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Wang F, Liu C, Vidal I, Mana-Ay M, Voter AF, Solnes LB, Ross AE, Gafita A, Schaeffer EM, Bivalacqua TJ, Pienta KJ, Pomper MG, Lodge MA, Song DY, Oldan JD, Allaf ME, De Marzo AM, Sheikhbahaei S, Gorin MA, Rowe SP. Comparison of Multiple Segmentation Methods for Volumetric Delineation of Primary Prostate Cancer with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:87-93. [PMID: 38050147 PMCID: PMC10755517 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the accuracy of intraprostatic tumor volume measurements on prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT made with various segmentation methods. An accurate understanding of tumor volumes versus segmentation techniques is critical for therapy planning, such as radiation dose volume determination and response assessment. Methods: Twenty-five men with clinically localized, high-risk prostate cancer were imaged with 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT before radical prostatectomy. The tumor volumes and tumor-to-prostate ratios (TPRs) of dominant intraprostatic foci of uptake were determined using semiautomatic segmentation (applying SUVmax percentage [SUV%] thresholds of SUV30%-SUV70%), adaptive segmentation (using adaptive segmentation percentage [A%] thresholds of A30%-A70%), and manual contouring. The histopathologic tumor volume (TV-Histo) served as the reference standard. The significance of differences between TV-Histo and PET-based tumor volume were assessed using the paired-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to establish the strength of the association between TV-Histo and PET-derived tumor volume. Results: Median TV-Histo was 2.03 cm3 (interquartile ratio [IQR], 1.16-3.36 cm3), and median TPR was 10.16%. The adaptive method with an A40% threshold most closely determined the tumor volume, with a median difference of +0.19 (IQR, -0.71 to +2.01) and a median relative difference of +7.6%. The paired-sample Wilcoxon test showed no significant difference in PET-derived tumor volume and TV-Histo using A40%, A50%, SUV40%, and SUV50% threshold segmentation algorithms (P > 0.05). For both threshold-based segmentation methods, use of higher thresholds (e.g., SUV60% or SUV70% and A50%-A70%) resulted in underestimation of tumor volumes, and use of lower thresholds (e.g., SUV30% or SUV40% and A30%) resulted in overestimation of tumor volumes relative to TV-Histo and TPR. Manual segmentation overestimated the tumor volume, with a median difference of +2.49 (IQR, 0.42-4.11) and a median relative difference of +130%. Conclusion: Segmentation of intraprostatic tumor volume and TPR with an adaptive segmentation approach most closely approximates TV-Histo. This information might be used to guide the primary treatment of men with clinically localized, high-risk prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Wang
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Andrew F Voter
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lilja B Solnes
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ashley E Ross
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrei Gafita
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Edward M Schaeffer
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- Division of Urology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martin A Lodge
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniel Y Song
- Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Science, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jorge D Oldan
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Mohamad E Allaf
- Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sara Sheikhbahaei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael A Gorin
- Milton and Carroll Petrie Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
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González Mahave I, Lobera T, López-Matas MA, Blasco Á, Vidal I, Álvarez F, Carnés J. Sensitization to Vitis vinifera Pollen in a Wine Production Area: Identification of the Allergens Involved. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 33:383-391. [PMID: 36000827 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vine cultivation is widely distributed in La Rioja, Spain (37% of all crops) and is associated with exposure of the general population to vine pollen. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of sensitization to Vitis vinifera pollen in persons with respiratory allergy in the general population and to identify the allergens involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population comprised patients who came to the hospital between September 2019 and January 2020 with suspected respiratory allergy. All patients underwent skin prick testing with a panel of standardized aeroallergens, profilin, lipid transfer protein (LTP), and V vinifera pollen extract and prick-prick testing with fresh grapes. The in vitro study included specific IgE by ImmunoCap and ELISA, allergenic profile by immunoblot with individual sera from patients positive to V vinifera pollen extract, and 2D immunoblot with a pool of sera. The spots recognized by IgE were identified using mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 151 patients were included. Of these, 124 were positive to some of the allergens tested. Thirty-four (27.4%) were positive to vine pollen in the skin prick tests. The serology study revealed positive results in 20 patients. Five vine pollen allergens were identified, and profilin was the most prevalent (30%). The other 4 allergens could be considered specific to this pollen. CONCLUSIONS Sensitization to vine pollen was frequent in the general population in a vine growing area. The clinical relevance of this finding is unknown owing to sensitization to other pollens in the vine pollen-positive patients. Five new vine pollen allergens were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Lobera
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Á Blasco
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño, Spain
| | - I Vidal
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño, Spain
| | - F Álvarez
- R&D Unit, LETI Pharma S.L.U., Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Carnés
- R&D Unit, LETI Pharma S.L.U., Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Carrillo P, Bernal M, Téllez-Quijorna C, Marrero AD, Vidal I, Castilla L, Caro C, Domínguez A, García-Martín ML, Quesada AR, Medina MA, Martínez-Poveda B. The synthetic molecule stauprimide impairs cell growth and migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114070. [PMID: 36526536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stauprimide, a semi-synthetic derivative of staurosporine, is known mainly for its potent differentiation-enhancing properties in embryonic stem cells. Here, we studied the effects of stauprimide in cell growth and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro, evaluating its potential antitumoral activity in an orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer in vivo. Our results from survival curves, EdU incorporation, cell cycle analysis and annexin-V detection in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated that stauprimide inhibited cell proliferation, arresting cell cycle in G2/M without induction of apoptosis. A decrease in the migratory capability of MDA-MB-231 was also assessed in response to stauprimide. In this work we pointed to a mechanism of action of stauprimide involving the modulation of ERK1/2, Akt and p38 MAPK signalling pathways, and the downregulation of MYC in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, orthotopic MDA-MB-231 xenograft and 4T1 syngeneic models suggested an effect of stauprimide in vivo, increasing the necrotic core of tumors and reducing metastasis in lung and liver of mice. Together, our results point to the promising role of stauprimide as a putative therapeutic agent in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Carrillo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Bernal
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - C Téllez-Quijorna
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - A D Marrero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - I Vidal
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - L Castilla
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - C Caro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - A Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - M L García-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - A R Quesada
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Spain
| | - M A Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Spain
| | - B Martínez-Poveda
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590, Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid), Spain.
