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Karri V, Lin H, Velazquez J, Batajoo A, Parekh D, Stanton W, Abhyankar H, El-Mallawany NK, Agrusa J, Eckstein O, Gulati N, Schwartz J, Woods-Swafford W, Boyd J, Saha A, Allen CE, McClain KL. Clinical, radiological and molecular responses to combination chemotherapy with MAPK pathway inhibition in relapsed and refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1882-1887. [PMID: 38501390 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Optimal therapeutic approaches for advanced Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) are not known. We assessed the safety and efficacy of combined chemotherapy with MAPK pathway inhibition in 10 patients with refractory systemic disease and/or LCH-associated neurodegeneration. Overall response rate was 9/10 (90%) for the entire cohort: 5/5 (100%) for patients with systemic disease and 6/7 (86%) for patients with central nervous system disease. BRAFV600E+ peripheral blood fraction decreased in 5/6 (83%). Toxicities included fever, skin rash, myalgias, neuropathy, cytopenias and hypocalcaemia. Prospective trials are required to optimize combination strategies, determine potential to achieve cure and compare outcomes to chemotherapy or MAPK inhibitor monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekanudeep Karri
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Howard Lin
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica Velazquez
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Akanksha Batajoo
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Deevyashali Parekh
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Whitney Stanton
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Harshal Abhyankar
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nader K El-Mallawany
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Agrusa
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Olive Eckstein
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nitya Gulati
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schwartz
- Studer Family Children's Hospital Pediatric Blood and Cancer, Pensacola, Florida, USA
| | - Wendy Woods-Swafford
- Unity Point Health, Blank Children's Hospital Cancer and Blood Disorders Clinic, Des Moines, Iowa, USA
| | - Jaime Boyd
- Pediatra Hematólogo y Oncólogo at Consultorios Royal Center, Panamá City, Panama
| | - Anikit Saha
- Prisma Health Cancer Institute, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carl E Allen
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth L McClain
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Milne P, Bomken S, Slater O, Kumar A, Nelson A, Roy S, Velazquez J, Mankad K, Nicholson J, Yeomanson D, Grundy R, Kamal A, Penn A, Pears J, Millen G, Morland B, Hayden J, Lam J, Madkhali M, MacDonald J, Singh P, Pagan S, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Minkov M, Donadieu J, Picarsic J, Allen C, Bigley V, Collin M. Lineage switching of the cellular distribution of BRAFV600E in multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood Adv 2023; 7:2171-2176. [PMID: 36112425 PMCID: PMC10196915 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most children with high-risk Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) have BRAFV600E mutation. BRAFV600E alleles are detectable in myeloid mononuclear cells at diagnosis but it is not known if the cellular distribution of mutation evolves over time. Here, the profiles of 16 patients with high-risk disease were analyzed. Two received conventional salvage chemotherapy, 4 patients on inhibitors were tracked at intervals of 3 to 6 years, and 10 patients, also given inhibitors, were analyzed more than 2 years after diagnosis. In contrast to the patients responding to salvage chemotherapy who completely cleared BRAFV600E within 6 months, children who received inhibitors maintained high BRAFV600E alleles in their blood. At diagnosis, mutation was detected predominantly in monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells. With time, mutation switched to the T-cell compartment, which accounted for most of the mutational burden in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, more than 2 years from diagnosis (median, 85.4%; range, 44.5%-100%). The highest level of mutation occurred in naïve CD4+ T cells (median, 51.2%; range, 3.8%-93.5%). This study reveals an unexpected lineage switch of BRAFV600E mutation in high-risk LCH, which may influence monitoring strategies for the potential withdrawal of inhibitor treatment and has new implications for the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, which occurred in 4 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Milne
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Bomken
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Slater
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Adam Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Somak Roy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jessica Velazquez
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Nicholson
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Yeomanson
- Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Grundy
- Children’s Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Penn
- Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester University, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Pears
- Children’s Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard Millen
- Haematology and Oncology, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bruce Morland
- Haematology and Oncology, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Hayden
- Paediatric Oncology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Lam
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Maymoon Madkhali
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, Samtah General Hospital, Jazan Health, Ministry of Health, Samtah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamie MacDonald
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Preeti Singh
