1
|
Hamilton K, Phipps DJ, Schmidt P, Bamberg S, Ajzen I. First test of the theory of reasoned goal pursuit: predicting physical activity. Psychol Health 2024; 39:24-41. [PMID: 35156467 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2026946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study applied the theory of reasoned goal pursuit (TRGP) in predicting physical activity among Australian undergraduate students, providing the first empirical test of the model.Methods: The research comprised an elicitation study (N = 25; MAge= 25.76, SDAge= 11.33, 20 female, 5 male) to identify readily accessible procurement and approval goal beliefs and behavioural, normative, and control beliefs; and, a two-wave prospective online survey study (N = 109; MAge = 21.88, SDAge = 7.04, 63 female, 46 male) to test the tenets of the TRGP in relation to meeting World Health Organization physical activity guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic among first year university students.Results: A linear PLS-SEM model displayed good fit-to-data, predicting 38%, 74%, and 48% of the variance in motivation, intention, and physical activity, respectively. The model supported the majority of hypothesised pattern of effects among theory constructs; in particular, the proposition that beliefs corresponding to procurement and approval goals would be more consequential to people's motivation and, thus, their intentions and behaviour, than other behavioural and normative beliefs, respectively.Conclusions: Results lend support for the TRGP and sets the agenda for future research to systematically test the proposed direct, indirect, and moderation effects for different health behaviours, populations, and contexts. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2022.2026946 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, Merced, USA
| | - D J Phipps
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - P Schmidt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Centre for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - S Bamberg
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - I Ajzen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge WA, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight SR, Kamarajah SK, McLean KA, Glasbey JC, Khaw RA, Ahmed W, Akhbari M, Baker D, Borakati A, Mills E, Thavayogan R, Yasin I, Raubenheimer K, Ridley W, Sarrami M, Zhang G, Egoroff N, Pockney P, Richards T, Bhangu A, Creagh-Brown B, Edwards M, Harrison EM, Lee M, Nepogodiev D, Pinkney T, Pearse R, Smart N, Vohra R, Sohrabi C, Jamieson A, Nguyen M, Rahman A, English C, Tincknell L, Kakodkar P, Kwek I, Punjabi N, Burns J, Varghese S, Erotocritou M, McGuckin S, Vayalapra S, Dominguez E, Moneim J, Salehi M, Tan HL, Yoong A, Zhu L, Seale B, Nowinka Z, Patel N, Chrisp B, Harris J, Maleyko I, Muneeb F, Gough M, James CE, Skan O, Chowdhury A, Rebuffa N, Khan H, Down B, Fatimah Hussain Q, Adams M, Bailey A, Cullen G, Fu YXJ, McClement B, Taylor A, Aitken S, Bachelet B, Brousse de Gersigny J, Chang C, Khehra B, Lahoud N, Lee Solano M, Louca M, Rozenbroek P, Rozitis E, Agbinya N, Anderson E, Arwi G, Barry I, Batchelor C, Chong T, Choo LY, Clark L, Daniels M, Goh J, Handa A, Hanna J, Huynh L, Jeon A, Kanbour A, Lee A, Lee J, Lee T, Leigh J, Ly D, McGregor F, Moss J, Nejatian M, O'Loughlin E, Ramos I, Sanchez B, Shrivathsa A, Sincari A, Sobhi S, Swart R, Trimboli J, Wignall P, Bourke E, Chong A, Clayton S, Dawson A, Hardy E, Iqbal R, Le L, Mao S, Marinelli I, Metcalfe H, Panicker D, R HH, Ridgway S, Tan HH, Thong S, Van M, Woon S, Woon-Shoo-Tong XS, Yu S, Ali K, Chee J, Chiu C, Chow YW, Duller A, Nagappan P, Ng S, Selvanathan M, Sheridan C, Temple M, Do JE, Dudi-Venkata NN, Humphries E, Li L, Mansour LT, Massy-Westropp C, Fang B, Farbood K, Hong H, Huang Y, Joan M, Koh C, Liu YHA, Mahajan T, Muller E, Park R, Tanudisastro M, Wu JJG, Chopra P, Giang S, Radcliffe S, Thach P, Wallace D, Wilkes A, Chinta SH, Li J, Phan J, Rahman F, Segaran A, Shannon J, Zhang M, Adams N, Bonte A, Choudhry A, Colterjohn N, Croyle JA, Donohue J, Feighery A, Keane A, McNamara D, Munir K, Roche D, Sabnani R, Seligman D, Sharma S, Stickney Z, Suchy H, Tan R, Yordi S, Ahmed I, Aranha M, El Sabawy D, Garwood P, Harnett M, Holohan R, Howard R, Kayyal Y, Krakoski N, Lupo M, McGilberry W, Nepon H, Scoleri Y, Urbina C, Ahmad Fuad MF, Ahmed O, Jaswantlal D, Kelly E, Khan MHT, Naidu D, Neo WX, O'Neill R, Sugrue M, Abbas JD, Abdul-Fattah S, Azlan A, Barry K, Idris NS, Kaka N, Mc Dermott D, Mohammad Nasir MN, Mozo M, Rehal A, Shaikh Yousef M, Wong RH, Curran E, Gardner M, Hogan A, Julka R, Lasser G, Ní Chorráin N, Ting J, Browne R, George S, Janjua Z, Leung Shing V, Megally M, Murphy S, Ravenscroft L, Vedadi A, Vyas V, Bryan A, Sheikh A, Ubhi J, Vannelli K, Vawda A, Adeusi L, Doherty C, Fitzgerald C, Gallagher H, Gill P, Hamza H, Hogan M, Kelly S, Larry J, Lynch P, Mazeni NA, O'Connell R, O'Loghlin R, Singh K, Abbas Syed R, Ali A, Alkandari B, Arnold A, Arora E, Azam R, Breathnach C, Cheema J, Compton M, Curran S, Elliott JA, Jayasamraj O, Mohammed N, Noone A, Pal A, Pandey S, Quinn P, Sheridan R, Siew L, Tan EP, Tio SW, Toh VTR, Walsh M, Yap C, Yassa J, Young T, Agarwal N, Almoosawy SA, Bowen K, Bruce D, Connachan R, Cook A, Daniell A, Elliott M, Fung HKF, Irving A, Laurie S, Lee YJ, Lim ZX, Maddineni S, McClenaghan RE, Muthuganesan V, Ravichandran P, Roberts N, Shaji S, Solt S, Toshney E, Arnold C, Baker O, Belais F, Bojanic C, Byrne M, Chau CYC, De Soysa S, Eldridge M, Fairey M, Fearnhead N, Guéroult A, Ho JSY, Joshi K, Kadiyala N, Khalid S, Khan F, Kumar K, Lewis E, Magee J, Manetta-Jones D, Mann S, McKeown L, Mitrofan C, Mohamed T, Monnickendam A, Ng AYKC, Ortu A, Patel M, Pope T, Pressling S, Purohit K, Saji S, Shah Foridi J, Shah R, Siddiqui SS, Surman K, Utukuri M, Varghese A, Williams CYK, Yang JJ, Billson E, Cheah E, Holmes P, Hussain S, Murdock D, Nicholls A, Patel P, Ramana G, Saleki M, Spence H, Thomas D, Yu C, Abousamra M, Brown C, Conti I, Donnelly A, Durand M, French N, Goan R, O'Kane E, Rubinchik P, Gardiner H, Kempf B, Lai YL, Matthews H, Minford E, Rafferty C, Reid C, Sheridan N, Al Bahri T, Bhoombla N, Rao BM, Titu L, Chatha S, Field C, Gandhi T, Gulati R, Jha R, Jones Sam MT, Karim S, Patel R, Saunders M, Sharma K, Abid S, Heath E, Kurup D, Patel A, Ali M, Cresswell B, Felstead D, Jennings K, Kaluarachchi T, Lazzereschi L, Mayson H, Miah JE, Reinders B, Rosser A, Thomas C, Williams H, Al-Hamid Z, Alsadoun L, Chlubek M, Fernando P, Gaunt E, Gercek Y, Maniar R, Ma R, Matson M, Moore S, Morris A, Nagappan PG, Ratnayake M, Rockall L, Shallcross O, Sinha A, Tan KE, Virdee S, Wenlock R, Donnelly HA, Ghazal R, Hughes I, Liu X, McFadden M, Misbert E, Mogey P, O'Hara A, Peace C, Rainey C, Raja P, Salem M, Salmon J, Tan CH, Alves D, Bahl S, Baker C, Coulthurst J, Koysombat K, Linn T, Rai P, Sharma A, Shergill A, Ahmed M, Ahmed S, Belk LH, Choudhry H, Cummings D, Dixon Y, Dobinson C, Edwards J, Flint J, Franco Da Silva C, Gallie R, Gardener M, Glover T, Greasley M, Hatab A, Howells R, Hussey T, Khan A, Mann A, Morrison H, Ng A, Osmond R, Padmakumar N, Pervaiz F, Prince R, Qureshi A, Sawhney R, Sigurdson B, Stephenson L, Vora K, Zacken A, Cope P, Di Traglia R, Ferarrio I, Hackett N, Healicon R, Horseman L, Lam LI, Meerdink M, Menham D, Murphy R, Nimmo I, Ramaesh A, Rees J, Soame R, Dilaver N, Adebambo D, Brown E, Burt J, Foster K, Kaliyappan L, Knight P, Politis A, Richardson E, Townsend J, Abdi M, Ball M, Easby S, Gill N, Ho E, Iqbal H, Matthews M, Nubi S, Nwokocha JO, Okafor I, Perry G, Sinartio B, Vanukuru N, Walkley D, Welch T, Yates J, Yeshitila N, Bryans K, Campbell B, Gray C, Keys R, Macartney M, Chamberlain G, Khatri A, Kucheria A, Lee STP, Reese G, Roy choudhury J, Tan WYR, Teh JJ, Ting A, Kazi S, Kontovounisios C, Vutipongsatorn K, Amarnath T, Balasubramanian N, Bassett E, Gurung P, Lim J, Panjikkaran A, Sanalla A, Alkoot M, Bacigalupo V, Eardley N, Horton M, Hurry A, Isti C, Maskell P, Nursiah K, Punn G, Salih H, Epanomeritakis E, Foulkes A, Henderson R, Johnston E, McCullough H, McLarnon M, Morrison E, Cheung A, Cho SH, Eriksson F, Hedges J, Low Z, May C, Musto L, Nagi S, Nur S, Salau E, Shabbir S, Thomas MC, Uthayanan L, Vig S, Zaheer M, Zeng G, Ashcroft-Quinn S, Brown R, Hayes J, McConville R, French R, Gilliam A, Sheetal S, Shehzad MU, Bani W, Christie I, Franklyn J, Khan M, Russell J, Smolarek S, Varadarassou R, Ahmed SK, Narayanaswamy S, Sealy J, Shah M, Dodhia V, Manukyan A, O'Hare R, Orbell J, Chung I, Forenc K, Gupta A, Agarwal A, Al Dabbagh A, Bennewith R, Bottomley J, Chu TSM, Chu