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4
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Maynard JP, Godwin TN, Lu J, Vidal I, Lotan TL, De Marzo AM, Joshu CE, Sfanos KS. Localization of macrophage subtypes and neutrophils in the prostate tumor microenvironment and their association with prostate cancer racial disparities. Prostate 2022; 82:1505-1519. [PMID: 35971807 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black men are two to three times more likely to die from prostate cancer (PCa) than White men. This disparity is due in part to discrepancies in socioeconomic status and access to quality care. Studies also suggest that differences in the prevalence of innate immune cells and heightened function in the tumor microenvironment of Black men may promote PCa aggressiveness. METHODS We evaluated the spatial localization of and quantified CD66ce+ neutrophils by immunohistochemistry and CD68+ (pan), CD80+ (M1), and CD163+ (M2) macrophages by RNA in situ hybridization on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from organ donor "normal" prostate (n = 9) and radical prostatectomy (n = 38) tissues from Black and White men. Neutrophils were quantified in PCa and matched benign tissues in tissue microarray (TMA) sets comprised of 560 White and 371 Black men. Likewise, macrophages were quantified in TMA sets comprised of tissues from 60 White and 120 Black men. The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and ETS transcription factor ERG (ERG) expression status of each TMA PCa case was assessed via immunohistochemistry. Finally, neutrophils and macrophage subsets were assessed in a TMA set comprised of distant metastatic PCa tissues collected at autopsy (n = 6) sampled across multiple sites. RESULTS CD66ce+ neutrophils were minimal in normal prostates, but were increased in PCa compared to benign tissues, in low grade compared to higher grade PCa, in PCa tissues from White compared to Black men, and in PCa with PTEN loss or ERG positivity. CD163+ macrophages were the predominant macrophage subset in normal organ donor prostate tissues from both Black and White men and were significantly more abundant in organ donor compared to prostatectomy PCa tissues. CD68,+ CD80,+ and CD163+ macrophages were significantly increased in cancer compared to benign tissues and in cancers with ERG positivity. CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages were increased in higher grade cancers compared to low grade cancer and CD80 expression was significantly higher in benign prostatectomy tissues from Black compared to White men. CONCLUSIONS Innate immune cell infiltration is increased in the prostate tumor microenvironment of both Black and White men, however the composition of innate immune cell infiltration may vary between races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janielle P Maynard
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Taylor N Godwin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiayun Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Corinne E Joshu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen S Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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5
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Ramos-Rincon JM, Alenda C, García-Sevila R, Silva-Ortega S, García-Navarro M, Vidal I, Ribes I, Portilla J, Cintas A, Moreno-Pérez O, Sánchez-Martínez R, Merino E, Aranda I. Histopathological and virological features of lung, heart and liver percutaneous tissue core biopsy in patients with COVID-19: A clinicopathological case series. Malays J Pathol 2022; 44:83-92. [PMID: 35484890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data on pathological changes in COVID-19 are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the histopathological and virological findings of postmortem biopsies, and the existing clinical correlations, in people who died of COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed postmortem needle core biopsies of the chest in 11 people who died of COVID-19 pneumonia. Tissue examination was done by light microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). RESULTS The age of the patients were between 61 to 94 years. Of the 11 postmortem chest biopsies, lung tissue was obtained in 8, myocardium tissue in 7, and liver tissue in 5. Histologically of lung, the main findings pertaining to the lung were diffuse alveolar damage in proliferative phase (n = 4, 50%), diffuse alveolar damage in exudative and proliferative phase (n = 3, 37.5%), diffuse alveolar damage in exudative (n=1; 12.5%) and acute pneumonia (n = 2, 25%). Necrotising pneumonia, acute fibrinous and organising pneumonia, and neutrophils were detected in one sample each (12.5%). Another case presented myocarditis. RT-PCR showed RNA of SARS-CoV-2 in 7 of the 8 lung samples (87.5%), 2 of the 7 myocardial tissue samples (28.6%), and 1 of the 5 liver tissue samples (20%). CONCLUSION The postmortem examinations show diffuse alveolar damage, as well as acute or necrotising pneumonia. RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2 was positive in most lung samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ramos-Rincon
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Internal Medicine Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain.
| | - C Alenda
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pathology Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - R García-Sevila
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pneumology Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - S Silva-Ortega
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pathology Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - M García-Navarro
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Internal Medicine Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - I Vidal
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Microbiology Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - I Ribes
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Internal Medicine Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Portilla
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Internal Medicine Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cintas
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Internal Medicine Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - O Moreno-Pérez
- Miguel Hernandez University, Clinical Medicine Department, Crta n332 s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Sánchez-Martínez
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Internal Medicine Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - E Merino
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Infectious Diseases Unit, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - I Aranda
- Alicante General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pathology Department, PintorBaeza, 12, 03010, Alicante, Spain
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6
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Maynard JP, Lu J, Vidal I, Hicks J, Mummert L, Ali T, Kempski R, Carter AM, Sosa RY, Peiffer LB, Joshu CE, Lotan TL, De Marzo AM, Sfanos KS. P2X4 purinergic receptors offer a therapeutic target for aggressive prostate cancer. J Pathol 2022; 256:149-163. [PMID: 34652816 PMCID: PMC8738159 DOI: 10.1002/path.5815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in American men and treatment options for metastatic PCa are limited. There is a critical need to identify new mechanisms that contribute to PCa progression, that distinguish benign from lethal disease, and that have potential for therapeutic targeting. P2X4 belongs to the P2 purinergic receptor family that is commonly upregulated in cancer and is associated with poorer outcomes. We observed P2X4 protein expression primarily in epithelial cells of the prostate, a subset of CD66+ neutrophils, and most CD68+ macrophages. Our analysis of tissue microarrays representing 491 PCa cases demonstrated significantly elevated P2X4 expression in cancer- compared with benign-tissue spots, in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and in PCa with ERG positivity or with PTEN loss. High-level P2X4 expression in benign tissues was likewise associated with the development of metastasis after radical prostatectomy. Treatment with the P2X4-specific agonist cytidine 5'-triphosphate (CTP) increased Transwell migration and invasion of PC3, DU145, and CWR22Rv1 PCa cells. The P2X4 antagonist 5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzofuro[3,2-e]-1,4-diazepin-2-one (5-BDBD) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in viability of PC3, DU145, LNCaP, CWR22Rv1, TRAMP-C2, Myc-CaP, BMPC1, and BMPC2 cells and decreased DU145 cell migration and invasion. Knockdown of P2X4 attenuated growth, migration, and invasion of PCa cells. Finally, knockdown of P2X4 in Myc-CaP cells resulted in significantly attenuated subcutaneous allograft growth in FVB/NJ mice. Collectively, these data strongly support a role for the P2X4 purinergic receptor in PCa aggressiveness and identify P2X4 as a candidate for therapeutic targeting. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janielle P. Maynard