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Pagan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Milen Minkov
- St. Anna Children’s Hospital, Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean Donadieu
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Picarsic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Carl Allen
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Collin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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3
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Sengal A, Velazquez J, Hahne M, Burke TM, Abhyankar H, Reyes R, Olea W, Scull B, Eckstein OS, Bigenwald C, Bollard CM, Yu W, Merad M, McClain KL, Allen CE, Chakraborty R. Overcoming T-cell exhaustion in LCH: PD-1 blockade and targeted MAPK inhibition are synergistic in a mouse model of LCH. Blood 2021; 137:1777-1791. [PMID: 33075814 PMCID: PMC8020265 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasia characterized by granulomatous lesions containing pathological CD207+ dendritic cells (DCs) with persistent MAPK pathway activation. Standard-of-care chemotherapies are inadequate for most patients with multisystem disease, and optimal strategies for relapsed and refractory disease are not defined. The mechanisms underlying development of inflammation in LCH lesions, the role of inflammation in pathogenesis, and the potential for immunotherapy are unknown. Analysis of the immune infiltrate in LCH lesions identified the most prominent immune cells as T lymphocytes. Both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells exhibited "exhausted" phenotypes with high expression of the immune checkpoint receptors. LCH DCs showed robust expression of ligands to checkpoint receptors. Intralesional CD8+ T cells showed blunted expression of Tc1/Tc2 cytokines and impaired effector function. In contrast, intralesional regulatory T cells demonstrated intact suppressive activity. Treatment of BRAFV600ECD11c LCH mice with anti-PD-1 or MAPK inhibitor reduced lesion size, but with distinct responses. Whereas MAPK inhibitor treatment resulted in reduction of the myeloid compartment, anti-PD-1 treatment was associated with reduction in the lymphoid compartment. Notably, combined treatment with MAPK inhibitor and anti-PD-1 significantly decreased both CD8+ T cells and myeloid LCH cells in a synergistic fashion. These results are consistent with a model that MAPK hyperactivation in myeloid LCH cells drives recruitment of functionally exhausted T cells within the LCH microenvironment, and they highlight combined MAPK and checkpoint inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Sengal
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Jessica Velazquez
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Meryl Hahne
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Thomas M Burke
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Harshal Abhyankar
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Robert Reyes
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Walter Olea
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Brooks Scull
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Olive S Eckstein
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Camille Bigenwald
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, and
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC; and
| | - Wendong Yu
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, and
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kenneth L McClain
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Carl E Allen
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Rikhia Chakraborty
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
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4
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Castrillo M, Bich G, Kramer G, Velazquez J, Rodriguez M, Zapata P, Villalba L. Evaluation of Synthetic and Semi- synthetic Culture Media for Endo-1,4-β- Glucanases Secretion by Trichoderma koningiopsis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mspro.2015.04.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, 357190, Seattle, 98195, USA.
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Abstract
The range of neuropsychiatric symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been prospectively assessed. The authors, working at a tertiary medical center in Mexico City, used the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to evaluate neuropsychiatric symptoms prospectively in 44 MS patients who were stable between relapses and 25 control subjects of similar age, education, and cognitive function. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were present in 95% of patients and 16% of control subjects. Changes present were depressive symptoms (79%), agitation (40%), anxiety (37%), irritability (35%), apathy (20%), euphoria (13%), disinhibition (13%), hallucinations (10%), aberrant motor behavior (9%), and delusions (7%). The only relationships with MRI were between euphoria and hallucinations and moderately severe MRI abnormalities. The authors conclude that diverse types of neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in MS; symptoms are present between exacerbations; and there are variable correlations with MRI abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Diaz-Olavarrieta
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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8
