1
|
Li Q, Ma S, Liu Y, Wu X, Fu H, Tu X, Yan S, Zhang L, George C, Chen J. Phase State Regulates Photochemical HONO Production from NaNO 3/Dicarboxylic Acid Mixtures. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:7516-7528. [PMID: 38629947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Field observations of daytime HONO source strengths have not been well explained by laboratory measurements and model predictions up until now. More efforts are urgently needed to fill the knowledge gaps concerning how environmental factors, especially relative humidity (RH), affect particulate nitrate photolysis. In this work, two critical attributes for atmospheric particles, i.e., phase state and bulk-phase acidity, both influenced by ambient RH, were focused to illuminate the key regulators for reactive nitrogen production from typical internally mixed systems, i.e., NaNO3 and dicarboxylic acid (DCA) mixtures. The dissolution of only few oxalic acid (OA) crystals resulted in a remarkable 50-fold increase in HONO production compared to pure nitrate photolysis at 85% RH. Furthermore, the HONO production rates (PHONO) increased by about 1 order of magnitude as RH rose from <5% to 95%, initially exhibiting an almost linear dependence on the amount of surface absorbed water and subsequently showing a substantial increase in PHONO once nitrate deliquescence occurred at approximately 75% RH. NaNO3/malonic acid (MA) and NaNO3/succinic acid (SA) mixtures exhibited similar phase state effects on the photochemical HONO production. These results offer a new perspective on how aerosol physicochemical properties influence particulate nitrate photolysis in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Shuaishuai Ma
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), 20 Cuiniao Road, Shanghai 202162, PR China
| | - Xiang Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences and Planning, Nanchang 330000, PR China
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Christian George
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, Villeurbanne F-69626, France
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhan L, Chen S, Xin Y, Lv J, Fu H, Gao D, Jiang F, Zhou X, Wang N, Lee PS. Dual-Responsive MXene-Functionalized Wool Yarn Artificial Muscles. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2402196. [PMID: 38650164 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Fiber-based artificial muscles are promising for smart textiles capable of sensing, interacting, and adapting to environmental stimuli. However, the application of current artificial muscle-based textiles in wearable and engineering fields has largely remained a constraint due to the limited deformation, restrictive stimulation, and uncomfortable. Here, dual-responsive yarn muscles with high contractile actuation force are fabricated by incorporating a very small fraction (<1 wt.%) of Ti3C2Tx MXene/cellulose nanofibers (CNF) composites into self-plied and twisted wool yarns. They can lift and lower a load exceeding 3400 times their own weight when stimulated by moisture and photothermal. Furthermore, the yarn muscles are coiled homochirally or heterochirally to produce spring-like muscles, which generated over 550% elongation or 83% contraction under the photothermal stimulation. The actuation mechanism, involving photothermal/moisture-mechanical energy conversion, is clarified by a combination of experiments and finite element simulations. Specifically, MXene/CNF composites serve as both photothermal and hygroscopic agents to accelerate water evaporation under near-infrared (NIR) light and moisture absorption from ambient air. Due to their low-cost facile fabrication, large scalable dimensions, and robust strength coupled with dual responsiveness, these soft actuators are attractive for intelligent textiles and devices such as self-adaptive textiles, soft robotics, and wearable information encryption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuxiang Zhan
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shaohua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yangyang Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jian Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hongbo Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dace Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xinran Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ni Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu D, Zhang AL, Zheng JS, Ye MW, Li F, Qian GC, Shi HB, Jin XH, Huang LP, Mei JG, Mei GH, Xu Z, Fu H, Lin JJ, Ye HZ, Zheng Y, Hua LL, Yang M, Tong JM, Chen LL, Zhang YY, Yang DH, Zhou YL, Li HW, Lan YL, Xu YL, Feng JY, Chen X, Gong M, Chen ZM, Wang YS. [A multicenter prospective study on early identification of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:317-322. [PMID: 38527501 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20231121-00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore potential predictors of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in early stage. Methods: The prospective multicenter study was conducted in Zhejiang, China from May 1st, 2019 to January 31st, 2020. A total of 1 428 patients with fever >48 hours to <120 hours were studied. Their clinical data and oral pharyngeal swab samples were collected; Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA in pharyngeal swab specimens was detected. Patients with positive Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA results underwent a series of tests, including chest X-ray, complete blood count, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and procalcitonin. According to the occurrence of RMPP, the patients were divided into two groups, RMPP group and general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) group. Measurement data between the 2 groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between clinical data and RMPP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyse the power of the markers for predicting RMPP. Results: A total of 1 428 patients finished the study, with 801 boys and 627 girls, aged 4.3 (2.7, 6.3) years. Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA was positive in 534 cases (37.4%), of whom 446 cases (83.5%) were diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, including 251 boys and 195 girls, aged 5.2 (3.3, 6.9) years. Macrolides-resistant variation was positive in 410 cases (91.9%). Fifty-five cases were with RMPP, 391 cases with GMPP. The peak body temperature before the first visit and LDH levels in RMPP patients were higher than that in GMPP patients (39.6 (39.1, 40.0) vs. 39.2 (38.9, 39.7) ℃, 333 (279, 392) vs. 311 (259, 359) U/L, both P<0.05). Logistic regression showed the prediction probability π=exp (-29.7+0.667×Peak body temperature (℃)+0.004×LDH (U/L))/(1+exp (-29.7+0.667×Peak body temperature (℃)+0.004 × LDH (U/L))), the cut-off value to predict RMPP was 0.12, with a consensus of probability forecast of 0.89, sensitivity of 0.89, and specificity of 0.67; and the area under ROC curve was 0.682 (95%CI 0.593-0.771, P<0.01). Conclusion: In MPP patients with fever over 48 to <120 hours, a prediction probability π of RMPP can be calculated based on the peak body temperature and LDH level before the first visit, which can facilitate early identification of RMPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Xu
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - A L Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - J S Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - M W Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanmen People's Hospital, Taizhou 317199, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing 312099, China
| | - G C Qian
- Department of Pediatrics, Changxing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou 313199, China
| | - H B Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315048, China
| | - X H Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 317099, China
| | - L P Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhoushan Women and Children's Hospital, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - J G Mei
- Department of Pediatrics, Cixi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ningbo 315331, China
| | - G H Mei
- Department of Pediatrics, Quzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Quzhou 324003, China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313099, China
| | - H Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengsi People's Hospital, Zhoushan 202450, China
| | - J J Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Lishui City People's Hospital, Lishui 323050, China
| | - H Z Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313099, China
| | - Y Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou 324002, China
| | - L L Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - M Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanmen People's Hospital, Taizhou 317199, China
| | - J M Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Changxing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou 313199, China
| | - L L Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 317099, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - D H Yang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Y L Zhou
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - H W Li
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Y L Lan
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Y L Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhoushan Women and Children's Hospital, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - J Y Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, Cixi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ningbo 315331, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313099, China
| | - M Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou 324002, China
| | - Z M Chen
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Y S Wang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang Y, Xu P, Zhang C, Fu H, Lau H, Wang W. Region-Aware Color Smudging. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2024; PP:1-13. [PMID: 38478442 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2024.3374210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Color smudge operations from digital painting software enable users to create natural shading effects in high-fidelity paintings by interactively mixing colors. To precisely control results in traditional painting software, users tend to organize flat-filled color regions in multiple layers and smudge them to generate different color gradients. However, the requirement to carefully deal with regions makes the smudging process time-consuming and laborious, especially for non-professional users. This motivates us to investigate how to infer user-desired smudging effects when users smudge over regions in a single layer. To investigate improving color smudge performance, we first conduct a formative study. Following the findings of this study, we design SmartSmudge, a novel smudge tool that offers users dynamical smudge brushes and real-time region selection for easily generating natural and efficient shading effects. We demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed tool via a user study and quantitative analysis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang W, Liu Y, Wang T, Ge Q, Li K, Liu J, You W, Wang L, Xie L, Fu H, Chen J, Zhang L. Significantly Accelerated Photosensitized Formation of Atmospheric Sulfate at the Air-Water Interface of Microdroplets. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6580-6590. [PMID: 38427385 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The multiphase oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) to form sulfate is a complex and important process in the atmosphere. While the conventional photosensitized reaction mainly explored in the bulk medium is reported to be one of the drivers to trigger atmospheric sulfate production, how this scheme functionalizes at the air-water interface (AWI) of aerosol remains an open question. Herein, employing an advanced size-controllable microdroplet-printing device, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis, nanosecond transient adsorption spectrometer, and molecular level theoretical calculations, we revealed the previously overlooked interfacial role in photosensitized oxidation of SO2 in humic-like substance (HULIS) aerosol, where a 3-4 orders of magnitude increase in sulfate formation rate was speculated in cloud and aerosol relevant-sized particles relative to the conventional bulk-phase medium. The rapid formation of a battery of reactive oxygen species (ROS) comes from the accelerated electron transfer process at the AWI, where the excited triplet state of HULIS (3HULIS*) of the incomplete solvent cage can readily capture electrons from HSO3- in a way that is more efficient than that in the bulk medium fully blocked by water molecules. This phenomenon could be explained by the significantly reduced desolvation energy barrier required for reagents residing in the AWI region with an open solvent shell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Kejian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Juan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Wenbo You
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Longqian Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Lifang Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples' Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, Peoples' Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Jing S, Wang Y, Song Z, Xie L, Shang X, Fu H, Yang X, Wang H, Wu M, Chen Y, Li Q, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang L, Wang R, Fang M, Zhang Y, Li W, Zhao D, Li C, Rudich Y, Wang L, Zhang R, Liu W, Wanger TC, Yu S, Chen J. Quantification and Characterization of Fine Plastic Particles as Considerable Components in Atmospheric Fine Particles. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:4691-4703. [PMID: 38323401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The negative effects of air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particles with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm), on human health, climate, and ecosystems are causing significant concern. Nevertheless, little is known about the contributions of emerging pollutants such as plastic particles to PM2.5 due to the lack of continuous measurements and characterization methods for atmospheric plastic particles. Here, we investigated the levels of fine plastic particles (FPPs) in PM2.5 collected in urban Shanghai at a 2 h resolution by using a novel versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system that concentrates ambient aerosols up to 10-fold. The FPPs were analyzed offline using the combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques that distinguished FPPs from other carbon-containing particles. The average FPP concentrations of 5.6 μg/m3 were observed, and the ratio of FPPs to PM2.5 was 13.2% in this study. The FPP sources were closely related to anthropogenic activities, which pose a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Given the dramatic increase in plastic production over the past 70 years, this study calls for better quantification and control of FPP pollution in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Siyuan Jing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems & Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lifang Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaona Shang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Thermo Fisher Scientific China, No. 2517 Jinke Road 27, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Thermo Fisher Scientific China, No. 2517 Jinke Road 27, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Minghuo Wu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yinjuan Chen
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Qing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuzhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Weijun Li
- School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Defeng Zhao
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Renhe Zhang
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Thomas C Wanger
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems & Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
