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Mazzotta V, Lepri AC, Matusali G, Cimini E, Piselli P, Aguglia C, Lanini S, Colavita F, Notari S, Oliva A, Meschi S, Casetti R, Mondillo V, Vergori A, Bettini A, Grassi G, Pinnetti C, Lapa D, Tartaglia E, Gallì P, Mondi A, Montagnari G, Gagliardini R, Nicastri E, Lichtner M, Sarmati L, Tamburrini E, Mastroianni C, Stingone C, Siddu A, Barca A, Fontana C, Agrati C, Girardi E, Vaia F, Maggi F, Antinori A. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara pre-exposure vaccination against mpox according to previous smallpox vaccine exposure and HIV infection: prospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 68:102420. [PMID: 38292040 PMCID: PMC10825638 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-exposure vaccination with MVA-BN has been widely used against mpox to contain the 2022 outbreak. Many countries have defined prioritized strategies, administering a single dose to those historically vaccinated for smallpox, to achieve quickly adequate coverage in front of low supplies. Using epidemiological models, real-life effectiveness was estimated at approximately 36%-86%, but no clinical trials were performed. Few data on MVA-BN immunogenicity are currently available, and there are no established correlates of protection. Immunological response in PLWH in the context of the 2022 outbreak was also poorly described. Methods Blood samples were collected from participants eligible for pre-exposure MVA-BN vaccination before (T1) receiving a full course of vaccine (single-dose for vaccine-experienced or smallpox-primed and two-dose for smallpox vaccine-naïve or smallpox non-primed) and one month after the last dose (T2 and T3, respectively). MPXV-specific IgGs were measured by in-house immunofluorescence assay, using 1:20 as screening dilution, MPXV-specific nAbs by 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50, starting dilution 1:10), and IFN-γ-producing specific T cells to MVA-BN vaccine, by ELISpot assay. Paired or unpaired t-test and Wilcoxon or Mann-Whitney test were used to analyse IgG and nAbs, and T-cell response, as appropriate. The probability of IgG and nAb response in vaccine-experienced vs. vaccine-naïve was estimated in participants not reactive at T1. The McNemar test was used to evaluate vaccination's effect on humoral response both overall and by smallpox vaccination history. In participants who were not reactive at T1, the proportion of becoming responders one month after full-cycle completion by exposure groups was compared by logistic regression and then analysed by HIV status strata (interaction test). The response was also examined in continuous, and the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) of the difference from baseline to schedule completion according to previous smallpox vaccination was estimated after weighting for HIV using a linear regression model. Self-reports of adverse effects following immunization (AEFIs) were prospectively collected after the first MVA-BN dose (T1). Systemic (S-AEFIs: fatigue, myalgia, headache, GI effects, chills) and local (L-AEFIs: redness, swelling, pain) AEFIs were graded as absent (grade 0), mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3). The maximum level of severity for S-AEFIs and L-AEFIs ever experienced over the 30 days post-dose by vaccination exposure groups were analysed using a univariable multinomial logistic regression model and after adjusting for HIV status; for each of the symptoms, we also compared the mean duration by exposure group using an unpaired t-test. Findings Among the 164 participants included, 90 (54.8%) were smallpox vaccine-experienced. Median age was 49 years (IQR 41-55). Among the 76 (46%) PLWH, 76% had a CD4 count >500 cells/μL. There was evidence that both the IgG and nAbs titers increased after administration of the MVA-BN vaccine. However, there was no evidence for a difference in the potential mean change in humoral response from baseline to the completion of a full cycle when comparing primed vs. non-primed participants. Similarly, there was no evidence for a difference in the seroconversion rate after full cycle vaccination in the subset of participants not reactive for nAbs at T1 (p = 1.00 by Fisher's exact test). In this same analysis and for the nAbs outcome, there was some evidence of negative effect modification by HIV (interaction p-value = 0.17) as primed people living with HIV (PLWH) showed a lower probability of seroconversion vs. non-primed, and the opposite was seen in PLWoH. When evaluating the response in continuous, we observed an increase in T-cell response after MVA-BN vaccination in both primed and non-primed. There was evidence for a larger increase when using the 2-dose vs. one-dose strategy with a mean difference of -2.01 log2 (p ≤ 0.0001), after controlling for HIV. No evidence for a difference in the risk of developing any AEFIs of any grade were observed by exposure group, except for the lower risk of grade 2 (moderate) fatigue, induration and local pain which was lower in primed vs. non-primed [OR 0.26 (0.08-0.92), p = 0.037; OR 0.30 (0.10-0.88), p = 0.029 and OR 0.19 (0.05-0.73), p = 0.015, respectively]. No evidence for a difference in symptom duration was also detected between the groups. Interpretation The evaluation of the humoral and cellular response one month after the completion of the vaccination cycle suggested that MVA-BN is immunogenic and that the administration of a two-dose schedule is preferable regardless of the previous smallpox vaccination history, especially in PLWH, to maximize nAbs response. MVA-BN was safe as well tolerated, with grade 2 reactogenicity higher after the first administration in vaccine-naïve than in vaccine-experienced individuals, but with no evidence for a difference in the duration of these adverse effects. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term duration of immunity and to establish specific correlates of protection. Funding The study was supported by the National Institute for Infectious Disease Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS "Advanced grant 5 × 1000, 2021" and by the Italian Ministry of Health "Ricerca Corrente Linea 2".
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mazzotta
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- PhD Course in Microbiology, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, and Transplants (MIMIT), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cozzi Lepri
- Centre for Clinical Research, Epidemiology, Modelling and Evaluation (CREME), Institute for Global Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluca Piselli
- Clinical Epidemiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Aguglia
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Lanini
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colavita
- PhD Course in Microbiology, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, and Transplants (MIMIT), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vanessa Mondillo
- Health Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vergori
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- PhD Course in Microbiology, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, and Transplants (MIMIT), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Bettini
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Pinnetti
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lapa
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Gallì
- Health Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mondi
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Montagnari
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gagliardini
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Lichtner
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital of Latina, NESMOS Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Sarmati
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Tamburrini
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Mastroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Christof Stingone
- STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Siddu
- General Directorate of Prevention, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Barca
- Unit of Health Promotion and Prevention, Directorate of Health and Integration, Lazio Region, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Fontana
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biological Bank Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Department of Onco-Haematology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vaia
- General Directorate of Prevention, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Grassi G, Notari S, Cicalini S, Casetti R, Cimini E, Bordoni V, Gagliardini R, Mazzotta V, Antinori A, Agrati C, Sacchi A. Brief Report: In cART-Treated HIV-Infected Patients, Immunologic Failure Is Associated With a High Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Frequency. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2024; 95:185-189. [PMID: 38211959 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During HIV infection, effective combined antiretroviral therapy suppresses viral replication and restores the number of circulating CD4+ T cells. However, 15%-30% of treated patients show a discordant response to combined antiretroviral therapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are expanded in HIV+ patients; to better understand the role of MDSC on CD4 T-cell recovery, we evaluated the frequency of MDSC in HIV+ patients under combined antiretroviral therapy and its association with immunologic response. METHODS We enrolled 60 HIV+ patients, including complete responders (R, n = 44), virologic nonresponders (VNR, n = 5), and immunologic nonresponders (INR, n = 11). The frequency of circulating MDSC and the percentage of activated and naïve CD4 T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Plasmatic cytokine levels were analyzed by automated ELISA. RESULTS As previously observed, polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC) frequency was higher in HIV+ patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, PMN-MDSC percentage was higher in INR than R patients, and a significant association between MDSC frequency and immunologic failure was confirmed by a receiver operator characteristic analysis. Accordingly, an inverse correlation was found between the percentages of PMN-MDSC and naïve CD4 T cells. A positive correlation was observed between PMN-MDSC frequency and the percentage of human leucocyte antigen locus DR + CD4 T cells and the plasmatic level of IL-1β and IL-8. CONCLUSION Our results show that a high frequency of PMN-MDSC persists in INR, possibly because of immune activation, contributing to CD4 T-cell recovery failure. These findings further highlight the detrimental role of MDSC during HIV infection, suggesting these cells as a possible new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Cicalini
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Oncoematologia e Officina Farmaceutica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy; and
| | - Roberta Gagliardini
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Mazzotta
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Oncoematologia e Officina Farmaceutica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy; and
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Molecular Virology and Antimicrobial Immunity Laboratory, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
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Biava M, Notari S, Grassi G, Bordi L, Tartaglia E, Agrati C, Cimini E, Sberna G, Nicastri E, Antinori A, Girardi E, Vaia F, Maggi F, Lalle E. In Vitro and In Vivo Crosstalk between Type I IFN and IL-8 Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2787. [PMID: 38004798 PMCID: PMC10672883 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 patients show characteristic over-expression of different cytokines that may interfere with the interferon (IFN) response, delaying its production. Within the overexpressed cytokines, IL-8 plays a key role, and it may impede IFN-I activation. PBMC from eight healthy donors were exposed to 2019-nCoV/Italy-INMI1 isolate and supernatants/cells were collected at different time points; the production of either IFN-alpha or IL-8 was assessed. The same analysis was performed on plasma samples obtained from 87 COVID-19 patients. Antagonism between IFN-alpha and IL-8 was observed, since in those PBMC with medium or high IL-8 levels, IFN-α levels were low. The same scenario was observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients that were divided into three groups based on IL-8 low, medium and high levels; the correlation between low levels of IFN-α and high levels of IL-8 was statistically significant in both the IL-8 medium and IL-8 high group. Overall, our results showed a crosstalk/antagonism between IL-8 and IFN-alpha in PBMC from healthy donors challenged with SARS-CoV-2 and inversely proportional IFN-alpha levels to IL-8 concentrations detected in plasma samples from COVID-19 patients, suggesting that the impairment of the innate immune response in COVID-19 patients may be linked to a dysregulated cytokine response, namely through IL-8 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Biava
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy (G.S.)
| | - Stefania Notari
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Licia Bordi
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy (G.S.)
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Unit of Pathogen Specific Immunity, Ospedale Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sberna
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy (G.S.)
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vaia
- General and Health Management Direction, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy (G.S.)
| | - Eleonora Lalle
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy (G.S.)
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4
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Minosse C, Matusali G, Meschi S, Grassi G, Francalancia M, D’Offizi G, Spezia PG, Garbuglia AR, Montalbano M, Focosi D, Girardi E, Vaia F, Ettorre GM, Maggi F. Torquetenovirus Loads in Peripheral Blood Predict Both the Humoral and Cell-Mediated Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Elicited by the mRNA Vaccine in Liver Transplant Recipients. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1656. [PMID: 38005988 PMCID: PMC10674741 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Three years into the COVID-19 pandemic, mass vaccination campaigns have largely controlled the disease burden but have not prevented virus circulation. Unfortunately, many immunocompromised patients have failed to mount protective immune responses after repeated vaccinations, and liver transplant recipients are no exception. Across different solid organ transplant populations, the plasma levels of Torquetenovirus (TTV), an orphan and ubiquitous human virus under control of the immune system, have been shown to predict the antibody response after COVID-19 vaccinations. We show here a single-institution experience with TTV viremia in 134 liver transplant recipients at their first or third dose. We found that TTV viremia before the first and third vaccine doses predicts serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels measured 2-4 weeks after the second or third dose. Pre-vaccine TTV loads were also associated with peripheral blood anti-SARS-CoV-2 cell-mediated immunity but not with serum SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Minosse
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Francalancia
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Gianpiero D’Offizi
- Department of Liver Transplantation POIT, Clinical and Research Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.); (G.M.E.)
| | - Pietro Giorgio Spezia
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Anna Rosa Garbuglia
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Marzia Montalbano
- Department of Liver Transplantation POIT, Clinical and Research Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.); (G.M.E.)
