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Guerlavais V, Sawyer TK, Carvajal L, Chang YS, Graves B, Ren JG, Sutton D, Olson KA, Packman K, Darlak K, Elkin C, Feyfant E, Kesavan K, Gangurde P, Vassilev LT, Nash HM, Vukovic V, Aivado M, Annis DA. Discovery of Sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924), the First Cell-Permeating, Stabilized α-Helical Peptide in Clinical Development. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37439511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the discovery of sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924), the first cell-permeating, stabilized α-helical peptide to enter clinical trials. ALRN-6924 is a "stapled peptide" that mimics the N-terminal domain of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. It binds with high affinity to both MDM2 and MDMX (also known as MDM4), the endogenous inhibitors of p53, to activate p53 signaling in cells having a non-mutant, or wild-type TP53 genotype (TP53-WT). Iterative structure-activity optimization endowed ALRN-6924 with favorable cell permeability, solubility, and pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. Intracellular proteolysis of ALRN-6924 forms a long-acting active metabolite with potent MDM2 and MDMX binding affinity and slow dissociation kinetics. At high doses, ALRN-6924 exhibits on-mechanism anticancer activity in TP53-WT tumor models. At lower doses, ALRN-6924 transiently arrests the cell cycle in healthy tissues to protect them from chemotherapy without protecting the TP53-mutant cancer cells. These results support the continued clinical evaluation of ALRN-6924 as an anticancer and chemoprotection agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Guerlavais
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Tomi K Sawyer
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Luis Carvajal
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Yong S Chang
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Bradford Graves
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Jian-Guo Ren
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - David Sutton
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Karen A Olson
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Kathryn Packman
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Krzysztof Darlak
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Carl Elkin
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Eric Feyfant
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Kamala Kesavan
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Pranoti Gangurde
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Lyubomir T Vassilev
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Huw M Nash
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Vojislav Vukovic
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Manuel Aivado
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - D Allen Annis
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., 738 Main Street #398, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Zhang Z, Ren JG, Guo JL, An L, Li S, Zhang ZC, Chen Y, Liu H, Lei X. Effects of tai chi and qigong on rehabilitation after COVID-19: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059067. [PMID: 35338068 PMCID: PMC8960464 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is a public health emergency of international concern, which is characterised by rapid and widespread transmission, high mortality and complications. Several studies have shown the benefits of tai chi and qigong for recovery after COVID-19; however, no meta-analysis has been reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tai chi and/or qigong on rehabilitation after COVID-19 through a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a reference and basis for clinical application. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will use the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China Knowledge Network, China Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database and Wanfang Database. The time period is from the inception of the database to November 2021, with no language restrictions. Searches will be conducted using the subject terms "Taichi","Qigong" and "COVID-19" plus free-text words. Articles will be screened and collected by two reviewers independently. Included studies will be assessed for quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Statistical analyses will be performed using the Revman V.5.3 software. The primary outcomes include 1-second forced expiratory volume and 1-second forced vital capacity, oxygen saturation, total white cell count and quality of life score. Secondary outcomes include time to remission of major symptoms, incidence of adverse events, clinical cure rate and mortality. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will also be used to explore and interpret the heterogeneity. This protocol is written based on the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Protocol. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval and consent are unnecessary because no primary data will be collected. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021288962.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - J G Ren
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - J L Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin An
- Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Z C Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Pairawan S, Zhao M, Yuca E, Annis A, Evans K, Sutton D, Carvajal L, Ren JG, Santiago S, Guerlavais V, Akcakanat A, Tapia C, Yang F, Bose PSC, Zheng X, Dumbrava EI, Aivado M, Meric-Bernstam F. First in class dual MDM2/MDMX inhibitor ALRN-6924 enhances antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy in TP53 wild-type hormone receptor-positive breast cancer models. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:29. [PMID: 33663585 PMCID: PMC7934277 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MDM2/MDMX proteins are frequently elevated in hormone receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. We sought to determine the antitumor efficacy of the combination of ALRN-6924, a dual inhibitor of MDM2/MDMX, with chemotherapy in ER+ breast cancer models. METHODS Three hundred two cell lines representing multiple tumor types were screened to confirm the role of TP53 status in ALRN-6924 efficacy. ER+ breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and ZR-75-1) were used to investigate the antitumor efficacy of ALRN-6924 combination. In vitro cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis assays were performed. Xenograft tumor volumes were measured, and reverse-phase protein array (RPPA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and TUNEL assay of tumor tissues were performed to evaluate the in vivo pharmacodynamic effects of ALRN-6924 with paclitaxel. RESULTS ALRN-6924 was active in wild-type TP53 (WT-TP53) cancer cell lines, but not mutant TP53. On ER+ breast cancer cell lines, it was synergistic in vitro and had enhanced in vivo antitumor activity with both paclitaxel and eribulin. Flow cytometry revealed signs of mitotic crisis in all treatment groups; however, S phase was only decreased in MCF-7 single agent and combinatorial ALRN-6924 arms. RPPA and IHC demonstrated an increase in p21 expression in both combinatorial and single agent ALRN-6924 in vivo treatment groups. Apoptotic assays revealed a significantly enhanced in vivo apoptotic rate in ALRN-6924 combined with paclitaxel treatment arm compared to either single agent. CONCLUSION The significant synergy observed with ALRN-6924 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents supports further evaluation in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Pairawan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Erkan Yuca
