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Guerlavais V, Sawyer TK, Carvajal L, Chang YS, Graves B, Ren JG, Sutton D, Olson KA, Packman K, Darlak K, Elkin C, Feyfant E, Kesavan K, Gangurde P, Vassilev LT, Nash HM, Vukovic V, Aivado M, Annis DA. Discovery of Sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924), the First Cell-Permeating, Stabilized α-Helical Peptide in Clinical Development. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37439511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the discovery of sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924), the first cell-permeating, stabilized α-helical peptide to enter clinical trials. ALRN-6924 is a "stapled peptide" that mimics the N-terminal domain of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. It binds with high affinity to both MDM2 and MDMX (also known as MDM4), the endogenous inhibitors of p53, to activate p53 signaling in cells having a non-mutant, or wild-type TP53 genotype (TP53-WT). Iterative structure-activity optimization endowed ALRN-6924 with favorable cell permeability, solubility, and pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. Intracellular proteolysis of ALRN-6924 forms a long-acting active metabolite with potent MDM2 and MDMX binding affinity and slow dissociation kinetics. At high doses, ALRN-6924 exhibits on-mechanism anticancer activity in TP53-WT tumor models. At lower doses, ALRN-6924 transiently arrests the cell cycle in healthy tissues to protect them from chemotherapy without protecting the TP53-mutant cancer cells. These results support the continued clinical evaluation of ALRN-6924 as an anticancer and chemoprotection agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Guerlavais
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Tomi K Sawyer
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Luis Carvajal
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Yong S Chang
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Bradford Graves
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Jian-Guo Ren
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - David Sutton
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Karen A Olson
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Kathryn Packman
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Krzysztof Darlak
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Carl Elkin
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Eric Feyfant
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Kamala Kesavan
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Pranoti Gangurde
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Lyubomir T Vassilev
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Huw M Nash
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Vojislav Vukovic
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Manuel Aivado
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - D Allen Annis
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Contreras-Duarte S, Cantin C, Carvajal L, Escalona R, Gonzalez Mancilla P, Zapata D, Gutierrez J, Leiva A. Small extracellular vesicles from pregnant women with maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia impair the function of endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Pairawan S, Zhao M, Yuca E, Annis A, Evans K, Sutton D, Carvajal L, Ren JG, Santiago S, Guerlavais V, Akcakanat A, Tapia C, Yang F, Bose PSC, Zheng X, Dumbrava EI, Aivado M, Meric-Bernstam F. First in class dual MDM2/MDMX inhibitor ALRN-6924 enhances antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy in TP53 wild-type hormone receptor-positive breast cancer models. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:29. [PMID: 33663585 PMCID: PMC7934277 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MDM2/MDMX proteins are frequently elevated in hormone receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. We sought to determine the antitumor efficacy of the combination of ALRN-6924, a dual inhibitor of MDM2/MDMX, with chemotherapy in ER+ breast cancer models. METHODS Three hundred two cell lines representing multiple tumor types were screened to confirm the role of TP53 status in ALRN-6924 efficacy. ER+ breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and ZR-75-1) were used to investigate the antitumor efficacy of ALRN-6924 combination. In vitro cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis assays were performed. Xenograft tumor volumes were measured, and reverse-phase protein array (RPPA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and TUNEL assay of tumor tissues were performed to evaluate the in vivo pharmacodynamic effects of ALRN-6924 with paclitaxel. RESULTS ALRN-6924 was active in wild-type TP53 (WT-TP53) cancer cell lines, but not mutant TP53. On ER+ breast cancer cell lines, it was synergistic in vitro and had enhanced in vivo antitumor activity with both paclitaxel and eribulin. Flow cytometry revealed signs of mitotic crisis in all treatment groups; however, S phase was only decreased in MCF-7 single agent and combinatorial ALRN-6924 arms. RPPA and IHC demonstrated an increase in p21 expression in both combinatorial and single agent ALRN-6924 in vivo treatment groups. Apoptotic assays revealed a significantly enhanced in vivo apoptotic rate in ALRN-6924 combined with paclitaxel treatment arm compared to either single agent. CONCLUSION The significant synergy observed with ALRN-6924 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents supports further evaluation in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Pairawan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Erkan Yuca
