrinogen, which has an essential role in blood clotting, is one of the most prominent citrullinated autoantigens in RA, particularly because it can be found in the inflamed tissue of affected joints. Here, we set out to analyze the presence of citrullinated endogenous peptides in the synovial fluid of RA and arthritic control patients. Methods Endogenous peptides were isolated from the synovial fluid of RA patients and controls by filtration and solid phase extraction. The peptides were identified and quantified using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Our data reveal that the synovial fluid of RA patients contains soluble endogenous peptides, derived from fibrinogen, containing significant amounts of citrulline residues and, in some cases, also phosphorylated serine. Several citrullinated peptides are found to be more abundantly present in the synovial fluid of RA patients compared to patients suffering from other inflammatory diseases affecting the joints. Conclusions The increased presence of citrullinated peptides in RA patients points toward a possible specific role of these peptides in the immune response at the basis of the recognition of citrullinated peptides and proteins by RA patient autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinout Raijmakers
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
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van Geel R, Pruijn GJM, van Delft FL, Boelens WC. Preventing Thiol-Yne Addition Improves the Specificity of Strain-Promoted Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:392-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bc200365k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Remon van Geel
- Biomolecular
Chemistry and ‡Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Nijmegen Center for Molecular
Life Sciences, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University
Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Biomolecular
Chemistry and ‡Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Nijmegen Center for Molecular
Life Sciences, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University
Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris L. van Delft
- Biomolecular
Chemistry and ‡Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Nijmegen Center for Molecular
Life Sciences, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University
Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert C. Boelens
- Biomolecular
Chemistry and ‡Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Nijmegen Center for Molecular
Life Sciences, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Radboud University
Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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van Beers JJBC, Willemze A, Stammen-Vogelzangs J, Drijfhout JW, Toes REM, Pruijn GJM. Anti-citrullinated fibronectin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis are associated with human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 shared epitope alleles. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R35. [PMID: 22339947 PMCID: PMC3392834 DOI: 10.1186/ar3744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fibronectin is one of the most abundant proteins present in the inflamed joint. Here, we characterized the citrullination of fibronectin in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and studied the prevalence, epitope specificity and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association of autoantibodies against citrullinated fibronectin in RA. Methods Citrullinated residues in fibronectin isolated from RA patient synovial fluid were identified by mass spectrometry. The corresponding citrullinated and non-citrullinated peptides were synthesized and used to analyze the presence of autoantibodies to these peptides in RA sera and sera from other diseases and healthy controls by ELISA. The data were compared with risk factors like shared epitope HLA alleles and smoking, and with clinical features. Results Five citrullinated residues were identified in fibronectin from RA synovial fluid. RA sera reacted in a citrulline-dependent manner with two out of four citrullinated fibronectin peptides, one of which contains two adjacent citrulline residues, in contrast to non-RA sera, which were not reactive. The most frequently recognized peptide (FN-Cit1035,1036, LTVGLTXXGQPRQY, in which × represents citrulline) was primarily targeted by anti-CCP (cyclic citrullinated peptide) 2-positive RA patients. Anti-FN-Cit1035,1036 autoantibodies were detected in 50% of established anti-CCP2-positive RA patients and in 45% of such patients from a early arthritis clinic. These antibodies appeared to be predominantly of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype and to be associated with HLA shared epitope alleles (odds ratio = 2.11). Conclusions Fibronectin in the inflamed synovia of RA patients can be citrullinated at least at five positions. Together with the flanking amino acids, three of these citrullinated residues comprise two epitopes recognized by RA autoantibodies. Anti-citrullinated fibronectin peptide antibodies are associated with HLA shared epitope alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce J B C van Beers
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, P,O, Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Astuti D, Morris MR, Cooper WN, Staals RHJ, Wake NC, Fews GA, Gill H, Gentle D, Shuib S, Ricketts CJ, Cole T, van Essen AJ, van Lingen RA, Neri G, Opitz JM, Rump P, Stolte-Dijkstra I, Müller F, Pruijn GJM, Latif F, Maher ER. Germline mutations in DIS3L2 cause the Perlman syndrome of overgrowth and Wilms tumor susceptibility. Nat Genet 2012; 44:277-84. [PMID: 22306653 DOI: 10.1038/ng.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Perlman syndrome is a congenital overgrowth syndrome inherited in an autosomal recessive manner that is associated with Wilms tumor susceptibility. We mapped a previously unknown susceptibility locus to 2q37.1 and identified germline mutations in DIS3L2, a homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe dis3 gene, in individuals with Perlman syndrome. Yeast dis3 mutant strains have mitotic abnormalities. Yeast Dis3 and its human homologs, DIS3 and DIS3L1, have exoribonuclease activity and bind to the core RNA exosome complex. DIS3L2 has a different intracellular localization and lacks the PIN domain found in DIS3 and DIS3L1; nevertheless, we show that DIS3L2 has exonuclease activity. DIS3L2 inactivation was associated with mitotic abnormalities and altered expression of mitotic checkpoint proteins. DIS3L2 overexpression suppressed the growth of human cancer cell lines, and knockdown enhanced the growth of these cells. We also detected evidence of DIS3L2 mutations in sporadic Wilms tumor. These observations suggest that DIS3L2 has a critical role in RNA metabolism and is essential for the regulation of cell growth and division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Astuti
- Centre for Rare Diseases and Personalised Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
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