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Kurt Evans
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Argun Akcakanat
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Coya Tapia
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Present address: Epizyme Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priya Subash Chandra Bose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ecaterina Ileana Dumbrava
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ren JG, Li DY, Wang CF, Wu JH, Wang Y, Sun YJ, Zhang Q, Wang YY, Chang XJ. Positive RT-PCR in urine from an asymptomatic patient with novel coronavirus 2019 infection: a case report. Infect Dis (Lond) 2020; 52:571-574. [PMID: 32420777 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2020.1766105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: With the emergence of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in many countries, medical resources currently focus on the treatment of confirmed patients and screening of suspected cases. Asymptomatic patients may be contagious, which makes epidemic control difficult. We describe an asymptomatic patient with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test in urine.Case report: An asymptomatic girl was identified during the epidemiological investigation of a confirmed COVID-19 patient. When admitted to the hospital on 24 February 2020, she had no clinical manifestations. A throat swab was negative for RT-PCR, but urine was positive. She was given antiviral and symptomatic supportive treatment. On 26 February, a throat swab RT-PCR was positive. RT-PCR in throat swabs and urine were negative on 3 and 5 March, and on 9 and 12 March, throat swabs were still negative. At follow-up on 26 March, she felt well, throat swab RT-PCR was negative, and isolation was lifted.Conclusion: The urine of asymptomatic patients may be contagious. RT-PCR in urine might be a useful supplement in screening when the RT-PCR is negative in throat swabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Dong-Yan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chang-Fei Wang
- Department of Information, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Yu-Jing Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Yao-Yong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
| | - Xin-Jian Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics Laboratory, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, China
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Dougherty PG, Wen J, Pan X, Koley A, Ren JG, Sahni A, Basu R, Salim H, Appiah Kubi G, Qian Z, Pei D. Enhancing the Cell Permeability of Stapled Peptides with a Cyclic Cell-Penetrating Peptide. J Med Chem 2019; 62:10098-10107. [PMID: 31657556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stapled peptides recapitulate the binding affinity and specificity of α-helices in proteins, resist proteolytic degradation, and may provide a novel modality against challenging drug targets such as protein-protein interactions. However, most of the stapled peptides have limited cell permeability or are impermeable to the cell membrane. We show herein that stapled peptides can be rendered highly cell-permeable by conjugating a cyclic cell-penetrating peptide to their N-terminus, C-terminus, or stapling unit. Application of this strategy to two previously reported membrane-impermeable peptidyl inhibitors against the MDM2/p53 and β-catenin/TCF interactions resulted in the generation of potent proof-of-concept antiproliferative agents against key therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Dougherty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States.,Entrada Therapeutics Inc. , 50 Northern Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Amritendu Koley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Jian-Guo Ren
- Entrada Therapeutics Inc. , 50 Northern Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
| | - Ashweta Sahni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Ruchira Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Heba Salim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - George Appiah Kubi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Ziqing Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States.,Entrada Therapeutics Inc. , 50 Northern Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02210 , United States
| | - Dehua Pei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
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Ren JG, Seth P, Ye H, Guo K, Hanai JI, Husain Z, Sukhatme VP. Citrate Suppresses Tumor Growth in Multiple Models through Inhibition of Glycolysis, the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the IGF-1R Pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4537. [PMID: 28674429 PMCID: PMC5495754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we have tested the efficacy of citrate therapy in various cancer models. We found that citrate administration inhibited A549 lung cancer growth and additional benefit accrued in combination with cisplatin. Interestingly, citrate regressed Ras-driven lung tumors. Further studies indicated that citrate induced tumor cell differentiation. Additionally, citrate treated tumor samples showed significantly higher infiltrating T-cells and increased blood levels of numerous cytokines. Moreover, we found that citrate inhibited IGF-1R phosphorylation. In vitro studies suggested that citrate treatment inhibited AKT phosphorylation, activated PTEN and increased expression of p-eIF2a. We also found that p-eIF2a was decreased when PTEN was depleted. These data suggest that citrate acts on the IGF-1R-AKT-PTEN-eIF2a pathway. Additionally, metabolic profiling suggested that both glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were suppressed in a similar manner in vitro in tumor cells and in vivo but only in tumor tissue. We reproduced many of these observations in an inducible Her2/Neu-driven breast cancer model and in syngeneic pancreatic tumor (Pan02) xenografts. Our data suggests that citrate can inhibit tumor growth in diverse tumor types and via multiple mechanisms. Dietary supplementation with citrate may be beneficial as a cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Pankaj Seth
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Huihui Ye
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kun Guo
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun-Ichi Hanai
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Zaheed Husain
