1
|
Xie X, Patnana PK, Frank D, Schütte J, Al-Matary Y, Künstner A, Busch H, Ahmed H, Liu L, Engel DR, Dührsen U, Rosenbauer F, Von Bubnoff N, Lenz G, Khandanpour C. Dose-dependent effect of GFI1 expression in the reconstitution and the differentiation capacity of HSCs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:866847. [PMID: 37091981 PMCID: PMC10113925 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.866847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
GFI1 is a transcriptional repressor and plays a pivotal role in regulating the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) towards myeloid and lymphoid cells. Serial transplantation of Gfi1 deficient HSCs repopulated whole hematopoietic system but in a competitive setting involving wild-type HSCs, they lose this ability. The underlying mechanisms to this end are poorly understood. To better understand this, we used different mouse strains that express either loss of both Gfi1 alleles (Gfi1-KO), with reduced expression of GFI1 (GFI1-KD) or wild-type Gfi1/GFI1 (Gfi1-/GFI1-WT; corresponding to the mouse and human alleles). We observed that loss of Gfi1 or reduced expression of GFI1 led to a two to four fold lower number of HSCs (defined as Lin-Sca1+c-Kit+CD150+CD48-) compared to GFI1-WT mice. To study the functional influence of different levels of GFI1 expression on HSCs function, HSCs from Gfi1-WT (expressing CD45.1 + surface antigens) and HSCs from GFI1-KD or -KO (expressing CD45.2 + surface antigens) mice were sorted and co-transplanted into lethally irradiated host mice. Every 4 weeks, CD45.1+ and CD45.2 + on different lineage mature cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. At least 16 weeks later, mice were sacrificed, and the percentage of HSCs and progenitors including GMPs, CMPs and MEPs in the total bone marrow cells was calculated as well as their CD45.1 and CD45.2 expression. In the case of co-transplantation of GFI1-KD with Gfi1-WT HSCs, the majority of HSCs (81% ± 6%) as well as the majority of mature cells (88% ± 10%) originated from CD45.2 + GFI1-KD HSCs. In the case of co-transplantation of Gfi1-KO HSCs with Gfi1-WT HSCs, the majority of HSCs originated from CD45.2+ and therefore from Gfi1-KO (61% ± 20%); however, only a small fraction of progenitors and mature cells originated from Gfi1-KO HSCs (<1%). We therefore in summary propose that GFI1 has a dose-dependent role in the self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xie
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Pradeep Kumar Patnana
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Daria Frank
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yahya Al-Matary
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Helal Ahmed
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Longlong Liu
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel R. Engel
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank Rosenbauer
- Institute for Molecular Tumor Biology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nikolas Von Bubnoff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Cyrus Khandanpour,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie X, Patnana PK, Frank D, Schütte J, Liu L, Al-Matary YS, Khandanpour C. 3143 – GFI1 EXPRESSION AND ITS ROLE IN THE RECONSTITUTION CAPACITY OF HSCS. Exp Hematol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.12.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
3
|
Schütte J, Reusch J, Khandanpour C, Eisfeld C. Structural Variants as a Basis for Targeted Therapies in Hematological Malignancies. Front Oncol 2019; 9:839. [PMID: 31555592 PMCID: PMC6722867 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural variants (SV) are changes in the genomic landscape that can alter gene expression levels and thus lead to disease development. The most common and best studied SVs in hematological malignancies are chromosomal translocations. Here, parts of two genes that are normally on different chromosomes come into close proximity due to a failure in DNA repair. As a consequence, fusion proteins which show a different function and/or cellular localization compared to the two original proteins are expressed, sometimes even at different levels. The identification of chromosomal translocations is often used to identify the specific disease a patient is suffering from. In addition, SVs such as deletions, duplications, inversions and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can occur in hematopoietic cells and lead to their malignant transformations. Changes in the 3D genome structure have also recently been shown to impact disease development. In this review, we describe a variety of SVs occurring in different subtypes of hematological malignancies. Currently, most therapeutic approaches target fusion proteins which are the cellular product of chromosomal translocations. However, amplifications and SNPs also play a role in disease progression and can be targeted. We present some examples for different types of structural variants and how they are currently treated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schütte
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Reusch
- Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barth J, Abou-El-Ardat K, Dalic D, Kurrle N, Maier AM, Mohr S, Schütte J, Vassen L, Greve G, Schulz-Fincke J, Schmitt M, Tosic M, Metzger E, Bug G, Khandanpour C, Wagner SA, Lübbert M, Jung M, Serve H, Schüle R, Berg T. LSD1 inhibition by tranylcypromine derivatives interferes with GFI1-mediated repression of PU.1 target genes and induces differentiation in AML. Leukemia 2019; 33:1411-1426. [PMID: 30679800 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
LSD1 has emerged as a promising epigenetic target in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We used two murine AML models based on retroviral overexpression of Hoxa9/Meis1 (H9M) or MN1 to study LSD1 loss of function in AML. The conditional knockout of Lsd1 resulted in differentiation with both granulocytic and monocytic features and increased ATRA sensitivity and extended the survival of mice with H9M-driven AML. The conditional knockout led to an increased expression of multiple genes regulated by the important myeloid transcription factors GFI1 and PU.1. These include the transcription factors GFI1B and IRF8. We also compared the effect of different irreversible and reversible inhibitors of LSD1 in AML and could show that only tranylcypromine derivatives were capable of inducing a differentiation response. We employed a conditional knock-in model of inactive, mutant LSD1 to study the effect of only interfering with LSD1 enzymatic activity. While this was sufficient to initiate differentiation, it did not result in a survival benefit in mice. Hence, we believe that targeting both enzymatic and scaffolding functions of LSD1 is required to efficiently treat AML. This finding as well as the identified biomarkers may be relevant for the treatment of AML patients with LSD1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Barth
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khalil Abou-El-Ardat
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Denis Dalic
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Nina Kurrle
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Maier
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mohr
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Medicine A, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Department of Medicine A, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Gabriele Greve
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Schulz-Fincke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schmitt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Milica Tosic
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eric Metzger
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gesine Bug
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Medicine A, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Wagner
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hubert Serve
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Schüle
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Berg
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schütte J, Thivakaran A, Heinrichs D, Al-Matary Y, Vaßen L, Patnana PK, Frank D, Suslo M, Dührsen U, Khandanpour C. Curcumin as a Novel Epigenetic Treatment Approach for GFI1-Associated MDS/AML. Exp Hematol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.06.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
6
|
Marneth AE, Botezatu L, Hönes JM, Israël JCL, Schütte J, Vassen L, Lams RF, Bergevoet SM, Groothuis L, Mandoli A, Martens JHA, Huls G, Jansen JH, Dührsen U, Berg T, Möröy T, Wichmann C, Lo MC, Zhang DE, van der Reijden BA, Khandanpour C. GFI1 is required for RUNX1/ETO positive acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:e395-e399. [PMID: 29674496 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.180844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Marneth
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lacramioara Botezatu
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Judith M Hönes
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Jimmy C L Israël
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Robert F Lams
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Saskia M Bergevoet
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Groothuis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Huls
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joop H Jansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Berg
- Department of Medicine II-Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Tarik Möröy
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Hematopoiesis and Cancer Research Unit, and Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig-Maximilian University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Mia-Chia Lo
- Department of Pathology & Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Bert A van der Reijden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany .,Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thivakaran A, Botezatu L, Hönes JM, Schütte J, Vassen L, Al-Matary YS, Patnana P, Zeller A, Heuser M, Thol F, Gabdoulline R, Olberding N, Frank D, Suslo M, Köster R, Lennartz K, Görgens A, Giebel B, Opalka B, Dührsen U, Khandanpour C. Gfi1b: a key player in the genesis and maintenance of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematologica 2018; 103:614-625. [PMID: 29326122 PMCID: PMC5865438 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.167288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells is regulated by a concert of different transcription factors. Disturbed transcription factor function can be the basis of (pre)malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Growth factor independence 1b (Gfi1b) is a repressing transcription factor regulating quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells and differentiation of erythrocytes and platelets. Here, we show that low expression of Gfi1b in blast cells is associated with an inferior prognosis of MDS and AML patients. Using different models of human MDS or AML, we demonstrate that AML development was accelerated with heterozygous loss of Gfi1b, and latency was further decreased when Gfi1b was conditionally deleted. Loss of Gfi1b significantly increased the number of leukemic stem cells with upregulation of genes involved in leukemia development. On a molecular level, we found that loss of Gfi1b led to epigenetic changes, increased levels of reactive oxygen species, as well as alteration in the p38/Akt/FoXO pathways. These results demonstrate that Gfi1b functions as an oncosuppressor in MDS and AML development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniththa Thivakaran
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lacramioara Botezatu
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Judith M Hönes
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yahya S Al-Matary
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pradeep Patnana
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Amos Zeller
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Haematology, Haemostaseology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Felicitas Thol
- Department of Haematology, Haemostaseology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Razif Gabdoulline
- Department of Haematology, Haemostaseology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadine Olberding
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daria Frank
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marina Suslo
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Renata Köster
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Klaus Lennartz
- Institute for Cell Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andre Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bertram Opalka
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Haematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany .,Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gauler T, Görges R, Bauer S, Stergar H, Antoch G, Bockisch A, Schütte J, Freudenberg LS. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAims: Objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with respect to potential therapy with somatostatin analogue (SST-A) and to assess the response rate under therapy with SST-A. Patients, methods: 16 patients with documented progression of histologically confirmed advanced RCC were included. Planar whole-body SRS was performed 4, 24 and 48h post i.v. injection of 175–200 MBq 111In-pentetreoide. 5 and 25 h p.i. SPECT of thorax and abdomen were performed. Documentation of somatostatin receptor expression via SRS in >50% of known tumour lesions was the criteria for treatment start with SST-A (Sandostatin LAR®-Depot 30mg i.m. every four weeks). Results: In 9/16 of the patients SRS showed at least one metastasis with moderate (n = 5) or intense (n = 4) tracer uptake. Lesion-based SRS evaluation showed only 12.1% (20/165) of all metastases. Most false-negative lesions were located in the lungs. In two patients, the majority of the known metastases was SRS positive and these patients received SST-A therapy. The first radiographic evaluation after a twomonth interval showed progressive disease in both patients. Conclusions: We conclude that SRS is of limited value in staging of advanced RCC. In our patients SST-A did not result in a growth control of RCC. Consequently, the use of SST-A in advanced RCC seems to be no relevant therapeutic option.