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Vaia
- General Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Maria Ettorre
- Department of Liver Transplantation POIT, Clinical and Research Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.); (G.M.E.)
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.); (M.F.); (P.G.S.); (A.R.G.); (F.M.)
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Montalbano M, Piccolo P, Lionetti R, Visco-Comandini U, Agrati C, Grassi G, Meschi S, Matusali G, Conte F, Angelone F, Ettorre GM, Guglielmo N, Maggi F, Francalancia M, Mereu T, Puro V, Girardi E, D'Offizi G. Third dose of SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccination produces robust persistent cellular and humoral immune responses in liver transplant recipients. Liver Int 2023; 43:1120-1125. [PMID: 36929682 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Weaker responses have been described after two doses of anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccination in liver transplant recipients. At the Italian National Institute for Infectious Diseases, 122 liver transplant recipients (84% males, median age 64 years) were tested for humoral and cell-mediated immune response after a third doses of anti-SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccines. Humoral response was measured by quantifying anti-receptor binding domain and neutralizing antibodies; cell-mediated response was measured by quantifying IFN-γ after stimulation of T cells with SARS-CoV-2-specific peptides. Humoral and cellular responses improved significantly compared to the second vaccine dose; 86.4% of previous non-responders to the first 2 vaccine doses (N=22) became responders. Mycophenolate mofetil-containing regimens were not associated with lower response rates to a third vaccine; shorter time since transplantation (<6 years) was associated with lower humoral and cellular responses to third vaccine. Protective antibodies against Omicron variant were detected in 60% of patients 12 weeks after third vaccine dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Montalbano
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Piccolo
- Internal Medicine, Fatebenefratelli Hospital Isola Tiberina Gemelli Isola, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lionetti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Conte
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Angelone
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Ettorre
- Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, San Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Guglielmo
- Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, San Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Mereu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianpiero D'Offizi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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6
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Agrati C, Cossarizza A, Mazzotta V, Grassi G, Casetti R, De Biasi S, Pinnetti C, Gili S, Mondi A, Cristofanelli F, Lo Tartaro D, Notari S, Maffongelli G, Gagliardini R, Gibellini L, Aguglia C, Lanini S, D'Abramo A, Matusali G, Fontana C, Nicastri E, Maggi F, Girardi E, Vaia F, Antinori A. Immunological signature in human cases of monkeypox infection in 2022 outbreak: an observational study. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:320-330. [PMID: 36356606 PMCID: PMC9761565 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unprecedented global monkeypox outbreak started in May, 2022. No data are yet available about the dynamics of the immune response against monkeypox virus. The aim of this study was to describe kinetics of T-cell response, inflammatory profile, and pox-specific T-cell induction in patients with laboratory-confirmed monkeypox. METHODS 17 patients with laboratory-confirmed monkeypox admitted at the Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases (Rome, Italy), from May 19, to July 7, 2022, were tested for differentiation and activation profile of CD4 and CD8 T (expression of CD38, PD-1, and CD57 assessed by flow cytometry), frequency of pox-specific T cells (by standard interferon-γ ELISpot), and release of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in plasma (by ELISA). All patients were tested 10-12 days after symptoms onset. In a subgroup of nine patients with a laboratory-confirmed monkeypox, the kinetics of the immune response were analysed longitudinally according to timing from symptoms onset and compared with ten healthy donors (ie, health-care workers recruited from the same institution). FINDINGS Among the 17 patients, ten were HIV negative and seven HIV positive, all with good viro-immunological status. On days 0-3 from symptom onset, patients with laboratory-confirmed monkeypox were characterised by a statistically significant reduction in CD4+ T cells (p=0·0011) and a concurrent increase of CD8+ T cells (p=0·0057) compared with healthy donors. A lower proportion of naive (CD45RA+CD27+) CD4+ T cells was observed in six (67%) of nine patients and a concomitant higher proportion of effector memory (CD45RA-CD27-) CD4+ T cells in all patients; this skewed immune profile tended to normalise over time. A similar differentiated profile was also observed in CD8+ T cells with a consistent expansion of terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells. Patients with monkeypox had a higher proportion of CD4+CD38+ and CD38+CD8+ T-cells than healthy donors, which normalised after 12-20 days from symptom onset. The expression of PD-1 and CD57 on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells showed kinetics similar to that observed for CD38. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF) were higher in patients with monkeypox than in healthy donors and, although they decreased over time, they remained elevated after recovery. Almost all patients (15 [94%] of 16) developed a pox-specific Th1 response. No differences in immune cells profile were observed between patients with and without HIV, whereas paucysimptomatic patients (without systemic symptoms, with less than five skin lesions, and no other mucosal localisation of monkeypox) showed a less perturbed immune profile early after symptom onset. INTERPRETATION Our data showed the immunological signature of monkeypox virus infection, characterised by an early expansion of activated effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that persisted over time. Almost all patients, even regardless of HIV infection, developed a poxvirus-specific Th1 cell response. These results might have implications on the expected immunogenicity of monkeypox vaccination, suggesting that it might not be necessary to vaccinate people who have already been infected. FUNDING Italian Ministry of Health. TRANSLATION For the Italian translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Mazzotta
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carmela Pinnetti
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Gili
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mondi
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Flavia Cristofanelli
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Domenico Lo Tartaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maffongelli
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Gagliardini
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Camilla Aguglia
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Simone Lanini
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Abramo
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Carla Fontana
- Laboratoy of Microbiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Vaia
- General Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Farroni C, Aiello A, Picchianti-Diamanti A, Laganà B, Petruccioli E, Agrati C, Garbuglia AR, Meschi S, Lapa D, Cuzzi G, Petrone L, Vanini V, Salmi A, Altera AMG, Repele F, Grassi G, Bettini A, Vita S, Mariano A, Damiani A, Infantino M, Grossi V, Manfredi M, Niccoli L, Puro V, Rosa RD, Salemi S, Sesti G, Scolieri P, Bruzzese V, Benucci M, Cantini F, Nicastri E, Goletti D. Booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines strengthens the specific immune response of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A prospective multicenter longitudinal study. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 125:195-208. [PMID: 36328289 PMCID: PMC9622025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the kinetics of humoral and T-cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-patients followed up to 4-6 weeks (T3) after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose. METHODS Health care workers (HCWs, n=38) and RA-patients (n=52) having completed the mRNA vaccination schedule were enrolled at T3. In each cohort, 25 subjects were also sampled after 5 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2) from the first vaccine dose. The humoral response was assessed by measuring anti-Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) and neutralizing antibodies, the T-cell response by interferon-(IFN)-γ-release assay (IGRA), T-cell cytokine production and B-cell phenotype at T3 by flow cytometry. RESULTS RA-patients showed a significant reduction of antibody titers from T1 to T2 and a significant increase at T3. T-cell response by IGRA persisted over time in RA-patients, while increased in HCWs. Most RA-patients scored positive for anti-RBD, neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses, although the magnitude was lower than HCWs. The spike-specific-cytokine response was mainly CD4+ T cells-restricted in both cohorts, and significantly lower with reduced IL-2 response and CD4-antigen-responding naïve T cells in RA-patients. Unswitched memory B-cells were reduced in RA-patients compared with HCWs independently of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 vaccine booster strengthens the humoral immunity in RA-patients even with a reduced cytokine-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Farroni
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aiello
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Laganà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Petruccioli
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rosa Garbuglia
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lapa
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Cuzzi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Petrone
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanini
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy,Unità Operativa Semplice (UOS) Professioni Sanitarie Tecniche, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gerarda Altera
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Repele
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Bettini
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Vita
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Mariano
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Damiani
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Infantino
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariangela Manfredi
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Niccoli
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital of Prato, Prato Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- UOC Emerging Infections and Centro di Riferimento AIDS (CRAIDS), National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Rosa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Salemi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Scolieri
- UOC di Medicina e Rete Reumatologica, Ospedale Nuovo Regina Margherita, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bruzzese
- UOC di Medicina e Rete Reumatologica, Ospedale Nuovo Regina Margherita, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Benucci
- Rheumatology Unit, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy,Corresponding author: Translational Research Unit of the Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Padiglione del Vecchio, Room 39, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy. Tel.: +39 06 55170 906; fax: +39 06 5582 825
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8
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Agrati C, Castilletti C, Battella S, Cimini E, Matusali G, Sommella A, Sacchi A, Colavita F, Contino AM, Bordoni V, Meschi S, Gramigna G, Barra F, Grassi G, Bordi L, Lapa D, Notari S, Casetti R, Bettini A, Francalancia M, Ciufoli F, Vergori A, Vita S, Gentile M, Raggioli A, Plazzi MM, Bacchieri A, Nicastri E, Antinori A, Milleri S, Lanini S, Colloca S, Girardi E, Camerini R, Ippolito G, Vaia F, Folgori A, Capone S. Safety and immune response kinetics of GRAd-COV2 vaccine: phase 1 clinical trial results. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:111. [PMID: 36153335 PMCID: PMC9509317 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the successful deployment of efficacious vaccines and therapeutics, the development of novel vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 remains a major goal to increase vaccine doses availability and accessibility for lower income setting. We report here on the kinetics of Spike-specific humoral and T-cell response in young and old volunteers over 6 months follow-up after a single intramuscular administration of GRAd-COV2, a gorilla adenoviral vector-based vaccine candidate currently in phase-2 of clinical development. At all three tested vaccine dosages, Spike binding and neutralizing antibodies were induced and substantially maintained up to 3 months, to then contract at 6 months. Potent T-cell responses were readily induced and sustained throughout the study period, with only minor decline. No major differences in immune response to GRAd-COV2 vaccination were observed in the two age cohorts. In light of its favorable safety and immunogenicity, GRAd-COV2 is a valuable candidate for further clinical development and potential addition to the COVID-19 vaccine toolbox to help fighting SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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9
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Grassi G, Simonetti A, Gambacorta E, Perna A. Decrease of activity of antioxidant enzymes, lysozyme content, and protein degradation in milk contaminated with heavy metals (cadmium and lead). JDS Commun 2022; 3:312-316. [PMID: 36340905 PMCID: PMC9623711 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2022-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of added Cd and Pb to milk on its stability by determining antioxidant enzymatic activities, lysozyme content, and protein degradation. Antioxidant enzymatic activities were spectrophotometrically determined by superoxide dismutase, catalase, xanthine oxidase, and glutathione peroxidase assays; lysozyme was identified and quantified by HPLC-UV analysis, and protein degradation was investigated by spectrophotometric analysis of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and dityrosine content. In this study, contaminated milk samples showed a significant reduction in activity of all studied enzymes compared with control milk. The contamination of milk also led to a significant reduction in the lysozyme content; lysozyme content was decreased about 22% and 18% in Pb milk and Cd milk, respectively, compared with control milk. The presence of the contaminants in the milk resulted in a significant increase of both dityrosine concentration and AOPP compared with the control milk. Moreover, between types of contaminated milk, dityrosine and AOPP values were significantly higher in the Pb milk than in the Cd milk. Therefore, it is important to monitor the presence of these toxic elements in milk for the damage they cause to consumer health both directly due to their ingestion and indirectly due to loss of milk stability.
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10
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Perna A, Gambacorta E, Simonetti A, Grassi G, Scopa A. Effect of Ozone Treatment Exposure Time on Oxidative Stability of Cream Milk. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Perna
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10‐85100 Potenza Italy
| | - E. Gambacorta
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10‐85100 Potenza Italy
| | - A. Simonetti
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10‐85100 Potenza Italy
| | - G. Grassi
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10‐85100 Potenza Italy
| | - A. Scopa
- School of Agricultural Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10‐85100 Potenza Italy
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Vio R, China P, Marras E, Cutolo A, Valle R, Grassi G, Sacca’ S, Chinellato A, Themistoclakis S. Safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation on concomitant treatment with dronedarone. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with bleedings. Interactions with dronedarone may increase this risk, but data on concomitant treatment of DOACs with dronedarone are limited.