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Correspondence to: JP Maynard, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 411 N. Caroline Street, Room B302, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Jiayun Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jessica Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Luke Mummert
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tamirat Ali
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ryan Kempski
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ayanna M. Carter
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rebecca Y. Sosa
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lauren B. Peiffer
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Corinne E. Joshu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamara L. Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen S. Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Salles DC, Asrani K, Woo J, Vidotto T, Liu HB, Vidal I, Matoso A, Netto GJ, Argani P, Lotan TL. GPNMB
expression identifies
TSC1
/2/
mTOR
‐associated and
MiT
family translocation‐driven renal neoplasms. J Pathol 2022; 257:158-171. [PMID: 35072947 PMCID: PMC9310781 DOI: 10.1002/path.5875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
GPNMB (glycoprotein nonmetastatic B) and other TFE3/TFEB transcriptional targets have been proposed as markers for microphthalmia (MiT) translocation renal cell carcinomas (tRCCs). We recently demonstrated that constitutive mTORC1 activation via TSC1/2 loss leads to increased activity of TFE3/TFEB, suggesting that the pathogenesis and molecular markers for tRCCs and TSC1/2‐associated tumors may be overlapping. We examined GPNMB expression in human kidney and angiomyolipoma (AML) cell lines with TSC2 and/or TFE3/TFEB loss produced using CRISPR–Cas9 genome editing as well as in a mouse model of Tsc2 inactivation‐driven renal tumorigenesis. Using an automated immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay for GPNMB, digital image analysis was employed to quantitatively score expression in clear cell RCC (ccRCC, n = 87), papillary RCC (papRCC, n = 53), chromophobe RCC (chRCC, n = 34), oncocytoma (n = 4), TFE3‐ or TFEB‐driven tRCC (n = 56), eosinophilic solid and cystic RCC (ESC, n = 6), eosinophilic vacuolated tumor (EVT, n = 4), and low‐grade oncocytic tumor (LOT, n = 3), as well as AML (n = 29) and perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas, n = 8). In cell lines, GPNMB was upregulated following TSC2 loss in a MiT/TFE‐ and mTORC1‐dependent fashion. Renal tumors in Tsc2+/− A/J mice showed upregulation of GPNMB compared with normal kidney. Mean GPNMB expression was significantly higher in tRCC than in ccRCC (p < 0.0001), papRCC (p < 0.0001), and chRCC (p < 0.0001). GPNMB expression in TSC1/2/MTOR alteration‐associated renal tumors (including ESC, LOT, AML, and PEComa) was comparable to that in tRCC. The immunophenotype of tRCC and TSC1/2/MTOR alteration‐associated renal tumors is highly overlapping, likely due to the increased activity of TFE3/TFEB in both, revealing an important caveat regarding the use of TFE3/TFEB‐transcriptional targets as diagnostic markers. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C. Salles
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Kaushal Asrani
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Juhyung Woo
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Thiago Vidotto
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Hans B. Liu
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Andres Matoso
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - George J. Netto
- Department of Pathology University of Alabama Birmingham Alabama USA
| | - Pedram Argani
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Tamara L. Lotan
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Department of Urology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Department of Oncology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
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8
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Gras-Valenti P, Vidal I, Montiel-Higuero I, Escribano I, Algado-Selles N, Chico-Sánchez P, Ventero MP, Jiménez-Sepulveda N, Molina-Pardines C, Merino-Lucas E, Sánchez-Payá J, Rodríguez JC. Evaluation of the validity of Ag PANBIO-COVID19 in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic or mildly infected patients. Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34:618-622. [PMID: 34549577 PMCID: PMC8638769 DOI: 10.37201/req/054.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To assess the validity of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen (Ag) detection for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in mildly infected or asymptomatic patients. Material and methods. Observational study to evaluate diagnostic tests. Non-hospitalized patients with indication for diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. The diagnostic test to be evaluated was the determination of Ag and as a reference standard to determine the presence of viral RNA the RT-PCR was used. Results. A total of 494 patients were included. Of these 71.5% (353/494) had symptoms and 28.5% (141/494) were asymptomatic (presurgery screening (35/494) and confirmed case-contact (106/494). The overall sensitivity of the Ag test was 61.1% and the specificity was 99.7%. The sensitivity and specificity in the asymptomatic group were 40% and 100% respectively, and in the symptomatic group 63.5% and 99.6% respectively. In turn, the sensitivity and specificity in the group of symptomatic patients varied according to the time of symptom evolution: in patients with recent symptoms, they were 71.4% and 99.6% respectively, while in patients with symptoms of more than 5 days of evolution, they were 26.7% and 100% respectively. In all groups studied, the presence of antigen is associated with a high viral load (Ct<30 cycles). Conclusions. The use of Ag detection test is not indicated for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic patients or with symptoms of more than 5 days of evolution, but it could be useful in patients with symptoms of 1-5 days of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M P Ventero
- Maria Paz Ventero Martín. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, C/Pintor Baeza, 12. CP:03010. Spain.
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9
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Vidal I, Zheng Q, Hicks JL, Chen J, Platz EA, Trock BJ, Kulac I, Baena-Del Valle JA, Sfanos KS, Ernst S, Jones T, Maynard JP, Glavaris SA, Nelson WG, Yegnasubramanian S, De Marzo AM. GSTP1 positive prostatic adenocarcinomas are more common in Black than White men in the United States. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241934. [PMID: 34191807 PMCID: PMC8244883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GSTP1 is a member of the Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) family silenced by CpG island DNA hypermethylation in 90-95% of prostate cancers. However, prostate cancers expressing GSTP1 have not been well characterized. We used immunohistochemistry against GSTP1 to examine 1673 primary prostatic adenocarcinomas on tissue microarrays (TMAs) with redundant sampling from the index tumor from prostatectomies. GSTP1 protein was positive in at least one TMA core in 7.7% of cases and in all TMA cores in 4.4% of cases. The percentage of adenocarcinomas from Black patients who had any GSTP1 positive TMA cores was 14.9%, which was 2.5 times higher than the percentage from White patients (5.9%; P < 0.001). Further, the percentages of tumors from Black patients who had all TMA spots positive for GSTP1 (9.5%) was 3-fold higher than the percentage from White patients (3.2%; P<0.001). In terms of association with other molecular alterations, GSTP1 positivity was enriched in ERG positive cancers among Black men. By in situ hybridization, GSTP1 mRNA expression was concordant with protein staining, supporting the lack of silencing of at least some GSTP1 alleles in GSTP1-positive tumor cells. This is the first report revealing that GSTP1-positive prostate cancers are substantially over-represented among prostate cancers from Black compared to White men. This observation should prompt additional studies to determine whether GSTP1 positive cases represent a distinct molecular subtype of prostate cancer and whether GSTP1 expression could provide a biological underpinning for the observed disparate outcomes for Black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Qizhi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Hicks