YYA, Doherty W, Evans B, Hainsworth P, Hosfield T, Li CH, McCullagh I, Mehta A, Thaker A, Thompson B, Virdi A, Walker H, Wilkins E, Dixon C, Hassan MR, Lotca N, Tong KS, Batchelor-Parry H, Chaudhari S, Harris T, Hooper J, Johnson C, Mulvihill C, Nayler J, Olutobi O, Piramanayagam B, Stones K, Sussman M, Weaver C, Alam F, Al Rawi M, Andrew F, Arrayeh A, Azizan N, Hassan A, Iqbal Z, John I, Jones M, Kalake O, Keast M, Nicholas J, Patil A, Powell K, Roberts P, Sabri A, Segue AK, Shah A, Shaik Mohamed SA, Shehadeh A, Shenoy S, Tong A, Upcott M, Vijayasingam D, Anarfi S, Dauncey J, Devindaran A, Havalda P, Komninos G, Mwendwa E, Norman C, Richards J, Urquhart A, Allan J, Cahya E, Hunt H, McWhirter C, Norton R, Roxburgh C, Tan JY, Ali Butt S, Hansdot S, Haq I, Mootien A, Sanchez I, Vainas T, Deliyannis E, Tan M, Vipond M, Chittoor Satish NN, Dattani A, De Carvalho L, Gaston-Grubb M, Karunanithy L, Lowe B, Pace C, Raju K, Roope J, Taylor C, Youssef H, Munro T, Thorn C, Wong KHF, Yunus A, Chawla S, Datta A, Dinesh AA, Field D, Georgi T, Gwozdz A, Hamstead E, Howard N, Isleyen N, Jackson N, Kingdon J, Sagoo KS, Schizas A, Yin L, Aung E, Aung YY, Franklin S, Han SM, Kim WC, Martin Segura A, Rossi M, Ross T, Tirimanna R, Wang B, Zakieh O, Ben-Arzi H, Flach A, Jackson E, Magers S, Olu abara C, Rogers E, Sugden K, Tan H, Veliah S, Walton U, Asif A, Bharwada Y, Bowley D, Broekhuizen A, Cooper L, Evans N, Girdlestone H, Ling C, Mann H, Mehmood N, Mulvenna CL, Rainer N, Trout I, Gujjuri R, Jeyaraman D, Leong E, Singh D, Smith E, Anderton J, Barabas M, Goyal S, Howard D, Joshi A, Mitchell D, Weatherby T, Badminton R, Bird R, Burtle D, Choi NY, Devalia K, Farr E, Fischer F, Fish J, Gunn F, Jacobs D, Johnston P, Kalakoutas A, Lau E, Loo YNAF, Louden H, Makariou N, Mohammadi K, Nayab Y, Ruhomaun S, Ryliskyte R, Saeed M, Shinde P, Sudul M, Theodoropoulou K, Valadao-Spoorenberg J, Vlachou F, Arshad SR, Janmohamed AM, Noor M, Oyerinde O, Saha A, Syed Y, Watkinson W, Ahmadi H, Akintunde A, Alsaady A, Bradley J, Brothwood D, Burton M, Higgs M, Hoyle C, Katsura C, Lathan R, Louani A, Mandalia R, Prihartadi AS, Qaddoura B, Sandland-Taylor L, Thadani S, Thompson A, Walshaw J, Teo S, Ali S, Bawa JH, Fox S, Gargan K, Haider SA, Hanna N, Hatoum A, Khan Z, Krzak AM, Li T, Pitt J, Tan GJS, Ullah Z, Wilson E, Cleaver J, Colman J, Copeland L, Coulson A, Davis P, Faisal H, Hassan F, Hughes JT, Jabr Y, Mahmoud Ali F, Nahaboo Solim ZN, Sangheli A, Shaya S, Thompson R, Cornwall H, De Andres Crespo M, Fay E, Findlay J, Groves E, Jones O, Killen A, Millo J, Thomas S, Ward J, Wilkins M, Zaki F, Zilber E, Bhavra K, Bilolikar A, Charalambous M, Elawad A, Eleni A, Fawdon R, Gibbins A, Livingstone D, Mala D, Oke SE, Padmakumar D, Patsalides MA, Payne D, Ralphs C, Roney A, Sardar N, Stefanova K, Surti F, Timms R, Tosney G, Bannister J, Clement NS, Cullimore V, Kamal F, Lendor J, McKay J, Mcswiggan J, Minhas N, Seneviratne K, Simeen S, Valverde J, Watson N, Bloom I, Dinh TH, Hirniak J, Joseph R, Kansagra M, Lai CKN, Melamed N, Patel J, Randev J, Sedighi T, Shurovi B, Sodhi J, Vadgama N, Abdulla S, Adabavazeh B, Champion A, Chennupati R, Chu K, Devi S, Haji A, Schulz J, Testa F, Davies P, Gurung B, Howell S, Modi P, Pervaiz A, Zahid M, Abdolrazaghi S, Abi Aoun R, Anjum Z, Bawa G, Bhardwaj R, Brown S, Enver M, Gill D, Gopikrishna D, Gurung D, Kanwal A, Kaushal P, Khanna A, Lovell E, McEvoy C, Mirza M, Nabeel S, Naseem S, Pandya K, Perkins R, Pulakal R, Ray M, Reay C, Reilly S, Round A, Seehra J, Shakeel NM, Singh B, Vijay Sukhnani M, Brown L, Desai B, Elzanati H, Godhaniya J, Kavanagh E, Kent J, Kishor A, Liu A, Norwood M, Shaari N, Wood C, Wood M, Brown A, Chellapuri A, Ferriman A, Ghosh I, Kulkarni N, Noton T, Pinto A, Rajesh S, Varghese B, Wenban C, Aly R, Barciela C, Brookes T, Corrin E, Goldsworthy M, Mohamed Azhar MS, Moore J, Nakhuda S, Ng D, Pillay S, Port S, Abdullah M, Akinyemi J, Islam S, Kale A, Lewis A, Manjunath T, McCabe H, Misra S, Stubley T, Tam JP, Waraich N, Chaora T, Ford C, Osinkolu I, Pong G, Rai J, Risquet R, Ainsworth J, Ayandokun P, Barham E, Barrett G, Barry J, Bisson E, Bridges I, Burke D, Cann J, Cloney M, Coates S, Cripps P, Davies C, Francis N, Green S, Handley G, Hathaway D, Hurt L, Jenkins S, Johnston C, Khadka A, McGee U, Morris D, Murray R, Norbury C, Pierrepont Z, Richards C, Ross O, Ruddy A, Salmon C, Shield M, Soanes K, Spencer N, Taverner S, Williams C, Wills-Wood W, Woodward S, Chow J, Fan J, Guest O, Hunter I, Moon WY, Arthur-Quarm S, Edwards P, Hamlyn V, McEneaney L, N D G, Pranoy S, Ting M, Abada S, Alawattegama LH, Ashok A, Carey C, Gogna A, Haglund C, Hurley P, Leelo N, Liu B, Mannan F, Paramjothy K, Ramlogan K, Raymond-Hayling O, Shanmugarajah A, Solichan D, Wilkinson B, Ahmad NA, Allan D, Amin A, Bakina C, Burns F, Cameron F, Campbell A, Cavanagh S, Chan SMZ, Chapman S, Chong V, Edelsten E, Ekpete O, El Sheikh M, Ghose R, Hassane A, Henderson C, Hilton-Christie S, Husain M, Hussain H, Javid Z, Johnson-Ogbuneke J, Johnston A, Khalil M, Leung TCC, Makin I, Muralidharan V, Naeem M, Patil P, Ravichandran S, Saraeva D, Shankey-Smith W, Sharma N, Swan R, Waudby-West R, Wilkinson A, Wright K, Balasubramanian A, Bhatti S, Chalkley M, Chou WK, Dixon M, Evans L, Fisher K, Gandhi P, Ho S, Lau YB, Lowe S, Meechan C, Murali N, Musonda C, Njoku P, Ochieng L, Pervez MU, Seebah K, Shaikh I, Sikder MA, Vanker R, Alom J, Bajaj V, Coleman O, Finch G, Goss J, Jenkins C, Kontothanassis A, Liew MS, Ng K, Outram M, Shakeel MM, Tawn J, Zuhairy S, Chapple K, Cinnamond A, Coleman S, George HA, Goulder L, Hare N, Hawksley J, Kret A, Luesley A, Mecia L, Porter H, Puddy E, Richardson G, Sohail B, Srikaran V, Tadross D, Tobin J, Tokidis E, Young L, Ashdown T, Bratsos S, Koomson A, Kufuor A, Lim MQ, Shah S, Thorne EPC, Warusavitarne J, Xu S, Abigail S, Ahmed A, Ahmed J, Akmal A, Al-Khafaji M, Amini B, Arshad M, Bogie E, Brazkiewicz M, Carroll M, Chandegra A, Cirelli C, Deng A, Fairclough S, Fung YJ, Gornell C, Green RL, Green SV, Gulamhussein AHM, Isaac AG, Jan R, Jegatheeswaran L, Knee M, Kotecha J, Kotecha S, Maxwell-Armstrong C, McIntyre C, Mendis N, Naing TKP, Oberman J, Ong ZX, Ramalingam A, Saeed Adam A, Tan LL, Towell S, Yadav J, Anandampillai R, Chung S, Hounat A, Ibrahim B, Jeyakumar G, Khalil A, Khan UA, Nair G, Owusu-Ayim M, Wilson M, Kanani A, Kilkelly B, Ogunmwonyi I, Ong L, Samra B, Schomerus L, Shea J, Turner O, Yang Y, Amin M, Blott N, Clark A, Feather A, Forrest M, Hague S, Hamilton K, Higginbotham G, Hope E, Karimian S, Loveday K, Malik H, McKenna O, Noor A, Onsiong C, Patel B, Radcliffe N, Shah P, Tye L, Verma K, Walford R, Yusufi U, Zachariah M, Casey A, Doré C, Fludder V, Fortescue L, Kalapu SS, Karel E, Khera G, Smith C, Appleton B, Ashaye A, Boggon E, Evans A, Faris Mahmood H, Hinchcliffe Z, Marei O, Silva I, Spooner C, Thomas G, Timlin M, Wellington J, Yao SL, Abdelrazek M, Abdelrazik Y, Bee F, Joseph A, Mounce A, Parry G, Vignarajah N, Biddles D, Creissen A, Kolhe S, K T, Lea A, Ledda V, O'Loughlin P, Scanlon J, Shetty N, Weller C, Abdalla M, Adeoye A, Bhatti M, Chadda KR, Chu J, Elhakim H, Foster-Davies H, Rabie M, Tailor B, Webb S, Abdelrahim ASA, Choo SY, Jiwa A, Mangam S, Murray S, Shandramohan A, Aghanenu O, Budd W, Hayre J, Khanom S, Liew ZY, McKinney R, Moody N, Muhammad-Kamal H, Odogwu J, Patel D, Roy C, Sattar Z, Shahrokhi N, Sinha I, Thomson E, Wonga L, Bain J, Khan J, Ricardo D, Bevis R, Cherry C, Darkwa S, Drew W, Griffiths E, Konda N, Madani D, Mak JKC, Meda B, Odunukwe U, Preest G, Raheel F, Rajaseharan A, Ramgopal A, Risbrooke C, Selvaratnam K, Sethunath G, Tabassum R, Taylor J, Thakker A, Wijesingha N, Wybrew R, Yasin T, Ahmed Osman A, Alfadhel S, Carberry E, Chen JY, Drake I, Glen P, Jayasuriya N, Kawar L, Myatt R, Sinan LOH, Siu SSY, Tjen V, Adeboyejo O, Bacon H, Barnes R, Birnie C, D'Cunha Kamath A, Hughes E, Middleton S, Owen R, Schofield E, Short C, Smith R, Wang H, Willett M, Zimmerman M, Balfour J, Chadwick T, Coombe-Jones M, Do Le HP, Faulkner G, Hobson K, Shehata Z, Beattie M, Chmielewski G, Chong C, Donnelly B, Drusch B, Ellis J, Farrelly C, Feyi-Waboso J, Hibell I, Hoade L, Ho C, Jones H, Kodiatt B, Lidder P, Ni Cheallaigh L, Norman R, Patabendi I, Penfold H, Playfair M, Pomeroy S, Ralph C, Rottenburg H, Sebastian J, Sheehan M, Stanley V, Welchman J, Ajdarpasic D, Antypas A, Azouaghe O, Basi S, Bettoli G, Bhattarai S, Bommireddy L, Bourne K, Budding J, Cookey-Bresi R, Cummins T, Davies G, Fabelurin C, Gwilliam R, Hanley J, Hird A, Kruczynska A, Langhorne B, Lund J, Lutchman I, McGuinness R, Neary M, Pampapathi S, Pang E, Podbicanin S, Rai N, Redhouse