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Lovreglio P, Rotondi R, Chiarappa P, Resta N, Bagnulo R, Drago I, Fracasso ME, Doria D, Soleo L. 636 Genotoxic damage and dna repair gene polymorphisms in workers exposed to low doses of ionising radiation. Radiation 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Lovreglio P, Barbieri A, Carrieri M, Sabatini L, Fracasso ME, Doria D, Drago I, Basso A, D'Errico MN, Bartolucci GB, Violante FS, Soleo L. [Lesser validity of urinary benzene than S-phenylmercapturic acid for measuring occupational and environmental exposure to very low concentrations of benzene]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2011; 33:117-124. [PMID: 21796919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the validity of urinary benzene as a biomarker of low and very low exposure to this toxicant, as compared with t,t-muconic acid (t,t-MA) and S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), also taking into account the influence of cigarette smoking and co-exposure to toluene on the urinary excretion of benzene. MATERIALS AND METHODS The results obtained in two different studies were compared: in the first, workers occupationally exposed to low concentrations of benzene (18 fuel tanker drivers and 23 filling station attendants) were compared with 31 controls and in the second, workers exposed to very low concentrations of benzene (the same 23 filling station attendants) were compared with the 31 controls. Exposure to airborne benzene and toluene was monitored with passive personal samplers (Radiello). Then the urine collected at the end of the work shift was analyzed for t,t-MA, SPMA and urinary benzene. All participants also filled out a questionnaire about their lifestyle habits. RESULTS There were no differences among the three groups in terms of age and smoking habit. Occupational exposure to benzene and toluene and the urinary concentrations of t,t-MA, SPMA and urinary benzene were higher in the fuel tanker drivers than the filling station attendants and higher in the latter than in the controls. Cigarette smoking was found to be associated with urinary excretion of t,t-MA, SPMA and urinary benzene at both low and very low exposure to benzene. The biomarkers t,t-MA, SPMA and urinary benzene were almost always correlated, for both low and very low exposure to benzene. Notably, for low exposure to benzene a dependency relation was found with the levels of t,t-MA, SPMA and urinary benzene on both cigarette smoking and airborne benzene, whereas for very low exposure to benzene there was a dependency relation of SPMA on cigarette smoking and airborne benzene, of urinary benzene only on cigarette smoking and of t,t-MA on none of the variables considered. CONCLUSIONS For occupational exposure to low concentrations of benzene, urinary benzene and SPMA showed a comparable validity, while for exposure to very low concentrations of this toxicant the validity of SPMA was confirmed while urinary benzene was found to be less useful. Cigarette smoking was the main factor conditioning the excretion of all the biomarkers of benzene in conditions of both low and very low exposure to the toxicant, so for the analysis of occupational exposure to benzene it is best to recommend abstention from smoking at least in the hours immediately before urine collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lovreglio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Medicina Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro "E.C. Vigliani", Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
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Lovreglio P, Carrieri M, Barbieri A, Sabatini L, Fracasso ME, Doria D, Iavicoli S, Drago I, D'errico MN, Imbriani M, Violante FS, Bartolucci GB, Soleo L. Applicability of urinary benzene to biological monitoring of occupational and environmental exposure to very low benzene concentrations. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2011; 33:41-46. [PMID: 21417138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify whether urinary benzene is an applicable biomarker of occupational exposure to very low concentrations of benzene, considering the influence of cigarette smoke and benzene-toluene co-exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS 23 filling station attendants with occupational exposure to benzene and 31 controls were analyzed. Occupational and environmental exposure was monitored and t,t-muconic acid (t,t-MA), S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), urinary benzene and creatinine in the urine samples were tested. RESULTS Occupational exposure to benzene and toluene was significantly higher in the filling station attendants than in the controls, whereas t,t-MA, SPMA and urinary benzene were not different in the two groups. Instead, the smoker group showed significantly higher values for the above biomarkers than the non-smoker group, each of which included both exposed workers and controls. SPMA was dependent on airborne benzene and cigarette smoking, and urinary benzene only on cigarette smoking, while t,t-MA was not dependent on either of these variables. CONCLUSIONS At very low concentrations of occupational exposure to benzene, urinary benzene is less valid than SPMA as a biomarker, even if both are strongly influenced by smoking habit. Abstention from smoking should therefore be recommended for at least two hours before urine collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lovreglio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Medicina Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro E. C. Vigliani, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies conducted in the 1980s revealed that people working in the rubber manufacturing industry had an increased risk of cancer. Even now, workers employed in rubber processing are still at risk despite the measures adopted to improve their working conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of a genotoxic risk in a rubber industry and to verify whether or not it was possible to locate the most dangerous position among the different rubber-working processes. The mutagenic activity of airborne particulate was evaluated in samples collected in the mixing department of a rubber manufacturing plant. Ambient air samples were taken over 3-h period in two stable positions near the mixing (Banbury mixer) and calendering areas. Personal air samples were taken over 2-h period during a normal workday from five workers employed in different rubber processing operations (mixing, weighing, calendering, compounding and extruding). The mutagenic activity of the air samples was determined by plate incorporation assay using Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA 98, TA 98NR, TA 100, YG 1021) with and without metabolic activation. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); the presence of other presumable contaminants were carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed substantial direct and indirect frameshift mutagenicity in both ambient and personal samples. No mutagenic activity was present in S. typhimurium TA 100, except in the personal sample from a worker employed on the Banbury mixer. HPLC analysis revealed very low concentrations of PAHs. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of compounds such as azulene derivative, 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline, N-methyl N-phenylbenzenamine, diphenylamine, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and bis(methyl-propyl)phthalate. We conclude that the high levels of mutagenic activity in ambiental and personal samples indicate the presence of substances with high genotoxic potency; no substantial differences were seen among the several rubber processing operations. PAHs were not involved in indoor pollution. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of compounds which may be produced by high temperatures to which the raw materials are subjected during rubber manufacturing processes. These substances are potential carcinogen though their mutagen properties have not been clearly determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, Verona 37134, Italy.
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Fracasso ME, Barba A, Tessari G, Gasperini S, Brunello F. Urinary mutagenic activity after different immunosuppressive protocols in renal transplant patients. Mutat Res 1993; 319:279-83. [PMID: 7504201 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1218(93)90016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporin (CsA) and azathioprine (AZA) are useful immunosuppressive drugs in the management of kidney and liver transplant recipients. We investigated urinary mutagenicity in three groups of kidney transplant recipients after different immunosuppressive protocols. Urinary mutagenicity was detected in a base-pair strain, E. coli WP2uvrA, in a liquid incubation assay. No mutagenic activity was detected in the urines of patients treated with CsA (4.5 mg/kg); 85% of the urines in the second group treated with AZA (1.26 mg/kg) showed high mutagenic activity, whereas mutagenic activity was found in 40% of the urines of subjects treated with CsA and AZA (3.89 mg/kg + 1.15 mg/kg). These data suggest that immunosuppressive therapy with AZA carriers a high risk of urinary mutagenicity, while immunosuppressive combined treatment with CsA and AZA significantly reduces this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Apostoli P, Crippa M, Fracasso ME, Cottica D, Alessio L. Increases in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content and mutagenicity in a cutting fluid as a consequence of its use. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1993; 64:473-7. [PMID: 8482586 DOI: 10.1007/bf00381094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between the length of time a cutting fluid was used, its content in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its mutagenic potential. The PAH concentrations were determined by means of a high-resolution gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer in samples of new cutting fluid and in samples used for 3, 6 and 9 months. The following PAHs were measured: phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene+triphenylene, benzo[e]pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene and perylene. Mutagenicity assays were carried out on the aforementioned samples using the Ames test. Salmonella typhimurium TA98 was used as an indicator to show up mutagens capable of inducing frame-shift genetic changes, and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA was used as an indicator to detect mutagens capable of inducing base pair genetic changes. The mutagenic tests were carried out with and without microsomal activation, using 1:1, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 dilutions of cutting fluid samples. An increase in the concentrations of total PAHs over time was observed in the samples of cutting fluid used for 3, 6 and 9 months. The highest percentage increase in PAH concentrations was observed in the 6-month-old sample (10 times the initial concentration, from 45 to 411.8 micrograms of oil). None of the samples were mutagenic to S. typhimurium without metabolic activation or to E. coli with and without metabolic activation. All samples except for the 1:1 diluted sample showed moderate but significant mutagenic activity in the S. typhimurium test with metabolic activation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- P Apostoli