Purpose
The primary endpoint was to compare the survival free from the composite endpoint of clinically relevant bleeding, thromboembolic event and all-cause death, between AF patients on treatment with dronedarone and different DOACs. The secondary endpoints were to compare the survival free from i) clinically relevant bleeding and ii) clinically relevant major bleeding.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at our Local Health Unit, from January 1st 2016 to December 31st 2020. The population included AF patients with concomitant prescriptions of DOACs and dronedarone. Patients were divided into 4 groups (rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, dabigatran). Clinically relevant major bleedings were defined as fatal bleeding or bleeding leading to transfusion of ≥2 units of blood. Clinically relevant non-major bleedings were defined as any sign of hemorrhage that does not fit the criteria for major bleeding but does lead to hospitalization or emergency room admission. Thromboembolic events were defined as ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and systemic embolism.
Results
165 patients were included: 46/165 (28%) on rivaroxaban, 66/165 (40%) on apixaban, 45/165 (27%) on edoxaban, and 8/165 (5%) on dabigatran (Fig.1). Over a median follow-up of 339 days, 14/165 (8%) met the primary composite endpoint: 8/165 (5%) had clinically relevant bleedings, of which 1/165 (0.6%) was a clinically relevant major bleeding (i.e., fatal spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage), 2/165 (1%) had TIAs, and 5/165 (3%) died. We found no difference in survival free from the primary composite endpoint and from clinically relevant bleeding between groups (p=0.19 and p=0.69, respectively) (Fig. 2A-B). However, survival free from clinically relevant major bleeding was significantly lower in dabigatran users (p=0.003) (Fig. 2C). At a secondary analysis, DOACs contraindicated by 2015 EHRA guide (dabigatran, edoxaban 60 mg), and not by 2018/2021 EHRA guides (rivaroxaban, dabigatran, edoxaban 60 mg), were associated with lower survival from either clinically relevant bleeding or clinically relevant major bleeding (p=0.03 and p<0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
In our study on patients on concomitant treatment with DOACs and dronedarone, there was no difference in survival free from the primary composite endpoint and from clinically relevant bleeding between groups of coadministration. However, survival free from clinically relevant major bleeding was significantly lower in dabigatran users. DOACs contraindicated by 2015 EHRA guide (and not by the latest 2018/2021 EHRA guides) are associated with lower survival from either clinically relevant bleeding or clinically relevant major bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vio
- Hospital dell’Angelo, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - P China
- Hospital dell’Angelo, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - E Marras
- Hospital dell’Angelo, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - A Cutolo
- Hospital dell’Angelo, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - R Valle
- Madonna della Navicella Civil Hospital, Chioggia, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Hospital S.Giovanni e Paolo, Venezia, Italy
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Vio R, China P, Marras E, Cutolo A, Valle R, Grassi G, Saccà S, Chinellato A, Themistoclakis S. C51 SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ON CONCOMITANT TREATMENT WITH DRONEDARONE. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac011.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with bleedings. Interactions with dronedarone may increase this risk, but data on concomitant treatment of DOACs with dronedarone are limited.
Aim
The primary endpoint was to compare the survival free from the composite endpoint of clinically relevant bleeding, thromboembolic event and death, between AF patients on treatment with dronedarone and different DOACs. The secondary endpoints were to compare the survival free from i) clinically relevant bleeding and ii) clinically relevant major bleeding.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at the Local Health Unit “Ulss3 Serenissima” of Venice, Italy, from January 1st 2016 to December 31st 2020. The eligible population included AF patients with concomitant prescriptions of DOACs and dronedarone. Patients were divided in 4 groups (rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, dabigatran).
Results
165 patients were included: 46/165 (28%) on rivaroxaban, 66/165 (40%) on apixaban, 45/165 (27%) on edoxaban, and 8/165 (5%) on dabigatran (Fig.1). Over a median follow–up of 339 days, 14/165 (8%) met the primary composite endpoint: 8/165 (5%) had clinically relevant bleedings, of which 1/165 (0.6%) was a clinically relevant major bleeding, 2/165 (1%) had TIAs, and 5/165 (3%) died. We found no difference in survival free from the primary composite endpoint and from clinically relevant bleeding between groups (log–rank test p = 0.19 and p = 0.69, respectively) (Fig. 2A–B). However, survival free from clinically relevant major bleeding was significantly lower in dabigatran users (p = 0.003) (Fig. 2C). At a secondary analysis, DOACs contraindicated by 2015 EHRA guide (dabigatran, edoxaban 60 mg), and not by 2018/2021 EHRA guides (rivaroxaban, dabigatran, edoxaban 60 mg), were associated with lower survival from either clinically relevant bleeding or clinically relevant major bleeding (log–rank test p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively) (Fig. 3).
Conclusions
In our study, there was no difference in survival free from the primary composite endpoint and from clinically relevant bleeding between groups of coadministration. However, survival free from clinically relevant major bleeding was significantly lower in dabigatran users. DOACs contraindicated by 2015 EHRA guide (and not by the latest 2018/2021 EHRA guides) are associated with lower survival from either clinically relevant bleeding or clinically relevant major bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vio
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - P China
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - E Marras
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - A Cutolo
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - R Valle
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - G Grassi
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - S Saccà
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - A Chinellato
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
| | - S Themistoclakis
- OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; UNITÀ OPERATIVA COMPLESSA DI CARDIOLOGIA, MESTRE; OSPEDALE MADONNA DELLA NAVICELLA; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, CHIOGGIA; OSPEDALE CIVILE; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, VENEZIA; OSPEDALE DI MIRANO; UNITÀ DI CARDIOLOGIA, MIRANO; OSPEDALE DELL‘ANGELO; FARMACIA OSPEDALIERA, MESTRE
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13
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Grassi G, Notari S, Gili S, Bordoni V, Casetti R, Cimini E, Tartaglia E, Mariotti D, Agrati C, Sacchi A. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in COVID-19: The Paradox of Good. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842949. [PMID: 35572540 PMCID: PMC9092297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Viral replication in the respiratory tract induces the death of infected cells and the release of pathogen- associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs give rise to local inflammation, increasing the secretion of pro- inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which attract immune cells from the blood into the infected lung. In most individuals, lung-recruited cells clear the infection, and the immune response retreats. However, in some cases, a dysfunctional immune response occurs, which triggers a cytokine storm in the lung, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe COVID-19 is characterized by an impaired innate and adaptive immune response and by a massive expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs function as protective regulators of the immune response, protecting the host from over-immunoreactivity and hyper-inflammation. However, under certain conditions, such as chronic inflammation and cancer, MDSCs could exert a detrimental role. Accordingly, the early expansion of MDSCs in COVID-19 is able to predict the fatal outcome of the infection. Here, we review recent data on MDSCs during COVID-19, discussing how they can influence the course of the disease and whether they could be considered as biomarker and possible targets for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Gili
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Mariotti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
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14
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Pinnetti C, Cimini E, Vergori A, Mazzotta V, Grassi G, Mondi A, Forbici F, Amendola A, Grisetti S, Baldini F, Candela C, Casetti R, Campioni P, Capobianchi MR, Agrati C, Antinori A. Use of Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in People Living with HIV. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050970. [PMID: 35632711 PMCID: PMC9146231 DOI: 10.3390/v14050970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease occurring in advanced HIV infection, caused by the reactivation of poliomavirus JC (JCV). The use of pembrolizumab for treatment is based on the inhibition of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), potentially improving the anti JCV-specific response. We used pembrolizumab with combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) on a compassionate-use basis. At each administration, clinical evaluation, MRI and laboratory testing, including CD3, CD4, CD8, PD-1 markers, HIV-RNA and JCV-DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma pairs, were performed. The JCV-specific T cell response was analysed by Elispot assay. This study included five HIV patients: four male, median age 43 years (29–52), median CD4 and CD8 count 150 (15–158) and 973 (354–1250) cell/mm3, respectively; median JCV-DNA and HIV-RNA in CSF/plasma pairs 9.540/1.503 cps/mL and 2.230/619 cp/mL, respectively. Overall, patients received between two and seven doses of pembrolizumab. After treatment, we observed JCV-DNA reduction and PD-1 down-regulation both in CSF and in plasma (high in circulating CD4 and CD8 at baseline), which remained stable at low levels in all patients. Three out of five patients showed stability of clinical picture and neuroimaging, while two others died. More data are needed in order to identify predictors of response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Pinnetti
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (A.V.); Tel.: +39-0655170482 (C.P. & A.V.); Fax: +39-0655170477 (C.P. & A.V.)
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Alessandra Vergori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (A.V.); Tel.: +39-0655170482 (C.P. & A.V.); Fax: +39-0655170477 (C.P. & A.V.)
