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Ezenyi IC, Chirawurah JD, Erhunse N, Agrawal P, Sahal D, Igoli JO. Marmesin isolated from Celtis durandii Engl. root bioactive fraction inhibits β-hematin formation and contributes to antiplasmodial activity. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 317:116804. [PMID: 37352945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria is a leading cause of death in many developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria is endowed with an abundance of medicinal plants, many of which are used to treat malaria. Celtis durandii Engl. is one such plant used as a traditional antimalarial remedy in southeast Nigeria. However, its antiplasmodial potential is poorly explored. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed at identifying the antiplasmodial components of C. durandii root extract through antiplasmodial activity-guided fractionation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dichloromethane/methanol mixture extract (1:1 v/v) of C. durandii root was prepared and partitioned against water to obtain the organic phase, which was further separated by column chromatography into nine (C1 - C9) fractions. The antiplasmodial activity was evaluated by in vitro screening of the different fractions against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Further purification of the active column fractions resulted in a potent anti-Plasmodial compound that was subsequently investigated for its effect on β-hematin formation. Additionally, the isolated compound was characterized and identified as marmesin using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS Celtis durandii root extract exhibited promising antiplasmodial activity {IC50 (μg/ml) 5.92, 6.04, and 6.92} against PfW2mef, PfINDO, and Pf3D7 respectively. Pooled fractions with good antiplasmodial activity {IC50 (μg/ml) Pf3D7: 3.99; PfINDO: 2.24} and selectivity for the parasites (SI: 21) yielded a compound that was fourteen-fold potent in antiplasmodial activity against Pf3D7(IC50: 0.28 μg/ml). It also inhibited β-hematin formation with an IC50 = 150 μM. Further studies using spectral data, literature, and chemical databases identified the purified compound as marmesin. CONCLUSION This work has demonstrated that Celtis durandii root extract has good antiplasmodial activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant P. falciparum. The inhibition of β-hematin formation by marmesin accounts in part for this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma C Ezenyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Idu, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | - Jersley D Chirawurah
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nekpen Erhunse
- Malaria Drug Discovery Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Prakhar Agrawal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Centre for Medicinal Plants and Propolis Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, Pen Resource University, Gombe, Nigeria
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Igoli JO, Teles YCF, Atawodi SE, Ferro VA, Watson DG. Editorial: Ethnopharmacological Strategies for Drug Discovery Against African Neglected Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851064. [PMID: 35529442 PMCID: PMC9068890 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John O. Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: John O. Igoli,
| | - Yanna C. F. Teles
- Departamento de Química e Física, Campus II—Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Sunday E. Atawodi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Federal University Lokoja, Lokoja, Nigeria
| | - Valerie A. Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Alotaibi A, Ebiloma GU, Williams R, Alfayez IA, Natto MJ, Alenezi S, Siheri W, AlQarni M, Igoli JO, Fearnley J, De Koning HP, Watson DG. Activity of Compounds from Temperate Propolis against Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania mexicana. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133912. [PMID: 34206940 PMCID: PMC8272135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanolic extracts of samples of temperate zone propolis, four from the UK and one from Poland, were tested against three Trypanosoma brucei strains and displayed EC50 values < 20 µg/mL. The extracts were fractionated, from which 12 compounds and one two-component mixture were isolated, and characterized by NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry, as 3-acetoxypinobanksin, tectochrysin, kaempferol, pinocembrin, 4′-methoxykaempferol, galangin, chrysin, apigenin, pinostrobin, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, cinnamyl ester/coumaric acid benzyl ester (mixture), 4′,7-dimethoxykaempferol, and naringenin 4′,7-dimethyl ether. The isolated compounds were tested against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of T. brucei and Leishmania mexicana, with the highest activities ≤ 15 µM. The most active compounds against T. brucei were naringenin 4′,7 dimethyl ether and 4′methoxy kaempferol with activity of 15–20 µM against the three T. brucei strains. The most active compounds against L. mexicana were 4′,7-dimethoxykaempferol and the coumaric acid ester mixture, with EC50 values of 12.9 ± 3.7 µM and 13.1 ± 1.0 µM. No loss of activity was found with the diamidine- and arsenical-resistant or phenanthridine-resistant T. brucei strains, or the miltefosine-resistant L. mexicana strain; no clear structure activity relationship was observed for the isolated compounds. Temperate propolis yields multiple compounds with anti-kinetoplastid activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adullah Alotaibi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.A.); (S.A.); (J.O.I.)
| | - Godwin U. Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (G.U.E.); (I.A.A.); (M.J.N.)
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Roderick Williams
- IBEHR, School of Health and Life Science, University of the West of Scotland, High Street, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK;
| | - Ibrahim A. Alfayez
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (G.U.E.); (I.A.A.); (M.J.N.)
- Qassim Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Buraydah 52367, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manal J. Natto
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (G.U.E.); (I.A.A.); (M.J.N.)
| | - Sameah Alenezi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.A.); (S.A.); (J.O.I.)
| | - Weam Siheri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli, Tripoli 50676, Libya;
| | - Malik AlQarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - John O. Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.A.); (S.A.); (J.O.I.)
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (G.U.E.); (I.A.A.); (M.J.N.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi PMB 2373, Nigeria
| | | | - Harry P. De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (G.U.E.); (I.A.A.); (M.J.N.)
- Correspondence: (H.P.D.K.); (D.G.W.)
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.A.); (S.A.); (J.O.I.)
- Correspondence: (H.P.D.K.); (D.G.W.)
