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Reyes-Guerrero DE, Higuera-Piedrahita RI, Maza-Lopez J, Mendoza-de-Gives P, Camas-Pereyra R, López-Arellano ME. Analysis of P-gp genes relative expression associated to ivermectin resistance in Haemonchus contortus larval stages from in vitro cultures (L 3 and xL 3) and from gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatus) (L 4) as models of study. J Helminthol 2024; 98:e19. [PMID: 38356358 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x24000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the relative gene expression of Haemonchus contortus P-glycoprotein genes (Hco-pgp) between fourth (L4), infective (L3), and transitory infective (xL3) larval stages as laboratory models to study ivermectin (IVM) resistance. The H. contortus resistant to IVM (IVMr) and susceptible to IVM (IVMs) strains were used to develop xL3in vitro culture and to infect Meriones unguiculatus (gerbils) to collect L4 stages. Morphometric differences were evaluated from 25 individuals of H. contortus from each strain. Relative gene expression from xL3 and L4 was determined between comparison of IVMr stages and from IVMr vs IVMs stages. Seven Hco-pgp genes (1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, and 16) were analysed by RT-qPCR using L3 stage as control group, per strain, and GAPDH and β-tubulin as constitutive genes. Morphological changes were confirmed between xL3 and L4 developing oral shape, oesophagus, and intestinal tube. In addition, the body length and width showed statistical differences (p < 0.05). The Hco-pgp1, 2, 3, and 4 genes (p < 0.05) were upregulated from 7.1- to 463.82-fold changes between IVMr stages, and Hco-pgp9 (13.12-fold) and Hco-pgp10 (13.56-fold) genes showed differences between L4 and xL3, respectively. The comparative study between IVMr vs IVMs strains associated to xL3 and L4 displayed significant upregulation for most of the Hco-pgp genes among 4.89-188.71 fold-change. In conclusion, these results suggest the use of H. contortus xL3 and L4 as suitable laboratory models to study IVMr associated with Hco-pgp genes to contribute to the understanding of anthelmintic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Reyes-Guerrero
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Mor., México
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
| | - R I Higuera-Piedrahita
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan Km 2.5, Col. San Sebastián Xhala. Cuautitlán, Estado de México, México
| | - J Maza-Lopez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Mor., México
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
| | - P Mendoza-de-Gives
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Mor., México
| | - R Camas-Pereyra
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Mor., México
| | - M E López-Arellano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Mor., México
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Jaramillo-Tlalapango J, Mendoza-de Gives P, Isabel-Higuera-Piedrahita R, Ocampo-Gutiérrez AY, Eugenia-López-Arellano M, Pérez-Anzúrez G, Olmedo-Juárez A, Hernández-Romano J, Maza-Lopez J, Delgado-Núñez EJ, González-Cortázar M. Study of a Mexican isolate of Arthrobotrys musiformis (Orbiliales): Predatory behavior and nematocidal activity of liquid culture filtrates against Haemonchus contortus (Trichostrongylidae), protein profile and myco-constituent groups. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:1345-1361. [PMID: 37993246 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
A Mexican isolate of the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys musiformis was obtained from a soil sample from the Chapultepec ecological reserve zone, in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. This isolate demonstrated an important predatory activity (74.9%) against the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus (L3) and its fungal liquid culture filtrates (LCF) grown in two media showed the following highest nematocidal activities (NA): In Czapek-DoxBroth (CzDoxB) 80.66% and potato-dextrose broth (PDB) 49.84%. Additionally, two major compounds derived from carboxylic acids and two derivates from alkane group were identified by GC-MS. These compounds have been associated to many biological activities. On the other hand, the protein profile analysis by SDS-electrophoresis followed by a zymogram revealed a 10 kDa protein with protease activity. This study provides important information for future experiments focused to explore the potential use of this protein as well as the identified bioactive compounds presents in the LCF as potential candidates against sheep haemonchosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Jaramillo-Tlalapango
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico; Department of Research, Polytechnic University of Morelos State (UPEMOR), Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnáhuac No. 566, Colonia Lomas del Texcal, 62550 Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Pedro Mendoza-de Gives
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico.
| | | | - Ana Yuridia Ocampo-Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico; Faculty of Advanced Studies Cuautitlán, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán 54714, Mexico.