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Kurt Evans
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Argun Akcakanat
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Coya Tapia
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Present address: Epizyme Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priya Subash Chandra Bose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ecaterina Ileana Dumbrava
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ueda K, Kumari R, Schwenger E, Wheat J, Bohorquez O, Narayanagari SR, Taylor S, Carvajal L, Pradhan K, Bartholdy B, Todorova T, Goto H, Sun D, Chen J, Shan J, Song Y, Montagna C, Xiong S, Lozano G, Verma A, Steidl U. 2003 – MDMX ACTS AS A PERVASIVE PRELEUKEMIC-TO-ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA SWITCH MECHANISM. Exp Hematol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.09.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matji A, Vargas E, Carvajal L, Terleira AI, Portolés A, Garcia-Arieta A, Torrado JJ, Serrano DR. Effect of enantiomerism on the bioequivalence of a new ibuprofen 600-mg tablet formulation obtained by roller compaction. Chirality 2019; 32:185-190. [PMID: 31755587 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The bioequivalence of a new ibuprofen 600-mg film-coated tablet obtained by roller compaction was studied in a crossover study with 22 healthy volunteers. Bioequivalence was analyzed based on (a) the S-enantiomer, (b) the R-enantiomer, and (c) the sum of both enantiomers (representing the results of an achiral assay). The bioequivalence conclusion for ibuprofen products should be based not only on AUC and Cmax but also on tmax since tmax is related to the onset of action. However, it is not possible to ensure if bioequivalence has been demonstrated for tmax as regulators have not defined the acceptance range for the difference between medians of tmax in those cases, where tmax is clinically relevant. In this study, it was possible to conclude bioequivalence for tmax based on S-ibuprofen, though this conclusion might be questioned if the decision is based on R-ibuprofen or the achiral method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Matji
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Vargas
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Pharmacology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Complutense University of Madrid/IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Carvajal
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Terleira
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Pharmacology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Complutense University of Madrid/IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Portolés
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Pharmacology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Complutense University of Madrid/IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Arieta
- Pharmacology and Clinical Evaluation, Human Use Medicines, Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Care Products, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Torrado
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores R Serrano
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Matji A, Donato N, Gagol A, Morales E, Carvajal L, Serrano DR, Worku ZA, Healy AM, Torrado JJ. Predicting the critical quality attributes of ibuprofen tablets via modelling of process parameters for roller compaction and tabletting. Int J Pharm 2019; 565:209-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Criollo-Rayo A, Bohórquez M, Lott P, Carracedo A, Tomlinson I, Mateus G, Castro J, Echeverry M, Carvajal L. The Role of Colorectal Cancer Risk Chromosomal Regions in Colombian Admixed Populations. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.83800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several colorectal cancer susceptibility disease loci have been discovered through genome-wide association studies. However most of the variants were originally identified in Caucasian populations. Aim: To analyze the role of 20 known risk SNPs for colorectal cancer. Methods: Given that linkage disequilibrium is highly dependent on population demographic history and admixture background, we studied 20 risk SNPs in a pooled sample of 955 cases and 968 controls from admixed populations in Colombia. Results: The replication was reached for 11 out of 20 nominally associated SNPs; with allelic odds ratios (OR) ranging from 1.14 to 1.41, indicating a minimal increase in risk individually, however coinheritance of those SNPs resulted in an overall OR = 5.4 (95% CI: 3.052-9.731, P = 1.16E−08). Most of the variants