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Al-Tannak NF, Anyam JV, Igoli NP, Gray AI, Alzharani MA, Igoli JO. A new sesquiterpene from South African wild ginger ( Siphonochilus aethiopicus (Schweinf) B.L. Burtt). Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4943-4948. [PMID: 34011227 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1914029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new eusdesmane sesquiterpenoid, characterised as 5-acetoxy-9aβ-hydroxy-4aαH-3,5α, 8aβ-trimethyl-4, 4a, 6, 7, 8a, 9-hexahydronaphtho-([2, 3 b]-dihydrofuran-2-one)-8-one or phaeusmane F acetate (1) has been isolated from the rhizomes of the South African variety of wild ginger (iphonochilus aethiopicus (Schweinf) B.L. Burtt). The compound was obtained after a series of column and gel filtration chromatography. Its structure was elucidated by NMR and Mass-Spectrometric analyses, including 1 D-, 2 D-NMR and HR-LCMS. This is an initial report of the compound from a Siphonochilus sp. Previously isolated similar compounds from the plant material were 4aαH-3,5α,8aβ-trimethyl-4,4a,8a,9-tetrahydronaphtho[2,3b]-furan-8-one (siphonochilone) (2), 9aβ-hydroxy-4aαH-3,5α,8aβ-trimethyl-4,4a,8a,9-tetrahydronaphtho-([2,3b]-dihydrofuran-2-one)-8-one (3), 4aαH-3,5α,8aβ-trimethyl-4,4a,8a,9-tetrahydronaphtho-([2,3b]-dihydrofuran-2-one)-8-one (4), 2-hydroxy-4aαH-3,5α,8aβ-trimethyl-4,4a,8a,9-tetrahydro-naphtho[2,3b]- furan-8(5H)-one (5), 4aαH-3,5α,8aβ-trimethyl-4,4a,8a-trihydronaphtho-([2,3b]-dihydrofuran-2-one)-8-one (6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser F Al-Tannak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - John V Anyam
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | | | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mansour A Alzharani
- Poison Control and Forensic Chemistry Center, Ministry of Health, Medina K.S.A
| | - John O Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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Anyam JV, Daikwo PE, Ungogo MA, Nweze NE, Igoli NP, Gray AI, De Koning HP, Igoli JO. Two New Antiprotozoal Diterpenes From the Roots of Acacia nilotica. Front Chem 2021; 9:624741. [PMID: 33968894 PMCID: PMC8097170 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.624741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The powdered roots of the medicinal plant Acacia nilotica were extracted with hexane and ethyl acetate, and the extracts were subjected to column chromatography for the isolation of potentially bioactive compounds and their screening against kinetoplastid pathogens. NMR and HREI mass spectrometric analyses identified two new diterpenes, characterized as 16, 19-dihydroxycassa-12-en-15-one (Sandynone, 1) and (5S, 7R, 8R, 9R, 10S, 13Z, 17S)-7,8:7,17:16,17-triepoxy-7,8-seco-cassa-13-ene (niloticane B, 2). The previously reported (5S,7R,8R,9R,10S) -(-)-7,8-seco-7, 8-oxacassa-13,15-diene-7,17-diol (3), (5S,7R,8R,9R,10S) -(-)-7,8-seco-7, 8-oxacassa-13,15-dien-7-ol-17-al (4), and (5S,7R,8R,9R,10S) -(-)-7,8-seco-7, 8-oxacassa-13,15-dien-7-ol (5) a, mixture of stigmasterol (6a) and sitosterol (6b), and lupeol (7) were also isolated. Several column fractions displayed significant activity against a panel of Trypanosoma and Leishmania spp., and from the most active fraction, compound 4 was isolated with high purity. The compound displayed high activity, particularly against T. brucei, T. evansi, and L. mexicana (0.88-11.7 µM) but only a modest effect against human embryonic kidney cells and no cross-resistance with the commonly used melaminophenyl arsenical and diamidine classes of trypanocides. The effect of compound 4 against L. mexicana promastigotes was irreversible after a 5-h exposure, leading to the sterilization of the culture between 24 and 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- John V Anyam
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Priscilla E Daikwo
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Marzuq A Ungogo
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Nwakaego E Nweze
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Harry P De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John O Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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Zheoat AM, Alenezi S, Elmahallawy EK, Ungogo MA, Alghamdi AH, Watson DG, Igoli JO, Gray AI, de Koning HP, Ferro VA. Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020175. [PMID: 33562567 PMCID: PMC7915666 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium, which grows in the wetlands of Iraq. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant yielded two chalcones, 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone and 2′,5′-dimethoxy-4′,6′-dihydroxychalcone, and two flavanones, 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavanone. The chalcones showed a good antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity while the flavanones were inactive. The EC50 values for 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (0.5 μg/mL), T. congolense (2.5 μg/mL), and Leishmania mexicana (5.2 μg/mL) indicated it was the most active of the compounds. None of the compounds displayed any toxicity against a human cell line, even at 100 µg/mL, or cross-resistance with first line clinical trypanocides, such as diamidines and melaminophenyl arsenicals. Taken together, our study provides significant data in relation to the activity of chalcones and flavanones from P. salicifolium against both parasites in vitro. Further future research is suggested in order to investigate the mode of action of the extracted chalcones against the parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Zheoat
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.M.Z.); (S.A.); (D.G.W.); (J.O.I.); (A.I.G.); (V.A.F.)
- Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Misan 10028, Iraq
| | - Samya Alenezi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.M.Z.); (S.A.); (D.G.W.); (J.O.I.); (A.I.G.); (V.A.F.)
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (E.K.E.); (M.A.U.); (A.H.A.)
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Marzuq A. Ungogo
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (E.K.E.); (M.A.U.); (A.H.A.)
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria
| | - Ali H. Alghamdi
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (E.K.E.); (M.A.U.); (A.H.A.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha 7738-65799, Saudi Arabia
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.M.Z.); (S.A.); (D.G.W.); (J.O.I.); (A.I.G.); (V.A.F.)
| | - John O. Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.M.Z.); (S.A.); (D.G.W.); (J.O.I.); (A.I.G.); (V.A.F.)