| | - Valentina Mazzotta
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Annalisa Mondi
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Federica Forbici
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Alessandra Amendola
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Susanna Grisetti
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Francesco Baldini
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Caterina Candela
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Rita Casetti
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Paolo Campioni
- Radiology Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Andrea Antinori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy; (V.M.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
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15
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Gottardelli B, Masciocchi C, Martino A, Boldrini L, Mazzarella C, Grassi G, Massaccesi M, Valentini V, Damiani A. PO-1768 Regularized distributed Cox regression: a model for federated feature selection in survival analysis. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Van Ameringen M, Patterson B, Turna J, Lethbridge G, Goldman Bergmann C, Lamberti N, Rahat M, Sideris B, Francisco A, Fineberg N, Pallanti S, Grassi G, Vismara M, Albert U, Gedanke Shavitt R, Hollander E, Feusner J, Rodriguez C, Morgado P, Dell’Osso B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 149:114-123. [PMID: 35272208 PMCID: PMC8872360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Van Ameringen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada,MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada,Corresponding author. Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University. MacAnxiety Research Centre, 1057 Main St. W, #L02, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1B7, Canada
| | - B. Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada,MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | - J. Turna
- MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | - G. Lethbridge
- MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | - C. Goldman Bergmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada,MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | - N. Lamberti
- MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | - M. Rahat
- MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | - B. Sideris
- MacAnxiety Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada
| | | | - N. Fineberg
- National Obsessive Compulsive Disorders Treatment Service, Hertfordshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, University of Hertfordshire, Postgraduate Medical School, UK
| | - S. Pallanti
- Institute of Neuroscience, Università di Firenze, Italy
| | | | - M. Vismara
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, Italy
| | - U. Albert
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Italy
| | - R. Gedanke Shavitt
- OCD Spectrum Disorders Program, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E. Hollander
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, USA
| | - J. Feusner
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto, Canada
| | - C.I. Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Stanford University, USA
| | - P. Morgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - B. Dell’Osso
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, Italy,“Aldo Ravelli” Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Italy
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17
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Farroni C, Picchianti-Diamanti A, Aiello A, Nicastri E, Laganà B, Agrati C, Castilletti C, Meschi S, Colavita F, Cuzzi G, Casetti R, Grassi G, Petrone L, Vanini V, Salmi A, Repele F, Altera AMG, Maffongelli G, Corpolongo A, Salemi S, Di Rosa R, Nalli G, Sesti G, Vaia F, Puro V, Goletti D. Kinetics of the B- and T-Cell Immune Responses After 6 Months From SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:846753. [PMID: 35309297 PMCID: PMC8924958 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo assess the kinetics of the humoral and cell-mediated responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with different immunosuppressive therapies.MethodsFollowing vaccine completed schedule, health care workers (HCWs, n = 49) and RA patients (n = 35) were enrolled at 5 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T6) after the first dose of BNT162b2-mRNA vaccination. Serological response was assessed by quantifying anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, while cell-mediated response was assessed by a whole-blood test quantifying the interferon (IFN)-γ response to spike peptides. B-cell phenotype and IFN-γ-specific T-cell responses were evaluated by flow cytometry.ResultsAfter 6 months, anti-RBD antibodies were still detectable in 91.4% of RA patients, although we observed a significant reduction of the titer in patients under Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4)-Ig [median: 16.4 binding antibody units (BAU)/ml, interquartile range (IQR): 11.3–44.3, p < 0.0001] or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors (median: 26.5 BAU/ml, IQR: 14.9–108.8, p = 0.0034) compared to controls (median: 152.7 BAU/ml, IQR: 89.3–260.3). All peripheral memory B-cell (MBC) subpopulations, in particular, the switched IgG+ MBCs (CD19+CD27+IgD-IgM-IgG+), were significantly reduced in RA subjects under CTLA-4-Ig compared to those in HCWs (p = 0.0012). In RA patients, a significantly reduced anti-RBD IgG titer was observed at T6 vs. T1, mainly in those treated with CTLA-4-Ig (p = 0.002), interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors (p = 0.015), and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) ± corticosteroids (CCSs) (p = 0.015). In contrast, a weak nonsignificant reduction of the T-cell response was reported at T6 vs. T1. T-cell response was found in 65.7% of the RA patients at T6, with lower significant magnitude in patients under CTLA-4-Ig compared to HCWs (p < 0.0001). The SARS-CoV-2 IFN-γ-S-specific T-cell response was mainly detected in the CD4+ T-cell compartment.ConclusionsIn this study, in RA patients after 6 months from COVID-19 vaccination, we show the kinetics, waning, and impairment of the humoral and, to a less extent, of the T-cell response. Similarly, a reduction of the specific response was also observed in the controls. Therefore, based on these results, a booster dose of the vaccine is crucial to increase the specific immune response regardless of the immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Farroni
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aiello
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Laganà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colavita
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Cuzzi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Petrone
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanini
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Unità Operativa Semplice (UOS) Professioni Sanitarie Tecniche, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Repele
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gerarda Altera
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maffongelli
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Corpolongo
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Salemi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Rosa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Nalli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vaia
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Direzione Sanitaria, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Emerging Infections and Centro di Riferimento AIDS (CRAIDS), National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Delia Goletti,
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18
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Cimini E, Grassi G, Beccacece A, Casetti R, Castilletti C, Capobianchi MR, Nicastri E, Agrati C. In Acute Dengue Infection, High TIM-3 Expression May Contribute to the Impairment of IFNγ Production by Circulating Vδ2 T Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010130. [PMID: 35062334 PMCID: PMC8781730 DOI: 10.3390/v14010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are innate cells able to quickly eliminate pathogens or infected/tumoral cells by their antiviral and adjuvancy activities. The role of γδ T cells during Dengue Viral Infection (DENV) infection is not fully elucidated. Nevertheless, human primary γδ T cells have been shown to kill in vitro DENV-infected cells, thus highlighting their possible antiviral function. The aim of this work was to characterize the phenotype and function of Vδ2 T cells in DENV patients. Fifteen DENV patients were enrolled for this study and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were used to analyze Vδ2-T-cell frequency, differentiation profile, activation/exhaustion status, and functionality by multiparametric flow cytometry. Our data demonstrated that DENV infection was able to significantly reduce Vδ2-T-cell frequency and to increase their activation (CD38 and HLA-DR) and exhaustion markers (PD-1 and TIM-3). Furthermore, Vδ2 T cells showed a reduced capability to produce IFN-γ after phosphoantigenic stimulation that can be associated to TIM-3 expression. Several studies are needed to depict the possible clinical impact of γδ-T-cell impairment on disease severity and to define the antiviral and immunoregulatory activities of γδ T cells in the first phases of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Alessia Beccacece
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (E.N.)
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy;
- Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro, 8, 00131 Roma, Italy
- Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni 5, 37024 Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (E.N.)
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-5517-0907
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19
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D’Offizi G, Agrati C, Visco‐Comandini U, Castilletti C, Puro V, Piccolo P, Montalbano M, Meschi S, Tartaglia E, Sorace C, Leone S, Lapa D, Grassi G, Goletti D, Ippolito G, Vaia F, Ettorre GM, Lionetti R. Coordinated cellular and humoral immune responses after two-dose SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccination in liver transplant recipients. Liver Int 2022; 42:180-186. [PMID: 34719107 PMCID: PMC8662049 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Limited data are available on risks and benefits of anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients, and weaker responses have been described. At the Italian National Institute for Infectious Diseases, 61 liver transplant recipients underwent testing to describe the dynamics of humoral and cell-mediated immune response after two doses of anti-SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccines and compared with 51 healthy controls. Humoral response was measured by quantifying both anti-spike and neutralizing antibodies; cell-mediated response was measured by PBMC proliferation assay with IFN-γ and IL-2 production. Liver transplant recipients showed lower response rates compared with controls in both humoral and cellular arms; shorter time since transplantation and multi-drug immunosuppressive regimen containing mycophenolate mofetil were predictive of reduced response to vaccination. Specific antibody and cytokine production, though reduced, were highly correlated in transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero D’Offizi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Puro
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Paola Piccolo
- Internal MedicineFatebenefratelli Hospital Isola TiberinaRome
| | - Marzia Montalbano
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Silvia Meschi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Chiara Sorace
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Sara Leone
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Daniele Lapa
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Germana Grassi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Delia Goletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | - Francesco Vaia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
| | | | - Raffaella Lionetti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani – IRCCS (INMI) Rome
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20
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Lanini S, Capone S, Antinori A, Milleri S, Nicastri E, Camerini R, Agrati C, Castilletti C, Mori F, Sacchi A, Matusali G, Gagliardini R, Ammendola V, Cimini E, Grazioli F, Scorzolini L, Napolitano F, Plazzi MM, Soriani M, De Luca A, Battella S, Sommella A, Contino AM, Barra F, Gentile M, Raggioli A, Shi Y, Girardi E, Maeurer M, Capobianchi MR, Vaia F, Piacentini M, Kroemer G, Vitelli A, Colloca S, Folgori A, Ippolito G, Ottou S, Vita S, Vergori A, D'Abramo A, Petrecchia A, Montaldo C, Scalise E, Grassi G, Casetti R, Bordoni V, Notari S, Colavita F, Meschi S, Lapa D, Bordi L, Murachelli S, Tambasco T, Grillo A, Masone E, Marchioni E, Bardhi D, Porzio O, Cocca F, Murachelli S, Turrini I, Malescio F, Ziviani L, Lawlor R, Poli F, Martire F, Zamboni D, Mazzaferri F. GRAd-COV2, a gorilla adenovirus-based candidate vaccine against COVID-19, is safe and immunogenic in younger and older adults. Sci Transl Med 2021; 14:eabj1996. [PMID: 34698501 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lanini
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Antinori
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Milleri
- Centro Ricerche Cliniche di Verona srl; 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Agrati
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gagliardini
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Cimini
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Laura Scorzolini
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria M Plazzi
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Aldo De Luca
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yufang Shi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou, 215008, Jiangsu, China.,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 200061, Shanghai, China
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Division of Immunotherapy, ImmunoSurgery, Champalimaud Foundation; 1400-038, Lisboa, Portugal.,I Medical Clinic, University of Mainz; 55122, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria R Capobianchi
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy.,Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vaia
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata; 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy; 94805, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; 75015, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- Istituto Nazionale per Le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS; 00149, Rome, Italy
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21
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Leidi F, Maloberti A, Bombelli M, Monticelli M, Ruzzenenti G, Biolcati M, Giani V, De Chiara B, Grassi G, Giannattasio C. Metabolic syndrome is related to vascular structural alterations but not to functional one both in hypertensives and healthy subjects. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Metabolic Syndrome (MS) has been related to an impairment in arterial structural and functional properties with heterogeneous results.
Purpose
In this study we focused on the effects of MS on arterial carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and common carotid Intima Media Thickness (IMT) in two different populations, one of hypertensive patients and one of healthy controls.
Methods
We enrolled 816 consecutive hypertensive (HT) and 536 healthy controls. Vascular structural (IMT) and functional (PWV) properties were evaluated. NCEP-ATP-III criteria were used for diagnosis of MS.
Results
MS was diagnosed in 26.9% and 6.9% in hypertensive and control subjects, respectively. PWV was similar in controls with and without MS (7.7±1.9 vs 7.6±1.1 m/s, p=0.69), while IMT was higher in controls with than those without MS (0.64±0.18 vs 0.57±0.13 mm, p=0.02). Hypertensives with MS were older (57.9±12.2 vs 52.7±14.1 years, p<0.001) and showed higher PWV (9.0±2.3 vs 8.4±2.1 m/s, p=0.001) and IMT (0.72±0.22 vs 0.65±0.17 mm, p<0.001) than those without MS, however at the age-adjusted analysis only the difference in IMT was confirmed (p=0.007). Regression models showed that MS was an independent determinant of IMT in both controls (β=0.08, p=0.03) and hypertensives (β=0.08, p=0.01), but not of PWV either in controls (β=0.006, p=0.886 and β=0.04, p=0.19, respectively).
