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Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2022; 82:618. [PMID: 35859696 PMCID: PMC9288420 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.
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Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia International Clinical Collaboration (HICC) registry: Levelling up access to treatment urgently needed. Atherosclerosis 2022; 346:84-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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3
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Synchronized beamline at FLASH2 based on high-order harmonic generation for two-color dynamics studies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:123004. [PMID: 34972439 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the design, integration, and operation of the novel vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) beamline installed at the free-electron laser (FEL) FLASH. The VUV source is based on high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gas and is driven by an optical laser system synchronized with the timing structure of the FEL. Ultrashort pulses in the spectral range from 10 to 40 eV are coupled with the FEL in the beamline FL26, which features a reaction microscope (REMI) permanent endstation for time-resolved studies of ultrafast dynamics in atomic and molecular targets. The connection of the high-pressure gas HHG source to the ultra-high vacuum FEL beamline requires a compact and reliable system, able to encounter the challenging vacuum requirements and coupling conditions. First commissioning results show the successful operation of the beamline, reaching a VUV focused beam size of about 20 µm at the REMI endstation. Proof-of-principle photo-electron momentum measurements in argon indicate the source capabilities for future two-color pump-probe experiments.
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Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment: DUNE Collaboration. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2021; 81:322. [PMID: 34720713 PMCID: PMC8550327 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE's sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach.
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Grants
- MR/T019530/1 Medical Research Council
- MR/T041323/1 Medical Research Council
- MSMT, Czech Republic
- NRF, South Korea
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- SERI, Switzerland
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- U.S. Department of Energy
- CERN
- Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu
- The Royal Society, United Kingdom
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- U.S. NSF
- FCT, Portugal
- CEA, France
- CNRS/IN2P3, France
- European Regional Development Fund
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- H2020-EU, European Union
- IPP, Canada
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- CAM, Spain
- MSCA, European Union
- Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- Fundacção de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Fundacion “La Caixa” Spain
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Implementing a genomic rotational crossbreeding scheme to promote local dairy cattle breeds-A simulation study. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:6873-6884. [PMID: 33773793 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In dairy cattle breeding, there is a clear trend toward the use of only a few high-yielding breeds. One main reason is that efficient breeding programs require a certain population size. Since some numerically small breeds are well known for their functional traits, they might be an interesting crossing partner for high-yielding breeds with the aim to utilize heterosis. This simulation study investigated the transition period of a small cattle population for the implementation of genomic selection and rotational crossbreeding with a high-yielding breed. Real SNP chip genotype data from the numerically small red dairy breed Angler and the high-yielding breed Holstein Friesian were used to simulate the base generations, from which rotational crossbreeding was conducted for 10 generations. A polygenic trait with many quantitative trait loci with additive and directional dominance effects was simulated. Different selection methods for Angler sires (purebred performance, crossbred performance, and weighted purebred-crossbred performance) and different sizes and structures of the reference population (Angler, crossbred animals, and Angler plus crossbred animals) were considered. The results showed that the implementation of a genomic rotational crossbreeding scheme is an appealing option to promote the numerically small Angler breed. The growing reference population consisting of Angler and crossbred individuals maximized the genetic gain for Angler and the performance level for the crossbred individuals. Selection for purebred performance, crossbred performance, or a weighted combination of both hardly affected the results, and differences between selection scenarios were observed only in the long term with decreasing purebred-crossbred correlations.