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi 2373, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I. Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.M.Z.); (S.A.); (D.G.W.); (J.O.I.); (A.I.G.); (V.A.F.)
| | - Harry P. de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (E.K.E.); (M.A.U.); (A.H.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valerie A. Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (A.M.Z.); (S.A.); (D.G.W.); (J.O.I.); (A.I.G.); (V.A.F.)
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Ungogo MA, Ebiloma GU, Ichoron N, Igoli JO, de Koning HP, Balogun EO. A Review of the Antimalarial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antileishmanial Activities of Natural Compounds Isolated From Nigerian Flora. Front Chem 2020; 8:617448. [PMID: 33425860 PMCID: PMC7786139 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.617448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The West African country Nigeria features highly diverse vegetation and climatic conditions that range from rain forest bordering the Atlantic Ocean in the South to the Desert (Sahara) at the Northern extreme. Based on data from the World Conservation Monitoring Center of the United Nations Environmental Protection, Nigeria, with ~5,000 documented vascular plants, ranks amongst the top 50 countries in terms of biodiversity. Such a rich biodiversity implies that the country is rich in diverse secondary metabolites-natural products/unique chemicals produced by the plant kingdom to confer selective advantages to them. Like many tropical countries, Nigeria is also endemic to numerous infectious diseases particularly those caused by parasitic pathogens. These phytochemicals have been exploited for the treatment of diseases and as a result, a new branch of chemistry, natural product chemistry, has evolved, to try to reproduce and improve the therapeutic qualities of particular phytochemicals. In this review, we have compiled a compendium of natural products, isolated from Nigerian flora, that have been reported to be effective against certain protozoan parasites with the aim that it will stimulate interests for further investigations, and give impetus to the development of the natural products into registered drugs. In total 93 structurally characterized natural compounds have been identified with various levels of anti-parasite activity mainly from Nigerian plants. The synthesis protocol and molecular target for some of these natural anti-parasite agents have been established. For instance, the anti-plasmodial compound fagaronine (7), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid from Fagara zanthoxyloides has been successfully synthesized in the laboratory, and the anti-trypanosomal compound azaanthraquinone (55) elicits its effect by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transfer in trypanosomes. This review also discusses the barriers to developing approved drugs from phytochemicals, and the steps that should be taken in order to accelerate the development of new antiparasitics from the highlighted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzuq A. Ungogo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Godwin U. Ebiloma
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Nahandoo Ichoron
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - John O. Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Harry P. de Koning
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel O. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Nvau JB, Alenezi S, Ungogo MA, Alfayez IAM, Natto MJ, Gray AI, Ferro VA, Watson DG, de Koning HP, Igoli JO. Antiparasitic and Cytotoxic Activity of Bokkosin, A Novel Diterpene-Substituted Chromanyl Benzoquinone From Calliandra portoricensis. Front Chem 2020; 8:574103. [PMID: 33282826 PMCID: PMC7705231 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.574103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calliandra portoricensis is a medicinal plant growing freely in Nigeria. It is used traditionally to treat tuberculosis, as an anthelmintic and an abortifacient. Phytochemical fractionation and screening of its root extracts has yielded a novel (5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-1-chromanyl)-4-methoxy-p-benzoquinone (breverin)-substituted cassane diterpene, which was designated bokkosin. It was obtained from column chromatography of the ethyl acetate extract of the roots. The compound was characterized using IR, NMR (1D and 2D) and mass spectral data. Promising antiparasitic activity was observed against the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei, as well as moderate activity against Trypanosoma congolense and Leishmania mexicana and low toxicity in mammalian cells, with the best in vitro EC50 values against T. b. brucei (0.69 μg/mL against a standard laboratory strain, and its multi-drug resistant clone (0.33 μg/mL). The effect on T. b. brucei in culture was rapid and dose-dependent, leading to apparently irreversible growth arrest and cell death after an exposure of just 2 h at 2 × or 4 × EC50. The identification of bokkosin constitutes the first isolation of this class of compound from any natural source and establishes the compound as a potential trypanocide that, considering its novelty, should now be tested for activity against other microorganisms as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B. Nvau
- Department of Chemistry, Plateau State University, Bokkos, Nigeria
| | - Samya Alenezi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marzuq A. Ungogo
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim A. M. Alfayez
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manal J. Natto
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander I. Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie A. Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Dave G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Harry P. de Koning
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John O. Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Phytochemistry Research Group, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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9
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Ebiloma GU, Ichoron N, Siheri W, Watson DG, Igoli JO, De Koning HP. The Strong Anti-Kinetoplastid Properties of Bee Propolis: Composition and Identification of the Active Agents and Their Biochemical Targets. Molecules 2020; 25:E5155. [PMID: 33167520 PMCID: PMC7663965 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetoplastids are protozoa characterized by the presence of a distinctive organelle, called the kinetoplast, which contains a large amount of DNA (kinetoplast DNA (kDNA)) inside their single mitochondrion. Kinetoplastids of medical and veterinary importance include Trypanosoma spp. (the causative agents of human and animal African Trypanosomiasis and of Chagas disease) and Leishmania spp. (the causative agents of the various forms of leishmaniasis). These neglected diseases affect millions of people across the globe, but drug treatment is hampered by the challenges of toxicity and drug resistance, among others. Propolis (a natural product made by bees) and compounds isolated from it are now being investigated as novel treatments of kinetoplastid infections. The anti-kinetoplastid efficacy of propolis is probably a consequence of its reported activity against kinetoplastid parasites of bees. This article presents a review of the reported anti-kinetoplastid potential of propolis, highlighting its anti-kinetoplastid activity in vitro and in vivo regardless of geographical origin. The mode of action of propolis depends on the organism it is acting on and includes growth inhibition, immunomodulation, macrophage activation, perturbation of the cell membrane architecture, phospholipid disturbances, and mitochondrial targets. This gives ample scope for further investigations toward the rational development of sustainable anti-kinetoplastid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin U. Ebiloma
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK;
| | - Nahandoo Ichoron
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi 2373, Nigeria; (N.I.) (J.O.I.)
| | - Weam Siheri
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK; (W.S.), (D.G.W.)