Conclusions
The main finding of our work is that MS is a significant determinant of IMT while this is not the case for PWV. This result has been confirmed both in hypertensive subjects and in healthy controls.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leidi
- ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda, A. De Gasperis Department, Milan, Italy
| | - A Maloberti
- University of Milan-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bombelli
- University of Milan-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - M Monticelli
- ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda, A. De Gasperis Department, Milan, Italy
| | - G Ruzzenenti
- ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda, A. De Gasperis Department, Milan, Italy
| | - M Biolcati
- ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda, A. De Gasperis Department, Milan, Italy
| | - V Giani
- ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda, A. De Gasperis Department, Milan, Italy
| | - B De Chiara
- ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda, A. De Gasperis Department, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- University of Milan-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - C Giannattasio
- University of Milan-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
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22
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Ferrante E, Cremaschi A, Serban AL, Indirli R, Grassi G, Locatelli M, Arosio M, Mantovani G. Usefulness of non-stimulated copeptin in the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus after pituitary surgery. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2315-2317. [PMID: 33609279 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Ferrante
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Cremaschi
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A L Serban
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Department: Endocrinology Unit, Institute: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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23
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Picchianti-Diamanti A, Aiello A, Laganà B, Agrati C, Castilletti C, Meschi S, Farroni C, Lapa D, Najafi Fard S, Cuzzi G, Cimini E, Grassi G, Vanini V, Di Rosa R, Salemi S, Nalli G, Salmi A, Repele F, Altera AMG, Maffongelli G, Palazzolo C, Vita S, Leone S, Puro V, Capobianchi MR, Ippolito G, Nicastri E, Goletti D. ImmunosuppressiveTherapies Differently Modulate Humoral- and T-Cell-Specific Responses to COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:740249. [PMID: 34594343 PMCID: PMC8477040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, treated with different immunosuppressive therapies, the induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response after vaccination in terms of anti-region-binding-domain (RBD)-antibody- and T-cell-specific responses against spike, and the vaccine safety in terms of clinical impact on disease activity. Methods Health care workers (HCWs) and RA patients, having completed the BNT162b2-mRNA vaccination in the last 2 weeks, were enrolled. Serological response was evaluated by quantifying anti-RBD antibodies, while the cell-mediated response was evaluated by a whole-blood test quantifying the interferon (IFN)-γ-response to spike peptides. FACS analysis was performed to identify the cells responding to spike stimulation. RA disease activity was evaluated by clinical examination through the DAS28crp, and local and/or systemic clinical adverse events were registered. In RA patients, the ongoing therapeutic regimen was modified during the vaccination period according to the American College of Rheumatology indications. Results We prospectively enrolled 167 HCWs and 35 RA patients. Anti-RBD-antibodies were detected in almost all patients (34/35, 97%), although the titer was significantly reduced in patients under CTLA-4-inhibitors (median: 465 BAU/mL, IQR: 103-1189, p<0.001) or IL-6-inhibitors (median: 492 BAU/mL, IQR: 161-1007, p<0.001) compared to HCWs (median: 2351 BAU/mL, IQR: 1389-3748). T-cell-specific response scored positive in most of RA patients [24/35, (69%)] with significantly lower IFN-γ levels in patients under biological therapy such as IL-6-inhibitors (median: 33.2 pg/mL, IQR: 6.1-73.9, p<0.001), CTLA-4-inhibitors (median: 10.9 pg/mL, IQR: 3.7-36.7, p<0.001), and TNF-α-inhibitors (median: 89.6 pg/mL, IQR: 17.8-224, p=0.002) compared to HCWs (median: 343 pg/mL, IQR: 188-756). A significant correlation between the anti-RBD-antibody titer and spike-IFN-γ-specific T-cell response was found in RA patients (rho=0.432, p=0.009). IFN-γ T-cell response was mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Finally, no significant increase in disease activity was found in RA patients following vaccination. Conclusion This study showed for the first time that antibody-specific and whole-blood spike-specific T-cell responses induced by the COVID-19 mRNA-vaccine were present in the majority of RA patients, who underwent a strategy of temporary suspension of immunosuppressive treatment during vaccine administration. However, the magnitude of specific responses was dependent on the immunosuppressive therapy administered. In RA patients, BNT162b2 vaccine was safe and disease activity remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aiello
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Laganà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Farroni
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lapa
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Saeid Najafi Fard
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Cuzzi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanini
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Unità Operativa Semplice (UOS) Professioni Sanitarie Tecniche, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Rosa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Salemi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Nalli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Repele
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gerarda Altera
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maffongelli
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Palazzolo
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Vita
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Leone
- UOC Emerging Infections and Centro di Riferimento AIDS (CRAIDS), National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- UOC Emerging Infections and Centro di Riferimento AIDS (CRAIDS), National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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24
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Giovanelli L, Aresta C, Favero V, Bonomi M, Cangiano B, Eller-Vainicher C, Grassi G, Morelli V, Pugliese F, Falchetti A, Gennari L, Scillitani A, Persani L, Chiodini I. Hidden hypercortisolism: a too frequently neglected clinical condition. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1581-1596. [PMID: 33394454 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01484-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Classic Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a severe disease characterized by central obesity, hypertension, easy bruising, striae rubrae, buffalo hump, proximal myopathy and hypertricosis. However, several CS cases have also been reported with unusual or camouflaged manifestations. In recent years, several authors investigated the prevalence of "hidden hypercortisolism" (HidHyCo) among subjects affected with bone fragility, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The prevalence of the HidHyCo is estimated to be much higher than that of classic CS. However, similarly to classic CS, HidHyCo is known to increase the risk of fractures, cardiovascular disease and mortality. METHODS We reviewed all published cases of unusual presentations of hypercortisolism and studies specifically assessing the HidHyCo prevalence in diabetic, osteoporotic and hypertensive patients. RESULTS We found 49 HidHyCo cases, in whom bone fragility, hypertension and diabetes were the presenting manifestations of an otherwise silent hypercortisolism. Amongst these cases, 34.7%, 32.7%, 6.1% and 19.0%, respectively, had bone fragility, hypertension, DM2 or hypertension plus DM2 as the sole clinical manifestations of HidHyCo. Overall, 25% of HidHyCo cases were of pituitary origin, and bone fragility was the very prevalent first manifestation among them. In population studies, it is possible to estimate that 1-4% of patients with apparent primary osteoporosis has a HidHyCo and the prevalence of this condition among diabetics ranges between 3.4 and 10%. CONCLUSION These data indicate that patients with resistant or suddenly worsening hypertension or DM2 or unexplainable bone fragility should be screened for HidHyCo using the most recently approved sensitive cut-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Giovanelli
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Aresta
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - V Favero
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bonomi
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - B Cangiano
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Eller-Vainicher
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - V Morelli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - F Pugliese
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - A Falchetti
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - L Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A Scillitani
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - I Chiodini
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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25
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Grassi G, Vanini V, De Santis F, Romagnoli A, Aiello A, Casetti R, Cimini E, Bordoni V, Notari S, Cuzzi G, Mosti S, Gualano G, Palmieri F, Fraziano M, Goletti D, Agrati C, Sacchi A. PMN-MDSC Frequency Discriminates Active Versus Latent Tuberculosis and Could Play a Role in Counteracting the Immune-Mediated Lung Damage in Active Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:594376. [PMID: 33981297 PMCID: PMC8107479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.594376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, is still the principal cause of death caused by a single infectious agent. The balance between the bacillus and host defense mechanisms reflects the different manifestations of the pathology. Factors defining this variety are unclear and likely involve both mycobacterial and immunological components. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been shown to be expanded during TB, but their role in human TB pathogenesis is not clear. We evaluated the frequency of circulating MDSC by flow-cytometry in 19 patients with active TB, 18 with latent TB infection (LTBI), and 12 healthy donors (HD) as control. Moreover, we investigated the capacity of MDSC to modulate the mycobactericidal activity of monocytes. The association between MDSC level and TB chest X-ray severity score was analyzed. We observed that, unlike active TB, polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSC are not expanded in LTBI patients, and, by performing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, we found that PMN-MDSC frequency supported the discrimination between active disease and LTBI. Interestingly, we observed an association between PMN-MDSC levels and the severity of TB disease evaluated by chest X-ray. Specifically, PMN-MDSC frequency was higher in those classified with a low/mild severity score compared to those classified with a high severity score. Moreover, PMN-MDSC can impact mycobacterial growth by inducing ROS production in Bacillus Calmette et Guerin (BCG)-infected monocytes. This effect was lost when tested with M. tuberculosis (MTB), In conclusion, our data indicate that the elevated frequency of PMN-MDSC in IGRA-positive individuals is associated with active TB. Our findings also pointed out a beneficial role of PMN-MDSC during human active TB, most likely associated with the limitation of inflammation-induced tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanini
- Laboratory of Translational Research, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,UOS Professioni Sanitarie Tecniche National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Romagnoli
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research, and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aiello
- Laboratory of Translational Research, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Cuzzi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Mosti
- Respiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gina Gualano
- Respiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Palmieri
- Respiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fraziano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Laboratory of Translational Research, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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26
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Bordoni V, Sacchi A, Cimini E, Notari S, Grassi G, Tartaglia E, Casetti R, Giancola ML, Bevilacqua N, Maeurer M, Zumla A, Locatelli F, De Benedetti F, Palmieri F, Marchioni L, Capobianchi MR, D’Offizi G, Petrosillo N, Antinori A, Nicastri E, Ippolito G, Agrati C. An Inflammatory Profile Correlates With Decreased Frequency of Cytotoxic Cells in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:2272-2275. [PMID: 32407466 PMCID: PMC7239202 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased production of inflammatory cytokines and myeloid-derived suppressor cells occurs in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. These inversely correlated with perforin-expressing natural killer (NK) and CD3+ T cells. We observed a lower number of perforin-expressing NK cells in intensive care unit (ICU) patients compared with non-ICU patients, suggesting an impairment of the immune cytotoxic arm as a pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Bordoni
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Giancola
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Nazario Bevilacqua
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Immunotherapy Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- I Med Clinic, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Benedetti
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Palmieri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Marchioni
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria R Capobianchi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianpiero D’Offizi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Petrosillo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
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27
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Grassi G, Morelli V, Ceriotti F, Polledri E, Fustinoni S, D'Agostino S, Mantovani G, Chiodini I, Arosio M. Minding the gap between cortisol levels measured with second-generation assays and current diagnostic thresholds for the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency: a single-center experience. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:425-431. [PMID: 32222957 PMCID: PMC7426310 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current cut-offs for the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) have been established using outdated immunoassays. We compared the cortisol concentrations measured with Roche Cortisol I (R1), the newly available Roche Cortisol II (R2), and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the gold standard procedure to measure steroids in patients undergoing the corticotropin (ACTH) test. METHODS We enrolled 30 patients (age 47 ± 21 years) referred to undergo the ACTH test (1 or 250 μg). Cortisol was measured at 0, 30, and 60 min after stimulation with R1, R2, and LC-MS/MS. AI was diagnosed for R1-stimulated peak cortisol concentrations < 500 nmol/L. RESULTS Mean cortisol concentrations measured with R2 and LC-MS/MS were comparable, while mean cortisol concentrations measured by R1 were higher than those of both R2 and LC-MS/MS (respectively, basal 411 ± 177, 287 ± 119, and 295 ± 119 nmol/L; at 30 min, 704 ± 204, 480 ± 132, and 500 ± 132 nmol/L; at 60 min, 737 ± 301, 502 ± 196, and 519 ± 201 nmol/L, p ≤ 0.01 for R1 vs. both R2 and LC-MS/MS at each point). Considering the 500 nmol/L cortisol peak cut-off, AI was diagnosed in 5/30 patients using R1 and in 12/30 using R2 (+ 140%). Based on the correlation between R1 and R2, the threshold of 500 nmol/L became 351 nmol/L (12.7 μg/dL) when cortisol was measured with R2, and 368 nmol/L (13.3 μg/dL) with LC-MS/MS. CONCLUSIONS The use of more specific cortisol assays results in lower cortisol concentrations. This could lead to misdiagnosis and overtreatment when assessing AI with the ACTH test if a different cut-off for cortisol peak is not adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grassi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
- Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - V Morelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - F Ceriotti
- Clinical Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E Polledri
- Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - S Fustinoni
- Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S D'Agostino
- Clinical Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - I Chiodini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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28
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Bordoni V, Tartaglia E, Refolo G, Sacchi A, Grassi G, Antinori A, Fimia GM, Agrati C. Per2 Upregulation in Circulating Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells During Chronic HIV Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:362. [PMID: 32850472 PMCID: PMC7396677 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic HIV infection accelerates immune aging and is associated with abnormal hemato-lymphopoiesis, but the relationship between HIV-induced aging and Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (HPC) function is not well-defined. In the context of aging, it has been demonstrated using a murine model that Per2 (Period circadian clock 2) is a negative regulator of HPC survival and lineage potential. A possible involvement of Per2 modulation on hematopoietic failure during HIV infection has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze whether Per2 is differently expressed and regulated on HPC during HIV infection, possibly providing a therapeutic target to restore lymphoid potential in the HPC compartment. To this purpose, Per2 expression in circulating HPC was compared in 69 chronic HIV infected patients under successful ART and in matched 30 uninfected healthy donors (HD). HPC aging was assessed by measuring relative telomere length (RTL), and HPC functionality was evaluated by Colony Forming Cell (CFC) assay from both ex vivo HIV+ patients and in vitro Per2 overexpressing donors. Our results showed a lower RTL in HPC and a decrease of white progenitor colonies from HIV+ patients with lower CD4 respect to those with higher CD4 T cell count (<500 respect to >500 CD4 T cell/mmc). Interestingly, we found that the frequency of Per2-expressing HPC is higher in HIV+ patients than in HD and correlated to RTL of CFC derived cells, highlighting a relationship between low proliferative rate and Per2 expression. Indeed, the in vitro overexpression of Per2 resulted in a significant decrease of white progenitor colonies respect to control cells. Finally, we showed that the deacetylase Sirtuin 1, a negative regulator of Per2, was downregulated in HPC from HIV+ patients, and the peripheral blood treatment with resveratrol (Sirtuin 1 inducer) determined a decrease of Per2 expressing HPC. Altogether, these results suggest that during HIV infection, Per2 is involved in the regulation of HPC expansion and differentiation and its overexpression may impair the immune reconstitution. These data support the rationale to explore the role of this regulatory mechanism during aged-associated hemato-lymphopoiesis impairment in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Refolo