- China Rice Network, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Global Agroforestry Network, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Shaocai Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu M, Xu T, Xu K, Guo YK, Yu L, Xu HY, Cai XT, Fu H. [Characteristics and changes of cardiac injury with age in children of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a prospective cohort study]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:223-230. [PMID: 38378283 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230905-00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the characteristics and changes of cardiac injury with age in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and its clinical significance. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted. The 215 patients diagnosed with DMD in West China Second Hospital from January 2019 to November 2022 and aged from 6 to 18 years were enrolled. Their clinical data, myocardial injury markers, routine electrocardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and echocardiography were collected. The patients were divided into five age groups: 6-<8, 8-<10, 10-<12, 12-<14 and 14-18 years of age, and matched with healthy boys respectively. Independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the clinical data and CMR indexes between DMD patients and controls in all age subgroups, and to compare the value of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by echocardiography and CMR in each subgroup of DMD patitents. Pearson correlation analysis or Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relation between the CMR indexes and age in DMD patients. Results: A total of 215 patients with DMD (all male) and 122 healthy boys were included in the study. There were 75 DMD patients and 23 controls in 6-<8 years of age group, 77 DMD and 28 controls in 8-<10 years of age group, 39 DMD and 23 controls in 10-<12 years of age group, 10 DMD and 31 controls in the 12-<14 years of age group, and 14 DMD and 17 controls in 14-18 years of age group. In the DMD patients, the older the age, the lower the levels of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB). In the 6-<8 years of age group, the CK level was 10 760 (7 800, 15 757) U/L, while in the group of 14-18 years of age, it was 2 369 (1 480, 6 944) U/L. As for CK-MB, it was (189±17) μg/L in the 6-<8 years of age group and (62±16) μg/L in the 14-18 years of age group. Cardiac troponin I remained unchanged in <12 years of age groups, but significantly increased in 12-<14 years of age group, reaching the highest value of 0.112 (0.006, 0.085) μg/L. In the DMD patients, the older the age, the higher the proportion of abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG). In the 6-<8 years of age group, the proportion is 29.3% (22/75), while in the 14-18 years of age group, it was 10/14. Correlation analysis showed that the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index was positively related with age (r=0.18, P=0.015), and the left ventricular stroke volume index and cardiac output index were negatively related with age (r=-0.34 and -0.31, respectively, both P<0.001). In the DMD patients, the older the age, the lower LVEF, with the LVEF decreasing to (49.3±3.1)% in the 14-18 years of age group. The LVEF of DMD cases was significantly lower than that of controls in the age subgroups of 8-<10, 10-<12, 12-<14 and 14-18 years of age groups ((57.9±5.2) % vs. (63.6±0.8)%, 60.7% (55.9%, 61.9%) vs. 63.7% (60.2%, 66.0%), 57.1% (51.8%, 63.4%) vs. 62.1 % (59.5%, 64.5)%, (49.3±3.1) % vs. (61.6±1.3)%, respectively; all P<0.01). In the DMD patients, the older the age, the higher the proportion of positive late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). In the 6-<8 years of age group, it was 22% (11/51), in the 12-<14 years of age group, it was 13/14, and in the 14-18 years of age group, all DMD showed positive LGE. The value of LVEF of DMD cases measured by echocardiography was significantly higher than that measured by CMR in 6-<8 years of age group and 8-<10 years of age group (63.2% (60.1%, 66.4%) vs. 59.1 % (55.4%, 62.9%), and (62.8±5.2) % vs. (57.9±5.2)%, all P<0.001). Conclusion: DMD patients develop cardiac injury in the early stage of the disease, and the incidence of cardiac damage gradually increases with both age and the progression of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Hu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - T Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - K Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y K Guo
- Department of Radiology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L Yu
- Department of Medical Record Management, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - H Y Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X T Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - H Fu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defect of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ye HP, Fu H, Shao J, Shan XY, Zhang L, Zhang L. [The method of determination for 2, 3-Butanedione in the air of workplace by high performance liquid chromatography with derivatization]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2024; 42:129-132. [PMID: 38403422 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20221201-00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To establish a method for the determination of 2, 3-Butanedione (BUT) in the air of workplace, which including the process of collection by absorption in phosphoric acid aqueous solution and the process of analysis and detection by high performance liquid chromatography with derivatization. Methods: In October 2022, a porous glass plate absorption tube containing 10 ml of 0.01% phosphoric acid solution was used to collect BUT in the air of the workplace at a flow rate of 0.2 L/min. The absorption solution was derived by 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine for 75 min and separated on a SB-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) . At the column temperature of 30 ℃, the mixture of acetonitrile-water (V∶V, 1∶1) was eluted at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. It was detected by UV detector (λ=365 nm) , qualitatived by retention time and quantitatived by external standard. Results: It showed that BUT in phosphoric acid aqueous solution could be stored for at least 7 d at 4 ℃. There was a linear relationship within the determination range of 0.05-6.00 μg/ml, the linear regression equation was y=89.610x+0.133, r=0.9999. The sampling absorption efficiencies were 98.33%-100.00%, the detection limit of the method was 0.005 μg/ml, the minimum detection concentration was 0.016 mg/m(3) (based on V(0)=3.0 L) . The recovery rates were 95.96%-102.44%, the intra batch precision were 4.36%-7.78%, and the inter batch precision were 4.96%-6.06%. Conclusion: The method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and good accuracy. It can prevent the loss and degradation of BUT. It can be used for the determination of BUT in the air of workplace.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H P Ye
- Health Testing Department, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - H Fu
- Health Testing Department, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - J Shao
- Health Testing Department, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - X Y Shan
- Health Testing Department, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - L Zhang
- Health Testing Department, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - L Zhang
- Health Testing Department, Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu AA, Cao CJ, Zhang L, Li JT, Fu H, Zhu KQB. [Application of Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process to construct the evaluation index system of healthy enterprises]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2024; 42:112-117. [PMID: 38403419 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20221201-00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Explore the application of Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process to explore the construction of scientific, objective and comprehensive evaluation index system for healthy enterprise construction and promote the construction of healthy enterprises. Methods: In October 2022, through Delphi expert consultation and analytic hierarchy process, the indexes were screened and the weights of the indexes were determined, and the evaluation index system of healthy enterprises was established. Results: The positive coefficients of experts in the two rounds were all 100.00%, the authority coefficient of experts was 0.82, the coefficients of variation of the indexes in the two rounds were all less than 0.30. The coordination coefficients of experts in the first and second rounds were 0.64 and 0.77, respectively (P<0.001) . After two rounds of Delphi method expert consultation, a healthy enterprise evaluation index system including 4 first-level indexes, 14 second-level indexes, and 63 third-level indexes was constructed. Conclusion: The constructed health enterprise evaluation index system is highly scientific and reliable, covering the main factors of healthy enterprise construction, and providing a reliable and quantifiable basis and self-assessment basis for the establishment of healthy enterprises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Zhu
- Medical Science and Education Department of Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - C J Cao
- Dean's Office of Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - L Zhang
- Dean's Office of Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - J T Li
- Health City Evaluation Department of Hangzhou Municipal Health City Guidance Center, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - H Fu
- Occupational Health Department of Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - K Q B Zhu
- School of Pubilic Health of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khoo JR, Chan PK, Wen C, Lau LCM, Leung TKC, Luk MH, Chan VWK, Cheung A, Cheung MH, Fu H, Chiu KY. Feasible non-surgical options for management of knee osteoarthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Hong Kong Med J 2024; 30:56-61. [PMID: 38369959 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J R Khoo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K Chan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L C M Lau
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T K C Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M H Luk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - V W K Chan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M H Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Y Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Z, Chen J, Fu H, Zhao J, Chen SY, Gao L. Text2Face: Text-based Face Generation with Geometry and Appearance Control. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2024; PP:1-12. [PMID: 38165798 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3349050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of various techniques proposed for text-based human face generation and manipulation. Such methods, targeting bridging the semantic gap between text and visual contents, provide users with a deft hand to turn ideas into visuals via text interface and enable more diversified multimedia applications. However, due to the flexibility of linguistic expressiveness, the mapping from sentences to desired facial images is clearly many-to-many, causing ambiguities during text-to-face generation. To alleviate these ambiguities, we introduce a local-to-global framework with two graph neural networks (one for geometry and the other for appearance) embedded to model the inter-dependency among facial parts. This is based upon our key observation that the geometry and appearance attributes among different facial components are not mutually independent, i.e., the combinations of part-level facial features are not arbitrary and thus do not conform to a uniform distribution. By learning from the dataset distribution and enabling recommendations given partial descriptions of human faces, these networks are highly suitable for our text-to-face task. Our method is capable of generating high-quality attribute-conditioned facial images from text. Extensive experiments have confirmed the superiority and usability of our method over the prior art.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li R, Gao Y, Han Y, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Fu H, Wang G. Elucidating the mechanisms of rapid O 3 increase in North China Plain during COVID-19 lockdown period. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167622. [PMID: 37806584 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) levels in North China Plain (NCP) suffered from rapid increases during the COVID-19 period. Many previous studies have confirmed more rapid NOx reduction compared with VOCs might be responsible for the O3 increase during this period, while the comprehensive impacts of each VOC species and NOx on ambient O3 and their interactions with meteorology were not revealed clearly. To clarify the detailed reasons for the O3 increase, a continuous campaign was performed in a typical industrial city of NCP. Meanwhile, the machine-learning technique and the box model were employed to reveal the mechanisms of O3 increase from the perspective of meteorology and photochemical process, respectively. The result suggested that the ambient O3 level in Tangshan increased from 18.7 ± 4.63 to 45.6 ± 8.52 μg/m3 (143%) during COVID-19 lockdown, and the emission reduction and meteorology contributed to 54 % and 46 % of this increment, respectively. The lower wind speed (WS) coupled with regional transport played a significant role on O3 increase (30.8 kg/s). The O3 sensitivity verified that O3 production was highly volatile organic compounds (VOC)-sensitive (Relative incremental reactivity (RIR): 0.75), while the NOx showed the negative impact on O3 production in Tangshan (RIR: -0.59). It suggested that the control of VOCs rather than NOx might be more effective in reducing O3 level in Tangshan because it was located on the VOC-limited regime. Besides, both of ozone formation potential (OFP) analysis and observation-based model (OBM) demonstrated that the alkenes (36.3 ppb) and anthropogenic oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) (15.2 ppb) showed the higher OFP compared with other species, and their reactions released a large number of HO2 and RO2 radicals. Moreover, the concentrations of these species did not experience marked decreases during COVID-19 lockdown, which were major contributors to O3 increase during this period. This study also underlined the necessity of priority controlling alkenes and OVOCs across the NCP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Yining Gao
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tangshan Ecological Environment Publicity and Education Center, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Tangshan Ecological Environment Publicity and Education Center, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Gehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu D, Lau M, Gao L, Fu H. Sketch Beautification: Learning Part Beautification and Structure Refinement for Sketches of Man-made Objects. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-14. [PMID: 38145518 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3346995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel freehand sketch beautification method, which takes as input a freely drawn sketch of a man-made object and automatically beautifies it both geometrically and structurally. Beautifying a sketch is challenging because of its highly abstract and heavily diverse drawing manner. Existing methods are usually confined to their limited training samples and thus cannot beautify freely drawn sketches with both geometric and structural variations. To address this challenge, we adopt a divide-and-combine strategy. Specifically, we first parse an input sketch into semantic components, beautify individual components by a learned part beautification module based on part-level implicit manifolds, and then reassemble the beautified components through a structure beautification module. With this strategy, our method can go beyond the training samples and handle novel freehand sketches. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system with extensive experiments and a perceptual study.