| | - María Eugenia-López-Arellano
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Pérez-Anzúrez
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico
| | - Jesús Hernández-Romano
- Department of Research, Polytechnic University of Morelos State (UPEMOR), Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnáhuac No. 566, Colonia Lomas del Texcal, 62550 Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Morelos, Jiutepec CP 62550, Mexico
| | - Edgar Jesús Delgado-Núñez
- Faculty of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia 40040, Mexico
| | - Manasés González-Cortázar
- South Biochemical Research Center, Social Security Mexican Institute (CIBIS-IMSS), Argentina street No. 1, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico
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Maza-Lopez J, Camas-Pereyra R, López-Arellano ME, Contreras-Ochoa CO. Selection of Molecules with Immunological Potential from Excretory and Secretory Products from the Nematode Haemonchus placei by Cell Proliferation and Gene Expression Assays. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4702. [PMID: 37397796 PMCID: PMC10308192 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The nematodeHaemonchus placeiis a pathogenic parasite, the most seriously affecting ruminant's health and being responsible for enormous economic losses all over the world. The present protocol describes different in vitro techniques to select potential candidate antigens with immune-protective activity from excretory and secretory products (ESP) fromH. placeitransitory infective larvae (xL3). ESP from xL3were obtained from the in vitro infective larvae (L3) maintained in Hank's medium at 37 °C with 5% CO2for 48 h. Then, the presence of ESP proteins was confirmed by SDS-PAGE to be used in an in vitro proliferation assay with bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The ESP were exposed to the PBMCs during two different periods (24 and 48 h). Genes associated with immune response against the nematode were analyzed using relative gene expression and bioinformatic tools. These are simple, economic, and helpful tools to identify potential immune-protective molecules under in vitro conditions for confirming the efficacy of future in vivo assays. Graphical overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria. Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - Rene Camas-Pereyra
- Departamento de Helmintología, Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Progreso, CP 62574, Jiutepec, Morelos, México
| | - María Eugenia López-Arellano
- Departamento de Helmintología, Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Progreso, CP 62574, Jiutepec, Morelos, México
| | - Carla O. Contreras-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, CP 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Reyes-Guerrero DE, Jiménez-Jacinto V, Alonso-Morales RA, Alonso-Díaz MÁ, Maza-Lopez J, Camas-Pereyra R, Olmedo-Juárez A, Higuera-Piedrahita RI, López-Arellano ME. Assembly and Analysis of Haemonchus contortus Transcriptome as a Tool for the Knowledge of Ivermectin Resistance Mechanisms. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030499. [PMID: 36986421 PMCID: PMC10059914 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus (Hc) is an important parasitic nematode of small ruminants. In this study we assembled the transcriptome of Hc as a model to contribute to the knowledge about the profile of the differential gene expression between two Mexican Hc strains under different anthelmintic resistance statuses, one susceptible and the other resistant to ivermectin (IVMs and IVMr, respectively), in order to improve and/or to have new strategies of control and diagnosis. The transcript sequence reads were assembled and annotated. Overall, ~127 Mbp were assembled and distributed into 77,422 transcript sequences, and 4394 transcripts of the de novo transcriptome were matched base on at least one of the following criteria: (1) Phylum Nemathelminthes and Platyhelminthes, important for animal health care, and (2) ≥55% of sequence identity with other organisms. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis (GOEA) was performed to study the level of gene regulation to IVMr and IVMs strains using Log Fold Change (LFC) filtering values ≥ 1 and ≥ 2. The upregulated-displayed genes obtained via GOEA were: 1993 (for LFC ≥ 1) and 1241 (for LFC ≥ 2) in IVMr and 1929 (for LFC ≥ 1) and 835 (for LFC ≥ 2) in IVMs. The enriched GO terms upregulated per category identified the intracellular structure, intracellular membrane-bounded organelle and integral component of the cell membrane as some principal cellular components. Meanwhile, efflux transmembrane transporter activity, ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity and ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity were associated with molecular function. Responses to nematicide activity, pharyngeal pumping and positive regulation of synaptic assembly were classified as biological processes that might be involved in events related to the anthelmintic resistance (AR) and nematode biology. The filtering analysis of both LFC values showed similar genes related to AR. This study deepens our knowledge about the mechanisms behind the processes of H. contortus in order to help in tool production and to facilitate the reduction of AR and promote the development of other control strategies, such as anthelmintic drug targets and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Emanuel Reyes-Guerrero
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Jiutepec C.P. 62574, Morelos, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto
- Unidad Universitaria de Secuenciación Masiva y Bioinformática, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Alejandro Alonso-Morales
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Alonso-Díaz
- Centro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km. 5. Carr. Fed. Tlapacoyan-Martínez de la Torre, Martínez de la Torre C.P. 93600, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Jiutepec C.P. 62574, Morelos, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - René Camas-Pereyra
