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Zhang M, Li C, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Nie J, Shao S, Mei H, Rogers KM, Zhang W, Yuan Y. Effects of Water Isotope Composition on Stable Isotope Distribution and Fractionation of Rice and Plant Tissues. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38581384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Rice origin authenticity is important for food safety and consumer confidence. The stable isotope composition of rice is believed to be closely related to its water source, which affects its origin characteristics. However, the influence of water availability on the distribution of rice stable isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) is not clear. In this study, three irrigation waters with different isotopic values were used to investigate isotopic water use effects of Indica and Japonica rice, using pot experiments. Under three different water isotope treatments, the δ2H values of Indica polished rice showed significant differences (-65.0 ± 2.3, -60.5 ± 0.8 and -55.8 ± 1.7‰, respectively, p < 0.05) compared to δ13C and δ15N, as did Japonica polished rice. The values of δ2H and δ18O of rice became more positive when applying more enriched (in 2H and 18O) water, and the enrichment effect was higher in rice than in the corresponding plant tissue. In addition, the δ2H and δ18O values of Indica rice leaves decreased at the heading stage, increased at the filling stage, and then decreased at the harvest stage. Japonica rice showed a similar trend. δ2H changes from stem to leaf were more negative, but δ18O changes were more positive, and δ2H and δ18O values from leaf to rice were more positive for both brown and polished rice. The results from this study will clarify different water isotopic composition effects on rice and provide useful information to improve rice origin authenticity using stable isotope-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hanyi Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Weixing Zhang
- China National Rice Research Institute/Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Zhou X, Xiong B, Ma X, Jin B, Xie L, Rogers KM, Zhang H, Wu H. Towards Verifying the Imported Soybeans of China Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Analysis Coupled with Chemometrics. Foods 2023; 12:4227. [PMID: 38231675 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Verifying the geographical origin of soybeans (Glycine max [Linn.] Merr.) is a major challenge as there is little available information regarding non-parametric statistical origin approaches for Chinese domestic and imported soybeans. Commercially procured soybean samples from China (n = 33) and soybeans imported from Brazil (n = 90), the United States of America (n = 6), and Argentina (n = 27) were collected to characterize different producing origins using stable isotopes (δ2H, δ18O, δ15N, δ13C, and δ34S), non-metallic element content (% N, % C, and % S), and 23 mineral elements. Chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and BP-artificial neural network (BP-ANN) were applied to classify each origin profile. The feasibility of stable isotopes and elemental analysis combined with chemometrics as a discrimination tool to determine the geographical origin of soybeans was evaluated, and origin traceability models were developed. A PCA model indicated that origin discriminant separation was possible between the four soybean origins. Soybean mineral element content was found to be more indicative of origin than stable isotopes or non-metallic element contents. A comparison of two chemometric discriminant models, LDA and BP-ANN, showed both achieved an overall accuracy of 100% for testing and training sets when using a combined isotope and elemental approach. Our findings elucidate the importance of a combined approach in developing a reliable origin labeling method for domestic and imported soybeans in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Zhou
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Beibei Xiong
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Baohui Jin
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Liqi Xie
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Hui Zhang
- Comprehensive Technology Centre, Zhangjiagang Customs, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Meng Y, Jin B, Rogers KM, Zhou H, Song X, Zhang Y, Lin G, Wu H. Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation Effects in Different Organ Tissues of Grapes under Drought Conditions. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:13662-13671. [PMID: 37668543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
A study of different grapevine tissues and organs (root, stem, leaf, fruit) water isotope fractionation models from high-quality wine grapes produced in the Helan Mountains, a key wine-producing area in northwestern China, was undertaken. Results showed that δ2H values of local groundwater sources were more negative than rivers and precipitation. Soil water δ2H and δ18O values were significantly higher than those of other environmental water sources. Water from the soil surface layer (0-30 cm, δ2H and δ18O values) was more positive than the deeper layer (30-60 cm), indicating that soil water has undergone a positive fractionation effect. δ2H and δ18O values of tissues and organs from different grape varieties followed a similar pattern but were more negative than the local atmospheric precipitation line (slope between 4.1 to 5.2). The 2H and 18O fractionation relationship in grapevine organs was similar, and 18O has a higher fractionation effect than 2H. δ2H and δ18O values showed a strong fractionation effect during the transportation of water to different grape organs (trend of stem > fruit > leaf). This study showed that 18/16O fractionation in grapes is more likely to occur under drought conditions and provides a theoretical basis to improve traceability accuracy and origin protection of wine production areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Meng
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baohui Jin
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518016, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre,GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Haichao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - Xin Song
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen ,Fujian 361102, China
| | - Guanghui Lin
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen ,Fujian 361102, China
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Liu H, Nie J, Liu Y, Wadood SA, Rogers KM, Yuan Y, Gan RY. A review of recent compound-specific isotope analysis studies applied to food authentication. Food Chem 2023; 415:135791. [PMID: 36868070 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of food products is a relatively new and novel technique used to authenticate food and detect adulteration. This paper provides a review of recent on-line and off-line CSIA applications of plant and animal origin foods, essential oils and plant extracts. Different food discrimination techniques, applications, scope, and recent studies are discussed. CSIA δ13C values are widely used to verify geographical origin, organic production, and adulteration. The δ15N values of individual amino acids and nitrate fertilizers have proven effective to authenticate organic foods, while δ2H and δ18O values are useful to link food products with local precipitation for geographical origin verification. Most CSIA techniques focus on fatty acids, amino acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides, organic acids, and volatile compounds enabling more selective and detailed origin and authentication information than bulk isotope analyses.. In conclusion, CSIA has a stronger analytical advantage for the authentication of food compared to bulk stable isotope analysis, especially for honey, beverages, essential oils, and processed foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Syed Abdul Wadood
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
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Wadood SA, Jiang Y, Nie J, Li C, Rogers KM, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Yuan Y. Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091832. [PMID: 37174370 PMCID: PMC10178473 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of fertilizer supply and light intensity on the distribution of elemental contents (%C and %N) and light stable isotopes (C, N, H, and O) in different rice fractions (rice husk, brown rice, and polished rice) of two hybrid rice cultivars (maintainer lines You-1B and Zhong-9B) were investigated. Significant variations were observed for δ13C (-31.3 to -28.3‱), δ15N (2.4 to 2.7‱), δ2H (-125.7 to -84.7‱), and δ18O (15.1‱ to 23.7‱) values in different rice fractions among different cultivars. Fertilizer treatments showed a strong association with %N, δ15N, δ2H, and δ18O values while it did not impart any significant variation for the %C and δ13C values. Light intensity levels also showed a significant influence on the isotopic values of different rice fractions. The δ13C values showed a positive correlation with irradiance. The δ2H and δ15N values decreased with an increase in the irradiance. The light intensity levels did not show any significant change for δ18O values in rice fractions. Multivariate ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect of different factors (light intensity, fertilizer concentration, and rice variety) on the isotopic composition of rice fractions. It is concluded that all environmental and cultivation factors mentioned above significantly influenced the isotopic values and should be considered when addressing the authenticity and origin of rice. Furthermore, care should be taken when selecting rice fractions for traceability and authenticity studies since isotopic signatures vary considerably among different rice fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdul Wadood