White G, Sujith J, Thomas P, Walker I, Winterton R, Anderson P, Barrington M, Bhadra K, Clark G, Fowler G, Gibson C, Hudson S, Kaminskaite V, Lawday S, Longshaw A, MacKrill E, McLachlan F, Murdeshwar A, Nieuwoudt R, Parker P, Randall R, Rawlins E, Reeves SA, Rye D, Sirkis T, Sykes B, Ventress N, Wosinska N, Akram B, Burton L, Coombs A, Long R, Magowan D, Ong C, Sethi M, Williams G, Chan C, Chan LH, Fernando D, Gaba F, Khor Z, Les JW, Mak R, Moin S, Ng Kee Kwong KC, Paterson-Brown S, Tew YY, Bardon A, Burrell K, Coldwell C, Costa I, Dexter E, Hardy A, Khojani M, Mazurek J, Raymond T, Reddy V, Reynolds J, Soma A, Agiotakis S, Alsusa H, Desai N, Peristerakis I, Adcock A, Ayub H, Bennett T, Bibi F, Brenac S, Chapman T, Clarke G, Clark F, Galvin C, Gwyn-Jones A, Henry-Blake C, Kerner S, Kiandee M, Lovett A, Pilecka A, Ravindran R, Siddique H, Sikand T, Treadwell K, Akmal K, Apata A, Barton O, Broad G, Darling H, Dhuga Y, Emms L, Habib S, Jain R, Jeater J, Kan CYP, Kathiravelupillai A, Khatkar H, Kirmani S, Kulasabanathan K, Lacey H, Lal K, Manafa C, Mansoor M, McDonald S, Mittal A, Mustoe S, Nottrodt L, Oliver P, Papapetrou I, Pattinson F, Raja M, Reyhani H, Shahmiri A, Small O, Soni U, Aguirrezabala Armbruster B, Bunni J, Hakim MA, Hawkins-Hooker L, Howell KA, Hullait R, Jaskowska A, Ottewell L, Thomas-Jones I, Vasudev A, Clements B, Fenton J, Gill M, Haider S, Lim AJM, Maguire H, McMullan J, Nicoletti J, Samuel S, Unais MA, White N, Yao PC, Yow L, Boyle C, Brady R, Cheekoty P, Cheong J, Chew SJHL, Chow R, Ganewatta Kankanamge D, Mamer L, Mohammed B, Ng Chieng Hin J, Renji Chungath R, Royston A, Sharrad E, Sinclair R, Tingle S, Treherne K, Wyatt F, Maniarasu VS, Moug S, Appanna T, Bucknall T, Hussain F, Owen A, Parry M, Parry R, Sagua N, Spofforth K, Yuen ECT, Bosley N, Hardie W, Moore T, Regas C, Abdel-Khaleq S, Ali N, Bashiti H, Buxton-Hopley R, Constantinides M, D'Afflitto M, Deshpande A, Duque Golding J, Frisira E, Germani Batacchi M, Gomaa A, Hay D, Hutchison R, Iakovou A, Iakovou D, Ismail E, Jefferson S, Jones L, Khouli Y, Knowles C, Mason J, McCaughan R, Moffatt J, Morawala A, Nadir H, Neyroud F, Nikookam Y, Parmar A, Pinto L, Ramamoorthy R, Richards E, Thomson S, Trainer C, Valetopoulou A, Vassiliou A, Wantman A, Wilde S, Dickinson M, Rockall T, Senn D, Wcislo K, Zalmay P, Adelekan K, Allen K, Bajaj M, Gatumbu P, Hang S, Hashmi Y, Kaur T, Kawesha A, Kisiel A, Woodmass M, Adelowo T, Ahari D, Alhwaishel K, Atherton R, Clayton B, Cockroft A, Curtis Lopez C, Hilton M, Ismail N, Kouadria M, Lee L, MacConnachie A, Monks F, Mungroo S, Nikoletopoulou C, Pearce L, Sara X, Shahid A, Suresh G, Wilcha R, Atiyah A, Davies E, Dermanis A, Gibbons H, Hyde A, Lawson A, Lee C, Leung-Tack M, Li Saw Hee J, Mostafa O, Nair D, Pattani N, Plumbley-Jones J, Pufal K, Ramesh P, Sanghera J, Saram S, Scadding S, See S, Stringer H, Torrance A, Vardon H, Wyn-Griffiths F, Brew A, Kaur G, Soni D, Tickle A, Akbar Z, Appleyard T, Figg K, Jayawardena P, Johnson A, Kamran Siddiqui Z, Lacy-Colson J, Oatham R, Rowlands B, Sludden E, Turnbull C, Allin D, Ansar Z, Azeez Z, Dale VH, Garg J, Horner A, Jones S, Knight S, McGregor C, McKenna J, McLelland T, Packham-Smith A, Rowsell K, Spector-Hill I, Adeniken E, Baker J, Bartlett M, Chikomba L, Connell B, Deekonda P, Dhar M, Elmansouri A, Gamage K, Goodhew R, Hanna P, Knight J, Luca A, Maasoumi N, Mahamoud F, Manji S, Marwaha PK, Mason F, Oluboyede A, Pigott L, Razaq AM, Richardson M, Saddaoui I, Wijeyendram P, Yau S, Atkins W, Liang K, Miles N, Praveen B, Ashai S, Braganza J, Common J, Cundy A, Davies R, Guthrie J, Handa I, Iqbal M, Ismail R, Jones C, Jones I, Lee KS, Levene A, Okocha M, Olivier J, Smith A, Subramaniam E, Tandle S, Wang A, Watson A, Wilson C, Chan XHF, Khoo E, Montgomery C, Norris M, Pugalenthi PP, Common T, Cook E, Mistry H, Shinmar HS, Agarwal G, Bandyopadhyay S, Brazier B, Carroll L, Goede A, Harbourne A, Lakhani A, Lami M, Larwood J, Martin J, Merchant J, Pattenden S, Pradhan A, Raafat N, Rothwell E, Shammoon Y, Sudarshan R, Vickers E, Wingfield L, Ashworth I, Azizi S, Bhate R, Chowdhury T, Christou A, Davies L, Dwaraknath M, Farah Y, Garner J, Gureviciute E, Hart E, Jain A, Javid S, Kankam HK, Kaur Toor P, Kaz R, Kermali M, Khan I, Mattson A, McManus A, Murphy M, Nair K, Ngemoh D, Norton E, Olabiran A, Parry L, Payne T, Pillai K, Price S, Punjabi K, Raghunathan A, Ramwell A, Raza M, Ritehnia J, Simpson G, Smith W, Sodeinde S, Studd L, Subramaniam M, Thomas J, Towey S, Tsang E, Tuteja D, Vasani J, Vio M, Badran A, Adams J, Anthony Wilkinson J, Asvandi S, Austin T, Bald A, Bix E, Carrick M, Chander B, Chowdhury S, Cooper Drake B, Crosbie S, D Portela S, Francis D, Gallagher C, Gillespie R, Gravett H, Gupta P, Ilyas C, James G, Johny J, Jones A, Kinder F, MacLeod C, Macrow C, Maqsood-Shah A, Mather J, McCann L, McMahon R, Mitham E, Mohamed M, Munton E, Nightingale K, O'Neill K, Onyemuchara I, Senior R, Shanahan A, Sherlock J, Spyridoulias A, Stavrou C, Stokes D, Tamang R, Taylor E, Trafford C, Uden C, Waddington C, Yassin D, Zaman M, Bangi S, Cheng T, Chew D, Hussain N, Imani-Masouleh S, Mahasivam G, McKnight G, Ng HL, Ota HC, Pasha T, Ravindran W, Shah K, Vishnu K S, Zaman S, Carr W, Cope S, Eagles EJ, Howarth-Maddison M, Li CY, Reed J, Ridge A, Stubbs T, Teasdaled D, Umar R, Worthington J, Dhebri A, Kalenderov R, Alattas A, Arain Z, Bhudia R, Chia D, Daniel S, Dar T, Garland H, Girish M, Hampson A, Kyriacou H, Lehovsky K, Mullins W, Omorphos N, Vasdev N, Venkatesh A, Waldock W, Bhandari A, Brown G, Choa G, Eichenauer CE, Ezennia K, Kidwai Z, Lloyd-Thomas A, Macaskill Stewart A, Massardi C, Sinclair E, Skajaa N, Smith M, Tan I, Afsheen N, Anuar A, Azam Z, Bhatia P, Davies-kelly N, Dickinson S, Elkawafi M, Ganapathy M, Gupta S, Khoury EG, Licudi D, Mehta V, Neequaye S, Nita G, Tay VL, Zhao S, Botsa E, Cuthbert H, Elliott J, Furlepa M, Lehmann J, Mangtani A, Narayan A, Nazarian S, Parmar C, Shah D, Shaw C, Zhao Z, Beck C, Caldwell S, Clements JM, French B, Kenny R, Kirk S, Lindsay J, McClung A, McLaughlin N, Watson S, Whiteside E, Alyacoubi S, Arumugam V, Beg R, Dawas K, Garg S, Lloyd ER, Mahfouz Y, Manobharath N, Moonesinghe R, Morka N, Patel K, Prashar J, Yip S, Adeeko ES, Ajekigbe F, Bhat A, Evans C, Farrugia A, Gurung C, Long T, Malik B, Manirajan S, Newport D, Rayer J, Ridha A, Ross E, Saran T, Sinker A, Waruingi D, Allen R, Al Sadek Y, Alves do Canto Brum H, Asharaf H, Ashman M, Balakumar V, Barrington J, Baskaran R, Berry A, Bhachoo H, Bilal A, Boaden L, Chia WL, Covell G, Crook D, Dadnam F, Davis L, De Berker H, Doyle C, Fox C, Gruffydd-Davies M, Hafouda Y, Hill A, Hubbard E, Hunter A, Inpadhas V, Jamshaid M, Jandu G, Jeyanthi M, Jones T, Kantor C, Kwak SY, Malik N, Matt R, McNulty P, Miles C, Mohomed A, Myat P, Niharika J, Nixon A, O'Reilly D, Parmar K, Pengelly S, Price L, Ramsden M, Turnor R, Wales E, Waring H, Wu M, Yang T, Ye TTS, Zander A, Zeicu C, Bellam S, Francombe J, Kawamoto N, Rahman MR, Sathyanarayana A, Tang HT, Cheung J, Hollingshead J, Page V, Sugarman J, Wong E, Chiong J, Fung E, Kan SY, Kiang J, Kok J, Krahelski O, Liew MY, Lyell B, Sharif Z, Speake D, Alim L, Amakye NY, Chandrasekaran J, Chandratreya N, Drake J, Owoso T, Thu YM, Abou El Ela Bourquin B, Alberts J, Chapman D, Rehnnuma N, Ainsworth K, Carpenter H, Emmanuel T, Fisher T, Gabrel M, Guan Z, Hollows S, Hotouras A, Ip Fung Chun N, Jaffer S, Kallikas G, Kennedy N, Lewinsohn B, Liu FY, Mohammed S, Rutherfurd A, Situ T, Stammer A, Taylor F, Thin N, Urgesi E, Zhang N, Ahmad MA, Bishop A, Bowes A, Dixit A, Glasson R, Hatta S, Hatt K, Larcombe S, Preece J, Riordan E, Fegredo D, Haq MZ, Li C, McCann G, Stewart D, Baraza W, Bhullar D, Burt G, Coyle J, Deans J, Devine A, Hird R, Ikotun O, Manchip G, Ross C, Storey L, Tan WWL, Tse C, Warner C, Whitehead M, Wu F, Court EL, Crisp E, Huttman M, Mayes F, Robertson H, Rosen H, Sandberg C, Smith H, Al Bakry M, Ashwell W, Bajaj S, Bandyopadhyay D, Browlee O, Burway S, Chand CP, Elsayeh K, Elsharkawi A, Evans E, Ferrin S, Fort-Schaale A, Iacob M, I K, Impelliziere Licastro G, Mankoo AS, Olaniyan T, Otun J, Pereira R, Reddy R, Saeed D, Simmonds O, Singhal G, Tron K, Wickstone C, Williams R, Bradshaw E, De Kock Jewell V, Houlden C, Knight C, Metezai H, Mirza-Davies A, Seymour Z, Spink D, Wischhusen S. Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4:e520-e531. [PMID: 35750401 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). FINDINGS In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683-0·717]). INTERPRETATION In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. FUNDING British Journal of Surgery Society.