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Ren JG, Zhang W, Liu B, Man QW, Xiong XP, Li C, Zhu JY, Wang WM, Jia J, Sun ZJ, Zhang WF, Chen G, Zhao YF. Clinical Significance and Roles in Angiogenesis of Circulating Microparticles in Oral Cancer. J Dent Res 2016; 95:860-7. [PMID: 27013642 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516641037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent study established the increased circulating microparticles (MPs) and their procoagulant activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present study, we further evaluated different phenotypes of circulating MPs in OSCC patients and explored their clinical significance and effects on angiogenesis (a critical event in tumor progression). To conduct the study, circulating MPs in 45 OSCC patients and 18 healthy volunteers were characterized and quantified by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Correlations between circulating MPs and clinicopathologic data, microvessel density, and proangiogenic factor levels in patients with OSCC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Spearman rank correlation test. Additionally, the in vitro studies were performed with use of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Our results showed that the levels of circulating MPs as well as the subsets of platelet-derived, endothelium-derived, and pan-leukocyte MPs in stages III to IV OSCC were significantly higher than stages I to II and healthy subjects. Moreover, these increased circulating MPs were significantly correlated with tumor size, TNM stages, microvessel density, and expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) in OSCC patients. The in vitro studies revealed that circulating MPs isolated from OSCC patients could be effectively taken up by human umbilical vein endothelial cells and could promote the proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation of recipient endothelial cells, accompanied by increased expression of proangiogenic factors. In summary, circulating MPs play important roles in angiogenesis and local tumor progression of OSCC. Our results shed new light on the progression of OSCC and might be helpful to explore novel treatment strategies targeting tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Q W Man
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X P Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - C Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Y Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W M Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Z J Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W F Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - G Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y F Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Huang M, Zhang Y, Wang C, Ren JG, Wu QH, Li QB. Growth of graphene films on Cu catalyst in hydrogen plasma using polymethylmethacrylate as carbon source. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Ren JG, Man QW, Zhang W, Li C, Xiong XP, Zhu JY, Wang WM, Sun ZJ, Jia J, Zhang WF, Zhao YF, Chen G, Liu B. Elevated Level of Circulating Platelet-derived Microparticles in Oral Cancer. J Dent Res 2015; 95:87-93. [PMID: 26124218 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515592593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that circulating microparticles (MPs) play important roles in a variety of diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes), but the association between circulating MPs and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, the circulating platelet-derived MPs (PMPs) in 63 patients with OSCC, 22 patients with infected keratocystic odontogenic tumor, and 31 healthy volunteers were characterized and quantified by flow cytometric analysis. The coagulation function of patients with OSCC was correspondingly evaluated. Meanwhile, the inflammation-related cytokines were detected in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that the plasma level of circulating PMPs was significantly higher in OSCC patients compared with healthy volunteers and patients with infected keratocystic odontogenic tumor, and they showed positive correlation with the increased level of fibrinogen. Moreover, the coagulation time was significantly shorter after the MPs were added to the MP-free plasma. Most important, the levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α in plasma and tumor tissues were significantly increased in OSCC patients, which were closely correlated with the elevated level of circulating PMPs. In summary, this study suggests that the elevated level of circulating PMPs, showing close correlation with the secretion of inflammation-related factors, may contribute to the increased procoagulant activity in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Q W Man
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - C Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X P Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Y Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W M Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Z J Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W F Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y F Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - G Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science; Quanzhou Normal University; Quanzhou 362000 China
| | - Miao-Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science; Quanzhou Normal University; Quanzhou 362000 China
| | - Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science; Quanzhou Normal University; Quanzhou 362000 China
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films and Department of Physics and Materials Science; City University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Qi-Hui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science; Quanzhou Normal University; Quanzhou 362000 China
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11
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Wu QH, Qu B, Tang J, Wang C, Wang D, Li Y, Ren JG. An Alumina-Coated Fe3O4-Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Electrode as a Stable Anode for Lithium-ion Battery. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Liu WJ, Ren JG, Li T, Yu GZ, Zhang J, Li CS, Liu ZS, Liu QY. 5-Aza-2<-deoxycytidine induces hepatoma cell apoptosis via enhancing methionine adenosyltransferase 1A expression and inducing S-adenosylmethionine production. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:6433-8. [PMID: 24377546 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In hepatocellular cancer (HCC), lack of response to chemotherapy and radiation treatment can be caused by a loss of epigenetic modifications of cancer cells. Methionine adenosyltransferase 1A is inactivated in HCC and may be stimulated by an epigenetic change involving promoter hypermethylation. Therefore, drugs releasing epigenetic repression have been proposed to reverse this process. We studied the effect of the demethylating reagent 5-aza-2<-deoxycitidine (5-Aza-CdR) on MAT1A gene expression, DNA methylation and S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) production in the HCC cell line Huh7. We found that MAT1A mRNA and protein expression were activated in Huh7 cells with the treatment of 5-Aza-CdR; the status of promoter hypermethylation was reversed. At the same time, MAT2A mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced in Huh7 cells treated with 5-Aza-CdR, while SAMe production was significantly induced. However, 5-Aza-CdR showed no effects on MAT2A methylation. Furthermore, 5-Aza-CdR inhibited the growth of Huh7 cells and induced apoptosis and through down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of Bax and caspase-3. Our observations suggest that 5-Aza- CdR exerts its anti-tumor effects in Huh7 cells through an epigenetic change involving increased expression of the methionine adenosyltransferase 1A gene and induction of S-adenosylmethionine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China E-mail : lqy@whu. edu.cn,
