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Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial. Nutr Diabetes 2023; 13:7. [PMID: 37085526 PMCID: PMC10121613 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.
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Metastasis-free survival as a new endpoint in castration- -resistant prostate cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 121:411-414. [PMID: 32484704 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2020_066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent breakthrough recognition of metastasis-free survival as a clinically relevant endpoint has opened a new era in the management of advanced prostate cancer. The need for new, intermediate endpoints is the logical consequence of scientific advances in prostate carcinoma. The treatment algorithms for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (M0 CRPC) have recently been updated by adding novel anti-androgen apalutamide, and also enzalutamide for high-risk patients. OBJECTIVE To review clinical evidence of metastasis-free survival as an efficacy endpoint used in prostate cancer studies, especially those in an advanced stage of the disease and identify its clinical benefit and correlation with overall survival. METHODS Literature search up to October 2019 was conducted, including clinical trials and clinical practice guidelines. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Metastasis-free survival (MFS) was used as the primary endpoint in the registration of clinical trials of second-generation anti-androgens. The study results have demonstrated the beneficial effect of these anti-androgens on delaying the development of metastases or death (MFS), with median MFSextended by 22‒24 months. The correlation tests have shown a positive correlation of MFS and overall survival. CONCLUSION The metastasis-free survival can be considered a clinically significant and reliable efficacy endpoint in both localized prostate cancer patients and M0 CRPC patients being at high-risk of disease progression (Ref. 15).
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Prevalence of sarcopenia among hospitalized internal medicine patients: A cross-sectional single-center pilot study according to EWGSOP2 criteria. BRATISL MED J 2019; 120:717-722. [PMID: 31663344 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2019_128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenia is associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes among hospitalized patients with chronic diseases. Currently, an unmet need lies in its low diagnostic yield. We conducted a pilot study with the aim to screen hospitalized patients for sarcopenia using the EWGSOP2 criteria. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study among hospitalized patients in internal medicine was carried out, inclusion criteria: age>55, ability to stand-up from a chair. EXCLUSION CRITERIA bed-bound, terminal stages of the disease, ICU stay. We measured hand-grip strength, fat-free mass by bioimpedance and short physical performance battery test (SPPB). Sarcopenia was diagnosed in low hand-grip strength and low muscle mass (EWGSOP2), severe sarcopenia in sarcopenic patients with low physical performance (SPPBT≤8). RESULTS 40 patients were enrolled, sarcopenia was diagnosed in 8/20 (40%) men and 3/20 (15%) women (p=0.15), severe sarcopenia in 6/20 men (30%) and 2/20 (10%) women (p=0.24). 65% of men and 40% of women had SPPBT≤8, and 60% of men and 55% of women had gait speed≤0.8m/s. CONCLUSION Among hospitalized internal medicine patients sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia are common, particularly in males. New diagnostic criteria provide a relatively simple and applicable tool for screening among internal medicine inpatients (Tab. 3, Ref. 25).
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Quambalarine B halts proliferation and reprograms metabolism of leukemic cells. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Enantioselective hydrogenation of cyclic imines catalysed by Noyori–Ikariya half-sandwich complexes and their analogues. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:362-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06712j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trifluoroacetic acid activates cyclic imines in a new non-air sensitive asymmetric hydrogenation method. New transfer hydrogenation catalysts are demonstrated.