Collapse
|
9
|
Hönes JM, Thivakaran A, Botezatu L, Patnana P, Castro SVDC, Al-Matary YS, Schütte J, Fischer KBI, Vassen L, Görgens A, Dührsen U, Giebel B, Khandanpour C. Enforced GFI1 expression impedes human and murine leukemic cell growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15720. [PMID: 29147018 PMCID: PMC5691148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of haematopoietic cells is regulated by a plethora of so-called transcription factors (TFs). Mutations in genes encoding TFs or graded reduction in their expression levels can induce the development of various malignant diseases such as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Growth Factor Independence 1 (GFI1) is a transcriptional repressor with key roles in haematopoiesis, including regulating self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as myeloid and lymphoid differentiation. Analysis of AML patients and different AML mouse models with reduced GFI1 gene expression levels revealed a direct link between low GFI1 protein level and accelerated AML development and inferior prognosis. Here, we report that upregulated expression of GFI1 in several widely used leukemic cell lines inhibits their growth and decreases the ability to generate colonies in vitro. Similarly, elevated expression of GFI1 impedes the in vitro expansion of murine pre-leukemic cells. Using a humanized AML model, we demonstrate that upregulation of GFI1 expression leads to myeloid differentiation morphologically and immunophenotypically, increased level of apoptosis and reduction in number of cKit+ cells. These results suggest that increasing GFI1 level in leukemic cells with low GFI1 expression level could be a therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Hönes
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Aniththa Thivakaran
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lacramioara Botezatu
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pradeep Patnana
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Symone Vitoriano da Conceição Castro
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, 70040-020, Brazil
| | - Yahya S Al-Matary
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karen B I Fischer
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Al-Matary YS, Botezatu L, Opalka B, Hönes JM, Lams RF, Thivakaran A, Schütte J, Köster R, Lennartz K, Schroeder T, Haas R, Dührsen U, Khandanpour C. Acute myeloid leukemia cells polarize macrophages towards a leukemia supporting state in a Growth factor independence 1 dependent manner. Haematologica 2016; 101:1216-1227. [PMID: 27390361 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.143180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of malignant cells is not only driven by cell-intrinsic factors, but also by the surrounding stroma. Monocytes/Macrophages play an important role in the onset and progression of solid cancers. However, little is known about their role in the development of acute myeloid leukemia, a malignant disease characterized by an aberrant development of the myeloid compartment of the hematopoietic system. It is also unclear which factors are responsible for changing the status of macrophage polarization, thus supporting the growth of malignant cells instead of inhibiting it. We report herein that acute myeloid leukemia leads to the invasion of acute myeloid leukemia-associated macrophages into the bone marrow and spleen of leukemic patients and mice. In different leukemic mouse models, these macrophages support the in vitro expansion of acute myeloid leukemia cell lines better than macrophages from non-leukemic mice. The grade of macrophage infiltration correlates in vivo with the survival of the mice. We found that the transcriptional repressor Growth factor independence 1 is crucial in the process of macrophage polarization, since its absence impedes macrophage polarization towards a leukemia supporting state and favors an anti-tumor state both in vitro and in vivo These results not only suggest that acute myeloid leukemia-associated macrophages play an important role in the progression of acute myeloid leukemia, but also implicate Growth factor independence 1 as a pivotal factor in macrophage polarization. These data may provide new insights and opportunities for novel therapies for acute myeloid leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya S Al-Matary
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Lacramioara Botezatu
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Bertram Opalka
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Judith M Hönes
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Robert F Lams
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Aniththa Thivakaran
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Renata Köster
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Klaus Lennartz
- Institute of cell biology (Tumor Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen
| | - Thomas Schroeder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Botezatu L, Michel LC, Helness A, Vadnais C, Makishima H, Hönes JM, Robert F, Vassen L, Thivakaran A, Al-Matary Y, Lams RF, Schütte J, Giebel B, Görgens A, Heuser M, Medyouf H, Maciejewski J, Dührsen U, Möröy T, Khandanpour C. Epigenetic therapy as a novel approach for GFI136N-associated murine/human AML. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:713-726.e14. [PMID: 27216773 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes can contribute to development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a malignant disease of the bone marrow. A single-nucleotide polymorphism of transcription factor growth factor independence 1 (GFI1) generates a protein with an asparagine at position 36 (GFI1(36N)) instead of a serine at position 36 (GFI1(36S)), which is associated with de novo AML in humans. However, how GFI1(36N) predisposes to AML is poorly understood. To explore the mechanism, we used knock-in mouse strains expressing GFI1(36N) or GFI1(36S). Presence of GFI1(36N) shortened the latency and increased the incidence of AML in different murine models of myelodysplastic syndrome/AML. On a molecular level, GFI1(36N) induced genomewide epigenetic changes, leading to expression of AML-associated genes. On a therapeutic level, use of histone acetyltransferase inhibitors specifically impeded growth of GFI1(36N)-expressing human and murine AML cells in vitro and in vivo. These results establish, as a proof of principle, how epigenetic changes in GFI1(36N)-induced AML can be targeted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lacramioara Botezatu
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars C Michel
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anne Helness
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Vadnais
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hideki Makishima
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Judith M Hönes
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - François Robert
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Aniththa Thivakaran
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yahya Al-Matary
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert F Lams
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hind Medyouf
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jaroslaw Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tarik Möröy
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lelieveld SH, Schütte J, Dijkstra MJJ, Bawono P, Kinston SJ, Göttgens B, Heringa J, Bonzanni N. ConBind: motif-aware cross-species alignment for the identification of functional transcription factor binding sites. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:e72. [PMID: 26721389 PMCID: PMC4856970 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated by transcription factors (TFs) binding to promoter as well as distal enhancers. TFs recognize short, but specific binding sites (TFBSs) that are located within the promoter and enhancer regions. Functionally relevant TFBSs are often highly conserved during evolution leaving a strong phylogenetic signal. While multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a potent tool to detect the phylogenetic signal, the current MSA implementations are optimized to align the maximum number of identical nucleotides. This approach might result in the omission of conserved motifs that contain interchangeable nucleotides such as the ETS motif (IUPAC code: GGAW). Here, we introduce ConBind, a novel method to enhance alignment of short motifs, even if their mutual sequence similarity is only partial. ConBind improves the identification of conserved TFBSs by improving the alignment accuracy of TFBS families within orthologous DNA sequences. Functional validation of the Gfi1b + 13 enhancer reveals that ConBind identifies additional functionally important ETS binding sites that were missed by all other tested alignment tools. In addition to the analysis of known regulatory regions, our web tool is useful for the analysis of TFBSs on so far unknown DNA regions identified through ChIP-sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan H Lelieveld
- Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics VU, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinik Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Maurits J J Dijkstra
- Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics VU, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Punto Bawono
- Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics VU, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah J Kinston
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Jaap Heringa
- Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics VU, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Bonzanni
- Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics VU, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands Computational Cancer Biology Group, Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands ENPICOM, Eindhoven 5632 CW, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schütte J, Wang H, Antoniou S, Jarratt A, Wilson NK, Riepsaame J, Calero-Nieto FJ, Moignard V, Basilico S, Kinston SJ, Hannah RL, Chan MC, Nürnberg ST, Ouwehand WH, Bonzanni N, de Bruijn MF, Göttgens B. An experimentally validated network of nine haematopoietic transcription factors reveals mechanisms of cell state stability. eLife 2016; 5:e11469. [PMID: 26901438 PMCID: PMC4798972 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF) networks determine cell-type identity by establishing and maintaining lineage-specific expression profiles, yet reconstruction of mammalian regulatory network models has been hampered by a lack of comprehensive functional validation of regulatory interactions. Here, we report comprehensive ChIP-Seq, transgenic and reporter gene experimental data that have allowed us to construct an experimentally validated regulatory network model for haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Model simulation coupled with subsequent experimental validation using single cell expression profiling revealed potential mechanisms for cell state stabilisation, and also how a leukaemogenic TF fusion protein perturbs key HSPC regulators. The approach presented here should help to improve our understanding of both normal physiological and disease processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schütte
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Huange Wang
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stella Antoniou
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Jarratt
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joey Riepsaame
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Moignard
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Basilico
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Kinston
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Hannah
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mun Chiang Chan
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia T Nürnberg
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Bonzanni
- IBIVU Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marella Ftr de Bruijn
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schütte J, Wang H, Jarrett A, Riepsaame J, Wilson N, Antoniou S, Calero-Nieto F, Basilico S, Kinston S, Hannah R, Bonzanni N, De Bruijn M, Gottgens B. A fully validated blood stem/progenitor cell regulatory network reveals mechanisms of cell state stabilisation. Exp Hematol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
Ng FSL, Schütte J, Ruau D, Diamanti E, Hannah R, Kinston SJ, Göttgens B. Constrained transcription factor spacing is prevalent and important for transcriptional control of mouse blood cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:13513-24. [PMID: 25428352 PMCID: PMC4267662 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Combinatorial transcription factor (TF) binding is essential for cell-type-specific gene regulation. However, much remains to be learned about the mechanisms of TF interactions, including to what extent constrained spacing and orientation of interacting TFs are critical for regulatory element activity. To examine the relative prevalence of the ‘enhanceosome’ versus the ‘TF collective’ model of combinatorial TF binding, a comprehensive analysis of TF binding site sequences in large scale datasets is necessary. We developed a motif-pair discovery pipeline to identify motif co-occurrences with preferential distance(s) between motifs in TF-bound regions. Utilizing a compendium of 289 mouse haematopoietic TF ChIP-seq datasets, we demonstrate that haematopoietic-related motif-pairs commonly occur with highly conserved constrained spacing and orientation between motifs. Furthermore, motif clustering revealed specific associations for both heterotypic and homotypic motif-pairs with particular haematopoietic cell types. We also showed that disrupting the spacing between motif-pairs significantly affects transcriptional activity in a well-known motif-pair—E-box and GATA, and in two previously unknown motif-pairs with constrained spacing—Ets and Homeobox as well as Ets and E-box. In this study, we provide evidence for widespread sequence-specific TF pair interaction with DNA that conforms to the ‘enhanceosome’ model, and furthermore identify associations between specific haematopoietic cell-types and motif-pairs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felicia S L Ng
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Judith Schütte
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - David Ruau
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Evangelia Diamanti
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Rebecca Hannah
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Sarah J Kinston
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wilkinson AC, Kawata VKS, Schütte J, Gao X, Antoniou S, Baumann C, Woodhouse S, Hannah R, Tanaka Y, Swiers G, Moignard V, Fisher J, Hidetoshi S, Tijssen MR, de Bruijn MFTR, Liu P, Göttgens B. Single-cell analyses of regulatory network perturbations using enhancer-targeting TALEs suggest novel roles for PU.1 during haematopoietic specification. Development 2014; 141:4018-30. [PMID: 25252941 PMCID: PMC4197694 DOI: 10.1242/dev.115709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) act within wider regulatory networks to control cell identity and fate. Numerous TFs, including Scl (Tal1) and PU.1 (Spi1), are known regulators of developmental and adult haematopoiesis, but how they act within wider TF networks is still poorly understood. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are a novel class of genetic tool based on the modular DNA-binding domains of Xanthomonas TAL proteins, which enable DNA sequence-specific targeting and the manipulation of endogenous gene expression. Here, we report TALEs engineered to target the PU.1-14kb and Scl+40kb transcriptional enhancers as efficient new tools to perturb the expression of these key haematopoietic TFs. We confirmed the efficiency of these TALEs at the single-cell level using high-throughput RT-qPCR, which also allowed us to assess the consequences of both PU.1 activation and repression on wider TF networks during developmental haematopoiesis. Combined with comprehensive cellular assays, these experiments uncovered novel roles for PU.1 during early haematopoietic specification. Finally, transgenic mouse studies confirmed that the PU.1-14kb element is active at sites of definitive haematopoiesis in vivo and PU.1 is detectable in haemogenic endothelium and early committing blood cells. We therefore establish TALEs as powerful new tools to study the functionality of transcriptional networks that control developmental processes such as early haematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Wilkinson
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Viviane K S Kawata
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Judith Schütte
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Xuefei Gao
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Stella Antoniou
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Claudia Baumann
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Steven Woodhouse
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Rebecca Hannah
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Yosuke Tanaka
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Gemma Swiers
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Victoria Moignard
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Jasmin Fisher
- Microsoft Research Cambridge, 21 Station Road, Cambridge CB1 2FB, UK Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Shimauchi Hidetoshi
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Marloes R Tijssen
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Marella F T R de Bruijn
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Pentao Liu
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bonzanni N, Garg A, Feenstra KA, Schütte J, Kinston S, Miranda-Saavedra D, Heringa J, Xenarios I, Göttgens B. Hard-wired heterogeneity in blood stem cells revealed using a dynamic regulatory network model. Bioinformatics 2013; 29:i80-8. [PMID: 23813012 PMCID: PMC3694641 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation: Combinatorial interactions of transcription factors with cis-regulatory elements control the dynamic progression through successive cellular states and thus underpin all metazoan development. The construction of network models of cis-regulatory elements, therefore, has the potential to generate fundamental insights into cellular fate and differentiation. Haematopoiesis has long served as a model system to study mammalian differentiation, yet modelling based on experimentally informed cis-regulatory interactions has so far been restricted to pairs of interacting factors. Here, we have generated a Boolean network model based on detailed cis-regulatory functional data connecting 11 haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) regulator genes. Results: Despite its apparent simplicity, the model exhibits surprisingly complex behaviour that we charted using strongly connected components and shortest-path analysis in its Boolean state space. This analysis of our model predicts that HSPCs display heterogeneous expression patterns and possess many intermediate states that can act as ‘stepping stones’ for the HSPC to achieve a final differentiated state. Importantly, an external perturbation or ‘trigger’ is required to exit the stem cell state, with distinct triggers characterizing maturation into the various different lineages. By focusing on intermediate states occurring during erythrocyte differentiation, from our model we predicted a novel negative regulation of Fli1 by Gata1, which we confirmed experimentally thus validating our model. In conclusion, we demonstrate that an advanced mammalian regulatory network model based on experimentally validated cis-regulatory interactions has allowed us to make novel, experimentally testable hypotheses about transcriptional mechanisms that control differentiation of mammalian stem cells. Contact:j.heringa@vu.nl or ioannis.xenarios@isb-sib.ch or bg200@cam.ac.uk Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bonzanni
- IBIVU Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics, VU University Amsterdam, AIMMS Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, NKI-AVL The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schütte J, Bonzanni N, Kinston S, Lelieveld S, Moignard V, Heringa J, Feenstra A, Gottgens B. Reconstructing a core regulatory network model for blood stem/progenitor cells. Exp Hematol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.05.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
19
|