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Xie H, Hanai JI, Ren JG, Kats L, Burgess K, Bhargava P, Signoretti S, Billiard J, Duffy KJ, Grant A, Wang X, Lorkiewicz PK, Schatzman S, Bousamra M, Lane AN, Higashi RM, Fan TWM, Pandolfi PP, Sukhatme VP, Seth P. Targeting lactate dehydrogenase--a inhibits tumorigenesis and tumor progression in mouse models of lung cancer and impacts tumor-initiating cells. Cell Metab 2014; 19:795-809. [PMID: 24726384 PMCID: PMC4096909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A) enzyme catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate, is upregulated in human cancers, and is associated with aggressive tumor outcomes. Here we use an inducible murine model and demonstrate that inactivation of LDH-A in mouse models of NSCLC driven by oncogenic K-RAS or EGFR leads to decreased tumorigenesis and disease regression in established tumors. We also show that abrogation of LDH-A results in reprogramming of pyruvate metabolism, with decreased lactic fermentation in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. This was accompanied by reactivation of mitochondrial function in vitro, but not in vivo or ex vivo. Finally, using a specific small molecule LDH-A inhibitor, we demonstrated that LDH-A is essential for cancer-initiating cell survival and proliferation. Thus, LDH-A can be a viable therapeutic target for NSCLC, including cancer stem cell-dependent drug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xie
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jun-Ichi Hanai
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jian-Guo Ren
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lev Kats
- Division of Genetics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kerri Burgess
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Parul Bhargava
- Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julia Billiard
- Cancer Metabolism DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Kevin J Duffy
- Cancer Metabolism DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Aaron Grant
- Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoen Wang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Bousamra
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40208, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics
| | | | - Teresa W M Fan
- Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics.
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Division of Genetics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pankaj Seth
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Ren JG, Wang C, Wu QH, Liu X, Yang Y, He L, Zhang W. A silicon nanowire-reduced graphene oxide composite as a high-performance lithium ion battery anode material. Nanoscale 2014; 6:3353-3360. [PMID: 24522297 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Toward the increasing demands of portable energy storage and electric vehicle applications, silicon has been emerging as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high specific capacity. However, serious pulverization of bulk silicon during cycling limits its cycle life. Herein, we report a novel hierarchical Si nanowire (Si NW)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite fabricated using a solvothermal method followed by a chemical vapor deposition process. In the composite, the uniform-sized [111]-oriented Si NWs are well dispersed on the rGO surface and in between rGO sheets. The flexible rGO enables us to maintain the structural integrity and to provide a continuous conductive network of the electrode, which results in over 100 cycles serving as an anode in half cells at a high lithium storage capacity of 2300 mA h g(-1). Due to its [111] growth direction and the large contact area with rGO, the Si NWs in the composite show substantially enhanced reaction kinetics compared with other Si NWs or Si particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
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Yang Y, Ren JG, Wang X, Chui YS, Wu QH, Chen X, Zhang W. Graphene encapsulated and SiC reinforced silicon nanowires as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. Nanoscale 2013; 5:8689-8694. [PMID: 23900559 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02788k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Anode materials play a key role in the performance, in particular the capacity and lifetime, of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Silicon has been demonstrated to be a promising anode material due to its high specific capacity, but pulverization during cycling and formation of an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase limit its cycle life. Herein, we show that anodes consisting of an active silicon nanowire (Si NW), which is surrounded by a uniform graphene shell and comprises silicon carbide nanocrystals, are capable of serving over 500 cycles in half cells at a high lithium storage capacity of 1650 mA h g(-1). In the anodes, the graphene shell provides a highly-conductive path and prevents direct exposure of Si NWs to electrolytes while the SiC nanocrystals may act as a rigid backbone to retain the integrity of the Si NW in its great deformation process caused by repetitive charging-discharging reactions, resulting in a stable cyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Yuan WJ, Chang BL, Ren JG, Liu JP, Bai FW, Li YY. Consolidated bioprocessing strategy for ethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers by Kluyveromyces marxianus under high gravity conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 112:38-44. [PMID: 21985089 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05171.