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Home Economics Lahore, Lahore 54700, Pakistan
| | - Yunzhu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Nie J, Yang J, Liu C, Li C, Shao S, Yao C, Chen B, Tao Y, Wang F, Zhang Y, Rogers KM, Wang P, Yuan Y. Stable isotope and elemental profiles determine geographical origin of saffron from China and Iran. Food Chem 2023; 405:134733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Wehi PM, Rogers KM, Jowett T, Sabadel AJM. Interpreting past trophic ecology of a threatened alpine parrot, kea Nestor notabilis, from museum specimens. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:273-284. [PMID: 35569094 PMCID: PMC10083992 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
When ecosystems are under severe pressure or environments change, trophic position and intraspecific niche width may decrease or narrow, signalling that conservation action is required. In New Zealand, alpine and subalpine ecosystems have been extensively modified through farming since 19th-century European settlement, with consequences for indigenous species such as the kea Nestor notabilis. We investigated feather stable isotope values in the kea and predicted a lower trophic position in modern kea populations, to reflect reduced lowland habitat and a mixed diet with more plant material. We predicted that size and sex would influence trophic values in this sexually dimorphic species, with larger birds more likely to have a high protein diet. We examined potential dietary changes in 68 museum collected kea from 1880s to 2000s, first recording accession details including provenance and sex and measuring culmen length. We used bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses (BSIAs) of feathers and a further feather subset using compound-specific stable isotope analyses of amino acids (CSIA-AA) to obtain isotopic values and estimate trophic position. BSIA showed δ15 N values in kea feathers declined through time and could indicate that early century kea were highly omnivorous, with δ15 N values on average higher than in modern kea. Variance in δ15 N values was greater after 1950, driven by a few individuals. Few differences between males and females were evident, although females in the south region had lower δ15 N values. There was a tendency for large male birds to have higher trophic values, perhaps reflecting dominant male bird behaviour noted in historical records. Nonetheless, CSIA-AA performed on a subset of the data suggested that variation in BSIA is likely due to baseline changes rather than relative trophic position which may be more homogenous than these data indicate. Although there was more variability in modern kea, we suggest caution in interpretation. Stable isotope data, particularly CSIA-AA, from museum specimens can reveal potential change in ecological networks as well as sexually dimorphic feeding patterns within species. The data can reveal temporal and regional variation in species trophic position and changes in ecosystem integrity to inform conservation decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla M Wehi
- Centre for Sustainability (CSAFE), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Te Pūnaha Matatini Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.,Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tim Jowett
- Department of Maths and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Rogers KM, Phillips A, Fitzgerald J, Rogers P, Cooper J, Pearson AJ, Nie J, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Shao S, Yuan Y. Use of stable isotopes to characterise New Zealand butter in a global market. Int Dairy J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Song T, Xia Z, Liu C, Nie J, Zhou Y, Wadood SA, Zhang Y, Li C, Rogers KM, Yuan Y. Model Optimization for Geographical Discrimination of Lentinula edodes based Stable Isotopes and Multi-elements in China. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Wadood SA, Nie J, Li C, Rogers KM, Zhang Y, Yuan Y. Geographical origin classification of peanuts and processed fractions using stable isotopes. Food Chem X 2022; 16:100456. [PMID: 36203953 PMCID: PMC9529559 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable isotopes of peanuts and their different fractions are investigated. Stable C, N, O and H isotopes of peanuts are used to assign production origin. Peanuts are leguminous plants and fix nitrogen from the atmosphere. Peanut δ15N is unaffected by processing and indicates soil nitrification processes. LDA model achieved higher classification rates than k-NN and SVM models.
This study investigates the use of stable isotopes (C, N, H, and O) to characterize the geographical origin of peanuts along with different peanut fractions including whole peanut kernel, peanut shell, delipidized peanuts and peanut oil. Peanut samples were procured in 2017 from three distinctive growing regions (Shandong, Jilin, and Jiangsu) in China. Peanut processing significantly influenced the δ13C, δ2H, and δ18O values of different peanut fractions, whereas δ15N values were consistent across all fractions and unaffected by peanut processing. Geographical differences of peanut kernels and associated peanut fractions showed a maximum variance for δ15N and δ18O values which indicated their strong potential to discriminate origin. Different geographical classification models (SVM, LDA, and k-NN) were tested for peanut kernels and associated peanut fractions. LDA achieved the highest classification percentage, both on the training and validation sets. Delipidized peanuts had the best classification rate compared to the other fractions.
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Skrzypek G, Allison CE, Böhlke JK, Bontempo L, Brewer P, Camin F, Carter JF, Chartrand MMG, Coplen TB, Gröning M, Hélie JF, Esquivel-Hernández G, Kraft RA, Magdas DA, Mann JL, Meija J, Meijer HAJ, Moossen H, Ogrinc N, Perini M, Possolo A, Rogers KM, Schimmelmann A, Shemesh A, Soto DX, Thomas F, Wielgosz R, Winchester MR, Yan Z, Dunn PJH. Minimum requirements for publishing hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur stable-isotope delta results (IUPAC Technical Report). PURE APPL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2021-1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Stable hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur (HCNOS) isotope compositions expressed as isotope-delta values are typically reported relative to international standards such as Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW), Vienna Peedee belemnite (VPDB) or Vienna Cañon Diablo Troilite (VCDT). These international standards are chosen by convention and the calibration methods used to realise them in practice undergo occasional changes. To ensure longevity and reusability of published data, a comprehensive description of (1) analytical procedure, (2) traceability, (3) data processing, and (4) uncertainty evaluation is required. Following earlier International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry documents on terminology and notations, this paper proposes minimum requirements for publishing HCNOS stable-isotope delta results. Each of the requirements are presented with illustrative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Skrzypek
- West Australian Biogeochemistry Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA , Australia
| | - Colin E. Allison
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Oceans and Atmosphere , Aspendale , VIC , Australia
| | | | | | - Paul Brewer
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , UK
| | | | - James F. Carter
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services , Archerfield , Australia
| | | | | | | | - Jean-François Hélie
- Geotop & Département des sciences de la Terre et de l’atmosphère, Université du Québec à Montréal , Montreal , Canada
| | - Germain Esquivel-Hernández
- Stable Isotopes Research Group and Water Resources Management Laboratory, Universidad Nacional Costa Rica , Heredia , Costa Rica
| | - Rebecca A. Kraft
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States Department of Commerce , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Dana A. Magdas
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Jacqueline L. Mann
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States Department of Commerce , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Juris Meija
- National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Harro A. J. Meijer
- Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen , Groningen , Netherlands
| | - Heiko Moossen
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry , Jena , Germany
| | - Nives Ogrinc
- Department of Environmental Sciences , J. Stefan Institute , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Matteo Perini
- Fondazione Edmund Mach , San Michele all’Adige , Italy
| | - Antonio Possolo
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States Department of Commerce , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | | | - Arndt Schimmelmann