Collapse
|
3
|
Georges F, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Ko HS, Israel N, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde CE, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li WB, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Mazouz M, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section at High Bjorken x_{B}. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:252002. [PMID: 35802440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.252002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23901, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W B Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Mazouz
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Tunxi, Daizhen Road 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Linschoten M, Uijl A, Schut A, Jakob CEM, Romão LR, Bell RM, McFarlane E, Stecher M, Zondag AGM, van Iperen EPA, Hermans-van Ast W, Lea NC, Schaap J, Jewbali LS, Smits PC, Patel RS, Aujayeb A, van der Harst P, Siebelink HJ, van Smeden M, Williams S, Pilgram L, van Gilst WH, Tieleman RG, Williams B, Asselbergs FW, Al-Ali AK, Al-Muhanna FA, Al-Rubaish AM, Al-Windy NYY, Alkhalil M, Almubarak YA, Alnafie AN, Alshahrani M, Alshehri AM, Anning C, Anthonio RL, Badings EA, Ball C, van Beek EA, ten Berg JM, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Bianco M, Blagova OV, Bleijendaal H, Bor WL, Borgmann S, van Boxem AJM, van den Brink FS, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, van Bussel BCT, Byrom-Goulthorp R, Captur G, Caputo M, Charlotte N, vom Dahl J, Dark P, De Sutter J, Degenhardt C, Delsing CE, Dolff S, Dorman HGR, Drost JT, Eberwein L, Emans ME, Er AG, Ferreira JB, Forner MJ, Friedrichs A, Gabriel L, Groenemeijer BE, Groenendijk AL, Grüner B, Guggemos W, Haerkens-Arends HE, Hanses F, Hedayat B, Heigener D, van der Heijden DJ, Hellou E, Hellwig K, Henkens MTHM, Hermanides RS, Hermans WRM, van Hessen MWJ, Heymans SRB, Hilt AD, van der Horst ICC, Hower M, van Ierssel SH, Isberner N, Jensen B, Kearney MT, van Kesteren HAM, Kielstein JT, Kietselaer BLJH, Kochanek M, Kolk MZH, Koning AMH, Kopylov PY, Kuijper AFM, Kwakkel-van Erp JM, Lanznaster J, van der Linden MMJM, van der Lingen ACJ, Linssen GCM, Lomas D, Maarse M, Macías Ruiz R, Magdelijns FJH, Magro M, Markart P, Martens FMAC, Mazzilli SG, McCann GP, van der Meer P, Meijs MFL, Merle U, Messiaen P, Milovanovic M, Monraats PS, Montagna L, Moriarty A, Moss AJ, Mosterd A, Nadalin S, Nattermann J, Neufang M, Nierop PR, Offerhaus JA, van Ofwegen-Hanekamp CEE, Parker E, Persoon AM, Piepel C, Pinto YM, Poorhosseini H, Prasad S, Raafs AG, Raichle C, Rauschning D, Redón J, Reidinga AC, Ribeiro MIA, Riedel C, Rieg S, Ripley DP, Römmele C, Rothfuss K, Rüddel J, Rüthrich MM, Salah R, Saneei E, Saxena M, Schellings DAAM, Scholte NTB, Schubert J, Seelig J, Shafiee A, Shore AC, Spinner C, Stieglitz S, Strauss R, Sturkenboom NH, Tessitore E, Thomson RJ, Timmermans P, Tio RA, Tjong FVY, Tometten L, Trauth J, den Uil CA, Van Craenenbroeck EM, van Veen HPAA, Vehreschild MJGT, Veldhuis LI, Veneman T, Verschure DO, Voigt I, de Vries JK, van de Wal RMA, Walter L, van de Watering DJ, Westendorp ICD, Westendorp PHM, Westhoff T, Weytjens C, Wierda E, Wille K, de With K, Worm M, Woudstra P, Wu KW, Zaal R, Zaman AG, van der Zee PM, Zijlstra LE, Alling TE, Ahmed R, van Aken K, Bayraktar-Verver ECE, Bermúdez Jiménes FJ, Biolé CA, den Boer-Penning P, Bontje M, Bos M, Bosch L, Broekman M, Broeyer FJF, de Bruijn EAW, Bruinsma S, Cardoso NM, Cosyns B, van Dalen DH, Dekimpe E, Domange J, van Doorn JL, van Doorn P, Dormal F, Drost IMJ, Dunnink A, van Eck JWM, Elshinawy K, Gevers RMM, Gognieva DG, van der Graaf M, Grangeon S, Guclu A, Habib A, Haenen NA, Hamilton K, Handgraaf S, Heidbuchel H, Hendriks-van Woerden M, Hessels-Linnemeijer BM, Hosseini K, Huisman J, Jacobs TC, Jansen SE, Janssen A, Jourdan K, ten Kate GL, van Kempen MJ, Kievit CM, Kleikers P, Knufman N, van der Kooi SE, Koole BAS, Koole MAC, Kui KK, Kuipers-Elferink L, Lemoine I, Lensink E, van Marrewijk V, van Meerbeeck JP, Meijer EJ, Melein AJ, Mesitskaya DF, van Nes CPM, Paris FMA, Perrelli MG, Pieterse-Rots A, Pisters R, Pölkerman BC, van Poppel A, Reinders S, Reitsma MJ, Ruiter AH, Selder JL, van der Sluis A, Sousa AIC, Tajdini M, Tercedor Sánchez L, Van De Heyning CM, Vial H, Vlieghe E, Vonkeman HE, Vreugdenhil P, de Vries TAC, Willems AM, Wils AM, Zoet-Nugteren SK. Clinical presentation, disease course, and outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with and without pre-existing cardiac disease: a cohort study across 18 countries. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:1104-1120. [PMID: 34734634 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with cardiac disease are considered high risk for poor outcomes following hospitalization with COVID-19. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate heterogeneity in associations between various heart disease subtypes and in-hospital mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from the CAPACITY-COVID registry and LEOSS study. Multivariable Poisson regression models were fitted to assess the association between different types of pre-existing heart disease and in-hospital mortality. A total of 16 511 patients with COVID-19 were included (21.1% aged 66-75 years; 40.2% female) and 31.5% had a history of heart disease. Patients with heart disease were older, predominantly male, and often had other comorbid conditions when compared with those without. Mortality was higher in patients with cardiac disease (29.7%; n = 1545 vs. 15.9%; n = 1797). However, following multivariable adjustment, this difference was not significant [adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.15; P = 0.12 (corrected for multiple testing)]. Associations with in-hospital mortality by heart disease subtypes differed considerably, with the strongest association for heart failure (aRR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10-1.30; P < 0.018) particularly for severe (New York Heart Association class III/IV) heart failure (aRR 1.41, 95% CI 1.20-1.64; P < 0.018). None of the other heart disease subtypes, including ischaemic heart disease, remained significant after multivariable adjustment. Serious cardiac complications were diagnosed in <1% of patients. CONCLUSION Considerable heterogeneity exists in the strength of association between heart disease subtypes and in-hospital mortality. Of all patients with heart disease, those with heart failure are at greatest risk of death when hospitalized with COVID-19. Serious cardiac complications are rare during hospitalization.