- Institute of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Italy
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Abstract
Wastewater concentrates from the wastewater treatment systems of three dye plants were tested for mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA using a fluctuation assay. Concentrates were prepared by passing samples of wastewater (5-6 or 30 litres) through two porous resins (XAD-2 and XAD-7) in series. S. typhimurium in the presence of microsomal activation proved to be the more sensitive marker of mutagenicity. Mutagenic responses were observed in concentrates from all three plants tested. The results show that mutagenic activity was particularly high in the incoming waters and increased after active, biological treatment. Physico-chemical treatment may be effective in decreasing mutagenic activity, but only if appropriately used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
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Abstract
The effects of flurithromycin (30-100 mg/kg p.o.), a fluorinated macrolide, on rat hepatic enzymes and intestinal microflora have been compared with those of equal doses of erythromycin. This latter drug significantly decreases cytochrome b5, cytochrome P-450 and aminopyrine N-demethylase and moderately influences intestinal microbial flora. Flurithromycin showed almost opposite characteristics, with no hepatic interaction and marked effects on some bacterial species (e.g. Bacteroides) known to facilitate the colonization of pathogenetic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Benoni
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Leone R, Fracasso ME, Soresi E, Cimino G, Tedeschi M, Castoldi D, Monzani V, Colombi L, Usari T, Bernareggi A. Influence of glutathione administration on the disposition of free and total platinum in patients after administration of cisplatin. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 29:385-90. [PMID: 1312907 DOI: 10.1007/bf00686008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of platinum (Pt) was studied in 12 patients suffering from non-small-cell lung cancer or pleural mesothelioma. Each subject received an infusion of cisplatin (CDDP, 80 mg/m2), and six patients were pretreated with glutathione (GSH, 2.5 g given i.v.) at 15 min prior to the cisplatin infusion. After a 3- to 4-week interval, all patients were given a second course of treatment on the same schedule. A biexponential model was fitted to plasma concentrations of total and ultrafilterable Pt. The excretion of Pt in urine was evaluated during the first 48 h after the CDDP infusion. Following the administration of CDDP alone or with GSH pretreatment, the pharmacokinetic parameters of Pt did not significantly differ between the treatments. Also, the unbound fraction determined at each sampling time did not vary significantly between the treatments. However, it is noteworthy that the mean values obtained for the terminal half-life, the volume of distribution, the renal clearance, the percentage of the dose excreted in the urine, and the mean residence time of total Pt were higher in patients who had been pretreated with GSH, suggesting that GSH might increase both the rate of Pt elimination and the extent of Pt distribution and, as a consequence of the latter, might prolong the residence time of Pt in the body. In addition, the unbound fraction of Pt from the 4th to the 48th was higher following the first dose of CDDP+GSH than after treatment with CDDP alone. Because of the rather high variability in the values of the parameters obtained, further work is planned using a larger number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Leone
- Institute of Pharmacology, Policlinico Borgo Roma, Verona, Italy
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Fracasso ME, Leone R, Cuzzolin L, Del Soldato P, Velo GP, Benoni G. Indomethacin induced hepatic alterations in mono-oxygenase system and faecal Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in the rat. Agents Actions 1990; 31:313-6. [PMID: 2128167 DOI: 10.1007/bf01997625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The administration of indomethacin to rats, at the dose of 10 mg/kg once daily for three days, caused a loss of microsomal cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5 in the liver, and a fall in drug-metabolizing enzyme activities (i.e. aminopyrine N-demethylase, NADP cyt. c. reductase). Indomethacin also induced intestinal lesions and a significant increase in Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin levels in the feces at 24 hours after both the second and third day of treatment. The above findings suggest that the development of intestinal lesion and the accompanying release of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, as well as hepatic enzyme alterations in the rat, result from indomethacin administration. Some of the data in this paper were presented at the Meeting of British Pharmacological Society in Ireland, July 6th-8th, 1988.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gasperini
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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12
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Cuzzolin L, Fracasso ME, Leone R, Benoni G. Effects of erythromycin, flurithromycin and teicoplanin on rat microflora. J Chemother 1989; 1:196-7. [PMID: 16312366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Cuzzolin
