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Badar SN, Sajid MS, Rizwan HM, Abbas H, Maqbool M, Malik MA, Nisar RHA, Rajput M, Shamim A, Akram Q, Naeem MA, Alvi MA, Iqbal Z, Hassan MA, Ghazanfer S, Iqbal Z. In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic response of the seeds of Amomum subulatum roxb and Vitex negundo. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e261768. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.261768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The current study was designed to check the anthelmintic activities of some local plants. Seeds of Amomum (A.) subulatum and Vitex (V.) negundo in different solvents were subjected to in vitro (adult motility assay; AMA and egg hatch assay; EHA) and in vivo (faecal egg count reduction test; FECRT) anthelmintic activity testing protocols using Haemonchus (H.) contortus as an experimental model. The results of AMA, EHA, and FECRT were statistically analysed through linear regression and Duncan multiple range test. In AMA test, at 50 mg mL-1 concentration, the percent mortality of H. contortus was higher in A. subulatum than V. negundo, whereas, in EHA test, A. subulatum was proven better ovicidal (LC50=14.2 µg mL-1) than V. negundo (LC50= 65.7405 µg mL-1). The FECRT also indicated the better efficacy of A. subulatum than V. negundo against natural infection of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites. The crude powder of plants used in this study showed 29.6% to 57.7% anthelmintic. The reduction rate was found higher for A. subulatum (3 g kg-1) as compared to V. negundo (7 g kg-1). Reagrding efficacy analysis of solvents used for plants extract, ethyl acetate and chloroform were found better in increasing ovicidal activity in adult worms (in vitro testing), whereas, the crude aqueous methanol was found better than the crude powders in in vivo testing. It will be beneficial to document the indigenous knowledge to standard scientific procedures for their validation. This study will help to motivate the farmers to make a better choice of cultivation of the indigenous plants because of their varying efficacies as an alternative preventive approach against the GI parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. N. Badar
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department (Production), Pakistan
| | - M. S. Sajid
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan; University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - H. M. Rizwan
- Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - H. Abbas
- Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - A. Shamim
- University of Poonch Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Q. Akram
- Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M. A. Naeem
- Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - Z. Iqbal
- Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M. A. Hassan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - Z. Iqbal
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
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Rizwan HM, Usman M, Naeem MA, Farid MU, Younus M, Sajid MS, Tahir UB, Luqman N, Abbas H, Ateeq MK, Taseer MSA, Asif M. Prevalence of Ruminant Paramphistomosis and Comparative Histopathology of the Infected Rumens in Narowal District, Punjab, Pakistan. Helminthologia 2022; 59:377-384. [PMID: 36875675 PMCID: PMC9979068 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2022-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the prevalence of Paramphistomum spp. in small and large ruminants and their association with the histopathology of the infected rumens. A total of 384 animals were screened for Paramphistomum spp. The animals found positive for Paramphistomum spp. were divided into three groups according to the worm load/5 cm2 (G1: 10 - 20 worms/5 cm2 = Low, G2: 20 - 40 worms/5 cm2 = Medium, and G3: >41 worms/5 cm2 = High). Tissue slides were prepared from samples of the rumen (1 cm2) taken from animals positive for ruminal fluke to determine the histological parameters, including epithelial length or thickness, length and width of the ruminal papilla, and thickness of tunica submucosa and mucularis externae. The overall prevalence of Paramphistomum spp. in the ruminant population of district Narowal was 56.25 % with a significant (P < 0.05) variation among different species of ruminants. The highest prevalence was in cattle, followed in order by buffalo, goat, and sheep. Epithelium thickness was significantly correlated with parasite load in large ruminants and the most significant (P < 0.05) decrease in epithelium thickness was in Group B (31.12 ± 1.82 μm) and Group C (31.07 ± 1.68 μm) and a same trend was recorded in small ruminants. Histopathological changes due to Paramphistomum spp. are reported for the first time, which explained the histomorphological and physiological changes in Paramphistomum-infected rumens which might be associated with lowered feed efficiency and productivity in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Rizwan
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. Usman
- Section of Histology, Department of Basic Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. A. Naeem
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. U. Farid
- Section of Meat Science, Department of Animal Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. Younus
- Section of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. S. Sajid
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - U. B. Tahir
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N. Luqman