Khandanpour C, Phelan JD, Vassen L, Schütte J, Chen R, Horman SR, Gaudreau MC, Krongold J, Zhu J, Paul WE, Dührsen U, Göttgens B, Grimes HL, Möröy T. Growth factor independence 1 antagonizes a p53-induced DNA damage response pathway in lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Cell 2013; 23:200-14. [PMID: 23410974 PMCID: PMC3597385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) fail current treatments highlighting the need for better therapies. Because oncogenic signaling activates a p53-dependent DNA damage response and apoptosis, leukemic cells must devise appropriate countermeasures. We show here that growth factor independence 1 (Gfi1) can serve such a function because Gfi1 ablation exacerbates p53 responses and lowers the threshold for p53-induced cell death. Specifically, Gfi1 restricts p53 activity and expression of proapoptotic p53 targets such as Bax, Noxa (Pmaip1), and Puma (Bbc3). Subsequently, Gfi1 ablation cures mice from leukemia and limits the expansion of primary human T-ALL xenografts in mice. This suggests that targeting Gfi1 could improve the prognosis of patients with T-ALL or other lymphoid leukemias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Khandanpour
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - James D. Phelan
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Immunology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229 USA
| | - Lothar Vassen
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Judith Schütte
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research & Wellcome Trust – Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Riyan Chen
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shane R. Horman
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Immunology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229 USA
| | - Marie-Claude Gaudreau
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2W1R7 Canada
| | - Joseph Krongold
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3 Canada
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20829 USA
| | - William E. Paul
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20829 USA
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Bertie Göttgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research & Wellcome Trust – Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - H. Leighton Grimes
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Immunology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229 USA
- Division of Experimental Hematology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229 USA
- Correspondence to TM () and HLG ()
| | - Tarik Möröy
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2W1R7 Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3 Canada
- Correspondence to TM () and HLG ()
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Oram SH, Thoms J, Sive JI, Calero-Nieto FJ, Kinston SJ, Schütte J, Knezevic K, Lock RB, Pimanda JE, Göttgens B. Bivalent promoter marks and a latent enhancer may prime the leukaemia oncogene LMO1 for ectopic expression in T-cell leukaemia. Leukemia 2013; 27:1348-57. [PMID: 23302769 PMCID: PMC3677138 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
LMO1 is a transcriptional regulator and a T-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) oncogene. Although first identified in association with a chromosomal translocation in T-ALL, the ectopic expression of LMO1 occurs far more frequently in the absence of any known mutation involving its locus. Given that LMO1 is barely expressed in any haematopoietic lineage, and activation of transcriptional drivers in leukaemic cells is not well described, we investigated the regulation of this gene in normal haematopoietic and leukaemic cells. We show that LMO1 has two promoters that drive reporter gene expression in transgenic mice to neural tissues known to express endogenous LMO1. The LMO1 promoters display bivalent histone marks in multiple blood lineages including T-cells, and a 3' flanking region at LMO1 +57 contains a transcriptional enhancer that is active in developing blood cells in transgenic mouse embryos. The LMO1 promoters become activated in T-ALL together with the 3' enhancer, which is bound in primary T-ALL cells by SCL/TAL1 and GATA3. Taken together, our results show that LMO1 is poised for expression in normal progenitors, where activation of SCL/TAL1 together with a breakdown of epigenetic repression of LMO1 regulatory elements induces ectopic LMO1 expression that contributes to the development and maintenance of T-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Oram
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Montemurro M, Gelderblom H, Bitz U, Schütte J, Blay JY, Joensuu H, Trent J, Bauer S, Rutkowski P, Duffaud F, Pink D. Sorafenib as third- or fourth-line treatment of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumour and pretreatment including both imatinib and sunitinib, and nilotinib: A retrospective analysis. Eur J Cancer 2012; 49:1027-31. [PMID: 23140824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) improve the outcome of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), but treatment failure is frequent, and prognosis then bleak. Smaller trials in this setting suggested activity for sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases and RAF serine/threonine kinases. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of sorafenib, starting dose 400mg twice daily, in a large community-based cohort of 124 patients treated in 12 European and one United States (U.S.) cancer centre. All but one patient had a WHO performance score 0-2. All had failed both imatinib and sunitinib, 68 patients nilotinib and 26 had failed investigational therapy, too. RESULTS Twelve (10%) patients responded to sorafenib and 70 (57%) patients achieved disease stabilisation. Sorafenib was moderately tolerated, and toxicity reported in 56% of the patients. Rash, hand-foot-syndrome and diarrhea occurred frequently. Sorafenib dosage was reduced in a third of patients, but this did not have an impact on progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.15). Median PFS was 6.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-8.0 months) and median overall survival (OS) 13.5 months (95% CI, 10.0-21.0 months). Patients with a good performance status and those who responded to sorafenib had a significant better PFS. CONCLUSION We conclude that sorafenib is active in GIST resistant to imatinib, sunitinib and nilotinib. These results warrant further investigation of sorafenib or similar molecules in GIST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Montemurro
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire d' Oncologie, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schütte J, Moignard V, Göttgens B. Establishing the stem cell state: insights from regulatory network analysis of blood stem cell development. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med 2012; 4:285-95. [PMID: 22334489 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) have long been recognized as powerful regulators of cell-type identity and differentiation. As TFs function as constituents of regulatory networks, identification and functional characterization of key interactions within these wider networks will be required to understand how TFs exert their powerful biological functions. The formation of blood cells (hematopoiesis) represents a widely used model system for the study of cellular differentiation. Moreover, specific TFs or groups of TFs have been identified to control the various cell fate choices that must be made when blood stem cells differentiate into more than a dozen distinct mature blood lineages. Because of the relative ease of accessibility, the hematopoietic system represents an attractive experimental system for the development of regulatory network models. Here, we review the modeling efforts carried out to date, which have already provided new insights into the molecular control of blood cell development. We also explore potential areas of future study such as the need for new high-throughput technologies and a focus on studying dynamic cellular systems. Many leukemias arise as the result of mutations that cause transcriptional dysregulation, thus suggesting that a better understanding of transcriptional control mechanisms in hematopoiesis is of substantial biomedical relevance. Moreover, lessons learned from regulatory network analysis in the hematopoietic system are likely to inform research on less experimentally tractable tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schütte
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Reichardt P, Hartmann J, Hall KS, Eriksson M, Schütte J, Ramadori G, Hohenberger P, Duyster J, Leinonen M, Joensuu H. Response to Imatinib Rechallenge of GIST That Recurs Following Completion of Adjuvant Imatinib Treatment - the First Analysis in the SSGXVIII/AIO Trial Patient Population. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)70130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
24
|
Rode S, Stark R, Lübbe J, Tröger L, Schütte J, Umeda K, Kobayashi K, Yamada H, Kühnle A. Modification of a commercial atomic force microscopy for low-noise, high-resolution frequency-modulation imaging in liquid environment. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:073703. [PMID: 21806185 DOI: 10.1063/1.3606399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A key issue for high-resolution frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy imaging in liquids is minimizing the frequency noise, which requires a detailed analysis of the corresponding noise contributions. In this paper, we present a detailed description for modifying a commercial atomic force microscope (Bruker MultiMode V with Nanoscope V controller), aiming at atomic-resolution frequency-modulation imaging in ambient and in liquid environment. Care was taken to maintain the AFMs original stability and ease of operation. The new system builds upon an optimized light source, a new photodiode and an entirely new amplifier. Moreover, we introduce a home-built liquid cell and sample holder as well as a temperature-stabilized isolation chamber dedicated to low-noise imaging in liquids. The success of these modifications is measured by the reduction in the deflection sensor noise density from initially 100 fm/√Hz to around 10 fm/√Hz after modification. The performance of our instrument is demonstrated by atomically resolved images of calcite taken under liquid conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Rode