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK; (W.S.), (D.G.W.)
| | - John O. Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi 2373, Nigeria; (N.I.) (J.O.I.)
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK; (W.S.), (D.G.W.)
| | - Harry P. De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Alenezi SS, Natto MJ, Igoli JO, Gray AI, Fearnley J, Fearnley H, de Koning HP, Watson DG. Novel flavanones with anti-trypanosomal activity isolated from Zambian and Tanzanian propolis samples. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2020; 14:201-207. [PMID: 33160277 PMCID: PMC7649109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of propolis samples from Tanzania and Zambia that screened for activity against Trypanosoma brucei has led to the isolation of two novel flavanones with promising antitrypanosomal activity. The compounds were characterized based on their spectral and physical data and identified as 6-(1,1-dimethylallyl) pinocembrin and 5-hydroxy-4″,4″-dimethyl-5″-methyl-5″-H-dihydrofuranol [2″,3″,6,7] flavanone. The two compounds, together with the propolis extracts and fractions, were assayed against a standard drug-sensitive strain of T. b. brucei (s427 wild-type), multi-drug resistant-resistant T. b. brucei (B48), drug-sensitive T. congolense (1L300) and a derived diminazene-resistant T. congolense strain (6C3), and for toxicity against U947 human cells and RAW 246.7 murine cells. Activity against T. b. brucei was higher than against T. congolense. Interestingly, the Tanzanian propolis extract was found to be more active than its fractions and purified compounds in these assays, with an IC50 of 1.20 μg/mL against T. b. brucei. The results of a cytotoxicity assay showed that the propolis extracts were less toxic than the purified compounds with mean IC50 values > 165.0 μg/mL. Two samples of propolis from East Africa display good activity against Trypanosoma brucei and T. congolense. Activity against both wild type and pentamidine and diminazene resistant forms. Two novel flavonoids and one known flavonoid were isolated from Tanzanian and Zambian propolis samples and characterized. Pure isolated compounds not much more active than crude extracts. Repeated observation of anti-protozoal activity shows the importance of propolis indefending the hive against infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samya S Alenezi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G40RE, Glasgow, UK
| | - Manal J Natto
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Sir Graeme Davies Building 120 University Place, G12 8TA, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G40RE, Glasgow, UK; Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G40RE, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Sir Graeme Davies Building 120 University Place, G12 8TA, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
| | - David G Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G40RE, Glasgow, UK.
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11
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Igoli NP, Al-Tannak NF, Ezenyi IC, Gray AI, Igoli JO. Antiplasmodial activity of a novel diarylheptanoid from Siphonochilus aethiopicus. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5588-5595. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1799358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naser F. Al-Tannak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ifeoma C. Ezenyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I. Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - John O. Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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12
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Obeid MA, Gany SAS, Gray AI, Young L, Igoli JO, Ferro VA. Niosome-encapsulated balanocarpol: compound isolation, characterisation, and cytotoxicity evaluation against human breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:195101. [PMID: 31958777 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6d9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been successfully used to treat various ailments since ancient times and currently several anticancer agents based on natural products are used as the main therapy to treat cancer patients, or as a complimentary treatment to chemotherapy or radiation. Balanocarpol, which is a promising natural product that has been isolated from Hopea dryobalanoides, has been studied as a potential anticancer agent but its application is limited due to its high toxicity, low water solubility, and poor bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of this study is to improve the characteristics of balanocarpol and increase its anticancer activity through its encapsulation in a bilayer structure of a lipid-based nanoparticle drug delivery system where the application of nanotechnology can help improve the limitations of balanocarpol. The compound was first extracted and isolated from H. dryobalanoides. Niosome nanoparticles composed of Span 80 (SP80) and cholesterol were formulated through an innovative microfluidic mixing method for the encapsulation and delivery of balanocarpol. The prepared particles were spherical, small, and uniform with an average particles size and polydispersity index ∼175 nm and 0.088, respectively. The encapsulation of balanocarpol into the SP80 niosomes resulted in an encapsulation efficiency of ∼40%. The niosomes formulation loaded with balanocarpol showed a superior anticancer effect over the free compound when tested in vitro on human ovarian carcinoma (A2780) and human breast carcinoma (ZR-75-1). This is the first study to report the use of SP80 niosomes for the successful encapsulation and delivery of balanocarpol into cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Obeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Macaúbas-Silva C, Félix MDG, Aquino AKSD, Pereira-Júnior PG, Brito EVDO, Oliveira-Filho AAD, Igoli JO, Watson DG, Teles YCF. Araçain, a tyrosol derivative and other phytochemicals from Psidium guineense Sw. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2424-2428. [PMID: 31581838 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1672683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Psidium guineense Sw. (Myrtaceae) is a shrub distributed all over South America and Brazil. Its leaves are traditionally used to treat digestive problems and infections. Several biological activities have been reported for P. guineense extracts, however phytochemical studies are scarce. The present study is on the isolation of compounds from P. guineense leaf extracts using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques and evaluation of their antibacterial activity. Araçain, a tyrosol derivative was isolated as a natural product for the first time. Other compounds isolated were ursolic acid, a phaeophorbide and three flavonoids. The extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae strains and they showed moderate to high antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Macaúbas-Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
| | - Maysa D G Félix
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
| | - Ana Karoline S de Aquino
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
| | - Paulo G Pereira-Júnior
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
| | | | | | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - David G Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Yanna C F Teles
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
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14
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Alotaibi A, Ebiloma GU, Williams R, Alenezi S, Donachie AM, Guillaume S, Igoli JO, Fearnley J, de Koning HP, Watson DG. European propolis is highly active against trypanosomatids including Crithidia fasciculata. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11364. [PMID: 31388043 PMCID: PMC6684629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracts of 35 samples of European propolis were tested against wild type and resistant strains of the protozoal pathogens Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense and Leishmania mexicana. The extracts were also tested against Crithidia fasciculata a close relative of Crithidia mellificae, a parasite of bees. Crithidia, Trypanosoma and Leishmania are all members of the order Kinetoplastida. High levels of activity were obtained for all the samples with the levels of activity varying across the sample set. The highest levels of activity were found against L. mexicana. The propolis samples were profiled by using liquid chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and principal components analysis (PCA) of the data obtained indicated there was a wide variation in the composition of the propolis samples. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) associated a butyrate ester of pinobanksin with high activity against T. brucei whereas in the case of T. congolense high activity was associated with methyl ethers of chrysin and pinobanksin. In the case of C. fasciculata highest activity was associated with methyl ethers of galangin and pinobanksin. OPLS modelling of the activities against L. mexicana using the mass spectrometry produced a less successful model suggesting a wider range of active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alotaibi