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - H. Abbas
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. K. Ateeq
- Section of Histology, Department of Basic Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. S. A. Taseer
- Section of Meat Science, Department of Animal Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. Asif
- Section of Statistics and Math, Department of Social Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub-campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
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Jadoon SA, Salamat N, Khan SA, Yazdani MS, Khatak N, Naeem MA. Genotyping for Dombrock blood group alleles in Northern Pakistani blood donors. Immunohematology 2021; 37:113-117. [PMID: 34591376 DOI: 10.21307/immunohematology-2021-016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Genotyping can be used to identify rare blood group antigens and to solve suspected blood group discrepancies, particularly when serologic methods are limited. Unfortunately, only a few such studies have been performed in Pakistan. The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of Dombrock blood group alleles by genotyping samples from blood donors from the north of Pakistan. Blood samples were taken with consent from 300 blood donors; DNA was extracted and tested for DO*01 and DO*02 alleles by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), followed by gel electrophoresis. Allele frequencies were calculated. The observed and expected genotype frequencies were compared using the χ2 test. The allele frequencies for DO*01 and DO*02 were 0.40 and 0.60, respectively. Genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This study in Pakistani blood donors provides Dombrock blood group allele frequencies by PCR-SSP. This approach is efficient and economical and can be applied in developing countries. The findings can contribute to the development of in-house red blood cell panels, identification of rare blood types, and establishment of a national rare blood donor program. Genotyping can be used to identify rare blood group antigens and to solve suspected blood group discrepancies, particularly when serologic methods are limited. Unfortunately, only a few such studies have been performed in Pakistan. The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of Dombrock blood group alleles by genotyping samples from blood donors from the north of Pakistan. Blood samples were taken with consent from 300 blood donors; DNA was extracted and tested for DO*01 and DO*02 alleles by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), followed by gel electrophoresis. Allele frequencies were calculated. The observed and expected genotype frequencies were compared using the χ2 test. The allele frequencies for DO*01 and DO*02 were 0.40 and 0.60, respectively. Genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This study in Pakistani blood donors provides Dombrock blood group allele frequencies by PCR-SSP. This approach is efficient and economical and can be applied in developing countries. The findings can contribute to the development of in-house red blood cell panels, identification of rare blood types, and establishment of a national rare blood donor program.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Jadoon
- Army Medical College , Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Jadoon House H#107/8, S#11, Habibullah Colony, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - N Salamat
- P-First Solutions , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - S A Khan
- National University of Medical Sciences , Rawalpindi , Pakistan
| | - M S Yazdani
- Combined Military Hospital , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - N Khatak
- Combined Military Hospital Medical College , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - M A Naeem
- Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion , Rawalpindi , Pakistan
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Tahir M, Imran M, Nawaz F, Shahid M, Naeem MA, Ahmad I, Akram M, Khalid U, Farooq ABU, Bakhat HF, Kamran M, Shah ZA. Effects of Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 and magnetite nanoparticles on yield improvement of rice by urea fertilizer under different watering regimes. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2433-2447. [PMID: 33896080 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present research aimed to examine the use of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) in combination with phyto-beneficial rhizobacterium (PhBR) for improvement of applied N recovery (ANR) from urea fertilizer in rice grown under deficient and optimum watering conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS The Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 was positive for acetylene reduction, phosphate solubilization and ACC deaminase activity at temperature ranges 35-45°C. In a pot experiment, urea, MNPs and Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 were applied either alone or in combination to rice plants grown in pots under water deficit and optimal watering conditions. Combined application of urea, MNPs and Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 increased the plant N content and ANR by 27 and 65%, respectively, over their respective control values in rice grown under optimum watering conditions, whereas these increases were 27 and 41%, respectively, in rice grown under water deficit conditions. This treatment also increased the kernel weight and plant dry matter