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wilson NK, Foster SD, Wang X, Knezevic K, Schütte J, Kaimakis P, Chilarska PM, Kinston S, Ouwehand WH, Dzierzak E, Pimanda JE, de Bruijn MFTR, Göttgens B. Combinatorial transcriptional control in blood stem/progenitor cells: genome-wide analysis of ten major transcriptional regulators. Cell Stem Cell 2011; 7:532-44. [PMID: 20887958 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2010.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Combinatorial transcription factor (TF) interactions control cellular phenotypes and, therefore, underpin stem cell formation, maintenance, and differentiation. Here, we report the genome-wide binding patterns and combinatorial interactions for ten key regulators of blood stem/progenitor cells (SCL/TAL1, LYL1, LMO2, GATA2, RUNX1, MEIS1, PU.1, ERG, FLI-1, and GFI1B), thus providing the most comprehensive TF data set for any adult stem/progenitor cell type to date. Genome-wide computational analysis of complex binding patterns, followed by functional validation, revealed the following: first, a previously unrecognized combinatorial interaction between a heptad of TFs (SCL, LYL1, LMO2, GATA2, RUNX1, ERG, and FLI-1). Second, we implicate direct protein-protein interactions between four key regulators (RUNX1, GATA2, SCL, and ERG) in stabilizing complex binding to DNA. Third, Runx1(+/-)::Gata2(+/-) compound heterozygous mice are not viable with severe hematopoietic defects at midgestation. Taken together, this study demonstrates the power of genome-wide analysis in generating novel functional insights into the transcriptional control of stem and progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola K Wilson
- University of Cambridge Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schütte J, Kümmel A, Fleck S, Mielke R, Langenbach M. Mentalisierungsfähigkeit im Verlauf stationärer psychotherapeutischer Behandlung von depressiven Patienten. Psychother Psych Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
27
|
Capri G, Chang J, Chen SC, Conte P, Cwiertka K, Jerusalem G, Jiang Z, Johnston S, Kaufman B, Link J, Ro J, Schütte J, Oliva C, Parikh R, Preston A, Rosenlund J, Selzer M, Zembryki D, De Placido S. An open-label expanded access study of lapatinib and capecitabine in patients with HER2-overexpressing locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2009; 21:474-480. [PMID: 19815649 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdp373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lapatinib Expanded Access Program (LEAP) was designed to provide access to lapatinib plus capecitabine for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who previously received an anthracycline, a taxane, and a trastuzumab and had no other treatment options. PATIENTS AND METHODS LEAP opened globally and enrollment continued until lapatinib received regulatory approval in each participating country. Patients were assessed for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and monitored for serious adverse events (SAEs). RESULTS As of 30 September 2008, 4283 patients from 45 countries enrolled in LEAP. The median treatment duration was 24.7 weeks. The most common drug-related SAEs were diarrhea (9.7%), vomiting (4.3%), and nausea (2.4%) and were mainly grade 3 or higher. The incidences of special interest SAEs were decreased left ventricle ejection fraction (0.5%), interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis (0.2%), and serious hepatobiliary events (0.4%). This safety profile is consistent with the overall lapatinib program. The median PFS and OS were 21.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 20.1-22.3] and 39.6 (95% CI = 37.7-40.7) weeks, respectively (n = 4006). Subgroup analysis showed longer PFS and OS in patients who had not received prior capecitabine. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the safety and efficacy of lapatinib in a broader patient population compared with a clinical trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Capri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori, Milano, Italy.
| | - J Chang
- Medical Oncology Program, RS McLaughlin Durham Regional Cancer Centre, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S-C Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P Conte
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - K Cwiertka
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - G Jerusalem
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU Liège Hospital du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Z Jiang
- Breast Cancer Department, The Hospital Associated With Military Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - S Johnston
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - B Kaufman
- Breast Cancer Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - J Link
- Breast Link Medical Group, Inc., Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - J Ro
- Breast and Endocrine Cancer Branch, National Cancer Center, Kyunggi-do, South Korea
| | - J Schütte
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Oliva
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - R Parikh
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - A Preston
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - J Rosenlund
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - M Selzer
- Oncology, Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - D Zembryki
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - S De Placido
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
We report on sample holders for crystals to be cleaved for the preparation of surfaces with large atomically flat terraces. The concept for mounting sample crystals is based on a vicelike clamping mechanism to securely hold the crystal in position while reducing the risk of fragmentation. Sample holders based on this concept and made of suitable materials allow preparation and cleavage of crystals in the ultrahigh vacuum at high or low temperatures. To cleave the crystal, we employ a scalpel blade mounted on a wobble stick to generate a highly localized stress field initiating the cleavage process. The sample holders are used for experiments of highest resolution scanning force microscopy, however, the concept can be transferred to any other system where cleavage faces of crystals are of interest. Exemplarily, scanning force microscopy results demonstrate that (111) cleavage faces of CaF2 crystals can be prepared with steps only a few F-Ca-F triple-layers high and atomically flat terraces extending over areas of several microm2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Tröger
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Reichardt P, Montemurro M, Gelderblom H, Blay J, Rutkowski P, Bui B, Hartmann JT, Pink D, Leyvraz S, Schütte J. Sorafenib fourth-line treatment in imatinib-, sunitinib-, and nilotinib-resistant metastatic GIST: A retrospective analysis. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.10564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
10564 Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors usually caused by mutations in the KIT or PDGFRA gene. Advanced disease generally cannot be cured by surgery nor by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), but TKIs have considerably improved outcome for patients (pts) with advanced GIST. Patients failing TKI treatment with imatinib (IM), sunitinib (SU) or nilotinib (NI) have a poor prognosis. Sorafenib is a multi kinase inhibitor that blocks not only receptor tyrosine kinases such as KIT, VEGFR and PDGFR but also serine/threonine kinases along the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. Recently, clinical activity of sorafenib in third-line treatment in patients with GIST after IM and SU failure has been shown (Wiebe et al. ASCO 2008, #10502). Methods: We report herein preliminary data of 32 pts treated with sorafenib in nine European centers. Centers were selected based on their previous and known experience in GIST and reported all pts treated. Pts received sorafenib after failure of IM, SU and NI in fourth-line treatment. Baseline characteristics and treatment details have been retrieved via questionary. Results: Median age at sorafenib treatment start was 62 years (range 33–81 y), and the majority of pts were male (63 %). Primary tumor site was gastric or small intestine in 25% and 41% of pts, respectively. All pts had failed IM, SU, NI. 19 % of pts achieved partial remission and 44% disease stabilization. Approximately half of the pts had an improvement of symptoms and/or performance. Half of the pts were on treatment longer than 4 months (actuarial data) and 41% of pts continue to receive sorafenib. Median progression-free survival is 20 weeks and median overall survival 42 weeks (Kaplan-Meier), at a median follow-up of 22 weeks (range 3–54). Conclusions: This is the largest series assessing efficacy of sorafenib fourth-line treatment for IM, SU and NI refractory GIST reported yet. Sorafenib displays significant clinical activity in this heavily pretreated group of patients. [Table: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Reichardt
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Montemurro
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H. Gelderblom
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Blay
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P. Rutkowski
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B. Bui
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. T. Hartmann
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D. Pink
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Leyvraz
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Schütte