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Targeting LDL cholesterol: Early treatment is key to population health. Atherosclerosis 2020; 300:37-38. [PMID: 32253009 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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News from ESC congress 2019: New ESC/EAS guidelines for dyslipidaemia management published. Atherosclerosis 2019; 291:124-126. [PMID: 31668350 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Novel therapeutics specific to lipoprotein(a). Atherosclerosis 2019; 288:166-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Triglycerides and cardiovascular risk: Apolipoprotein B holds the key. Atherosclerosis 2019; 284:221-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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The highs and lows of cardiovascular disease prevention. Atherosclerosis 2018; 272:222-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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641 SIG-1459 and SIG-1460: Novel anti-acne phytyl-cysteine compounds. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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708 SIG-1451: A topical anti-inflammatory new chemical entity for atopic dermatitis (AD). J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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A simple method for cryopreservation of shoot tips of Arabidopsis genotypes. CRYO LETTERS 2017; 38:364-371. [PMID: 29734403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND: The use of the model plant Arabidopsis could be a valuable tool to elucidate the basic mechanisms involved in plant cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE A simple and powerful protocol, independent of Arabidopsis genotypes, was established using a PVS2 protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two PVS2 (a and b), one PVS3 droplet-vitrification and one DMSO droplet-freezing protocol were tested with alternating temperatures during the growing phase of donor plants. RESULTS PVS2 protocols, including cold acclimation of donor plants, resulted in highest recovery. The PVS2a protocol was successfully applied to a collection of different Arabidopsis genotypes with an average recovery of 94%. In addition, Differential Scanning Calorimetry confirmed the occurrence of glass transitions in the PVS3 and PVS2 protocols. CONCLUSION The PVS2a protocol is suitable to screen the large collection of Arabidopsis mutants and transgenic lines with the aim to identify cellular functions associated with cryopreservation tolerance.
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Cellular stress responses during cryo-induced stress in Arabidopsis shoot tips. Cryobiology 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Not at LDL cholesterol goal? Consider statin responsiveness. Atherosclerosis 2016; 252:205-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21 T regulatory cell depletion in controller macaques reactivates SIV and boosts CTLs. J Virus Erad 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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The role of mental health in the relationship between walking and cognitive ability in older adults in Indonesia. J Sci Med Sport 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Landmark position paper on paediatric familial hypercholesterolaemia from the EAS Consensus Panel. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:277-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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21
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Statin-associated muscle symptoms EAS Consensus Panel paper focuses on this neglected patient group. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:346-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Highlights of the 83rd European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) annual Congress, Glasgow 22-25 March, 2015. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:45-7. [PMID: 26177273 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Incidence of bleeding in 8172 percutaneous ultrasound-guided intraabdominal diagnostic and therapeutic interventions - results of the prospective multicenter DEGUM interventional ultrasound study (PIUS study). ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2015; 36:122-131. [PMID: 25876060 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the incidence of bleeding after percutaneous ultrasound guided diagnostic and therapeutic intraabdominal interventions in a prospective multicentre study (DEGUM percutaneous interventional ultrasound study). MATERIALS AND METHODS Within a time period of 2 years diagnostic and therapeutic intraabdominal interventions (with the exclusion of ascites paracentesis) performed percutaneously under continuous ultrasound (US) guidance were prospectively assessed using a pseudonymized standardized web site entry form. Number and type of intervention, operator experience, patient characteristics, medication, lab data as well as technical aspects of the procedure and bleeding complications were analysed according to the interventional radiology standards. RESULTS 8172 US-guided intraabdominal interventions (liver n = 5903; pancreas n = 501, kidney n = 434, lymph node = 272, biliary system n = 153, spleen n = 63, other abdominal organs and extra-organic targets n = 999) were analysed in 30 hospitals. The majority were diagnostic biopsies including 1780 liver parenchyma, 3400 focal liver lesions and 404 pancreatic lesions. 7525 interventions (92.1 %) were performed in hospitalized patients (mean age 62.6 years). Most operators were highly experienced in US-guided interventions (> 500 interventions prior to the study n = 5729; 70.1 %). Sedation was administered in 1131 patients (13.8 %). Needle diameter was ≥ 1 mm in 7162 punctures (87.9 %) with main focus on core needle biopsies (18 G, n = 4185). Clinically relevant bleeding complications with need of transfusion (0.4 %), surgical bleeding control (0.1 %) and radiological coiling (0.05 %) were very rare. Bleeding complications with fatal outcome occurred in four patients (0.05 %). The frequency of major bleeding complications was significantly higher in patients with an INR > 1.5 (p < 0.001) and patients taking a medication potentially interfering with platelet function or plasmatic coagulation (p < 0.0333). CONCLUSION This prospective multicentre study confirms the broad spectrum of percutaneous US-guided intraabdominal interventions. However diagnostic liver biopsies dominate with the use of core needle biopsies (18 G). Percutaneous US-guided interventions performed by experienced sonographers are associated with a low bleeding risk. Major bleeding complications are very rare. A pre-interventional INR < 1.5 and individual medication risk assessment are recommended.