by 36 and 60%, respectively, over control (urea alone) values in rice grown under water deficit conditions, whereas these increases were 31 and 21·8%, respectively, in rice grown under optimum watering conditions. Values of malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase and ethylene concentration were higher in control treatment under both the watering regimes. The application of Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 either alone or in combination with MNPs and urea reduced MDA contents, APX, catalase and ethylene production in the rice plants. CONCLUSION The combined application of MNPs+Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 reduced the N losses from applied urea, increased N uptake and ANR in rice, decreased MDA contents, APX and catalase activity and ethylene level in rice grown under deficit and optimum water conditions. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The application of MNPs together with Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 may help to increase ANR and rice productivity under water deficit conditions with low cost of production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tahir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Imran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - F Nawaz
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Akram
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - U Khalid
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - A B U Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - H F Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Kamran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z A Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
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Naeem U, Naeem A, Naeem MA, Naeem K, Mujtaba B, Mujtaba A, Khurshid A. An association between exposure to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and mortality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:9172-9181. [PMID: 32965011 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_22868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to find an association between exposure of a population to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and mortality rate due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) across different countries worldwide. MATERIALS AND METHODS To find the relationship between exposure to MERS-CoV and mortality rate due to SARS-CoV-2, we collected and analyzed data of three possible factors that may have resulted in an exposure of a population to MERS-CoV: (1) the number of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) cases reported among 16 countries since 2012; (2) data of MERS-CoV seroprevalence in camels across 23 countries, as working with camels increase risk of exposure to MERS-CoV; (3) data of travel history of people from 51 countries to Saudi Arabia was collected on the assumption that travel to a country where MERS is endemic, such as, Saudi Arabia, could also lead to exposure to MERS-CoV. RESULTS We found a significantly lower number of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths per million (deaths/M) of a population in countries that are likely to be exposed to MERS-CoV than otherwise (t-stat=3.686, p<0.01). In addition, the number of COVID-19 deaths/M of a population was significantly lower in countries that reported a higher seroprevalence of MERS-CoV in camels than otherwise (t-stat=4.5077, p<0.01). Regression analysis showed that increased travelling history to Saudi Arabia is likely to be associated with a lower mortality rate due to COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS This study provides empirical evidence that a population that was at an increased risk of exposure to MERS-CoV had a significantly lower mortality rate due to SARS-CoV-2, which might be due to cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in that population because of an earlier exposure to MERS-CoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Naeem
- Department of Health Professional Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Naeem MA, Karrow NA, Ashraf MM, Wu J. Kinetic interaction between albendazole and florfenicol in healthy adult female Beetal goats. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:835-841. [PMID: 31190513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M A Naeem
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R.China
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N A Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - M M Ashraf
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - J Wu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar City, Xinjiang P.R. China
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Chang Z, Zhang H, Dong H, Mehmood K, Ijaz M, Ahmad HI, Naeem MA, Wu Q, Nabi F, Zhu H. Effect of CuSO4 and nano copper on serum antioxidant capacity in Weaned piglets. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:219-224. [PMID: 29684999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper is the most essential trace element in the animal body. Nano-sized copper particles have been widely used in a number of different animal species in modern medicinal practice. The present study was designed to examine the effect of dietary copper sulfate/(CuSO4) and nano copper supplementation on serum antioxidant capacity of weaning piglets. A total of 28 Duroc piglets (21 days, and weighing ~7 kg) were randomly divided into three equal groups. The control group (n=4) was administered with a normal standard diet; however the CuSO4 (n=12) and nano copper (n=12) groups were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day body weight, respectively. After 28 days, blood serum copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), ceruloplasmin (CP), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), peroxidase (POD), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and inhibition of hydroxyl radical (CIHR) were analyzed from all groups. The results indicated that nano copper supplementation has significant (P less than 0.05) effect on the serum antioxidant capability as compared to dietary CuSO4 group in weaned piglets. Nano-size copper 100 mg/kg/day supplementation was confirmed to improve the immunity level by strengthening the antioxidant capacity of weaning piglets. Dietary supplementation with 100 mg/kg body weight nano copper could be a potential substitute for weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine in Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi Tibet, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Dong
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine in Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi Tibet, China
| | - K Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Ijaz
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H I Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - M A Naeem
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Q Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine in Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi Tibet, China
| | - F Nabi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine in Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi Tibet, China
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Maranhao B, Biswas P, Duncan JL, Branham KE, Silva GA, Naeem MA, Khan SN, Riazuddin S, Hejtmancik JF, Heckenlively JR, Riazuddin SA, Lee PL, Ayyagari R. exomeSuite: Whole exome sequence variant filtering tool for rapid identification of putative disease causing SNVs/indels. Genomics 2014; 103:169-76. [PMID: 24603341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Exome and whole-genome analyses powered by next-generation sequencing (NGS) have become invaluable tools in identifying causal mutations responsible for Mendelian disorders. Given that individual exomes contain several thousand single nucleotide variants and insertions/deletions, it remains a challenge to analyze large numbers of variants from multiple exomes to identify causal alleles associated with inherited conditions. To this end, we have developed user-friendly software that analyzes variant calls from multiple individuals to facilitate identification of causal mutations. The software, termed exomeSuite, filters for putative causative variants of monogenic diseases inherited in one of three forms: dominant, recessive caused by a homozygous variant, or recessive caused by two compound heterozygous variants. In addition, exomeSuite can perform homozygosity mapping and analyze the variant data of multiple unrelated individuals. Here we demonstrate that filtering of variants with exomeSuite reduces datasets to a fraction of a percent of their original size. To the best of our knowledge this is the first freely available software developed to analyze variant data from multiple individuals that rapidly assimilates and filters large data sets based on pattern of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Maranhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, UC Jacobs Retina Center, 9415 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0946, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - P Biswas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, UC Jacobs Retina Center, 9415 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0946, USA.
| | - J L Duncan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - K E Branham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - G A Silva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, UC Jacobs Retina Center, 9415 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0946, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - M A Naeem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S N Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J F Hejtmancik
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - J R Heckenlively
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - S A Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - P L Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, UC Jacobs Retina Center, 9415 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0946, USA.
| | - R Ayyagari
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, UC Jacobs Retina Center, 9415 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0946, USA.
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Holmes BM, Naeem MA, Hutchings DC, Marsh JH, Kelly AE. A semiconductor laser with monolithically integrated dynamic polarization control. Opt Express 2012; 20:20545-20550. [PMID: 23037101 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.020545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the first demonstration of a semiconductor laser monolithically integrated with an active polarization controller, which consists of a polarization mode converter followed by an active, differential phase shifter. High speed modulation of the device output polarization is demonstrated via current injection to the phase shifter section.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Holmes
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK.