followed a recessive model consistent with significant homozygous ORs distributed between 1.3 and 1.65. Among the most associated markers we found: rs4939827 (18q21.1, P = 7.35E−6), rs10411210 (19q13.11, P = 0.001), rs10795668 (10p14, P = 0.0024), rs4444235 (14q.2.2, P = 0.005), rs961253 (20p12.3, P = 0.006), rs16892766 (8q23.3, P = 0.011) and rs1050547 (8q24.21, P = 0.017). Conclusion: Our findings in Colombia have addressed the admixture and how this has influenced the risk associated with the known/unknown colorectal cancer regions, providing a comprehensive vision about several CRC-susceptibility SNPs identified in European populations, which also resulted, associated with an increased risk to CRC in the Colombian population, even though frequency and genetic structure differences accounted for those nonreplicated SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P. Lott
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - A. Carracedo
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - I. Tomlinson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G. Mateus
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de Poblaciones, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - J. Castro
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de Poblaciones, Ibagué, Colombia
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Matji A, Carvajal L, Conde F, Peña MA, Donato N, Serrano DR, Torrado JJ. Effect of the characteristics of raw material ibuprofen on roller compaction and dissolution. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fuenzalida B, Cantin C, Carvajal L, Contreras-Duarte S, Pardo F, Chiarello D, Sobrevia L, Leiva A. Human maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia increases the efflux of cholesterol from placental trophoblast and microvascular endothelial cells. Placenta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Carvajal L, Cantin C, Fuenzalida B, Contreras-Duarte S, Sobrevia L, Leiva A. Maternal supraphysiological dyslipidemia in pregnancy worse vascular response of umbilical vein rings from gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Contreras-Duarte S, Carvajal L, Cantin C, Fuenzalida B, Sobrevia L, Leiva A. Prevalence of maternal supraphysiological dyslipidemia in a group of Chilean pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fuenzalida B, Sobrevia B, Cantin C, Carvajal L, Contreras-Duarte S, Sobrevia L, Leiva A. Human maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia leads to endothelial dysfunction of the placental microvasculature. Placenta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cantin C, Carvajal L, Fuenzalida B, Contreras-Duarte S, Sobrevia L, Leiva A. Modulation of the placental HDL and LDL cholesterol uptake by the maternal lipids level in human trophoblast. Placenta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Okoye-Okafor UC, Bartholdy B, Cartier J, Gao E, Pietrak B, Rendina AR, Rominger C, Quinn C, Smallwood A, Wiggall K, Reif A, Schmidt S, Qi H, Zhao H, Joberty G, Faelth-Savitski M, Bantscheff M, Drewes G, Duraiswami C, Brady P, Narayanagari SR, Antony-Debre I, Mitchell K, Wang HR, Kao YR, Christopeit M, Carvajal L, Barreyro L, Paietta E, Will B, Concha N, Adams ND, Schwartz B, McCabe MT, Maciejewski J, Verma A, Steidl U. Abstract C38: Novel allosteric IDH1 mutant Inhibitors for differentiation therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Cancer Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-15-c38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene are known driver mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other cancer types. AML is hallmarked by a differentiation block and patient outcomes remain poor, especially for patients above 60 years of age who typically do not tolerate high dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, leading to cure rates below 20%. Hence the development of novel targeted therapies for treatment of AML subtypes are required. Of note, inhibitors of mutants of the closely related IDH2 gene as well as IDH1 have recently been described and show promising pre-clinical and early phase clinical activity. However, the specific molecular and functional effects of IDH1 inhibitors in AML, including in primary patients' cells, have not been reported yet.
Here, we report the development of novel allosteric inhibitors of mutant IDH1 for differentiation therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. A high-throughput biochemical screen targeting an IDH1 heterodimer composed of R132H and WT IDH1 led to the identification of a tetrahydropyrazolopyridine series of inhibitors. Structural and biochemical analyses revealed that these novel compounds bind to an allosteric site that does not contact any of the mutant residues in the enzymes active site and inhibit enzymatic turnover. The enzyme complex locked in the catalytically inactive conformation inhibits the production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). In biochemical studies, we observed potent inhibition of several different clinically relevant R132 mutants in the presence or absence of the cofactor NADPH, accompanied by significant decrease in H3K9me2 levels.