- HELIOS Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center, Bad Saarow, Germany; Vaud University Hospital, Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Oncology, Leiden, Netherlands; University Claude Bernard, Oncology, Lyon, France; Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland; Institut Bergonie, Oncology, Bordeaux, France; South West German Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen, Germany; Marien Hospital, Interdisciplinary Oncology Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Musgrove EA, Sergio CM, Loi S, Inman CK, Anderson LR, Alles MC, Pinese M, Caldon CE, Schütte J, Gardiner-Garden M, Ormandy CJ, McArthur G, Butt AJ, Sutherland RL. Identification of functional networks of estrogen- and c-Myc-responsive genes and their relationship to response to tamoxifen therapy in breast cancer. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2987. [PMID: 18714337 PMCID: PMC2496892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogen is a pivotal regulator of cell proliferation in the normal breast and breast cancer. Endocrine therapies targeting the estrogen receptor are effective in breast cancer, but their success is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Methodology/Principal Findings With the goal of gaining mechanistic insights into estrogen action and endocrine resistance, we classified estrogen-regulated genes by function, and determined the relationship between functionally-related genesets and the response to tamoxifen in breast cancer patients. Estrogen-responsive genes were identified by transcript profiling of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Pathway analysis based on functional annotation of these estrogen-regulated genes identified gene signatures with known or predicted roles in cell cycle control, cell growth (i.e. ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis), cell death/survival signaling and transcriptional regulation. Since inducible expression of c-Myc in antiestrogen-arrested cells can recapitulate many of the effects of estrogen on molecular endpoints related to cell cycle progression, the estrogen-regulated genes that were also targets of c-Myc were identified using cells inducibly expressing c-Myc. Selected genes classified as estrogen and c-Myc targets displayed similar levels of regulation by estrogen and c-Myc and were not estrogen-regulated in the presence of siMyc. Genes regulated by c-Myc accounted for 50% of all acutely estrogen-regulated genes but comprised 85% (110/129 genes) in the cell growth signature. siRNA-mediated inhibition of c-Myc induction impaired estrogen regulation of ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis, consistent with the prediction that estrogen regulates cell growth principally via c-Myc. The ‘cell cycle’, ‘cell growth’ and ‘cell death’ gene signatures each identified patients with an attenuated response in a cohort of 246 tamoxifen-treated patients. In multivariate analysis the cell death signature was predictive independent of the cell cycle and cell growth signatures. Conclusions/Significance These functionally-based gene signatures can stratify patients treated with tamoxifen into groups with differing outcome, and potentially identify distinct mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Musgrove
- Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Montemurro M, Schöffski P, Reichardt P, Gelderblom H, Joensuu H, Schütte J, Wendtner CM, Hartmann JT, Elsig V, Leyvraz S. Nilotinib in advanced GIST: A retrospective analysis of nilotinib in compassionate use. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.10523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
32
|
Freudenberg LS, Gauler T, Görges R, Bauer S, Stergar H, Antoch G, Bockisch A, Schütte J. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Results of a phase II-trial of somatostatine analogue therapy in patients with advanced RCC. Nuklearmedizin 2008; 47:127-131. [PMID: 18493693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with respect to potential therapy with somatostatin analogue (SST-A) and to assess the response rate under therapy with SST-A. PATIENTS, METHODS 16 patients with documented progression of histologically confirmed advanced RCC were included. Planar whole-body SRS was performed 4, 24 and 48 h post i.v. injection of 175-200 MBq 111In-pentetreoide. 5 and 25 h p.i. SPECT of thorax and abdomen were performed. Documentation of somatostatin receptor expression via SRS in >50% of known tumour lesions was the criteria for treatment start with SST-A (Sandostatin LAR-Depot 30 mg i.m. every four weeks). RESULTS In 9/16 of the patients SRS showed at least one metastasis with moderate (n = 5) or intense (n = 4) tracer uptake. Lesion-based SRS evaluation showed only 12.1% (20/165) of all metastases. Most false-negative lesions were located in the lungs. In two patients, the majority of the known metastases was SRS positive and these patients received SST-A therapy. The first radiographic evaluation after a two-month interval showed progressive disease in both patients. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that SRS is of limited value in staging of advanced RCC. In our patients SST-A did not result in a growth control of RCC. Consequently, the use of SST-A in advanced RCC seems to be no relevant therapeutic option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Freudenberg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nehring K, Rzymkowski P, Schütte J. Über den Einfluß der Stickstoffdüngung, insbesondere zusätzlicher, später N-Gaben auf den Ertrag und die Zusammensetzung von Ölsaaten. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jpln.19450350506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a rare entity of all malignant tumors (1%). Thus, an in-depth understanding of multidisciplinary treatment strategies may not be sufficiently present at all operative units. Consecutively, optimal diagnostic and therapeutical pathways may not be applied. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the procedure of choice in diagnosing STS. Biopsies should be performed in specialized centers. Identification of cytogenetic factors has become more important for the typing and prognosis of STS. Management of STS should employ multimodal treatment concepts (Oncology, Radiotherapy, Surgical Oncology). The decision on whether radiotherapy, chemotherapy or another option is indicated should be taken by an interdisciplinary tumor board, which also determines the sequence of treatment in relation to resection. To obtain sufficient information from histopathologic examination of the resected tumor, a clear and distinct definition of critical margins and topography by the surgeon is essential. Following these concepts, optimal local tumor control associated with resections preserving function and limbs is achieved without impairment of overall prognosis. Tumor resection alone, without previous evaluation and where appropriate adopting multimodal treatment strategies, no longer meets modern standards. After primary treatment is complete, patients have to be enrolled in a standardized follow-up program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Taeger
- Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum Essen.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bauer S, Hartmann JT, Lang H, Antoch G, Dirsch O, Ebeling P, De Wit M, Seeber S, Flasshove M, Schütte J. Imatinib may enable complete resection in previously unresectable or metastatic GIST. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bauer
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. T. Hartmann
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H. Lang
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G. Antoch
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - O. Dirsch
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P. Ebeling
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. De Wit
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Seeber
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Flasshove
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Schütte
- West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinik, Dept of Medical Oncology, Tübingen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Surgery, Essen, Germany; Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Essen, Germany; University of Essen, Dept of Pathology, Essen, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Marien-Krankenhaus, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare mesenchymal tumors with poor prognosis once they present as advanced or metastasized disease. Only few cytostatic drugs have been proven to be active in sarcoma patients and there is a clear need for further treatment options in patients with tumors refractory to standard chemotherapy. Gemcitabine, a nucleoside analogue, has shown activity in several epithelial tumors. Clinical data on the activity of gemcitabine in STS, however, are scarce and heterogeneous. In trials including all subtypes of sarcomas response rates observed with single and multiagent schedules are ranging from 3 to 53%. Histopathological subtypes which seem to exhibit an increased susceptibility to gemcitabine are uterine leiomyosarcomas and angiosarcomas. The synergistic role of other cytostatic drugs, e.g. the role of taxanes, still remains unclear and warrants further trials. We here review the available literature on gemcitabine in the treatment of STS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Bauer
- Innere Klinik und Poliklinik (Tumorforschung), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum, Essen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bauer S, Hartung J, Gauler T, Gocke P, Trarbach T, Flasshove M, Nowrousian MR, Bojko P, Hense J, Seeber S, Schütte J. Gemcitabine-Containing Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-36487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
38
|
Flasshove M, Meusers P, Schütte J, Noppeney R, Beelen DW, Sohrab S, Roggenbuck U, Kemmeries G, Brittinger G, Seeber S, Scheulen ME. Long-term survival after induction therapy with idarubicin and cytosine arabinoside for de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2000; 79:533-42. [PMID: 11100742 DOI: 10.1007/s002770000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We treated 153 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with two induction courses of conventional-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) and idarubicin (AIDA) followed by either a third course of AIDA, high-dose ara-C or bone-marrow transplantation. The complete remission (CR) rate for all patients was 63.4%, with a higher CR rate for patients with a normal (versus unfavorable) karyotype (73.2% vs 52.5%; P=0.038). The probability of overall survival (OS) was 30.7% after 5 years (26.3% after 7 years). Improved OS at 5 years could be observed for patients up to 50 years old versus patients older than 50 years of age (37.6% vs 19.9%; P=0.001) and patients with a normal (versus unfavorable) karyotype (42.9% vs 14.1%; P=0.0016). Disease-free survival (DFS) after 5 years was 33.2% for all 97 CR patients and was significantly better for patients with a normal (versus unfavorable) karyotype (44.3% vs 12.3%; P= 0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed that the age for OS (P < 0.02) and the karyotype for both OS (P<0.03) and DFS (P< 0.05) were independent prognostic factors. In conclusion, AIDA is an effective and well-tolerated induction regimen (even in elderly patients) with a 5-year survival of more than 30% when combined with ara-C-containing postremission therapy. The karyotype is the most powerful prognostic factor for predicting the outcome of patients treated with this protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Flasshove