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Gauvreau GM, O'Byrne PM, Moqbel R, Velazquez J, Watson RM, Howie KJ, Denburg JA. Enhanced expression of GM-CSF in differentiating eosinophils of atopic and atopic asthmatic subjects. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1998; 19:55-62. [PMID: 9651180 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.19.1.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher numbers of eosinophil/basophil colony-forming units (Eo/B CFU) are observed in blood of atopic individuals, and can be enhanced in atopic asthmatics by allergen-inhalation challenge. It is known that mature basophils and eosinophils synthesize cytokines relevant to allergic inflammation. To investigate the potential role of growth factors in allergic disease we examined the expression of the hemopoietic cytokines, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-5, in differentiating Eo/B colony cells from normal and atopic individuals, and from atopic asthmatics before and after allergen-inhalation challenge. Peripheral blood was collected from two normal and 12 atopic individuals, and also from 25 atopic asthmatics before and 24 h after allergen challenge. Nonadherent mononuclear cells were isolated and grown in semisolid growth medium. Eo/B colonies were selected and cytospins were prepared for immunocytochemical analysis of colony cells. Eo/B colonies, especially carbol chromotrope 2R+ cells, selected at Days 10, 14, and 18 from atopic donors contained messenger RNA for GM-CSF by combined in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cytochemistry, and demonstrated time-dependent expression of GM-CSF by immunocytochemistry (P = 0.007). Atopic individuals demonstrated a higher percentage of cells expressing GM-CSF than did normal subjects under all growth conditions when examined at Day 14 (P = 0. 04). Atopic asthmatics challenged with inhaled allergen who demonstrated a dual airway response, an increase in the number of blood eosinophils (P = 0.0001), and an increase in the number of Eo/B CFU (P = 0.02) also demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of colony cells expressing immunostainable GM-CSF (P = 0. 0009), but only a variable effect on those expressing IL-5, 24 h after allergen. These results suggest that GM-CSF expression by differentiating Eo/Bs may provide an additional stimulus in vivo to enhance Eo/B progenitor differentiation in atopic and asthmatic individuals, especially after allergen challenge. The concept of microenvironmental differentiation, where blood progenitor cells may aid in their own differentiation, is supported by these ex vivo findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Gauvreau
- Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Lacy P, Levi-Schaffer F, Mahmudi-Azer S, Bablitz B, Hagen SC, Velazquez J, Kay AB, Moqbel R. Intracellular localization of interleukin-6 in eosinophils from atopic asthmatics and effects of interferon gamma. Blood 1998; 91:2508-16. [PMID: 9516152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils, prominent cells in asthmatic inflammation, have been shown to synthesize, store, and release an array of up to 18 cytokines and growth factors, including interleukin-6 (IL-6). In this report, we show that IL-6 immunofluorescence localizes to the matrix of the crystalloid granule in peripheral blood eosinophils from atopic asthmatics using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Granule localization of IL-6 was confirmed using dot-blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on subcellular fractions of highly purified eosinophils produced from density centrifugation across a 0% to 45% Nycodenz gradient. IL-6 was found to coelute with eosinophil crystalloid granule marker proteins, including eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), major basic protein (MBP), arylsulfatase B, and beta-hexosaminidase. Immunoreactivity to IL-6 colocalized with granule-associated IL-2 and IL-5 in subfractionated eosinophils. We also made the novel and compelling observation that interferon gamma (IFNgamma), a Th1-type cytokine, stimulated an early elevation in eosinophil IL-6 immunoreactivity. A 2.5-fold enhancement of IL-6 immunoreactivity in eosinophil granules was observed within 10 minutes of IFNgamma treatment (500 U/mL), as determined by subcellular fractionation and CLSM. These findings suggest that IFNgamma has short-term effects on human eosinophil function and imply that a physiologic role exists for Th1-type cytokine modulation of Th2-type responses in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lacy
- Pulmonary Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Abuin E, Lissi E, Velazquez J. Effect of Additives on the $ \hbox{I}_{2} + \hbox{I}^{-} \leftrightarrow \hbox{I}^{-}_{3} $ Reaction in Micellar Solutions of Sodium Dodecylsulfate: Partitioning and Solubilization Site of Iodine. J Colloid Interface Sci 1996; 177:229-233. [PMID: 10479436 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1996.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The partition constants (K(p)) of iodine between sodium dodecylsulfate micelles and the external media have been measured in the presence of water-soluble (sodium sulfate) and micelle-soluble (n-hexane and n-hexanol) additives. A spectrophotometric method based in the analysis of the alterations provoked by the presence of the surfactant plus the additives upon the reversible reaction taking place between iodine and iodide to give tri-iodide ions was employed (Abuin, E., and Lissi, E., J. Chem. Ed. 69, 340 (1992)). The effect of the additives upon the n-octanol/water partitioning (K(o/w)) of iodine was also determined. The results obtained for K(p) and its relationship with the K(o/w) values are indicative of a preferential localization of iodine at the surface of the micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Abuin
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Quídmica y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 307, Correo, 2, Chile
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Velazquez J, Arriaga M. [Clinical case of cylindroma]. Rev Asoc Odontol Argent 1981; 69:27-30. [PMID: 6267662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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Velazquez J. Studies on nucleation from solution of some analytically important metal chelates. Talanta 1970; 17:623-31. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(70)80011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/1969] [Accepted: 02/13/1970] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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