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Jiutepec C.P. 62574, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Jiutepec C.P. 62574, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rosa Isabel Higuera-Piedrahita
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan Km 2.5, Col. San Sebastián Xhala. Cuautitlán, C.P. 54714, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - María Eugenia López-Arellano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla 8534, Jiutepec C.P. 62574, Morelos, Mexico
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Camas-Pereyra R, Bautista-García GA, Avila G, Alcala-Canto Y, Maza-Lopez J, Reyes-Guerrero DE, Higuera-Piedrahita RI, López-Arellano ME. In silico analysis of two Haemonchus spp. serine protease peptides (S28) and their immunomodulatory activity in vitro. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2023; 253:111545. [PMID: 36681328 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2023.111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro immune modulation of two de novo peptides with hypothetical identity to the serine protease family (S28) from Haemonchus spp. Expression of mRNAs encoding these peptides was confirmed by RTqPCR in L3 and adult stage parasites. Antibodies from serum samples collected from an H. contortus-infected lamb at 60 days post infection detected both peptides, as assessed by indirect ELISA. Lamb peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to each peptide, as well as to the peptide mixture, and cell proliferation assays were performed at 24, 48 and 72 h. The relative expression of the IL4, IL5, IL6, IL13, CXCL8 and FCεR1A genes was quantified by RTqPCR from lamb PBMCs exposed to the peptide mixture at 24 and 48 h. With respect to immune gene expression, 15- and 3-fold upregulation at 24 h was observed with IL5 and CXCL8, respectively, and 2-fold upregulation of CXCL8 at 48 h. In contrast, downregulation of IL5 was stimulated at 48 h. These data suggest that these peptides (pep-hsp and pep-pcx), which show high identity with intestinal and excretion/secretion serine proteases, can trigger immunogenic activity, and suggest that they may be useful as potential parasite vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Camas-Pereyra
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México; Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla Num. 8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62574, México.
| | - Génesis A Bautista-García
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México; Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla Num. 8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62574, México.
| | - Guillermina Avila
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México.
| | - Yazmin Alcala-Canto
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México.
| | - Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México; Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla Num. 8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62574, México.
| | - David E Reyes-Guerrero
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México; Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla Num. 8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62574, México.
| | - Rosa Isabel Higuera-Piedrahita
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, FESC-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carr. Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan Km. 2.5, Edo. de México 54714, México.
| | - María Eugenia López-Arellano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla Num. 8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62574, México.
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Contreras-Ochoa CO, Maza-Lopez J, Mendoza de Gives P, Aguilar-Marcelino L, Mojica-Cardoso C, Dimas-González J, Fernández-Coto DL, Reyna-Figueroa J, López-Arellano ME, Lagunas-Martínez A. Cell death induction by mycelium extracts from Pleurotus spp. on cervical cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6091-6095. [PMID: 35245980 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2045604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms have health benefits, including anti-tumoral properties. We evaluated the cytotoxic and cell death induction effects of water-soluble extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii mycelium in the cervical cancer cell lines HeLa (HVP18+) and SiHa (HVP16+) as well as the non-tumoral cell line HaCaT. Both Pleurotus extracts presented similar protein patterns from 190 to 10 kDa and displayed protease activity on a gelatine substrate. The mycelium extracts of both Pleurotus strains induced a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on HPV+ cells IC50 65 µg), whereas HaCaT cells were less susceptible (IC50 90 µg). The cytotoxic effect at the IC50 concentration was not associated with apoptosis, the activation of Caspases-3/7 was not significantive; only P. eryngii induced a moderate (1.2-fold) increase in SiHa cells. Pleurotus extracts induced autophagy, mainly in SiHa cells (4.3-fold). Neither extracts induced changes in p53 protein expression, suggesting that the cytotoxic effect could be due to p53-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla O Contreras-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Jiutepec, Mexico
| | - Pedro Mendoza de Gives
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Jiutepec, Mexico
| | - Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Jiutepec, Mexico
| | | | | | - Diana L Fernández-Coto
- Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Jesús Reyna-Figueroa
- Departamento de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad Petróleos Mexicanos, Tlalpan, Mexico