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Essen Medical School, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Werner NS, Siprashvili Z, Fong LY, Marquitan G, Schröder JK, Bardenheuer W, Seeber S, Huebner K, Schütte J, Opalka B. Differential susceptibility of renal carcinoma cell lines to tumor suppression by exogenous Fhit expression. Cancer Res 2000; 60:2780-5. [PMID: 10850413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Hemizygous deletions of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene at human chromosome band 3p14.2 and down-regulation of its gene product are found in the majority of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). Functional tumor suppressive activity of Fhit in renal cancer cells previously was observed in RCC cell line RC48, which lacks endogenous Fhit expression. To further investigate the potential role of FHIT as a tumor suppressor gene in RCC, we transfected FHIT cDNA expression constructs into RCC cell lines RCC-1 and SN12C, which show low-level expression of endogenous Fhit and reveal an intact von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene. Stable transfectants of both cell lines showed no alterations of cell morphology, proliferation kinetics, or cell cycle parameters in vitro. The FHIT gene transfer rate, however, was significantly lower in RCC-1 cells compared with SN12C cells, suggesting a selection against exogenous Fhit expression. In addition, in nude mouse assays, a significant delay of tumor formation was observed for FHIT-transfected RCC-1 cell lines, with outgrowing tumors demonstrating loss of Fhit expression in the majority of cells. In contrast, tumorigenicity of FHIT-transfected SN12C cell clones was not suppressed, despite stable transgene expression. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a selective tumor suppressive activity of Fhit in RCC cells in vivo and suggest that the susceptibility to suppression is not restricted to cancer cells with complete loss of Fhit expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Werner
- Innere Klinik und Poliklinik (Tumorforschung), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Schröder JK, Kolkenbrock S, Tins J, Kasimir-Bauer S, Seeber S, Schütte J. Analysis of thrombopoietin receptor (c-mpl) mRNA expression in de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2000; 24:401-9. [PMID: 10785262 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(99)00201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the thrombopoietin receptor, c-mpl, has been recently suggested to represent an adverse prognostic factor in myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To further evaluate this putative correlation, we assessed the c-mpl mRNA expression in blast samples of 53 AML patients. Overall, c-mpl mRNA expression was observed in 27 (51%) patients. No significant difference between c-mpl(+) and c-mpl(-) patients was found with respect to established prognostic factors such as age (50 vs. 53 years) or karyotype, whereas a significant correlation was observed between c-mpl and CD34 expression (P = 0.026). Among 40 patients who completed standard-/high-dose cytarabine-containing induction/consolidation treatment and were evaluable for treatment response, a higher complete remission (CR) rate was achieved in c-mpl- than in c-mpl(+) patients (95 vs. 68%; P = 0.026). Upon multivariate analysis, this relationship was independent from CD34 expression. CR duration was not significantly longer in c-mpl(-) than in c-mpl(+) patients (median: 14 vs. 10 months, P = 0.262). In conclusion, our data strongly support the previously suggested notion that c-mpl expression is of prognostic relevance for CR induction in de novo AML patients, and suggest determination of c-mpl expression within larger prospective studies in the attempt to develop risk-adapted AML treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Schröder
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cancer Research), University of Essen Medical School, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ren S, Smith MJ, Louro ID, McKie-Bell P, Bani MR, Wagner M, Zochodne B, Redden DT, Grizzle WE, Wang ND, Smith DI, Herbst RA, Bardenheuer W, Opalka B, Schütte J, Trent JM, Ben-David Y, Ruppert JM. The p44S10 locus, encoding a subunit of the proteasome regulatory particle, is amplified during progression of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Oncogene 2000; 19:1419-27. [PMID: 10723133 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Gene amplification is frequently present in human tumors, although specific target genes relevant to many amplified loci remain unidentified. An expression cloning assay enabled identification of a candidate oncogene derived from human chromosome 3p14.1. The cDNA retrieved from morphologically transformed cells contained the full-length protein coding region and detected an abundant transcript in the same cells. Sequence analysis revealed identity with the wild-type sequence of p44S10, a highly conserved subunit of the 26S proteasome that exhibits similarity to the Arabidopsis fus6/cop11 family of signaling molecules. p44S10 gene copy number and mRNA expression were increased in association with segmental 1.8 - 11-fold chromosomal gains in cutaneous malignant melanoma cell lines (5/13; 40%) and tumors (2/40; 5%), and in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Likewise, malignant progression of human radial growth phase WM35 melanoma cells was associated with amplification and increased expression of endogenous p44S10, and increased expression of p44S10 was sufficient to induce proliferation of WM35 cells in vivo. The results demonstrate segmental copy number gains within chromosome 3p in cutaneous malignant melanoma and suggest that deregulation of a proteasome regulatory particle subunit may contribute to the malignant phenotype.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/isolation & purification
- Animals
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/genetics
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/isolation & purification
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Enzyme Activation/genetics
- Gene Amplification
- Humans
- Melanoma/enzymology
- Melanoma/genetics
- Melanoma/pathology
- Melanoma, Experimental/enzymology
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Multienzyme Complexes/genetics
- Multienzyme Complexes/isolation & purification
- Multienzyme Complexes/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/isolation & purification
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Peptide Hydrolases/genetics
- Peptide Hydrolases/isolation & purification
- Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
- Rats
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Skin Neoplasms/enzymology
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Eberhardt W, Stamatis G, Stuschke M, Wilke H, Müller MR, Kolks S, Flasshove M, Schütte J, Stahl M, Schlenger L, Budach V, Greschuchna D, Stüben G, Teschler H, Sack H, Seeber S. Prognostically orientated multimodality treatment including surgery for selected patients of small-cell lung cancer patients stages IB to IIIB: long-term results of a phase II trial. Br J Cancer 1999; 81:1206-12. [PMID: 10584883 PMCID: PMC2374330 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Following mediastinoscopy, a prognostically orientated multimodality approach was chosen in selected small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with hyperfractionated accelerated chemoradiotherapy (Hf-RTx) and definitive surgery (S). Stage IB/IIA patients had four cycles of cisplatin/etoposide (PE) and surgery. Stage IIB/IIIA patients had three cycles PE followed by one cycle concurrent chemoradiation including Hf-RTx and surgery. Most stage IIIB patients were not planned for surgery and had CTx followed by sequential RTx or one cycle concurrent CTx/RTx. Of 46 consecutive patients (stage IB six, IIA two, IIB/IIIA 22, IIIB 16) 43 (94%) showed an objective response. Twenty-three of patients (72%) planned for inclusion of S were completely resected (R0) (IB 6/6, IIA 2/2, IIB/IIIA 13/22, IIIB 2/2). Overall toxicity was acceptable--one patient died of septicaemia, no perioperative deaths occurred. Median follow-up of patients alive (n = 21) is 52 months (30+ - 75+). Median survival and 5-year survival rate of all patients are 36 months and 46%, in R0 patients 68 months and 63% (R0-IIB/IIIA/IIIB: not yet reached and 67%). This multimodality treatment including surgery proved highly effective with 100% local control and remarkable long-term survival after complete resection, even in locally advanced SCLC stages IIB/IIIA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Eberhardt
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cancer Research), West German Cancer Center, University of Essen Medical School.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
In order to investigate whether transfer of the cytidine deaminase (CDD) cDNA would increase chemotherapy resistance to cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) we used a retroviral vector expressing both, neomycin phosphotransferase and the CDD cDNA, to transduce hematopoietic cells from cell lines and from murine bone marrow (BM). After coculture on producer clones with a viral titer of 1 x 10(5) CFU/ml and up to 3-fold increased CDD enzymatic activity, WEHI-3 cell line and primary hematopoietic cells were exposed to ara-C in clonogenic assays. A transduction efficiency of 34.8 +/- 6.2% could be determined for BM clonogenic progenitor cells by G418 resistance. We could observe significantly more colonies (77 +/- 3.1%) surviving from transduced primary BM cells than from mock cells (51.7 +/- 9.3%) at 10(-8) mol/l ara-C. At 10(-7) mol/l ara-C 8.7% of BM cells became absolutely resistant after retroviral transduction. Our data confirm that CDD represents another candidate gene for increasing resistance to cytotoxic drugs in hematopoietic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Flasshove