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Focus on lifestyle: EAS Consensus Panel Position Statement on Phytosterol-added Foods. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:142-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Improving the care of high-risk patients: The potential of PCSK9. Atherosclerosis 2014; 232:420-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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P3.382 Post-Neonatal Pediatric Circumcision in the United States, 2010. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and HDL: What do recent trials tell us? Atherosclerosis 2013; 228:329-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gut microbiota: an environmental risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2013; 229:440-2. [PMID: 23880200 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Potential biosignatures in super-Earth atmospheres II. Photochemical responses. ASTROBIOLOGY 2013; 13:415-438. [PMID: 23683046 PMCID: PMC3941937 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2012.0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Spectral characterization of super-Earth atmospheres for planets orbiting in the habitable zone of M dwarf stars is a key focus in exoplanet science. A central challenge is to understand and predict the expected spectral signals of atmospheric biosignatures (species associated with life). Our work applies a global-mean radiative-convective-photochemical column model assuming a planet with an Earth-like biomass and planetary development. We investigated planets with gravities of 1g and 3g and a surface pressure of 1 bar around central stars with spectral classes from M0 to M7. The spectral signals of the calculated planetary scenarios have been presented by in an earlier work by Rauer and colleagues. The main motivation of the present work is to perform a deeper analysis of the chemical processes in the planetary atmospheres. We apply a diagnostic tool, the Pathway Analysis Program, to shed light on the photochemical pathways that form and destroy biosignature species. Ozone is a potential biosignature for complex life. An important result of our analysis is a shift in the ozone photochemistry from mainly Chapman production (which dominates in Earth's stratosphere) to smog-dominated ozone production for planets in the habitable zone of cooler (M5-M7)-class dwarf stars. This result is associated with a lower energy flux in the UVB wavelength range from the central star, hence slower planetary atmospheric photolysis of molecular oxygen, which slows the Chapman ozone production. This is important for future atmospheric characterization missions because it provides an indication of different chemical environments that can lead to very different responses of ozone, for example, cosmic rays. Nitrous oxide, a biosignature for simple bacterial life, is favored for low stratospheric UV conditions, that is, on planets orbiting cooler stars. Transport of this species from its surface source to the stratosphere where it is destroyed can also be a key process. Comparing 1g with 3g scenarios, our analysis suggests it is important to include the effects of interactive chemistry.