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , Indiana University , Bloomington , IN , USA
| | - Aldo Shemesh
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences , The Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
| | - David X. Soto
- International Atomic Energy Agency , Vienna , Austria
| | | | - Robert Wielgosz
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures , Sevres Cedex , France
| | - Michael R. Winchester
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States Department of Commerce , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Zhao Yan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agri-Products, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences , Beijing , China
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Wadood SA, Nie J, Li C, Rogers KM, Khan A, Khan WA, Qamar A, Zhang Y, Yuwei Y. Rice authentication: An overview of different analytical techniques combined with multivariate analysis. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Sheng M, Zhang W, Nie J, Li C, Zhu AX, Hu H, Lou W, Deng X, Lyu X, Ren Z, Rogers KM, Abdul Wadood S, Zhang Y, Yuan Y. Predicting isoscapes based on an environmental similarity model for the geographical origin of Chinese rice. Food Chem 2022; 397:133744. [PMID: 35878556 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The authentication of geographical origin of food is important using stable isotope analysis. However, the isotopic databank is still short of comprehensive. The isoscapes model based on environmental similarity is used for the first time to predict the geospatial distribution of δ13C, δ2H and δ18O in Chinese rice in 2017 and 2018. 794 rice samples in 2017 were used to build isoscapes model. Independent verification shows that the predicted isotope distribution from this new approach is of high accuracy, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.51 ‰, 7.09 ‰ and 2.06 ‰ for δ13C, δ2H and δ18O values for 2017, respectively. Our results indicate that it is possible to predict the spatial distribution of stable isotopes in rice using an isoscapes model based on environmental similarity. This novel strategy can enrich and complement a stable isotope reference database for rice origin identification at regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - A-Xing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weidong Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xunfei Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiaonan Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhouqiao Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Syed Abdul Wadood
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Department of Nutrition &Health Promotion, University of Home Economics Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
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14
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Liu X, Bai B, Rogers KM, Wu D, Qian Q, Qi F, Zhou J, Yao C, Song W. Determining the geographical origin and cultivation methods of Shanghai special rice using NIR and IRMS. Food Chem 2022; 394:133425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Bin L, Wang C, Liu Z, He W, Zhao D, Fang YY, Li Y, Zhang Z, Chen P, Liu W, Rogers KM. Geographical origin traceability of muskmelon from Xinjiang province using stable isotopes and multi-elements with chemometrics. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Xia W, Li C, Nie J, Shao S, Rogers KM, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yuan Y. Stable isotope and photosynthetic response of tea grown under different temperature and light conditions. Food Chem 2022; 368:130771. [PMID: 34438181 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The stable isotope and photosynthesis response of tea (Camellia sinensis) is determined under different light and temperature conditions. The results showed that isotopes of young tea leaves were more enriched with increasing light intensity (31 ~ 411 µmol m-2∙s-1). However, the value of δ13C and δ15N seemed depleted, while δ2H and δ18O became enriched as temperature increasing from 15 to 35 °C. Significant isotope differences were found in tea leaves harvested between early growth (0 ~ 10 days) and later growth (10 ~ 21 days) periods (p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation showed a negative correlation between isotopes (δ13C, δ15N and δ2H) and photosynthetic parameters (EVAP and CI) ranging from 0.497 to 0.872, under 25 °C/203 µmol m-2∙s-1. But δ18O had a weak correlation with all photosynthetic parameters under the same conditions. These distinctive correlations between isotopes and photosynthetic parameters provide new insights which could be used to predict tea isotope responses arising from subtle seasonal or climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Grace Field Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zuguang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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17
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Zhou X, Wu H, Pan J, Chen H, Jin B, Yan Z, Xie L, Rogers KM. Geographical traceability of south-east Asian durian: A chemometric study using stable isotopes and elemental compositions. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Li C, Wang Q, Shao S, Chen Z, Nie J, Liu Z, Rogers KM, Yuan Y. Stable Isotope Effects of Biogas Slurry Applied as an Organic Fertilizer to Rice, Straw, and Soil. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:8090-8097. [PMID: 34279098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biogas slurry (BS) is now increasingly used for organic rice production in China. However, the isotopic response and fractionation of different BS application rates to characterize organic rice cultivation have not yet been investigated. In this study, different fertilizer treatments were applied to rice paddy soil including urea, BS with five different application rates and a control with no fertilizer added. Multiproxy analyses (% C, % N, δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, and δ18O) of rice, rice straw, and soil were undertaken using elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rice, straw, and soil showed only minor isotopic and elemental variations across all fertilizer treatments except for δ15N. δ15N values of rice and straw became more positive (+6.1 to +11.2‰ and +6.1 to +12.2‰, respectively) with increasing BS application rates and became more negative with urea fertilization (+2.8 and +3.0‰, respectively). The soil had more positive δ15N values after BS application but showed no significant change with different application rates. No obvious δ15N isotopic differences were found between the control soil and soils fertilized with urea. 15N fractionation was observed between rice, straw, and soil (Δrice-soil -2.0 to +4.3‰, Δstraw-soil -1.9 to +5.3‰) and their isotopic values were strongly correlated to each other (r > 0.94, p < 0.01). Results showed that % C, % N, δ13C, δ2H, and δ18O in rice displayed only minor variations for different fertilizers. However, δ15N values increased in response to BS application, confirming that BS leaves an enriched 15N isotopic marker in soil, straw, and rice, indicating its organically cultivated status. Results from this study will enhance the stable isotope δ15N databank for assessing organic practices using different fertilizer sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhaoming Chen
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Hangzhou 310021, China
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19
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Nie J, Shao S, Zhang Y, Li C, Liu Z, Rogers KM, Wu MC, Lee CP, Yuan Y. Discriminating protected geographical indication Chinese Jinxiang garlic from other origins using stable isotopes and chemometrics. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Rogers KM, Turnbull JC, Dahl J, Phillips A, Bridson JH, Raymond LG, Liu Z, Yuan Y, Hill SJ. Authenticating bioplastics using carbon and hydrogen stable isotopes - An alternative analytical approach. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2021; 35:e9051. [PMID: 33474806 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A combination of stable carbon (δ13 C) and hydrogen (δ2 H) isotope ratios and carbon content (% C) was evaluated as a rapid, low-cost analytical approach to authenticate bioplastics, complementing existing radiocarbon (14 C) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analytical methods. METHODS Petroleum- and bio-based precursor materials and in-market plastics were analysed and their δ13 C, δ2 H and % C values were used to establish isotope criteria to evaluate plastic claims, and the source and biocontent of the samples. 14 C was used to confirm the findings of the isotope approach and FTIR analysis was used to vertify the plastic type of the in-market plastics. RESULTS Distinctive carbon and hydrogen stable isotope ratios were found for authentic bio-based and petroleum-based precursor plastics, and it was possible to classify in-market plastics according to their source materials (petroleum, C3, C4, and mixed sources). An estimation of C4 biocontent was possible from a C4-petroleum isotope mixing model using δ13 C which was well correlated (R2 = 0.98) to 14 C. It was not possible to establish a C3-petroleum isotope mixing model due to δ13 C isotopic overlap with petroleum plastics; however, the addition of δ2 H and % C was useful to evaluate if petroleum-bioplastic mixes contained C3 bioplastics, and PLS-DA modelling reliably clustered each plastic type. CONCLUSIONS A combined dual stable isotope and carbon content approach was found to rapidly and accurately identify C3 and C4 bio-based products from their petroleum counterparts, and identify instances of petroleum and bio-based mixes frequently found in mislabelled bioplastics. Out of 37 in-market products labelled as bioplastic, 19 were found to contain varying amounts of petroleum-based plastic and did not meet their bio-based claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Box 30-368, Lower Hutt, PO, New Zealand