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Godwin U Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Roderick Williams
- IBEHR, School of Health and Life Science, University of the West of Scotland, High Street, Paisley, PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Samya Alenezi
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Donachie
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Selome Guillaume
- IBEHR, School of Health and Life Science, University of the West of Scotland, High Street, Paisley, PA1 2BE, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | | | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - David G Watson
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
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15
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Zheoat AM, Gray AI, Igoli JO, Ferro VA, Drummond RM. Hibiscus acid from Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae) has a vasorelaxant effect on the rat aorta. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:5-13. [PMID: 30690125 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae) is a plant that is widely recognised for its antihypertensive properties; however the constituent(s) responsible for this biological activity are presently unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the potential compounds that are responsible for the vasorelaxant activity of H. sabdariffa. Thereafter, the mechanisms involved in producing the vasorelaxation were investigated. The plant was extracted consecutively with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The methanolic extract was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation in order to isolate pure compounds that possessed vasorelaxant activity. The vascular effects of the pure compounds were studied on the rat aorta in vitro using myography techniques. Hibiscus acid produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of the rat aorta pre-contracted with either phenylephrine (3 μM) or KCl (60 mM), irrespective of the presence of the endothelium. When the tissue was pre-contracted with phenylephrine, the concentration required to produce 50% relaxation (IC50), was 0.09 ± 0.01 mg/ml. Hibiscus acid had no effect on the phasic contraction induced by phenylephrine in Ca2+-free physiological solution; but it did affect the component of the contraction that is due to Ca2+ influx. In parallel studies, garcinia acid, a diastereoisomer of hibiscus acid, was found to have an almost identical vasorelaxant effect. The vasorelaxant action of both compounds is most likely due to the inhibition of Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Zheoat
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Valerie A Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Robert M Drummond
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
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16
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Al-Tannak NF, Khadra I, Igoli NP, Igoli JO. LC-MS analysis of oils of Monodora myristica and Monodora tenuifolia and isolation of a novel cyclopropane fatty acid. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:1227-1232. [PMID: 30663373 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1556653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Seeds of Monodora myristica and M. tenuifolia were extracted with hexane and the extracts were subjected to column chromatography, LC-MS and NMR analysis. In addition to masses of previously isolated compounds, other masses corresponding to unidentified compounds from the plants were detected. Using 2 D NMR techniques, one of the fractions from M. tenuifolia was characterised as a novel 13-(2-butylcyclopropyl)-6,9-dodecadienoic acid. However, none of the compounds detected in LC-MS corresponded to the ones previously identified by GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F Al-Tannak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait.,Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim Khadra
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - N P Igoli
- Centre for Food Technology and Research, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - J O Igoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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17
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Ezenyi IC, Igoli JO. Antidiarrhoeal properties of Syzygium guineense leaf extract and identification of chemical constituents in its active column fractions. J Complement Integr Med 2018; 16:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2016-0074/jcim-2016-0074.xml. [PMID: 30367802 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Syzygium guineense (Myrtaceae) has been used in traditional medicine against various ailments, including diarrhoea. This study was conducted to scientifically evaluate the antidiarrheal effects of S. guineense extract and fractions. Methods An ethanol extract of S. guineense leaves was prepared and tested for its effect on small intestinal propulsion in mice and castor oil-induced fluid accumulation in rats. The extract was also evaluated for its effect on itopride-induced small intestine propulsion in mice. Column fractions were also investigated in rats and sub-fractions were tested for activity on spontaneous contractions of isolated rabbit jejunum. Results The results showed that the extract significantly (p<0.05) inhibited intrinsic small intestinal propulsion and itopride-induced propulsive activity, similar to atropine (0.3 mg/kg) although its inhibitory effect against castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation and diarrhoea was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Column separation yielded 14 fractions, with three fractions producing significant (p<0.001) inhibition of small intestinal propulsion. Sub-fractions 1, 7 and 16 obtained from an active column fraction also exhibited relaxant effects on isolated rabbit jejunum. Spectral analysis (proton, 13C NMR) of sub-fractions 7 and 16 revealed the presence of betulinic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid in 7 and a mixture of luteolin and friedelane-type triterpenes in 16. Conclusions These findings provide scientific evidence that S. guineense leaf extract possess antidiarrhoeal activity and may be potentially beneficial in treatment diarrhoeal disease. The identified compounds may also be implicated in its antidiarrhoeal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma C Ezenyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - John O Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria
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18
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Semaan DG, Igoli JO, Young L, Marrero E, Gray AI, Rowan EG. Dataset on the kinetics of the inhibition of PTP1B by the flavonoids and pheophytin A from Allophylus cominia. Data Brief 2018; 17:401-406. [PMID: 29876409 PMCID: PMC5988378 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the research article under the title “in vitro anti-diabetic activity of flavonoids and pheophytins from Allophylus cominia Sw. on PTP1B, DPPIV, alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes” (Semaan et al., 2017) [3]. This article defines the kinetics of inhibition of flavonoids and pheophytin A extracts from A. cominia which showed an inhibition of the PTP1B enzyme activity. The main reason to make these results public is to confirm that this study was followed up and no more experiments are needed, also to confirm that these compounds can be reported as PTP1B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Semaan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - J O Igoli
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - L Young
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - E Marrero
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - A I Gray
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - E G Rowan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
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19
