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Tracheostomy as a model for studying the systemic effects of local tissue injuries and the cytokine patterns of acute inflammation: design, rationale and analysis plan. Anaesth Intensive Care 2016; 44:789-790. [PMID: 27832578 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1604400626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
In a single assay, gene microarrays generate tens of thousands of measurements for the relative levels of messenger RNA expression, and thus hold promise to uncover the regulation of transcriptional responses behind clinical phenotypes of various diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) offers a unique opportunity to study gene expression both systemically and organ specific, as the tissues involved and specifically peripheral blood cells are readily accessible for molecular analysis. In the current review we highlight the current knowledge related to gene microarray in SLE. We approached the following questions: 1) Can gene microarray technology be used to translate molecular profiles into meaningful and applicable clinical information? 2) Does the assessment of differential gene expression provide specific signatures that may contribute to diagnostic and prognostic markers of SLE? 3) Can clinicians be helped in monitoring disease activity by identification of drug response gene profile? 4) Does evaluation of differential gene expression provide clues to detect previously unrecognized genes associated with the disease? It is evident that though not all questions can be currently answered appropriately, gene expression studies in SLE have important implications and will not only be beneficial for SLE patients, but will also lead to a better understanding of other autoimmune inflammatory diseases, thereby leading to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in autoimmunity.
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Charge interactions and association in polyelectrolyte solutions. I. Some general remarks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070160549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Étude des propriétés diélectriques de solutions aqueuses diluées d'électrolytes forts II. Les phénomènes d'electrode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19560650309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sur la Mesure de la Constante Diélectrique des Liquides Conducteurs - II Cellule a distance inter-électrode variable. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19580670905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Note Sur La Détermination De La Constante D'Instabilité D'Un Complexe Par La Méthode Spectrophotométrique Des Variations Continues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19590680113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Apparent Involvement of a Plasmid in Phaseotoxin Production by Pseudomonas phaseolicola. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 37:511-6. [PMID: 16345357 PMCID: PMC243246 DOI: 10.1128/aem.37.3.511-516.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three naturally occurring toxigenic strains (HB-36, G-50, and HB-33), one nontoxigenic strain (HB-20), and one ultraviolet light-induced toxinless mutant (G-50 Tox) of Pseudomonas phaseolicola were examined by dye-buoyant density equilibrium centrifugation for the presence of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid. All strains contained plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid. Comparison of the plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid of different strains by agarose gel electrophoresis showed that strain G-50 harbored three plasmids, whereas the rest of the strains contained two plasmids each. Irrespective of their toxigenicity, all strains shared the large-sized first plasmid band, but differed with respect to other plasmids. Restriction endonuclease analyses of the plasmids indicated that a 22.50-megadalton plasmid was common to two of the toxigenic strains (HB-36 and G-50). However, strain HB-33, which is also toxigenic, contained a much smaller plasmid (4.23 megadaltons). It is hypothesized that this small plasmid may have arisen by a recombination event from a larger plasmid.
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Nonparametric estimation of the probability of illness in the illness-death model under cross-sectional sampling. Biometrika 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/biomet/asp046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop covariate specific short-term disability curves to demonstrate the probability of progressing by Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at semiannual visits. METHODS Semiannual EDSS scores were prospectively collected in 218 relapsing-remitting (RR) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) patients as part of the Comprehensive Longitudinal Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis at the Brigham and Women's Hospital (CLIMB) study. Baseline brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) and T2 lesion volume were available on 205 patients. A partial proportional odds model determined the influence of covariates on the change in EDSS score at subsequent visits. A discrete second order Markov transitional model was fit and generated a probability matrix for each subject; the 6-month probabilities of EDSS change were graphically represented. RESULTS The univariate analysis demonstrated the lowest baseline BPF quartile (OR 1.99; p = 0.0203) and the highest T2 lesion volume quartile (OR 2.19; p = 0.0130) were associated with progression in EDSS. Covariate specific disability curves demonstrated the effect of BPF and T2 lesion volume on short-term progression. In subjects with a 6-month EDSS of 2, the probability of a sustained progression of an EDSS of 3 within 3 years was 0.277 for a subject with low BPF and a high T2 lesion volume vs 0.055 for a subject with high BPF and a low T2 lesion volume. CONCLUSIONS Markov transitional models allow for the comparison of covariate specific short-term disability changes among groups of patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Zinc-ion binding and cytokine activity regulation pathways predicts outcome