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jocelyn C Turnbull
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Box 30-368, Lower Hutt, PO, New Zealand
- CIRES, University of Colorado at Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Jenny Dahl
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Box 30-368, Lower Hutt, PO, New Zealand
| | - Andy Phillips
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Box 30-368, Lower Hutt, PO, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Zhi Liu
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
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21
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Rogers KM, Phillips A, Fitzgerald J, Rogers P, Ferguson C, Cooper J, Yuan Y. Authentication of Indonesian Coconut Sugar Using Stable Carbon Isotopes. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-01967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Liu Z, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Nie J, Shao S, Rogers KM. Differentiating wild, lake-farmed and pond-farmed carp using stable isotope and multi-element analysis of fish scales with chemometrics. Food Chem 2020; 328:127115. [PMID: 32480259 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope ratios and multi-element signatures of pooled fish scales were used to differentiate wild, lake-farmed and pond-farmed carp from Dongting Lake, China. Fish scales were found to be important archives for the dietary history and trophic level of wild and farmed fish, indicating their food sources. δ13C and δ15N values of pond-farmed carp scales were comparatively enriched to wild and lake-farmed carp due to their animal protein-derived feeds. Multi-element compositions of fish scales also showed significant differences between wild and farmed fish. A partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model correctly discriminated the three carp groups. Discrimination accuracies of wild, lake-farmed and pond-farmed carp were 100%, 95%, and 100% for the training set, and 100% for the testing set. This strategy provides a promising non-lethal alternative method to combat mislabeling of freshwater carp from different farming methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Avenue Z-Park, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
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Liu X, Liu Z, Qian Q, Song W, Rogers KM, Rao Q, Wang S, Zhang Q, Shao S, Tian M, Song W, Yuan Y. Isotope chemometrics determines farming methods and geographical origin of vegetables from Yangtze River Delta Region, China. Food Chem 2020; 342:128379. [PMID: 33097333 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Shanghai city has encountered possible food fraud regarding the geographical mislabeling of vegetables for economic gain. A combination of δ13C, δ15N, δ2H and δ18O values and partial least squares discrimination analysis and support vector machine (SVM) methods were used for the first time to assess farming methods and determine the origin of vegetables from Shanghai city, Anhui and Zhejiang provinces. The results showed that 65.8% of Shanghai vegetables, 38.2% of Anhui vegetables and 23.6% of Zhejiang vegetables appeared to be grown using green or organic farming methods. The optimal discriminant model was obtained using SVM with a predictive accuracy of 100% for Shanghai vegetables. Zhejiang vegetables had a predictive accuracy of 91.7%, while it was difficult to distinguish Anhui vegetables from Shanghai or Zhejiang vegetables. Therefore, this study provided a useful method to identify vegetable farming methods and discriminate vegetables from Shanghai and Zhejiang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qunli Qian
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Qinxiong Rao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Qicai Zhang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Minglu Tian
- Information Research Institute of Science and Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Service Platform of Agro-products Quality and Safety Evaluation Technology, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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24
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Wu H, Lin G, Tian L, Yan Z, Yi B, Bian X, Jin B, Xie L, Zhou H, Rogers KM. Origin verification of French red wines using isotope and elemental analyses coupled with chemometrics. Food Chem 2020; 339:127760. [PMID: 32860996 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Origin verification of 240 French wines from four regions of France was undertaken using isotope and elemental analyses. Our aim was to identify and differentiate the geographical origin of these red wines, and more importantly, to build a classification tool that can be used to verify geographic origin of French red wines using machine learning models. Multivariate analyses of the isotopic and elemental data revealed that it is possible to determine the geographical origin of French wines with a high level of confidence for most regions analyzed in this study. The wine verification accuracy of four French wine producing regions of Bordeaux, Burgundy, Languedoc-Roussillon and Rhone using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method was 98.2%. The results also show that ANN is more suitable than Discriminant Analysis for this verification purpose. The most important variables for French wine regional traceability were Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, Ti and Rb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Guanghui Lin
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Management College, Shenzhen Polytechnical, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhi Yan
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Bingqing Yi
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Xuehai Bian
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Baohui Jin
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Liqi Xie
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Haichao Zhou
- School of Life and Marine Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
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Xie L, Zhao S, Rogers KM, Xia Y, Zhang B, Suo R, Zhao Y. A case of milk traceability in small-scale districts-Inner Mongolia of China by nutritional and geographical parameters. Food Chem 2020; 316:126332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Song X, She S, Xin M, Chen L, Li Y, Heyden YV, Rogers KM, Chen L. Detection of adulteration in Chinese monofloral honey using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and chemometrics. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Liu Z, Yuan Y, Xie T, Zhang Y, Shao S, Nie J, Xia W, Rogers KM, Zhang W. Long-Term Agricultural Effects on the Authentication Accuracy of Organic, Green, and Conventional Rice Using Isotopic and Elemental Chemometric Analyses. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:1213-1225. [PMID: 31903748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organically farmed rice is believed to be healthier, safer, and eco-friendlier than its conventionally farmed counterparts and sells for a premium price in global markets. Deliberate mislabeling of organic rice has become a critical consumer concern in China and elsewhere, and there is an increased risk of buying fraudulent organic rice in the market place. In this study, stable isotopic and multielemental analysis combined with chemometrics was used to differentiate organically farmed rice from green and conventional rice in a 4-year experimental field trial from 2014 to 2017. A total of 108 rice samples and their associated soils were collected during the study from three farming (fertilization) systems to investigate whether there are long-term changes in the rice farming classification accuracy from climate effects. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios (i.e., δ13C and δ15N) and 27 elemental contents (e.g., Na, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn) of rice and soil samples were determined and then evaluated using statistical analysis [i.e., one-way analysis of variance, multivariable correlation analysis, and modeling of partial least-squares discriminant analysis]. Although δ15N values can be an effective indicator for organic rice authentication during one crop rotation, both δ13C and δ15N values of rice were easily affected by rice cultivar and interannual soil fertilization and localized agroclimatic variations. These two isotopes were not able to separate organic rice from green and conventional rice accurately. Elemental contents of green and conventional rice (especially K and Ca) were found at higher levels due to the abundant application of synthetic fertilizers (e.g., KNO3, KH2PO4, and CaHPO4), unlike organically farmed rice, which primarily used animal manure and composts. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis modeling combined isotopic and elemental signatures to correctly differentiate organic rice from green and conventional counterparts, with an accuracy up to 100% over the 4-year study. Therefore, this multi-isotope and -element strategy proposes a more rigorous, alternative tool to combat fraudulent mislabeling of organic rice, increasing the trust of organically labeled rice products and supporting the integrity of the organic sector worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Tongzhou Xie