Collapse
|
14
|
Chan HMH, Fu H, Chiu KY. Tuberculosis of the knee as a great mimicker of inflammatory arthritis: a case report. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:548-550. [PMID: 37914670 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H M H Chan
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Y Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Su W, Ye H, Chen SY, Gao L, Fu H. DrawingInStyles: Portrait Image Generation and Editing With Spatially Conditioned StyleGAN. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; 29:4074-4088. [PMID: 35635812 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3178734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The research topic of sketch-to-portrait generation has witnessed a boost of progress with deep learning techniques. The recently proposed StyleGAN architectures achieve state-of-the-art generation ability but the original StyleGAN is not friendly for sketch-based creation due to its unconditional generation nature. To address this issue, we propose a direct conditioning strategy to better preserve the spatial information under the StyleGAN framework. Specifically, we introduce Spatially Conditioned StyleGAN (SC-StyleGAN for short), which explicitly injects spatial constraints to the original StyleGAN generation process. We explore two input modalities, sketches and semantic maps, which together allow users to express desired generation results more precisely and easily. Based on SC-StyleGAN, we present DrawingInStyles, a novel drawing interface for non-professional users to easily produce high-quality, photo-realistic face images with precise control, either from scratch or editing existing ones. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations show the superior generation ability of our method to existing and alternative solutions. The usability and expressiveness of our system are confirmed by a user study.
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu L, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Du B, Wang Q, Ma Y, Liu M, Mao Y, Yang J, Li F, Fu H. Uncovering nutritional metabolites and candidate genes involved in flavonoid metabolism in Houttuynia cordata through combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 203:108059. [PMID: 37788539 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The perennial herb Houttuynia cordata has long been cultivated and used as medicinal and edible plant in Asia. Nowadays, increasing attention is attracted due to its numerous health benefits. Flavonoids are the main chemical constituents exerting pharmacological activities. In the present study, we investigated both metabolome and transcriptome of two H. cordata accessions (6# and 7#) with distinct flavonoids contents. In total 397 metabolites, i.e., 220 flavonoids, 92 amino acids and derivatives, 20 vitamins, and 65 saccharides were abundant in aboveground part. Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-galactoside were the most abundant flavonoids, which can be categorized into seven classes, namely anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanols, flavanones, flavanonols, flavones, and flavonols. Flavonols was the most abundant group. Contents of 112 flavonoids differed significantly between the two accessions, with catechin-(7,8-bc)-4α-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-dihydro-2-(3H)-one, cinchonain Id, and cinchonain Ic being the dominant flavonoid metabolites among them. Pinocembrin-7-O-neohesperidoside, pinocembrin-7-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-3-O-galactoside-4'-O-glucoside were uniquely abundant in accession 7. Transcriptome data revealed a total of 110 different expressed genes related to flavonoid metabolism, with more highly expressed genes observed in 7#. We annotated a total of 19 differential flavonoid metabolites and 34 differentially expressed genes that are associated with the flavonoid metabolic network. Based on the transcriptome and qPCR data a total of 8 key candidate genes involved in flavonoid metabolism were identified. The ANS gene were found to play an important role in the synthesis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, while the CHI, F3'H and FLS genes were mainly responsible for controlling the levels of flavanones, flavones, and flavonols, respectively. Collectively, the present study provides important insights into the molecular mechanism underlying flavonoid metabolism in H. cordata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China; Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China
| | - Yanping Mao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Jingtian Yang
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China
| | - Furong Li
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao R, Shao H, Shi G, Qiu Y, Tang T, Lin Y, Chen S, Huang C, Liao S, Chen J, Fu H, Liu J, Shen J, Liu T, Xu B, Zhang Y, Yang Y. The Role of Radiotherapy in Patients with Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma after Brentuximab Vedotin and -/or Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e499. [PMID: 37785568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Brentuximab vedotin (BV) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) had important roles in the treatment of relapse or refractory (R/R) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Treatment of refractory disease after BV and -/or ICIs remains a challenge. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiotherapy for R/R HL after failure to BV or ICIs. MATERIALS/METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients in two institutions with R/R HL who had failed after first-line therapy, and were refractory to BV or ICIs, and received radiotherapy (RT) thereafter. The overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 19 patients were enrolled. First-line systemic therapy consisted of ABVD (84.2%), AVD + ICIs (10.5%) and BEACOPP (5.3%), respectively. After first-line therapy, 15 patients (78.9%) were refractory, and 4 patients (21.1%) relapsed. After diagnosis of R/R HL, 8 patients (42.1%) received BV, and 17 patients (89.5%) received ICIs. RT was delivered in all 19 patients who failed after BV or ICIs. In 16 efficacy-evaluable patients, the ORR and CR rate were 100% and 100%. The median DOR was 17.2 months (range, 7.9 to 46.7 months). 3 patients progressed at outside of the radiation field. The in-field-response rate was 100%. The 12-month PFS and OS were 84.4% and 100%, respectively. No patients were reported with sever adverse events. CONCLUSION This study concluded that radiotherapy was effective and safe for refractory HL after BV or ICIs. Further prospective studies were warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - H Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guang Zhou, China
| | - G Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fuzhou, China
| | - T Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - C Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - S Liao
- Department of PET/CT Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- Follow-Up Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - H Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - J Shen
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fuzhou, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fuzhou, China
| | - B Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Sun Yat Sen University Cancer Hospital, Guandzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luo Z, Du D, Zhu H, Yu Y, Fu H, Han X. SketchMetaFace: A Learning-based Sketching Interface for High-fidelity 3D Character Face Modeling. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-15. [PMID: 37467083 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3291703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Modeling 3D avatars benefits various application scenarios such as AR/VR, gaming, and filming. Character faces contribute significant diversity and vividity as a vital component of avatars. However, building 3D character face models usually requires a heavy workload with commercial tools, even for experienced artists. Various existing sketch-based tools fail to support amateurs in modeling diverse facial shapes and rich geometric details. In this paper, we present SketchMetaFace - a sketching system targeting amateur users to model high-fidelity 3D faces in minutes. We carefully design both the user interface and the underlying algorithm. First, curvature-aware strokes are adopted to better support the controllability of carving facial details. Second, considering the key problem of mapping a 2D sketch map to a 3D model, we develop a novel learning-based method termed "Implicit and Depth Guided Mesh Modeling" (IDGMM). It fuses the advantages of mesh, implicit, and depth representations to achieve high-quality results with high efficiency. In addition, to further support usability, we present a coarse-to-fine 2D sketching interface design and a data-driven stroke suggestion tool. User studies demonstrate the superiority of our system over existing modeling tools in terms of the ease to use and visual quality of results. Experimental analyses also show that IDGMM reaches a better trade-off between accuracy and efficiency.