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Developing an innovative process for ethanol fermentation from Jerusalem artichoke tubers under very high gravity (VHG) conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS A consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) strategy that integrated inulinase production, saccharification of inulin contained in Jerusalem artichoke tubers and ethanol production from sugars released from inulin by the enzyme was developed with the inulinase-producing yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus Y179 and fed-batch operation. The impact of inoculum age, aeration, the supplementation of pectinase and nutrients on the ethanol fermentation performance of the CBP system was studied. Although inulinase activities increased with the extension of the seed incubation time, its contribution to ethanol production was negligible because vigorously growing yeast cells harvested earlier carried out ethanol fermentation more efficiently. Thus, the overnight incubation that has been practised in ethanol production from starch-based feedstocks is recommended. Aeration facilitated the fermentation process, but compromised ethanol yield because of the negative Crabtree effect of the species, and increases the risk of contamination under industrial conditions. Therefore, nonaeration conditions are preferred for the CBP system. Pectinase supplementation reduced viscosity of the fermentation broth and improved ethanol production performance, particularly under high gravity conditions, but the enzyme cost should be carefully balanced. Medium optimization was performed, and ethanol concentration as high as 94·2 g l(-1) was achieved when 0·15 g l(-1) K(2) HPO(4) was supplemented, which presents a significant progress in ethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers. CONCLUSIONS A CBP system using K. marxianus is suitable for efficient ethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers under VHG conditions. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Jerusalem artichoke tubers are an alternative to grain-based feedstocks for ethanol production. The high ethanol concentration achieved using K. marxianus with the CBP system not only saves energy consumption for ethanol distillation, but also significantly reduces the amount of waste distillage discharged from the distillation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Yuan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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Ren JG, Seth P, Everett P, Clish CB, Sukhatme VP. Induction of erythroid differentiation in human erythroleukemia cells by depletion of malic enzyme 2. PLoS One 2010; 5. [PMID: 20824065 PMCID: PMC2932743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malic enzyme 2 (ME2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of malate to pyruvate and CO2 and uses NAD as a cofactor. Higher expression of this enzyme correlates with the degree of cell de-differentiation. We found that ME2 is expressed in K562 erythroleukemia cells, in which a number of agents have been found to induce differentiation either along the erythroid or the myeloid lineage. We found that knockdown of ME2 led to diminished proliferation of tumor cells and increased apoptosis in vitro. These findings were accompanied by differentiation of K562 cells along the erythroid lineage, as confirmed by staining for glycophorin A and hemoglobin production. ME2 knockdown also totally abolished growth of K562 cells in nude mice. Increased ROS levels, likely reflecting increased mitochondrial production, and a decreased NADPH/NADP+ ratio were noted but use of a free radical scavenger to decrease inhibition of ROS levels did not reverse the differentiation or apoptotic phenotype, suggesting that ROS production is not causally involved in the resultant phenotype. As might be expected, depletion of ME2 induced an increase in the NAD+/NADH ratio and ATP levels fell significantly. Inhibition of the malate-aspartate shuttle was insufficient to induce K562 differentiation. We also examined several intracellular signaling pathways and expression of transcription factors and intermediate filament proteins whose expression is known to be modulated during erythroid differentiation in K562 cells. We found that silencing of ME2 leads to phospho-ERK1/2 inhibition, phospho-AKT activation, increased GATA-1 expression and diminished vimentin expression. Metabolomic analysis, conducted to gain insight into intermediary metabolic pathways that ME2 knockdown might affect, showed that ME2 depletion resulted in high orotate levels, suggesting potential impairment of pyrimidine metabolism. Collectively our data point to ME2 as a potentially novel metabolic target for leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Pankaj Seth
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter Everett
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Metabolite Profiling Initiative, The Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vikas P. Sukhatme
- Divisions of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Hematology-Oncology and Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lu WB, Wang CX, Zhou XH, Ren JG. Synthesis, characterization of heterodinuclear Co-Cu complex and its electrocatalytic activity towards O2 reduction: Implications for cytochrome c oxidase active site modeling. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20030210916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
Ca(2+) and calmodulin modulate numerous cellular functions, ranging from muscle contraction to the cell cycle. Accumulating evidence indicates that Ca(2+) and calmodulin regulate the MAPK signaling pathway at multiple positions in the cascade, but the molecular mechanism underlying these observations is poorly defined. We previously documented that IQGAP1 is a scaffold in the MAPK cascade. IQGAP1 binds to and regulates the activities of ERK, MEK, and B-Raf. Here we demonstrate that IQGAP1 integrates Ca(2+) and calmodulin with B-Raf signaling. In vitro analysis reveals that Ca(2+) promotes the direct binding of IQGAP1 to B-Raf. This interaction is inhibited by calmodulin in a Ca(2+)-regulated manner. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is unable to stimulate B-Raf activity in fibroblasts treated with the Ca(2+) ionophore A23187. In contrast, chelation of intracellular free Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) significantly enhances EGF-stimulated B-Raf activity, an effect that is dependent on IQGAP1. Incubation of cells with EGF augments the association of B-Raf with IQGAP1. Moreover, Ca(2+) regulates the association of B-Raf with IQGAP1 in cells. Increasing [Ca(2+)](i) with Ca(2+) ionophores significantly reduces co-immunoprecipitation of B-Raf and IQGAP1, whereas chelation of Ca(2+) enhances the interaction. Consistent with these findings, increasing and decreasing [Ca(2+)](i) increase and decrease, respectively, co-immunoprecipitation of calmodulin with IQGAP1. Collectively, our data identify a previously unrecognized mechanism in which the scaffold protein IQGAP1 couples Ca(2+) and calmodulin signaling to B-Raf function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Abstract
IQGAP1 modulates several cellular functions, including cell-cell adhesion, transcription, cytoskeletal architecture, and selected signaling pathways. We previously documented that IQGAP1 binds ERK and MAPK kinase (MEK) and regulates EGF-stimulated MEK and ERK activity. Here we characterize the interaction between IQGAP1 and B-Raf, the molecule immediately upstream of MEK in the Ras/MAPK signaling cascade. B-Raf binds directly to IQGAP1 in vitro and coimmunoprecipitates with IQGAP1 from cell lysates. Importantly, IQGAP1 modulates B-Raf function. EGF is unable to stimulate B-Raf activity in IQGAP1-null cells and in cells transfected with an IQGAP1 mutant construct that is unable to bind B-Raf. Interestingly, binding to IQGAP1 significantly enhances B-Raf activity in vitro. Our data identify a previously unrecognized interaction between IQGAP1 and B-Raf and suggest that IQGAP1 is a scaffold necessary for activation of B-Raf by EGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David B. Sacks