- Jiaxian Rice Product Limited Company , Danyang 212341 , Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Jing Nie
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Wei Xia
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
- National Isotope Centre , GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Weixing Zhang
- China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou 310006 , China
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Deng X, Liu Z, Zhan Y, Ni K, Zhang Y, Ma W, Shao S, Lv X, Yuan Y, Rogers KM. Predictive geographical authentication of green tea with protected designation of origin using a random forest model. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Zhao S, Zhao Y, Rogers KM, Chen G, Chen A, Yang S. Application of multi-element (C, N, H, O) stable isotope ratio analysis for the traceability of milk samples from China. Food Chem 2019; 310:125826. [PMID: 31767489 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cow milk samples from various provinces in China were collected, and the effects of lactation stage, sampling time, and geographic origin on the samples were studied by elemental analysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS). Traceability accuracy was determined using δ13C, δ15N, δ2H and δ18O values to specifically assign geographic origin. Stable isotope ratios of C, N, H and O were not significantly different among three lactation stages; however the δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values of milk were influenced by sampling time. Furthermore, there were highly significant regional differences in the mean δ13C and δ15N values of milk. In summary, the lactation stage had no effect on the traceability of milk, whereas sampling time and geographic origin did affect milk traceability. Different geographic locations with a separation distance greater than 0.7 km can be distinguished using multi-element (C, N, H, O) stable isotope ratio analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ailiang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuming Yang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
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30
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Wang X, Rogers KM, Li Y, Yang S, Chen L, Zhou J. Untargeted and Targeted Discrimination of Honey Collected by Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Based on Volatiles Using HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:12144-12152. [PMID: 31587558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fraudulent acts regarding honey authenticity that use Apis mellifera honey as a substitute for Apis cerana honey have garnered considerable concern in China and triggered a trust crisis from consumers. In this study, untargeted metabolomics analysis was carried out based on volatile fractions in honey from A. cerana and A. mellifera using headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS). Honey from A. cerana and A. mellifera was discriminated by HS-GC-IMS profiling, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis. Tentative markers were identified from p-values and the variable importance in projection analysis and confirmed using the retention index, mass fragments, and reference standards by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A targeted method was established using the headspace solid phase coupled with microextraction GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS) to quantitate the markers. The results demonstrated that the developed untargeted and targeted metabolomics approach performed well when discriminating honey from A. cerana and A. mellifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre , GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China
| | - Shupeng Yang
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China
| | - Lanzhen Chen
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , PR China
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31
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Wu H, Tian L, Chen B, Jin B, Tian B, Xie L, Rogers KM, Lin G. Verification of imported red wine origin into China using multi isotope and elemental analyses. Food Chem 2019; 301:125137. [PMID: 31362191 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multi-isotope and multi-elemental analyses were performed on 600 red wine samples imported into China from 7 different countries and compared with Chinese wine. Carbon and oxygen isotopes and 16 elements were used to determine origin traceability. Our goal was to build a classification tool using data modeling that can verify the geographic origin of wines imported into China. Multivariate analyses of the isotopic and elemental data revealed that it is possible to determine the geographical origin for most imported wines with a high level of confidence (>90%). The results show that Artificial Neural Network method had a high discrimination accuracy and is more suitable than Discrimination Analysis and Random Forest methods when it comes to classifying wine origin on a global scale. In conclusion, stable isotope and trace element analyses followed by multivariate processing of the data is a fast and efficient technique suitable for global wine traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Management College, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Baohui Jin
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Liqi Xie
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Guanghui Lin
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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32
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Liu Z, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Hu G, Zhu J, Rogers KM. Geographical traceability of Chinese green tea using stable isotope and multi-element chemometrics. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2019; 33:778-788. [PMID: 30716180 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Deliberate and fraudulent origin mislabeling of Chinese green tea motivated by large price differences often brings significant food safety risks and damages consumer trust. Currently, there is no reliable method to verify the origin of green tea produced in China. Stable isotope and multi-element analyses combined with statistical models are widely acknowledged as useful traceability techniques for many agro-products, and could be developed to confirm the geographical origin of Chinese green tea and, more importantly, combat illegal green tea mislabeling and fraud. METHODS An analytical strategy combining elemental analyzer/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA/IRMS) and inductively plasma coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with chemometrics tools was used to confirm the origin of green tea grown in the main tea production provinces around China. Stable C, N, H, O isotope ratios and twenty elements were measured to build mathematical discriminant models using unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Two main problems: (i) tracing the origin of Chinese green tea from different tea growing provinces (Zhejiang, Shandong, and other provinces); (ii) authentication of high-value Westlake Longjing tea from the Westlake region and surrounding areas in Zhejiang province, were investigated and assessed. RESULTS The results demonstrated that PCA and follow-up LDA based on stable isotope and multi-element signatures can verify the geographical origin of Chinese green tea from different provinces, and even localized zones in the same province could be distinguishable, with discrimination accuracies higher than 92.3% and 87.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Geochemical fingerprinting techniques coupled with chemometric tools offer an accurate and effective verification method for the geographical origin of Chinese green tea, providing a promising tool to combat fraudulent mislabeling of high-value green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yuanzhi Shi
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Guixian Hu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jiahong Zhu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
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33