in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 149:235-42. [PMID: 17488294 PMCID: PMC1941964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease characterized by an unpredictable clinical course with intermittent relapses that lead over time to significant neurological disability. Clinical and radiological variables are limited in the ability to predict disease course. Peripheral blood genome scale analyses were used to characterize MS patients with different disease types, but not for prediction of outcome. Using complementary-DNA microarrays we studied peripheral-blood gene expression patterns in 53 relapsing-remitting MS patients. Patients were classified into good, intermediate and poor clinical outcome established after 2-year follow-up. A training set of 26 samples was used to identify clinical outcome differentiating gene-expression signature. Supervised learning and feature selection algorithms were applied to identify a predictive signature that was validated in an independent group of 27 patients. Key genes within the predictive signature were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in an additional 10 patients. The analysis identified 431 differentiating genes between patients with good and poor clinical outcome (change in neurological disability by the expanded disability status scale was -0.33 +/- 0.24 and 1.6 +/- 0.35, P = 0.0002, total number of relapses were 0 and 1.80 +/- 0.35, P = 0.00009, respectively). An optimal set of 29 genes was depicted as a clinical outcome predictive gene expression signature and classified appropriately 88.9% of patients. This predictive signature was enriched by genes related biologically to zinc-ion binding and cytokine activity regulation pathways involved in inflammation and apoptosis. Our findings provide a basis for monitoring patients by prediction of disease outcome and can be incorporated into clinical decision-making in relapsing-remitting MS.
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DISCUSSION. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb55919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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219. Ann Emerg Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.07.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Increased risk of bloodstream and urinary infections in intensive care unit (ICU) patients compared with patients fitting ICU admission criteria treated in regular wards. J Hosp Infect 2005; 59:331-42. [PMID: 15749322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2004.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2004] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Critically ill patients, eligible for admission into intensive care units (ICUs), are often hospitalized in other wards due to a lack of ICU beds. Differences in morbidity between patients managed in ICUs and elsewhere are unknown, specifically the morbidity related to hospital-acquired infection. Patients fitting ICU admission criteria were identified by screening five entire hospitals on four separate days. Hospital infections within a 30-day follow-up period were compared in ICU patients and in patients on other wards using Kaplan-Meier curves. Residual differences in the patients' case mix between ICUs and other wards were adjusted for utilizing multivariate Cox models. Of 13415 patients screened, 668 were critically ill. The overall infection rates (per 100 patient-days) were 1.2 for bloodstream infection (BSI) and 1.9 for urinary tract infection (UTI). The adjusted hazard ratios in ICU patients compared with patients on regular wards were 3.1 (P<0.001) for BSI and 2.5 (P<0.001) for UTI. This increased risk persisted even after adjusting for the disparity in the number of cultures sent from ICUs compared with ordinary wards. No interdepartmental differences were found in the rates of pneumonia, surgical wound infections and other infections. Minimizing the differences between characteristics of patients hospitalized in ICUs and in other wards, and controlling for the higher frequency of cultures sent from ICUs did not eliminate the increased risk of BSI and UTI associated with admission into ICUs.
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Understanding autoimmune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis using gene expression microarrays: treatment effect and cytokine-related pathways. Clin Dev Immunol 2005; 11:299-305. [PMID: 15559377 PMCID: PMC2486320 DOI: 10.1080/17402520400001603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disease in which activated
autoreactive T-cells invade the blood brain barrier and initiate an inflammatory
response that leads to myelin destruction and axonal loss. The etiology of MS, as
well as the mechanisms associated with its unexpected onset, the unpredictable
clinical course spanning decades, and the different rates of progression leading
to disability over time, remains an enigma. We have applied gene expression
microarrays technology in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to better
understand MS pathogenesis and better target treatment approaches. A signature
of 535 genes were found to distinguish immunomodulatory treatment effects
between 13 treated and 13 untreated MS patients. In addition, the expression
pattern of 1109 gene transcripts that were previously reported to significantly
differentiate between MS patients and healthy subjects were further analyzed to
study the effect of cytokine-related pathways on disease pathogenesis. When
relative gene expression for 26 MS patients was compared to 18 healthy controls,
30 genes related to various cytokine-associated pathways were identified. These
genes belong to a variety of families such as interleukins, small inducible cytokine
subfamily and tumor necrosis factor ligand and receptor. Further analysis disclosed
seven cytokine-associated genes within the immunomodulatory treatment
signature, and two cytokine-associated genes SCYA4 (small inducible cytokine A4)
and FCAR (Fc fragment of IgA, CD89) that were common to both the MS gene
expression signature and the immunomodulatory treatment gene expression
signature. Our results indicate that cytokine-associated genes are involved in various
pathogenic pathways in MS and also related to immunomodulatory treatment effects.