Collapse
|
19
|
Duan ZM, Shen ZY, Hu Y, Wang KF, Fu H, Wang CL, Xie LX, Xie F. [The application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:1885-1891. [PMID: 37402668 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221226-02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients. Methods: A total of 78 patients with immunocompromised pulmonary infection [55 males and 23 females, aged (50.3±16.9) years] and 61 patients with non-immunocompromised pulmonary infection [42 males and 19 females, aged (63.6±15.9) years] in the Intensive Care Unit of the First Medical Center of College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital from November 2018 to May 2022 were retrospectively selected. Patients in both groups received bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mNGS and conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) while clinically diagnosed with pulmonary infection. The diagnostic positive rate, pathogen detection rate and clinical coincidence rate of the two methods were compared. At the same time, the difference of adjustment rate of anti-infective treatment strategy based on the results of mNGS detection was compared between the two groups. Results: The positive rates of mNGS in patients with pulmonary infection were 94.9% (74/78) and 82.0% (50/61) in the immunocompromised group and the non-immunocompromised group, respectively. The positive rates of CMTs in patients with pulmonary infection were 64.1% (50/78) and 75.4% (46/61) in the immunocompromised group and the non-immunocompromised group, respectively. The positive rates of mNGS and CMTs in patients with pulmonary infection in immunocompromised group showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The detection rates of mNGS in the immunocompromised group for pneumocystis jirovecii and cytomegalovirus were 41.0% (32/78) and 37.2% (29/78), respectively, and the detection rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, chlamydia psittaci and Legionella pneumophila were 16.4% (10/61), 9.8% (6/61) and 8.2% (5/61) in the non-immunocompromised patients, respectively, which were higher than those of CMTs [1.3% (1/78), 7.7% (6/78), 4.9% (3/61), 0 and 0] (all P<0.05). In the immunocompromised group, the clinical coincidence rates of mNGS and CMTs and were 89.7% (70/78) and 43.6% (34/78), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). In the non-immunocompromised group, the clinical coincidence rates of mNGS and CMTs were 83.6% (51/61) and 62.3% (38/61), with a statistically significant difference (P=0.008). In the immunocompromised group, according to the results of the etiology of mNGS, the adjustment rate of anti-infection treatment strategy was 87.2% (68/78), while in the non-immunocompromised group, the adjustment rate of anti-infective treatment strategy was 60.7% (37/61), with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion: In patients with immunocompromised pulmonary infection, mNGS has more advantages than CMTs in diagnostic positive rate, diagnosis rate of mixed infection, pathogen detection rate and guidance of anti-infection treatment strategy adjustment, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z M Duan
- College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z Y Shen
- epartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinjiang Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province, Jinjiang 362200, China
| | - Y Hu
- College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - K F Wang
- College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H Fu
- College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - C L Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - L X Xie
- College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - F Xie
- College of the Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li L, Fu H, Ovsjanikov M. WSDesc: Weakly Supervised 3D Local Descriptor Learning for Point Cloud Registration. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; 29:3368-3379. [PMID: 35294352 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3160005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a novel method called WSDesc to learn 3D local descriptors in a weakly supervised manner for robust point cloud registration. Our work builds upon recent 3D CNN-based descriptor extractors, which leverage a voxel-based representation to parameterize local geometry of 3D points. Instead of using a predefined fixed-size local support in voxelization, we propose to learn the optimal support in a data-driven manner. To this end, we design a novel differentiable voxelization layer that can back-propagate the gradient to the support size optimization. To train the extracted descriptors, we propose a novel registration loss based on the deviation from rigidity of 3D transformations, and the loss is weakly supervised by the prior knowledge that the input point clouds have partial overlap, without requiring ground-truth alignment information. Through extensive experiments, we show that our learned descriptors yield superior performance on existing geometric registration benchmarks.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao QW, Chen SH, Li XM, Gao JL, Fu H, Dai JM. [The mediating effect of resilience on anxiety and subjective well-being in occupational population]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:434-438. [PMID: 37400404 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20211206-00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the current situation of anxiety, subjective well-being in occupational population and the mediating effect of resilience. Methods: From March 24th to 26th, 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among occupational population aged ≥18 years old using online questionnaires. A total of 2134 valid questionnaires were obtained, with respondents from 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Their general demographic data, subjective well-being, anxiety, and resilience were collected. Pearson χ(2) test and Spearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis, and structural equation model was used to explore the mediating effect of resilience on anxiety and subjective well-being. Results: The age of the respondents ranged from 18 to 60 years old, with an average age of (31.19±7.09) years old, including 1075 (50.4%) women and 1059 (49.6%) men. The positive rates of low subjective well-being and anxiety were 46.5% (992/2134) and 28.4% (607/2134), respectively. Anxiety scores were significantly negatively correlated with subjective well-being scores and resilience scores (r(s)=-0.52, -0.41, P<0.05), while resilience was significantly positively correlated with subjective well-being (r(s)=0.32, P<0.05). Structural equation models showed that anxiety had a negative predictive effect on subjective well-being, while resilience not only had a positive predictive effect on subjective well-being, but also played a mediating role between anxiety and subjective well-being, with a mediating effect of 9.9%. Conclusion: The situation of anxiety and well-being in the occupational population is still not optimistic, and resilience has a mediating effect between anxiety and subjective well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q W Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S H Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X M Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J L Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Fu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Dai
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jiang F, Thangavel G, Zhou X, Adit G, Fu H, Lv J, Zhan L, Zhang Y, Lee PS. Ferroelectric Modulation in Flexible Lead-Free Perovskite Schottky Direct-Current Nanogenerator for Capsule-Like Magnetic Suspension Sensor. Adv Mater 2023:e2302815. [PMID: 37272692 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tribovoltaic nanogenerator (TVNG), a promising semiconductor energy technology, displays outstanding advantages such as low matching impedance and continuous direct-current output. However, the lack of controllable and stable performance modulation strategies is still a major bottleneck that impedes further practical applications of TVNG. Herein, by leveraging the ferroelectricity-enhanced mechanism and the control of interfacial energy band bending, we construct a lead-free perovskite-based [3,3-difluorocyclobutylammonium]2 CuCl4 ((DF-CBA)2 CuCl4 )/Al Schottky junction TVNG. The multiaxial ferroelectricity of (DF-CBA)2 CuCl4 enables an excellent surface charge modulating capacity, realizing a high work function regulation of ∼ 0.7 eV and over 15-fold current regulation (from 6 μA to 93 μA) via an electrical poling control. The controllable electrical poling leads to elevated work function difference between Al electrode and (DF-CBA)2 CuCl4 compared to traditional semiconductors and halide perovskites, which creates a stronger built-in electric field at the Schottky interface to enhance the electrical output. This TVNG device exhibits outstanding flexibility and long-term stability (> 20000 cycles) that can endure extreme mechanical deformations, and can also be used in a capsule-like magnetic suspension device capable of detecting vibration and weights of different objects as well as harvesting energy from human motions and water waves. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of Tsinghua, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gurunathan Thangavel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xinran Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gupta Adit
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hongbo Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jian Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Liuxiang Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abbas A, Muhammad SA, Ashar A, Mehfooz SA, Rauf A, Bakhsh M, Nadeem T, Fu H. Comparison of the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and extract of Acorus calamus applied topically on surgical wounds inflicted on the skin of rabbits. Pol J Vet Sci 2023; 26:285-293. [PMID: 37389426 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are used for postsurgical wound healing purposes but unfortunately, resistance against them demands some alternatives for quick recovery. Sepsis of wounds is a challenge for medical as well as veterinary professionals. Nanoparticles have significant advantages in wound treatment and drug resistance reversal. This study was conducted to appreciate emerging alternates of antibiotics like zinc oxide nanoparticles and plant extracts in topical application. Zinc oxide is considered a good wound healer and its nanoparticles are easy to access. So, the efficacies of zinc oxide nanoparticles and sweet flag plant extract ointments were tested to compare modern and traditional therapeutics as sweet flag is considered a pure medicinal plant. Rabbits were selected for this study due to the healing properties of their skin. Wounds were inflicted on the thoracolumbar region and treated for 29 days post-surgically daily with normal saline and the ointment of zinc oxide nanoparticles and sweet flag extract ointment, prepared in a hydrophilic solvent. Wound shrinkage was observed daily and histopathological analysis was made and results were compared. Zinc oxide nanoparticles ointment showed the most satisfactory results for every parameter included in the study. No side effects of its topical application were observed. Healing was normal without any complications. The preparations of zinc oxide nanoparticles may help in the era of antibiotic resistance as topical drugs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - S A Muhammad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - A Ashar
- Wilson College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - S A Mehfooz
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - A Rauf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - M Bakhsh
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - T Nadeem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Para Veterinary Institute (PVI), Karor 31100, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - H Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhai GY, Sun TN, Li X, Ye M, Wang CG, Zu XL, Yang D, Fu H, Qi SY, Zhou YJ, Gao H. [A prospective study on the safety and efficacy of excimer laser coronary angioplasty for the treatment of degenerated great saphenous vein graft]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:490-496. [PMID: 37198120 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220815-00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) for the treatment of degenerated great saphenous vein graft (SVG). Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, single-arm study. Patients, who were admitted to the Geriatric Cardiovascular Center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2022 to June 2022, were consecutively enrolled. Inclusion criteria were recurrent chest pain after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), and coronary angiography confirmed that the SVG stenosis was more than 70% but not completely occluded, and interventional treatment for SVG lesions was planned. Before balloon dilation and stent placement, ELCA was used to pretreat the lesions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination was performed and postoperative index of microcirculation resistance (IMR) were assessed after stent implantation. The technique success rate and operation success rate were calculated. The technique success was defined as the successful passage of the ELCA system through the lesion. Operation success was defined as the successful placement of a stent at the lesion. The primary evaluation index of the study was IMR immediately after PCI. Secondary evaluation indexes included thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade, corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC), minimal stent area and stent expansion measured by OCT after PCI, and procedural complications (Ⅳa myocardial infarction, no reflow, perforation). Results: A total of 19 patients aged (66.0±5.6) years were enrolled, including 18 males (94.7%). The age of SVG was 8 (6, 11) years. The length of the lesions was greater than 20 mm, and they were all SVG body lesions. The median stenosis degree was 95% (80%, 99%), and the length of the implanted stent was (41.7±16.3)mm. The operation time was 119 (101, 166) minutes, and the cumulative dose was 2 089 (1 378, 3 011)mGy. The diameter of the laser catheter was 1.4 mm, the maximum energy was 60 mJ, and the maximum frequency was 40 Hz. The technique success and the operation success rate were both 100% (19/19). The IMR after stent implantation was 29.22±5.95. The TIMI flow grade of patients after ELCA and stent implantation was significantly improved (all P>0.05), and the TIMI flow grade of all patients after stent implantation was Grade Ⅲ. The cTFC decreased significantly after ELCA (33.2±7.8) and after stent placement (22.8±7.1) than preoperative level (49.7±13.0) (both P<0.001). The minimum stent area was (5.53±1.36)mm2, and the stent expansion rate was (90.0±4.3)%. Perforation, no reflow, type Ⅳa myocardial infarction and other complications were not observed. However, postoperative high-sensitivity troponin level was significantly increased ((67.937±33.839)ng/L vs. (5.316±3.105)ng/L, P<0.001). Conclusion: ELCA is safe and effective in the treatment of SVG lesions and could improve microcirculation and ensure full expansion of stent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Y Zhai
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - T N Sun
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X Li
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - M Ye
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C G Wang
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X L Zu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - D Yang
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H Fu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - S Y Qi
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y J Zhou
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H Gao
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chan PK, Chan TCW, Mak CYH, Chan THM, Chan SHW, Wong SSC, Fu H, Cheung A, Chan VWK, Cheung MH, Cheung CW, Chiu KY. Pain Relief After Total Knee Arthroplasty with Intravenous and Periarticular Corticosteroid: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023; Publish Ahead of Print:00004623-990000000-00809. [PMID: 37220180 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.22.01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a cost-effective procedure, but it is also associated with substantial postoperative pain. The present study aimed to compare pain relief and functional recovery after TKA among groups that received intravenous corticosteroids, periarticular corticosteroids, or a combination of both. METHODS This randomized, double-blinded clinical trial in a local institution in Hong Kong recruited 178 patients who underwent primary unilateral TKA. Six of these patients were excluded because of changes in surgical technique; 4, because of their hepatitis B status; 2, because of a history of peptic ulcer; and 2, because they declined to participate in the study. Patients were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive placebo (P), intravenous corticosteroids (IVS), periarticular corticosteroids (PAS), or a combination of intravenous and periarticular corticosteroids (IVSPAS). RESULTS The pain scores at rest were significantly lower in the IVSPAS group than in the P group over the first 48 hours (p = 0.034) and 72 hours (p = 0.043) postoperatively. The pain scores during movement were also significantly lower in the IVS and IVSPAS groups than in the P group over the first 24, 48, and 72 hours (p ≤ 0.023 for all). The flexion range of the operatively treated knee was significantly better in the IVSPAS group than in the P group on postoperative day 3 (p = 0.027). Quadriceps power was also greater in the IVSPAS group than in the P group on postoperative days 2 (p = 0.005) and 3 (p = 0.007). Patients in the IVSPAS group were able to walk significantly further than patients in the P group in the first 3 postoperative days (p ≤ 0.003). Patients in the IVSPAS group also had a higher score on the Elderly Mobility Scale than those in the P group (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS IVS and IVSPAS yielded similar pain relief, but IVSPAS yielded a larger number of rehabilitation parameters that were significantly better than those in the P group. This study provides new insights into pain management and postoperative rehabilitation following TKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Chan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - T C W Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - C Y H Mak
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - T H M Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S H W Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S S C Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - H Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - A Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - V W K Chan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - M H Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - C W Cheung
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - K Y Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fu Q, He S, Li X, Fu H. PlanNet: A Generative Model for Component-Based Plan Synthesis. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-13. [PMID: 37167051 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3275200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel generative model named as PlanNet for component-based plan synthesis. The proposed model consists of three modules, a wave function collapse algorithm to create large-scale wireframe patterns as the embryonic forms of floor plans, and two deep neural networks to outline the plausible boundary from each squared pattern, and meanwhile estimate the potential semantic labels for the components. In this manner, we use PlanNet to generate a large-scale component-based plan dataset with 10 K examples. Given an input boundary, our method retrieves dataset plan examples with similar configurations to the input, and then transfers the space layout from a user-selected plan example to the input. Benefiting from our interactive workflow, users can recursively subdivide individual components of the plans to enrich the plan contents, thus designing more complex plans for larger scenes. Moreover, our method also adopts a random selection algorithm to make the variations on semantic labels of the plan components, aiming at enriching the 3D scenes that the output plans are suited for. To demonstrate the quality and versatility of our generative model, we conduct intensive experiments, including the analysis of plan examples and their evaluations, plan synthesis with both hard and soft boundary constraints, and 3D scenes designed with the plan subdivision on different scales. We also compare our results with the state-of-the-art floor plan synthesis methods to validate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed generative model.