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Naeem MA, Usman M, Latif MK, Aamir M. The relationship of D-dimer levels with risk for developing deep-vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary thromboembolism after orthopaedic trauma surgery. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2009; 21:113-116. [PMID: 20524485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are common complications in trauma patients. Fibrin-related markers (FRMs), such as fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs), D-dimer, and soluble fibrin (SF), are considered to be useful for the diagnosis of thrombosis (DVT). OBJECTIVE We report on 3-month follow-up of fibrinolytic activity after Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery (OTS). METHODS Patients who entered the study were divided into (group 1) patients who did not develop DVT/PE after OTS while patients who developed DVT/PE were included in (group 2). Blood samples were obtained on day of surgery and postoperative days 1, 7 and 30, and assayed for blood counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimers. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. RESULTS Postoperative levels of D-dimers of both groups increased on day 1, and remained elevated on day 30. Postoperative levels of D-dimers on day 1, 7 and 30 were higher in group 2 (p < 0.05). There were no differences in perioperative levels of CRP between groups, and they correlated with D-dimers both preoperatively and on day 30. Taken together, these data suggest that orthopaedic trauma surgery induced an activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. This situation lasts at least as late as 30 days after surgery. CONCLUSION The D-dimer levels were significantly higher in patients developing DVT/PE post OTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Naeem
- Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
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Naeem MA, Shabaz A, Shoaib A, Usman M. A rare case of thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome: a disorder of high-affinity thiamine transport. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008; 20:146-148. [PMID: 19610542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A three year old boy presented with sensory neural hearing loss since birth, Diabetes mellitus and anaemia. On investigation he was found to be suffering from thiamine responsive megaloblastic anaemia (TRMA) a very rare condition diagnosed in our settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Naeem
- Combined Military Hospital Abbottabad, Pakistan.
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Al-Awamy BH, Niazi GA, Al-Mouzan MI, Al-Nahdi M, Naeem MA, Sumer T. Serum immunoglobulin and complement levels in patients with sickle cell anaemia from eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Trop Geogr Med 1988; 40:13-6. [PMID: 3381310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) and complement (C3, C4) levels were determined in 61 sickle cell anaemia patients of various age groups and both sexes in their steady state by nephelometry. Serum IgG was found to be consistently elevated in 46% cases of all age groups. Increase in the levels of IgA, IgM and in the complement values (C3, C4) was also observed. Although the mechanism responsible for these variations was unclear, however, this study gave an idea about the general pattern of serum immunoglobulin and complement levels in sickle cell anaemia patients from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Al-Awamy
- Sickle Cell Anaemia Research Group, King Faisal University, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Damman, Saudi-Arabia
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Al-Awamy BH, Niazi GA, el-Mouzan MI, Altorki MT, Naeem MA. Relationship of haemoglobin F and alpha thalassaemia to severity of sickle-cell anaemia in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Ann Trop Paediatr 1986; 6:261-5. [PMID: 2435232 DOI: 10.1080/02724936.1986.11748452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To define the natural history of sickle cell anaemia a cord blood screening programme was initiated and during the first 3 years a total of 129 newborns with FS phenotype were detected, of whom 83 infants were followed up regularly. Forty-three of them had attained the ages of between 1 and 3 years and the analysis of their data revealed that in 21 of 43 cohort children (14 FS and 7 FS + Barts) who had almost identically raised levels of haemoglobin F, the clinical manifestations of the disease appeared to be influenced by the size of the RBC, with the microcytic group having a relatively milder clinical course as compared with the normocytics. Similar observations were made in about 50% (47/93) of non-cohort older children and adults with sickle-cell anaemia, suggesting that alpha thalassaemia in combination with increased levels of fetal haemoglobin was probably an important predictor of the clinical severity in patients with sickle-cell anaemia in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
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Al-Awamy B, Sumer T, Naeem MA, Al-Mouzan M. Pathological fracture of vertebral column in association with sickle cell anemia in Saudi Arabia. Trop Geogr Med 1986; 38:421-4. [PMID: 3810848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We describe two cases of sickle cell anemia who were admitted in the hospital with the complaint of backache. X-ray examination and bone scan revealed pathological fracture of vertebral column. These cases are of interest since sickle cell anemia in the Eastern part of Saudi Arabia is reported to run a relatively 'benign' course.
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Abstract
A questionnaire study of 42 Saudi patients with sickle cell anemia revealed that none of them had ever suffered from priapism. A comparison of hematological parameters between Jamaican priapism patients and Saudi non-priapism patients suggested that high Hb F levels and hypochromic microcytosis in Saudi patients might play an important role in preventing this complication.
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