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Abstract
In the last decade, many statistics have been suggested to evaluate the performance of survival models. These statistics evaluate the overall performance of a model ignoring possible variability in performance over time. Using an extension of measures used in binary regression, we propose a graphical method to depict the performance of a survival model over time. The method provides estimates of performance at specific time points and can be used as an informal test for detecting time varying effects of covariates in the Cox model framework. The method is illustrated on real and simulated data using Cox proportional hazard model and rank statistics.
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Autoimmunity gene expression portrait: specific signature that intersects or differentiates between multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol 2004; 138:164-70. [PMID: 15373920 PMCID: PMC1809188 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are either tissue-specific like multiple sclerosis (MS) or multisystemic like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although clinically both exhibit common features. To gain insight into the properties of the genes involved in each disease we have investigated the gene expression signature of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in MS and SLE in comparison to healthy subjects. Total RNA was purified, hybridized to Genechip array and analysed in 36 subjects (13 relapsing-remitting MS patients, five SLE patients and 18 age-matched healthy subjects that served as controls). Additional blood samples from 15 relapsing-remitting MS patients, 8 SLE patients and 10 healthy subjects were used for confirmation of microarray gene expression findings by ELISA and RT-PCR. MS and SLE patients demonstrated a common gene expression autoimmune signature of 541 genes which differentiated them from healthy subjects. The autoimmune signature included genes that encode proteins involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, inflammation and regulation of matrix metalloproteinase pathways. Specifically, decreased TIMP1 gene expression in the autoimmunity signature suggests increased MMP activity in target tissues as a result of the lack of feedback mechanism. An additional different disease specific signature identified the gene expression pattern for MS (1031 genes), mainly associated with over-expression of adhesion molecules and down-expression of heat shock proteins; the SLE specific signature (1146 genes) mainly involved DNA damage/repair pathways that result in production of nuclear autoantibodies. These results provide insights into the genetic pathways underlying autoimmune diseases, and identify specific disease-associated signatures that may enable targetted disease-related specific therapies to be developed.
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T cell vaccination in multiple sclerosis relapsing-remitting nonresponders patients. Clin Immunol 2004; 113:155-60. [PMID: 15451472 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2004.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2004] [Accepted: 06/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Myelin autoreactive T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lead to propagation of the disease. We evaluated the efficacy of T cell vaccination (TCV) therapy for patients with aggressive relapsing-remitting MS who failed to respond to immunomodulatory treatments. Twenty nonresponders relapsing-remitting MS patients were immunized with autologous attenuated T cell lines after activation with synthetic myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) encephalitogenic peptides. Each patient received three vaccinations in 6- to 8-week intervals. Annual relapse rate decreased from 2.6 to 1.1, P = 0.026. Neurological disability stabilized as compared with the 2- and 1-year pretreatment progression rates. Significant reduction in the number and volume of active lesions, as well as reduction in T2 lesion burden, was demonstrated by quantitative MRI analysis. No serious adverse events were observed. Our findings suggest that TCV has beneficial clinical effects in MS patients who, in spite of immunomodulatory treatments, continue to deteriorate. TCV could serve as a potential alternative therapy for this subgroup of nonresponders patients.