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang SK, Tam H, Li Y, Ren KX, Fu H, Zhang SH. SceneDirector: Interactive Scene Synthesis by Simultaneously Editing Multiple Objects in Real-Time. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-13. [PMID: 37083513 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3268115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent tools for creating synthetic scenes have been developed significantly in recent years. Existing techniques on interactive scene synthesis only incorporate a single object at every interaction, i.e., crafting a scene through a sequence of single-object insertions with user preferences. These techniques suggest objects by considering existent objects in the scene instead of fully picturing the eventual result, which is inherently problematic since the sets of objects to be inserted are seldom fixed during interactive processes. In this article, we introduce SceneDirector, a novel interactive scene synthesis tool to help users quickly picture various potential synthesis results by simultaneously editing groups of objects. Specifically, groups of objects are rearranged in real-time with respect to a position of an object specified by a mouse cursor or gesture, i.e., a movement of a single object would trigger the rearrangement of the existing object group, the insertions of potentially appropriate objects, and the removal of redundant objects. To achieve this, we first propose an idea of coherent group set which expresses various concepts of layout strategies. Subsequently, we present layout attributes, where users can adjust how objects are arranged by tuning the weights of the attributes. Thus, our method gives users intuitive control of both how to arrange groups of objects and where to place them. Through extensive experiments and two applications, we demonstrate the potentiality of our framework and how it enables concurrently effective and efficient interactions of editing groups of objects.
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang SS, Chen H, Huang J, Fu H, Hu SM. Real-Time Globally Consistent 3D Reconstruction With Semantic Priors. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; 29:1977-1991. [PMID: 34941511 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2021.3137912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining global consistency continues to be critical for online 3D indoor scene reconstruction. However, it is still challenging to generate satisfactory 3D reconstruction in terms of global consistency for previous approaches using purely geometric analysis, even with bundle adjustment or loop closure techniques. In this article, we propose a novel real-time 3D reconstruction approach which effectively integrates both semantic and geometric cues. The key challenge is how to map this indicative information, i.e., semantic priors, into a metric space as measurable information, thus enabling more accurate semantic fusion leveraging both the geometric and semantic cues. To this end, we introduce a semantic space with a continuous metric function measuring the distance between discrete semantic observations. Within the semantic space, we present an accurate frame-to-model semantic tracker for camera pose estimation, and semantic pose graph equipped with semantic links between submaps for globally consistent 3D scene reconstruction. With extensive evaluation on public synthetic and real-world 3D indoor scene RGB-D datasets, we show that our approach outperforms the previous approaches for 3D scene reconstruction both quantitatively and qualitatively, especially in terms of global consistency.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sun YT, Fu QC, Jiang YR, Liu Z, Lai YK, Fu H, Gao L. Human Motion Transfer With 3D Constraints and Detail Enhancement. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 2023; 45:4682-4693. [PMID: 36018870 DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2022.3201904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new method for realistic human motion transfer using a generative adversarial network (GAN), which generates a motion video of a target character imitating actions of a source character, while maintaining high authenticity of the generated results. We tackle the problem by decoupling and recombining the posture information and appearance information of both the source and target characters. The innovation of our approach lies in the use of the projection of a reconstructed 3D human model as the condition of GAN to better maintain the structural integrity of transfer results in different poses. We further introduce a detail enhancement net to enhance the details of transfer results by exploiting the details in real source frames. Extensive experiments show that our approach yields better results both qualitatively and quantitatively than the state-of-the-art methods.
Collapse
|
30
|
Li YW, Li Z, Song HC, Ding L, Ji SS, Zhang M, Qu YL, Sun Q, Zhu YD, Fu H, Cai JY, Li CF, Han YY, Zhang WL, Zhao F, Lyu YB, Shi XM. [Association between urinary arsenic level and serum testosterone in Chinese men aged 18 to 79 years]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:686-692. [PMID: 36977566 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221110-01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between the urinary arsenic level and serum total testosterone in Chinese men aged 18 to 79 years. Methods: A total of 5 048 male participants aged 18 to 79 years were recruited from the China National Human Biomonitoring (CNHBM) from 2017 to 2018. Questionnaires and physical examinations were used to collect information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, food intake frequency and health status. Venous blood and urine samples were collected to detect the level of serum total testosterone, urine arsenic and urine creatinine. Participants were divided into three groups (low, middle, and high) based on the tertiles of creatinine-adjusted urine arsenic concentration. Weighted multiple linear regression was fitted to analyze the association of urinary arsenic with serum total testosterone. Results: The weighted average age of 5 048 Chinese men was (46.72±0.40) years. Geometric mean concentration (95%CI) of urinary arsenic, creatinine-adjusted urine arsenic and serum testosterone was 22.46 (20.08, 25.12) μg/L, 19.36 (16.92, 22.15) μg/L and 18.13 (17.42, 18.85) nmol/L, respectively. After controlling for covariates, compared with the low-level urinary arsenic group, the testosterone level of the participants in the middle-level group and the high-level group decreased gradually. The percentile ratio (95%CI) was -5.17% (-13.14%, 3.54%) and -10.33% (-15.68%, -4.63). The subgroup analysis showed that the association between the urinary arsenic level and testosterone level was more obvious in the group with BMI<24 kg/m2 group (Pinteraction<0.05). Conclusion: There is a negative association between the urinary arsenic level and serum total testosterone in Chinese men aged 18-79 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y W Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Z Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H C Song
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Ding
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S S Ji
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - M Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y L Qu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y D Zhu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H Fu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Y Cai
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - C F Li
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Y Y Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W L Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - F Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y B Lyu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X M Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang X, Lv Q, Chen G, Zhang J, Wei Z, Dong J, Fu H, Zhu Z, Liu J, Jin X. MobileSky: Real-Time Sky Replacement for Mobile AR. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-17. [PMID: 37030763 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3257840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We present MobileSky, the first automatic method for real-time high-quality sky replacement for mobile AR applications. The primary challenge of this task is how to extract sky regions in camera feed both quickly and accurately. While the problem of sky replacement is not new, previous methods mainly concern extraction quality rather than efficiency, limiting their application to our task. We aim to provide higher quality, both spatially and temporally consistent sky mask maps for all camera frames in real time. To this end, we develop a novel framework that combines a new deep semantic network called FSNet with novel post-processing refinement steps. By leveraging IMU data, we also propose new sky-aware constraints such as temporal consistency, position consistency, and color consistency to help refine the weakly classified part of the segmentation output. Experiments show that our method achieves an average of around 30 FPS on off-the-shelf smartphones and outperforms the state-of-the-art sky replacement methods in terms of execution speed and quality. In the meantime, our mask maps appear to be visually more stable across frames. Our fast sky replacement method enables several applications, such as AR advertising, art making, generating fantasy celestial objects, visually learning about weather phenomena, and advanced video-based visual effects. To facilitate future research, we also create a new video dataset containing annotated sky regions with IMU data.