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Zhao S, Zhao Y, Rogers KM, Chen A, Zhang T, Yang S. Two new defatted beef reference materials, CAAS-1801 and CAAS-1802, for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio measurements. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2019; 33:803-810. [PMID: 30739352 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isotope reference materials are essential to enable reliable and comparable isotope data across multiple laboratories. Although many reference materials already exist, the best reference materials should mimic the unknown samples, so new reference materials continue to evolve with the development of isotope research in new product areas. METHODS Two defatted beef reference materials, CAAS-1801 and CAAS-1802, with substantially different δ13 C values (due to difference in dietary intake), have been prepared as reference materials for stable C and N isotope analysis of meat tissue. Homogeneity, and short- and long-term stability tests of these reference materials have been performed. The δ13 C and δ15 N values of both materials were measured for two-point isotopic normalization against international reference materials by elemental analyzer/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA/IRMS). A total of nine international laboratories were selected for the joint evaluation. Cochran statistical analysis yielded the values reported here. RESULTS The defatted beef reference material CAAS-1801 from Heilongjiang province has a δ13 C value of -13.58 ± 0.56‰ relative to VPDB and a δ15 N value of 4.23 ± 0.56‰ relative to N2 in air. The defatted beef reference material CAAS-1802 from Sichuan province has a δ13 C value of -25.03 ± 0.45‰ and a δ15 N value of 4.36 ± 0.69‰. CONCLUSIONS The two defatted beef reference materials were found to be isotopically stable across a range of ambient temperatures, and to have low volatility and toxicity, which enables them to be useful as stable isotope reference materials in the field of authentication and traceability of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
| | - Ailiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shuming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yang G, Shao S, Nie J, Yuan Y, Rogers KM. Influence of leaf age, species and soil depth on the authenticity and geographical origin assignment of green tea. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2019; 33:625-634. [PMID: 30667552 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Stable isotope fractionation occurring during leaf growth provides internal characteristics for identifying the geographical origin, traceability and authentication of tea. Studying the influence of leaf age, species and the relationship with the cultivated soil may reveal previously undocumented stable isotope fractionation mechanisms, and provide a deeper understanding of the physiological isotopic effects on the tractability and authentication accuracy of green tea to combat mislabeling and fraudulent conduct. METHODS A total of 36 pairs of young (one bud with one leaf) and mature growth (older leaf) samples from two species of Longjing tea (Longjing #43 and Colonial cultivar) and corresponding cultivation soil samples from two different depth layers (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) were collected in Westlake district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. Four stable isotope ratios (δ13 C, δ15 N, δ2 H, and δ18 O values) were measured using an elemental analyzer coupled with an isotope ratio spectrometer. Linear correlation and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical analyses were performed to investigate isotopic fractionation mechanisms during plant growth, and reflect the dynamic physiological processes from soil to leaf. RESULTS The carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13 C and δ15 N values) reflected the absorption, migration and fractionation of carbon dioxide and nitrogenous nutrients during photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, nitrogen fixation and leaf respiration. The water isotope ratios (δ2 H and δ18 O values) reflected the use and fractionation of water by tea plants at different growth stages. CONCLUSIONS Considerable differences were found for hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios according to leaf age, revealing complex isotopic fractionation mechanisms and possible interference factors. Leaf maturity effects should be considered, as they will influence the precision and accuracy of models when assigning the geographical origin, traceability and authentication of tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Guilin Yang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
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Meng J, Liu Z, Gou CL, Rogers KM, Yu WJ, Zhang SS, Yuan YW, Zhang L. Geographical origin of Chinese wolfberry (goji) determined by carbon isotope analysis of specific volatile compounds. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1105:104-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Yuan Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Shao S, Zhou L, Rogers KM. Differentiating Organically Farmed Rice from Conventional and Green Rice Harvested from an Experimental Field Trial Using Stable Isotopes and Multi-Element Chemometrics. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:2607-2615. [PMID: 29419296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemometric methods using stable isotopes and elemental fingerprinting were used to characterize organically grown rice from green and conventionally grown rice in experimental field trials in China. Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen stable isotopes as well as 26 other elements were determined. Organic rice was found to be more depleted in 13C than green or conventionally grown rice because of the uptake of enriched 13C from carbon dioxide and methane respiring bacteria and more enriched in 15N because of the volatilization of the nitrogen from the urea and ammonium of the animal manures used to manufacture the organic composts. Chemometrics (principal-component analysis and linear-discriminant analysis) were used to separate the three farming methods and provided a promising scientific tool to authenticate the farming methods of different rice cultivars fertilized with animal manures, green composts, and synthetic fertilizers in China or elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yuan
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou 310006 , P.R. China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021 , P.R. China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre , GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
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Spiteri M, Rogers KM, Jamin E, Thomas F, Guyader S, Lees M, Rutledge DN. Combination of 1H NMR and chemometrics to discriminate manuka honey from other floral honey types from Oceania. Food Chem 2017; 217:766-772. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yuan Y, Hu G, Chen T, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xu X, Shao S, Zhu J, Wang Q, Rogers KM. Improved Discrimination for Brassica Vegetables Treated with Agricultural Fertilizers Using a Combined Chemometric Approach. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:5633-5643. [PMID: 27355562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Multielement and stable isotope (δ(13)C, δ(15)N, δ(2)H, δ(18)O, (207)Pb/(206)Pb, and (208)Pb/(206)Pb) analyses were combined to provide a new chemometric approach to improve the discrimination between organic and conventional Brassica vegetable production. Different combinations of organic and conventional fertilizer treatments were used to demonstrate this authentication approach using Brassica chinensis planted in experimental test pots. Stable isotope analyses (δ(15)N and δ(13)C) of B. chinensis using elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry easily distinguished organic and chemical fertilizer treatments. However, for low-level application fertilizer treatments, this dual isotope approach became indistinguishable over time. Using a chemometric approach (combined isotope and elemental approach), organic and chemical fertilizer mixes and low-level applications of synthetic and organic fertilizers were detectable in B. chinensis and their associated soils, improving the detection limit beyond the capacity of individual isotopes or elemental characterization. LDA shows strong promise as an improved method to discriminate genuine organic Brassica vegetables from produce treated with chemical fertilizers and could be used as a robust test for organic produce authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yuan
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Guixian Hu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Tianjin Chen
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao 266100, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiahong Xu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Shengzhi Shao
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Jiahong Zhu
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
- Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