Treatment of primary IDH1 mutant AML patients' cells ex vivo uniformly led to a decrease in intracellular 2-HG, abrogation of the myeloid differentiation block, increased cell death and induction of differentiation both at the level of leukemic blasts and immature stem-like cells. Allosteric inhibition of IDH1 also led to a decrease in leukemic blasts in an in vivo xenotransplantation model. At the molecular level, enhanced reduced representation bisulfite sequencing showed that treatment with allosteric IDH1 inhibitors led to a significant reversal of the DNA cytosine hypermethylation pattern induced by mutant IDH1, accompanied by gene expression changes of key sets of genes and pathways, including “Cell Cycle”, “G1/S transition”, “Cellular growth and proliferation”, and “Cell death and survival”.
Taken together, our findings provide novel insight into the effects of inhibition of mutant IDH1 in primary AML patients' cells and open avenues for future investigations with these and other novel allosteric inhibitors for targeting IDH1 mutants in leukemia and possibly in other cancers.
Citation Format: Ujunwa C. Okoye-Okafor, Boris Bartholdy, Jessy Cartier, Enoch Gao, Beth Pietrak, Alan R. Rendina, Cynthia Rominger, Chad Quinn, Angela Smallwood, Ken Wiggall, Alexander Reif, Stan Schmidt, Hongwei Qi, Huizhen Zhao, Gerard Joberty, Maria Faelth-Savitski, Marcus Bantscheff, Gerard Drewes, Chaya Duraiswami, Pat Brady, Swathi-Rao Narayanagari, Ileana Antony-Debre, Kelly Mitchell, Heng Rui Wang, Yun-Ruei Kao, Maximilian Christopeit, Luis Carvajal, Laura Barreyro, Elisabeth Paietta, Britta Will, Nestor Concha, Nicholas D. Adams, Benjamin Schwartz, Michael T. McCabe, Jaroslav Maciejewski, Amit Verma, Ulrich Steidl. Novel allosteric IDH1 mutant Inhibitors for differentiation therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C38.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Enoch Gao
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Beth Pietrak
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Alan R. Rendina
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Cynthia Rominger
- 3Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Chad Quinn
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Angela Smallwood
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Ken Wiggall
- 3Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Alexander Reif
- 3Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Stan Schmidt
- 3Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Hongwei Qi
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Huizhen Zhao
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Gerard Joberty
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | | | - Marcus Bantscheff
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Gerard Drewes
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Chaya Duraiswami
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Pat Brady
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Britta Will
- 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Nestor Concha
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Nicholas D. Adams
- 3Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Benjamin Schwartz
- 2Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | - Michael T. McCabe
- 3Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA
| | | | - Amit Verma
- 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Okoye-Okafor UC, Bartholdy B, Cartier J, Gao EN, Pietrak B, Rendina AR, Rominger C, Quinn C, Smallwood A, Wiggall KJ, Reif AJ, Schmidt SJ, Qi H, Zhao H, Joberty G, Faelth-Savitski M, Bantscheff M, Drewes G, Duraiswami C, Brady P, Groy A, Narayanagari SR, Antony-Debre I, Mitchell K, Wang HR, Kao YR, Christopeit M, Carvajal L, Barreyro L, Paietta E, Makishima H, Will B, Concha N, Adams ND, Schwartz B, McCabe MT, Maciejewski J, Verma A, Steidl U. New IDH1 mutant inhibitors for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Chem Biol 2015; 11:878-86. [PMID: 26436839 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neomorphic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are driver mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other cancers. We report the development of new allosteric inhibitors of mutant IDH1. Crystallographic and biochemical results demonstrated that compounds of this chemical series bind to an allosteric site and lock the enzyme in a catalytically inactive conformation, thereby enabling inhibition of different clinically relevant IDH1 mutants. Treatment of IDH1 mutant primary AML cells uniformly led to a decrease in intracellular 2-HG, abrogation of the myeloid differentiation block and induction of granulocytic differentiation at the level of leukemic blasts and more immature stem-like cells, in vitro and in vivo. Molecularly, treatment with the inhibitors led to a reversal of the DNA cytosine hypermethylation patterns caused by mutant IDH1 in the cells of individuals with AML. Our study provides proof of concept for the molecular and biological activity of novel allosteric inhibitors for targeting different mutant forms of IDH1 in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujunwa C Okoye-Okafor
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Boris Bartholdy
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jessy Cartier
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Enoch N Gao
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beth Pietrak
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alan R Rendina