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Wang SQ, Wang ZW, Yang LC, Dong JL, Chi CQ, Sui DN, Wang YZ, Ren JG, Hung MY, Jiang YY. A novel efficient route for preparation of chiral β-hydroxycarboxylic acid: Asymmetric hydration of unsaturated carboxylic acids catalyzed by heterobimetallic complex wool–palladium–cobalt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tan XY, Huang SL, Ren JG, Yan WH, Cen ZL. [Study on a bacterial strain Bt8 for biocontrol against citrus bacterial canker]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2006; 46:292-6. [PMID: 16736594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Citrus bacterial canker is an important disease of Citrus species in China. The disease severely occurs especially in the coastal area. Integrated control system has been used for the control of the disease, in which chemotherapy plays an important role at present. The chemotherapy-dominant control system brought many problems to the environment, such as chemical residua in the products and induction of resistance to fungicide(s) by the pathogen. To solve these problems, an intensive study on biocontrol of citrus bacterial canker is needed. Isolations and characterizations of biocontrol agents are the basis for biocontrol of the disease. A bacterial strain Bt8 with strong inhibiting ability against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vauterin, was isolated from citrus orchard soil in Nanning, China. The isolated bacterial strain was identified and characterized as Acinetobacter baumannii Bouvet et Grimont on the base of its morphology and 16S rDNA sequence analysis as well as physiological and biochemical characters. The inhibiting activity of the bacterium suspension against the pathogen was significantly influenced by environmental factors, such as temperatures, pHs and media. At temperatures of 18 degrees C to 33 degrees C, both the inhibiting activity of the bacterium suspension and the biomass of the bacterium increased with the increases of temperatures, suggesting that the influence of temperature on inhibiting activity of the bacterium suspension was in dependence on the bacterial biomass. In NA liquid medium of pH 10, the bacterium suspension showed the highest inhibiting activity against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, which was not in dependence on biomass of the bacterium. The bacterium suspension provided 55.2% inhibition against bacterial canker under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that Acinetobacter baumannii has potential as biocontrol agent against bacterial canker disease. Acinetobacter baumannii was reported as the pathogens infecting human and animals. The present study enriched the understanding on biological diversity in Acinetobacter baumannii to sciences. This is the first report on the isolation of Acinetobacter baumannii with strong inhibiting ability against plant pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Tan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
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Minato M, Ren JG, Kasai M, Munakata K, Ito T. Synthesis of molybdenocene(IV) and tungstenocene(IV) tropolonato complexes: Its derivative containing calix[4]arene moiety. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
The scaffolding protein IQGAP1 participates in numerous cellular functions by binding to target proteins such as actin, calmodulin, E-cadherin, beta-catenin, Cdc42, Rac1, and CLIP-170. IQGAP1 regulates the cytoskeleton, promotes cell motility, and modulates E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. However, how IQGAP1 exerts its functions in vivo is still unclear. In this study we investigate the self-association of IQGAP1 and its role in IQGAP1 function. Endogenous IQGAP1 co-immunoprecipitated from MCF-7 cells with IQGAP1 tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein, indicating that IQGAP1 self-associates in cells. In vitro assays confirmed that IQGAP1 can self-associate and that this effect is mediated by the N-terminal half of the protein. Gel filtration analysis suggested that full-length IQGAP1 exists as a combination of monomers, dimers, and larger oligomers. Analysis performed with multiple fragments of IQGAP1 narrowed the self-association region to amino acids 763-863. In support of this observation, a peptide comprising residues 763-863 disrupted self-association of full-length IQGAP1 in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, deleting this sequence from IQGAP1 abolished binding to full-length IQGAP1. In addition, the ability of IQGAP1 to increase the amount of active Cdc42 in cells is abrogated upon removal of this region. Consistent with these findings, transfection into cells of a peptide containing the self-association domain significantly reduced the amount of active Cdc42 in cell lysates. These observations define a sequence of IQGAP1 that is necessary for its oligomerization and demonstrate that self-association is required for the normal cellular function of IQGAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Lu WB, Zhou XH, Ren JG. Dicobalt diporphyrin complex with hyperfine EPR spectrum mediates only a two-electron reduction of O2. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2005.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multiple functional protein, coded by the serine proteinase inhibitor, clade F, member 1 (SERPINF1) gene, which has both anti-angiogenic activity and neurotrophic activity at the same time. Its antiangiogenic activity in the mammalian eye is the most potent known at this time. However, the mechanism(s) by which PEDF works in vivo is still uncertain. Some observations suggest that PEDF can simultaneously inhibit the migration and proliferation induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and then further inhibits angiogenesis by interacting with specific cell surface receptors, but no such receptor has been reported to date. Here we propose a hypothesis that PEDF exerts its function by binding with intergrins. Intergrin can therefore serve as the receptor of PEDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Pathology, Brighman and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Thorn 530, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Pan F, Ren JG, Zhou CW, Zhang ZY, Zhao JN, Zhou XR. Correlation of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/ thymidine phosphorylase and Cox-2 expression to angiogenesis and apoptosis in gastric carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:1268-1272. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i6.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship of the expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase (PD-ECGF/TP) and Cox-2 to angiogenesis and apoptosis in gastric carcinoma.