Collapse
|
5
|
Christy ME, Gautam T, Ou L, Schmookler B, Wang Y, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Ali SF, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison SL, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Arrington J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Camacho CM, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellanos J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Dlamini M, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Georges F, Gilad S, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gramolin AV, Gray VM, Gu C, Habarakada A, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Israel N, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Karki B, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li W, Liu H, Liu J, Liyanage AH, Mack D, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, Mayilyan S, McClellan E, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesick K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Moffit B, Montgomery R, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obrecht RF, Ohanyan K, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park K, Park S, Peng C, Persio FD, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Rashad MNH, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Širca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Stefanko A, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Tan Y, Thorne L, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Uniyal R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye ZH, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao YX, Zhu P. Form Factors and Two-Photon Exchange in High-Energy Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:102002. [PMID: 35333083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q^{2}) up to 15.75 (GeV/c)^{2}. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form factor at high Q^{2} and double the range over which a longitudinal or transverse separation of the cross section can be performed. The difference between our results and polarization data agrees with that observed at lower Q^{2} and attributed to hard two-photon exchange (TPE) effects, extending to 8 (GeV/c)^{2} the range of Q^{2} for which a discrepancy is established at >95% confidence. We use the discrepancy to quantify the size of TPE contributions needed to explain the cross section at high Q^{2}.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Wang
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A & M University, Kingsville, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia 20064, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
- Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S L Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Arrington
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | | | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Department of Physics and Astronomy, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Bhetuwal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellanos
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Deconinck
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Georges
- Ecole Centrale Paris, 3 Rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Gilad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A V Gramolin
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - V M Gray
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A Habarakada
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A V Hernandez
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Randolph Macon College, Ashland, Virginia 23005, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A H Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - D Mack
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Magee
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Mayilyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesick
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - B Moffit
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - R F Obrecht
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K Ohanyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - F D Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - P E Reimer
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Riordan
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Širca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tan
- Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250100, China
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Department of Physics and Astronomy, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - R Uniyal
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, 44 Daizhen Road, Tunxi District, Huangshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z H Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
- Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - Y X Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chu B, Patel V, Bryer J, Hamilton K, Fadugba O, Micheletti R. P171 IMPLEMENTATION OF A PENICILLIN SKIN TESTING SERVICE IN INPATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Georges F, Ko HS, Israel N, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li W, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deep Exclusive Electroproduction of π^{0} at High Q^{2} in the Quark Valence Regime. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:152301. [PMID: 34678020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of x_{B} (0.36, 0.48, and 0.60) and Q^{2} (3.1 to 8.4 GeV^{2}) obtained from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-06-014. The corresponding structure functions dσ_{T}/dt+εdσ_{L}/dt, dσ_{TT}/dt, dσ_{LT}/dt, and dσ_{LT^{'}}/dt are extracted as a function of the proton momentum transfer t-t_{min}. The results suggest the amplitude for transversely polarized virtual photons continues to dominate the cross section throughout this kinematic range. The data are well described by calculations based on transversity generalized parton distributions coupled to a helicity flip distribution amplitude of the pion, thus providing a unique way to probe the structure of the nucleon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Ag. and Tech. State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipt. Di Fisica delle Uni. di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 699780 1, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Ag. and Tech. State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 699780 1, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Randolph Macon College, Ashlan, Virginia 23005, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipt. Di Fisica delle Uni. di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Huangshan, Anhui, 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hamilton K, Stanton‐Fay SH, Chadwick PM, Lorencatto F, de Zoysa N, Gianfrancesco C, Taylor C, Coates E, Breckenridge JP, Cooke D, Heller SR, Michie S. Sustained type 1 diabetes self-management: Specifying the behaviours involved and their influences. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14430. [PMID: 33073393 PMCID: PMC8247296 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sustained engagement in type 1 diabetes self-management behaviours is a critical element in achieving improvements in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and minimising risk of complications. Evaluations of self-management programmes, such as Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE), typically find that initial improvements are rarely sustained beyond 12 months. This study identified behaviours involved in sustained type 1 diabetes self-management, their influences and relationships to each other. METHODS A mixed-methods study was conducted following the first two steps of the Behaviour Change Wheel framework. First, an expert stakeholder consultation identified behaviours involved in self-management of type 1 diabetes. Second, three evidence sources (systematic review, healthcare provider-generated 'red flags' and participant-generated 'frequently asked questions') were analysed to identify and synthesise modifiable barriers and enablers to sustained self-management. These were characterised according to the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model. RESULTS 150 distinct behaviours were identified and organised into three self-regulatory behavioural cycles, reflecting different temporal and situational aspects of diabetes self-management: Routine (e.g. checking blood glucose), Reactive (e.g. treating hypoglycaemia) and Reflective (e.g. reviewing blood glucose data to identify patterns). Thirty-four barriers and five enablers were identified: 10 relating to Capability, 20 to Opportunity and nine to Motivation. CONCLUSIONS Multiple behaviours within three self-management cycles are involved in sustained type 1 diabetes self-management. There are a wide range of barriers and enablers that should be addressed to support self-management behaviours and improve clinical outcomes. The present study provides an evidence base for refining and developing type 1 diabetes self-management programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Hamilton
- Centre for Behaviour ChangeUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - P. M. Chadwick
- Centre for Behaviour ChangeUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - F. Lorencatto
- Centre for Behaviour ChangeUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - N. de Zoysa
- Diabetes CentreKing’s College HospitalLondonUK
| | - C. Gianfrancesco
- Sheffield Diabetes and Endocrine CentreSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHSF TrustSheffieldUK
| | - C. Taylor
- Sheffield Diabetes and Endocrine CentreSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHSF TrustSheffieldUK
| | - E. Coates
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - D. Cooke
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuilfordUK
| | - S. R. Heller
- Department of Oncology and MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - S. Michie
- Centre for Behaviour ChangeUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
McDougle J, Sabirovic M, Pietropaoli S, Hamilton K. The gulf between emergency plans and the resources needed: a global review. REV SCI TECH OIE 2020; 39:373-384. [PMID: 33046938 DOI: 10.20506/rst.39.2.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Preparedness for an animal emergency event reduces a country's economic and production losses and decreases animal disease threats to neighbouring countries. Investing in animal disease preparedness reduces economic expenditures during an emergency as well as in recovery. An essential component of animal disease preparedness is a national contingency plan that is fit for purpose. This useful document should be frequently updated and can be modified with new information from self-assessments and after-action reports, which should identify resource needs and improvements to be made. National contingency plans are recommended in global international guidance and by animal health and veterinary organisations. Despite this, some countries lack national contingency plans that are fit for purpose, or the resources to implement them. This review concentrates on trends in national contingency planning around the world. In 2018 and 2019, the authors surveyed existing global animal disease contingency plans. Of the 181 Members of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), 163 were reported to have some form of national contingency plan. (Over the course of the review from 2018 to 2019, the 182nd Member joined the OIE. This review examines only the 181 that were Members when the survey began.) The authors review current global animal emergency preparedness and discuss the gaps that have been identified. They discuss global trends, examining developing concepts and novel approaches that may aid improvements in global national contingency planning and enhance the global capacity to prepare for animal disease where gaps exist.
Collapse
|
10
|
Adamson D, Gilbert W, Hamilton K, Donachie D, Rushton J. Preparing for animal health emergencies: considerations for economic evaluation. REV SCI TECH OIE 2020; 39:625-635. [PMID: 33046914 DOI: 10.20506/rst.39.2.3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Livestock production systems and the societies in which they are embedded face a set of risks presented by infectious diseases and natural and human-made disasters which compromise animal health. Within this set, threats are posed by natural, deliberate and accidental actions that can cause sudden changes in animal health status, requiring the allocation of additional resources to manage animal health. Determining the benefit of preparing for such emergencies is a challenge when the total set of risks includes the unknown. Any method for analysing the economic costs and benefits of animal health emergencies must not only accommodate this uncertainty, but make it a central feature of the analysis. Cost-benefit analysis is a key approach to economically evaluating animal health interventions. However, the value of this approach in dealing with uncertainty is often called into question. This paper makes the case that, by restricting the outcomes of an emergency event to specified states of nature, boundaries can be placed on the uncertainty space, allowing cost-benefit analysis to be performed. This method, which merges state-contingent analysis with cost-benefit analysis, is presented here. Further discussion on the economic characteristics of emergency events, and the nature of the threats posed to animal health systems, is also provided.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing workplace physical activity has important implications for workers' health and well-being. However, few interventions targeting physical activity in the workplace are grounded in behavioural theory. AIMS The aim of this study was to develop and pilot a 6-week habit-based intervention designed to promote the development of workplace physical activity habits and increase average weekly step counts. Changes in the strength of workplace physical activity habit and weekly step counts were assessed at 1 and 6 weeks following the intervention. METHODS The study was a prospective three-wave within-subjects single-arm intervention study that ran for 12 weeks (baseline, 7 weeks, 12 weeks). During the 6-week intervention, participants received information regarding 10 top tips (10TT) to increase and promote habit formation and wore a pedometer during work hours. Differences in workplace physical activity habit and weekly step counts were compared across baseline (T1), 1 (T2) and 6 weeks (T3) post-intervention using repeated measures analyses of variance. RESULTS Data from 20 sedentary office workers at a large Australian University were included. The average strength of workplace physical activity habits significantly increased from baseline (M = 3.90) to 1 week post-intervention (M = 4.45), and these effects were maintained 6 weeks later (M = 4.72). No significant increase in step counts were observed across any of the time points (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this pilot study reveal that workplace physical activity habits can be strengthened via a habit-based intervention. Further research is needed to replicate these findings in larger cohorts of office workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Laboratory of Self-Regulation and Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - E Fraser
- School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - T Hannan
- School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hamilton K, Tolfree R, Mytton J. A systematic review of active case-finding strategies for tuberculosis in homeless populations. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2019; 22:1135-1144. [PMID: 30236180 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Tuberculosis (TB) is prevalent in the homeless population, and can create health inequalities and challenges for eradication. Evidence-based approaches to active case finding (ACF) are needed. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of ACF for TB control, and identify strategies to improve uptake of screening and the diagnostic pathway in homeless populations in low- and medium-burden settings. Secondary objectives were to assess the yield of screening and participant characteristics. DESIGN A systematic search of electronic databases and grey literature sources identified ACF studies that reported population measures (prevalence or incidence) of TB control, and/or uptake and/or yield of screening for latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) or active TB affecting any site. Studies were described using narrative synthesis. RESULTS Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were heterogeneous across multiple elements, including programme design, which likely contributed to variability in outcomes. ACF was associated with reductions in TB rates in three time-trend analyses. The strongest evidence for improving uptake of screening was for incentives, with mixed evidence for peer educators. At the observational level, professional support and mandatory screening may also improve uptake, and additional community support enhanced completion of the diagnostic pathway. Those most likely to be diagnosed with TB appeared less likely to accept screening. Yield of screening was 1.5-57% (41 684 participants) for LTBI, and 0-3.1% (91 771 participants) for active TB. CONCLUSION Observational evidence suggests that ACF is effective. Strategies to improve screening uptake were identified. Variability in uptake and yield necessitates programmes tailored to local populations; areas for further research were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hamilton
- South West Public Health Training Programme, Bristol
| | - R Tolfree
- South West Public Health Training Programme, Bristol
| | - J Mytton
- University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hamilton K. MAINTENANCE OF PROTEOSTASIS AS A PILLAR OF SLOWED AGING: LESSONS FROM LONG-LIVED MURINE MODELS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Hamilton
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guerville M, Hamilton K, Ronveaux C, Ellero-Simatos S, Raybould H, Boudry G. La perte de sensibilité à la CCK observée chez le rat obèse est liée à la nature purifiée des ingrédients composant les régimes expérimentaux. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
15
|
Herson MR, Hamilton K, White J, Alexander D, Poniatowski S, O'Connor AJ, Werkmeister JA. Interaction of preservation methods and radiation sterilization in human skin processing, with particular insight on the impact of the final water content and collagen disruption. Part I: process validation, water activity and collagen changes in tissues cryopreserved or processed using 50, 85 or 98% glycerol solutions. Cell Tissue Bank 2018; 19:215-227. [PMID: 29696490 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-018-9694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Current regulatory requirements demand an in-depth understanding and validation of protocols used in tissue banking. The aim of this work was to characterize the quality of split thickness skin allografts cryopreserved or manufactured using highly concentrated solutions of glycerol (50, 85 or 98%), where tissue water activity (aw), histology and birefringence changes were chosen as parameters. Consistent aw outcomes validated the proposed processing protocols. While no significant changes in tissue quality were observed under bright-field microscopy or in collagen birefringence, in-process findings can be harnessed to fine-tune and optimize manufacturing outcomes in particular when further radiation sterilization is considered. Furthermore, exposing the tissues to 85% glycerol seems to derive the most efficient outcomes as far as aw and control of microbiological growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Herson
- Department of Surgery - Central Medical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - K Hamilton
- Donor Tissue Bank of Victoria - Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J White
- CSIRO - Manufacturing, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - S Poniatowski
- Donor Tissue Bank of Victoria - Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A J O'Connor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J A Werkmeister
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yokoyama Y, Medart D, Hormes M, Schmitz C, Hamilton K, Kwant PB, Takatani S, Schmitz-Rode T, Steinseifer U. CFD Simulation of a Novel Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis - An Estimation of the Venturi Passage Formed by the Leaflets. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 29:1132-9. [PMID: 17219353 DOI: 10.1177/039139880602901206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the flow characteristics of the novel Helmholtz-Institute Aachen Bileaflet (HIA-BL) heart valve prosthesis. The curved leaflets of the HIA-BL valve form a Venturi passage between the leaflets at peak systole. By narrowing the cross section the flow accelerates and the static pressure at the central passage decreases according to the Venturi effect. The low-pressure zone between the leaflets is expected to stabilize the leaflets in fully open position at peak systole. To investigate the Venturi passage, the flow fields of two valve geometries were investigated by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics): one geometry exhibits curved leaflets resulting in a Venturi passage; the other geometry features straight leaflets. The flow profiles, pressure distribution and resulting torque of both passages were compared and investigated. Although flow profiles downstream of both valves were similar, the flow passages between the leaflets were different for the investigated leaflet geometries. The straight leaflet passage showed a large boundary layer separation zone near the leaflets and the lowest pressure at the leading edge of the leaflet. The Venturi passage showed a reduction of the boundary layer separation zones and the lowest pressure between the leaflets could be found in the narrowest flow cross section of the Venturi passage. Additionally, the resulting torque showed that the Venturi passage produced an opening momentum. The results demonstrate that the Venturi passage stabilizes the leaflets in open position at peak systole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yokoyama
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Osprey SM, Butchart N, Knight JR, Scaife AA, Hamilton K, Anstey JA, Schenzinger V, Zhang C. An unexpected disruption of the atmospheric quasi-biennial oscillation. Science 2016; 353:1424-1427. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aah4156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
18
|
Ahmed W, Harwood VJ, Nguyen K, Young S, Hamilton K, Toze S. Utility of Helicobacter spp. associated GFD markers for detecting avian fecal pollution in natural waters of two continents. Water Res 2016; 88:613-622. [PMID: 26562798 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Avian fecal droppings may negatively impact environmental water quality due to the presence of high concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and zoonotic pathogens. This study was aimed at evaluating the performance characteristics and utility of a Helicobacter spp. associated GFD marker by screening 265 fecal and wastewater samples from a range of avian and non-avian host groups from two continents (Brisbane, Australia and Florida, USA). The host-prevalence and -specificity of this marker among fecal and wastewater samples tested from Brisbane were 0.58 and 0.94 (maximum value of 1.00). These values for the Florida fecal samples were 0.30 (host-prevalence) and 1.00 (host-specificity). The concentrations of the GFD markers in avian and non-avian fecal nucleic acid samples were measured at a test concentration of 10 ng of nucleic acid at Brisbane and Florida laboratories using the quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. The mean concentrations of the GFD marker in avian fecal nucleic acid samples (5.2 × 10(3) gene copies) were two orders of magnitude higher than non-avian fecal nucleic acid samples (8.6 × 10(1) gene copies). The utility of this marker was evaluated by testing water samples from the Brisbane River, Brisbane and a freshwater creek in Florida. Among the 18 water samples tested from the Brisbane River, 83% (n = 18) were positive for the GFD marker, and the concentrations ranged from 6.0 × 10(1)-3.2 × 10(2) gene copies per 100 mL water. In all, 92% (n = 25) water samples from the freshwater creek in Florida were also positive for the GFD marker with concentrations ranging from 2.8 × 10(1)-1.3 × 10(4) gene copies per 100 mL water. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the GFD marker is highly specific to avian host groups, and could be used as a reliable marker to detect the presence and amount of avian fecal pollution in environmental waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Ahmed
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia; Faculty of Science, Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Qld 4558, Australia.