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AB0416 Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Changes during Anti-TNFα Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is associated with reduced bone mineral content and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. Reduced peak bone mass might explain the low bone mineral density (BMD) among patients with childhood onset GHD (CO-GHD) whilst the cause of osteopenia in adult-onset GHD (AO-GHD) is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES Prospective multicentric study to asses bone status in GHD adults after two years of recombinant growth hormone replacement treatment. METHODS In 94 GHD adults (49 men; Ø 34.5 yrs) we have measured BMD and bone markers (CTX, osteocalcin) during two years of rhGH treatment (at baseline, after 3 and 6 months, and after 1 and 2 years). Patients were adequately substituted for GHD and other pituitary deficiencies. RESULTS We have observed an increase in BMD-lumbar spine: n=42, 0.8155 →0.9418 g/cm2, p<0.0001; femoral neck n=41; 0.8468 →0.9031; p= 0.0004; BMD-whole body 1.0179 →1.0774; p=0.0003. We have compared gender difference: BMD-L-spine by 15.8 % in men (n=21) and by 5.6 % in women (n=19) (p= 0.008); BMD-femoral neck increased by 11.03 % in men and by about 3.0 % in women (p=0.032). In women, the initial decrease in BMD was recorded after 3 months. CO-GHD adults yielded a higher increase in BMD -L-spine (16.6 %, p=0.022). A correlation exists between IGF-I levels and BMD in lumbar spine (1st year: R=0.348, p=0.026; 2nd year: R= 0.33, p=0.0081) and between IGF-I and osteocalcin (1st year: R=0.383; p=0.0038). CONCLUSION Two-year therapy with recombinant human growth hormone improved bone status. IGF-I appears to be a good indicator of rhGH effect on bone (Tab. 3, Fig. 9, Ref. 36). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
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Development and Validation of an HPLC-DAD Analysis for Pharmacopoeial Qualification of Industrial Capsicum Extracts. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:16-23. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Treatment efficiency of resistant hypertension in cardiologist’s office. BRATISL MED J 2014; 115:25-9. [DOI: 10.4149/bll_2014_006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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173 Synergistic toxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with Hsp90 inhibitor 17-AAG in lung cancer cell line. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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LC-ESI-MS/MS method for oxidative stress multimarker screening in the exhaled breath condensate of asbestosis/silicosis patients. J Breath Res 2010; 4:017104. [PMID: 21386209 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/4/1/017104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The sensitive assay method was developed for a parallel, rapid and precise determination of the most prominent oxidative stress biomarkers: 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2α) a lipid oxidation biomarker, o-tyrosine an amino acid oxidation biomarker and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy-guanosine a nucleic acid oxidation biomarker. The method consisted of a pre-treatment part, freeze drying (lyophilization), serving the purpose of biomarkers concentration from the exhaled breath condensate and detection method LC-ESI-MS/MS, where the selected reaction-monitoring mode was used for its extremely high degree of selectivity and the stable-isotope-dilution assay for its high precision of quantification. The developed method is characterized by the following parameters: the precision was higher than 84.3% and the mean accuracy (relative error) was determined lower than 11.6%. The method was tested on samples obtained from patients diagnosed with asbestosis and silicosis, occupational diseases induced by oxidative stress, and then compared with samples from healthy subjects. The difference in biomarkers' concentration levels found between the two groups was statistically significant.
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Uridine glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 pharmacogenetics predicts epirubicin clearance and myelosuppression. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2504 Background: Epirubicin (EPI) is widely used to treat breast cancer. EPI is predominantly metabolized by uridine glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7 to inactive glucuronides. We previously showed that a UGT enhancer single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at position -161 T to C correlated with rates of morphine glucuronidation. Methods: We performed a prospective pharmacogenetic study of effects of this SNP on EPI metabolism in M0 breast cancer patients (PTS) receiving adjuvant or neoadjuvant FEC100 (5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2, EPI 100 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2) given every 3 wks. PTS with ALT and AST ≤ upper limit of normal (ULN), a total bilirubin ≤ ULN, and normal renal and cardiac function were eligible. EPI levels were drawn at approximately 1 and 24 hrs. Cycle 1 toxicities were assessed using NCIC CTG toxicity criteria. Results: 123 PTS entered this study, mean (range): age 51 (28 - 74), sex 122 F/ 1 M, baseline AST 24 U/L (13–66), ALT 22 U/L (5–90), bilirubin 8 μmol/L (2–26), creatinine 74 μmol/L (50 - 126). PTS were genotyped using Pyrosequencing; 26 PTS were TT homozygotes, 59 were CT heterozygotes, and 33 were CC homozygotes. 5 PTS could not be genotyped. A three compartment population pharmacokinetic model in NONMEM V 1.1 for EPI was used incorporating all PTS. The baseline objective function was 1817, and inclusion of genotype significantly improved the objective function to 1764; CC genotype PTS had decreased EPI clearance 88.9 L/hr compared to CT/TT genotype PTS 129 L/hr, p<0.001. Rates of first cycle grade 3/4 leucopenia were 78% in CC PTS and 48% in CT/TT PTS; consistent with the pharmacokinetic analysis. Conclusions: A SNP in UGT 2B7 is common and appears to predicts EPI clearance and myelosuppresion in non-metastatic breast cancer PTS and may form the basis for a method to individualize EPI treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Application of molecular modelling in heterogeneous catalysis research. Chem Cent J 2008. [PMCID: PMC4236206 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-2-s1-p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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The rotational band structure of energy spectrum for finite ring N=6. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2005.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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A prospective pharmacogenetic study of thymidylate synthase (TS) polymorphisms in high risk stage II or stage III colon cancer patients treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV). J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13018 Background: Retrospective studies suggest TS polymorphisms predict toxicity from TS inhibitors as well as therapeutic response. The TS promoter has a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism containing putative E-box binding sites that bind upstream stimulatory factor (USF) -1 and -2. One E-box binding site exists in TSER*2 and 2 binding sites exist in TSER*3. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at position 12 (G→C) in TSER*3’s 2nd repeat abolishes binding of USF-1/2. Combined effects of VNTR and SNP means individuals may have 2, 3 or 4 enhancer regions. We hypothesized that decreased enhancer numbers predicts for patients at risk for grade ≥3 mucositis, diarrhea, neutropenia, and overall toxicity and performed a prospective pharmacogenetic study of TS polymorphisms in adjuvant colon cancer patients treated with 5-FU/LV. Methods: High risk Stage II or Stage III colon cancer patients treated with 5FU/LV (425 mg/m2/ 20 mg/m2) daily for 5 days every 4 weeks had blood drawn for genotyping prior to starting therapy. Patients were assessed for toxicity using NCI CTC 2.0 in cycle 1. Three year disease-free survival will also be assessed. Results: 103 patients were enrolled and genotyped with 95 evaluable for toxicity. Patient characteristics: median age 61yrs (36–79): M 52%/F 48%; Stage III 77%, Stage II 23%. Frequency of genotypes containing 2 enhancers (TSER*2/ TSER*2, TSER*2 / TSER*3C, TSER*3C/ TSER*3C), 3 enhancers (TSER*2/ TSER*3G, TSER*3C/ TSER*3G) and 4 enhancers (TSER*3G/ TSER*3G) was 0.64, 0.31, and 0.05 respectively. No significant difference was seen in overall toxicity, mucositis, diarrhea and neutropenia based on TS polymorphism genotypes. Frequency of recurrence in 2 enhancer patients was 13% versus 26% in 3/4 enhancer patients but this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.16). Conclusions: This prospective study does not confirm previously published retrospective studies suggesting that TS VNTR and SNP predict toxicity from TS inhibitors in patients treated with 5-fluorouracil for colon cancer. There is a trend for prediction of recurrence which requires further follow-up. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Accurate product ion mass spectra of galanthamine derivatives. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2006; 41:544-8. [PMID: 16541391 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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Abstract
Abstract C49H62N2O14, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 9.46370(3)Å, b = 12.29468(3) Å, c = 40.46176(4) Å, V = 4707.9 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.102, wRref(F) = 0.099, T = 150 K.
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Phänotypisches Spektrum von Patienten mit Motoneuronerkrankungen und Mutationen im Dynactin-1-(DCTN1)-Gen. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-952985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Energy spectrum of magnetic quantum wires. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2005.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Frequency of a tau genotype in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2005; 236:13-6. [PMID: 16005901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2005.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Accepted: 04/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the susceptibility of the dinucleotide polymorphism A0 in the tau gene to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In 416 unrelated patients with ALS and 242 control subjects the A0/A0 genotype was not associated with the pooled sample of ALS cases. Subgroup analysis revealed that in sporadic ALS the A0 polymorphism was significantly overrepresented. There was no association of the A0/A0 genotype with the age and site of disease onset or the presence of dementia. The studied tau genotype may contribute to the multifactorial genetic background of ALS.
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Dynactin 1-Gen-Mutationen bei Motoneuronerkrankungen. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Oligosaccharides produced by submerged cultures of Claviceps africana and Claviceps sorghi. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2005; 50:198-204. [PMID: 16295657 DOI: 10.1007/bf02931566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides produced by submerged cultures of C. africana and C. sorghi were isolated by semipreparative HPLC. Structure of 6-O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-D-glucopyranose (blastose), 1,6-bis-O-(beta-D-fructofuranosyl)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (neokestose) and two sugar alcohols, 1-O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-D-mannitol (fructosylmannitol) and 1,6-bis-O-(beta-D-fructofuranosyl)-D-mannitol (bisfructosylmannitol) was determined by NMR spectrometry. MALDI TOF MS analysis revealed molecular ions [M+Na]+ that indicate the presence of other tetra- and pentasaccharides (m/z = 689.4 and 851.5, respectively) and corresponding sugar alcohol (m/z = 691.4). Rapid conversion of sucrose into series of oligosaccharides and corresponding sugar alcohols was observed in all tested strains.