| | - Ma Eugenia López-Arellano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Jiutepec, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Lagunas-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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Maza-Lopez J, Contreras-Ochoa CO, Reyes-Guerrero DE, Encarnación-Guevara S, Hernández-Ortíz M, Olmedo-Juárez A, López-Arellano ME. Analysis of the immunomodulatory activity of excreted and secreted products from Haemonchus placei transition infective larvae (xL 3). Vet Parasitol 2021; 298:109512. [PMID: 34271321 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The excretory/secretory (E/S) products released by infective transitory larvae (xL3) of Haemonchus placei have an important biological function in stimulating immune mechanisms during the invasive process. Our objective was to analyse the modulatory activity of 15 and 70 kDa E/S products from H. placei xL3. Both E/S products were collected from xL3in vitro cultures at 24 and 72 h. Proteins were confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and the corresponding spots were elicited by gel isoelectrofocusing (IEF) and characterised by mass spectrometry. Additionally, flow cytometry of CD4+/γδ+ T cells and immune gene expression were performed by proliferation assays using each E/S product to stimulate lymphocyte and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from non-infected calves. The IEF results displayed two spots of 7.0 and 5.7 pI for the 15 and 70 kDa products, respectively. Additionally, 29 and 17 peptides from the 15 and 70 kDa E/S products, respectively, were identified with the hypothetical neurotransmitter and enzymatic functions necessary for larval development. The relative expression displayed upregulation of IL4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, IFNγ, and FCεR1A genes (from 2.0- to 17.6-fold, p < 0.05) stimulated by the 15 and 70 kDa proteins, indicating specific genes against haemonchosis. Although the percentage of median florescence intensity (MFI%) of CD4+/γδ+ T cells did not change for both E/S products compared to the negative control and concanavalin-A stimulated cells as the positive control (p > 0.05), the 15-kDa protein reduced the levels of both T cells, and the 70-kDa proteins increased the γδ+ cells slightly. Additionally, there was increased PBMCs proliferation by the 70 kDa proteins (p < 0.05), denoting the biological role of other immune cells. The 15 and 70 kDa protein E/S products from H. placei xL3 showed modulation of the immune response, and although more studies are required, they indicate important functions in the host/parasite interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad#1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor., C.P. 62209, Mexico
| | - Carla O Contreras-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad#655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor., C.P. 62100, Mexico
| | - David E Reyes-Guerrero
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla#8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62550, Mexico
| | - Sergio Encarnación-Guevara
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Morelos, Av. Universidad s/n Co. Chamilpa 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor., C.P. 62100, Mexico
| | - Magdalena Hernández-Ortíz
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Morelos, Av. Universidad s/n Co. Chamilpa 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor., C.P. 62100, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla#8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62550, Mexico
| | - Ma Eugenia López-Arellano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla#8534, Jiutepec, Mor., C.P. 62550, Mexico.
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Maza-Lopez J, Pacheco-Armenta MJ, Reyes-Guerrero DE, Olmedo-Juárez A, González-Garduño R, Olazarán-Jenkins S, López-Arellano ME. Immune response related to Pelibuey sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes in a tropical region of Mexico. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2020; 21:100422. [PMID: 32862901 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We analysed the immune response involved in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes. Fifteen Pelibuey lambs were grazed in paddocks contaminated with GI nematodes for 13 weeks. To assess the infection, the number of eggs per gram (epg) and the percentage of packed cell volume (pcv) were evaluated. Blood and abomasal tissue samples were collected at week 8 post-infection to analyse the expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, TGF-β and FCεR1A genes. The nematode Haemonchus contortus was the main species identified. In addition, two groups of lambs were classified based on the x ± SE of epg and pcv values: G-1, with 151 ± 28 and 29 ± 0.33%, respectively, and G-2, with 475 ± 59.5 and 26 ± 0.38%, respectively. For G-1, upregulation of IL-4, IL-8, IL-13, TGF-β and FCεR1A genes from 2.42- to 14.99-fold was observed in blood and abomasal tissue samples (p > .05), and IL-5, IL-8 and TGF-β genes had significant gene expression levels in blood (p < .05). For G-2, moderate gene expression levels, ranging from 1.22- to 3.45-fold, were observed in abomasal tissue (p > .05), and the IL-5 gene presented significant gene expression in blood (p < .05). Strong positively correlated values (r) between pcv and IL-4, IL-8 and TGF-β genes were observed in G-1. In contrast, significant negative correlations between epg and IL-4, IL-5 and FCεR1A genes indicate acute infection for G-2. Our results suggest that IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TGF-β and FCεR1A genes are important modulators of GI nematode infections of Pelibuey lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Maza-Lopez
- Facultad de Ingenieros en Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - David E Reyes-Guerrero
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8254, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8254, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, Mexico
| | - Roberto González-Garduño
- Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, Unidad Regional Universitaria Sur-Sureste, Km 7.5, Carr. Teapa-Vicente Guerrero, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Sara Olazarán-Jenkins
- Sitio Experimental Las Margaritas, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Hueytamalco, Pue., Mexico
| | - Ma Eugenia López-Arellano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8254, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, Mexico.
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