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Semaan DG, Igoli JO, Young L, Gray AI, Rowan EG, Marrero E. In vitro anti-diabetic effect of flavonoids and pheophytins from Allophylus cominia Sw. on the glucose uptake assays by HepG2, L6, 3T3-L1 and fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 216:8-17. [PMID: 29339110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Based on ethno-botanical information collected from diabetic patients in Cuba and firstly reported inhibition of PTP1B and DPPIV enzymes activities, Allophylus cominia (A. cominia) was identified as possible source of new drugs that could be used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH in this study, the activity of the characterised extracts from A. cominia was tested on the glucose uptake using HepG2 and L6 cells, 3T3-L1 fibroblasts and adipocytes as well as their effect on the fat accumulation using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. KEY RESULTS on 2-NBDG glucose uptake assay using HepG2 and L6 cells, extracts from A. cominia enhanced insulin activity by increasing glucose uptake. On HepG2 cells Insulin EC50 of 93 ± 21nM decreased to 13 ± 2nM in the presence of the flavonoids mixture from A.cominia. In L6 cells, insulin also produced a concentration-dependent increase with an EC50 of 28.6 ± 0.7nM; EC50 decreased to 0.08 ± 0.02nM and 5 ± 0.9nM in the presence of 100μg/ml of flavonoids and pheophytins mixtures, respectively. In 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, insulin had an EC50 of >1000nM that decreased to 38 ± 4nM in the presence of the flavonoids extract. However, in adipocytes, insulin produced a significant concentration-dependent increase and an EC50 of 30 ± 8nM was a further confirmation of the insulin responsiveness of the adipocytes to the insulin. At 100µg/ml, flavonoids and pheophytins extracts decreased fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by two folds in comparison to the control differentiated cells (p < 0.05). The crude extract of A. cominia did not show any enhancement of 2-NBDG uptake by 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence or absence of 100nM insulin. In addition, in fully differentiated adipocytes, both extracts produced significant decrease in lipid droplets in the cells and no lipid accumulation were seen after withdrawal of the extracts from the cell growth medium. However, there was no effect of both extracts on total protein concentration in cells as well as on Glut-4 transporters. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS the pharmacological effects of the extracts from A. cominia observed in experimental diabetic models were shown in this study. A. cominia is potentially a new candidate for the treatment and management of T2-DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Semaan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - J O Igoli
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - L Young
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - A I Gray
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - E G Rowan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - E Marrero
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
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20
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Ebiloma GU, Katsoulis E, Igoli JO, Gray AI, De Koning HP. Multi-target mode of action of a Clerodane-type diterpenoid from Polyalthia longifolia targeting African trypanosomes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4613. [PMID: 29545637 PMCID: PMC5854603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have made remarkable contributions to drug discovery and therapy. In this work we exploited various biochemical approaches to investigate the mode of action of 16-α-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13 (14)-Z-dien-15,16-olide (HDK-20), which we recently isolated from Polyalthia longifolia, on Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream trypomastigotes. HDK20 at concentrations ≥ EC50 (0.4 μg/ml) was trypanocidal, with its effect irreversible after only a brief exposure time (<1 h). Fluorescence microscopic assessment of DNA configuration revealed severe cell cycle defects after 8 h of incubation with the compound, the equivalent of a single generation time. This was accompanied by DNA fragmentation as shown by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick-End Labelling (TUNEL) assays. HDK-20 also induced a fast and profound depolarisation of the parasites’ mitochondrial membrane potential and depleted intracellular ATP levels of T. brucei. Overall, HDK20 showed a multi-target mechanism of action, which provides a biochemical explanation for the promising anti-trypanosomatid activity in our previous report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin U Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria
| | - Evangelos Katsoulis
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harry P De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Zheoat AM, Gray AI, Igoli JO, Kennedy AR, Ferro VA. Crystal structures of hibiscus acid and hibiscus acid dimethyl ester isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae). Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:1368-1371. [PMID: 28932476 PMCID: PMC5588582 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017011902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The biologically active title compounds have been isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa plants, hibiscus acid as a dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate [systematic name: (2S,3R)-3-hy-droxy-5-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-furan-2,3-di-carb-oxy-lic acid dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate], C6H6O7·C2H6OS, (I), and hibiscus acid dimethyl ester [systematic name: dimethyl (2S,3R)-3-hy-droxy-5-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-furan-2,3-di-carboxyl-ate], C8H10O7, (II). Compound (I) forms a layered structure with alternating layers of lactone and solvent mol-ecules, that include a two-dimensional hydrogen-bonding construct. Compound (II) has two crystallographically independent and conformationally similar mol-ecules per asymmetric unit and forms a one-dimensional hydrogen-bonding construct. The known absolute configuration for both compounds has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Zheoat
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- Westchem, Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Valerie A Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
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22
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Semaan DG, Igoli JO, Young L, Marrero E, Gray AI, Rowan EG. In vitro anti-diabetic activity of flavonoids and pheophytins from Allophylus cominia Sw . on PTP1B, DPPIV, alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 203:39-46. [PMID: 28341245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethno-botanical information from diabetic patients in Cuba led to the identification of Allophylus cominia as a possible source of new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM). EXPERIMENTAL Chemical characterization of the extracts from A. cominia was carried out using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The extracts were tested for their activity on PTP1B, DPPIV, α-glucosidase enzymes and α-amylase. RESULTS The flavonoid rich fractions from A. cominia inhibited DPPIV enzyme (75.3±2.33%) at 30µg/ml and produced a concentration-dependent inhibition against DPPIV with a Ki value of 2.6µg/ml. At 30µg/ml, flavonoids and pheophytins extracts significantly inhibited PTP1B enzyme (100±2.6% and 68±1% respectively). The flavonoids, pheophytin A and pheophytin B fractions showed significant concentration-dependent inhibition against PTP1B with Ki values of 3µg/ml, 0.64µg/ml and 0.88µg/ml respectively. At 30µg/ml, the flavonoid fraction significantly inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme (86±0.3%) in a concentration-dependent pattern with a Ki value of 2µg/ml. None of the fractions showed significant effects on α-amylase. Fatty acids, tannins, pheophytins A and B, and a mixture of flavonoids were detected in the methanolic extract from A. cominia. The identified flavonoids were mearnsitrin, quercitrin, quercetin-3-alloside, and naringenin-7-glucoside. CONCLUSION The pharmacological effects of the extracts from A. cominia earlier observed in experimental diabetic models was confirmed in this study. Thus a new drug or formulation for the treatment of T2-DM could be developed from A. cominia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Semaan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom.