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Heterogenous and compartment-specific activation of nonlymphocytic, mononuclear cells in intraabdominal sepsis. Exp Lung Res 2004; 29:503-21. [PMID: 14710441 DOI: 10.1080/01902140303779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although sepsis is associated with increased production of cellular pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators by monocyte/macrophages, the compartmentalization and nature of such activation has not been clearly defined. The authors examined the activation of nonlymphocytic mononuclear cells in different compartments in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of septic peritonitis. Control and CLP rat mononuclear cells from the peritoneal cavity, bronchoalveolar, as well as the lung vascular compartment were isolated 24 and 48 hours post surgery and release of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-12, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was measured from culture media. Peritoneal macrophages (PMs) from CLP rats increased release of all three mediators compared to controls. Cells from the lung vascular compartment after CLP increased release of NO, but MCP-1 release was unchanged. Levels of IL-12 were not detectable. Similarly, bronchoalveolar macrophages (BMs) of CLP rats had increased release of NO, whereas IL-12 was not detectable. Release of MCP-1 increased 48 hours after CLP. Almost all PMs and BMs possessed innate phagocytic ability that was not altered during sepsis. The percentage of cells in the lung vascular compartment that had phagocytic ability, increased 48 hours post CLP, versus controls. The authors also evaluated lung injury at 24 hours after surgery by measurement of bronchoalveolar lavage protein and LDH activity. There was an increase in both these parameters 24 hours after CLP as compared to controls. Thus, there was heterogenous and compartment-specific activation of mononuclear cells in sepsis. There was nonspecific inflammatory activation in the primary site of injury. In a remote organ (lung), the authors show for the first time that there was selective activation of NO without increased release of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-12. Phagocytic activity was maintained in the bronchoalveolar compartment whereas in the lung vascular compartment, the percentage of phagocytic cells increased.
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Applications of the Heisenberg magnetic model in nanoscience. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2003.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Application of selectively acylated glycosides for the alpha-galactosidase-catalyzed synthesis of disaccharides. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2003; 48:329-37. [PMID: 12879742 DOI: 10.1007/bf02931362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
4-Nitrophenyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-6-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside was prepared in a transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by alpha-D-galactosidase from Talaromyces flavus using 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-galactopyranoside as a glycosyl donor and 4-nitrophenyl 6-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside as an acceptor. 4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside and 4-nitrophenyl 6-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside were prepared in a regioselective enzymic transesterification in pyridine-acetone catalyzed by the lipase PS from Burkholderia cepacia. A series of water-miscible organic solvents (acetone, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, 2-methoxyethanol, pyridine, 2-methylpropan-2-ol, tetrahydrofuran, propargyl alcohol) were used as co-solvents in this enzymic reaction. Their influence on the activity and stability of the alpha-galactosidase from T. flavus was established. 2-Methylpropan-2-ol and acetone (increasing the solubility of the modified substrate acceptors and displaying the minimum impairment of the activity and stability of the enzyme) were used as co-solvents in transglycosylation reactions.
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Characterization of an anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody with potential as a cancer vaccine. HYBRIDOMA AND HYBRIDOMICS 2002; 20:313-24. [PMID: 11839249 DOI: 10.1089/15368590152740716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody (MAb) AR20.5 is a murine MAb, generated against the tandem repeat protein backbone of the tumor-associated antigen MUC1. MAb AR20.5 reacts strongly with either the soluble form or the cell surface epitope of MUC1 on many human cancer cell lines. It also reacts with a 23-amino acid MUC1 peptide, E23, which includes the core tandem repeat sequence. Epitope mapping confirmed that MAb AR20.5 recognizes a minimum of six residues with the sequence DTRPAP. Inhibition of glycosylation of MUC1 resulted in decreased binding of MAb AR20.5 to cell surface MUC1, suggesting that MAb AR20.5 binding is carbohydrate dependent. The antibody was studied in a human PBL-SCID/beige mouse model to evaluate its effect on progression of NIH:OVARCAR-3 tumors. Tumor reduction was observed in mice injected with MAb AR20.5, but not in mice treated with control murine antibody or PBS (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). An anti-tumor effect could also be demonstrated in a CB6F1 mouse model with the MUC1 transfectoma 413BCR.