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Fracasso ME, Apostoli P, Benoni G, Bonetti A, Griso C, Leone R. Clinical pharmacology of cisplatin after intraperitoneal administration in patients with malignant ascites. J Chemother 1989; 1:1218-9. [PMID: 16312841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institutes of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Fracasso ME, Consolo U, Cuzzolin L, Ferronato G, Leone R, Benoni G. Bone and soft tissue concentrations of aztreonam after intravenous administration. J Chemother 1989; 1:544-5. [PMID: 16312525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institutes of Pharmacology and Dental Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
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Fracasso ME, Consolo V, Ferronato G, Leone R, Cuzzolin L, Benoni G. Aztreonam penetration of bone and soft tissue, after i.v. infusion and bolus injection. J Antimicrob Chemother 1989; 23:465-7. [PMID: 2732130 DOI: 10.1093/jac/23.3.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Abstract
Urinary mutagenic activity detected by the bacterial fluctuation assay, using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA with and without metabolic activation (S9 mix), was studied in a group of 21 workers exposed to inorganic lead and a control group of 22 non-occupationally exposed subjects. Occupational exposure to inorganic lead had no effect on urinary mutagenicity in the strains considered, with or without metabolic activation. In smokers (exposed and non-exposed), urinary mutagenic activity appeared to increase compared to non-smokers (exposed and non-exposed), only with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S9 mix.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Apostoli
- Cattedra di Medicina del Lavoro, University of Brescia, Italy
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Benoni G, Cuzzolin L, Leone R, Consolo U, Ferronato G, Bertrand C, Puchetti V, Fracasso ME. Pharmacokinetics and human tissue penetration of flurithromycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1988; 32:1875-8. [PMID: 3245699 PMCID: PMC176036 DOI: 10.1128/aac.32.12.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between concentrations in serum and levels in tissue of flurithromycin, a new fluorinated macrolide, was determined in patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery and thoracotomy. All patients received 500 mg of flurithromycin orally every 8 h. Drug levels in serum, bone, soft tissue, lung, and pericardial fluid were determined microbiologically. The total amount of antibiotic per gram of tissue was calculated on the basis of the concentration in the supernatant of the homogenate. From the parallel course between free concentrations in serum and calculated contents in interstitial fluid tissue, it was concluded that the tissues examined were easily accessible by flurithromycin; penetration values measured by the ratio of areas under the curve were 8.3 for lung, 3.6 for bone, and 0.8 for soft tissue. The results of the pharmacokinetic study suggest that accumulation of the drug during repetitive multiple doses is predictable. Mean residence times were 10.2 and 8.3 h in groups 1 and 2, respectively. For bacteriostatic drugs such as macrolides, not only very high but also prolonged concentrations in tissue lead to favorable therapeutic result.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Benoni
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Fracasso ME, Cuzzolin L, Del Soldato P, Leone R, Velo GP, Benoni G. Multisystem toxicity of indomethacin: effects on kidney, liver and intestine in the rat. Agents Actions 1987; 22:310-3. [PMID: 3445824 DOI: 10.1007/bf02009061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Some studies on the relationships among toxic effects in rat liver, kidney and intestine have been carried out. Indomethacin caused a marked reduction in microsomal enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5 and aminopyrine N-demethylase in the kidney and the liver, greater in the former and for a shorter time than in the latter. Indomethacin induced intestinal lesions and marked overgrowth of intestinal bacteria, mainly of aerobic bacteria in the first 24 hours after its administration and anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridii in the second day. These findings enable us to suggest that the drug induces multisystem lesions through different mechanisms involving either a direct effect on the tissue or other microbiological or pharmacological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Fracasso
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Italy
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Abstract
The kinetics of platinum (Pt) in patients treated for two-cycle therapy with cis-DDP for ovarian or mammary carcinoma were investigated. Cis-DDP, at a dose of 65 mg/m2, was administered i.v. over 60 min to 6 patients every 3 weeks. Plasma was collected before and 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h after the start of the first and second infusions. The levels of Pt in the patients' plasma were determined by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. Plasma levels were analyzed by a two-compartment open pharmacokinetic model. Plasma decline was biphasic, both after the first and the second cycle. In all patients, the calculated t1/2 of the rapid phase increased after the second cycle (from a mean value of 0.39 h to 2.45 h), whereas the t1/2 of the slow phase increased about threefold in 3 subjects. In the latter, we observed an increase of AUC and a decrease of total body clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Leone