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cynthia Rominger
- Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chad Quinn
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Angela Smallwood
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kenneth J Wiggall
- Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander J Reif
- Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stanley J Schmidt
- Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hongwei Qi
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Huizhen Zhao
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Maria Faelth-Savitski
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Chaya Duraiswami
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pat Brady
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arthur Groy
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Iléana Antony-Debre
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kelly Mitchell
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Heng Rui Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yun-Ruei Kao
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Luis Carvajal
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Laura Barreyro
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Elisabeth Paietta
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine / Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Hideki Makishima
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nestor Concha
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas D Adams
- Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Schwartz
- Department of Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael T McCabe
- Cancer Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Amit Verma
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine / Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Developmental &Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine / Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.,Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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16
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Herzberg I, Jasinska A, García J, Jawaheer D, Service S, Kremeyer B, Duque C, Parra MV, Vega J, Ortiz D, Carvajal L, Polanco G, Restrepo GJ, López C, Palacio C, Levinson M, Aldana I, Mathews C, Davanzo P, Molina J, Fournier E, Bejarano J, Ramírez M, Ortiz CA, Araya X, Sabatti C, Reus V, Macaya G, Bedoya G, Ospina J, Freimer N, Ruiz-Linares A. Convergent linkage evidence from two Latin-American population isolates supports the presence of a susceptibility locus for bipolar disorder in 5q31-34. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15:3146-53. [PMID: 16984960 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddl254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed a whole genome microsatellite marker scan in six multiplex families with bipolar (BP) mood disorder ascertained in Antioquia, a historically isolated population from North West Colombia. These families were characterized clinically using the approach employed in independent ongoing studies of BP in the closely related population of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. The most consistent linkage results from parametric and non-parametric analyses of the Colombian scan involved markers on 5q31-33, a region implicated by the previous studies of BP in Costa Rica. Because of these concordant results, a follow-up study with additional markers was undertaken in an expanded set of Colombian and Costa Rican families; this provided a genome-wide significant evidence of linkage of BPI to a candidate region of approximately 10 cM in 5q31-33 (maximum non-parametric linkage score=4.395, P<0.00004). Interestingly, this region has been implicated in several previous genetic studies of schizophrenia and psychosis, including disease association with variants of the enthoprotin and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibi Herzberg
- Galton Laboratory, Department of Biology, University College London, Wolfson House, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, UK
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17
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Bedoya G, Montoya P, García J, Soto I, Bourgeois S, Carvajal L, Labuda D, Alvarez V, Ospina J, Hedrick PW, Ruiz-Linares A. Admixture dynamics in Hispanics: a shift in the nuclear genetic ancestry of a South American population isolate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:7234-9. [PMID: 16648268 PMCID: PMC1464326 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0508716103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is well established that Hispanics generally have a mixed Native American, African, and European ancestry, the dynamics of admixture at the foundation of Hispanic populations is heterogeneous and poorly documented. Genetic analyses are potentially very informative for probing the early demographic history of these populations. Here we evaluate the genetic structure and admixture dynamics of a province in northwest Colombia (Antioquia), which prior analyses indicate was founded mostly by Spanish men and native women. We examined surname, Y chromosome, and mtDNA diversity in a geographically structured sample of the region and obtained admixture estimates with highly informative autosomal and X chromosome markers. We found evidence of reduced surname diversity and support for the introduction of several common surnames by single founders, consistent with the isolation of Antioquia after the colonial period. Y chromosome and mtDNA data indicate little population substructure among founder Antioquian municipalities. Interestingly, despite a nearly complete Native American mtDNA background, Antioquia has a markedly predominant European ancestry at the autosomal and X chromosome level, which suggests that, after foundation, continuing admixture with Spanish men (but not with native women) increased the European nuclear ancestry of Antioquia. This scenario is consistent with historical information and with results from population genetics theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jenny García