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Sequencing of new beauverolides by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2001; 36:1108-1115. [PMID: 11747104 DOI: 10.1002/jms.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS(n)) were used for the identification of beauverolides in the fermentation broth of Beauveria bassiana and for evaluation of the purified fraction obtained by sublimation of beauverolides. Besides being a new efficient route for purification of beauverolides, sublimation provided an enrichment of new minor lipophilic beauverolides of lower molecular weight from the original complex mycelial extract. The product ion collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra obtained on an ion trap (electrospray ionization), the in-source CID mass spectra on a sector instrument (atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization) and the post-source decay matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectra of beauverolides were compared and evaluated. All MS(n) experiments started with singly charged precursor ions. The following two new representatives of this group of compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and MS (HPLC/MS): cyclo-(3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-valyl-alanyl-leucyl) and cyclo-(3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-tyrosyl-alanyl-leucyl). Individual structures were confirmed by preparative isolation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure of a third novel and minor beauverolide was tentatively assigned by HPLC/MS only as cyclo-(3-hydroxy-4-methyldecanoyl-valyl-alanyl-Lxx), Lxx = leucyl, isoleucyl, or allo-isoleucyl.
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Synthesis of chitooligomer-based glycoconjugates and their binding to the rat natural killer cell activation receptor NKR-P1. Glycoconj J 2001; 18:817-26. [PMID: 12441671 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021111703443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
NKR-P1 protein is an important activating receptor at the surface of the rat natural killer cells. GlcNAc and chitooligomers were identified as strong activation ligands in vitro and in vivo. Their clustering brings about increase of their affinity to the NKR-P1 by 3-6 orders. Here we describe novel methodology for preparation of neoglycoproteins based on BSA carrying the chitooligomers (n = 2-5). Further on we developed novel methodology of the coupling of glycosylamines via aromatic-SCN activated linker both to protein or synthetic cores. Inhibition studies of chitooligomer glycoconjugates with the NKR-P1 receptor show that our neoglycoproteins are very strong ligands with high binding affinity (-log IC(50) = 13-15). In analogy with our previous observations with GlcNAc clustered on protein or PAMAM backbones the synthetic chitooligomer clusters should provide considerably better ligands in the in vivo antitumor treatment.
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Enzymatic glycosylation using 6-O-acylated sugar donors and acceptors: beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase-catalysed synthesis of 6-O,N,N'-triacetylchitobiose and 6'-O,N,N'-triacetylchitobiose. Carbohydr Res 2001; 331:143-8. [PMID: 11322728 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
p-Nitrophenyl 6-O-acetyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5a) was used as the glycosyl donor in a beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase-catalysed (from Penicillium brasilianum) glycosylation of GlcNAc yielding 6'-O,N,N'-triacetylchitobiose (6), while 6-O-acetyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose (3a) served as a selectively protected acceptor in a transglycosylation reaction catalysed by the same enzyme to yield 6-O,N,N'-triacetylchitobiose (4).
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The synthetic fragrant compounds based on 2-tert-butylcyclohexanol. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 1998. [DOI: 10.1163/156856798x00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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An antibody-lectin sandwich assay for the determination of CA125 antigen in ovarian cancer patients. Glycoconj J 1996; 13:513-7. [PMID: 8872106 DOI: 10.1007/bf00731437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A two-step forward sandwich assay was developed for the determination of the ovarian tumour associated glycoconjugate antigen CA125 with anti-CA125 Monoclonal antibody B27.1 on the solid phase and 125I-labelled wheat germ lectin as tracer in the solution phase. This Mab-lectin heterosandwich assay was optimized and the clinical utility was evaluated in sera from healthy volunteers and ovarian cancer patients. A correlation was established between Mab-lectin assay and the dual monoclonal antibody sandwich assay, TRUQUANTOV2 RIA, that uses the same MAb B27.1 on the solid phase and a second 125I-labelled B43.13 MAb in the solution phase. A potentially improved clinical utility is suggested for the Mab-lectin assay. The unique format seems to identify novel isoforms of CA125 with different carbohydrate side chains that would otherwise be undetectable in the MAb-MAb sandwich assay wherein the paratopes are likely directed to protein determinants.
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Mutants of Caulobacter crescentus resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA POLONICA 1986; 35:335-340. [PMID: 21542390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A number of mutants of Caulobacter crescentus CB15 resistant ot ampicillin were isolated. The mutants differred in their resistance to several beta-lactam antibiotics. No differences in composition of the penicillin-binding proteins of the mutants compared to the parental strain, or in the affinity of these proteins to penicillin or ampicillin were found. The mutants were found to differ from the parent and also in many cases from each other in outer membrane protein composition.
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