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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29
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Fineberg N, Van Ameringen M, Drummond L, Hollander E, Stein D, Geller D, Walitza S, Pallanti S, Pellegrini L, Zohar J, Rodriguez C, Menchon J, Morgado P, Mpavaenda D, Fontenelle L, Feusner J, Grassi G, Lochner C, Veltman D, Sireau N, Carmi L, Adam D, Nicolini H, Dell'Osso B. How to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) under COVID-19: A clinician's guide from the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Research Network (OCRN) of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 100:152174. [PMID: 32388123 PMCID: PMC7152877 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N.A. Fineberg
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK,Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK,University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK,Corresponding author at: University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
| | - M. Van Ameringen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - L. Drummond
- SW London and St George's NHS Trust and St George's, University of London, UK
| | - E. Hollander
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - D.J. Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - D. Geller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - S. Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Pallanti
- Istituto di Neuroscienze, University of Florence, Italy,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - L. Pellegrini
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK,Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - J. Zohar
- The Post Trauma Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Israel,Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - C.I. Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J.M. Menchon
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Cibersam, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Morgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal,Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - D. Mpavaenda
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK,Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - L.F. Fontenelle
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia,D'Or Institute for Research and Education and Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J.D. Feusner
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - G. Grassi
- Brain Center Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - C. Lochner
- SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - D.J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N. Sireau
- Orchard, 66 Devonshire Road, Cambridge CB1 2BL, UK
| | - L. Carmi
- The Post Trauma Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | | | - H. Nicolini
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico,Clinical Research, Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - B. Dell'Osso
- University of Milan, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy,“Aldo Ravelli” Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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30
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Cimini E, Sacchi A, Grassi G, Casetti R, Notari S, Bordoni V, Forini O, Grilli E, Vergori A, Capobianchi MR, Antinori A, Agrati C. Persistent gamma delta T-cell dysfunction in HCV/HIV co-infection despite direct-acting antiviral therapy-induced cure. J Viral Hepat 2020; 27:754-756. [PMID: 32049390 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Olindo Forini
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Grilli
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vergori
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- Virology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani'-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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31
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Maloberti A, Bruno RM, Facchetti R, Grassi G, Taddei S, Ghiadoni L, Giannattasio C. THE role of metabolic syndrome in blood pressure control and pulse wave velocity progression over a 3.5 years in treated hypertensive PATIENTS. Eur J Intern Med 2020; 76:107-109. [PMID: 32081529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Maloberti
- Cardiology IV, "A.De Gasperis" Department, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20159, Italy; Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
| | - R M Bruno
- Department of clinical and experimental medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Center -PARCC and Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - R Facchetti
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - S Taddei
- Department of clinical and experimental medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Ghiadoni
- Department of clinical and experimental medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Giannattasio
- Cardiology IV, "A.De Gasperis" Department, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20159, Italy; Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
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32
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Maloberti A, Giannattasio C, Bombelli M, Desideri G, Cicero AFG, Muiesan ML, Rosei EA, Salvetti M, Ungar A, Rivasi G, Pontremoli R, Viazzi F, Facchetti R, Ferri C, Bernardino B, Galletti F, D'Elia L, Palatini P, Casiglia E, Tikhonoff V, Barbagallo CM, Verdecchia P, Masi S, Mallamaci F, Cirillo M, Rattazzi M, Pauletto P, Cirillo P, Gesualdo L, Mazza A, Volpe M, Tocci G, Iaccarino G, Nazzaro P, Lippa L, Parati G, Dell'Oro R, Quarti-Trevano F, Grassi G, Virdis A, Borghi C. Hyperuricemia and Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes: The Experience of the URRAH (Uric Acid Right for Heart Health) Project. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2020; 27:121-128. [PMID: 32157643 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-020-00368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The latest European Guidelines of Arterial Hypertension have officially introduced uric acid evaluation among the cardiovascular risk factors that should be evaluated in order to stratify patient's risk. In fact, it has been extensively evaluated and demonstrated to be an independent predictor not only of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, but also of myocardial infraction, stroke and heart failure. Despite the large number of studies on this topic, an important open question that still need to be answered is the identification of a cardiovascular uric acid cut-off value. The actual hyperuricemia cut-off (> 6 mg/dL in women and 7 mg/dL in men) is principally based on the saturation point of uric acid but previous evidence suggests that the negative impact of cardiovascular system could occur also at lower levels. In this context, the Working Group on uric acid and CV risk of the Italian Society of Hypertension has designed the Uric acid Right for heArt Health project. The primary objective of this project is to define the level of uricemia above which the independent risk of CV disease may increase in a significantly manner. In this review we will summarize the first results obtained and describe the further planned analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Maloberti
- Cardiology IV, "A.De Gasperis" Department, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy. .,Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Giannattasio
- Cardiology IV, "A.De Gasperis" Department, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy.,Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bombelli
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.,Clinica Medica, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - G Desideri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A F G Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M L Muiesan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - E A Rosei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Salvetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Ungar
- Department of Geriatric and Intensive Care Medicine, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Rivasi
- Department of Geriatric and Intensive Care Medicine, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - R Pontremoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Policlinico SanMartino, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Viazzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Policlinico SanMartino, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Facchetti
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - C Ferri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - B Bernardino
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Galletti
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples Medical School, Naples, Italy
| | - L D'Elia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples Medical School, Naples, Italy
| | - P Palatini
- Studium Patavinum, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - E Casiglia
- Studium Patavinum, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - V Tikhonoff
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C M Barbagallo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - P Verdecchia
- Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - S Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Mallamaci
- Reggio Cal Unit, CNR-IFC, Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - M Cirillo
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Rattazzi
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Medicina Interna I, Ca' Foncello University Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - P Pauletto
- Medicina Interna I, Ca' Foncello University Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - P Cirillo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - L Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Mazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia General Hospital, AULSS 5 Polesana, Rovigo, Italy
| | - M Volpe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - G Tocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - G Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - P Nazzaro
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - L Lippa
- Italian Society of General Medicine (SIMG), Avezzano, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - G Parati
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Dell'Oro
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.,Clinica Medica, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - F Quarti-Trevano
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.,Clinica Medica, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Health Science Department, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.,Clinica Medica, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - A Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Ben Mosbah M, Eleon C, Passard C, Loridon J, Perot B, Barbot L, Grassi G. Performance assessment of amplification and discrimination electronic devices for passive neutron measurements. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022505001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of the fissile material mass is a key challenge to enhance radioactive waste management and to ensure a high level of safety in nuclear industry. Data is analyzed according to the principles of the neutron measurement techniques. As proportional counters filled with 3He gas display high neutron detection efficiency and a good gamma-ray discrimination, they are the reference detector for passive neutron coincidence counting. A charge preamplifier or a current amplifier, depending on applications, collects the electric pulse produced by neutron interaction in the 3He gas and a threshold discriminator produces a logic pulse used for neutron counting. This paper describes the performance assessment of different commercially available electronics from Mirion Technologies, Precision Data Technology (PDT), Mesytec, as well as MONACO electronics originally developed by CEA LIST for fission chamber measurements in experimental reactors. Comparative passive neutron measurements are carried out with these electronics at CEA/DEN Nuclear Measurement Laboratory in Cadarache. Overall, PDT and Mesytec electronics show similar detection efficiency as the ACH-NA98 charge amplifier, which is commonly used in our laboratory for such applications. However, MONACO electronics have a lower detection efficiency, similar to Mirion 7820 current amplifier used in specific high-count rate applications. An optimisation of MONACO settings would probably be necessary to adapt to 3He counters instead of fission chambers.
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Eller-Vainicher C, Cairoli E, Grassi G, Grassi F, Catalano A, Merlotti D, Falchetti A, Gaudio A, Chiodini I, Gennari L. Pathophysiology and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Bone Fragility. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:7608964. [PMID: 32566682 PMCID: PMC7262667 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7608964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of bone fragility fractures compared to nondiabetic subjects. This increased fracture risk may occur despite normal or even increased values of bone mineral density (BMD), and poor bone quality is suggested to contribute to skeletal fragility in this population. These concepts explain why the only evaluation of BMD could not be considered an adequate tool for evaluating the risk of fracture in the individual T2DM patient. Unfortunately, nowadays, the bone quality could not be reliably evaluated in the routine clinical practice. On the other hand, getting further insight on the pathogenesis of T2DM-related bone fragility could consent to ameliorate both the detection of the patients at risk for fracture and their appropriate treatment. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the increased risk of fragility fractures in a T2DM population are complex. Indeed, in T2DM, bone health is negatively affected by several factors, such as inflammatory cytokines, muscle-derived hormones, incretins, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and cortisol secretion, peripheral activation, and sensitivity. All these factors may alter bone formation and resorption, collagen formation, and bone marrow adiposity, ultimately leading to reduced bone strength. Additional factors such as hypoglycemia and the consequent increased propensity for falls and the direct effects on bone and mineral metabolism of certain antidiabetic medications may contribute to the increased fracture risk in this population. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature evidence that faces the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying bone fragility in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Eller-Vainicher
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E. Cairoli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Italy
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Grassi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Grassi
- Ramses Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - D. Merlotti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - A. Falchetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Italy
| | - A. Gaudio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, University Hospital ‘G. Rodolico', Catania, Italy
| | - I. Chiodini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Italy
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
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35
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Seravalle G, Dell'oro R, Gardini M, Quarti Trevano F, Marro G, Mancia G, Grassi G. P3405Association between heart rate thresholds for cardiovascular risk defined by new ESC/ESH Guidelines and neuroadrenergic markers. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The ESC/ESH Guidelines for hypertension issued in 2018 identify resting heart rate (HR) values greater than 80 beats/minute as predictors of cardiovascular risk, with the undocumented evidence that this detection might represent the occurrence of a sympathetic cardiovascular overdrive.
Purpose
In the present study we tested this hypothesis throughout the use of direct and indirect markers of sympathetic neural function.
Methods
In 167 untreated and uncomplicated mild-to moderate essential hypertensives recruited for different investigations and aged 51.8±3.2 years (mean±SEM) without other cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular disease, we measured clinic and ambulatory blood pressure (BP), HR (EKG), venous plasma norepinephrine (NE, HPLC assay) and efferent postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve traffic (MSNA, microneurography). We then subdivided the study population in 2 groups according to HR values ≤ or >80 beats/minute.
Results
Sixty-eight patients displayed resting HR >80 beats/minute while the remaining 99 below this threshold value, the 2 groups showing superimposable age values and gender distribution. Body mass index, clinic and ambulatory BP were similar in the 2 groups this being the case also for LVMI and metabolic variables. In contrast MSNA values were significantly greater (P<0.02) in the former than in the latter group both when expressed as bursts incidence over time (49.2±1.8 vs 39.5±1.4 bs/min) and when corrected for HR (60.7±3.0 vs 51.4±2.5 bs/100 hb). NE showed a tendency to be greater in the former group without achieving, however, statistical significance. In the whole population there was a significant direct relationship between MSNA and HR values (r=0.61, P<0.01)
Conclusions
Thus hypertensive patients displaying HR >80 beats/minute are characterized by a marked sympathetic overdrive, particularly when direct adrenergic markers are employed. This finding suggests that cardiac and peripheral sympathetic activation may participate at the increased cardiovascular risk detected in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Seravalle
- San Luca Hospital, Italian Institute for Auxology (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - R Dell'oro
- Clinica medica, Univ. Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - M Gardini
- Clinica medica, Univ. Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - G Marro
- Clinica medica, Univ. Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Mancia
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Health Science, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Clinica medica, Univ. Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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36
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Virdis A, Casiglia E, Masi S, Desideri G, Tikhonoff V, Muiesan ML, Grassi G, Borghi C. P1566Identification of the cardiovascular threshold limit for serum uric acid. Analysis from a general Italian population. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Serum uric acid (SUA) is increasingly recognised as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and total mortality. However, the levels of SUA that discriminate across the different strata of risk for CVD and total mortality remain unknown, complicating the identification of subjects at high or low mortality risk for SUA in clinical practice.