| | - J O Igoli
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - L Young
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - E Marrero
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - A I Gray
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - E G Rowan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
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Omar R, Igoli JO, Zhang T, Gray AI, Ebiloma GU, Clements CJ, Fearnley J, Edrada Ebel R, Paget T, de Koning HP, Watson DG. The Chemical Characterization of Nigerian Propolis samples and Their Activity Against Trypanosoma brucei. Sci Rep 2017; 7:923. [PMID: 28424496 PMCID: PMC5430459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Profiling of extracts from twelve propolis samples collected from eight regions in Nigeria was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with evaporative light scattering (ELSD), ultraviolet detection (UV) and mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the processed LC-MS data demonstrated the varying chemical composition of the samples. Most of the samples were active against Trypanosoma b. brucei with the highest activity being in the samples from Southern Nigeria. The more active samples were fractionated in order to isolate the component(s) responsible for their activity using medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC). Three xanthones, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-4,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone a previously undescribed xanthone and three triterpenes: ambonic acid, mangiferonic acid and a mixture of α-amyrin with mangiferonic acid (1:3) were isolated and characterised by NMR and LC-MS. These compounds all displayed strong inhibitory activity against T.b. brucei but none of them had higher activity than the crude extracts. Partial least squares (PLS) modelling of the anti-trypanosomal activity of the sample extracts using the LC-MS data indicated that high activity in the extracts, as judged from LCMS2 data, could be correlated to denticulatain isomers in the extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwida Omar
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.,Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Tong Zhang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Alexander I Gray
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Godwin U Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Carol J Clements
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | | | - RuAngeli Edrada Ebel
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Tim Paget
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well-being, University of Sunderland, Wharncliffe Street, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - David G Watson
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
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Dike VT, Vihiior B, Bosha JA, Yin TM, Ebiloma GU, de Koning HP, Igoli JO, Gray AI. Antitrypanosomal Activity of a Novel Taccalonolide from the Tubers of Tacca leontopetaloides. Phytochem Anal 2016; 27:217-221. [PMID: 27313159 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several taccalonolides with various bioactivities have been isolated from Tacca species but no studies to isolate taccalonolides with anti-trypanosomal activity from Tacca leontopetaloides have been reported. OBJECTIVES To analyse extracts of the roots of Tacca leontopetaloides, purify the extracts by column chromatography and identify isolated compounds by spectroscopic methods. The compounds and fractions will be tested for antitrypanosomal activity in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dried roots or tubers of Tacca leontopetaloides, chromatographic separation and spectroscopic identification. RESULTS A novel taccalonolide A propanoate and some known taccalonolides were isolated and their structures were determined by NMR and mass spectrometry CONCLUSION Several taccalonolides were isolated from Tacca leontopetaloides and were found to have in vitro antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and EC50 values for the isolated compounds were from 0.79 µg/mL. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian T Dike
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Burbwa Vihiior
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Joel A Bosha
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Tung Mei Yin
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow, G4 0NR, UK
| | - Godwin Unekwuojo Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow, G4 0NR, UK
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25
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Teles YCF, Horta CCR, Agra MDF, Siheri W, Boyd M, Igoli JO, Gray AI, de Souza MDFV. New Sulphated Flavonoids from Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl (Malvaceae). Molecules 2015; 20:20161-72. [PMID: 26569200 PMCID: PMC6332353 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl (Malvaceae) is commonly used in Brazil to treat bee stings and as an antiseptic. The antioxidant properties of its extracts have been previously demonstrated, thus justifying a phytochemical investigation for its bioactive phenolic constituents. This has yielded five new sulphated flavonoids: 8-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (yannin) (1a); 4′-O-methyl-7-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (beltraonin) (1b); 7-O-sulphate acacetin (wissadulin) (2a); 4′-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (caicoine) (2b) and 3′-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate hypolaetin (pedroin) (3b) along with the known flavonoids 7,4′-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (4), acacetin, apigenin, isoscutellarein, 4′-O-methyl isoscutellarein, 7,4′-di-O-methylisoscutellarein, astragalin and tiliroside. The compounds were isolated by column chromatography and identified by NMR (1H, 13C, HMQC, HMBC and COSY) and LC-HRMS. A cell based assay was carried out to evaluate the preliminary cytotoxic properties of the flavonoids against UVW glioma and PC-3M prostate cancer cells as well as non-tumour cell lines. The obtained results showed that acacetin, tiliroside, a mixture of acacetin + apigenin and the sulphated flavonoids 2a + 2b exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the cell lines tested. Among the tested flavonoids acacetin and tiliroside showed lower IC50 values, presenting promising antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna C F Teles
- Post-Graduation Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria de Fátima Agra
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Weam Siheri
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, UK.
| | - Marie Boyd
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, UK.