METHODS: The expression of PD-ECGF and Cox-2 and the microvascular density (MVD) level were examined by immunohistochemical staining, and apoptotic index (AI) was examined by flow cytometry in 67 cases of gastric carcinoma.
RESULTS: There was a close correlation between PD-ECGF expression and several clinicopathological factors including lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), histology (P < 0.05) and histological type (P < 0.05). The expression of Cox-2 was closely related to lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05); The expression of PD-ECGF or Cox-2 in gastric cancer tissues was positively correlated with MVD (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with AI (P < 0.01). Combined analysis of PD-ECGF and Cox-2 showed that tumors with positive expression of both factors had a significantly lower AI and a significantly higher MVD than tumors with negative expression of both factors (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Up-regulation of PD-ECGF and Cox-2 may facilitate tumor angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis in gastric carcinoma, indicating cooperation between PD-ECGF and Cox-2 in gastric cancer, and therefore promote tumor growth and metastasis.
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Liu H, Ren JG, Cooper WL, Hawkins CE, Cowan MR, Tong PY. Identification of the antivasopermeability effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor and its active site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:6605-10. [PMID: 15096582 PMCID: PMC404092 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0308342101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular permeability plays a key role in a wide array of life-threatening and sight-threatening diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor can increase vascular permeability. Using a model system for nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, we found that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) effectively abated vascular endothelial growth factor-induced vascular permeability. A 44-amino acid region of PEDF was sufficient to confer the antivasopermeability activity. Additionally, we identified four amino acids (glutamate-101, isoleucine-103, leucine-112, and serine-115) critical for this activity. PEDF, or a derivative, could potentially abate or restore vision loss from diabetic macular edema. Furthermore, PEDF may represent a superior therapeutic approach to sepsis-associated hypotension, nephrotic syndrome, and other sight-threatening and life-threatening diseases resulting from excessive vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287-8984, USA
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Ren JG, Zhu YC, Harn DA, Yu CX, Yin XR, Si J, He W, Xu M, Hua WQ, Xu YL. [Protective immunity induced by 23 kDa membrane protein DNA vaccine of Schistosoma japonicum Chinese strain in mice]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 19:336-9. [PMID: 12572063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop 23 kDa membrane protein DNA vaccine of Schistosoma japonicum Chinese strain and test its protective efficacy in infected C57BL/6 mice. METHODS The full length cDNA encoding SjC23 amplified from pUC19-SjC23 subcloned into pcDNA3.1. 48 female mice were divided into three groups: A, B and C. Group A (control group) was each immunized i.m. with 100 micrograms of pcDNA3.1; group B (SjC23 group) was each immunized i.m. with 100 micrograms of pcDNA3.1-SjC23; group C (SjC23 + IL-12) was each immunized i.m. with a mixture of 100 micrograms of pcDNA3.1-SjC23, 100 micrograms of pcDNA3.1-p35 and 100 micrograms of pcDNA-p40, followed by two boosts of the same DNA once every two weeks. All the mice were challenged with 45 cercariae at week 8, killed and perfused for worms at week 14. The expression of SjC23 and p35, p40 in muscle tissue was determined by immuno-histochemical method. By the culture of spleen cells, the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma after the stimulation of rSjC23-HD was determined two weeks before and after challenge. Anti-SjC23 antibodies were tested by Western blotting. RESULTS SjC23 and p35, p40 were all expressed on the membrane and in the plasma of muscle cells of the infected mice. Significant increase of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in SjC23 and SjC23 + IL-12 groups was observed before and after challenge. Western blotting showed that after the third immunization (before challenge) 8 out of 10 sera from SjC23 group and 9 out of 10 sera from SjC23 + IL-12 group were positive. The worm reduction rate in SjC23 group and SjC23 + IL-12 group was 26.9% and 35.4%, respectively; the number of eggs in liver tissue was reduced by 22.2% and 28.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION pcDNA3.1-SjC23 DNA vaccine could induce partial protection against Schistosoma japonicum in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064
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Ren JG, Xia HL, Tian YM, Just T, Cai GP, Dai YR. Expression of telomerase inhibits hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in normal telomerase negative human lung fibroblasts. FEBS Lett 2001; 488:133-8. [PMID: 11163759 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In tumor cells telomerase activity is associated with resistance to apoptosis and the introduction of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) subunit into normal human cells is associated with life span extension of the cells. To determine the role of telomerase in regulating apoptosis, telomerase negative human embryo lung fibroblasts were transfected with the hTERT gene. Unlike the control fibroblasts, the telomerase-expressing cells had elongated telomeres and were resistant to apoptosis induced by hydroxyl radicals. The results indicate that expression of telomerase and, thus, the maintenance of telomere length in normal human somatic cells caused resistance to not only cellular senescence but also apoptosis. Moreover, we found that hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in telomerase-expressing and control fibroblasts was caspase-3 independent. These findings have revealed a new type of interrelation between telomerase and caspase-3, which may indicate that in this case the expressed telomerase may inhibit apoptosis at a site not related to the caspase-3 cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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Ren JG, Xia HL, Just T, Dai YR. Hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells is associated with