- Psiquiatria, Universidad de Antioquia, Apartado Aéreo 1226, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ivan Soto
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular and Departamentos de
| | | | - Luis Carvajal
- The Galton Laboratory, Department of Biology, University College London, London NW1 2HE, United Kingdom; and
| | - Damian Labuda
- Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | | | - Jorge Ospina
- Psiquiatria, Universidad de Antioquia, Apartado Aéreo 1226, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular and Departamentos de
- The Galton Laboratory, Department of Biology, University College London, London NW1 2HE, United Kingdom; and
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
Department of Biology, Wolfson House, University College London, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, United Kingdom. E-mail:
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18
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Troncoso N, Sierra H, Carvajal L, Delpiano P, Günther G. Fast high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet–visible quantification of principal phenolic antioxidants in fresh rosemary. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1100:20-5. [PMID: 16330281 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2005] [Revised: 08/30/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An improved HPLC method is reported for the determination of rosemary's principal phenolic antioxidants, rosmarinic and carnosic acids, providing a fast and simultaneous determination for both of them by using a solid phase column. The analysis was performed with fresh methanolic extractions of Rosmarinus officinalis. To quantify the amount of antioxidants in a fast and reproducible way by means of UV-vis absorption measurements, a spectrophotometric multi-wavelength calibration curve was constructed based on the antioxidant contents obtained with the recently developed HPLC method. This UV-vis methodology can be extended to the determination of other compounds and herbs if the restrictions mentioned in the text are respected.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Troncoso
- Fundación Chile, Area Agroindustria, Parque Rabat 6165 Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
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19
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Murphy K, Carvajal L, Medico L, Pepling M. Expression of Stat3 in germ cells of developing and adult mouse ovaries and testes. Gene Expr Patterns 2005; 5:475-82. [PMID: 15749075 DOI: 10.1016/j.modgep.2004.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2004] [Revised: 12/15/2004] [Accepted: 12/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stat) family of proteins plays diverse roles during differentiation in many tissues. Stat3 is an essential mammalian gene, critical during embryonic development. In mammals, Stat3 is differentially distributed in the cytoplasm of mature oocytes and in preimplantation embryos suggesting that Stat3 may be involved in determination of polarity. Here, we report that Stat3 protein is expressed in the cytoplasm of oocytes from primordial, primary and secondary follicles in the adult ovary and in developing acrosomes of round spermatids in the adult testis. Stat3 is also expressed in gonocytes, prospermatogonia, oogonia and oocytes of embryonic and neonatal gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Murphy
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 130 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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20
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Saka HA, Egea M, Culasso C, Rollán R, Avaro A, Carvajal L. [Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated at the Cordoba Children's Hospital, Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2003; 35:1-7. [PMID: 12833674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated at the "Hospital de Niños de Córdoba". The strains were collected from inpatients between January 1996 and July 2000. A total of 150 ESBL producer isolates were detected. During 1996 the prevalence of ESBL producer K. pneumoniae was 20%, but since 1998 the values have increased to approximately 60%. Phenotypic analysis such as isoelectric point (pl) and antibiotyping performed in 32 randomly selected isolates showed two different enzyme profiles: 81% had ESBL with pl = 7.9 and preferential activity against cefotaxime, while 19% showed ESBL with pl = 5.4 and preferential activity against ceftazidime. No isolates resistant to imipenem or ciprofloxacin were detected. Susceptibility to other antimicrobial agents varied, but resistance to gentamicin was strongly associated with ESBL producer isolates. Resistance determinants could be transferred to Escherichia coli by conjugation assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Saka
- Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Ferroviarios y Bajada Pucará, Cátedra de Bacteriología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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21
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Culasso C, Carvajal L, Paolucci R, Ceballos A, Paredes M. [Streptococcus pneumoniae: evolution of antibiotic resistance in a pediatric hospital in Córdoba, Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2001; 33:149-54. [PMID: 11594005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide variety of prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in different countries confirms the importance of determining local patterns of resistance. From 1992 to 2000, we studied the pattern of antimicrobial resistance in S. pneumoniae and its evolution along the years, using 468 strains isolated in the Hospital de Niños de Córdoba. A total of 177 isolates (37.8%) were not susceptible to penicillin, with 19% intermediate and 18.8% resistant strains. High and intermediate resistance levels to cefotaxime were 4.9% and 10.9%, respectively. Decreased susceptibility to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMS), erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and rifampin was found in 194 isolates (41.5%), 32 (6.8%), 13 (2.8%) and 3 (0.6%), respectively. No isolates resistant to vancomycin were detected. The most commonly combined resistance patterns were: penicillin/TMS (35.6%) and penicillin/TMS/cefotaxime (11.8%). This study highlights the increased rate of drug resistant S. pneumoniae during the last years, and the importance of antimicrobial resistance surveillance of adequate empirical therapy involving local and regional susceptibility patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Culasso
- Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Guido Spano y Bajada Pucará, Barrio Crisol, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
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22
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Durán M, Avellán F, Carvajal L. [Dilated cardiomyopathy in the ectodermal dysplasia. Electro-echocardiographic observations in palmo-plantar keratoderma with woolly hair]. Rev Esp Cardiol 2000; 53:1296-300. [PMID: 10978243 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-8932(00)75233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Familial palmoplantar keratosis has not been associated with cardiac abnormalities, however, when this ectodermal dysplasia included hair shaft dystrophy a close association with cardiomyopathy was noted. We report here three family with six members in whom palmoplantar keratoderma with woolly hair and cardiac lesions was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Durán
- Departamento de Cardiología. Hospital de Niños Alejandro Mann. Guayaquil. Ecuador
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23
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Suárez ME, Carvajal L, Culasso C, Paredes M. [Antimicrobial resistance of Shigella spp. in Córdoba, Argentina, during the period 1990-1997]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2000; 7:113-7. [PMID: 10748662 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892000000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in 771 isolates of Shigella spp. obtained from a total of 9,195 feces cultures done between 1990 and 1997 in a children's hospital in Córdoba, Argentina. S. flexneri, which was responsible for 73% of the Shigella infections, was the species with the greatest resistance. The frequency of S. flexneri resistance to the three antibiotics most used (ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol) increased from 10% in 1990 to 58% in 1997 (P < 0.001). Considering each of the drugs individually, the resistance to ampicillin increased from 60% to 100% (P < 0.001), the resistance to chloramphenicol from 13% to 71% (P < 0.001), and the resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole from 79% to 84% (P = 0.22). For S. sonnei, the increase in resistance to ampicillin (from 36% in 1990 to 54% in 1997) was not statistically significant (P = 0.20), nor was the reduction in resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which went from 82% in 1990 to 55% in 1997 (P = 0.08). Only two S. sonnei isolates were found that were resistant to chloramphenicol, one in 1995 and another in 1997; two S. sonnei isolates were found with resistance to all three antibiotics. We consider it essential to carry out susceptibility tests of each Shigella clinical isolate, to detect changes in the resistance profile and thus modify empiric treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Suárez
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Hospital de Niños, Córdoba, Argentina
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24