Collapse
|
32
|
Qu L, Shang J, Han X, Fu H. ReenactArtFace: Artistic Face Image Reenactment. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-13. [PMID: 37028041 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3253184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale datasets and deep generative models have enabled impressive progress in human face reenactment. Existing solutions for face reenactment have focused on processing real face images through facial landmarks by generative models. Different from real human faces, artistic human faces (e.g., those in paintings, cartoons, etc.) often involve exaggerated shapes and various textures. Therefore, directly applying existing solutions to artistic faces often fails to preserve the characteristics of the original artistic faces (e.g., face identity and decorative lines along face contours) due to the domain gap between real and artistic faces. To address these issues, we present ReenactArtFace, the first effective solution for transferring the poses and expressions from human videos to various artistic face images. We achieve artistic face reenactment in a coarse-to-fine manner. First, we perform 3D artistic face reconstruction, which reconstructs a textured 3D artistic face through a 3D morphable model (3DMM) and a 2D parsing map from an input artistic image. The 3DMM can not only rig the expressions better than facial landmarks but also render images under different poses/expressions as coarse reenactment results robustly. However, these coarse results suffer from self-occlusions and lack contour lines. Second, we thus perform artistic face refinement by using a personalized conditional adversarial generative model (cGAN) fine-tuned on the input artistic image and the coarse reenactment results. For high-quality refinement, we propose a contour loss to supervise the cGAN to faithfully synthesize contour lines. Quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that our method achieves better results than the existing solutions.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang L, Fu H, Zhao J, Wang J, Dong S, Yuan X, Li X, Chen M. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family in Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica L.). Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1138. [PMID: 36904001 PMCID: PMC10005783 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a critical superfamily of multifunctional enzymes in plants. As a ligand or binding protein, GSTs regulate plant growth and development and detoxification. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv) could respond to abiotic stresses through a highly complex multi-gene regulatory network in which the GST family is also involved. However, GST genes have been scarcely studied in foxtail millet. Genome-wide identification and expression characteristics analysis of the foxtail millet GST gene family were conducted by biological information technology. The results showed that 73 GST genes (SiGSTs) were identified in the foxtail millet genome and were divided into seven classes. The chromosome localization results showed uneven distribution of GSTs on the seven chromosomes. There were 30 tandem duplication gene pairs belonging to 11 clusters. Only one pair of SiGSTU1 and SiGSTU23 were identified as fragment duplication genes. A total of ten conserved motifs were identified in the GST family of foxtail millet. The gene structure of SiGSTs is relatively conservative, but the number and length of exons of each gene are still different. The cis-acting elements in the promoter region of 73 SiGST genes showed that 94.5% of SiGST genes possessed defense and stress-responsive elements. The expression profiles of 37 SiGST genes covering 21 tissues suggested that most SiGST genes were expressed in multiple organs and were highly expressed in roots and leaves. By qPCR analysis, we found that 21 SiGST genes were responsive to abiotic stresses and abscisic acid (ABA). Taken together, this study provides a theoretical basis for identifying foxtail millet GST family information and improving their responses to different stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi 661100, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiagang Wang
- National Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding (in preparation), Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Shuqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Mingxun Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fu Q, Zhang F, Li X, Fu H. Magic Furniture: Design Paradigm of Multi-function Assembly. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-12. [PMID: 37028007 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3250488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Assembly-based furniture with movable parts enables shape and structure reconfiguration, thus supporting multiple functions. Although a few attempts have been made for facilitating the creation of multi-function objects, designing such a multi-function assembly with the existing solutions often requires high imagination of designers. We develop the Magic Furniture system for users to easily create such designs simply given multiple cross-category objects. Our system automatically leverages the given objects as references to generate a 3D model with movable boards driven by back-and-forth movement mechanisms. By controlling the states of these mechanisms, a designed multi-function furniture object can be reconfigured to approximate the shapes and functions of the given objects. To ensure the designed furniture easy to transform between different functions, we perform an optimization algorithm to choose a proper number of movable boards and determine their shapes and sizes, following a set of design guidelines. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system through various multi-function furniture designed with different sets of reference inputs and various movement constraints. We also evaluate the design results through several experiments including comparative and user studies.
Collapse
|
35
|
Fu H, Jiang Y, Lv J, Huang Y, Gai Z, Liu Y, Lee PS, Xu H, Wu D. Multilayer Dielectric Elastomer with Reconfigurable Electrodes for Artificial Muscle. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2206094. [PMID: 36658692 PMCID: PMC10037966 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High-performance multilayer dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are well-positioned to overcome the insufficient output force and energy density as artificial muscles. However, due to the fabrication process, the multilayer DEAs with nonmodifiable structures often suffer from the limitation of short lifespans and scalable preparation. Herein, reusable multilayer DEAs with the detachable and reconfigurable structure are fabricated. This is achieved by realizing scalable compliant electrodes using the continuous spatial confining forced network assembly (CSNA) method and combining the vacuum lamination (VL) approach to have good attachability and detachability with the VHB dielectric elastomer. The flexible roller-based CSNA method is used to prepare the large area compliant electrodes composed of α, ω-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane and electrically conductive nanoparticles. The fabricated electrodes can continuously work over 10 000 cycles at 40% strained stretching and maintain smooth surfaces to construct multilayer DEAs. Moreover, owing to the detachable configuration of the DEAs, the electrodes can also be recovered and reused for building new actuators. The lower limb assistive device is demonstrated by detachable multilayer spring roll DEAs, achieving approximately 3.1 degrees of flexion and extension movement of knee models under a voltage of 7 kV. The detachable and reconfigurable multilayer DEAs shed new light on the applications of wearable assistive devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Fu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Yong Jiang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Jian Lv
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
| | - Yao Huang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Zipeng Gai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
- Singapore‐HUJI Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE)Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR)Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE)Singapore138602Singapore
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Daming Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wen H, Pan Z, Wang X, Li K, Wang Q, Luo J, Fu H, Zhang L, Wang Z. Dissolution behaviors of a visible-light-responsive photocatalyst BiVO 4: Measurements and chemical equilibrium modeling. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130187. [PMID: 36327834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite of the extensive research in semiconductor photocatalysis with respect to material and device innovations, much of the fundamental aquatic chemistry of those new materials that governs their environmental hazard and implications remains poorly understood. BiVO4 has long been recognized as a promising visible-light-responsive photocatalyst. However, the solubility product (Ksp) of BiVO4 and the mechanistic understanding of the non-stoichiometric dissolution of BiVO4 remain unclear. Here, we investigated the solubility of BiVO4 via the observation on its non-stoichiometric dissolution in the pH range of 4-9. Combining dissolution experiments, adsorption behavior and thermodynamic equilibrium calculations, the Ksp of BiVO4 was determined to be 10-35.81±0.51. The solubility and stability of BiVO4 were strongly pH-dependent, with the lowest solubility and highest stability near pH 5. Furthermore, we tested the effect of illumination on the dissolution of BiVO4, which was significantly enhanced by light. Under both dark and illumination conditions, adsorption of dissolved bismuth by BiVO4 solids was the main reason for the non-stoichiometric dissolution of BiVO4, and could be modeled by including an additional surface complexation reaction. Thus, the results highlighted the importance of considering the dissolution of photocatalysts, and presented a feasible method to evaluate environmental stability and risks of other semiconductor materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Wen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zezhen Pan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kejian Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qihuang Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinming Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zimeng Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wen YH, Gao L, Fu H, Zhang FL, Xia S, Liu YJ. Motif-GCNs With Local and Non-Local Temporal Blocks for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 2023; 45:2009-2023. [PMID: 35471870 DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2022.3170511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent works have achieved remarkable performance for action recognition with human skeletal data by utilizing graph convolutional models. Existing models mainly focus on developing graph convolutional operations to encode structural properties of a skeletal graph, whose topology is manually predefined and fixed over all action samples. Some recent works further take sample-dependent relationships among joints into consideration. However, the complex relationships between arbitrary pairwise joints are difficult to learn and the temporal features between frames are not fully exploited by simply using traditional convolutions with small local kernels. In this paper, we propose a motif-based graph convolution method, which makes use of sample-dependent latent relations among non-physically connected joints to impose a high-order locality and assigns different semantic roles to physical neighbors of a joint to encode hierarchical structures. Furthermore, we propose a sparsity-promoting loss function to learn a sparse motif adjacency matrix for latent dependencies in non-physical connections. For extracting effective temporal information, we propose an efficient local temporal block. It adopts partial dense connections to reuse temporal features in local time windows, and enrich a variety of information flow by gradient combination. In addition, we introduce a non-local temporal block to capture global dependencies among frames. Our model can capture local and non-local relationships both spatially and temporally, by integrating the local and non-local temporal blocks into the sparse motif-based graph convolutional networks (SMotif-GCNs). Comprehensive experiments on four large-scale datasets show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/wenyh1616/SAMotif-GCN.