Purpose
In this study we used a large Italian population comprising >3ehz748.0326 subjects to assess the threshold of SUA that increases the risk of total and CVD mortality.
Methods
The URic Acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) study is a regional-basis multicentre cohort study which collected data from prospective studies and databases from different hypertension centres, including subjects with at least one measure of SUA and a follow-up of about 20 years. Total mortality was defined as mortality for any causes, cardiovascular mortality as death due to fatal myocardial infraction, stroke or heart failure. Multivariate dichotomic logistic and Cox regression models were used to confirm the relationship between SUA and mortality status both from cardiovascular and any causes, while ROC curves were used to identify the threshold of SUA that better discriminated people at higher or lower mortality risk.
Results
A total of 22.275 subjects had SUA and mortality information. Logistic regression identified a direct and strong association between SUA and an increased risk of total (OR 1.176, 95% CI 1.127–1.227) and CVD (OR 1.147, 95% CI 1.093–1.203) mortality, independently of other CVD risk factors (age, BMI, LDL cholesterol, diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, alcohol consumption and smoking). Cox models confirmed the presence of an independent association between SUA and any causes (HR 1.123, 95% CI 1.090–1.567) and CVD (HR 1.124, 95% CI 1.081–1.169) mortality. ROC curve analysis identified a cut-off value od SUA [(4.79 mg/dL (95% CI 4.7–5.4 mg/dl)] able to discriminate total mortality status, and a different one [(5.60 mg/dL (95% CI 5.09–5.89 mg/dl)] able to identify CVD mortality status. Multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for confounders confirmed that subjects with SUA >4.79 mg/dl had a significantly higher total mortality (HR 1.293, 95% CI 1.181–1.416) compared to those with SUA <4.79 mg/dl, independently of covariables. Similarly, subjects with SUA >5.60 mg/dl had a significantly higher CVD mortality (HR 1.428, 95% CI 1.273–1.600) than those with SUA <5.60 mg/dl after adjustment for the same confounders.
Conclusion
Levels of SUA that increase the risk of total and CVD mortality are significantly lower than those commonly used for the definition of hyperuricemia in clinical practice. Our data provide the first large evidence of a level of “cardiovascular” SUA that might be used in clinical practice to identify subjects at greater risk of total and CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S Masi
- University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - G Grassi
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - C Borghi
- University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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37
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Seravalle G, Quarti Trevano F, Dell'oro R, Bertoli G, Mancia G, Grassi G. P1688Behavior of indices of sympathetic activity in relation to sleep time duration in untreated hypertensives. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality has been reported to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk and increased incidence of cardiovascular events.
Purpose
Whether and what extent the pathophysiology of this association includes sympathetic abnormalities has never been examined via microneurography.
Methods
In 28 untreated mild-to moderate essential hypertensives aged 66.4±3.1 (mean±SEM) without other cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular disease (including obstructive sleep apnea) recruited from the outpatient clinic and referred for short sleep duration, we directly assessed at patients home via actigraphy (actiwatch spectrum activity monitor, Phillips) time sleep duration and efficiency. Measurements, performed during a day preceding or following the 7 day actigraphy evaluation, included microneurographic recording of efferent postganglionic sympathetic nerve traffic (MSNA), venous plasma norepinephrine (HPLC), clinic, 24 hour and beat to beat blood pressure and heart rate values. Sleep diary and a sleep questionnaire were also administered.
Results
Nine patients slept less than 6 hours per night (LSD), while the remaining ones between 6 to 7 (MSD, n=8) or more than 7 hours (GSD,N=11). The 3 groups showed similar age and gender distribution and a body mass index amounting to 28.1±0.8, 28.6±0.5 and 27.3±0.5 kg/m2 (P=NS). For similar mean blood pressure values LSD showed MSNA values significantly greater than GSD (53.4±4.9 vs 40.1±3.8bs/100hb, P<0.03), this being the case also for MSD (49.7±4.4, P<0.05 vs GSD but not SLD). HR was significantly elevated only in LSD group when compared to GSD, while no significant difference was found in plasma NE between the 3 groups.
Conclusions
The present study provides the first microneurographic direct evidence that short sleep duration is linked to a marked sympathetic activation, which may participate at the high cardiovascular risk of these subjects. The sympathetic overdrive affects both the cardiac and peripheral district but is not reflected by NE, which thus does not represent in this condition a valuable adrenergic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Seravalle
- San Luca Hospital, Italian Institute for Auxology (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | | | - R Dell'oro
- Clinica medica, Univ. Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Bertoli
- IRCCS MultiMedica Sesto San Giovanni, nephrology, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - G Mancia
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Health Science, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Clinica medica, Univ. Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Agrati C, Tumino N, Bordoni V, Pinnetti C, Sabatini A, Amendola A, Abbate I, Lorenzini P, Mondi A, Casetti R, Cimini E, Grassi G, Antinori A, Sacchi A. Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Expansion Persists After Early ART and May Affect CD4 T Cell Recovery. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1886. [PMID: 31440256 PMCID: PMC6694843 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are expanded during HIV-1 infection and correlated with disease progression. MDSC expand in the early phase of primary infection depending on TRAIL level. In this study we evaluated the effect of ART on the frequency of MDSC in patients with primary HIV infection (PHI), and their impact on CD4 T cell reconstitution. MDSC frequency was evaluated by flow-cytometry in 60 PHI patients at 12, 24 and 48 weeks after ART initiation. Cytokine plasma levels were evaluated by Luminex technology at the same time points. The capacity of MDSC to modulate hematopoietic early progenitor cells' expansion was evaluated using the OP9/Dl1 in vitro system. As previously described, polymorphonuclear-MDSC (PMN-MDSC) frequency was higher in PHI compared to healthy donors. Interestingly, 48 weeks of successful ART failed to normalize the PMN-MDSC frequency. Moreover, PMN-MDSC frequency was not correlated with residual viral load, suggesting that the persistence of PMN-MDSC was not due to residual viral replication. Interestingly, patients with low PMN-MDSC frequency (<6%) at T0 had a higher HIV DNA at the same time point than individuals with high PMN-MDSC frequency (>6%). We also found an inverse correlation between PMN-MDSC frequency and CD4-T cell count at 48 weeks post-ART, which was confirmed by multivariate analysis adjusting for age and CD4 T cell number at baseline. These data suggest that the persistence of PMN-MDSC may impact CD4 T cell recovery. Indeed, in vitro PMN-MDSC impaired the expansion of CD34+CD38- hematopoietic early progenitors. Further, a balance between TRAIL and GM-CSF may be necessary to maintain a low MDSC level. In conclusion, early ART initiation was not able to normalize PMN-MDSC frequency that might impact the CD4 T cell recovery. These data open new questions regarding the clinical impact of MDSC persistence in HIV+ patients, in particular on non-AIDS related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Agrati
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Pinnetti
- Virology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sabatini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Amendola
- Virology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Abbate
- Virology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lorenzini
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mondi
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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39
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Casetti R, Sacchi A, Bordoni V, Grassi G, Cimini E, Besi F, Pinnetti C, Mondi A, Antinori A, Agrati C. In Human Immunodeficiency Virus primary infection, early combined antiretroviral therapy reduced γδ T-cell activation but failed to restore their polyfunctionality. Immunology 2019; 157:322-330. [PMID: 31206171 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary and chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection alters γδ T-cell features. However, there is no evidence about early combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and γδ T-cell dynamics. In the present study, HIV-positive individuals were divided into those with early primary infection (EPI) and those with late primary infection (LPI). The analysis of γδ T cells was performed by flow cytometry before and after therapy. Polyfunctional profile was assessed after in vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) exposure to specific antigens. The results show that primary infection induced an expansion of Vδ1 T cells in LPI. Before treatment, a massive activation of γδ T-cell subsets was observed in both groups of patients, that correlated with disease progression and was significantly reduced after cART introduction. Despite this, CD107A-expressing Vδ1 T cells in both groups were significantly fewer than in healthy donors, but were restored by therapy introduction. Polyfunctional analysis of Vδ1 T cells from HIV-positive individuals revealed a lower frequency of CD107A+ CCL-4+ Vδ1 T-cell subsets than healthy donors that persists after therapy. Functional profile of Vδ2 was similar to that in healthy donors before therapy but, at 6 months, a lower frequency of CD107A, interferon-γ- or tumor necrosis factor-α-producing Vδ2 T cells was observed in the EPI group. Finally, individuals with LPI showed a lower frequency of quadruple-functional Vδ2 T-cell subset. In conclusion, during primary HIV infection, the baseline Vδ1 T-cell activation is correlated with immune reconstitution potential. Moreover, an altered γδ polyfunctional profile occurred, persisting after cART. Further studies are needed to understand whether a longer treatment of primary infection may increase γδ T-cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Besi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Pinnetti
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mondi
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Bellingeri A, Bergami E, Grassi G, Faleri C, Redondo-Hasselerharm P, Koelmans AA, Corsi I. Combined effects of nanoplastics and copper on the freshwater alga Raphidocelis subcapitata. Aquat Toxicol 2019; 210:179-187. [PMID: 30870664 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are recognized as able to interact with other pollutants including heavy metals, and with natural organic matter, with implications for the potential risks to biota. We investigated the interaction of carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-COOH NPs) with copper (Cu) and algal exudates (EPS) and how such interaction could affect Cu toxicity towards the freshwater microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata. PS-COOH NPs behavior in the presence of Cu and EPS was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), while PS-COOH NPs surface interaction with Cu ions and EPS was investigated by fluorimetric analysis. ICP-MS was used to test Cu ion adsorption to PS-COOH NPs in the presence and absence of algae. The interaction between PS-COOH NPs and the algal cell wall was assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Short- and long-term toxicity tests were carried out in parallel to assess the impact of PS-COOH NPs on algal growth. Results showed altered nanoparticle surface charge and hydrodynamic diameter following algal EPS exposure, supporting the hypothesis of a protein corona formation. In contrast, no absorption of Cu ions was observed on PS-COOH NPs, either in the presence or absence of algae. No differences on algal growth inhibition were observed between exposure to Cu only, and to Cu in combination with PS-COOH NPs, in short-term as well as long-term tests. However, after 72 h of exposure, the adsorption of PS-COOH NPs to algal cell walls appeared to correspond to morphological alterations, revealing potential disturbances in the mitotic cycle. Our findings confirm the ability of PS-COOH NPs to interact with EPS as shown for other nanomaterials. Environmentally realistic exposure scenarios are thus needed for evaluating nanoplastic toxicity, as nanoparticles will not maintain their pristine nature once released into natural media. Prolonged exposure and use of different end-points such as cell morphological changes and EPS production seem more reliable for the investigation of nanoplastic/algal cell interactions which can drive food chain transfer of nanoplastics and ultimately toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bellingeri
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - E Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - P Redondo-Hasselerharm
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A A Koelmans
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Abrami M, Siviello C, Grassi G, Larobina D, Grassi M. Investigation on the thermal gelation of Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate solutions. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:110-116. [PMID: 30925978 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work deals with the effect of temperature on the thermal-gelation process of water solutions containing chitosan β-glycerolphosphate disodium salt hydrate. In particular, the attention is focused on the role played by temperature on the gel final properties, a very important aspect in the frame of drug delivery systems. The study was performed by combining rheology and low field nuclear magnetic resonance, two approaches that revealed to be highly synergic as they can detect different aspects of the developing polymeric network. This study indicates that 30 °C represent a sort of threshold for both the gelation kinetics and the gel final properties. Indeed, above this temperature, gelation kinetics was rapid and yielded to a strong gel. On the contrary, a slow kinetics and a final weak gel occurred below 30 °C. Finally, rheology and low field NMR allowed, independently, evaluating the time evolution of the network mesh size upon gelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Siviello
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council of Italy, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Larobina
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council of Italy, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - M Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy.