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Wald LL, Carvajal L, Moyher SE, Nelson SJ, Grant PE, Barkovich AJ, Vigneron DB. Phased array detectors and an automated intensity-correction algorithm for high-resolution MR imaging of the human brain. Magn Reson Med 1995; 34:433-9. [PMID: 7500883 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910340321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Two- and four-coil phased array detectors were developed to increase the sensitivity and resolution of MR imaging of the human brain cortex, especially for detecting cortical dysplasias in pediatric epilepsy patients. An automated intensity correction algorithm based on an edge-completed, low-pass filtered image was used to correct the image intensity for the inhomogenous reception profile of the coils. Seven phased array coils were constructed and tested. The sensitivity of these coils was up to 600% higher at the surface of the cortex than that achieved with a conventional head coil and up to 30% greater at the center of the head. The sensitivity obtained was comparable with that of a conventional small surface coil, but extended over the larger dimensions of the array and previously inaccessible areas such as the top of the head. The advantages of the improved sensitivity are demonstrated with high resolution images of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Wald
- Magnetic Resonance Science Center, University of California at San Francisco 94143-1290, USA
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25
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Murphy-Boesch J, Srinivasan R, Carvajal L, Brown TR. Two configurations of the four-ring birdcage coil for 1H imaging and 1H-decoupled 31P spectroscopy of the human head. J Magn Reson B 1994; 103:103-14. [PMID: 8137076 DOI: 10.1006/jmrb.1994.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The four-ring birdcage resonator, a new class of dual-tuned birdcage resonators, is described. We report two configurations of the coil: the low-pass, high-pass (LP-HP) and the low-pass, low-pass (LP-LP), both of which can be operated in dual quadrature mode at 1.5 T. As head coils, both configurations exhibit greatly reduced tuning interactions between frequencies, permitting rapid, noniterative tuning. Compared with single-tuned, two-ring birdcage resonators of similar volume, the sensitivity and transmitter efficiencies of the resonators are better than 85% for the proton frequency and the same to within 5% for the phosphorus frequency. Circuit models have been developed to refine coil tuning and aid the calculation of B1 field contour plots. Both configurations have been used for integrated examinations involving acquisition of high-quality 1H images and 1H-decoupled 31P CSI spectra of the human head. A scaled-down version of the LP-LP configuration has been demonstrated for use with the human calf.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Murphy-Boesch
- Department of NMR and Medical Spectroscopy, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111
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26
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Itriago Pels LJ, Carvajal L, Garrido I, Méndez A, Bracho V. [Colorectal cancer. Experience in 120 patients]. G E N 1992; 46:29-33. [PMID: 1305114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The medical records of 120 patients with Colo-Rectal Cancer who were admitted between 1983 and 1990, were reviewed. The clinical, radiologic, epidemiologic, endoscopic and pathologic characteristic were analyzed in all the patients; also their follow up related to Age, CEA, Dukes and treatment. Late stage diagnosis (10.8% of the cases were diagnosed during obstructive episodes, and 48.3% of the cases were Dukes C and D) and the high mortality (34.1% of the patients died within the first year of the diagnosis), are still basic problems to be solved. The high percentage of patients less than 40 years old (25.8%) and the high incidence of rectal localization of the disease (49.1%), must prompt us to attempt to control the disease by means of colonic evaluation in young people with symptoms attributable to Hemorrhoids or Amebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Itriago Pels
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Instituto Oncológico Luis Razetti, Caracas
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27
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Jeneson JA, Taylor JS, Vigneron DB, Willard TS, Carvajal L, Nelson SJ, Murphy-Boesch J, Brown TR. 1H MR imaging of anatomical compartments within the finger flexor muscles of the human forearm. Magn Reson Med 1990; 15:491-6. [PMID: 2233228 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910150316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fast T2-weighted 1H MRI following exercise allows investigation of the location of muscle fiber activity within skeletal muscle. Using this method, we have demonstrated that the finger flexor muscles of the human forearm consist of anatomical compartments, located at various depths, which are involved individually in flexion of the index, middle, or ring and little fingers. The results of this study indicate that the exercise protocol in 31P MRS studies of the finger flexor muscles of the human forearm, in which a small surface coil is used for detection, should be carefully reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Jeneson
- University Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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28
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Carvajal L, Lazo RF, Paulson G, Fernández T. [Scabies in the tropical zone of Ecuador]. Rev Ecuat Hig Med Trop 1977; 30:277-83. [PMID: 755261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Terrazas G, Mirkin D, Carvajal L, Aldunate G, Vildósola C. [Bone neoplasms in children]. Rev Chil Pediatr 1976; 47:311-3. [PMID: 1052355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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