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, UK.
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, UK.
| | - Maria de Fátima Vanderlei de Souza
- Post-Graduation Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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Teles YCF, Ribeiro-Filho J, Bozza PT, Agra MDF, Siheri W, Igoli JO, Gray AI, Souza MDFVD. Phenolic constituents from Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl. and anti-inflammatory activity of 7,4'-di-O-methylisoscutellarein. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:1880-4. [PMID: 27498833 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1081196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the first phenolics from Wissadula genus (Malvaceae) and the anti-inflammatory activity of 7,4'-di-O-methylisoscutellarein. Using chromatographic methods, five phenolic compounds were isolated from aerial parts of Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl. The compounds were identified as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, tamgermanetin and 7,4'-di-O-methylisoscutellarein using spectroscopic methods. The flavone 7,4'-di-O-methylisoscutellarein showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting neutrophils recruitment in a mice model of pleurisy and by decreasing significantly the production of cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna C F Teles
- a Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal da Paraíba , João Pessoa , Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria de Fátima Agra
- d Centro de Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal da Paraíba , João Pessoa , Brazil
| | - Weam Siheri
- e Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK
| | - John O Igoli
- e Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK
| | - Alexander I Gray
- e Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK
| | - Maria de Fátima V de Souza
- a Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal da Paraíba , João Pessoa , Brazil
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27
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Chan EWL, Gray AI, Igoli JO, Lee SM, Goh JK. Galloylated flavonol rhamnosides from the leaves of Calliandra tergemina with antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Phytochemistry 2014; 107:148-154. [PMID: 25174555 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Galloylated flavonol rhamnosides identified as kaempferol-3-O-(2″,3″,4″-tri-O-galloyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-(3″,4″-di-O-galloyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-(2″,3″,4″-tri-O-galloyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, together with five known galloylated and non-galloylated flavonol rhamnosides, were isolated from leaves of Calliandra tergemina (L.) Benth. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods and their antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were evaluated by a microdilution method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Wan Ling Chan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Sui Mae Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Joo Kheng Goh
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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28
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Aggarwal B, Singla RK, Ali M, Singh V, Igoli JO, Gundamaraju R, Kim KH. Triterpenic and monoterpenic esters from stems of Ichnocarpus frutescens and their drug likeness potential. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Siheri W, Igoli JO, Gray AI, Nasciemento TG, Zhang T, Fearnley J, Clements CJ, Carter KC, Carruthers J, Edrada-Ebel R, Watson DG. The isolation of antiprotozoal compounds from Libyan propolis. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1756-60. [PMID: 25044090 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is increasingly being explored as a source of biologically active compounds. Until now, there has been no study of Libyan propolis. Two samples were collected in North East Libya and tested for their activity against Trypanosoma brucei. Extracts from both samples had quite high activity. One of the samples was fractionated and yielded a number of active fractions. Three of the active fractions contained single compounds, which were found to be 13-epitorulosal, acetyl-13-epi-cupressic acid and 13-epi-cupressic acid, which have been described before in Mediterranean propolis. Two of the compounds had a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 1.56 µg/mL against T. brucei. The active fractions were also tested against macrophages infected with Leishmania donovani, and again moderate to strong activity was observed with the compounds having IC50 values in the range 5.1-21.9 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weam Siheri
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow, G4 0NR, UK
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30
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Teles YCF, Gomes RA, Oliveira MDS, Lucena KLD, Nascimento JSD, Agra MDF, Igoli JO, Gray AI, Souza MDFVD. PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OFWissadula periplocifolia(L.) C. Presl AND EVALUATION OF ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY. QUIM NOVA 2014. [DOI: 10.5935/0100-4042.20140238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Natural products play a vital role in drug discovery. They have served as the basic reference and initiators in drug discovery programs. Natural products as pure compounds have been involved in western medicine as drugs or lead compounds for drug discovery and development. In traditional medicine, they have been involved for a very long time as medicinal extracts, infusions, decoctions, or other therapeutic preparations. Modern drug discovery programs require an arsenal of drug candidate molecules in pure form whose activities (usually against cells or enzymes) are rapidly determined using high-throughput screening (HTS) and activities are expected in micro- (μM) to nanomolar (nM) levels. The difficulty in meeting today's standards for drug candidate molecules poses the question: are natural products still relevant in modern drug discovery programs? This and other issues, including the spectroscopic investigation of crude extracts, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Gray
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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32
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Igoli JO, Onyiriuka SO, Letzel MC, Nwaji MN, Gray AI. Cassane diterpenoids from Lonchocarpus laxiflorus. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Lonchocarpus laxiflorus yielded three new cassane diterpenoids, lonchocassane A [cassa-13 (14), 15-dien-18, 20-dioic acid], lonchocassane B [cassa-13 (14), 15-dien-20-oxo-18-oic acid] and lonchocassane C [cassa-13 (14), 15-dien-20-carboxyl-18-methylcarboxylate]. The known compounds betulinic acid, betulinic acid acetate, betulin, lupeol, lupenone, trilinoleate, hexacosanyl and triacontanyl caffeates, 4-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol acetate and stigmasterol were also isolated. The structures and identities of the compounds were established by spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O. Igoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Samuel O. Onyiriuka
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Matthias C. Letzel
- Fakultät für Chemie, Organische Chemie I, Universität Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin N. Nwaji
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I. Gray
- Natural Products Research Group, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SIPBS, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow G4 ONR, UK
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