| | - V J Harwood
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SCA 110, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - K Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SCA 110, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - S Young
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SCA 110, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - K Hamilton
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia; Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - S Toze
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston Road, Qld 4006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McMaster J, Booth MG, Smith A, Hamilton K. Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the intensive care unit: its effect on outcome and risk factors for acquisition. J Hosp Infect 2015; 90:327-32. [PMID: 25997804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common cause of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU). A perception exists that ICU-acquired MRSA is associated with poor outcomes, although there are few data to support this. AIM To determine the effect of acquiring MRSA in the ICU on 180-day mortality, and to identify risk factors associated with acquisition. METHODS Data were collected prospectively from 2007 to 2013. Patients who remained MRSA negative throughout their ICU admission were matched with patients who acquired MRSA in terms of age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, length of ICU stay and surgical/non-surgical status. FINDINGS In total, 2405 patients were included in the analysis. Patients who acquired MRSA in the ICU had significantly longer ICU stays than patients who were admitted with MRSA and patients who remained MRSA negative throughout their ICU stay (P < 0.001 for both). There were no significant differences in 180-day mortality between the groups (P = 0.238). A confirmed non-MRSA infection within 48 h of ICU admission was associated with increased risk of MRSA acquisition (adjusted odds ratio 2.57, P = 0.005), and receipt of antimicrobial therapy within 48 h of ICU admission was associated with reduced risk of MRSA acquisition (adjusted odds ratio 0.38, P = 0.014). CONCLUSION MRSA acquisition does not contribute towards mortality in critically ill patients. This raises questions regarding the cost-effectiveness of focusing infection prevention measures on the control of MRSA in ICUs. The low acquisition rate and lack of risk factors identified for MRSA in the study cohort indicate that efforts should be directed towards continual improvement of standard infection control procedures for all patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J McMaster
- Intensive Care Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
| | - M G Booth
- Intensive Care Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Smith
- Intensive Care Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Hamilton
- Intensive Care Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hamilton K, Nutter F, Olson D, Steele J. USAID RESPOND project's global one health core competencies and one
health modules. Ann Glob Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
21
|
Hamilton K, Macken W, McGarvey C, Matthews TG, Nicholson AJ. Pedestrian deaths in children--potential for prevention. Ir Med J 2015; 108:8-11. [PMID: 25702345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The National Paediatric Mortality Database was reviewed for the six year period 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2011 and all pedestrian deaths extracted, after review of available data the deaths were categorized as either traffic or non-traffic related. There were 45 child pedestrian fatalities in the period examined. Traffic related deaths accounted for 26 (58%) vs. 19 (42%) non-traffic related. Analysis of the deaths showed there was a male preponderance 28 (62%), weekend trend 22 (49%) with an evening 16 (35%) and summer peak 20 (44%). The highest proportion of deaths occurred in the 1-4 year age group 24 (53%), with 13 (28%) due to low speed vehicle rollovers, mainly occurring in residential driveways 8 (61%). Child pedestrian fatalities are highly preventable through the modification of risk factors including behavioural, social and environmental. Preventative action needs to be addressed, particularly in relation to non-traffic related deaths i.e, low speed vehicle rollovers.
Collapse
|
22
|
Schultz-Cherry S, Webby RJ, Webster RG, Kelso A, Barr IG, McCauley JW, Daniels RS, Wang D, Shu Y, Nobusawa E, Itamura S, Tashiro M, Harada Y, Watanabe S, Odagiri T, Ye Z, Grohmann G, Harvey R, Engelhardt O, Smith D, Hamilton K, Claes F, Dauphin G. Influenza gain-of-function experiments: their role in vaccine virus recommendation and pandemic preparedness. mBio 2014; 5:e02430-14. [PMID: 25505124 PMCID: PMC4278542 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02430-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, controversy has arisen regarding the risks and benefits of certain types of gain-of-function (GOF) studies involving avian influenza viruses. In this article, we provide specific examples of how different types of data, including information garnered from GOF studies, have helped to shape the influenza vaccine production process-from selection of candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) to the manufacture and stockpiling of safe, high-yield prepandemic vaccines for the global community. The article is not written to support a specific pro- or anti-GOF stance but rather to inform the scientific community about factors involved in vaccine virus selection and the preparation of prepandemic influenza vaccines and the impact that some GOF information has had on this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Schultz-Cherry
- WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - R J Webby
- WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - R G Webster
- WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - A Kelso
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - I G Barr
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J W McCauley
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - R S Daniels
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Wang
- WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Shu
- WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - E Nobusawa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Itamura
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Tashiro
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Harada
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Odagiri
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Z Ye
- Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - G Grohmann
- Immunology and Vaccines, Therapeutic Goods Administration Laboratories, Woden, ACT, Australia
| | - R Harvey
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | - O Engelhardt
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | - D Smith
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, WHO CC for Modeling Evolution and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- OIE Scientific and Technical Department, OIE, Paris, France
| | - F Claes
- OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome, Italy
| | - G Dauphin
- OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Marek A, Smith A, Peat M, Connell A, Gillespie I, Morrison P, Hamilton A, Shaw D, Stewart A, Hamilton K, Smith I, Mead A, Howard P, Ingle D. Endoscopy supply water and final rinse testing: five years of experience. J Hosp Infect 2014; 88:207-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
24
|
Freyne B, Hamilton K, Mc Garvey C, Shannon B, Matthews TG, Nicholson AJ. Sudden unexpected death study underlines risks of infants sleeping in sitting devices. Acta Paediatr 2014; 103:e130-2. [PMID: 24175953 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Freyne
- RCSI Department of Paediatrics; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - K Hamilton
- National Paediatric Mortality Register; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - C Mc Garvey
- National Paediatric Mortality Register; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - Brenda Shannon
- Department of Public Health; HSE Dublin Mid-Leinster; Longford
| | - TG Matthews
- National Paediatric Mortality Register; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - AJ Nicholson
- RCSI Department of Paediatrics; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Feltrin C, Garas LC, Cooper CA, Hamilton K, Filho RVL, Bertolini LR, Bertolini M, Raybould HE, Murray JD, Maga EA. 219 EFFECTS OF ADMINISTRATION OF MILK FROM TRANSGENIC COWS CONTAINING RECOMBINANT HUMAN LACTOFERRIN IN A PIG MODEL OF MALNUTRITION. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv26n1ab219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant mortality is still a major problem, with the interaction between malnutrition and diarrhoea among the leading causes of death. One option to fight both diarrhoea and malnutrition is breastfeeding. Benefits of breast milk are attributed to the actions of antimicrobial proteins in human milk, such as lactoferrin (LF), which increase intestinal and systemic immune functions. One way to convey the benefits of LF to children is the use of transgenic animals that express human proteins in the mammary gland. In this sense, the availability of animal milk with properties of human milk can be a potential source to increase and prolong the protective benefits of human milk in reducing disease and stimulating growth. Transgenic cows expressing rhLF were produced by pronuclear microinjection with the goal of using the milk to improve human health. To test this hypothesis, we have created a model of malnutrition in pigs by reducing the intake (50%) of calories and protein. The animals (n = 26) were randomly divided as follows: after weaning at 3 weeks of age, 18 animals were fed the protein and calorie-restricted diet (mal) for 3 weeks and 8 animals served as a control group and were fed standard feed (full-fed). After 3 weeks, 4 animals in each group were necropsied and the remaining animals (n = 18) were placed into the following experimental groups: 4 animals remained in the control group (full-fed-no milk), and the 14 malnourished animals were divided as follows: 4 animals were maintained on food restriction but received no milk (mal-no milk) and 10 animals were maintained on food restriction with 5 receiving 500 mL of control milk/day (con milk) and 5 receiving 500 mL of rhLF milk/day (rhLF milk) for a total of 15 days. Intestinal permeability and morphology, mRNA expression of tight junction proteins (ZO1, claudin, occludin), and cytokines (TGF-β, TLR-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6 IL-8, CCL-11) in the intestine, and hematological parameters were assessed. Data were analysed by ANOVA with P-values <0.05 considered statistically significant. The restricted diet was capable of inducing a state of malnutrition after 3 weeks as demonstrated by multiple changes in blood chemistry, a significant decrease in gut surface area, and an increase in electrical conductance indicative of compromised intestinal barrier function. Supplementation of the diet with either control milk or rhLF milk promoted the recovery of the intestine as indicated by significantly improved intestinal morphology and permeability. Levels of TNF-α were increased in the mal-no milk group; however, rhLF-fed animals were capable of regulating the expression of TNF-α, which did not significantly differ from full-fed controls. Tight junction proteins were also significantly up-regulated in the rhLF group. Overall, a model of malnutrition was established and the administration of both control and rhLF milk was beneficial in the recovery of the gastrointestinal tract. Our intention is that such milk from transgenic animals can benefit malnourished children around the world.