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Rogers KM, van Ruth S, Alewijn M, Philips A, Rogers P. Verification of Egg Farming Systems from The Netherlands and New Zealand Using Stable Isotopes. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:8372-8380. [PMID: 26343509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotopes were used to develop authentication criteria of eggs laid under cage, barn, free range, and organic farming regimens from The Netherlands and New Zealand. A training set of commercial poultry feeds and egg albumen from 49 poultry farms across The Netherlands was used to determine the isotopic variability of organic and conventional feeds and to assess trophic effects of these corresponding feeds and barn, free range, and organic farming regimens on corresponding egg albumen. A further 52 brands of New Zealand eggs were sampled from supermarket shelves in 2008 (18), 2010 (30), and 2014 (4) to characterize and monitor changes in caged, barn, free range, and organic egg farming regimens. Stable carbon (δ(13)C) and nitrogen (δ(15)N) isotopes of 49 commercial poultry feeds and their corresponding egg albumens reveals that Dutch poultry are fed exclusively on a plant-based feed and that it is possible to discriminate between conventional and organic egg farming regimens in The Netherlands. Similarly, it is possible to discriminate between New Zealand organic and conventional egg farming regimens, although in the initial screening in 2008, results showed that some organic eggs had isotope values similar to those of conventional eggs, suggesting hens were not exclusively receiving an organic diet. Dutch and New Zealand egg regimens were shown to have a low isotopic correlation between both countries, because of different poultry feed compositions. In New Zealand, both conventional and organic egg whites have higher δ(15)N values than corresponding Dutch egg whites, due to the use of fishmeal or meat and bone meal (MBM), which is banned in European countries. This study suggests that stable isotopes (specifically nitrogen) show particular promise as a screening and authentication tool for organically farmed eggs. Criteria to assess truthfulness in labeling of organic eggs were developed, and we propose that Dutch organic egg whites should have a minimum δ(15)N value of 4.8‰ to account for an organic plant derived diet. Monitoring of New Zealand egg isotopes over the past 7 years suggests that organic eggs should have a minimum δ(15)N value of 6.0‰, and eggs falling below this value should be investigated further by certification authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Saskia van Ruth
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research Center , P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Alewijn
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research Center , P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andy Philips
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Pam Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science , 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
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Rogers KM, Sim M, Stewart S, Phillips A, Cooper J, Douance C, Pyne R, Rogers P. Investigating C-4 sugar contamination of manuka honey and other New Zealand honey varieties using carbon isotopes. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:2605-2614. [PMID: 24568639 DOI: 10.1021/jf404766f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon isotopes (δ(13)C honey and δ(13)C protein) and apparent C-4 sugar contents of 1023 New Zealand honeys from 15 different floral types were analyzed to investigate which New Zealand honey is prone to failing the AOAC 998.12 C-4 sugar test and evaluate the occurrence of false-positive results. Of the 333 honey samples that exceeded the 7% C-4 sugar threshold, 324 samples of these were New Zealand manuka honey (Leptospermum scoparium, 97.2% of all fails found in the study). Three monofloral honeys (ling, kamahi, and tawari) had nine samples (2.8% of all fails found in the study) with apparent C-4 sugars exceeding 7%. All other floral types analyzed did not display C-4 sugar fails. False-positive results were found to occur for higher activity New Zealand manuka honey with a methylglyoxal content >250 mg/kg or a nonperoxide activity >10+, and for some ling, kamahi and tawari honeys. Recommendations for future interpretation of the AOAC 998.12 C-4 sugar method are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
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Rogers KM, Grainger M, Manley-Harris M. The unique manuka effect: why New Zealand manuka honey fails the AOAC 998.12 C-4 sugar method. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:2615-2622. [PMID: 24446986 DOI: 10.1021/jf404767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of dihydroxyacteone (DHA) to methylglyoxal (MGO) has been shown to be the key mechanism for the growth in "apparent" C-4 sugar content in nonperoxide activity (NPA) manuka honey. This reaction is enhanced by heating and storage time and is demonstrated for the first time in clover honey adulterated with DHA purchased from a chemical supplier and in manuka honey containing naturally occurring DHA and MGO. After heating at 37 °C for 83 days, pure clover honey with no added DHA has the same apparent C-4 sugar content as at t = 0 days. The same clover honey adulterated with synthetic DHA added at t = 0 days and heated at 37 °C over the same time scale shows a change in apparent C-4 sugars from 2.8 to 5.0%. Four NPA manuka honeys heated over longer periods show an increase in apparent C-4 sugars of up to 280% after 241 days. This study strongly suggests that a protein fractionation effect occurs in the conversion of DHA to MGO in higher NPA manuka honey, rendering the remaining δ(13)C protein value more negative and falsely indicating C-4 sugar addition when using the AOAC 998.12 method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
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Simister R, Taylor MW, Rogers KM, Schupp PJ, Deines P. Temporal molecular and isotopic analysis of active bacterial communities in two New Zealand sponges. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2013; 85:195-205. [PMID: 23488722 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of changes in microbial communities is an essential step towards a better understanding of host-microbe associations. It is well established that sponges (phylum Porifera) harbour a diverse and abundant microbial community, but it is not known whether these microbial communities change over time. Here, we followed two sponge species (Ancorina alata and Tethya stolonifera) over a 2-year sampling period using RNA (16S rRNA)-based amplicon pyrosequencing and bulk stable isotope analysis (δ(13) C and δ(15)N). A total of 4468 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was identified, which were affiliated with 26 bacterial phyla. Bacterial communities of both sponge species were remarkably stable throughout the monitoring period, driven by a small number of OTUs that dominated their respective communities. Variability of sponge-associated bacterial communities was driven by OTUs that were low in abundance or transient over time. Stable isotope analysis provided evidence of both bacteria- and host-derived nutrients and their variability throughout the season. While δ(15) N values were similar, significant differences were found in δ(13) C of sponge tissue, indicative of a varying reliance on particulate organic matter as a carbon source. Further temporal studies, such as those undertaken here, will be highly valuable to identify which members of a sponge bacterial community are truly symbiotic in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Simister
- Centre for Microbial Innovation, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Barr NG, Dudley BD, Rogers KM, Cornelisen CD. Broad-scale patterns of tissue-δ15N and tissue-N indices in frondose Ulva spp.; developing a national baseline indicator of nitrogen-loading for coastal New Zealand. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 67:203-216. [PMID: 23260648 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A survey of tissue-δ(15)N and tissue-N values in the green macroalga, Ulva, was conducted around the coast of New Zealand to determine if these indices could be used as indicators of anthropogenic nutrient loading in coastal waters. In addition, data from four case studies showed temporal and spatial responses of tissue-δ(15)N and tissue-N in Ulva to significant terrestrial nutrient inputs. Tissue-δ(15)N in Ulva from 'natural' exposed coastal sites showed a relatively narrow baseline range of values (6.6±0.1-8.8±0.1‰) in both summer and winter that was consistent throughout New Zealand. Departures in Ulva tissue-δ(15)N ratios outside this range, particularly when coupled with high (>3.1%) tissue-N values, indicate significant contributions of terrestrially-derived nitrogen to coastal seawater. We note that tissue-N content is also affected by exposure, light and season; however provided such factors are taken into account Ulva can be a cost-effective indicator of relative changes in both source and amount of nitrogen-loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neill G Barr
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA), Mahanga Bay Aquaculture Research Facility, Private Bag 14901, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Rogers KM, Nicolini E, Gauthier V. Identifying source and formation altitudes of nitrates in drinking water from Réunion Island, France, using a multi-isotopic approach. J Contam Hydrol 2012; 138-139:93-103. [PMID: 22858670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate concentrations, water isotopes (δ(2)H and δ(18)O(water)) and associated nitrate isotopes (δ(15)N(nitrate) and δ(18)O(nitrate)) from 10 drinking water wells, 5 fresh water springs and the discharge from 3 wastewater treatment stations in Réunion Island, located in the Indian Ocean, were analysed. We used a multi isotopic approach to investigate the extent of nitrate contamination, nitrate formation altitude and source of nitrates in Réunion Island's principal aquifer. Water from these study sites contained between 0.1 and 85.3 mg/L nitrate. δ(15)N(nitrate) values between +6 and +14‰ suggested the main sources of contamination were animal and/or human waste, rather than inorganic (synthetic) fertilisers, infiltrating through the subsurface into the saturated zone, due to rainfall leaching of the unsaturated zone at various altitudes of precipitation. Based on δ(15)N(nitrate) values alone, it was not possible to distinguish between animal and human activities responsible for the contamination of each specific catchment. However, using a multi isotope approach (δ(18)O(water) and δ(15)N(nitrate)), it was possible to relate the average altitude of rainfall infiltration (δ(18)O(water)) associated with the nitrate contamination (δ(18)O(nitrate)). This relationship between land use, rainfall recharge altitude and isotopic composition (δ(15)N(nitrate) and δ(18)O(water)) discriminated between the influences of human waste at lower (below 600 m elevation) or animal derived contamination (at elevations between 600 and 1300 m). By further comparing the theoretical altitude of nitrate formation calculated by the δ(18)O(nitrate), it was possible to determine that only 5 out of 15 fresh water wells and springs followed the conservative nitrate formation mechanism of 2/3δ(18)O(water)+1/3δ(18)O(air), to give nitrate formation altitudes which corresponded to land use activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, PO Box 32-312, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