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20 Jahre Geburtskohorte BABYDIAB/BABYDIÄT: Extrem hohe Erkrankungsrate bei Kindern mit positiven Inselautoantikörpern - Konsequenzen für die Diagnostik des Typ 1 Diabetes im frühen Krankheitsstadium. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Earthquake in a Maze: Compressional Rupture Branching During the 2012 Mw 8.6 Sumatra Earthquake. Science 2012; 337:724-6. [PMID: 22821986 DOI: 10.1126/science.1224030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Wachstum in der frühen Kindheit und Entwicklung von Inselautoimmunität und Typ 1 Diabetes bei Kindern mit familiären Typ 1 Diabetes-Risiko. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Arzoxifene versus raloxifene: effect on bone and safety parameters in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:1091-101. [PMID: 21374068 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Arzoxifene increased bone mineral density and decreased bone turnover to a significantly greater extent than raloxifene. The hot flush incidence was lower with arzoxifene than raloxifene. INTRODUCTION To assess the effect of arzoxifene versus raloxifene on change in lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. METHODS In this 12-month study (NEXT trial), participants were randomly assigned to arzoxifene 20 mg/day (N = 158) or raloxifene 60 mg/day (N = 162). All received daily calcium and vitamin D. Change in LS BMD was assessed by DXA. Secondary objectives included assessment of femoral neck (FN) and total hip BMD, serum bone turnover markers, and safety. RESULTS Treatment groups were similar at baseline (mean age 63 years, mean LS BMD T-score -2.9). At 12 months, the increase in LS BMD with arzoxifene was greater than with raloxifene (+2.75% vs. +1.66%), as was FN and total hip BMD (P < 0.05). For LS and FN, this effect was also evident at 6 months. Arzoxifene reduced bone turnover to a greater extent than raloxifene at 3, 6, and 12 months (P < 0.05). The proportion of women reporting ≥ 1 adverse event did not differ between treatment groups, nor did vaginal bleeding. No cases of endometrial polyps, hyperplasia, or cancer were reported. Nasopharyngitis and bronchitis were reported more frequently with arzoxifene versus raloxifene (10.1% vs. 2.5%, and 5.1% vs. 0%, respectively) and new/worsening hot flushes were reported less frequently with arzoxifene (7.0% vs. 16.7%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Arzoxifene increased BMD and suppressed bone turnover to a greater extent than raloxifene and resulted in a lower incidence of new/worsening hot flushes. Based on subsequent findings from a fracture outcome study, this difference did not translate into improved fracture efficacy.
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Do current criteria for ‘healthy BMI’ in adolescence warrant a re-think? Atherosclerosis 2011; 219:30-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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New studies in atherosclerosis research. Atherosclerosis 2011; 219:399-401. [PMID: 22078130 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Reducing visceral adipose tissue mass is essential for improving endothelial function in type 2 diabetes prone individuals. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212:575-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Akuter thorakaler Vernichtungsschmerz bei einem Zahnarztbesuch – Fall 3/2010. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2010; 135:394. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1247610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Die Glykogen-Hepatopathie ist eine hepatische Komplikation bei schlecht eingestelltem Typ-1-Diabetes. Eine Fallbeschreibung. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Endothelial NO-synthase intron 4 polymorphism is associated with disturbed in vivo nitric oxide production in individuals prone to type 2 diabetes. Horm Metab Res 2008; 40:13-7. [PMID: 18095216 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1004527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance, as well as vascular disease, both share a relevant genetic background taking the influence of a positive family history of these disorders. On the other hand, insulin resistance is associated with a proatherosclerotic disturbance in nitric oxide dependent vasodilation, probably contributing to the link between these two disorders. We examined the association between nitric oxide dependent vasodilation (measured with high resolution ultrasound at 13 MHz) and three relevant NO-synthase (eNOS)-polymorphisms in 200 insulin resistant subjects participating in the Tuebinger Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP). This study revealed that carriers of the eNOS intron 4 polymorphism (aa 2.16%; ab 24.2%; bb 73.2%) show significantly worse endothelial, and thereby eNOS dependent vasodilation (p=0.03, multivariate ANOVA), as compared to wildtype carriers. The 5' UTR T-786C and the G894 T polymorphism did not show any influence on eNOS-activity. In subjects at increased risk to develop type 2 diabetes, the eNOS intron 4 polymorphism is independently associated with endothelial function as indicated by disturbed endothelial NO production. Due to the high prevalence and the relatively strong effect, this polymorphism might help to identify subjects at increased risk for atherosclerosis associated with overweight and insulin resistance.