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Melanoma risk in women with previous breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.7553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Evaluation of pro-angiogenic and pro-coagulant activity of irradiated and non irradiated stored blood used in transfusion practice. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Aborted sudden death in a young male. Postgrad Med J 2003; 79:660, 664-5. [PMID: 14654581 PMCID: PMC1742873 DOI: 10.1136/pmj.79.937.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Interaction between crystal violet and poly(methacrylic acid) in aqueous solutions. II. Potentiometric and viscosimetric results. General discussion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100633a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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On the charge distribution in aqueous poly(styrenesulfonic acid) solutions. A small-angle neutron scattering study. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00078a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Interaction between crystal violet and poly(methacrylic acid) in aqueous solutions. I. Results from spectroscopic measurements and dialysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100633a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Model estimate for the relaxation time of the counterion distribution in the radial direction around a rodlike, charged macromolecule. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma50006a080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Influence of counterion exchange on the induced dipole moment and its relaxation for a rodlike polyion. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma50004a062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Hydrodynamic properties of RNA: effect of multivalent cations on the sedimentation behavior of turnip yellow mosaic virus RNA. Biochemistry 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/bi00335a032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Molar mass and ionic strength dependence of the apparent diffusion coefficient of a flexible polyelectrolyte at dilute and semidilute concentrations: linear poly(ethylenimine). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00077a017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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The measurement of the specific refractive index increment of polyelectrolytes in aqueous salt solutions with the Chromatix KMX-16 differential refractometer. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00230a090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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The influence of nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions on the potentiometric titration of linear poly(ethylenimine). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100123a047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The tumoricidal properties of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with hypericin (HY) were evaluated in a highly metastatic adenocarcinoma (DA3Hi) and anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma (SQ2) tumors in vivo. Photosensitization of the tumor site with hypericin (HY-PDT) reduced primary tumor development and significantly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing (TB) mice. Of these two tumors the squamous cell carcinoma emerged as more sensitive to HY-PDT compared with DA3Hi adenocarcinoma both in vitro and in vivo. HY-PDT caused extensive tumor necrosis that was followed by local, intratumoral, and systemic inflammatory reactions. Analyses of cytokine mRNA profiles reveal increases in mRNA levels of expression confined to inflammation-related cytokines both within the tumor and also systemically (measured in spleens). However, there was no evidence for any HY-PDT-induced antitumoral immune reactions. Our results suggest that PDT with hypericin can be considered as a supplementary treatment in the management of some invasive and metastatic cancers such as squamous carcinoma and similar tumors.
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Abstract
The potent photodynamic properties of hypericin (HY) elicit a range of light-dependent virucidal and tumoricidal activities. Yet, a relatively low reduction/oxidation potential endows HY with electron accepting and donating properties enabling it to act as both an oxidizing and a reducing agent. HY can thus compete as an electron acceptor from bioenergized reduction/oxidation reactions generating its excitation energy for biological activities from physiological reduction/oxidation reactions in the absence of light. Our studies show that HY can inhibit the growth of highly metastatic murine breast adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma tumors in culture. Furthermore, we show that HY can interfere with the growth of these tumors in mice reducing tumor size and prolonging animal survival in complete absence of light. While there is no evidence that HY induces apoptosis in these cells in the dark, 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA was significantly reduced indicating effects that are apparently cytostatic in nature compared to the cytocidal effects of HY with light.
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Comparison of the prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and gliadin antibodies (AGA) in a randomly selected adult estonian population. Horm Metab Res 2001; 33:564-7. [PMID: 11561218 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to test the hypothesis that gluten might be associated with the development of islet cell autoimmunity. A random sample of 200 persons (87 males, mean age 42.4 years) from Estonia including one patient with type I diabetes mellitus was studied. IgG-type glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) antibodies were determined using radioligand-binding assay and IgG/IgA-type gliadin antibodies (AGA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Generic HLA-DRB1* alleles were analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction. Although our results revealed the highest GAD65Ab index and a high IgA-type AGA in a person with diabetes, no correlation between GAD65Ab and AGA values was revealed among the other 199 persons (p > 0.05). There were also no differences between test values among persons with and without different HLA-DRB1* alleles (p > 0.05). In the GAD65Ab assay, one person (0.5 %; 95 % CI: 0 - 1.5) out of 199 exceeded the 99(th) centile of the GAD65Ab index. In summary, the present study does not confirm the possibility that there is a relationship between the immune reactivity against GAD65 and gliadin, at least in persons without type I DM.
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Abstract
The potent photodynamic properties of hypericin (HY) elicit a range of light-dependent virucidal and tumoricidal activities. Yet, a relatively low reduction/oxidation potential endows HY with electron accepting and donating properties enabling it to act as both an oxidizing and a reducing agent. HY can thus compete as an electron acceptor from bioenergized reduction/oxidation reactions generating its excitation energy for biological activities from physiological reduction/oxidation reactions in the absence of light. Our studies show that HY can inhibit the growth of highly metastatic murine breast adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma tumors in culture. Furthermore, we show that HY can interfere with the growth of these tumors in mice reducing tumor size and prolonging animal survival in complete absence of light. While there is no evidence that HY induces apoptosis in these cells in the dark, 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA was significantly reduced indicating effects that are apparently cytostatic in nature compared to the cytocidal effects of HY with light.
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A measuring device for the determination of the electric permittivity of conducting liquids in the frequency range 2-500 kHz. II: The measuring cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/8/10/016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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A measuring device for the determination of the electric permittivity of conducting liquids in the frequency range 2-500 kHz. I. The bridge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/8/10/015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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A measuring device for the determination of the electric permittivity of conducting liquids in the frequency range 1-100 MHz. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/9/5/019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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50
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