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Rogers KM, Wassenaar LI, Soto DX, Bartle JA. A feather-precipitation hydrogen isoscape model for New Zealand: implications for eco-forensics. Ecosphere 2012. [DOI: 10.1890/es11-00343.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Rogers KM, Somerton K, Rogers P, Cox J. Eliminating false positive C4 sugar tests on New Zealand Manuka honey. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2010; 24:2370-2374. [PMID: 20635333 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon isotope analyses (delta(13)C) of some New Zealand Manuka honeys show that they often fail the internationally recognised Association of Official Analytical Chemists sugar test (AOAC method 998.12) which detects added C(4) sugar, although these honeys are from unadulterated sources. Failure of these high value products is detrimental to the New Zealand honey industry, not only in lost export revenue, but also in brand and market reputation damage. The standard AOAC test compares the carbon isotope value of the whole honey and corresponding protein isolated from the same honey. Differences between whole honey and protein delta(13)C values should not be greater than +1.0 per thousand, as it indicates the possibility of adulteration with syrups or sugars from C(4) plants such as high fructose corn syrup or cane sugar.We have determined that during the standard AOAC method, pollen and other insoluble components are isolated with the flocculated protein. These non-protein components have isotope values which are considerably different from those of the pure protein, and can shift the apparent delta(13)C value of protein further away from the delta(13)C value of the whole honey, giving a false positive result for added C(4) sugar. To eliminate a false positive C(4) sugar test for Manuka honey, prior removal of pollen and other insoluble material from the honey is necessary to ensure that only the pure protein is isolated. This will enable a true comparison between whole honey and protein delta(13)C isotopes. Furthermore, we strongly suggest this modification to the AOAC method be universally adopted for all honey C(4) sugar tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P.O. Box 31312, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
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Abstract
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values of whole yolk, delipidized yolk, albumen, and egg membrane were analyzed from 18 different brands of chicken eggs laid under caged, barn, free range, and organic farming regimes. In general, free range and organic egg components showed enrichment of (15)N values up to 4‰ relative to caged and barn laid eggs, suggesting a higher animal protein (trophic) contribution to the chicken's diet than pure plant-based foods and/or that the feed was organically manufactured. One sample of free range and two samples of organic eggs had δ(15)N values within the range of caged or barn laid eggs, suggesting either that these eggs were mislabeled (the hens were raised under "battery" or "barn" conditions, and not permitted to forage outside) or that there was insufficient animal protein gained by foraging to shift the δ(15)N values of their primary food source. δ(13)C values of potential food sources are discussed with respect to dietary intake and contribution to the isotopic signature of the eggs to determine mixing of C(3) and C(4) diets, although they did not elucidate laying regimen. The study finds that stable nitrogen isotope analysis of egg components is potentially a useful technique to unravel dietary differences between caged or barn hens and free range hens (both conventional and organic) and could be further developed as an authentication tool in the egg industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
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Rogers KM, Deatheridge M, Breshears MA, Chapman S, Black D, Ritchey JW, Payton M, Eberle R. Type I IFN response to Papiine herpesvirus 2 (Herpesvirus papio 2; HVP2) determines neuropathogenicity in mice. Virology 2009; 386:280-9. [PMID: 19215952 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Isolates of baboon alpha-herpesvirus Papiine herpesvirus 2 (HVP2) exhibit one of two distinct phenotypes in mice: extremely neurovirulent or apathogenic. Previous studies implicated the type I interferon (IFN) response as being a major factor in controlling infection by apathogenic isolates. To further investigate the possibility that the host IFN-beta response underlies the pathogenicity of the two HVP2 subtypes, the susceptibility of mice lacking the IFN-beta receptor (IFNAR(-/-)) to infection was examined. Apathogenic isolates of HVP2 (HVP2ap) replicated in IFNAR(-/-) primary mouse dermal fibroblast (PMDF) cultures as well as neurovirulent (HVP2nv) isolates. IFNAR(-/-) mice were also susceptible to lethal infection by HVP2ap isolates. Unlike Balb/c or parental 129 mice, LD(50) and ID(50) values for HVP2ap were the same in IFNAR(-/-) mice indicating that in these mice infection always progressed to death. HVP2ap replicated in the skin at the site of inoculation and invaded dorsal root ganglia as efficiently as HVP2nv in IFNAR(-/-) mice. Since the virion host shutoff (vhs) protein encoded by the UL41 gene of herpes simplex virus has been implicated in circumventing the host IFN-beta response and the phenotype of UL41 deletion mutants of HSV is very similar to that of HVP2ap isolates, the UL41 gene was deleted from HVP2nv (Delta 41) and replaced with the UL41 ORF from HVP2ap (Delta 41C). Like the parental HVP2nv virus, the Delta 41C recombinant replicated efficiently in Balb/c PMDFs and did not induce a strong IFN-beta response. The neuropathogenicity of the Delta 41C recombinant was also the same as the parental HVP2nv virus in Balb/c mice, indicating that the vhs protein does not underlie the different neuropathogenic phenotype of HVP2ap and HVP2nv. In contrast, the Delta 41 deletion virus induced a strong IFN-beta response but was still able to undergo multiple rounds of replication in PMDF cultures, albeit at a slower pace than the parental HVP2nv. This was reflected in vivo as the Delta 41 mutant had an LD(50) equivalent to that of the parental HVP2nv virus although the time to death was longer. These results indicate that while the vhs protein is involved in preventing and/or suppressing an IFN-beta response, it is not responsible for the ability of HVP2nv to overcome IFN-beta induced resistance of uninfected cells and does not underlie the divergent pathogenicity of the two HVP2 subtypes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Rogers
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Rogers KM. Nitrogen isotopes as a screening tool to determine the growing regimen of some organic and nonorganic supermarket produce from New Zealand. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:4078-4083. [PMID: 18489112 DOI: 10.1021/jf800797w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An isotopic study was performed on nine varieties of organically and conventionally grown vegetables from an organic food market and a chain supermarket in New Zealand. The main aim of the study was to assess the applicability of stable nitrogen isotopes as a screening tool to differentiate between organic and conventional growing conditions of various vegetable types sampled directly off supermarket shelves. This could be further used as the basis of a simple authentication tool to detect noncompliant organic farming practices and false labeling of organic produce. In this study, nitrogen isotopes are found to be an excellent way of identifying faster growing organic vegetables (maturity time to harvest of <80 days), as these vegetables tend to be significantly more enriched in (15)N than conventionally grown vegetables and natural soil N. For slower growing organic produce (maturity time to harvest of >80 days), more information would be required to understand isotopic variations and fractionation effects between vegetables and soil over time as the technique does not discriminate organic from conventional regimens for these vegetables with as much certainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne M Rogers
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
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