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Disruption of the neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3) in mice leads to cognitive deficits. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2007; 194:185-95. [PMID: 17558564 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-007-0828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2007] [Accepted: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The structurally related neuropeptides, substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B, belong to a family of molecules termed tachykinins and are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These peptides mediate their effects through three G protein coupled receptor subtypes, the neurokinin-1, neurokinin-2 and neurokinin-3 receptors, respectively. OBJECTIVE To study the physiological functions of NK3, a line of NK3 knockout mice were generated and characterized in a broad spectrum of well-established behavioral tests. RESULTS In several tests, including spontaneous locomotor activity, elevated plus maze, forced swim, and hot plate, wild-type and knockout mice performed similarly. However, in several cognition tests, including passive avoidance, acquisition of conditioned avoidance responding (CAR), and the Morris water maze, NK3 knockout mice displayed deficits compared to wild-type mice. Although NK3 wild-type and knockout mice performed similarly in the training phase of the passive avoidance test, knockout mice had shorter latencies to enter the dark compartment on days 3 and 4, suggesting impaired retention. In the acquisition phase of the conditioned avoidance responding assay, NK3 knockout mice acquired the CAR task at a slower rate than wild-type mice. Once the CAR test was acquired, both NK3 wild-type and knockout mice responded similarly to clozapine and risperidone, drugs which suppress responding in this test. In the Morris water maze, NK3 knockout mice showed increased latencies to find the escape platform on day 3 of training, suggesting a modest, but significant delay in acquisition compared to wild-type mice. CONCLUSION These studies suggest a role for NK3 in learning and memory in mice.
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Lebensstilinduzierte Erhöhung der Insulinwirkung führt zur Verbesserung der endothelialen Funktion und zur Reduktion der Intima-Media-Dicke. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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[Early systolic notched peripheral Doppler flow pattern as an indicator of functional obstruction of the common iliac artery after iatrogenic aortic dissection: a case report]. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2006; 27:176-9. [PMID: 16612726 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 57-year-old male patient with typical claudication localised in the right thigh, following aortic valve replacement. The ankle brachial index under resting conditions is within normal range on both sides. A conspicuous monomorphic double-humped peripheral Doppler flow pattern with an early systolic notch extending to the baseline can be registered in all the arteries of the right lower limb. The flow patterns of all other peripheral arteries are properly configured and of triphasic morphology. As the underlying cause of the pathologically altered Doppler flow morphology, aortic dissection Type A can be detected, extending from the former cannulation site of the ascending aorta into the right common iliac artery. Its dissection membrane functionally occludes the right common iliac artery in the early systole, the effect being brief and reversible. The pathogenesis of this morphologically altered Doppler flow pattern and potential differential diagnoses are discussed in this case report, also considering the current literature.
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Variationen im eNOS III Gen und deren Assoziation mit der endothelialen Dysfunktion in Individuen mit erhöhtem Typ 2 Diabetes-Risiko. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-943837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Early carotid atherosclerosis in overweight non-diabetic individuals is associated with subclinical chronic inflammation independent of underlying insulin resistance. Horm Metab Res 2005; 37:331-5. [PMID: 15971158 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-861479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Overweight in children and young adults is an increasing problem in Western industrialized countries with potential impact on cardiovascular morbidity. Whether early arterial wall thickening in these subjects mainly results from the often associated insulin resistance syndrome or from increased subclinical chronic inflammation probably triggered by adipose tissue is still under discussion. We therefore determined insulin sensitivity index (ISI) by performing an euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp (insulin infusion rate 1 mU/kg/min) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in relation to the intima-media thickness (IMT) at the common carotid artery (high resolution ultrasound; 13 MHz) in 81 young (age 33 +/- 1 years), moderately overweight subjects. To reduce the number of confounding variables, subjects with disturbances in glucose metabolism (75 g oral glucose tolerance test) and hypertension were excluded. As expected, higher BMI was positively correlated with increased IMT (r = 0.358; p = 0.001). After multiple regression analysis, hsCRP levels independently correlated to IMT (r = 0.251; p = 0.03), even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, ISI, LDL cholesterol and smoking as cofactors. However, taking all above listed factors into account, glucose-clamp assessed insulin sensitivity was not correlated with IMT. Thus, overweight might trigger inflammatory mechanisms leading to vascular wall hypertrophy independent of the insulin resistance syndrome already early in life.
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Über Silberferrite. IV. Mitteilung. Die Bestimmung der Struktur von Eisen(III)hydroxyden mit Hilfe der Silberferritsynthese. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19322040408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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