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Platz
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bruce J. Trock
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | | | - Karen S. Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah Ernst
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tracy Jones
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Janielle P. Maynard
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephanie A. Glavaris
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William G. Nelson
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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10
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Trock BJ, Rajamani S, Vidal I, Glavaris S, Jones T, Han M, Partin AW, Cohen T, Stone S, De Marzo AM. Cell cycle progression score and PTEN as prognostic factors for metastasis in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer overall, and in those who also received salvage radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
247 Background: The cell cycle progression (CCP) score and PTEN have never been evaluated together as prognostic markers for risk of metastasis in a radical prostatectomy (RP) cohort of men with National Comprehensive Cancer Network intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa), nor in such patients who also received salvage radiation (SRT) alone or with androgen deprivation (SRT+ADT). This study evaluated CCP score and PTEN in both settings. Methods: Participants were treated with RP at Johns Hopkins from 2007-2015. Paraffin-embedded RP tissue was analyzed blind to clinical outcome at Myriad Genetics, for CCP score using qRT-PCR, and PTEN by immunohistochemistry. For overall evaluation of CCP and PTEN in intermediate- and high-risk men a case-cohort sample was selected. Intermediate- and high-risk men with biochemical recurrence who received SRT or SRT+ADT were also sampled to provide a population at particularly high risk. Metastasis-free survival (MFS) was analyzed with the proportional hazards model, weighted for case-cohort design for the overall analysis, and adjusted for CAPRA-S. The clinical cell-cycle risk (CCR) score, a fixed algorithm combining CCP and CAPRA-S was also analyzed in both contexts. Data were analyzed independently by Johns Hopkins and Myriad Genetics. Results: The case-cohort consisted of 209 men, including 47% with Gleason score >4+3, 48% extra-prostatic extension, and 18% with seminal vesicle or lymph node involvement; 42 (20%) developed metastasis. In univariate analyses CCP, CAPRA-S, and PTEN were all highly significant. In multivariable analysis, only CCP and CAPRA-S retained significance (Table section A). CCR was also strongly prognostic, HR=7.9 (95% CI 4.4, 14.5) per unit change, p<0.00001. SRT (56%) or SRT+ADT (44%) were received by 172 men, of whom 78% had Gleason >4+3, 48% extra-prostatic extension, and 34% seminal vesicle or lymph node involvement; 19 (11%) developed metastases. Again, CCP and CAPRA-S, but not PTEN, were statistically significant (Table section B). CCR was also statistically significant, HR=1.7 (95% CI 1.2, 2.4), p=0.002. Conclusions: This is the first comparison, in a recent cohort of intermediate- and high-risk men, of CCP score and PTEN as risk factors for metastasis, and first evaluation in such men receiving SRT. In both multivariable settings, CCP score, but not PTEN, was significantly associated with MFS, adjusted for CAPRA-S. CCR, a fixed algorithm that combines CCP and CAPRA-S was also significant in both settings. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce J. Trock
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Igor Vidal
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Tracy Jones
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Misop Han
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Todd Cohen
- Myriad Genetics, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT
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11
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Maynard JP, Lu J, Vidal I, Joshu CE, De Marzo AM, Sfanos KS. Abstract PO-226: Localization of macrophages and neutrophils in the prostate tumor microenvironment and their association with prostate cancer racial disparities. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp20-po-226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
African American (AA) men are two to three times more likely to die from prostate cancer (PCa) than European American (EA) men. This disparity may be due in part to socioeconomic status and discrepancies in access to quality care. Studies also suggest that differences in innate immune effector cells and function in the tumor microenvironment of AA men may promote PCa aggressiveness. Increased tumor- associated macrophages are associated with poorer outcomes and a high neutrophil- to-lymphocyte ratio is significantly associated with poorer survival in men with PCa. However, the prevalence of innate immune cells, their spatial localization, and their relationship to PCa racial disparities is largely unknown. We evaluated CD66ce+ neutrophils and CD68+ (pan), CD80+ (M1), and CD163+ (M2) macrophages using RNA in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded whole tissue sections from prostate donor tissues with no cancer (n=4) and radical prostatectomy tissues from AA and EA men with low grade (Gleason ≤ 3+4) and higher grade (Gleason ≥ 4+3) PCa (n=38). Tissue microarray (TMA) sets containing radical prostatectomy tissues (n=932) or distant metastatic tissues obtained at autopsy (n=6) were also evaluated. Immune marker expression in TMAs was quantified using TMAJ and FrIDA software. CD66ce+ neutrophils were primarily localized to blood vessels in organ donor prostate specimens as well as normal appearing, non-inflamed regions of radical prostatectomy specimens. Increased CD66ce+ neutrophils were present in inflamed regions of benign tissues from both races. In analysis of TMAs, there was significantly increased CD66ce+ neutrophils in tissues from EA men compared to AA men (p < 0.0001). There was also increased CD66ce expression in cancer compared to benign tissue spots (p <0.01), in low grade compared to higher grade cancer (p < 0.0001), in cancer with PTEN loss versus intact PTEN (p < 0.0001), and in ERG positive versus ERG negative cancer (p = 0.0011).
There was no association between CD66ce+ neutrophils and risk of metastasis or biochemical recurrence. CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages were abundant in organ donor specimens, while CD80 expression was minimal. Similar expression patterns were observed in benign regions of radical prostatectomy specimens. In analysis of TMAs, CD68, CD80 and CD163 were significantly increased in cancer compared to benign tissues (p < 0.0001). CD163 expression was comparable between races, while CD80 expression was significantly higher in benign tissues from AA men compared to EA men (p = 0.0004). CD68, CD80 and CD163 expression were all significantly increased in benign spots from ERG positive versus ERG negative cases. In conclusion, there is increased infiltration of innate immune cells in the prostate tumor microenvironment of both AA and EA men, however the composition of innate immune cell infiltration varies between races. Our future studies aim to determine the influence of innate immune effector cells on PCa aggressiveness and outcomes.