- Institutes of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, Italy
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Leone R, Venturini MS, Fracasso ME. [Effects of enzyme inducers in various organs and animals on cyclophosphamide activation to mutagenic products in vitro]. G Ital Chemioter 1984; 31:77-80. [PMID: 6432618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Cantelli Forti G, Fracasso ME, Hrelia P, Leone R, Venturini MS, Guerra MC. Metabolic activation of 2-aminofluorene in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay by different S-9 preparations. Arch Toxicol Suppl 1984; 7:243-8. [PMID: 6393913 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-69132-4_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Before exerting a carcinogenic or mutagenic effect, many chemicals must undergo metabolic activation. The most widely used activation system is the 9,000 g supernatant fraction (S-9) of rat liver homogenate, prepared from male rats pretreated with Aroclor 1254 (AC). The present study compares the capabilities to induce metabolic activation of 2-aminofluorene (2-AF), using different sources of S-9 preparations as a test-promutagen, both in the Ames test and in the minimal saline liquid medium (MSLM). In particular, S-9 preparations of liver and kidney fractions from male rats and guinea pigs, with or without AC or phenobarbital (PB) pretreatment, were used. The 2-AF was tested in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 strain (frame-shift mutation) at different level of concentrations. In the Ames test the enzymatic activation of liver fractions, induced by PB, shows a large increase of mutagenicity of 2-AF in both animal species studied. The AC pretreatment in rats significantly reduced the mutagenic activity of 2-AF, when compared with controls. With rat renal microsomes no differences were observed in mutagenicity as compared with controls. A significant increase was seen in the microsomes of guinea pigs pretreated with AC. The experiments carried out with MSLM confirmed the results in full.
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Perbellini L, Leone R, Fracasso ME, Brugnone F, Venturini MS. Metabolic interaction between n-hexane and toluene in vivo and in vitro. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1982; 50:351-8. [PMID: 7174120 DOI: 10.1007/bf00377831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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23
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Fracasso ME, Leone R, Berti T. Biochemical changes in isolated perfused livers from rats intoxicated with CCl4 or fed with steatogenous diet. Pharmacol Res Commun 1980; 12:295-306. [PMID: 7393987 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-6989(80)80086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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24
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Milanino R, Conforti A, Fracasso ME, Franco L, Leone R, Passarella E, Tarter G, Velo GP. Concerning the role of endogenous copper in the acute inflammatory process. Agents Actions 1979; 9:581-8. [PMID: 546181 DOI: 10.1007/bf01968131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of two models of acute inflammation (carrageenan-induced foot oedema and pleurisy) was studied in rats after 1 month of a 0.2 p.p.m. copper-deficient diet and after 5 months of a 0.6-0.8 p.p.m. copper-deficient diet. A 'pro-inflammatory' effect of copper deficiency was observed with the 0.2 p.p.m. diet, whilst no effect was evident following the 0.6-0.8 p.p.m. copper deficient diet. These results are briefly commented upon.
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Velo GP, Fracasso ME, Leone R. [Prostaglandins and inflammation]. G Ital Chemioter 1979; 26:85-90. [PMID: 233424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Berti T, Benoni G, Minelli EB, Fracasso ME, Velo G. [The use of drugs: current situation and future prospects]. Clin Ter 1977; 83:569-82. [PMID: 608310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Fracasso ME, Leone R. [Metabolism of chloramphenicol in the isolated and perfused liver of rats poisoned with carbon tetrachloride and fed a steatogenic diet]. Clin Ter 1977; 80:17-24. [PMID: 862349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Cantelli Forti G, Fracasso ME. [Interactions of chloramphenicol and rifampicin in relation to their pharmacokinetic properties]. Clin Ter 1972; 61:59-66. [PMID: 5039602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Cantelli Forti G, Fracasso ME. [Pharmacokinetics of a chloramphenicol-rifampicin combination in rats]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1971; 47:575-7. [PMID: 5140771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Cantelli Forti G, Fracasso ME, Berti T. [Biliary excretion of chloramphenicol in rats fed a steatogenic diet]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1970; 46:753-6. [PMID: 5502070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Cantelli Forti G, Fracasso ME, Berti T. [Biotransformation and elimination of sulfadiazine and chloramphenicol in rats fed a ligh-lipid, low-protein diet]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1970; 46:239-43. [PMID: 5457918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Cantelli Forti G, Fracasso ME, Berti T. [Interference of chloramphenicol pretreatment in biliary excretion of bromsulphalein and bilirubin in rats]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1970; 46:237-9. [PMID: 5457917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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