Collapse
|
38
|
Fu H, Crosby AJ. Determining the elasto-adhesion length by void collapse in ultra-soft materials. Soft Matter 2023; 19:932-937. [PMID: 36629321 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The elasto-adhesion length (lEA) is a materials property that describes the size scale where the relative importance of adhesion and elastic forces transitions for defined structures and functions. Conventional approaches for determining lEA require independent measurements of the critical energy release rate (Gc) and Young's modulus (E). Herein, we introduce a new method to obtain lEA, only relying upon visual inspection. This method relies upon the introduction of a controlled void within a soft material, for example an ultra-soft hydrogel as studied here. The geometry of the void within the hydrogel is tuned to control the relative strength of adhesion and elastic energy, and a relationship between the observed equilibrium configuration of the void and lEA is derived. We validate this new method with independent force-based contact adhesion tests. This method allows for the easy measurement of lEA for difficult-to-handle soft materials and can be amended for various chemistries and materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Fu
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Polymer Science and Engineering, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Alfred J Crosby
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Polymer Science and Engineering, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fu H, Wang L, Zhang W, Lu J, Yang M. Diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound for sarcopenia diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:57-70. [PMID: 36513380 PMCID: PMC9891970 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle ultrasound is an emerging tool for diagnosing sarcopenia. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. We collected data from Ovid Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Diagnostic test accuracy studies using muscle ultrasound to detect sarcopenia were included. Bivariate random-effects models based on sensitivity and specificity pairs were used to calculate the pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curves (AUCs) of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC), if possible. We screened 7332 publications and included 17 studies with 2143 participants (mean age range: 52.6-82.8 years). All included studies had a high risk of bias. The study populations, reference standards and ultrasound measurement methods varied across the studies. Lower extremity muscles were commonly studied, whereas muscle thickness (MT) was the most widely measured parameter, followed by the cross-sectional area (CSA). The MTs of the gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, soleus, rectus abdominis and geniohyoid muscles showed a moderate diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia (SROC-AUC 0.83, 8 studies; SROC-AUC 0.78, 5 studies; AUC 0.82, 1 study; AUC 0.76-0.78, 2 studies; AUC 0.76, 1 study; and AUC 0.79, 1 study, respectively), whereas the MTs of vastus intermedius, quadriceps femoris and transversus abdominis muscles showed a low diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.67-0.71, 3 studies; SROC-AUC 0.64, 4 studies; and AUC 0.68, 1 study, respectively). The CSA of rectus femoris, biceps brachii muscles and gastrocnemius fascicle length also showed a moderate diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.70-0.90, 3 studies; 0.81, 1 study; and 0.78-0.80, 1 study, respectively), whereas the echo intensity (EI) of rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, quadriceps femoris and biceps brachii muscles showed a low diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.52-0.67, 2 studies; 0.48-0.50, 1 study; 0.43-0.49, 1 study; and 0.69, 1 study, respectively). The combination of CSA and EI of biceps brachii or rectus femoris muscles was better than either CSA or EI alone for diagnosing sarcopenia. Muscle ultrasound shows a low-to-moderate diagnostic test accuracy for sarcopenia diagnosis depending on different ultrasound parameters, measured muscles, reference standards and study populations. The combination of muscle quality indicators (e.g., EI) and muscle quantity indicators (e.g., MT) might provide better diagnostic test accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Fu
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Medical Insurance Office, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang Z, Wen YH, Chen SY, Liu X, Gao Y, Liu YJ, Gao L, Fu H. Keyframe Control of Music-driven 3D Dance Generation. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-12. [PMID: 37021894 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3235538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
For 3D animators, choreography with artificial intelligence has attracted more attention recently. However, most existing deep learning methods mainly rely on music for dance generation and lack sufficient control over generated dance motions. To address this issue, we introduce the idea of keyframe interpolation for music-driven dance generation and present a novel transition generation technique for choreography. Specifically, this technique synthesizes visually diverse and plausible dance motions by using normalizing flows to learn the probability distribution of dance motions conditioned on a piece of music and a sparse set of key poses. Thus, the generated dance motions respect both the input musical beats and the key poses. To achieve a robust transition of varying lengths between the key poses, we introduce a time embedding at each timestep as an additional condition. Extensive experiments show that our model generates more realistic, diverse, and beat-matching dance motions than the compared state-of-the-art methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Our experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the keyframe-based control for improving the diversity of the generated dance motions.
Collapse
|
41
|
Jiang YR, Chen SY, Fu H, Gao L. Identity-Aware and Shape-Aware Propagation of Face Editing in Videos. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:1-12. [PMID: 37018564 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3235364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of deep generative models has inspired various facial image editing methods, but many of them are difficult to be directly applied to video editing due to various challenges ranging from imposing 3D constraints, preserving identity consistency, ensuring temporal coherence, etc. To address these challenges, we propose a new framework operating on the StyleGAN2 latent space for identity-aware and shape-aware edit propagation on face videos. In order to reduce the difficulties of maintaining the identity, keeping the original 3D motion, and avoiding shape distortions, we disentangle the StyleGAN2 latent vectors of human face video frames to decouple the appearance, shape, expression, and motion from identity. An edit encoding module is used to map a sequence of image frames to continuous latent codes with 3D parametric control and is trained in a self-supervised manner with identity loss and triple shape losses. Our model supports propagation of edits in various forms: I. direct appearance editing on a specific keyframe, II. implicit editing of face shape via a given reference image, and III. existing latent-based semantic edits. Experiments show that our method works well for various forms of videos in the wild and outperforms an animation-based approach and the recent deep generative techniques.
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu J, Saquib N, Zhu-Tian C, Kazi RH, Wei LY, Fu H, Tai CL. PoseCoach: A Customizable Analysis and Visualization System for Video-Based Running Coaching. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2022; PP:1-15. [PMID: 37015423 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3230855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Videos are an accessible form of media for analyzing sports postures and providing feedback to athletes. Existing sport-specific systems embed bespoke human pose attributes and thus can be hard to scale for new attributes, especially for users without programming experiences. Some systems retain scalability by directly showing the differences between two poses, but they might not clearly visualize the key differences that viewers would like to pursue. Besides, video-based coaching systems often present feedback on the correctness of poses by augmenting videos with visual markers or reference poses. However, previewing and augmenting videos limit the analysis and visualization of human poses due to the fixed viewpoints in videos, which confine the observation of captured human movements and cause ambiguity in the augmented feedback. To address these issues, we study customizable human pose data analysis and visualization in the context of running pose attributes, such as joint angles and step distances. Based on existing literature and a formative study, we have designed and implemented a system, PoseCoach, to provide feedback on running poses for amateurs by comparing the running poses between a novice and an expert. PoseCoach adopts a customizable data analysis model to allow users' controllability in defining pose attributes of their interests through our interface. To avoid the influence of viewpoint differences and provide intuitive feedback, PoseCoach visualizes the pose differences as part-based 3D animations on a human model to imitate the demonstration of a human coach. We conduct a user study to verify our design components and conduct expert interviews to evaluate the usefulness of the system.
Collapse
|
43
|
Tan J, Su H, Itahashi S, Tao W, Wang S, Li R, Fu H, Huang K, Fu JS, Cheng Y. Quantifying the wet deposition of reactive nitrogen over China: Synthesis of observations and models. Sci Total Environ 2022; 851:158007. [PMID: 35970459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accurate estimation on reaction nitrogen (Nr) deposition is highly demanded for assessing the impacts on the environment and human beings. This study investigated the wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen (IN) in mainland China by measurements from over 500 sites from five observational networks/databases and ensemble results of eleven chemical transport models (CTMs). Each data source has its focus and limitations and together formed a comprehensive view over China. But the inconsistency among different sources may hinder the appropriate usage of data. Model evaluation results demonstrated the models' deficiency in simulating the wet NO3- deposition over Southeast China (40 % underestimation) and showed an overall underestimation of wet NH4+ deposition over the hotspot regions (5-60 % underestimation). A synthesis of this study and twelve reference studies was conducted to quantify the national amount of wet IN deposition. The estimations by CTMs ranged 2.4-3.9 Tg(N) yr-1 for wet NOy deposition and 4-6.7 Tg(N) yr-1 for wet NHx deposition, after adjusting the results with 10-19 % underestimations in wet NOy deposition and 1-40 % underestimations in wet NHx deposition. The estimations by ground observations ranged 7.1-9 Tg(N) yr-1 for wet NOy deposition and 8-13.1 Tg(N) yr-1 for wet NHx deposition, which were 20-275 % higher than the estimation by CTMs, but the results were strongly influenced by the abundances and representative of measurements. Studies using statistical techniques to interpolate site observations predicted 3-5.5 Tg(N) yr-1 for wet NOy deposition and 3.9-7.2 Tg(N) yr-1 for wet NHx deposition. This approach benefited from high accuracy and good robustness of the statistical models, but the uncertainty in the interpolation methods could be a potential drawback.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Tan
- Minerva Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany; Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hang Su
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany.
| | - Syuichi Itahashi
- Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba 270-1194, Japan
| | - Wei Tao
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Siwen Wang
- Minerva Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany; Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Rui Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Joshua S Fu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Yafang Cheng
- Minerva Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang F, Wei Y, Sun C, Yuan M, Zeng W, Liu C, Fu H. Pinoxaden Degradation Characteristics of Acinetobacter pittobacter and Prediction of Related Genes. Microbiology (Reading) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002626172210109x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
45
|
Chiang CY, Lin HH, Fu H. Assessment of TB patient cost – what about the mitigation strategy? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:1101-1103. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C-Y. Chiang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical
University, Taipei, Taiwan, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - H-H. Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H. Fu