Citation Format: Janielle P. Maynard, Jiayun Lu, Igor Vidal, Corinne E. Joshu, Angelo M. De Marzo, Karen S. Sfanos. Localization of macrophages and neutrophils in the prostate tumor microenvironment and their association with prostate cancer racial disparities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-226.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiayun Lu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Igor Vidal
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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12
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Luque L, Rodrigo T, García-García JM, Casals M, Millet JP, Caylà J, Orcau A, Agüero R, Alcázar J, Altet N, Altube L, Álvarez F, Anibarro L, Barrón M, Bermúdez P, Bikuña E, Blanquer R, Borderías L, Bustamante A, Calpe J, Caminero J, Cañas F, Casas F, Casas X, Cases E, Castejón N, Castrodeza R, Cebrián J, Cervera A, Ciruelos J, Delgado A, De Souza M, Díaz D, Domínguez M, Fernández B, Gallardo J, Gallego M, Clemente MG, García C, García F, Garros F, Gort A, Guerediaga A, Gullón J, Hidalgo C, Iglesias M, Jiménez G, Jiménez M, Kindelan J, Laparra J, López I, Lera R, Lloret T, Marín M, Lacasa XM, Martínez E, Martínez A, Medina J, Melero C, Milà C, Millet J, Mir I, Molina F, Morales C, Morales M, Moreno A, Moreno V, Muñoz A, Muñoz C, Muñoz J, Muñoz L, Oribe M, Parra I, Penas A, Pérez J, Rivas P, Rodríguez J, Ruiz-Manzano J, Sala J, Sandel D, Sánchez M, Sánchez M, Sánchez P, Santamaría I, Sanz F, Serrano A, Somoza M, Tabernero E, Trujillo E, Valencia E, Valiño P, Vargas A, Vidal I, Vidal R, Villanueva M, Villar A, Vizcaya M, Zabaleta M, Zubillaga G. Factors Associated With Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Spain and Its Distribution in Immigrant Population. Open Respiratory Archives 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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13
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Chappalley D, Birraux J, Vidal I, Sanchez O, Merlini L, Brönnimann E. Unusual isolated fallopian tube torsion. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Barazzone-Argiroffo C, Lascano Maillard J, Vidal I, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Blaskovic S, Donati Y, Wildhaber BE, Rougemont AL, Delacourt C, Ruchonnet-Métrailler I. New insights on congenital pulmonary airways malformations revealed by proteomic analyses. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:272. [PMID: 31779656 PMCID: PMC6883702 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) has an estimated prevalence between 0.87 and 1.02/10,000 live births and little is know about their pathogenesis. To improve our knowledge on these rare malformations, we analyzed the cellular origin of the two most frequent CPAM, CPAM types 1 and 2, and compared these malformations with adjacent healthy lung and human fetal lungs. Methods We prospectively enrolled 21 infants undergoing surgical resection for CPAM. Human fetal lung samples were collected after termination of pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry and proteomic analysis were performed on laser microdissected samples. Results CPAM 1 and 2 express mostly bronchial markers, such as cytokeratin 17 (Krt17) or α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA 2). CPAM 1 also expresses alveolar type II epithelial cell markers (SPC). Proteomic analysis on microlaser dissected epithelium confirmed these results and showed distinct protein profiles, CPAM 1 being more heterogeneous and displaying some similarities with fetal bronchi. Conclusion This study provides new insights in CPAM etiology, showing clear distinction between CPAM types 1 and 2, by immunohistochemistry and proteomics. This suggests that CPAM 1 and CPAM 2 might occur at different stages of lung branching. Finally, the comparison between fetal lung structures and CPAMs shows clearly different protein profiles, thereby arguing against a developmental arrest in a localized part of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Barazzone-Argiroffo
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Lascano Maillard
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Vidal
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Geneva, University Center of Pediatric Surgery of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M L Bochaton-Piallat
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Blaskovic
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Donati
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B E Wildhaber
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Geneva, University Center of Pediatric Surgery of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A-L Rougemont
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Delacourt
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - I Ruchonnet-Métrailler
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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15
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Zarif JC, Baena-Del Valle JA, Hicks JL, Heaphy CM, Vidal I, Luo J, Lotan TL, Hooper JE, Isaacs WB, Pienta KJ, De Marzo AM. Mannose Receptor-positive Macrophage Infiltration Correlates with Prostate Cancer Onset and Metastatic Castration-resistant Disease. Eur Urol Oncol 2019; 2:429-436. [PMID: 31277779 PMCID: PMC7039332 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND M2 tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) can suppress inflammation in the tumor microenvironment and have been reported to modulate cancer progression. We and others have previously reported M2-TAM infiltration in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). OBJECTIVE To determine whether the extent of M2-TAM infiltration correlates with PC aggressiveness. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Normal prostate tissue, localized PC, and mCRPC samples from 192 patients were retrospectively analyzed. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS We analytically validated an immunohistochemistry assay for detection of the human mannose receptor (CD206) to assess M2 macrophage involvement. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Multiplex immunofluorescent staining showed that a small fraction of CD206 staining co-localized with the endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels, while the vast majority of staining occurred in CD68-positive macrophages. The area fraction of staining for CD206-positive macrophages increased in a stepwise fashion from normal (ie, no inflammation) prostate tissue, to primary untreated carcinomas, to hormone-naïve regional lymph node metastases, to mCRPC. Complementary studies using flow cytometry confirmed CD206-positive M2-TAM infiltration. Limitations include the small number of rapid autopsy samples and the lack of neuroendocrine PC samples. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed a progressive increase in CD206-positive macrophages from normal prostate to mCRPC. Given the immunosuppressive nature of macrophages and the lack of clinical success of immunotherapy for PC patients, our results provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of macrophages in the PC microenvironment as a potential method to augment immunotherapeutic responses. PATIENT SUMMARY In this report we used 192 prostate cancer samples to determine if M2 macrophage infiltration is correlated with castration resistance in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelani C Zarif
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Javier A Baena-Del Valle
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogota University Hospital, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Jessica L Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Heaphy
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacob Luo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jody E Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zarif JC, Valle JABD, Hicks JL, Heaphy CM, Vidal I, Luo J, Lotan TL, Hooper JE, Isaacs WB, Pienta KJ, Marzo AMD. Abstract 4582: Mannose receptor positive macrophage infiltrate correlates with prostate cancer onset and metastatic castration-resistant disease. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-4582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
M2-Tumor Associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) can suppress inflammation within the tumor microenvironment and have been reported to modulate cancer progression. We and others have previously reported infiltration of M2 macrophages in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC). The objective of this study was to determine whether the extent of M2 macrophage infiltration correlates with prostate cancer aggressiveness, we applied immunohistochemistry to normal prostatic tissue, localized prostate cancer and metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) from 192 patients. To assess M2 macrophage involvement, we analytically validated an IHC assay to detect the human mannose receptor (CD206). Also, we used multiplex immunofluorescent staining to show that a small fraction of CD206 staining co-localizes with endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels, while the vast majority of staining occurs in CD68-positive macrophages. The area fraction of staining for CD206-positive macrophages increased in a stepwise fashion going from normal (i.e. non-inflammation) prostatic tissue, to primary untreated carcinomas, to hormone naive regional lymph node metastases to castration resistant prostate cancer. Complimentary studies using flow cytometry confirmed CD206-positive M2-TAM infiltration. Altogether, this study revealed a progressive increase in CD206-positive macrophages from normal prostate to metastatic CRPC. Given the immunosuppressive nature of these cells and lack of clinical success of immunotherapy for prostate cancer patients, our results provide a rationale for therapeutic development to deplete these cells in the prostate cancer microenvironment as a potential method to augment immunotherapeutic approaches in prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Jelani C. Zarif, Javier A. Baena-Del Valle, Jessica L. Hicks, Christopher M. Heaphy, Igor Vidal, Jacob Luo, Tamara L. Lotan, Jody E. Hooper, William B. Isaacs, Kenneth J. Pienta, Angelo M. De Marzo. Mannose receptor positive macrophage infiltrate correlates with prostate cancer onset and metastatic castration-resistant disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4582.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Igor Vidal
- Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jacob Luo
- Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Trock BJ, Rajamani S, Vidal I, Glavaris S, Jones T, Han M, Partin AW, Cohen T, Stone S, De Marzo AM. Cell cycle progression score and PTEN as prognostic factors for metastasis in intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e16575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16575 Background: To evaluate the cell cycle progression (CCP) score and PTEN as prognostic markers for risk of metastasis in a radical prostatectomy (RP) cohort of NCCN intermediate and high risk prostate cancer. Methods: This IRB-approved case-cohort study included men treated with RP at Johns Hopkins from 2007-2015. Paraffin-embedded RP tissue was analyzed blind to study outcome at Myriad Genetics, for CCP score using qRT-PCR, and PTEN by immunohistochemistry. Metastasis-free survival (MFS) was analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards model, weighted for case-cohort design. CCP and PTEN were analyzed independently, and adjusted for CAPRA-S. The CCR score, which combines CCP and CAPRA-S, was also analyzed. Data were analyzed independently by Johns Hopkins and Myriad Genetics. Results: There were 209 patients, of whom 42 were cases (metastasis). Median age was 59 years, 47% had Gleason 4+3 or higher, 48% had non-organ confined tumor, and 18% had seminal vesicle or lymph node involvement. NCCN risk was intermediate in 77% and high in 23%. Median follow-up was 4 years. Both CCP and PTEN, as well as CCR score, were statistically significant in univariate analyses, but only CCP retained statistical significance in a multivariable model of CCP, PTEN, and CAPRA-S (Table). Conclusions: This is the first comparison of the CCP score and PTEN as risk factors for metastasis in a recent RP cohort of patients at NCCN intermediate or high risk. Both CCP score and PTEN were strongly associated with MFS in univariate analyses, but only CCP score retained significance in a multivariable analysis with both biomarkers adjusted for CAPRA-S. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce J. Trock
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Igor Vidal
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Tracy Jones
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Misop Han
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Todd Cohen
- Myriad Genetics, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT
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Zarzosa P, Navarro N, Giralt I, Molist C, Almazán-Moga A, Vidal I, Soriano A, Segura MF, Hladun R, Villanueva A, Gallego S, Roma J. Patient-derived xenografts for childhood solid tumors: a valuable tool to test new drugs and personalize treatments. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 19:44-50. [PMID: 27718156 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of preclinical models is essential in translational cancer research and especially important in pediatric cancer given the low incidence of each particular type of cancer. Cell line cultures have led to significant advances in cancer biology. However, cell lines have adapted to growth in artificial culture conditions, thereby undergoing genetic and phenotypic changes which may hinder the translational application. Tumor grafts developed in mice from patient tumor tissues, generally known as patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), are interesting alternative approaches to reproducing the biology of the original tumor. This review is focused on highlighting the interest of PDX models in pediatric cancer research and supporting strategies of personalized medicine. This review provides: (1) a description of the background of PDX in cancer, (2) the particular case of PDX in pediatric cancer, (3) how PDX can improve personalized medicine strategies, (4) new methods to increase engraftment, and, finally, (5) concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zarzosa
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Navarro
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Giralt
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Molist
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Almazán-Moga
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Vidal
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Soriano
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M F Segura
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Hladun
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Villanueva
- Chemoresistance and Predicitive Factors Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Xenopat S.L. Business Bioincubator Bellvitge Health Science Campus, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Gallego
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Roma
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ramos JM, Vidal I, Bellot P, Gómez-Hurtado I, Zapater P, Such J. Comparison of the in vitro susceptibility of rifaximin versus norfloxacin against multidrug resistant bacteria in a hospital setting. A proof-of-concept study for use in advanced cirrhosis. Gut 2016; 65:182-3. [PMID: 25832107 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Ramos
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Alicante, Spain Departments of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
| | - I Vidal
- Departments of Microbiology, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
| | - P Bellot
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P Zapater
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Such
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Abella M, Vaquero JJ, Sisniega A, Pascau J, Udías A, García V, Vidal I, Desco M. Software architecture for multi-bed FDK-based reconstruction in X-ray CT scanners. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2012; 107:218-232. [PMID: 21908068 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Most small-animal X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanners are based on cone-beam geometry with a flat-panel detector orbiting in a circular trajectory. Image reconstruction in these systems is usually performed by approximate methods based on the algorithm proposed by Feldkamp et al. (FDK). Besides the implementation of the reconstruction algorithm itself, in order to design a real system it is necessary to take into account numerous issues so as to obtain the best quality images from the acquired data. This work presents a comprehensive, novel software architecture for small-animal CT scanners based on cone-beam geometry with circular scanning trajectory. The proposed architecture covers all the steps from the system calibration to the volume reconstruction and conversion into Hounsfield units. It includes an efficient implementation of an FDK-based reconstruction algorithm that takes advantage of system symmetries and allows for parallel reconstruction using a multiprocessor computer. Strategies for calibration and artifact correction are discussed to justify the strategies adopted. New procedures for multi-bed misalignment, beam-hardening, and Housfield units calibration are proposed. Experiments with phantoms and real data showed the suitability of the proposed software architecture for an X-ray small animal CT based on cone-beam geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abella
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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Castillo O, Campos R, Vidal I, Fonerón A, Rubio G, Landerer E, Gómez R. Cistectomía radical laparoscópica con confección extracorpórea de neovejiga ortotópica ileal en forma de "Y" usando sutura mecánica no reabsorbible (Fontana). Actas Urol Esp 2011. [DOI: 10.4321/s0210-48062011000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Castillo O, Campos R, Vidal I, Fonerón A, Rubio G, Landerer E, Gómez R. [Laparoscopic radical cystectomy with extracorporeal creation of a "Y" shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder using non-reabsorbable mechanical suture (Fontana)]. Actas Urol Esp 2011; 35:296-301. [PMID: 21419518 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2010.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We describe the technique and present the preliminary results of the laparoscopic radical cystectomy technique with the extracorporeal creation of a "y" shaped ileal orthotopic neobladder using non-absorbable mechanical suture (Fontana). MATERIALS AND METHOD We describe the technique step by step and we present a series of 15 patients that underwent this surgery between November 2005 and August 2009, with special emphasis on the duration of the surgery, urinary diversion time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, daytime and night time continence and the frequency of postoperative micturition. RESULTS The mean follow-up of the series was 24 months (6-32). The mean duration of surgery was 280 (range 210-345) minutes and the mean urinary diversion time was 54.5 (range 40-75) minutes. There were no intraoperative complications and the average hospitalization time was 7 (range 5-15) days. During the follow-up, there were 5 late postoperative complications, 2 cases of urinary infection with good response to antibiotic treatment and 3 uretero-neovesical anastomosis strictures, which were treated with percutaneous balloon dilation, with a good functional result. No lithiasis was found in the neobladder. Complete daytime continence was obtained in 13/14 patients (92.9%) and complete night time continence in 6/14 (42.9%). One patient (6.7%) required clean intermittent self-catheterization as the patient did not micturate spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS The creation of a "Y" shaped ileal orthotopic neobladder using non-absorbable mechanical suture is a feasible, fast and safe technique and it provides promising functional results. Further follow-up is required to determine its long-term results.