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cancer Research), West German Cancer Center, University of Essen Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jülicher K, Marquitan G, Werner N, Bardenheuer W, Vieten L, Bröcker F, Topal H, Seeber S, Opalka B, Schütte J. Novel tumor suppressor locus in human chromosome region 3p14.2. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999; 91:1563-8. [PMID: 10491433 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/91.18.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of chromosome region 3p14 are observed in numerous human malignancies. Because the pattern of allelic losses suggests the existence of at least one tumor suppressor gene within this region, we established a library of yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) containing contiguous human 3p14 sequences to permit a search for tumor suppressor loci within the 3p14 region by use of functional complementation. METHODS YACs specific for human chromosome region 3p14 were transduced by spheroplast fusion into cells of the human nonpapillary renal carcinoma cell line RCC-1, which shows a cytogenetically detectable 3p deletion and is tumorigenic in nude mice. RESULTS We identified a 3p14.2-specific YAC clone, located in the vicinity of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene (but toward the telomere), that is capable of inducing sustained suppression of tumorigenicity in nude mice and of activating cellular senescence in vitro. Among 23 mice given injections of RCC-1 cells containing this YAC, 16 (70%) remained tumor free for at least 6 months, whereas tumor formation occurred after a median of 6 weeks in control mice given injections of either RCC-1 parental cells or a revertant cell line (in which the YAC had lost all human sequences) or RCC-1 parental cells containing other, unrelated YACs. Similar results were obtained following microcell-mediated transfer of the entire human chromosome 3. CONCLUSION These data provide strong evidence for the existence of a novel tumor suppressor locus adjacent to the previously identified candidate tumor suppressor gene, FHIT, in 3p14.2. Positional cloning of the novel suppressor element within the 3p14.2-specific YAC and the sequence's molecular and functional characterization should add to the understanding of the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma and other human tumors that exhibit 3p14 aberrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Jülicher
- Innere Klinik und Poliklinik (Tumorforschung), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bröcker F, Bardenheuer W, Vieten L, Jülicher K, Werner N, Marquitan G, Michael D, Opalka B, Schütte J. Assignment of human filamin gene FLNB to human chromosome band 3p14.3 and identification of YACs containing the complete FLNB transcribed region. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1999; 85:267-8. [PMID: 10449914 DOI: 10.1159/000015309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Bröcker
- Innere Klinik Tumorforschung, Universitätsklinik Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Gene transfer of the cytidine deaminase (CDD) cDNA has recently been shown to induce cellular resistance to cytarabine (AraC) in vitro. To investigate the role for CDD in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) we analysed the CDD activity and CDD gene structure in blast material from well-defined patients with untreated and AraC refractory (RF) AML. Median CDD activity in previously untreated AML was significantly lower than in RF-AML blasts (P=0.015) and was significantly lower in patients with complete remission than with blast persistence following induction chemotherapy (P=0.043). Structural investigation of the CDD gene by Southern analyses and RT-PCR showed no detectable aberrations. Sequence analysis of the CDD cDNA from nine RF-AML patients showed inconsistent aberrations in three patients. Semiquantitative assessment of CDD mRNA expression revealed a significant correlation with CDD activity. In conclusion, concordant with another recent study our data suggest a correlation of pretherapeutic CDD activity with induction treatment response. Besides the previously described prognostic impact of mdrl expression, this result could be useful for the development of risk-adapted AML treatment strategies and warrants further studies of CDD activity in well-defined cohorts of AML patients and of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of CDD activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Schröder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Essen Medical School, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Schröder JK, Seidelmann M, Kirch HC, Seeber S, Schütte J. Assessment of resistance induction to cytosine arabinoside following transfer and overexpression of the deoxycytidylate deaminase gene in vitro. Leuk Res 1998; 22:619-24. [PMID: 9680112 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(98)00048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent attempts to protect hematopoietic progenitor cells from cytarabine (ara-C)-induced toxicity by transfer of the cytidine deaminase (CDD) gene resulted in efficient in vitro inducibility of ara-C resistance. Another enzyme involved in intracellular ara-CTP inactivation is the deoxycytidylate deaminase (dCMPD). We therefore transfected the human dCMPD cDNA gene into murine fibroblasts and investigated the relationship of forced dCMPD expression and resistance induction to ara-C. Several cell lines were established which demonstrated a 1.7-3.5-fold increase in cellular dCMPD activity and an up to 2-fold increase in the IC50 value of ara-C. However, increases in dCMPD activities did not show a positive linear correlation with the induction of ara-C resistance. In addition, CD34 + hematopoietic progenitor cells revealed the highest endogenous dCMPD enzyme levels among different human hematopoietic cells. Thus, despite the documented role for dCMPD in ara-CTP inactivation of certain cell types, these results suggest that the dCMPD gene may prove less useful than the CDD gene as a therapeutic target in attempts to attenuate ara-C-induced bone marrow toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Schröder
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cancer Research), West German Cancer Center, University of Essen Medical School
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kirch HC, Schröder J, Hoppe H, Esche H, Seeber S, Schütte J. Recombinant gene products of two natural variants of the human cytidine deaminase gene confer different deamination rates of cytarabine in vitro. Exp Hematol 1998; 26:421-5. [PMID: 9590659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent cloning of human cytidine deaminase (CDD) revealed two variants with a nonconservative amino acid deviation (Gln<-->Lys) at codon 27 within a region of structural homology to a core domain of bacterial CDDs. We here confirm the occurrence of both CDD sequences by cDNA cloning and show that at cytarabine (ara-C) concentrations of 1x10(-8) to 2x10(-2) M, the recombinant enzyme corresponding to the Lys-carrying natural variant (CDD-2) exerts a 1.3- to 3.3-fold higher in vitro deamination rate of ara-C than the Gln-carrying enzyme (CDD-1). These results suggest that this genetic polymorphism contributes to the different deamination phenotypes of ara-C observed in vivo, and that investigation of CDD allelotype frequencies and their correlation with ara-C resistance in patients with acute leukemia may be warranted. In addition, our data may be relevant to recently considered CDD gene transfer strategies for the detoxification of hematopoietic stem cells during high-dose therapy with cytosine nucleoside analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H C Kirch
- Institute of Molecular Biology (Cancer Research), University of Essen Medical School, West German Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Vieten L, Belair CD, Savelieva L, Jülicher K, Bröcker F, Bardenheuer W, Schütte J, Opalka B, Reznikoff CA. Minimal deletion of 3p13-->14.2 associated with immortalization of human uroepithelial cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1998; 21:39-48. [PMID: 9443040 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2264(199801)21:1<39::aid-gcc6>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immortalization and tumorigenic transformation of many human cell types, including human uroepithelial cells (HUCs), are frequently associated with loss of genetic material from the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p). In addition, losses of 3p have been observed in many human cancers including renal cell carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and bladder cancer. Genetic studies suggest that there are at least two regions on 3p in which tumor suppressor genes might be located, but the precise location of these genes is not known. We studied chromosome 3 losses that were specifically associated with immortalization of five independent human papilloma virus 16 (HPV16) E6- or E7-transformed HUCs. Cytogenetic analysis showed that the smallest common region of deletion was 3p14.1-->14.2. Fluorescence in situ hybridization using a 3p13-->14-specific yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig showed the precise localization of the breakpoints to be in 3p13 and 3p14.2, thus defining the smallest common overlap of 3p deletions in HPV16 E6- or E7-immortalized HUCs. These results suggest the presence in this region of genes involved in the control of senescence in vitro and possibly tumorigenesis in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Vieten
- Innere Klinik und Poliklinik (Tumorforschung), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lux A, Bardenheuer W, Michael D, Bröcker F, Jülicher K, Vieten L, Michaelis S, Seeber S, Opalka B, Schütte J. Identification of novel 'expressed sequence tags' within the FHIT gene locus in human chromosome region 3p14.2. Hum Genet 1997; 100:90-5. [PMID: 9225975 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Losses of genetic material within human chromosome regions (HCR) 3p12-p14 and 3p21-p22 are observed in various neoplasias, suggesting tumor suppressor gene (TSG) loci within these regions. HCR 3p14 is particularly interesting as it contains the t(3;8) translocation breakpoint of a hereditary renal cell carcinoma, the FRA3B fragile site, and DNA markers deleted in several types of human cancer. We here report on the identification of five novel 'expressed sequence tags' (ESTs) within 3p14.2 which map proximal to exon 9 of the candidate TSG, FHIT. These ESTs may be valuable for elucidation of the supposed TSG content in 3p14.2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lux
- Innere Klinik und Poliklinik (Tumorforschung), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|