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hu YT, Fu H, Yang DF, Wang X, Xu WB. [Comparative study of decompression of unilateral biportal endoscopic compared to laminectomy with fusion and internal fixation in the treatment of severe lumbar spinal stenosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:3281-3287. [PMID: 36319180 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220720-01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopy unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (UBE-ULBD) to posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the treatment of severe lumbar spinal stenosis (SLSS). Methods: The clinical data of 64 patients with SLSS treated with PLIF and UBE-ULBD in Dalian Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University from April 2018 to April 2021 were collected and divided into UBE group and PLIF group according to the different surgical procedures. There were 30 cases in the UBE group, including 12 males and 18 females, aged (69.8±6.8) years. There were 34 patients in the PLIF group, including 15 males and 19 females, aged (69.3±6.3) years. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical complications, the volume of drainage, transfusion, post-operative bed rest time, postoperative hospital stay, surgical costs of both groups were recorded and analyzed. The visual analogue scales (VAS) of back/leg pain (pre-operation and 1 d, 1 month, 6 month, 12 month post-operation) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) (pre-operation and 1 month, 6 month, 12 month post-operation) were used to determine the outcome. And the dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA) and Schizas grade of both groups preoperatively and 6 month postoperatively were recorded. Results: The operation time in the UBE group was (69.2±8.0) min, it was lower than that in the PLIF group (139.0±15.3) min (P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss and drainage in the UBE group were (19.5±5.6) ml and (15.0±10.8) ml, which were both lower than those in the PILF group [(212.4±34.1) ml and (169.6±43.8) ml] (both P<0.05). The postoperative bed rest time and hospital stay in the UBE group were (1.8±0.7) days and (3.0±0.9) days, which were both shorter than those in the PLIF group [(4.5±1.4) days and (7.1±1.7) days] (both P<0.05). The surgical cost was also lower in the UBE group than that in the PLIF group [RMB,(18.4±1.0) thousands yuan vs (33.9±2.4) thousands yuan, P<0.05]. In addition, no patient received blood transfusion in the UBE group. Dural sac tear occurred in 2 cases in the UBE group and in 3 cases in PLIF group; nerve root injury and infection occurred in one case in the PLIF group, respectively. In the PLIF group, the VAS of back pain was not significantly improved 1 day after operation when compared with that before the operation, but it significantly improved 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after operation (all P<0.05). The VAS for back pain at 1 day after operation and ODI at 1 month after operation in the UBE group were significantly superior to those in the PLIF group (both P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the two groups in the VAS for back pain at 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after operation and ODI at 6 months and 1 year after operation. Both groups got significant canal expansion after the surgery and the PLIF group showed larger canal expansion extent (all P<0.05). Both groups improved significantly after surgery in the Schizas grade, there were 25 cases in UBE group improved to grade A, 5 cases to grade B while 30 cases in PLIF group improved to grade A, 4 cases to grade B, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: ULBD-UBE could achieve full decompression of the whole spinal canal with limited structures damage in treating SLSS. Compared with PLIF, UBE-ULBD could get complete decompression as well as less iatrogenic damage, it may be an ideal alternative surgical technique for SLSS with less invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Hu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - H Fu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - D F Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
| | - X Wang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - W B Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Soft materials interfaces can develop complex morphologies, such as cavities or finger-like features, during separation as a result of a mechanical instability. While the onset and growth of these instabilities have been investigated previously for interfaces between rigid and soft materials, no existing predictive model provides insight for controlling the separation morphology associated with these instabilities when both "sides" of the interface are soft. Here, we expand previous models to account for the geometry and materials properties of two soft materials that form an interface. The total compliance of the system, which depends nonlinearly on the thickness of each contacting soft material, plays a primary role in governing the morphology of the separating interface. We validate this model with experimental measurements using a series of soft elastomers with varying layer thicknesses and fixed materials properties, in order to emphasize the geometry alone can give rise to the observed differences in the interface separation process. This model also demonstrates that the degree of geometric asymmetry, or the ratio of the layer thicknesses that form an interface, influences the stress experienced in either layer, thus providing a rich means of controlling how unstable interface separations develop and propagate. This framework is a powerful tool to understand and control adhesion mechanisms in fields ranging from biology to soft robotics, and provides intuition for engineering a separation mode for a desired end result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elayne M Thomas
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Ryan C Hayward
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Alfred J Crosby
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang X, Ye H, Sandor C, Zhang W, Fu H. Predict-and-Drive: Avatar Motion Adaption in Room-Scale Augmented Reality Telepresence with Heterogeneous Spaces. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2022; 28:3705-3714. [PMID: 36049006 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3203109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Avatar-mediated symmetric Augmented Reality (AR) telepresence has emerged with the ability to empower users located in different remote spaces to interact with each other in 3D through avatars. However, different spaces have heterogeneous structures and features, which bring difficulties in synchronizing avatar motions with real user motions and adapting avatar motions to local scenes. To overcome these issues, existing methods generate mutual movable spaces or retarget the placement of avatars. However, these methods limit the telepresence experience in a small sub-area space, fix the positions of users and avatars, or adjust the beginning/ending positions of avatars without presenting smooth transitions. Moreover, the delay between the avatar retargeting and users' real transitions can break the semantic synchronization between users' verbal conversation and perceived avatar motion. In this paper, we first examine the impact of the aforementioned transition delay and explore the preferred transition style with the existence of such delay through user studies. With the results showing a significant negative effect of avatar transition delay and providing the design choice of the transition style, we propose a Predict-and-Drive controller to diminish the delay and present the smooth transition of the telepresence avatar. We also introduce a grouping component as an upgrade to immediately calculate a coarse virtual target once the user initiates a transition, which could further eliminate the avatar transition delay. Once having the coarse virtual target or an exactly predicted target, we find the corresponding target for the avatar according to the pre-constructed mapping of objects of interest between two spaces. The avatar control component maintains an artificial potential field of the space and drives the avatar towards the target while respecting the obstacles in the physical environment. We further conduct ablation studies to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed components.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite conflicting evidence, chest physiotherapy has been widely used as an adjunctive treatment for adults with pneumonia. This is an update of a review first published in 2010 and updated in 2013. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of chest physiotherapy for pneumonia in adults. SEARCH METHODS We updated our searches in the following databases to May 2022: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via OvidSP, MEDLINE via OvidSP (from 1966), Embase via embase.com (from 1974), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) (from 1929), CINAHL via EBSCO (from 2009), and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) (from 1978). SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs assessing the efficacy of chest physiotherapy for treating pneumonia in adults. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS We included two new trials in this update (540 participants), for a total of eight RCTs (974 participants). Four RCTs were conducted in the United States, two in Sweden, one in China, and one in the United Kingdom. The studies looked at five types of chest physiotherapy: conventional chest physiotherapy; osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT, which includes paraspinal inhibition, rib raising, and myofascial release); active cycle of breathing techniques (which includes active breathing control, thoracic expansion exercises, and forced expiration techniques); positive expiratory pressure; and high-frequency chest wall oscillation. We assessed four trials as at unclear risk of bias and four trials as at high risk of bias. Conventional chest physiotherapy (versus no physiotherapy) may have little to no effect on improving mortality, but the certainty of evidence is very low (risk ratio (RR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15 to 7.13; 2 trials, 225 participants; I² = 0%). OMT (versus placebo) may have little to no effect on improving mortality, but the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.50; 3 trials, 327 participants; I² = 0%). Similarly, high-frequency chest wall oscillation (versus no physiotherapy) may also have little to no effect on improving mortality, but the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.17 to 3.29; 1 trial, 286 participants). Conventional chest physiotherapy (versus no physiotherapy) may have little to no effect on improving cure rate, but the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.55; 2 trials, 225 participants; I² = 85%). Active cycle of breathing techniques (versus no physiotherapy) may have little to no effect on improving cure rate, but the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.23; 1 trial, 32 participants). OMT (versus placebo) may improve cure rate, but the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.51; 2 trials, 79 participants; I² = 0%). OMT (versus placebo) may have little to no effect on mean duration of hospital stay, but the certainty of evidence is very low (mean difference (MD) -1.08 days, 95% CI -2.39 to 0.23; 3 trials, 333 participants; I² = 50%). Conventional chest physiotherapy (versus no physiotherapy, MD 0.7 days, 95% CI -1.39 to 2.79; 1 trial, 54 participants) and active cycle of breathing techniques (versus no physiotherapy, MD 1.4 days, 95% CI -0.69 to 3.49; 1 trial, 32 participants) may also have little to no effect on duration of hospital stay, but the certainty of evidence is very low. Positive expiratory pressure (versus no physiotherapy) may reduce the mean duration of hospital stay by 1.4 days, but the certainty of evidence is very low (MD -1.4 days, 95% CI -2.77 to -0.03; 1 trial, 98 participants). Positive expiratory pressure (versus no physiotherapy) may reduce the duration of fever by 0.7 days, but the certainty of evidence is very low (MD -0.7 days, 95% CI -1.36 to -0.04; 1 trial, 98 participants). Conventional chest physiotherapy (versus no physiotherapy, MD 0.4 days, 95% CI -1.01 to 1.81; 1 trial, 54 participants) and OMT (versus placebo, MD 0.6 days, 95% CI -1.60 to 2.80; 1 trial, 21 participants) may have little to no effect on duration of fever, but the certainty of evidence is very low. OMT (versus placebo) may have little to no effect on the mean duration of total antibiotic therapy, but the certainty of evidence is very low (MD -1.07 days, 95% CI -2.37 to 0.23; 3 trials, 333 participants; I² = 61%). Active cycle of breathing techniques (versus no physiotherapy) may have little to no effect on duration of total antibiotic therapy, but the certainty of evidence is very low (MD 0.2 days, 95% CI -4.39 to 4.69; 1 trial, 32 participants). High-frequency chest wall oscillation plus fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage (versus fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage alone) may reduce the MD of intensive care unit (ICU) stay by 3.8 days (MD -3.8 days, 95% CI -5.00 to -2.60; 1 trial, 286 participants) and the MD of mechanical ventilation by three days (MD -3 days, 95% CI -3.68 to -2.32; 1 trial, 286 participants), but the certainty of evidence is very low. One trial reported transient muscle tenderness emerging after OMT in two participants. In another trial, three serious adverse events led to early withdrawal after OMT. One trial reported no adverse events after positive expiratory pressure treatment. Limitations of this review were the small sample size and unclear or high risk of bias of the included trials. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of two new trials in this update did not change the main conclusions of the original review. The current evidence is very uncertain about the effect of chest physiotherapy on improving mortality and cure rate in adults with pneumonia. Some physiotherapies may slightly shorten hospital stays, fever duration, and ICU stays, as well as mechanical ventilation. However, all of these findings are based on very low certainty evidence and need to be further validated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Jiang
- Rehabilitation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renjie Wang
- Rehabilitation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Medical Insurance Office, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Peacock CJH, Fu H, Asopa V, Clement ND, Kader D, Sochart DH. The effect of Nickel hypersensitivity on the outcome of total knee arthroplasty and the value of skin patch testing: a systematic review. Arthroplasty 2022; 4:40. [PMID: 36050799 PMCID: PMC9438335 DOI: 10.1186/s42836-022-00144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To assess the Nickel sensitizing potential of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), explore the relationship between hypersensitivity and clinical outcomes, and evaluate the utility of skin patch testing pre- and/or postoperatively.
Materials and methods
A literature search was performed through EMBASE, Medline and PubMed databases. Articles were screened independently by two investigators. The level of evidence of studies was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Criteria and the quality evaluated using the Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies and Cochrane risk-of-bias tools.
Results
Twenty studies met the eligibility criteria, reporting on 1354 knee arthroplasties. Studies included patients undergoing primary or revision TKA, pre- and/or postoperatively, and used patch testing to identify Nickel hypersensitivity. Prevalence of Nickel hypersensitivity ranged from 0% to 87.5%. One study compared the prevalence of Nickel hypersensitivity in the same patient group before and after surgery and noted newly positive patch test reactions in three patients (4.2%). Three studies reported lower prevalence of Nickel hypersensitivity in postoperative patients compared to preoperative ones. Seven studies suggested that hypersensitivity might cause adverse clinical outcomes, but six did not support any relationship. Seven studies recommended preoperative patch testing in patients with history of metal allergy, and nine concluded that testing may be valuable postoperatively.
Conclusions
Patients undergoing TKA with no prior history of metal hypersensitivity do not seem to be at an increased risk of developing Nickel hypersensitivity, and there is conflicting evidence that patients with pre-existing hypersensitivity are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Patch testing remains the most commonly used method for diagnosing hypersensitivity, and evidence suggests preoperative testing in patients with history of metal allergy to aid prosthesis selection, and postoperatively in patients with suspected hypersensitivity once common causes of implant failure have been excluded, since revision with hypoallergenic implants may alleviate symptoms.
Collapse
|