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Vera I, Ferrando E, Vidal I, Gómez-Olmeda D, González J. Accidentes por quemadura y enfermedad mental. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental 2010; 3:19-22. [DOI: 10.1016/s1888-9891(10)70004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Foneron A, Castillo O, Velasco A, Vidal I, Campos R, Feria M, Balbontin F, Cabello R. UP.92: Orthotopic Neobladder with Prostatic Cone Preservation. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Castillo O, Feria M, Foneron A, Vidal I, Campos R. SCHU-22: Urethral Stricture: Our Experience. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Velasco A, Yanez P, Castillo O, Vidal I, Cabello R, Balbontin F, Foneron A, Feria M, Campos R. UP.74: Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Campos R, Castillo O, Vidal I, Foneron A, Feria M, García M, González M. POD-1.06: Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Malignant Adrenal Masses. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vidal I, Castillo O, Velasco A, Foneron A, Feria M, Campos R, Balbontin F, Cabello R. UP.16: Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Tumors: Laparoscopic-Assisted Radio Frequency Ablation with Curative Intent. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Castillo O, Vidal I, Foneron A, Campos R, Feria M. POD-7.01: Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy: Our Results After 85 Consecutive Patients. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Foneron A, Castillo O, García M, Feria M, Gonzalez M, Campos R, Vidal I. SCHU-06: Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Poor Prognosis? Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vidal I, Velasco A, Riquelme E, Majerson A, Frederick L, Castillo O, Mendez G, Balbontin F, Cabello R, Foneron A. POD-2.07: Methylation in Testicular Cancer. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Castillo O, Velasco A, Foneron A, Campos R, Vidal I, Feria M. UP.47: Primary Carcinoma of Seminal Vesicles: Role Of Surgery in Presence of Metastasis: Case Report. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Velasco A, Castillo O, San Francisco I, Majerson A, Rosemberg H, Donohue R, Balbontin F, Cabello R, Vidal I, Campos R. MP-5.16: Outcome of Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma as Compared with Solid Tumors. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rubio G, Castillo O, Diaz C, Hidalgo F, Vidal I. SCHU-32: Pathologic Features of Solid Renal Tumors Measuring Less Than 4 cm. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Velasco A, Riquelme E, Vidal I, Frederick L, Castillo O, Mendez G, Balbontin F, Cabello R, Foneron A. MP-6.12: Mismatch Repair Expression in Testicular Cancer Predicts Recurrence and Survival. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Castillo O, Kerkebe M, Feria M, Foneron A, Sánchez-Salas R, Campos R, Vidal I, Velasco A. MP-5.14: Renal Cell Carcinoma with Macroscopic Level I Tumor Thrombus Extension into the Renal Vein: Our 7-Case Experience. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Castillo O, Sánchez-Salas R, Vidal I. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 2008; 60:177-184. [PMID: 18787512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is the gold standard for the surgical management of small and medium adrenal masses. Nevertheless, there is still controversy for the laparoscopic treatment of adrenal carcinoma. The aim of this article was to report current standards on LA. The data for this review were obtained by a PubMed search of the English and Spanish available literature. The search was conducted with the term ''laparoscopic adrenalectomy''. Information identified was reviewed and the reference list of the identified articles was searched for further manuscripts. Experience with the procedure and technical nuances coined by the senior authors is also reflected in the manuscript. Even when available evidence in the literature is low for LA, it has become the standard of treatment for adrenal masses especially in benign lesions. The accurate preoperatory work-up and imaging remain cornerstone elements in surgical therapeutical decisions. The most employed surgical technique for LA is the lateral transabdominal, but novel approaches have been developed to treat surgically adrenal diseases and an objective evaluation of outcomes is awaited. Laparoscopic treatment of adrenal primary malignancy and metastases is still controversial although clear indications for laparoscopy in these cases are bounded to surgical experience. LA has definitively replaced open surgery in the surgical management of adrenal tumors < or = 12 cm, because of its advantages in terms of morbidity and recovery. Large and malignant tumors should be carefully approached by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Castillo
- Department of Urology, Clínica Indisa, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Vidal I, Héloury Y, Supply E, Podevin G, Leclair M. SFCP-015 – Urologie – Néphrectomie partielle par laparoscopie rétropéritonéale chez l’enfant. Arch Pediatr 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)71967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Garrabou G, Pedrol E, Deig E, Morén C, Nicolàs M, García P, Vidal I, Cardellach F, Miró Ò. Mitochondrial toxicity of antiretrovirals in non-HIV-infected patients. J Int AIDS Soc 2008. [DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-s1-p146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Wilson D, Sinton S, Butler R, Drost D, Paschold P, van Kruistum G, Poll J, Garcin C, Pertierra R, Vidal I, Green K. CARBOHYDRATES AND YIELD PHYSIOLOGY OF ASPARAGUS â A GLOBAL OVERVIEW. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2008.776.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Vidal I, Iglesias P, Branco M, Arellano-Valle R. Bayesian sensitivity analysis and model comparison for skew elliptical models. J Stat Plan Inference 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jspi.2004.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jean R, Mazenc J, Mailly M, Pagès M, Verdelhan C, Vidal I. [Following the patient and his nurses]. Soins 2000:36-9. [PMID: 11221246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Jean
- L'unité mobile de soutien et de soins palliatifs, CHU de Montpellier
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Watine J, Hacini J, Vidal I. [Is the a connection between prolonged carriage and clonal hospital-to-hospital clonal spread of multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa of the O12 serotype? Are the specific habits of the hospitals involved the cause?]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1999; 47:457-61. [PMID: 10418018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Results obtained using our expert computer program (SIR, 12A, Montpellier, France) over the last seven years (1991-1998) suggest that the increased incidence of superficial pus infection or colonization with O12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, together with the significantly longer carriage duration for this organism as compared to non O12. P. aeruginosa, may contribute to the current endemic clonal spread of O12 P. aeruginosa in a general hospital in Rodez, France, and in neighboring extended-care facilities. This ecological observation may reflect poor compliance with basic hygiene procedures in the Rodez hospital and in neighboring hospitals. The O12 P. aeruginosa clone in the Rodez hospital is indistinguishable from the one that has disseminated throughout Europe, suggesting that the ecological observation and hypothesis described herein may deserve to be investigated in other institutions that are also the site of endemic clonal O12 P. aeruginosa dissemination.