Collapse
|
26
|
Maclean M, Booth MG, Anderson JG, MacGregor SJ, Woolsey GA, Coia JE, Hamilton K, Gettinby G. Continuous decontamination of an intensive care isolation room during patient occupancy using 405 nm light technology. J Infect Prev 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1757177413483646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental contamination within intensive care units (ICU) is recognised as a source of patient infection, and improved cleaning and disinfection methods are continually being sought. Visible light of 405 nm has been shown to have bactericidal properties, and this communication reports on the use of a ceiling-mounted 405 nm light system for continuous environmental disinfection of contact surfaces and air in an occupied ICU isolation room. Levels of bacterial contamination on a range of contact surfaces around the room were assessed before, during and after use of the system. For each study, the lighting units were operated continuously during daylight hours. Results demonstrate that the spatial distribution of bacterial contamination was reduced almost uniformly across all sampled contact surfaces during use of the 405 nm light system. Pooled data showed that significant reductions in overall bacterial contamination around the room were achieved, with bacterial counts reduced by up to 67% ( p=0.0001) over and above that achieved with standard cleaning and infection control procedures alone. Use of 405 nm light significantly reduced environmental contamination across almost all sampled contact surfaces within the ICU isolation room. This has particular benefit in ICU where equipment and other ‘hand-touch’ sites make routine cleaning difficult, thus helping maintain a cleaner environment, and contributing to reducing cross-infection from environmental sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Maclean
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies (ROLEST), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
| | - MG Booth
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow
| | - JG Anderson
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies (ROLEST), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
| | - SJ MacGregor
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies (ROLEST), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
| | - GA Woolsey
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies (ROLEST), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
| | - JE Coia
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow
| | - K Hamilton
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow
| | - G Gettinby
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vincent A, Awada L, Brown I, Chen H, Claes F, Dauphin G, Donis R, Culhane M, Hamilton K, Lewis N, Mumford E, Nguyen T, Parchariyanon S, Pasick J, Pavade G, Pereda A, Peiris M, Saito T, Swenson S, Van Reeth K, Webby R, Wong F, Ciacci-Zanella J. Review of Influenza A Virus in Swine Worldwide: A Call for Increased Surveillance and Research. Zoonoses Public Health 2013; 61:4-17. [DOI: 10.1111/zph.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Vincent
- Virus and Prion Research Unit; USDA-ARS NADC; Ames IA USA
| | - L. Awada
- World Organization for Animal Health (OIE); Paris France
| | - I. Brown
- Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency; Weybridge UK
| | - H. Chen
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute; Harbin China
| | - F. Claes
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); Rome Italy
| | - G. Dauphin
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); Rome Italy
| | | | - M. Culhane
- University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Lab; St. Paul MN USA
| | - K. Hamilton
- World Organization for Animal Health (OIE); Paris France
| | - N. Lewis
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - E. Mumford
- World Health Organization (WHO); Geneva Switzerland
| | - T. Nguyen
- Department of Animal Health; National Centre for Veterinary Diagnostics; Hanoi Vietnam
| | | | - J. Pasick
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency; Winnepeg Canada
| | - G. Pavade
- World Organization for Animal Health (OIE); Paris France
| | - A. Pereda
- Instituto de Virología - INTA; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - M. Peiris
- Hong Kong University; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
| | - T. Saito
- National Institute of Animal Health; Ibaraki Japan
| | | | | | - R. Webby
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Memphis TN USA
| | - F. Wong
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory; CSIRO Livestock Industries; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Swayne DE, Pavade G, Hamilton K, Vallat B, Miyagishima K. Assessment of national strategies for control of high-pathogenicity avian influenza and low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza in poultry, with emphasis on vaccines and vaccination. REV SCI TECH OIE 2013; 30:839-70. [PMID: 22435196 DOI: 10.20506/rst.30.3.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-nine distinct epizootics of high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) have occurred since 1959. The H5N1 HPAI panzootic affecting Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe has been the largest among these, affecting poultry and/or wild birds in 63 countries. A stamping-out programme achieved eradication in 24 of these epizootics (and is close to achieving eradication in the current H5N2 epizootic in South African ostriches), but vaccination was added to the control programmes in four epizootics when stamping out alone was not effective. During the 2002 to 2010 period, more than 113 billion doses of avian influenza (AI) vaccine were used in at-risk national poultry populations of over 131 billion birds. At two to three doses per bird for the 15 vaccinating countries, the average national vaccination coverage rate was 41.9% and the global AI vaccine coverage rate was 10.9% for all poultry. The highest national coverage rate was nearly 100% for poultry in Hong Kong and the lowest national coverage was less than 0.01% for poultry in Israel and The Netherlands. Inactivated AI vaccines accounted for 95.5% and live recombinant virus vaccines for 4.5% of the vaccines used. Most of these vaccines were used in the H5N1 HPAI panzootic, with more than 99% employed in the People's Republic of China, Egypt, Indonesia and Vietnam. Implementation of vaccination in these four countries occurred after H5N1 HPAI became enzootic in domestic poultry and vaccination did not result in the enzootic infections. Vaccine usage prevented clinical disease and mortality in chickens, and maintained rural livelihoods and food security during HPAI outbreaks. Low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza (LPNAI) became reportable to the World Organisation for Animal Health in 2006 because some H5 and H7 low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) viruses have the potential to mutate to HPAI viruses. Fewer outbreaks of LPNAI have been reported than of HPAI and only six countries used vaccine in control programmes, accounting for 8.1% of the total H5/H7 AI vaccine usage, as compared to 91.9% of the vaccine used against HPAI. Of the six countries that have used vaccine to control LPNAI, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Italy have been the biggest users. In countries with enzootic HPAI and LPNAI, development and implementation of exit strategies has been difficult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D E Swayne
- World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), 12 rue de Prony, Paris 75017, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schmied J, Hamilton K, Rupa P, Oh SY, Wilkie B. Immune response phenotype induced by controlled immunization of neonatal pigs varies in type 1:type 2 bias. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 149:11-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
30
|
Hamilton K, Salman MS, Schwartz I, McCusker PJ, Wrogemann J, Rafay MF. Arterial ischemic stroke in an adolescent with presumed perinatal ischemic stroke. J Child Neurol 2012; 27:94-8. [PMID: 21868371 DOI: 10.1177/0883073811414421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The risk of recurrent ischemic stroke after presumed perinatal stroke and the risk factors for such recurrence are rarely reported. Here, we present an adolescent with a history of presumed perinatal stroke who presented with arterial ischemic stroke recurrence at the age of 15 years. Hereditary thrombophilia screening performed at the time of his stroke recurrence demonstrated protein S deficiency. No evidence-based consensus guidelines on thrombophilia screening in children with presumed perinatal stroke exist, nor has the role of secondary prophylaxis been addressed. There is a risk of stroke recurrence after presumed perinatal stroke, and routine thrombophilia screening may identify those children who are at higher risk for recurrence and who might therefore benefit from secondary prophylaxis. Clear guidelines should be developed to standardize investigations and management of children with presumed perinatal ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Hamilton
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pavade G, Awada L, Hamilton K, Swayne DE. The influence of economic indicators, poultry density and the performance of veterinary services on the control of high-pathogenicity avian influenza in poultry. REV SCI TECH OIE 2011; 30:661-671. [PMID: 22435180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
High-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) and low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza (LPNAI) in poultry are notifiable diseases that must be reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). There are variations between countries' responses to avian influenza (AI) outbreak situations based on their economic status, diagnostic capacity and other factors. The objective of this study was to ascertain the significant association between HPAI control data and a country's poultry density, the performance of its Veterinary Services, and its economic indicators (gross domestic product, agricultural gross domestic product, gross national income, human development index and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] status). Results indicate that as poultry density increases for least developed countries there is an increase in the number and duration of HPAI outbreaks and in the time it takes to eradicate the disease. There was no significant correlation between HPAI control and any of the economic indicators except membership of the OECD. Member Countries, i.e. those with high-income economies, transparency and good governance, had shorter and significantly fewer HPAI outbreaks, quicker eradication times, lower mortality rates and higher culling rates than non-OECD countries. Furthermore, countries that had effective and efficient Veterinary Services (as measured by the ratings they achieved when they were assessed using the OIE Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services) had better HPAI control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Pavade
- World Organisation for Animal Health, 12 rue de Prony, 75017 Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Maclean M, Macgregor SJ, Anderson JG, Woolsey GA, Coia JE, Hamilton K, Taggart I, Watson SB, Thakker B, Gettinby G. Environmental decontamination of a hospital isolation room using high-intensity narrow-spectrum light. J Hosp Infect 2011; 76:247-51. [PMID: 20864210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The performance of a new decontamination technology, referred to as 'high-intensity narrow-spectrum light environmental decontamination system' (HINS-light EDS) was evaluated by a series of three studies carried out in a hospital isolation room used to treat burns patients. The ceiling-mounted HINS-light EDS emits high-intensity 405nm light which, although bactericidal, is harmless to patients and staff thereby permitting continuous environmental disinfection throughout the day. Performance efficacy was assessed by contact agar plate sampling and enumeration of staphylococcal bacteria on environmental surfaces within the room before, during and after HINS-light EDS treatment. When the room was unoccupied, use of HINS-light EDS resulted in ∼90% reduction of surface bacterial levels and when the room was occupied by an MRSA-infected burns patient, reductions between 56% and 86% were achieved, with the highest reduction (86%) measured following an extended period of HINS-light EDS operation. In an on/off intervention study, surface bacterial levels were reduced by 62% by HINS-light EDS treatment and returned to normal contamination levels two days after the system was switched off. These reductions of staphylococci, including Staphylococcus aureus and meticillin-resistant S. aureus, by HINS-light EDS treatment were greater than the reductions achieved by normal infection control and cleaning activities alone. The findings provide strong evidence that HINS-light EDS, used as a supplementary procedure, can make a significant contribution to bacterial decontamination in clinical environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Maclean
- Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies (ROLEST), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Marshall KG, Swaby K, Hamilton K, Howell S, Landis RC, Hambleton IR, Reid M, Fletcher H, Forrester T, McKenzie CA. A preliminary examination of the effects of genetic variants of redox enzymes on susceptibility to oedematous malnutrition and on percentage cytotoxicity in response to oxidative stress in vitro. Ann Trop Paediatr 2011; 31:27-36. [PMID: 21262107 DOI: 10.1179/146532811x12925735813805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causes of oedematous vs non-oedematous childhood malnutrition (OM vs NOM) remain elusive. It is possible that inherited differences in handling oxidant stressors are a contributing factor. AIMS To test for associations between polymorphisms in five genes and (i) risk of OM, a case-control study, and (ii) percentage cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), an in vitro cell challenge study. METHODS Participants had been admitted previously for treatment of OM (cases, n = 74) or NOM (controls, n = 50), or were an independent set of healthy pregnant women (n = 47) who donated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We tested for associations between genetic variation and outcome using single markers or a bivariate score constructed by counting numbers of deleterious alleles for each of 15 possible pairs of markers. RESULTS In the case-control study there were no significant single-marker associations with OM. We did find that higher bivariate scores were associated with OM for the pair of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and catalase (odds ratio 2·00, 95% CI 1·05-3·82). In the cell challenge experiments, there were no significant associations with percentage cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Variation in this small set of genes seems unlikely to have a large impact on either risk of OM or cytotoxicity after H(2)O(2) exposure. The use of larger sample sizes to test the effects of a much larger set of genetic variants will be required in order to determine whether genetic variation contributes to the risk of OM. Such studies have potential for improving our understanding of causal pathways in OM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K G Marshall