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Sacchi A, Tumino N, Grassi G, Casetti R, Cimini E, Bordoni V, Ammassari A, Antinori A, Agrati C. A new procedure to analyze polymorphonuclear myeloid derived suppressor cells in cryopreserved samples cells by flow cytometry. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202920. [PMID: 30161175 PMCID: PMC6117014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is a heterogeneous subset of immature and mature cells of the myeloid lineage, undergoing expansion during pathologic conditions, and able to perform strong immune suppressive functions. It has been shown that cryopreservation selectively impacts the polimorphonuclear (PMN) MDSC viability and recovery, and alters the correct analysis of MDSC subsets. In laboratory practice, cryopreservation is often inevitable, in particular in multicenter studies where samples have to be shipped to a centralized laboratory. Aim of the present work was to set out a new protocol to evaluate the frequency of PMN-MDSC in thawed cells by flow-cytometry. PBMC were isolated from HIV+ patients and healthy donors, and were cryopreserved for at least ten days. After thawing, two different protocols were used: 1. standard protocol (SP) consisting of staining with the antibodies mix and then fixing with formalin 1%; 2. thawed protocol (TP) in which fixation foregoes the staining with the antibodies mix. Results showed that PMN-MDSC frequency in ex vivo PBMC evaluated by means TP was comparable to that analysed by SP, indicating that the protocol did not alter PMN-MDSC quantification in ex vivo cells. We then demonstrated that PMN-MDSC frequency in thawed PBMC tested by TP was almost identical to the frequency obtained in ex vivo cells evaluated by using SP. However, we observed that after three hours of culture post-thawing, PMN-MDSC were not assessable anymore with both SP and TP. In conclusion, we herein demonstrated that fixing PBMC soon after thawing and before antibody staining allows preservation of PMN-MDSC integrity and a reliable cells quantification. Thus, it is possible to phenotipically identify PMN-MDSC in cryopreserved PBMC, consenting adequate test precision and accuracy as well as making multicentre research more feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sacchi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Ammassari
- Clinical Department, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical Department, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Marques-Santos LF, Grassi G, Bergami E, Faleri C, Balbi T, Salis A, Damonte G, Canesi L, Corsi I. Cationic polystyrene nanoparticle and the sea urchin immune system: biocorona formation, cell toxicity, and multixenobiotic resistance phenotype. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:847-867. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1482378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Marques-Santos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - G. Grassi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences-DSFTA, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - E. Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences-DSFTA, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C. Faleri
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences-DISTAV, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - T. Balbi
- Department of Life Sciences-DSV, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A. Salis
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G. Damonte
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - L. Canesi
- Department of Life Sciences-DSV, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - I. Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences-DSFTA, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Sacchi A, Tumino N, Sabatini A, Cimini E, Casetti R, Bordoni V, Grassi G, Agrati C. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Specifically Suppress IFN-γ Production and Antitumor Cytotoxic Activity of Vδ2 T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1271. [PMID: 29928279 PMCID: PMC5997821 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells represent less than 5% of circulating T cells; they exert a potent cytotoxic function against tumor or infected cells and secrete cytokines like conventional αβ T cells. As αβ T cells γδ T cells reside in the typical T cell compartments (the lymph nodes and spleen), but are more widely distributed in tissues throughout the body. For these reasons, some investigators are exploring the possibility of immunotherapies aimed to expand and activate Vδ2 T cells, or using them as Chimeric Antigen Receptor carriers. However, the role of immunosuppressive microenvironment on Vδ2 T cells during infections and cancers has not been completely elucidated. In particular, the effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), largely expanded in such pathologies, were not explored. In the present work, we demonstrated that MDSC may inhibit IFN-γ production and degranulation of phosphoantigen-activated Vδ2 T cells. Moreover, the Vδ2 T cells cytotoxic activity against the Burkitt lymphoma cell line Daudi and Jurkat cell line were impaired by MDSC. The Arginase I seems to be involved in the impairment of Vδ2 T cell function induced by both tumor cells and MDSC. These data open a key issue in the context of Vδ2-targeted immunoteraphy, suggesting the need of combined strategies aimed to boost Vδ2 T cells circumventing tumor- and MDSC-induced Vδ2 T cells suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sabatini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, Department of Epidemiology, Pre-Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostic, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Sabatino A, Regolisti G, Di Motta T, Cantarelli C, Pioli S, Grassi G, Batini V, Gregorini M, Fiaccadori E. Evaluation of muscle mass by ultrasonography of quadriceps femoris muscle in end-stage renal disease patients. Nutrition 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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Masi S, Georgiopoulos G, Grassi G, Serravalle G, Savoia C, Taddei S, Rizzoni D, Virdis A. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND MICROVASCULAR REMODELLING. J Hypertens 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000539815.15040.2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Abrami M, Maschio M, Conese M, Confalonieri M, Di Gioia S, Dapas B, Tonon F, Farra R, Grassi M, Grassi G, Gerin F. WS06.3 A novel approach based on low field nuclear magnetic resonance to monitor lung functionality and inflammation in cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30151-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Manesh RR, Grassi G, Bergami E, Marques-Santos LF, Faleri C, Liberatori G, Corsi I. Co-exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles does not affect cadmium toxicity in radish seeds (Raphanus sativus). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 148:359-366. [PMID: 29096262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments on environmental fate models indicate that as nano waste, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) could reach terrestrial ecosystems thus potentially affecting environmental and human health. Plants can be therefore exposed to ENMs but controversial data in terms of fate and toxicity are currently available. Furthermore, there is a current lack of information on complex interactions/transformations to which ENMs undergo in the natural environment as for instance interacting with existing toxic compounds. The aim of the present study was to assess the behavior and biological effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2) (Aeroxide P25, Degussa Evonik) and its interaction with cadmium (CdCl2) in plants using radish seeds (Raphanus sativus L. Parvus) as model species. Radish seeds were exposed to n-TiO2 (1-1000mg/L) and CdCl2 (1-250mg/L) alone and in combination using a seed germination and seedling growth toxicity test OECD 208. Percentage of seed germination, germination index (GI) and root elongation were calculated. Cell morphology and oxidative stress parameters as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase activities (CAT) were measured in radish seeds after 5 days of exposure. Z-Average, PdI and Z-potential of n-TiO2 in Milli-Q water as exposure medium were also determined. DLS analysis showed small aggregates of n-TiO2, negative Z-potential and stable PdI in seed's exposure media. Germination percentage, GI and root length resulted affected by n-TiO2 exposure compared to controls. In particular, n-TiO2 at 1mg/L and 100mg/L did not affect radish seeds germination (100%) while at concentration of 10mg/L, 200mg/L, 500mg/L, and 1000mg/L a slight but not significant decrease of germination % was observed. Similarly root length and GI resulted significantly higher in seeds exposed to 10mg/L and 200mg/L compared to 1mg/L, 100mg/L, 500mg/L, 1000mg/L and control (p < 0.05). On the opposite, CdCl2 significantly abolished germination % and GI compared to control seeds and a concentration dependent decrease on root elongation was observed against controls (p < 0.05). As well, significant decrease of germination %, GI and root elongation was observed in seeds co-exposed to n-TiO2 and CdCl2 at the highest concentrations (1000mg/L n-TiO2 and 250mg/L CdCl2) compared to co-exposed seeds at low concentration (1mg/L n-TiO2 and 1mg/L CdCl2) and controls (p < 0.05). Root elongation significantly increase compared to control at the lowest co-exposure concentration (p < 0.05). Similarly at intermediate concentrations of 10 and 100mg/L in co-exposure conditions, n-TiO2 did not affect CdCl2 toxicity. Concerning antioxidant enzymes, a significant increase of CAT activity in seeds exposed to single high n-TiO2 concentration (1000mg/L) was observed while n-TiO2 (1mg/L), CdCl2 (1 and 250mg/L) and co-exposure resulted significantly decreased compared to controls (p < 0.05). Regarding GST activity, a slight increase in seeds exposed to 1000mg/L n-TiO2 but no significantly was observed, however both n-TiO2 and CdCl2 alone (1 and 250mg/L, respectively) or in combinations caused a significant decrease in GST activity (p < 0.05). Therefore, overall data support the hypothesis that the presence of n-TiO2 do not affect the toxicity of CdCl2 at least at the highest concentration (100 and 250mg/L) in radish seeds. Morphological alterations in nuclei, vacuoles and shape of radish root cells were observed upon single Cd exposure and not abolished in the presence of n-TiO2. Nevertheless, although n-TiO2 seems not to reduce Cd toxicity at high concentration (up to 250mg/L), interactions cannot be excluded based on obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Roshan Manesh
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environment Science-DSFTA, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - G Grassi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environment Science-DSFTA, University of Siena, Italy
| | - E Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environment Science-DSFTA, University of Siena, Italy
| | - L F Marques-Santos
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environment Science-DSFTA, University of Siena, Italy; Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil
| | - C Faleri
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Italy
| | - G Liberatori
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environment Science-DSFTA, University of Siena, Italy
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environment Science-DSFTA, University of Siena, Italy
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Manfra L, Rotini A, Bergami E, Grassi G, Faleri C, Corsi I. Comparative ecotoxicity of polystyrene nanoparticles in natural seawater and reconstituted seawater using the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 145:557-563. [PMID: 28800530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The impact of nanoplastics using model polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs), anionic (PS-COOH) and cationic (PS-NH2), has been investigated on the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, a major component of marine zooplanktonic species. The role of different surface charges in affecting PS NP behaviour and toxicity has been considered in high ionic strength media. To this aim, the selected media were standardized reconstituted seawater (RSW) and natural sea water (NSW), the latter resembling more natural exposure scenarios. Hatched rotifer larvae were exposed for 24h and 48h to both PS NPs in the range of 0.5-50μg/ml using PS NP suspensions made in RSW and NSW. No effects on lethality upon exposure to anionic NPs were observed despite a clear gut retention was evident in all exposed rotifers. On the contrary, cationic NPs caused lethality to rotifer larvae but LC50 values resulted lower in rotifers exposed in RSW (LC50=2.75±0.67µg/ml) compared to those exposed in NSW (LC50=6.62±0.87µg/ml). PS NPs showed similar pattern of aggregation in both high ionic strength media (RSW and NSW) but while anionic NPs resulted in large microscale aggregates (Z-average 1109 ± 128nm and 998±67nm respectively), cationic NP aggregates were still in nano-size forms (93.99 ± 11.22nm and 108.3 ± 12.79nm). Both PDI and Z-potential of PS NPs slightly differed in the two media suggesting a role of their different surface charges in affecting their behaviour and stability. Our findings confirm the role of surface charges in nanoplastic behaviour in salt water media and provide a first evidence of a different toxicity in rotifers using artificial media (RSW) compared to natural one (NSW). Such evidence poses the question on how to select the best medium in standardized ecotoxicity assays in order to properly assess their hazard to marine life in natural environmental scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Manfra
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA) Rome, Italy; Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Naples, Italy.
| | - A Rotini
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - E Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - G Grassi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - C Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
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50
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Seravalle G, Brambilla G, Quarti Trevano F, Dell'oro R, Prata Pizzalla D, Ravaro S, Oliverio G, Mancia G, Grassi G. 273Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is related to sympathetic neural drive and baroreflex sensitivity in hypertensive patients. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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