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Abstract
AIM To determine if the isoforms of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) are present in fetal, normal adult, and glaucomatous optic nerve heads. METHODS To localise cells synthesising TGF-beta, optic nerve heads were stained using antibodies to TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 2, and TGF-beta 3. To demonstrate synthesis, human optic nerve heads from fetal, glaucomatous, and normal age matched subjects were explanted, cultured overnight, and the culture supernatant was assayed for the presence of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 by bioassay. In addition, semiquantitative RT-PCR was performed to determine the gene expression pattern of TGF-beta 2. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry of glaucomatous samples revealed the presence of intense staining for TGF-beta 2 primarily in astrocytes, whereas TGF-beta 1 was localised to blood vessels. No TGF-beta 3 immunoreactivity was observed. There was little or no expression of TGF-beta in normal optic nerve heads. Optic nerve heads from glaucomatous eyes released 70-100-fold more TGF-beta 2 than normal age matched optic nerve heads. Fetal optic nerve heads released 90-100-fold more TGF-beta 2 than normal adult optic nerve heads. TGF-beta 1 was undetectable by bioassay in all samples tested. There was no apparent increase in TGF-beta 2 gene expression in glaucomatous and fetal eyes, suggesting post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that TGF-beta 2 is produced in high levels in the fetal and glaucomatous optic nerve heads, perhaps by a mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation. TGF-beta may be important during development of the optic nerve head and, in glaucoma, TGF-beta 2 may be a mediator of astrocyte reactivation and extracellular matrix remodelling in the lamina cribrosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Pena
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis 63110, USA
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45
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether elastotic degeneration of the elastin component of the lamina cribrosa occurs in optic neuropathy associated with different types of glaucoma. Human optic nerve heads with primary open-angle, neovascular, chronic angle closure and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, and with varying duration of disease were compared with age-matched normal eyes, using electron microscopy and immunogold labeling of elastin. The percent area occupied by immunogold-labeled elastin material was determined using a digital image analysis system. In all eyes with a history of glaucoma, elastosis was found in the lamina cribrosa and there was a significantly greater percentage of area occupied by elastin compared with age-matched control eyes (P<0.0001). Among the glaucomatous eyes, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma had the largest area of elastosis, followed by primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma (neovascular and chronic angle closure). In all glaucoma samples, large, confluent elastin aggregates of irregular and varied shapes (elastosis) were observed in the lamina cribrosa and insertion region. These results demonstrate that glaucomatous optic neuropathy is associated with elastosis of the lamina cribrosa, which may contribute to the changes in compliance of the optic nerve heads of glaucomatous eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Pena
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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46
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Verret C, Mathoulin-Pélissier S, Courbil R, Perez P, Destruel F, Roubinet F, Rech H, Vidal I, Salmi LR. [Evaluation of aa tracking system for labile blood products in the Midi-Pyrenes region]. Transfus Clin Biol 1998; 5:275-82. [PMID: 9789967 DOI: 10.1016/s1246-7820(98)80406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
At the request of the regional authority, the system of traceability of blood products in the Midi-Pyrenees area in France was assessed using available documentation, visits and interviews of participants. We studied the time needed to obtain traceability data in the Blood Banks and the reactivity of the system defined as the time needed to carry out a simulated descending transfusional survey. This information allowed us to assess usefulness and cost of the system, its applicability and the timeliness of information, according to the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control. The system is based on a standardized nominative form for the delivery of blood products and specific feedback. For the participants, traceability makes transfusional surveys easier and improves transfusions safety. In two of the 130 hospitals, the system is linked to the "program of medicalization of information systems". In the 2nd semester of 1996, the traceability proportion was 97%. For a given date of distribution, 75% of blood products were traced in 14 days and 83% in a month. The study of reactivity showed that all donations coming from two randomly chosen blood collection sites could be traced in about 2 hours. This first evaluation of a regional system of traceability showed its feasibility and acceptability, based on evaluation criteria of a public health surveillance system. A continuous evaluation process would be necessary to assess the good functioning of the system and to detect and prevent possible deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verret
- Centre national d'hémovigilance, Institut de santé publique, d'épidémiologie et de développement, Université Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, France
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47
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Abstract
The human optic nerve contains a heterogeneous population of astrocytes. In situ, a specialized subpopulation of astrocytes was distinguished in the adult optic nerve head by expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). To further study the biology of astrocytes, we have developed and characterized cells grown from explanted optic nerve heads and myelinated optic nerves as in vitro model systems. Second or third passage cells were processed for immunocytochemistry using antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cell surface epitopes: CD56/NCAM, HNK-1/NCAM, A2B5, and O4. Synthesis and gene expression of NCAM were characterized by Western blot analysis and RNase protection assay. Cells grown from myelinated optic nerves expressing GFAP, but not NCAM or A2B5, were identified as type 1A astrocytes, and cells expressing GFAP and A2B5, but not NCAM, were identified as type 2 astrocytes. Cells grown from explanted optic nerve head expressing GFAP, NCAM, and O4 were identified as type 1B astrocytes. Expression of NCAM by type 1B astrocytes may provide these cells with adhesion properties that allow them specialized responses in their microenvironment. Astrocytes from the lamina cribrosa may form a functional barrier to prevent myelination of the retina. In glaucoma, these astrocytes may be exposed to stresses due to fluctuation in intraocular pressure and therefore participate in the optic nerve changes associated with glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Bone RA, Landrum JT, Friedes LM, Gomez CM, Kilburn MD, Menendez E, Vidal I, Wang W. Distribution of lutein and zeaxanthin stereoisomers in the human retina. Exp Eye Res 1997; 64:211-8. [PMID: 9176055 DOI: 10.1006/exer.1996.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of macular pigment stereoisomers in the human retina has been mapped and a pathway to account for the presence of the non-dietary carotenoid, meso-zeaxanthin, is proposed. Adult neural retinas were cut into three concentric areas centered on the fovea, and the extracted carotenoids were analysed and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The dicarbamate or dibenzoate derivatives of the collected zeaxanthin fractions for each tissue sample were further analysed by HPLC to determine their stereoisomer composition. Whole retinas from infant eyes were similarly analysed. The results show that, relative to zeaxanthin, the concentration of lutein in the adult neural retina increases with radial distance from the fovea while that of meso-zeaxanthin decreases. Infant retinas were found to have more lutein and less meso-zeaxanthin, relative to zeaxanthin, than adult retinas. Small quantities of (3S, 3'S)-zeaxanthin were also found in the adult retina, particularly in the macula. It is proposed that lutein and zeaxanthin are transported into an individual's retina in the same proportions found in his or her blood serum. Some of the lutein is then converted into meso-zeaxanthin, primarily in the macula, by a mechanism which is less developed in infants than adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Bone
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami 33199, USA
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Vilacosta I, Gómez J, Almería C, Castillo JA, San Román JA, Zamorano J, Jesús Rollán M, Vidal I, Sánchez Harguindey L. Massive left atrial calcification: a limitation of transesophageal echocardiography. Am Heart J 1994; 127:461-3. [PMID: 8296723 DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(94)90146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Vilacosta
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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González J, Vidal I, Bernardo A, Martin R. Kinetics of the diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione reduction by diacetyl reductase (alpha-diketone reductase (NAD)) from Staphylococcus aureus. Biochimie 1988; 70:1791-7. [PMID: 3150685 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9084(88)90040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic mechanism of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione reduction by diacetyl reductase from Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. The shape of the primary double reciprocal plots, the product inhibition pattern, and the features of the inhibition by a substrate analogue (acetone) show that diacetyl is reduced via an Ordered Bi-Bi mechanism, and 2,3-pentanedione by an Ordered Bi-Bi or Theorell-Chance mechanism. NADH is the leading substrate in both reactions. Affinity constants for the coenzyme and the substrates and inhibition constants for NAD, acetoin, and acetone were also calculated. This enzyme has a high affinity for NADH; Km (31-50 microM) and Ks (20-27 microM) for this compound are around one-tenth of the NADH intracellular concentration. Therefore, it must operate in vivo saturated with the coenzyme. This condition is not adequate to play the role, formerly proposed for diacetyl reductases, of regulating the equilibrium between oxidized and reduced forms of pyridine-nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- J González
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Spain
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