telomere shortening but not telomerase inhibition and caspase activation. FEBS Lett 2001; 488:123-32. [PMID: 11163758 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02377-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been found to trigger apoptosis in tumor cells. At the same time, telomerase is found to be associated with malignancy and reduced apoptosis. However little is known about the linkage between ROS such as *OH and telomerase/telomere. To address the interrelations between *OH and telomerase/telomere in tumor cell killing, HeLa, 293 and MW451 cells were induced to undergo apoptosis with *OH radicals generated via Fe(2+)-mediated Fenton reactions (0.1 mM FeSO(4) plus 0.3-0.9 mM H2O2) and telomerase activity, telomere length were measured during apoptosis. We found that during *OH-induced apoptosis, telomere shortening took place while no changes in telomerase activity were observed. Our results suggest that *OH-induced telomere shortening is not through telomerase inhibition but possibly a direct effect of *OH on telomeres themselves indicating that telomere shortening but not telomerase inhibition is the primary event during *OH-induced apoptosis. Strikingly, we also found that *OH-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells is caspase-3-independent but is associated with reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Our results indicate that *OH triggers apoptotic tumor cell death through a telomere-related, caspase-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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Ren JG, Zheng RL, Shi YM, Gong B, Li JF. Apoptosis, redifferentiation and arresting proliferation simultaneously triggered by oxidative stress in human hepatoma cells. Cell Biol Int 1998; 22:41-9. [PMID: 9828081 DOI: 10.1006/cbir.1998.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of oxidative stress (ascorbic acid-ferrous system) on the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of the human hepatoma cell SMMC-7721 were studied. Oxidative stress significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced morphological differentiation. Whatever the indices related with cell malignancy, such as alpha-fetoprotein and c-glutamyltranspeptidase or the index related with cell differentiation, such as tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase, all inclined evidently to normalization. The tumour's clonogenic potential decreased significantly. Moreover, together with differentiation, the phenomenon of apoptosis was found by the appearance of apoptotic bodies, detached cells, and apoptotic morphological feature. Although, their DNA was not degraded into oligonucleosomal fragmentation, the DNA was cut into larger fragments (about 21.2 kbp) of a size associated with chromatin loops. These findings indicated that oxidative stress can induce both differentiation and apoptosis simultaneously in tumour cells. All the results showed that oxidative stress may initiate the tumour cells reverse transformation. The possible mechanism of the differentiation and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress may be related to the lipid peroxidation of cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Agroecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
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Ren JG, Li JF, Zheng RL. [Effects of oxidative stress on the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in the human hepatoma cells]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1998; 31:273-82. [PMID: 12016972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The human hepatoma cells SMMC-7721 were treated with different concentrations of ascorbic acid (50-800 mumol/L) and FeSO4 (2.5-40 mumol/L) system to generate oxidative stress at various degrees. The oxidative stress induced by the system were mainly contributed to hydroxyl radical. All the various degrees of oxidative stress in this study are able to inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells. While low levels of oxidative stress may cause hepatoma cells lost some malignant features, such as aggregation of Con-A to the cell surface, alpha-fetoprotein, gamma-glutamyltransepeptidase and tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase, all of the 4 indices tended to cell differentiation, coloning efficiency potential decreased significantly, and apoptotic cells appeared. The numbers of apoptotic cells increased with the increasing of oxidative stress. The apoptotic cells exhibited non-adherent, smaller, chromatin condensed around the periphery of the nucleus in the shape of crescent, nuclear fragmentations but with intact cellular membrane, and DNA degraded to around 21.2 kbp fragment. All of the results showed that there is possibility to inhibit hepatoma cells growth, to promote differentiation and apoptosis, and therefore to initiate reverse transformation via strict regulation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ren
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Ren JG, Tomita H, Minato M, Ito T, Osakada K, Yamasaki M. Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions of Di-μ-hydroxo Dinuclear Complexes of Tungsten(IV) and Molybdenum(IV). Organometallics 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/om950609m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Ren
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 156 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240, Japan
| | - Hideshi Tomita
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 156 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240, Japan
| | - Makoto Minato
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 156 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 156 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226, Japan
| | - Mikio Yamasaki
- Rigaku Corporation, Matsubara-Cho, Akishima, Tokyo 196, Japan
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Minato M, Ren JG, Tomita H, Tokunaga T, Suzuki F, Igarashi T, Ito T. Preparation and some reactions of bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)hydrido(tosylato)-molybdenum and -tungsten. J Organomet Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(94)80115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ren JG, Tomita H, Minato M, Osakada K, Ito T. Syntheses, Structures, and Some Reactions of Di-μ-Hydroxo Dinuclear Complexes of Tungsten(IV) and Molybdenum(IV). CHEM LETT 1994. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1994.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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