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Macrodimitris S, Wershler J, Hatfield M, Hamilton K, Backs-Dermott B, Mothersill K, Baxter C, Wiebe S. Group cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with epilepsy and comorbid depression and anxiety. Epilepsy Behav 2011; 20:83-8. [PMID: 21131237 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Practice Guidelines for depression and anxiety recommend cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as an equivalent and sometimes more effective treatment than medication. The limited research investigating CBT for anxiety and depression in epilepsy demonstrates mixed results. Described here is a pilot project using an existing group CBT intervention for symptoms of depression and/or anxiety, CBT Basics II, in patients with epilepsy. Eighteen patients with epilepsy, referred by neurologists to address depression and/or anxiety symptoms, completed the 10-week group. Results demonstrated improvements in depression, anxiety, negative automatic thoughts, and cognitive therapy knowledge and skills. The group was generally acceptable to patients as indicated by good attendance rates and only one dropout. This pilot project demonstrates that group CBT is a feasible, acceptable, and promising intervention for patients with epilepsy and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Macrodimitris
- Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yoong J, Chong G, Hamilton K. Bilateral papilledema on sunitinib therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Med Oncol 2010; 28 Suppl 1:S395-7. [PMID: 21057897 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 59-year-old man with advanced renal cell carcinoma who developed bilateral papilledema while on therapy with sunitinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). While papilledema has been reported in association with another TKI (imatinib), the association between sunitinib and papilledema has not previously been reported in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Yoong
- Ballarat Base Hospital, Drummond Street North, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Everest P, Hamilton K, Coia J. FP3.8 The use of culture based screening as a semi-quantitative predictor of hospital MRSA acquisition. J Hosp Infect 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0195-6701(10)60023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
37
|
Greenberg M, Barr G, Rupp V, Patel N, Weaver K, Hamilton K, Reed J. 459: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Prescription Program: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
38
|
Hamilton K, White K. A qualitative study of parental physical activity: Exploring the influence of social support and normative expectations. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
39
|
Hamilton K. The emergence of the pandemic A/H1N1 2009 virus and its characteristics. Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg 2009; 164:260-263. [PMID: 20669614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
April 2009 saw the emergence of a pandemic strain of influenza A H1N1 in North America. The virus is now prevalent worldwide in human populations and has become a significant public health problem with substantial economic and other consequences. The virus contains a combination of genes from influenza viruses previously known to circulate in pigs, birds, and humans. The human-animal interface is known to play an important role in the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses, and animals have occasionally been infected with the pandemic H1N1 virus. There is no evidence, however, that animals are playing a significant role in the epidemiology of this current pandemic. With regards to the implications for animal health, OIE recommends enhanced surveillance for the pandemic H1N1 virus in animals so that any changes in the characteristics of the virus that may threaten human or animal health are detected early. Several OIE Members have reported occurrences of the pandemic H1N1 virus in animals to the OIE as an emerging disease; its occurrence has been reported in pigs in several countries and on one occasion in turkeys. The limited number of documented animal infections have been associated with mild disease and infection of pigs with pandemic H1N1 virus is not considered to be a risk to food safety. OFFLU--the joint OIE-FAO network of expertise on animal influenza--is facilitating exchange of up-to-date technical information about diagnostics, surveillance and the characteristics of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in animals. OFFLU is also responsible for collaborating with the human health sector on animal influenza matters that are relevant to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hamilton
- World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Weickhardt AJ, Chong G, Shea S, Arhanghelschi D, Hamilton K. Durability and complication rates of arm-sited central venous access ports (CVAPs) versus chest-sited CVAPs for chemotherapy administration at a rural Australian centre. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.20643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
41
|
Rotman A, Hamilton K, O'Donnell C. "Lytic" lesions in autologous bone grafts: demonstration of medullary air pockets on post mortem computed tomography. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2007; 3:270-4. [PMID: 25869267 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-007-0036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Donor bone grafts are an important aspect of orthopaedic surgery. The use of plain film as a pathological screening tool before donor bone dispatch has revealed "lytic" lesions in proximal humeri. Donor demographics did not support the diagnosis of myeloma and subsequent computed tomography (CT) scans of these bones identified the lesions as air, not pathology. In total, 27 long bones were scanned and 100% (27/27 cases) exhibited air within the trabecular bone. Three distinct patterns were found: ovoid, linear/branching, and broad channel. A longitudinal course of CT scans was performed to identify at which stage air appeared within the bone. Pre-retrieval, preprocessing, and postprocessing scans revealed that air originated between the retrieval and preprocessing stages of donor bone preparation. There may be multiple aetiology of this phenomenon, including bone retrieval and natural decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Rotman
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dasse O, Evans J, Zhai HX, Zou D, Kintigh J, Chan F, Hamilton K, Hill E, Eckman J, Higgins P, Volosov A, Collart P, Nicolas JM, Kondru R, Schwartz C. Novel, Acidic CCR2 Receptor Antagonists: Lead Optimization. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2007. [DOI: 10.2174/157018007784619989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
43
|
Hamilton K, Pye D, Hua S, Yu F, Chung J, Hou Q. The effect of contact lens induced oedema on the accuracy of Goldmann tonometry in a mature population. Br J Ophthalmol 2007; 91:1636-8. [PMID: 17504854 PMCID: PMC2095538 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.118695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the effect of contact lens induced oedema on the accuracy of Goldmann tonometry measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) in mature subjects. METHODS 22 healthy subjects aged between 50 and 60 years were recruited. Corneal curvature, IOP, and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured before and after two hours of monocular closed eye wear of a thick hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) contact lens. Measurements were then repeated at 20 minute intervals for one hour after lens removal. RESULTS Both CCT (+54.1 mum) and IOP (+2.7 mm Hg) increased significantly after lens wear (p<0.001, paired t test with Bonferroni correction). For the hour following lens removal, the measured IOP was correlated to the increase in CCT (r = 0.84, p<0.001), at a rate of 1.0 mm Hg/10 mum (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 1.2 mm Hg/10 mum, linear mixed model analysis). CONCLUSIONS A relatively small increase in CCT from contact lens induced corneal oedema caused an overestimation error in Goldmann tonometry measurements of IOP in healthy mature subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hamilton
- Cardiff University, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Maindy Road, Cathays, Cardiff CF24 4LU, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hamilton K, Lane DM, Brown KE, Evans J, Taylor NK. An integrated diagnostic architecture for autonomous underwater vehicles. J FIELD ROBOT 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/rob.20202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
45
|
Curran ET, Hamilton K, Monaghan A, McGinlay M, Thakker B. Use of a temporary cohort ward as part of an intervention to reduce the incidence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a vascular surgery ward. J Hosp Infect 2006; 63:374-9. [PMID: 16765483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2006.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Accepted: 02/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the effect of introducing a cohort area into a vascular surgery ward where a sustained increase in new cases of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) made the implementation of standard MRSA infection control precautions untenable. A recent review of published reports concluded, 'that little evidence could be found to suggest that isolation measures recommended in the UK are effective'. The authors recommended a reporting format to enable the evidence for isolation to be gathered more systematically. This paper follows the recommended reporting format. The setting was a 30-bedded acute and subacute vascular surgery ward within a tertiary care hospital in Glasgow, UK. The data were analysed as an interrupted time series of 19 months pre-cohort, eight months with cohort and eight months post cohort. Following the instigation of the cohort area, there was a significant reduction in the number of nosocomial MRSA isolates from patients (P=0.0005). This reduction was sustained after the cohort area was discontinued. In conclusion, effective separation of MRSA-colonized/-infected patients from patients who are not colonized/infected with MRSA, using a cohort area, resulted in a significant reduction in MRSA cross-colonization and cross-infection. The resulting reduction in MRSA prevalence within the unit facilitated effective screening and isolation of subsequent patients once the cohort area had been discontinued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E T Curran
- North Glasgow University Hospitals Division, Glasgow, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Santos ES, Raez LE, Rosado M, Lopes G, Roman E, Kumar P, Tolba K, Silva O, Rocha-Lima C, Hamilton K. Efficacy and safety profile of oxaliplatin and docetaxel in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
17061 Background: Platinum-based doublets are used as treatment for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but chemotherapy must be tailored to decrease side effects. Oxaliplatin is more potent than cisplatin, requiring fewer DNA adducts to provide equivalent cytotoxicity in vitro studies. Oxaliplatin was active as a single agent and in combination with vinorelbine, paclitaxel, and gemcitabinein phase II studies of patients with NSCLC. A phase II study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin combined with docetaxel for NSCLC. Methods: Patients with stage-IIIB or -IV, chemotherapy-naive NSCLC received docetaxel 70 mg/m2, oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2, and pegfilgrastim 6 mg every 21 days for up to 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints were progression-free and overall survival (PFS and OS), and safety. Results: Twenty-nine patients were treated; 15 (51.7%) were women, 25 (76%) were white, 17 (58.6%) were hispanic, 21 (72.4%) had adenocarcinomas, 24 (83%) had a PS ECOG 1, 93% had stage-IV disease and 28% had brain metastases. There were 10 partial responses in 27 evaluable patients for an ORR of 37% (90% confidence interval [CI], 21.7%–54.7%). Median PFS for 29 treated patients was 4.6 months (95% CI, 2.6–6.5 months); 12-month PFS was 14.8% (95% CI, 3.4%– 34.0%). Median OS was 10.9 months (95% CI, 8.9–16.8 months); 12-month OS was 40% (95% CI, 18.5%–60.8%) and 18-month OS was 16% (95% CI, 1.4%–45.7%). There were no unusual or unexpected adverse events. The most common grade-3 and -4 toxicities were anemia (14% of patients) and hyperglycemia (10%). There were only 2 reports of neutropenia; both were grade 1 or 2. Conclusions: These phase II findings suggest that the combination of oxaliplatin and docetaxel is active and well tolerated, and offers a feasible treatment alternative for patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. [Table: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Santos
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - L. E. Raez
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - M. Rosado
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - G. Lopes
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - E. Roman
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - P. Kumar
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - K. Tolba
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - O. Silva
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - C. Rocha-Lima
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - K. Hamilton
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; University of Miami, Miami, FL
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear if it is safe for babies to bed share with adults. In Ireland 49% of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases occur when the infant is bed-sharing with an adult. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of bed-sharing during the last sleep period on risk factors for SIDS in Irish infants. DESIGN An 8 year (1994-2001) population based case control study of 287 SIDS cases and 831 controls matched for date, place of birth, and sleep period. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS The risk associated with bed-sharing was three times greater for infants with low birth weight for gestation (UOR 16.28 v 4.90) and increased fourfold if the combined tog value of clothing and bedding was > or =10 (UOR 9.68 v 2.34). The unadjusted odds ratio for bed-sharing was 13.87 (95% CI 9.58 to 20.09) for infants whose mothers smoked and 2.09 (95% CI 0.98 to 4.39) for non-smokers. Age of death for bed-sharing and sofa-sharing infants (12.8 and 8.3 weeks, respectively) was less than for infants not sharing a sleep surface (21.0 weeks, p<0.001) and fewer bed-sharing cases were found prone (5% v 32%; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Risk factors for SIDS vary according to the infant's sleeping environment. The increased risk associated with maternal smoking, high tog value of clothing and bedding, and low z scores of weight for gestation at birth is augmented further by bed-sharing. These factors should be taken into account when considering sleeping arrangements for young infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C McGarvey
- National Sudden Infant Death Register, George's Hall, The Children's University Hospital, Temple St, Dublin 1, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tan T, Hamilton K, Martin J. Methodological Issues Involved in Assessment of Developmental Instability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/108155890605401s133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T.C. Tan
- Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA
- Doctor's Hospital Medical Center of Montclair, Montclair, CA
| | - K. Hamilton
- Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA
- Doctor's Hospital Medical Center of Montclair, Montclair, CA
| | - J.T. Martin
- Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA
- Doctor's Hospital Medical Center of Montclair, Montclair, CA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tan TC, Hamilton K, Martin JT. 250 METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENTAL INSTABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
50
|
Smith A, Caven A, Anderson M, Stewart J, Hamilton K, Curran E, Edwards G. P6.07 Transmission of Salmonella Enteritidis Following Inadequate Endoscope Decontamination. J Hosp Infect 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0195-6701(06)60110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|